[HN Gopher] Tech Independence
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       Tech Independence
        
       Author : jjude
       Score  : 118 points
       Date   : 2023-09-17 15:41 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (sive.rs)
 (TXT) w3m dump (sive.rs)
        
       | december456 wrote:
       | Teaching newbies 'independence' by downloading random untrusted
       | files off the internet and running them as system admin...not a
       | cool guide i would say.
        
         | boomskats wrote:
         | That derek.jpg sure looks shady.
        
         | shepherdjerred wrote:
         | Everyone has to start somewhere
        
         | sivers wrote:
         | My previous version of https://sive.rs/ti (until a few hours
         | ago) had no shell script, but just walked people through every
         | step. It took like 50+ hours to write up.
         | 
         | But so many people were getting stuck and frustrated trying to
         | type in all those commands, (and mistaking "l" for "1" and
         | such), that I realized I could help more people have their own
         | server if I put most of those steps into a shell script.
         | 
         | Hopefully it'll be enough to give them a taste of the benefits
         | of having their own server, then they can learn more about the
         | steps afterwards.
        
         | tkiolp4 wrote:
         | C'mon. The scripts are public, you can inspect them before
         | running them. The other alternative is to explain line by line
         | the hundreds of lines in the scripts. Not very practical.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | znpy wrote:
       | Tech independence... then uses a third party service for outgoing
       | email. Smh.
        
         | boomskats wrote:
         | Can you even host your own SMTP server in 2023 without it being
         | shadow-blocklisted by default? What's your experience?
        
           | baz00 wrote:
           | It's fine until Yahoo hellbans you with no recourse for 6
           | months after sending you a cryptic message in an SMTP
           | response to visit a form and fill it in which you do to the
           | best of your ability. Oh and inevitably there's always
           | someone you need to email on Yahoo.
        
           | johnea wrote:
           | Yes, you can do it!
        
           | wejn wrote:
           | Yup. Been running my own for past two decades, still works.
        
         | api wrote:
         | True but at this point if you don't do that most e-mail servers
         | will reject you.
         | 
         | Spam pretty much destroyed e-mail as an actually open protocol.
         | Spam destroys all open systems.
        
         | neilv wrote:
         | There are good reasons to use a third-party mail server, IMHO.
         | (I recently made that decision again.)
         | 
         | But the reader should be aware that these writeups of how to do
         | X often involve the writer/publisher getting referral kickbacks
         | from the commercial service they're describing.
         | 
         | I'm about to be in a position of doing something like those
         | writeups, as a microstartup, and I'm not entirely comfortable
         | with the affiliate programs. But the companies monetizing with
         | privacy-invading ubiquitous profiling trackers (sometimes
         | euphemistically called "showing ads" and "analytics"), and
         | otherwise selling personal data, have spoiled most potential
         | willingness of readers to pay for content. So, affiliate
         | programs with an obvious _potential_ conflict of interest is
         | the only way I 've thought of to fund the work.
        
           | alabhyajindal wrote:
           | I have been following Derek for a long time and know that he
           | is not doing this for profit.
           | 
           | More info if interested: https://sive.rs/trust
        
             | neilv wrote:
             | As in my case, there's a _potential_ conflict of interest
             | with the affiliate programs. In his case, he has an
             | interest in funding the trust for charitable purposes and
             | maybe for his 5% drawdown.
        
             | gsuuon wrote:
             | I was going to mention this almost sounds like a vultr ad,
             | but woah that's a really clever way to go about selling a
             | company.
        
         | macNchz wrote:
         | Deliverability from a cloud host IP is not going to be good.
        
         | zrail wrote:
         | You're still independent of any given service. Outgoing mail is
         | effectively stateless at this scale so the cost to switch to a
         | different one us ~zero.
        
         | sivers wrote:
         | My previous version of https://sive.rs/ti (until a few hours
         | ago) used the built-in OpenSMTPD server for outgoing email.
         | 
         | But then Vultr.com is not un-blocking port 25 by request
         | anymore.
         | 
         | That's why I had to switch to a SMTP service.
        
         | jehb wrote:
         | Is this really the issue that it used to be, though? I'm
         | curious if I'm the only person who just doesn't send email much
         | anymore in my personal life.
         | 
         | Yes, I get a lot of email. But it's almost all transactional or
         | subscription. The number of emails I send or receive with other
         | humans is pretty dang low. Most institutions these days require
         | using their platform for communications. Most people I care
         | about who I communicate with electronically I do over SMS or
         | Signal or occasionally a Mastodon message.
         | 
         | I still own the domain, so I could easily pick up up and move
         | to a different mail service in probably just several minutes of
         | setting up an account and changing some DNS values. So while
         | not fully independent, the time spent getting outbound email
         | right is going to have less impact than other changes I could
         | make.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | chillbill wrote:
       | I'm all for tech independence. But if you need to be spoon-fed
       | the instructions like this and you don't get what most of it is
       | doing, YOU DON'T WANT TO DO THIS. Best case scenario you'll get
       | locked out of your own stuff or important information.
       | 
       | Yes, you should strive for that, and you start by learning.
       | Contrary to popular belief, you don't need to be a linux ninja to
       | be able to host your own website and calendar.
       | 
       | The stuff mentioned in this article are the bare minimum, and you
       | should want to do it yourself without being spoon fed the steps.
       | 
       | With that aside, this is exactly the kind of guide I would expect
       | a three-letter agency contractor or worker to spread in order to
       | "help you" stay off the grid, then unceremoniously drop a
       | disaster on your head.
        
         | iksm wrote:
         | Totally agree. Better look for local associations that provides
         | hosting services if you don't have any system administration
         | knowledge. They'll help you more, and you'll waste less time
         | and probably money, plus they may help you physically setting
         | up your devices correctly with your services hosted on their
         | servers.
         | 
         | I mean, yeah it's a minimal step by step guide that just feel
         | to be the poster's own todo list... As there's many like that.
         | To get some entry-point information this is great but this is
         | far from being useful in practice.
         | 
         | Basically it hides everything useful to know behind a big
         | script that the intended reader is not even supposed to
         | understand.
         | 
         | I did not have seen any protection for what's come from WAN,
         | not even basic logging, investigation nor debugging
         | methodology. No real backup methodology as well and the guide
         | seems to not take system upgrades very seriously by saying "oh,
         | it could run so for decades, but if you want you can do system
         | upgrades".
         | 
         | This is obviously false to any expert and a very risky
         | approach. This is not how we are supposed to teach internet-
         | connected services self-hosting.
        
       | johnea wrote:
       | I do agree that it's not exactly "self hosting" when you use
       | vultr.com
       | 
       | Once you've gone to all the other trouble, pay a little extra to
       | the ISP for a static IP, and then any computer is your own
       | "cloud"...
        
         | reidjs wrote:
         | I've read that this is potentially dangerous as you are opening
         | up your home network to the Internet, is there any truth behind
         | that?
        
           | Tcepsa wrote:
           | Yes, I believe that's correct. If any of the services that
           | you are opening/exposing in this way contain vulnerabilities,
           | those could be exploited to gain unauthorized access to the
           | hosting machine. Attackers could then use the compromised
           | machine as a staging area to launch attacks against other
           | systems on your home network.
           | 
           | Putting the hosted machine in a separate VLAN (like a guest
           | network) can mitigate that, but it means you have to do that
           | configuration correctly.
           | 
           | (I am not confident enough in my own abilities/knowledge with
           | respect to these vulnerabilities to try it, and so it may
           | turn out to be very straightforward. I hope to do something
           | along those lines someday but so far the risk has outweighed
           | the reward for me.)
        
             | iksm wrote:
             | VLAN is not intended to be used like that. You want to rely
             | on a trusted firewall you own, with separate interfaces and
             | appropriate firewalling rules. This can provide an
             | isolation between networks.
             | 
             | Behind this, any pirated server could decide to send VLAN
             | tagged packets that may go trough the firewall if the rules
             | are bad, or read any of them arriving to it.
             | 
             | VLAN's are useful if you want to "tag" packets with ID's
             | going trough specific interfaces for segmentation purposes.
             | The tag is applied from the interface standpoint, so this
             | gives a virtual segmentation between ports of machines you
             | are supposed to always control, like between a port on your
             | router and ports on a managed switch.
             | 
             | In this case VLAN's are configured on the router's
             | interface and the switch interfaces, but the exposed server
             | is not aware about it, and can't change it, so you can know
             | the ID is right.
             | 
             | This is often believed this is required to isolate
             | networks, this is wrong, you just need to have separate
             | interfaces.
        
         | nik282000 wrote:
         | Depending on your setup you can use dynamic DNS and save
         | yourself the cost of the static IP. Either way it will always
         | be cheaper per GB of storage to host at home than in 'the
         | cloud.'
        
       | harryvederci wrote:
       | Ignore the snarky comments, this is a good initiative. Respect.
        
         | iksm wrote:
         | Indeed, it is a good initiative. And that may be useful.
         | 
         | Keep in mind that there's many people self-hosting and exposing
         | services to WAN that ends as spamboxes or worse from
         | misconfigured bits.
         | 
         | The thing is non-techy people would setup such thing and get it
         | running, but have no technical way to maintain it. It's a
         | flying plane in automatic mode with no competent pilot inside.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | anderspitman wrote:
       | The author talked about this a few months ago on Tim Ferriss'
       | podcast[0]. One of my favorite episodes.
       | 
       | I'm passionate[1] about the concept but articles like this are a
       | reminder to me that we need to make self hosting an order of
       | magnitude simpler and accessible to more people. It shouldn't
       | need to involve any CLI, DNS, TLS certs, port forwarding/NAT
       | traversal, IP addresses, etc etc.
       | 
       | Self hosting shouldn't be any more difficult or less secure than
       | installing an app on your phone. The flow should be 1) install
       | the "self hosting app" on an old laptop or phone. 2) Go through a
       | quick OAuth2 flow to connect your app to a tunnel that enables
       | inbound traffic. 3) Use the self hosting app to install other
       | apps like Jellyfin, Calendar, Nextcloud, etc. Everything should
       | be sandboxed (containers work pretty well on Linux and Windows
       | 10/11 via WSL2) and secure by default. Automatic backups (ideally
       | an OAuth2 flow to your friends' self hosted installations) and
       | auto app updates are table stakes.
       | 
       | There's no technical reason this can't all be done, but lots of
       | technical challenges, and it's unclear whether anyone will pay
       | for tunnels. I'm currently trying to figure out how to do
       | reliable auto backups without filesystem snapshots.
       | 
       | [0]: https://youtu.be/0BaDQCjqUHU?si=0wDf-2RH-u9vdm3g&t=1380
       | 
       | [1]: https://github.com/anderspitman/awesome-tunneling
        
         | lifty wrote:
         | I agree. I think people have just been used to the current
         | state of affairs in managing servers. There's no reason why
         | they can't be like appliances or mobile OSes.
        
         | noman-land wrote:
         | Lets do this. There's literally no reason not to. It could even
         | be a small standalone appliance that you plug in. It could be
         | no bigger than Mac charging brick, and could even function as
         | one.
         | 
         | We have to divorce society from these abusive corporate cloud
         | relationships. It made sense 20 years ago. It is actively
         | poisonous today.
         | 
         | We can easily make a turnkey opt-in peer to peer cloud using
         | today's consumer grade open hardware and software, much of it
         | default off the shelf.
        
       | baz00 wrote:
       | Relying on your cloud provider's backup / restore solution is not
       | a backup.
        
       | alabhyajindal wrote:
       | I love this article.
       | 
       | The section 'More Indie Tips' is great, especially if you don't
       | plan to follow the guide: https://sive.rs/ti#indie
        
       | koch wrote:
       | I really can't believe there doesn't exist a good "home box."
       | 
       | There should be a product that you can buy (a computer) that you
       | bring home, plug in, set up via your phone or computer that:
       | 
       | - can host websites
       | 
       | - can store your files and sync them to other devices
       | 
       | - control your home automation
       | 
       | - host your email
       | 
       | - anything else you might otherwise put on a server
       | 
       | And does it all EASILY with a simple phone or web UI.
       | 
       | Yes I know you can actually buy a computer or server or raspberry
       | pi and put something like NextCloud or Home Assistant et al. on
       | it, but the real barrier imo is the setup and configuration. Even
       | I don't do all this because it seems daunting to configure all of
       | it, and I consider myself a pretty technical person. I really
       | just want to buy a box, plug it in, and like select which apps I
       | want to use, and then it starts working for me.
        
         | New_California wrote:
         | But there is: https://umbrel.com/ (except for hosting email
         | which is not realistic anymore).
        
           | koch wrote:
           | This looks about like what I want! I may give it a go...
        
           | infogulch wrote:
           | Looks nice, but the marketing design ('make it just like
           | Apple') doesn't match the product they're selling. Apple is
           | technology for people afraid of technology, but self hosting
           | is decidedly not for a technologically afraid audience.
           | 
           | How will they pay for maintaining all the apps and making
           | sure that they are properly integrated into the platform as
           | they get updated?
        
         | holri wrote:
         | https://www.olimex.com/Products/OLinuXino/Home-Server/Pionee...
         | 
         | https://freedombox.org/
        
         | pizzafeelsright wrote:
         | The NAS box from synology does all this. Except the phone part.
         | Email self hosted might as well be impossible.
        
         | ricardobeat wrote:
         | Synology boxes do all of that, except e-mail [1], and the web
         | UI is quite decent.
         | 
         | [1] it's quite difficult to run your own e-mail servers these
         | days, making it trusted by the rest of the world is a lot of
         | work
        
         | alabhyajindal wrote:
         | Exactly. That would be great. But I think a large portion of
         | the target audience of the home box would rather set this up
         | themselves.
         | 
         | Or not. I would much rather have something commercial (built on
         | open source) like this so I can be more at ease that my data is
         | safe, compared to doing everything myself.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | ojbyrne wrote:
       | Minor quibble/correction request - the FreeFileSync section
       | (Windows specific) includes some Mac-specific instructions in
       | Step 8.
        
       | akavel wrote:
       | FWIW, I recently found a VPS offering for $1.41/month (!) @ 1.5GB
       | RAM & 30GB HDD via https://lowendbox.com/, at
       | https://my.racknerd.com/index.php?rp=/store/black-friday-202...
       | (please note I have no idea how reliable it is though!). I
       | managed to deploy NixOS there through nixos-infect
       | (https://github.com/elitak/nixos-infect), and then further
       | configure it with NixOps. That said, using NixOps does currently
       | require a Linux (or Mac, probably) box as the managing one, and
       | some Nix-fu, which is definitely non-trivial. A draft (WIP)
       | writeup on that, if you're interested:
       | https://github.com/akavel/scribbles/blob/main/_drafts/202308...
        
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       (page generated 2023-09-17 23:01 UTC)