[HN Gopher] Calif. passes strongest right-to-repair bill yet, re...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Calif. passes strongest right-to-repair bill yet, requiring 7 years
       of parts
        
       Author : thunderbong
       Score  : 372 points
       Date   : 2023-09-14 10:42 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (arstechnica.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (arstechnica.com)
        
       | some_random wrote:
       | And as usual it has huge carve outs for whatever industries were
       | able to apply enough money and or votes
        
       | ZoomerCretin wrote:
       | https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtm...
       | 
       | > 42488.2. (a) Notwithstanding any other law, every manufacturer
       | of an electronic or appliance product with a wholesale price to
       | the retailer, or to others outside of direct retail sale
       | 
       | This only affects manufacturers who sell wholesale. Is this
       | intended as a proxy for a manufacturer's ability to comply with
       | this law? It seems that any large manufacturer who wishes to not
       | comply simply has to stop using wholesale prices, though I'm not
       | sure how feasible that is.
        
         | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
         | I think the rationale behind this statement is that it doesn't
         | apply to small specialty manufacturers. e.g., small
         | manufacturers that sell direct to their customer are exempt.
         | 
         | I build custom electronics (not consumer items), mostly with
         | very small unit volumes. e.g., I just shipped 10 units of a
         | device that monitors a controller and sends a message to an
         | Android app when it turns on or off. The entire lifespan of
         | this product will probably be under 100 units. Making someone
         | like me have to comply with laws like this would probably be
         | enough to rethink the whole thing.
        
       | j16sdiz wrote:
       | I hope it is equally enforced on imported gadgets listed on
       | AliExpress or Amazon.
        
       | donatj wrote:
       | Are there lower limits on company size?
       | 
       | My friend and I are working on a sort of synthesizer and we have
       | trouble enough sourcing parts for our prototypes let alone having
       | a stock of everything for 7 years!
       | 
       | Our designs are on GitHub and are no secret, we encourage people
       | to build their own. There's no way we could provide parts for
       | that long. The profit on each device after our labor is
       | negligible.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | Set up an entity, ideally non-Californian, and ignore the law.
         | Obviously not legal advice. But if you're still chugging along
         | in a few years, you can afford to back comply. If you aren't,
         | there is nothing for a customer to sue.
        
       | scarface_74 wrote:
       | So now phone makers have to supply parts for seven years. But
       | most Android makers don't supply OS upgrades for more than 3 if
       | at all.
       | 
       | Win?
        
         | ugh123 wrote:
         | Would love to see someone in the industry recognize this
         | discrepancy and say "we proudly say we match our OS upgrades
         | with the strongest right-to-repair laws in the country". Google
         | Pixel?
         | 
         | Edit:
         | 
         | Well hey, at least Google is now doing 10 years of Chromebook
         | updates (likely demanded by schools)
         | 
         | https://blog.google/outreach-initiatives/education/automatic...
        
       | djha-skin wrote:
       | California: we're rich and powerful and without us you companies
       | and people couldn't make money, so let's use this power to force
       | people to do what we want! Hey, where did everyone go?
        
         | Spivak wrote:
         | This is an odd take for something that is decidedly pro
         | consumer. Like what's the downside to having businesses have to
         | plan for their product having to last less than a decade in the
         | market?
        
           | BurningFrog wrote:
           | Compliance costs get passed to the consumer, one way or
           | another.
           | 
           | Higher prices or products not being sold in CA anymore are
           | the most obvious ones.
        
             | a-user-you-like wrote:
             | Yes, there are already a number of products that
             | Californians just don't have access to, for their
             | "protection". I imagine this bill will further reduce the
             | quality of life for Californians.
        
               | Spivak wrote:
               | This isn't about protection any more than laws against
               | littering are. It's basically a boycott that actually
               | works because it goes through our established system for
               | collective action.
        
               | a-user-you-like wrote:
               | Litter laws make sense and don't limit purchase options.
               | These laws hurt the poorest so the upper echelon can feel
               | good.
        
             | NegativeK wrote:
             | So do ewaste costs.
        
           | MrBuddyCasino wrote:
           | Do you have domain expertise in hardware design and supply
           | chains to judge this issue competently, carefully weighing
           | the pros and cons, or did you consult your gut?
        
             | Spivak wrote:
             | No because that's not even a consideration. The bar to
             | passing a law like this isn't some greater good market
             | analysis, it's whether it's it literally possible to do
             | because the mandate is for companies to, maybe drastically,
             | change their behavior to stop making trash.
             | 
             | Like what even is this, do you like the rampant corporatism
             | where laws can only be passed if it doesn't affect your
             | profits too much uwu? Won't you of those poor corporations
             | flooding the market with garbage?
        
               | j16sdiz wrote:
               | I can't imagine how this would be enforced on gadget sold
               | on AliExpress and mailed from China.
               | 
               | Currently, lots of gadget violating local safety law are
               | imported this way.
               | 
               | This would unequally harm local businesses
        
               | Spivak wrote:
               | That's always how imports work, you can buy basically
               | anything that's illegal to be sold but not illegal to use
               | in your area by importing it from somewhere else. It's
               | where people are getting flavored tobacco.
               | 
               | The logical conclusion that "for the protection of local
               | business we have to allow everything" is a bit absurd.
               | You can still buy it but you can't buy it here is a
               | pretty normal compromise, would you rather it be enforced
               | and you be charged with possession of a Huawei?
        
           | dddrh wrote:
           | My reaction to understand this: if the cost of manufacturing
           | something is 7x in California compared to the rest of the USA
           | then it's easier to just not sell it in California.
           | 
           | But having not read anything besides HN comments yet this I
           | don't expect this to be the reality of the bill, only the
           | reaction to the headlines.
        
             | rascul wrote:
             | Not sure if it's still the case but there was a time when I
             | would browse aftermarket performance car parts and a number
             | of them could not be sold in California.
             | 
             | I suspect there will be some products that won't be
             | available in California in the future. But there will be
             | many companies that adapt and stay in the California
             | market.
        
           | kyrra wrote:
           | "There are no solutions. There are only trade-offs."
           | 
           | Why make the decision for the consumer. This is forcing a
           | choice on them by the state, that is going to have trade-
           | offs, most likely increasing the price of the initial product
           | significantly.
           | 
           | And as others have called out, no name brands that ship from
           | overseas are not going to follow this and there is likely no
           | enforcement mechanism to make them do that. So all this will
           | hurt are large legitimate companies. It would likely drive
           | many large companies out of various product lines.
        
             | p_j_w wrote:
             | >Why make the decision for the consumer.
             | 
             | How do I go about making the choice to buy a repairable
             | cell phone?
        
             | Spivak wrote:
             | > Why make the decision for the consumer
             | 
             | Because that's not really what's happening, consumers are
             | product takers and this law also affects them. It's as much
             | a law about not buying trash as it is not selling it.
             | 
             | The number of product segments where none of the firms in
             | the market offer long term support and parts, especially in
             | consumer electronics is embarrassing. I have an easier time
             | finding parts for products makes 40 years ago than 5 years
             | ago.
             | 
             | > It would likely drive many large companies out of various
             | product lines.
             | 
             | Fantastic! Literally overjoyed to hear it. The louder
             | people complain the more I believe this law will actually
             | change things and do some positive good.
        
             | InSteady wrote:
             | Consumers already had little to no choice in the matter
             | where it counted. California is making the decision _for
             | the producer_ that they must offer the choice to consumers
             | to repair a product that brakes in a semi-reasonable
             | timeframe (should definitely be longer for some product
             | categories, arguably less for others).
             | 
             | American brands often already enjoy significant advantages
             | in reputation (not to mention actual quality), in part due
             | to regulations and business norms in the states. This only
             | strengthens that.
             | 
             | Moderately more expensive products that can be expected to
             | be operable for substantially longer is a big win for the
             | overwhelming majority of society, including future
             | generations (in more ways than one). It remains to be seen
             | if that is the actual result of legislation like this, but
             | it is certainly a noble goal for society and worth
             | attempting.
        
               | donatj wrote:
               | Consumers had all the choice. They literally kept buying
               | unrepairable devices, so the market naturally shifted
               | away.
               | 
               | 99% of users, even after this bill, will never repair
               | anything ever. It's forcing niche desires onto everyone.
               | 
               | It's a law that forces producers hand to do something the
               | vast majority of consumers don't actually want.
               | 
               | Almost everyone will continue to buy a new phone when
               | theirs breaks. No one wants to use a year old phone. It's
               | already outdated. That's what makes it anti-consumer -
               | being directly out of line with what consumers actually
               | want.
        
               | Qwertious wrote:
               | >No one wants to use a year old phone. It's already
               | outdated
               | 
               | Speak for yourself, moneybags.
        
               | donatj wrote:
               | Everyone wants the latest version even if they can't
               | afford to upgrade. No one buys the latest phone and is
               | wishing "man, I wish I had bought last year's iPhone"
        
               | lacksconfidence wrote:
               | You live in a different world where noone wants to use a
               | year old phone. I certainly live in a different, and
               | perhaps non-standard, world as well. At my game night
               | last night there wasn't a single phone newer than 5
               | years.
        
               | donatj wrote:
               | And not a single person there had any desire for a newer
               | phone?
        
               | lacksconfidence wrote:
               | Well they all work in tech and make well over 6 figures,
               | they could buy one if they wanted. There may be some
               | desire, but it's balanced by other factors.
        
               | a-user-you-like wrote:
               | > Moderately more expensive
               | 
               | This bill hurts the poorest people by making certain
               | products even more inaccessible to them. Before, they
               | could at least have a choice between something they could
               | afford and something repairable. Not anymore, that choice
               | has been taken away from them.
        
               | Spivak wrote:
               | I'll believe this argument when we start giving a shit
               | about the poor when it comes to the literal basic
               | necessities like food and housing.
               | 
               | And plus, this is such shortsighted thinking when the
               | whole point of right to repair is to reduce the total
               | cost of ownership and longevity of electronics by making
               | them not disposable.
               | 
               | This reasoning also applies to literally every regulation
               | in every field and product segment. We can apparently
               | never set the bar higher than the ground.
        
               | a-user-you-like wrote:
               | > I'll believe this argument when we start giving a shit
               | about the poor when it comes to the literal basic
               | necessities like food and housing.
               | 
               | You're right, we should greatly reduce the regulations
               | around housing in CA to allow for faster development so
               | the poor can have newer, cheaper homes.
               | 
               | > And plus, this is such shortsighted thinking
               | 
               | No. The issue is the use of force. If you want a
               | repairable option, pay more and get one. You're forcing
               | the poor to pay more for what you willingly chose to, and
               | that's bad. Don't tread on the poor, keep their options
               | open.
        
       | pcdoodle wrote:
       | Something I can chime in on. We've been doing Mac/PC/iPhone @ our
       | B&M repair shop since 2009. We've delayed a few hundred thousand
       | pounds of e-waste from hitting the dump before it's truly EOL
       | (doesn't sound like much but we're also retaining the customers
       | familiar computing environment which is a huge value add).
       | 
       | We've also enabled our customers to skip quite a few generations
       | of upgrades due to extended operation of their existing hardware.
       | 
       | To keep things simple: the parts used to achieve this were from
       | computer recyclers across the US, not even once have we used
       | parts from a manufacturer. There are quite a few reasons for this
       | besides maintaining our profitability. We love high quality OEM
       | parts.
       | 
       | I have a feeling this will become a profit center for
       | manufacturers and be priced just high enough that there's no room
       | to justify maintaining hardware when repair labor costs are added
       | to the equation.
       | 
       | My opinion is the "Garbage by Design" lockouts that happen due to
       | hardware/software/firmware locks, are going to be the main
       | culprits preventing companies like mine from performing the same
       | extended use of these tools and thus causing more "upgrades" and
       | trashing cycles.
       | 
       | I think the most important thing is that parts remain swappable
       | without manufacturer intervention and red tape. Louis Rossmann
       | and Hugh Jefferys also make great videos about these issues.
       | 
       | -Typed on my 2011 17" Macbook Pro (16GB/1TB) while pulling 20W
       | from the wall.
        
       | twoodfin wrote:
       | The interesting dog-that-didn't-bark on California's most recent
       | wave of consumer-focused regulation is the Supreme Court.
       | 
       | The stereotypical view of the Court majority as a bunch of right-
       | wing corporatists doesn't hang together in this instance: They've
       | rejected the so-called "dormant Commerce Clause" in a case
       | centered around CA's ethically raised pork standards, and
       | generally seem unconcerned with arbitrary 50-state regulation of
       | commerce so long as Congress has not chosen to intervene.
        
       | reaperman wrote:
       | Progress is good to see, but I fear this will still result in
       | only large expensive assembled "components" being made available.
       | Like for a MacBook, instead of being able to buy a $0.02
       | capacitor replacement, Apple will probably sell the whole
       | mainboard "part" for $2,000.
       | 
       | Edit: I was a bit lazy in my writing and what I really meant were
       | things like inexpensive proprietary power management ICs, NVMe
       | storage modules, and/or T2 security chips, USB controller ICs,
       | etc.
        
         | lotsofpulp wrote:
         | Is there a replaceable capacitor in a MacBook?
         | 
         | https://www.ifixit.com/News/62674/m2-macbook-air-teardown-ap...
         | 
         | https://www.ifixit.com/News/54122/macbook-pro-2021-teardown
        
           | Tempest1981 wrote:
           | I see several here... is the issue the tight spacing makes it
           | too hard?
           | 
           | https://valkyrie.cdn.ifixit.com/media/2022/07/18205803/MBA_M.
           | ..
        
             | wongarsu wrote:
             | There are repair shops that will replace them for you. With
             | good equipment and a steady hand it's certainly possible.
             | 
             | But if you go to an Apple-certified shop they'll just swap
             | out the entire board and call it a day. In Apple's mind
             | those are not replaceable. In their repair system Apple
             | treats a MacBook as a collection of maybe 20 parts and a
             | bunch of screws.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | Yes, at least I would not be able to do it with the
             | household soldering iron I have.
        
               | reaperman wrote:
               | You might not but you could pay a semi-affordable third
               | party repair place like Louis Rossmann to do it for you.
               | That still helps the general consumer, even if its not
               | "DIY".
        
               | lacksconfidence wrote:
               | You would probably need a microscope and some appropriate
               | tools. Looking at the 10's of thousands of $$ my neighbor
               | has in metalworking tools, there isn't much of a problem
               | asking home enthusiasts to buy some tools to do what they
               | need.
        
           | datpiff wrote:
           | All of them are replaceable but Apple won't provide the part
           | numbers.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | Interesting. I would have assumed anyone with the skill to
             | work on something that tiny would be so expensive as to
             | make repairs not worth it.
        
               | reaperman wrote:
               | They are expensive labor but still less than half the
               | cost of a whole new logic board with CPU, RAM, NVMe, etc.
               | Looking at something like $600 instead of $1200+. Plus
               | with Apple's authorized solution you are guaranteed to
               | lose all your data, whereas third-party repair shops that
               | do board-level repairs may often be able to avoid data
               | loss.
               | 
               | My friend and I both sent our MacBooks into Louis
               | Rossmann the same week. He spilled a cup of water on his,
               | mine just killed itself for no reason. The repairs were
               | expensive but they managed to not lose any data, and it
               | still saved us many hundreds of dollars each vs. doing an
               | Apple-authorized repair.
        
         | tzs wrote:
         | If a capacitor fails there are two cases:
         | 
         | 1. The capacitor is part of a chip. There is no practical way
         | for you to figure out that the capacitor has failed. You will
         | just know at best that the chip is not working right. And even
         | if you could somehow find out that a capacitor on the chip
         | failed there is no practical way you could replace it.
         | 
         | In short, if a capacitor on a chip fails you will need a new
         | chip.
         | 
         | 2. It is a discrete capacitor. Probably surface mount soldered
         | onto a PCB, possibly thru-hole soldered onto a PCB, or maybe
         | some other kind of package with leads soldered across something
         | else like the terminals of a switch or something like that.
         | 
         | In this case it is a commodity part. You go to DigiKey or
         | similar, find a capacitor that with the same capacitance,
         | voltage rating, ESR, temperature range, etc,, which will be
         | available from many manufacturers, and DigiKey will be happy to
         | sell it to you for a few cents (plus $7 shipping).
         | 
         | It would be nice if the device maker had to tell you the
         | electrical parameters you need to match when buying a
         | replacements capacitor, but it would be overkill to make all
         | the device makers actually sell such readily available
         | commodity parts.
        
           | reaperman wrote:
           | These are all great points. I was a lazy in my writing and
           | what I really meant were things like inexpensive proprietary
           | power management ICs, NVMe storage modules, and/or T2
           | security chips, USB controller ICs, etc.
        
       | fredsmith219 wrote:
       | The seven-years provision seems a bit heavy handed. That may
       | significantly raise the cost of doing business in California and
       | result in companies not selling their products there. It will be
       | interesting to see how this plays out.
        
         | ZoomerCretin wrote:
         | California would not pass these laws if it meant companies
         | would stop doing business in their state. They know that they
         | are too big of a market to write off, which is why they feel
         | comfortable passing these laws. As an example, all of the auto
         | industry faces tougher emissions standards because of
         | California's stricter regulations.
        
           | chroma wrote:
           | I don't think all manufacturers follow CARB for all the cars
           | they build. When I lived in California I knew several people
           | who bought their cars in Arizona because it meant they'd have
           | more horsepower and fewer parts that could break. Also I
           | removed the extra California emissions junk on my motorcycle
           | because it caused the bike to leak fuel if it fell over.
        
             | jppittma wrote:
             | I had some hope we'd survive the climate crisis. We're dead
             | lmao.
        
               | red-iron-pine wrote:
               | there are a billion people in China, and another billion
               | in India.
               | 
               | only 40 mil in California, and most consumer use bikes /
               | cars / whatever are a drop in the carbon bucket.
               | 
               | we could, and should do better, but unless the rest of
               | the world is onboard it's moot.
        
               | chroma wrote:
               | The device didn't improve emissions. It was designed to
               | try and prevent gas fumes from coming out of the tank. It
               | technically did do that... but only if the bike was
               | upright.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | >It technically did do that... but only if the bike was
               | upright.
               | 
               | Which is the expected and normal state of a motorcycle.
        
               | chroma wrote:
               | Yeah and they also fall over all the time. And when that
               | happened, it leaked gallons of gas. It increased the
               | amount of pollution and created a fire hazard.
        
         | RankingMember wrote:
         | I would be very surprised if a company would consider leaving
         | the world's 5th largest economy due to a 7-year parts
         | requirement.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | SoftTalker wrote:
       | Related to the topic, it is commonly said/claimed that there is
       | federal law requiring automakers to have parts available for 10
       | years for any car they sell. As far as I can tell this is not
       | true. If they offer a warranty, they must have parts available
       | for the term of the warranty. And for emissions control parts,
       | under some circumstances they are obligated to repair defects
       | discovered within 8 years (this doesn't necessarily mean they are
       | obligated to stock the original parts).
       | 
       | In reality, for any reasonably popular car, there will be OEM or
       | aftermarket parts available for most things that commonly fail or
       | wear out, for 10 years if not much longer.
        
         | jiveturkey wrote:
         | > If they offer a warranty,
         | 
         | Not even that. Tesla (most famously, but many others) have very
         | long waiting lists for many parts, parts that are in no short
         | supply for the purpose of building entire cars, but are not
         | available at all as parts.
        
       | system2 wrote:
       | What's the point of it if the manufacturer makes the parts
       | extremely expensive? For example, Apple's 4k screen for iPhone 11
       | Pro Max is $400 at apple. The phone itself is $150 on eBay.
       | Aftermarket parts cause functional impairment (truetone gone if
       | 3rd party screen used). This bill should be "use any part without
       | software limitations".
        
       | skywal_l wrote:
       | I would rather force companies to release schematics,
       | specifications and documentations after, say 3 years and let the
       | market decide which part must be made. With competition it would
       | lower the parts price and potentially these parts could remain
       | available for ever and if the product is actually great could
       | even become a standard. For example, those parts could be reused
       | to make a new product.
        
         | 1letterunixname wrote:
         | > after, say 3 years
         | 
         | Why the wait? Delay is bullshit. Release all the things on
         | launch.
        
           | anon____ wrote:
           | Exactly. That's what patents are for. No need to be
           | secretive.
        
         | mortureb wrote:
         | So ridiculous regulations and requirements before a small
         | company can get a product out. This should only apply to
         | companies above a certain cap.
        
           | red-iron-pine wrote:
           | already a lot of regs that only apply to companies with 20+
           | employees, so it's not crazy to assume this is the case, too.
        
         | maerF0x0 wrote:
         | Also we've seen auto OEMs repeatedly raise their hands saying
         | "We make parts, but supply chain issues" meaning you
         | effectively cant.
        
         | mortureb wrote:
         | So ridiculous regulations and requirements before a small
         | company can get a product out. Not to mention, ready to use
         | blueprints for companies in China and India. This should only
         | apply to companies above a certain cap.
        
         | user3939382 wrote:
         | Let's have both, with parts applying only if you're a certain
         | size.
        
         | hedora wrote:
         | The document says "necessary software", so, presumably you'll
         | be able to do stuff like swap out components and jtag (or
         | whatever) your design verification test suites, keys, firmware,
         | etc., simply by following the steps in the software
         | documentation.
         | 
         | /s
        
         | nuancebydefault wrote:
         | I don't think releasing schematics is a good idea. There is so
         | much more to a production process than documentation. QA is a
         | huge factor in fitniss for purpose and durability. Also, spare
         | parts can/should preferrably be the ouput of the same machinery
         | and production lines as the original parts, which makes it
         | better for the environment.
        
           | JohnFen wrote:
           | Your other points are well-taken, but don't address why you
           | don't think releasing schematics is a good idea. Schematics
           | make diagnosis and repair possible without having to engage
           | in reverse-engineering.
        
             | nuancebydefault wrote:
             | Good point. I actually meant, releasing schematics for the
             | sake of 3rd parties reproducing parts of probably inferior
             | quality, would be not a great idea. Schematics for
             | understanding, yes, but those can be more high level -
             | black box if you want - schematics for the sake of
             | understanding how the system works or interconnects. A
             | repair manual.
        
         | lloeki wrote:
         | > With competition it would lower the parts price
         | 
         | Around here repair shops with lower prices than first party get
         | shitty parts. At best they're not on par spec-wise on non-
         | breaking things (e.g max nits or color reproduction on a
         | display), at worst they either last way less than third party
         | (e.g battery) or are outright dangerous (damaging other parts
         | or outright fire hazard).
         | 
         | I've been burned often enough that for me it's first party or
         | nothing, and get third party only as a last resort.
         | 
         | People at large don't care about/understand these immaterial
         | things so at scale competition is a race to the bottom.
        
         | MatthiasPortzel wrote:
         | This doesn't make sense because most hardware with custom parts
         | are actively manufactured and sold for longer than 3 years. If
         | companies were forced to release all internal documentation,
         | that only guarantees that competitors would begin manufacturing
         | clones while the original product was still being sold. It
         | wouldn't accomplish the goal of getting replacement parts in
         | the hands of consumers.
        
           | hedora wrote:
           | Patent and copyright law already prevent that.
           | 
           | Most devices are built on lines that also produce stuff for
           | direct competitors (in places with traditionally-lax IP
           | laws).
        
           | JohnFen wrote:
           | It wasn't really that long ago when you got schematics for
           | pretty much any piece of electronics you bought, because it
           | made repairs possible.
           | 
           | That practice stopped because manufacturers wanted you to
           | throw your broken things away and replace them rather than
           | fix them.
        
         | contravariant wrote:
         | I think a responsibility to ensure parts are available gives a
         | more pressing motivation to use parts that are already
         | available.
         | 
         | If they only need to publish schematics there's no strong
         | reason to avoid custom parts, other than cost but that's the
         | same as now.
        
         | lettergram wrote:
         | Easier to force them to make parts available or release any IP
         | related claims.
        
         | phh wrote:
         | > I would rather force companies to release schematics,
         | specifications and documentations after, say 3 years
         | 
         | On top of that I would had that this documentation must have
         | been released to an escrow before being releasing the product
         | (many hardware companies come and go within few years. I
         | wouldn't mind an exception to the escrow for "big enough"
         | companies). Also, the secure boot keys must also be released if
         | a major security (~ local root privilege escalation without
         | hardware access) issue hasn't been fixed for one year.
        
           | hedora wrote:
           | I'd go further and dictate that a reference implementation of
           | the software be required in source code form, and the
           | instructions include a secure boot bypass (e.g., cut this
           | trace on the board, pull a jumper, etc).
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _instructions include a secure boot bypass_
             | 
             | So do NSO's work for them.
        
         | kdamica wrote:
         | I totally agree here. The bill is great in spirit but this
         | could be onerous for small companies.
        
           | ImJamal wrote:
           | >this could be onerous for small companies
           | 
           | Probably why Apple supports it.
        
           | ethbr1 wrote:
           | It'd be nice to see an "OR" provision within the time window
           | too.
           | 
           | As in, provide spare parts OR release schematics and
           | specifications that allow others to produce them.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | I'd go with "make parts available for two years after sale
             | ends, and then release schematics. Schematics are not
             | required to be released as long as the parts are still
             | reasonably available."
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | I was thinking of the schematics loophole from a small
               | company perspective, for whom x years of parts
               | availability might be impractical.
               | 
               | But they could use the loophole to release schematics and
               | relieve themselves of the burden. Win/win!
        
         | jwells89 wrote:
         | This would need to be paired with regulations regarding the
         | quality of third party replacement parts, otherwise we'll end
         | up with a lot of near-ewaste quality parts flooding into the
         | market and tripping up consumers who don't know any better or
         | simply don't care ("why buy the $75 high quality part when
         | there's this $15 shoddy alternative on Amazon?").
        
           | maerF0x0 wrote:
           | > when there's this $15 shoddy alternative on Amazon?
           | 
           | smart consumers eventually learn. I don't buy electronics
           | from amazon anymore. I probably never will. Too many near
           | fires. Too many things lasting just longer than the return
           | window etc.
        
             | red-iron-pine wrote:
             | or any 3rd party marketplace, really. Newegg Marketplace is
             | the same people who are on Amazon, so buy direct from them.
             | If the stuff is fake then I can at least get @ them
             | directly, and they can make changes to their supply chain.
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | Minnesota's right to repair law does require documentation and
         | tools be available.
         | 
         | It has too many carveouts, just the same. But things existing
         | in the first place is progress.
         | 
         | >In general, the Digital Fair Repair Act requires manufactures
         | of certain electronic products to make documentation, parts,
         | and tools for diagnosis, maintenance, or repair available to
         | independent repair providers and product owners on fair and
         | reasonable terms. Minnesota Statutes Section 325E.72, subd.
         | 3(a).
        
         | arcticbull wrote:
         | Well, there's a trend now towards proprietary ASICs - and the
         | market isn't going to be doing custom ASIC runs of M1s are
         | they? The cost would be astronomical. The manufacturing and
         | assembly techniques for a lot of modern electronics are simply
         | beyond the capacity of most manufacturers.
        
       | penguin_booze wrote:
       | I've had a moment of reckoning the other day: my Android phone is
       | rather old by recent cool-ness standards: it's a Moto G5 plus,
       | happily running Android 8.0. Just in the past week, two of the
       | apps I use have dropped the support of Android 8.0. I don't know
       | what feature they decided take up on (the gain) by dropping
       | support, or what load shed is, but I was not pleased that this
       | has started happening.
       | 
       | On the one hand, I'm rather relieved: I don't have to keep
       | downloading the endless stream of "new" features that I don't
       | want. More often than not, I've found the updates keep breaking
       | something, or upset my established pattern of working. On the
       | other hand, I'm facing the constant danger of some of the vital
       | apps dropping support: for example, the work-related apps,
       | without which I won't be able to log in remotely.
       | 
       | I suppose there's the option of rooting and installing a custom
       | ROM. But then, there's no guarantee that it'll continue to work
       | as before, in all its full glory. It's also the case that some
       | apps (especially the work-related ones) refuse to work on a
       | rooted device.
       | 
       | So, no matter how strongly I'm determined to stay put, I'll
       | eventually be forced to get a new phone.
       | 
       | I guess what I'm saying is that a modern devices are a complex
       | ecosystem. Just having the right tools at hand, passing the right
       | law, or having an open-source, DIY, path ahead doesn't
       | necessarily mean that things will be same as before. For some
       | things, we are necessarily dependent on other people doing the
       | right things--and some of those things, nobody can force them to
       | do it.
        
         | jwells89 wrote:
         | Speaking as a mobile dev, if OS versions are dropped in apps
         | it's usually to try to keep the scope of supported devices/OSes
         | within the realm of sanity, especially for smaller
         | companies/teams. Long-term support of older OSes is easier on
         | Android than iOS but can still pose challenges.
        
           | hahn-kev wrote:
           | Yeah, they may have looked at the number of users on Android
           | 8 and decided it was worth it for everyone else to stop
           | spending time making sure they don't break it.
        
           | penguin_booze wrote:
           | Yeah, I'm sympathetic to that. If I were the developer, I
           | don't want an old version holding me hostage from moving on
           | (for some definition of 'moving on'). As a user, it's
           | sometimes that helplessness that turns into entitlement.
        
       | paulmd wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
         | warning26 wrote:
         | Can you elaborate? I'm not familiar with why android fans would
         | make those particular arguments.
        
           | paulmd wrote:
           | sure, literal tech media whining about anti-theft being too
           | good: https://www.macworld.com/article/1485237/mac-
           | security-t2-chi...
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34545028
           | 
           | literally and directly advocating resale of stolen goods,
           | because "who cares about theft, it's cheaper", on HN itself
           | no less lmao.
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35945110
           | 
           | "oh noooo it's just one guy" lmao no it's not, do you want me
           | to continue to mine?
           | 
           | literal mass-theft rings:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35475696
        
         | causi wrote:
         | Who is "them"? Until Apple was strong-armed into launching the
         | self-service program they didn't sell first-party replacement
         | parts at all, let alone for seven years after launch.
        
           | paulmd wrote:
           | damn, so how long a lifecycle did sony do before they were
           | forced?
        
             | causi wrote:
             | What does this have to do with Sony? As far as I know,
             | every manufacturer including Sony and Apple do their utmost
             | to extract as much revenue from consumers as possible.
        
         | throwaway48487 wrote:
         | That ship has now sailed for (almost?) all manufacturers, but I
         | would like to remind that Apple was the pioneer in normalizing
         | anti-consumer practices like non-removable batteries.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | nimos wrote:
       | As much as I kind of like this it seems like this is basically
       | another freebie for random offshore companies like BEEMOK and
       | JOOBLE that are spamming stuff via amazon/temu/et all. There is
       | basically 0% chance they even exist 7 years later and then
       | another basically 0% chance you could actually get any remedy
       | against them even if they did.
        
         | PeterisP wrote:
         | The general solution, at least as done by some other countries,
         | is to hold the seller/importer also wholly responsible for
         | upholding all the regulations and warranties - so if the
         | manufacturer is bankrupt, or not responding, or overseas, then
         | that's the problem of whoever sold you the lemon and took your
         | money (i.e. Amazon, Temu, Walmart, etc); if they allow shady
         | sellers on their marketplace, that's their loss.
        
           | red-iron-pine wrote:
           | the main point is that someone has to do the due diligence on
           | the product, and it shouldn't be the consumer, especially
           | when there are few to no remedies.
        
         | BiteCode_dev wrote:
         | The state could request proof of a stock of parts before
         | allowing something to pass customs.
        
           | mcpackieh wrote:
           | Customs for a state? I don't think that exists, or would even
           | be legal to exist.
        
             | ryanschaefer wrote:
             | Relevant section of the constitution. Don't know if this
             | would fall under inspection:
             | 
             | > No State shall, without the Consent of the Congress, lay
             | any Imposts or Duties on Imports or Exports, except what
             | may be absolutely necessary for executing it's inspection
             | Laws: and the net Produce of all Duties and Imposts, laid
             | by any State on Imports or Exports, shall be for the Use of
             | the Treasury of the United States; and all such Laws shall
             | be subject to the Revision and Controul of the Congress.
        
               | donatj wrote:
               | I've always wondered about the constitutionality of
               | California's state-to-state border stations where they
               | check every car for produce. Seems iffy.
        
               | nonameiguess wrote:
               | It says right there they can do what is needed to execute
               | inspection laws. They just can't charge you to import.
               | California had serious problems with Mediterranean fruit
               | flies destroying crops from the 50s onward, which is why
               | they started doing this.
        
               | strictnein wrote:
               | Yeah, just encountered those on a road trip and wondered
               | how they were legal. Was right on the Cali/Oregon border
               | for a couple of days and those checkpoints were also only
               | sporadicly staffed, so I don't understand the point
               | anyways.
        
               | ncallaway wrote:
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maine_v._Taylor
               | 
               | SCOTUS has ruled that, with specific and compelling
               | reasons, states can implement these kinds of interstate
               | restrictions. If Congress wanted to, they could pass a
               | federal law that would pre-empt the state law, but has
               | not done so.
        
               | red-iron-pine wrote:
               | it would also mean that the FedGov would have to evaluate
               | or interact with every sort of intra-state interaction,
               | which would get onerous and expensive quickly.
        
               | ncallaway wrote:
               | > FedGov would have to evaluate or interact with every
               | sort of intra-state interaction
               | 
               | I don't think that's the case. It would be up to
               | Congress. They have the authority to pass a law that
               | says: "No state may put up any intra-state barriers to
               | commerce at all", and that would be that.
               | 
               | Or they could choose to pass a law that's a lot more
               | specific, in which case they would need to deal with each
               | intra-state interaction.
        
             | BiteCode_dev wrote:
             | Ah, right, it's the US, states are not countries.
        
           | anigbrowl wrote:
           | Absurd bureaucracy, and what are you gonna do when it ceases
           | to exist after the paperwork is filed and hte aprts are just
           | funneled back into manufacturing? Making manufacturers bank
           | the schematics and auto-releasing them after manufacture ends
           | is less work for the manufacturer and easier for the market.
        
       | racked wrote:
       | As a consumer this makes me happy, but god, California must be an
       | awful place to run a business. They keep piling on the most
       | business-hostile laws. Another silly cookie consent law,
       | unpoliced shoplifting in SF, where does it end?
        
       | charcircuit wrote:
       | Phones don't get security updates for 7 years. It's irresponsible
       | to repair such old phones, prolonging their use.
        
         | Sindisil wrote:
         | You're holding it wrong.
         | 
         | Phones should be required to get (at least) security updates
         | for (at least) the same period as they are covered by
         | repairability requirements.
        
           | charcircuit wrote:
           | Linux LTS is not even supported for 7 years, but only 4 years
           | for the latest one. It's not a linear function for how much
           | it costs to add another year of support.
        
             | Sindisil wrote:
             | Nothing says that they can't ship a newer version of device
             | software, if they find that less costly (as long as the
             | newer sw fully supports the device, of course).
        
       | hermannj314 wrote:
       | Someone got a nice re-election contribution to exempt "video game
       | consoles" from the bill.
       | 
       | No mention of what makes video game consoles so miraculously
       | different than a video camera, television, etc.
       | 
       | It seems like a good step for consumer rights aside from that.
        
         | alpaca128 wrote:
         | Can't wait for a smartphone brand to argue their phone is a
         | game console because you can play games on it.
        
           | bathtub365 wrote:
           | Apple has been making uncharacteristic strides in this area.
           | At WWDC this year they announced that Death Stranding was
           | coming to Macs, and at the Sept 12 event they had a fairly
           | long piece about how the iPhone 15 Pro is capable of playing
           | AAA games. I wouldn't be surprised if this was actually a
           | conscious strategy for this angle but that's speculation.
        
           | hermannj314 wrote:
           | The statute's definition of video game console specifically
           | disallows computers, tablets and cell phones from being
           | considered a video game console.
           | 
           | Section J9
        
             | fulafel wrote:
             | Does this apply to general purpouse computers such as the
             | PS3? (see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OtherOS)
        
         | andjd wrote:
         | So, there is a defensible reason for this carve-out.
         | 
         | For generations now, video game consoles have had very
         | aggressive cryptographic pairing of parts, done in the name of
         | securing the hardware against hacking by the console owner.
         | This is done to prevent mods to enable cheating and piracy.
         | Given that consoles are often sold at a loss with profits
         | recouped on game sales, there's a justification for this.
         | 
         | Providing replacement parts for game consoles would also
         | require tools to re-pair the replacement parts. If these tools
         | need to be provided to independent repair shops, there's
         | approximately a 100 % chance of them getting leaked and
         | destroying the security of the console.
         | 
         | I'm not going to say that this is a good or a bad thing. I'm
         | just pointing out that there's a real reason for lawmakers to
         | treat game consoles different than phones or computers, and
         | that it isn't necessarily a sign of corruption.
        
           | maerF0x0 wrote:
           | > at a loss with profits recouped on game sales
           | 
           | and perhaps the FTC should be smashing down that practice as
           | anticompetitive?
        
             | fiddlerwoaroof wrote:
             | I don't see how it's anticompetitive: any startup trying to
             | get into the space is going to be making the case for
             | product-market fit in terms of things like subscriptions
             | and selling access to developers. I'd think a one-time per
             | customer console sale at a loss would be one of the easier
             | expenditures to justify to investors.
        
           | bogwog wrote:
           | Why must the government pass laws to protect the specific
           | business model of exactly 3 mega corporations, a business
           | model which harms consumers and harms competition?
           | 
           | The DMCA exception for consoles is the same thing. The
           | government is just taking these companies word for it, and
           | harming everyone else. If Playstation/Xbox/Nintendo can't
           | survive without these handouts from the government, then why
           | should they? It's not like game consoles are a necessity. The
           | free market is what should decide whether a business model
           | succeeds or not.
           | 
           | And regarding privacy, that's bs. If consoles somehow become
           | overrun with piracy, then publishers can just move their
           | games to other platforms. PC is much easier to pirate on, is
           | in general used by more tech savvy people, and it doesn't
           | have a rampant piracy problem. Steam wouldn't be as
           | successful as it is otherwise.
        
           | LocalH wrote:
           | That heavy cryptography is why the Xbox One is shaping up to
           | be the least preservable console we have ever seen.
        
           | avar wrote:
           | Even if we accept this argument, the parts you're talking
           | about are a tiny proportion of video game console parts.
           | 
           | There's no reason you shouldn't be able to e.g. buy
           | replacement analog stick parts.
        
           | Aerroon wrote:
           | > _Given that consoles are often sold at a loss with profits
           | recouped on game sales_
           | 
           | I've wondered about this before: how is this not anti-
           | conpetitive pricing? Is it okay because Sony/MS don't raise
           | prices?
        
             | dmoy wrote:
             | US law in that area looks more at consumer harm, not
             | incidental harm to other companies, IIRC. There's a
             | separate way to get in trouble here around predatory
             | pricing, but I think that's more complicated (you have to
             | be doing it specifically to drive people out of business).
             | It depends on what the rest of the market does. See
             | https://www.ftc.gov/advice-guidance/competition-
             | guidance/gui...
             | 
             | Specifically
             | 
             | > Pricing below a competitor's costs occurs in many
             | competitive markets and generally does not violate the
             | antitrust laws. Sometimes the low-pricing firm is simply
             | more efficient. Pricing below your own costs is also not a
             | violation of the law unless it is part of a strategy to
             | eliminate competitors, and when that strategy has a
             | dangerous probability of creating a monopoly for the
             | discounting firm so that it can raise prices far into the
             | future and recoup its losses.
             | 
             | So
             | 
             | > Is it okay because Sony/MS don't raise prices?
             | 
             | Yes exactly this.
             | 
             | See also:
             | 
             | Printers sold below cost with expensive ink refills.
             | 
             | E-readers, often
             | 
             | Razors for shaving - the base or chassis or whatever you
             | call it is often sold below cost.
        
               | Aerroon wrote:
               | Thank you!
        
               | dmoy wrote:
               | No problem, it's a good question, and it only works that
               | way because of the particulars of US law. It differs for
               | other countries, or even within the same country over
               | time (the US's consumer focus was less strong in earlier
               | years).
        
             | criddell wrote:
             | The _consoles-are-sold-at-a-loss_ explanation has always
             | seemed like an extraordinarily week argument for giving
             | Microsoft and Sony a pass on bad behavior.
             | 
             | Their consoles may be sold at a loss at launch, but I don't
             | know of any console hardware that wasn't net profitable
             | over it's lifetime with the possible exception of the XBox
             | with the ring-of-death problem.
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | This is also done for iPhones, which have not been exempted.
           | 
           | The "security" of the console against "unauthorized" software
           | is arguably against the public interest. Is it really to the
           | customer's benefit to exclude software providers from the
           | market? Haven't we been round this with app store discourse?
           | 
           | > consoles are often sold at a loss with profits recouped on
           | game sales
           | 
           | This used to be true, but is it still true?
        
             | kube-system wrote:
             | The purpose of gaming consoles is to play games, and
             | allowing cheating software on them ruins the experience for
             | others. Consoles are not general purpose computers, they
             | have a specific use which is gaming, and it is reasonable
             | to protect the fairness required to have a good experience
             | when using it in the way it was intended to be used.
        
               | safety1st wrote:
               | You don't need to lock down a console and prevent
               | "unauthorized software installs" to prevent cheating. You
               | do what game developers have been doing on PCs for years:
               | validate all of the player's actions on the server, look
               | for players with suspicious patterns of activity then ban
               | them.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | Behavior analysis is one approach used on PC games, and
               | it has varying degrees of success. There are weaknesses
               | to this approach and it tends to be a cat-and-mouse game
               | of cheat developers adding fuzzing and anti-cheat
               | developers adjusting their behavior analysis. Visit
               | forums for games that use this kind of anti-cheat and
               | you'll see people complaining about cheaters.
               | 
               | More popular games have shifted towards anti-cheat
               | systems that run at ring zero and prevent you from
               | playing the game unless it is happy with everything
               | running on your system.
        
               | short_sells_poo wrote:
               | Phones are not general purpose computers, they have a
               | specific use which is to communicate with people over a
               | distance.
               | 
               | See?
               | 
               | But you can in fact turn it around, because both phones
               | and games consoles are in fact general purpose computers
               | that are able to execute any program, before the
               | arbitrary limitations are imposed on them by the
               | manufacturers.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | My point is that it is normal for special purpose devices
               | to be regulated in such a way that prioritizes their
               | primary purpose. And this _is_ true for smartphones. The
               | parts of your phone that must comply with telecom
               | regulatory standards are locked down in black boxes
               | separate from the main system.
        
               | lukeschlather wrote:
               | The problem is this doesn't prioritize their primary
               | purpose. It ensures that the device will simply stop
               | functioning within a relatively short time frame. This
               | sort of crypto-locking of parts makes them impossible to
               | fulfill their primary purpose when a part fails and the
               | manufacturer won't sell a replacement part. It's
               | unacceptable to brick devices in the name of cheat
               | defense.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | I disagree. If it is not playable due to the
               | manufacturing failing to prevent cheating, there is no
               | need to replace parts on it, as it would be broken either
               | way. A fair playing field is essential part of a
               | functional game.
               | 
               | If the immobilizer on your car fails, it will brick your
               | car too. The solution isn't to prohibit immobilizers and
               | shrug our shoulders at car thieves, it is to require
               | manufacturers to provide parts. Which we have long done
               | for cars in the US.
               | 
               | TL;DR: Don't prohibits locks that protect consumers just
               | because the lock could need maintenance. Require the
               | manufacturer to provide parts for the lock.
        
               | pjc50 wrote:
               | There's at least four different cases which are being
               | conflated:
               | 
               | - genuinely third party software, e.g. the short lived
               | Playstation Linux => "good"
               | 
               | - modified software (usually "bad" but we can find non-
               | bad cases)
               | 
               | - piracy. "Private servers" probably count under this
               | 
               | - preservation (unfortunately indistinguishable from
               | piracy, but covers what happens when required online
               | services shut down)
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | Yes, but console makers don't really get to choose how,
               | or with what intent, downstream users will modify devices
               | if given a window to do so.
        
               | sim7c00 wrote:
               | This is correct to be honest. rooting your phone doesn't
               | ruin other peoples phone experience unless you perform
               | actually illegal conduct perhaps (maybe some hacks or
               | w/e?). Cheating in a game is not illegal, so companies
               | need to take it upon themselves to prevent it. This is
               | honestly fairly logical. it does not at all compare to PC
               | or Phones.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | And when people "root their phone" they are just
               | modifying _part_ of the device. The baseband is closed
               | source and illegal /impossible to modify in order to
               | protect the network and spectrum.
        
               | joecool1029 wrote:
               | Some of us do get pretty close and modify stuff like EFS
               | to enable/disable functions (voNR) and enable bands that
               | were present but not legal at the time the device was
               | certified. In US, band 77 was disabled on many devices
               | but later became legal to use. The manufacturers didn't
               | want to pay for the recertification but the device is
               | capable otherwise. We also sometimes add band
               | combinations (for carrier aggregation) that the
               | manufacturer missed.
        
             | parineum wrote:
             | AFAIK, it's still true for Sony/Microsoft but hasn't been
             | true with Nintendo for a while, I think since the Gamecube
             | (when they stopped trying to play the performance game).
        
           | hermannj314 wrote:
           | 42488.2.f already mentions limitations in the bill to prevent
           | overriding anti-theft.
           | 
           | They could have extended that to include anti-piracy or anti-
           | cheat or cryptographic pairing, but they didn't. They created
           | a specific carve out for video game consoles and not for
           | those other things you mentioned.
           | 
           | When the government uses words generically to define its
           | compelling interest to regulate, they are usually sincere.
           | When the government uses words to protect an industry
           | explicitly, they usually have been bought.
        
           | ndriscoll wrote:
           | The trend of "securing" (i.e. sabotaging) hardware against
           | the owner is a large part of why these laws are needed in the
           | first place.
        
         | nobodyandproud wrote:
         | Not having these carve-outs would force some local
         | manufacturing know-how.
         | 
         | And solve some of the major garbage issues of our times.
         | 
         | Of course the billwriters couldn't push for a later timeframe
         | for those "exceptions" rather than an outright pass.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | matheusmoreira wrote:
         | It's weird to me that video game companies apparently have this
         | much lobbying power but all the other consumer electronics
         | corporations don't. Are they really much richer than all the
         | others combined?
        
           | paulmd wrote:
           | the regulation is much more about regulating a governmental
           | solution to the android-iphone wars than regulating consumer
           | freedoms or e-waste etc. those are convenient levers for the
           | powers involved.
           | 
           | tim sweeny does not care about unlocking your xbox. at no
           | point was that a possible outcome or a consideration in his
           | thoughts, no matter how much the android guys waved the
           | flags.
           | 
           | it's about unreal and unity legislating higher gross margins,
           | and about breaking the apple restrictions on facebook's
           | permission requests, and about safari resistance against
           | google chrome browser monoculture. and y'all lost.
           | 
           | is that crass? I guess, but it doesn't matter, because we
           | have to live with the google browser monoculture anyway. I
           | had some people recently tell me "EU will just regulate it if
           | it becomes a problem!". how long did it take to become a
           | problem? didn't google move pretty much right into the
           | enhanced ad profile thing?
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36823031
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33821820
           | 
           | it is what it is, the laws are passed, but holy shit the
           | arguments have been so transparently bad-faith, or incredibly
           | blind.
           | 
           | I'm just so tired of the fanboy wars and the "wow did you
           | actually read someone advocating resale of stolen/mugged
           | parts to bring prices down". Yes, on HN no less. The android
           | fans are shameless. I'm so tired of the "wow iPhone fans are
           | brainless" (earlier this week). Etc.
           | 
           | It's become so casually normalized for android fanboys to be
           | toxic and gloat about anyone who calls it out. It's so
           | fucking weird. When did this happen. 2012? 2014?
           | 
           | And no, there is no iPhone contingent going around calling
           | android people brainless blue bubble sheeple or saying that
           | their purchase melted their brains etc. it's crazy. I am so
           | tired of the way the android contingent _casually_
           | misbehaves, everything is brainless this and brain-rotted
           | that and sheeple this.
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37491711
        
             | p_j_w wrote:
             | The people you're trying to embarrass by linking here look
             | pretty reasonable.
             | 
             | >there is no iPhone contingent going around calling android
             | people brainless blue bubble sheeple
             | 
             | On HN? Maybe not. Out in real life? Yes, there absolutely
             | is. I recently got an iPhone, and the number of people who
             | said something along the lines of "OMG you finally got an
             | iPhone, yay!" was fucking obnoxious.
        
         | tzs wrote:
         | It also looks like it doesn't apply to all-terrain vehicles, or
         | to machinery, equipment, implements, or attachments used for or
         | in connection with:
         | 
         | 1. Lawn, garden, golf course, landscaping, or grounds
         | maintenance,
         | 
         | 2. Planting, cultivating, irrigating, harvesting, and producing
         | agricultural or forestry products,
         | 
         | 3. Raising, feeding, or tending to, or harvesting products
         | from, livestock and any other activity in connection with those
         | activities,
         | 
         | 4. Industrial, construction, maintenance, mining, or utility
         | activities or applications, including, but not limited to,
         | material handling equipment,
         | 
         | although that exclusion does not apply to "self-propelled
         | vehicles designed primarily for the transportation of persons
         | or property on a street or highway" even if they are used for
         | one of the above things.
         | 
         | There is also an exclusion for alarm systems, which are "an
         | assembly of equipment and devices arranged to detect a hazard
         | or signal the presence of an off-normal situation".
        
           | Sindisil wrote:
           | AKA the John Deere exception.
           | 
           | FFS, Deere's egregious behavior is a large part of the push
           | for RTR legislation.
           | 
           | Disappointing, if not unsurprising.
        
             | deelowe wrote:
             | And as planned, were sitting here blaming Deere and not the
             | politicians who allow this to happen. Deere is simply
             | looking out for its best interests. The real scum are these
             | so called "representatives" who place corporate interests
             | over small businesses and citizens.
             | 
             | Walk through your local Lowe's and home Depot and take a
             | close look at their lawn equipment. It's all junk that will
             | be thrown away in a decade. Plastic bushings, plastic
             | spindles, flimsy exhaust mounts, etc. If you seriously take
             | the time to look closely, you can see where you they are
             | engineered to fail.
             | 
             | Even contractor brands like Stihl are starting to do this
             | stuff. Most of their trimmers now do not have a grease fill
             | port on the head. To make matters worse, replacing a head
             | costs almost as much as an entire trimmer...
        
               | Sindisil wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
               | babypuncher wrote:
               | Those representatives get elected because wealthy
               | companies like John Deere spend lots of money to make
               | sure that happens.
               | 
               | Take the money out of politics. Pass strict campaign
               | finance reform laws, kill super PACs, and put severe
               | limitations on what qualifies as "lobbying", and a lot of
               | these problems will go away.
        
               | p_j_w wrote:
               | >The real scum are these so called "representatives" who
               | place corporate interests over small businesses and
               | citizens.
               | 
               | I don't see why we can't find both to be scum.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | Because only one is being paid for by public funds to be
               | impartial.
        
               | pengaru wrote:
               | Clearly one side is giving substantially more.
        
               | AYBABTME wrote:
               | The corporation can also be scum by virtue of being an
               | unpleasant actor in society.
        
               | standardUser wrote:
               | You can call them "scum" if it makes you feel better. But
               | even if the greatest shame campaign the world has ever
               | seen was to miraculously convince John Deere to change
               | their ways, other companies would just step in and take
               | advantage of the system the same way John Deere has.
               | 
               | The only solution is to change the rules.
        
               | erulabs wrote:
               | Yes but it's much harder calculus. What's the net of a
               | very large tractor manufacturer existing or not existing?
               | If they lobby in a way you don't like but they also cause
               | cereals to be 15% cheaper, how can you calculate their
               | "unpleasant"-ness?
               | 
               | A public official taking a contribution in return for
               | carving out an exception in a law is quite an easy one.
        
               | AYBABTME wrote:
               | If the politician is scum as a result of having ought to
               | judge the corporations' lobby as being scum, then it
               | follows that the politician is able to come up with a
               | calculus where the corporation is scum. And if the
               | politician is able to, so am I.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | The same calculus applies to the politician, you're just
               | imparting certain social duties on one and not the other.
               | 
               | If you want to know why american society is prone to this
               | sort of privitized corruption: this is it. Business is
               | seen as a pure mechanism, but politics is a place of
               | hyper-individualized duty.
               | 
               | In europe, i think the reverse is more often true.
               | Businesses are seen in personalized ways, as having
               | explicit social duties compromised by greed; and politics
               | is a pure mechanism.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | Erm no - businesses can also be moral. In fact there's an
               | enormous social pressure to look good. That's why people
               | get fired for things that happen on Twitter.
               | 
               | The only difference is businesses get money for doing
               | something someone else wants, and they need to keep doing
               | that. Politicians take your money and can't even do the
               | one thing they should be doing: be impartial and
               | resistant to even more free money.
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | >Erm no - businesses can also be moral.
               | 
               | That's my point. We agree.
               | 
               | > businesses get money for doing something someone else
               | wants > Politicians take your money and can't even do the
               | one thing they should be doing
               | 
               | ^ Here is my issue. This is a cognitive-dissonance. You
               | can equally say: businesses failing their social duty
               | aren't giving society what it wants; rather, they are
               | sating the greed of their customers, shareholders and
               | execs.
               | 
               | Whereas politicians are balancing competing power
               | interests into a compromise piece of legislation with a
               | chance of being passed, and thereby improving the
               | situation; if, very imperfectly.
               | 
               | You see, under these reframings it is the biz failing,
               | not the polician.
               | 
               | to be clear, I do not agree with either framing. My point
               | is only how quickly americans adopt this "if someone's
               | buying, it's excusable" morality as applied to business.
               | As-if politics were a place of heroic powerful
               | individuals, and business merely a mechanism.
               | 
               | The reality is both is true of both. Business can be held
               | to much higher standards; and politicans can be more
               | subtly understood.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | > My point is only how quickly americans adopt this "if
               | someone's buying, it's excusable" morality as applied to
               | business.
               | 
               | I'm not sure why you're talking about Americans, but my
               | point is that the main thing a business does is create
               | employment and useful goods or services.
               | 
               | > As-if politics were a place of heroic powerful
               | individuals, and business merely a mechanism.
               | 
               | No, creating employment and useful goods or services is
               | extremely important and heroic. It's just different to
               | being the person who takes money from others on the sole
               | basis that he/she will be impartial and not take bribes.
        
               | AYBABTME wrote:
               | > I'm not sure why you're talking about Americans
               | 
               | As a foreigner in America, I think America is culturally
               | particularly business oriented and holds favorable views
               | on business activities (until they get too large and
               | obscure, then they become led by lizards or some such),
               | and in particular I think the average person here is more
               | prone to think that it's ok for a business or person to
               | seek to maximize their position in the market by almost
               | any legal means. As in, if the player is good at the
               | game, you can't blame the player (up to a point).
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | They should maximise by legal means. That's how you get
               | better service, lower prices and better products. That's
               | why computers aren't $1m each or still in the KHz CPU
               | range. Or why every company is now making electric cars.
               | Or... why most things are as good as they are.
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | But that's an naive ideological take on the virtues of
               | business; whilst at the same time you offer a naive
               | cynical take on the vices of politics.
               | 
               | D'you not see this sort of double-think taking place?
               | 
               | Exactly the same naive gloss can be given of policitians:
               | their compromises are part of the democratic process by
               | which competing power interests are balanced without
               | oppression. There are no Company Stores, or Company
               | Scrips because corporate power is given "an inch" but no
               | more. And there are FDAs and the like because Society
               | gets its two inches. And so on.
               | 
               | Politicans are creatures of a mechanism as much as
               | businesses.
               | 
               | This "reduce one to mere mechanism, but not the other" is
               | pure naive ideology.
               | 
               | Business does not "offer better prices" etc. through this
               | mechanism. It offers prices every bit as flawed as
               | politics offers policies.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | > But that's an naive ideological take on the virtues of
               | business; whilst at the same time you offer a naive
               | cynical take on the vices of politics.
               | 
               | I don't think that's a virtue of businesses. It's their
               | primary function, and their primary good: producing
               | useful stuff or services for their customers, and
               | employment to their employees. The more useful their
               | product/service, the more money they get, and the better
               | their customers' and employees' lives will be. If they
               | campaign to make that easier by making regulation less
               | onerous, that's in pursuit of those primary goals.
               | 
               | That's different to a government job (e.g. in regulation-
               | setting/enforcing) where their sole job is to set and
               | maintain good standards in their area. They provide no
               | value other than that, and if they aren't even doing
               | that, then they're worse than useless. They're useless
               | _and_ they cost money we aren 't allowed to refuse to
               | pay.
        
               | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
               | > you can see where you they are engineered to fail
               | 
               | Really? Please give an example. I have been hearing this
               | for at least the last 15 years and have yet to find
               | someone who can offer an example of anything that was
               | "engineered to fail" when challenged. Not saying it
               | doesn't exist, but I'd just like to see a single example
               | of it happening.
               | 
               | Sacrificial parts that are designed to fail in order to
               | mitigate a more serious failure do not count for the
               | purposes of this request -- that's just Good Engineering
               | Practice.
        
               | nivenhuh wrote:
               | Kitchen aid stand mixers converted from using metal
               | gearing to plastic gearing in their consumer stand
               | mixers. After a certain amount of use, the gear wears out
               | and costs $50 for a replacement.
               | 
               | The commercial line still uses metal gears. The
               | maintenance on it is to check grease/lubricant after a
               | certain amount of use.
               | 
               | (We used the stand mixer daily. Our home edition lasted
               | 6-9 months before needing a gear change. The commercial
               | edition has been going strong for a few years now.)
               | 
               | I'm sure there's a reason why they moved to a fail-safe
               | gear for consumer use -- but as a consumer -- I have no
               | clue what that reason is. (We do ask a lot of our mixer
               | tho!)
        
               | vineyardmike wrote:
               | > I'm sure there's a reason why they moved to a fail-safe
               | gear for consumer use -- but as a consumer -- I have no
               | clue what that reason is.
               | 
               | As someone who just infrequently uses their gifted
               | kitchen aid mixer let me offer a new perspective.
               | 
               | I'd be ill-inclined to use it if I had to oil my kitchen
               | equipment. That's the reality. I use it once a month, and
               | i would be turned off if I had to add lubricant. I'm an
               | engineer, I get why it's good, I get the purpose, but
               | it's just one more chore I wouldn't do.
        
               | aeyes wrote:
               | Does the plastic gear break if you attempt to recreate
               | "will it blend" videos at home? They probably try to sell
               | this as a safety feature.
        
               | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
               | I have one of those mixers and I've replaced the
               | sacrificial gear at least 3 times, although I usually get
               | the gears for far less than $50. I gotta learn to not
               | overload it with bread dough :-)
               | 
               | Based on what I see when I open up the unit, the reason
               | they don't have an all metal gear train is that doing
               | that would impose the need for higher strength on
               | everything in the transmission and the chassis up to the
               | motor. That would increase the cost to the point where it
               | would cut into sales.
               | 
               | The larger consumer mixers (6qt?) are built more heavy
               | duty since I know that they can take a larger vertical
               | load, but I don't know if they also have the nylon gear.
        
               | winrid wrote:
               | They can use glass reinforced plastic instead, and
               | powdered metal or nylon gears like the mid range $150
               | consumer drills...
        
               | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
               | I think I may have misunderstood GP's post. I thought
               | they meant that one of the gears was changed to plastic
               | (as in mine) with the rest remaining metal. But it's more
               | likely that they meant that the newer models are now
               | using a fully plastic geartrain based on what I've read
               | since.
        
               | kortex wrote:
               | Why not a shear pin? There's no need to make the (more
               | expensive) gears the shear point when you can use a
               | pennies-each shear pin (or shaft, or similar).
        
               | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
               | No idea. I didn't design the thing :-)
        
               | winrid wrote:
               | Usually by using very cheap bearings which last just past
               | the warranty period and cheaping out on reinforcement in
               | critical areas. The AvE YouTube channel covers lots of
               | this with his BOLTR teardowns.
        
               | deaddodo wrote:
               | I think people should rephrase it to "not engineered to
               | last/repair". This is a much easier metric to point out
               | and is about equivalent (though, less nefarious) to what
               | they mean.
               | 
               | If you use that metric, it's insanely easy to quantify.
               | Just look at the average refrigerator today, compared to
               | one from the 50s-70s. It's a fraction of the cost, but
               | it's built from cheaper/less reliable parts in a repair-
               | unfriendly (but quick to produce) manner. The idea being
               | that you'll buy a new fridge every 8-12 years and recycle
               | (ideally) the old one, versus spending the cost of a car
               | on one and keeping it for a generation or two. _This_ is
               | what planned obsolescence means, usually.
               | 
               | The only nefariously _intended_ to  "break" items that I
               | can think of are electronic devices that are unrootable
               | and rely on third-party networked services.
        
               | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
               | Oh, I completely agree with you on that. Most consumer
               | items are built to a price point. If you're building to
               | sell at a low price, you have to keep Bill of Materials
               | cost low to make selling the thing worthwhile, so it's
               | not surprising that, e.g., a cheap riding mower is made
               | from thin stamped steel chassis whereas a commercial one
               | is mostly heavy weldments that hold up to being banged
               | around for hours each day.
               | 
               | I'm not being difficult. When I read "engineered to fail"
               | that's not the impression I get from the statement.
        
               | deaddodo wrote:
               | > I'm not being difficult. When I read "engineered to
               | fail" that's not the impression I get from the statement.
               | 
               | I agree with you. I think people mean something else
               | entirely, colloquially. Which is why I distinguished for
               | clarity.
               | 
               | I think the people who came up with the concept of
               | "planned obsolescence" meant something entirely different
               | to the zeitgeist meaning. That is, building something
               | cheap with the intention of consistent replacements
               | versus building something expensive with
               | support/operational costs ongoing. One guarantees you
               | return to them, the other you're just as likely to seek
               | services elsewhere.
               | 
               | The zeitgeist took that and morphed it into "they
               | _actively_ engineer /design parts that will fail after
               | two years".
        
               | derefr wrote:
               | Honestly seems to me that some BOMs (and therefore some
               | practically-achievable price-points) should be illegal,
               | then. You shouldn't be allowed to market something as a
               | mower, if it's built such that the _act of mowing_
               | gradually shakes the mower apart.
               | 
               | Yes, a change like this would mean that, _in the short
               | term_ , there'd suddenly be no "consumer" version of many
               | products. But that'd _only_ be the short term. In the
               | medium term, I 'd expect heavy pressure for innovation in
               | materials science, with all these companies that were
               | fine with plastics before, suddenly investing money and
               | labor into operationalization of e.g. scaling carbon-
               | fiber production.
        
               | ultrarunner wrote:
               | This sounds like me like an inquiry into "quality" and an
               | attempt to make illegal those products lacking a certain
               | quality.
               | 
               | I generally call these products "<thing> shaped objects",
               | e.g. a helmet shaped object that has all the outward
               | appearance of an actual helmet, but does little to
               | protect the wearer in the event of a crash. "DOT
               | standards!" you might object, but DOT is generally known
               | to be the worst standard in the world, often holding the
               | industry back instead of moving it forward. If the
               | department of transportation is unable to properly
               | regulate safety equipment like helmets, I'm not sure I
               | expect better results from a government committee
               | intended to regulate the quality of nearly everything.
               | 
               | This, of course, assumes that one can not only define
               | "quality", but determine a threshold on a spectrum that
               | delineates legality. Or maybe we'll just accept Tsars
               | that "know it when they see it."
        
               | derefr wrote:
               | Yes, there is no _general_ definition of  "quality." But
               | every industry and product has its own internal, domain-
               | specific definition of quality. For hard drives,
               | "quality" is MTBF. For batteries, "quality" is measured
               | in loss of charge capacity per charge cycle.
               | 
               | Or let me put it this way: the commercial/industrial
               | versions of these products do some things differently.
               | Why do they do those things? To increase "quality." If
               | the industry didn't know what its "quality" metric was,
               | then it would be impossible for them to make the
               | commercial/industrial product "better" for long-term
               | commercial/industrial use than the consumer one.
               | 
               | In any industry where the commercial/industrial version
               | of a product -- one that lasts decades in heavy use -- is
               | already an existence proof for the possibility of
               | "quality" in the product category, you can simply
               | regulate that the consumer version must _also_ be made to
               | last at least N years of regular consumer-duty use. Doesn
               | 't matter _how_ they accomplish that. Maybe they _can 't_
               | accomplish that, with positive margins, at a price point
               | anyone is willing to buy, at first. Oh well. Keep trying.
               | 
               | Compare/contrast: FDA stage-3 drug trials -- the trial
               | phase that tests drug efficacy. It's up to the drug's
               | manufacturer to declare to the FDA what _effect_ the drug
               | is supposed to have -- it 's the very same effect the
               | company is applying to the FDA to be able to _market_ the
               | drug as having. An efficacy trial, is simply the FDA
               | demanding, from a drug 's manufacturer, proof positive of
               | its own planned marketing claims about the drug. That
               | efficacy proof uses metrics specific to the pathology
               | that the drug treats -- and likely metrics invented by
               | the drug manufacturer themselves, while researching the
               | problem. But crucially, the manufacturer, before even
               | starting the trial, has to convince the FDA that _these
               | metrics_ are sensible ones to measure efficacy by; and
               | also has to work with the FDA to reach a consensus on
               | what would constitute a satisfactory level of efficacy
               | for their drug (i.e. what metrics thresholds are meant by
               | a marketing claim like  "relieves headaches.")
        
               | ultrarunner wrote:
               | If the industry is already able to determine quality, how
               | do you propose to wrest that design process--
               | enforceably, and without destroying value-- and place it
               | in the hands of aging politicians? The FDA example is a
               | good one, with complaints like American sunscreen and
               | toothpaste being subpar, and amid news that Phenylephrine
               | is effectively a placebo (and was not the manufacturers'
               | first choice).
               | 
               | Would I enjoy high quality items? As someone shopping for
               | a new toaster after ours simply stopped working (and
               | after allowing my son to disassemble it both impressed
               | and appalled at its design), in a word, yes! I suspect,
               | however, that attempting to centrally plan quality would
               | merely achieve a lower standard of living for most
               | people. Telling the average person "you're not allowed to
               | buy that because we deemed it to not be high enough
               | quality (trust us)" and following up with "Oh well" seems
               | well meaning but, respectfully, out of touch.
        
               | derefr wrote:
               | > I suspect, however, that attempting to centrally plan
               | quality would merely achieve a lower standard of living
               | for most people.
               | 
               | My feeling is different, and comes from an intuition
               | about capitalism:
               | 
               | * Companies will make money the easiest way that they
               | can, with regard for any kind of unenforced "code of
               | ethics" being a path-dependent rarity, rather than
               | something common.
               | 
               | * But companies _do_ have the internal talent to solve
               | problems in more challenging, constrained, and ultimately
               | useful /ethical ways, _if_ they 're simply prevented
               | (through regulation) from choosing the "easy way out."
               | 
               | If you allow a game studio to put slot machines in front
               | of children, then that's what they're going to do to
               | maximize ROI. If you _don 't_ permit them to do that,
               | then the market demand for "games" is still going to
               | drive them -- or at least, one of their competitors -- to
               | ship some actual video games that are fun-qua-fun rather
               | than being addictive and money-sucking.
               | 
               | If you allow a drug manufacturer to make an "anti-colic"
               | baby formula that contains heroin, then that's what
               | they're going to do. (And did! The early 1900s were
               | wild!) If you prevent them from doing that, then the
               | demand that still exists is going to force them [or one
               | of their competitors] to put some research into how to
               | actually address colic _without_ just effectively putting
               | the kids in a coma. And someone 's going to figure it
               | out.
               | 
               | If you let companies sell asbestos insulation, then
               | that'd be what they'd do -- it's the cheapest insulation
               | to manufacture, and so it'd also be the cheapest
               | insulation to buy if it were on the market. If you
               | prevent them from doing that, then they'll have to get
               | off their asses and innovate up a cheaper form of non-
               | asbestosis-causing insulation.
               | 
               | I don't see why "you can't market this as a 'lawnmower'
               | if it shakes itself apart after eight months; try again"
               | is all that different from "you can't market this as
               | 'building insulation' if it destroys your lungs; try
               | again." In both cases, I'd expect the continued market
               | demand + supply-side talent-base to come together to
               | solve the problem a better way.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | >Sacrificial parts that are designed to fail in order to
               | mitigate a more serious failure do not count for the
               | purposes of this request -- that's just Good Engineering
               | Practice.
               | 
               | Except when that part breaks and the company does not
               | make replacements available and the product was not meant
               | to be taken apart to replace it. Mechanical fuses only
               | work when you can easily buy and replace the mechanical
               | fuse and ALSO fix whatever caused the failure in the
               | first place. Otherwise it's just a weak link.
        
               | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
               | Yes, but.
               | 
               | That designed-in weak link that you can't fix could be
               | the difference between you being pissed off because your
               | machine doesn't work anymore and you losing a hand.
        
               | winrid wrote:
               | That's just not the thought process. A vacuum with a
               | cheap motor isn't going to have trouble hurting your
               | fingers if you stick them in the brush at the right
               | angle. But the bearings will wear out in 5 years.
               | 
               | Another is drills with cheap housings or gears. The drill
               | will happily rip a glove off and de-skin you. But it'll
               | still wear out faster than if it had metal gears or a
               | tougher housing.
               | 
               | Usually safety is an _expense_. Extra sensors, very
               | carefully engineered weak links that suddenly break under
               | load.
               | 
               | Another counter example to your point is my automated
               | litter box. It has a pinch sensor for safety reasons,
               | which is made of two metal contacts. This sensor is
               | directly above the pee/poop so it corrodes and I have to
               | take out like 20 screws in a machine filled with poop to
               | fix it, like every year. They could just have added a
               | plastic cover and one screw to protect the contacts, but
               | no.
               | 
               | Probably the only thing I can think of to support your
               | argument is cars. The front end of a car is plastic and
               | metal designed to absorb energy in an impact. But
               | household stuff...
        
               | kortex wrote:
               | I owned a treadmill (second-hand, details long forgotten,
               | sorry) which had two long steel rails (running the length
               | of the machine) for the main structure. The brackets
               | which connected the rails on the front side were steel,
               | but the ones on the back of the machine were inexplicably
               | plastic. There were major load paths (cyclical loading
               | from running) going straight through these brackets to
               | the feet. Between the wear and plastic embrittlement,
               | these parts were the first to fail, and the entire rest
               | of the machine was in decent condition (easily years of
               | life left).
               | 
               | There was nothing particularly complex about that part,
               | they could have easily used steel brackets. I can't help
               | but feel like it was designed for a specific lifespan.
        
               | aubanel wrote:
               | The father of a friend worked at a high position at
               | Canon. For a specific enterprise command, the client
               | company wanted printers with a lifetime 20,000 copies
               | instead of the base 10,000. Canon went "no problem, we'll
               | see with our engineers" and actually they only had to
               | remove a small device which was basically a print counter
               | and would artificially block the ink input at approx
               | 10,000 copies. So nothing to do with good engineering,
               | only bad business practices.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _so called "representatives" who place corporate
               | interests over small businesses and citizens_
               | 
               | California farmers have more influence in Sacramento than
               | John Deere. Either they didn't engage in this fight. Or
               | there is a reason they would want this exempted.
        
               | maerF0x0 wrote:
               | And every time the citizenry tries to use regulation to
               | reign in a megacorp it ends up creating more burden for
               | that company's competition. megacorps legal team can
               | easily squeeze into the loop holes, but mom and pops (and
               | entrepreneurs) get ground up like cheap meat.
        
               | pc86 wrote:
               | Then exceptions (if any exist) should be based on company
               | revenue (to include any and all holding companies), not
               | what the tool or device does.
               | 
               | Require Deere to make RTR easily available, let small
               | upstarts focus on the product
        
               | maerF0x0 wrote:
               | So I definitely prefer this, and this is used to be a
               | sort of unspoken rule in Canadian law. The law just had
               | this bias built into for the "little guy" in the fight.
               | Seems to have changed under the current Fuhrer, at least
               | from a non-resident's perspective. IMO that's the right
               | bias to have to counter the matthew effect in Capitalism.
        
           | salawat wrote:
           | So, it applies to basically nothing at all important that
           | wasn't already covered in one way shape or form?
           | 
           | Hell, the last paragraph on the alarm bits basically opens
           | the door so damn wide, this moght as well have not even been
           | drafted.
        
           | MetaWhirledPeas wrote:
           | > Lawn, garden, golf course, landscaping, or grounds
           | maintenance
           | 
           | Tim Cook: _And one more thing... iPhone 16 can control your
           | lawn mower!_
        
             | lesuorac wrote:
             | I mean iPhones (and other phones) have apps that help you
             | identify weeds and the like.
             | 
             | Don't iPhones have that earthquake detection as well so
             | they might as well be an alarm device.
        
           | mdgrech23 wrote:
           | This country has become such an effing joke. This story of
           | exceptions for big companies and the rich repeats itself over
           | and over.
        
           | derefr wrote:
           | To me, it'd make sense in theory to carve out these
           | exceptions even _without_ a lobbyist asking for them: it 'd
           | make for a bill that gets immediately passed rather than
           | endlessly argued about and shot down, because a bill _with_
           | these exceptions has nobody on the other side of it pushing
           | back. And that could just be the first step; you could then
           | do a series of smaller bills (or better yet, riders to must-
           | pass bills) that each try to knock out one of these
           | exceptions.
           | 
           | In practice, though, I feel like the exemptions here will be
           | interpreted as part of the "spirit of the bill" rather than
           | examples of realpolitik expediency...
        
         | johnday wrote:
         | Without trying to defend this particular carve-out, I would
         | suggest that things like computers and video game consoles are
         | improving in capability over a much faster time scale than TVs
         | and video cameras. Hence there is much less of an expectation
         | of longevity / relevance than with other tech goods.
         | 
         | That said, the same argument could be made for mobile phones as
         | well, so it's clearly spurious.
        
           | InSteady wrote:
           | >Hence there is much less of an expectation of longevity /
           | relevance than with other tech goods.
           | 
           | These kinds of arguments are hollow. Especially in gaming, if
           | you make a good console with good games, people will want to
           | hang on to them and play them for literally decades. But even
           | ignoring that specific aspect of gaming culture, it really
           | should not be up to some top-down, self-serving analysis
           | about what most consumers should expect. Otherwise it's just
           | a race to making the least consumer-friendly product so you
           | can make legal/political arguments about consumers obviously
           | want to buy expensive garbage which they expect to break
           | beyond repair in a few years at best.
        
           | KptMarchewa wrote:
           | That argument made sense 10 years ago, but since then we've
           | seen a lot of slowdown in computers, consoles and mobile
           | phone progress, while TVs have overcome the LCD slump.
           | 
           | The value difference between 10 year old console (PS4!) and
           | new one, can be smaller than 10 year old LCD vs new OLED.
        
             | mcpackieh wrote:
             | This is absolutely true when you look at hardware from
             | today vs 10 years ago, then do the same comparison between
             | the 90s and 80s or even 00s and 90s. People are playing
             | basically the same manner of game now and 10 years ago, but
             | between the 80s and 90s there was radical change in
             | technology in a way that shaped the development of entirely
             | new video game genres. Video game development since about
             | the early to mid 00s has been mostly a matter of
             | refinement, very little has been truly revolutionary.
        
             | inetknght wrote:
             | > > _Without trying to defend this particular carve-out, I
             | would suggest that things like computers and video game
             | consoles are improving in capability over a much faster
             | time scale than TVs and video cameras. Hence there is much
             | less of an expectation of longevity / relevance than with
             | other tech goods._
             | 
             | I disagree with your point, but I'll reply to this one:
             | 
             | > _That argument made sense 10 years ago, but since then we
             | 've seen a lot of slowdown in computers, consoles and
             | mobile phone progress_
             | 
             | That argument doesn't made even less sense 10 years ago in
             | my opinion. When things are moving fastest (eg, most
             | profitable) is when parts must be made available for
             | consumers to repair themselves. When things are moving
             | slower, then the IP/schematics should absolutely be
             | provided if nobody is willing to make the parts.
        
               | anonymousab wrote:
               | Video game console gens last longer and have continued
               | software support for longer than Android phones.
        
               | inetknght wrote:
               | Honestly though: how long something lasts shouldn't
               | matter, companies should still be forced to provide
               | support for things they sell, or else to provide their
               | IP/schematics so that other people can support the trash
               | that was sold.
        
           | Kirby64 wrote:
           | It makes less sense. Video game consoles typically run 5-10
           | year cycles. If anything, supporting repair on them should be
           | easier, because you can play the same games on the console at
           | very first release as you can on the console sold right
           | before they discontinue them. PCs and phones get updates
           | yearly, and a 10 year old PC certainly can't play the same
           | games as a brand new one.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | Speaking of video game consoles I remember finding out that
         | Nintendo would still "repair" a GameCube without composite out
         | into one with it for years and years after the GameCube was not
         | sold new.
        
           | hermannj314 wrote:
           | I dont want to start a war with any right-to-repair purists,
           | but I do think in lieu of offering 7 years of parts a company
           | that makes reasonable low-cost (or free) replacement a simple
           | request for 7 years would also be meeting the needs of most
           | consumers. And a lot of video game consoles have very liberal
           | policies already toward this regard.
           | 
           | Some products are significantly cheaper to replace than
           | repair, even if they cost more than $99.
        
             | ncallaway wrote:
             | my only concern with this exception is it creates a
             | monopoly, which then needs to be carefully regulated at
             | multiple levels.
             | 
             | Yes, we can regulate the price, but if only the original
             | vendor can perform repairs we might also need to regulate
             | quality and timeliness (similar to how lemon laws for cars
             | often specificy a maximum number of repair attempts, or
             | hours away from the owner for repairs, before the vehicle
             | must be refunded).
             | 
             | I think it's an okay approach, but I also think it requires
             | a heavier hand from the government, and from ongoing
             | oversight, than letting the market figure out reasonable
             | rates for a repair.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | ALL of these various "consumer protection" laws can be
               | gamed by the biggest players, so they have to carefully
               | vetted before they go live.
               | 
               | Basing them on the already-existing protections around
               | the auto industry is probably a decent place to start.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | A defined "support period" with relatively bounded costs is
             | all we really need, I agree.
             | 
             | Knowing that if I buy a technology product that is more
             | than $100, it will either work for 5 years (or whatever) or
             | be repairable for some fraction of the original cost, would
             | make me satisfied.
        
         | JohnFen wrote:
         | I think it says a lot about the terrible state of things that
         | such mild and inadequate legislation as this can be
         | characterized as "the strongest yet".
         | 
         | Don't get me wrong, any progress is good, but this is, at best,
         | a very tiny baby step.
        
         | tomhallett wrote:
         | I'm wondering if it was a carve out that was easy to give,
         | doesn't water it down too much and is helpful for other
         | politics:
         | 
         | * Sony produces semi-conductors and movies (Sony Pictures,
         | Columbia, Tristar)
         | 
         | * Microsoft is big in enterprise cloud (ie: government)
         | 
         | * the impact of people being forced to upgrade their phone
         | because they can't fix it, is probably larger than people being
         | forced to upgrade their game system because they can't fix it
         | 
         | Note: I 100% agree with you. I see video games as the same as
         | all other consumer electronics which were included, but I can
         | see if Sony/Microsoft came complaining, it's a good bargaining
         | chip/favor for other initiatives.
        
           | bluejekyll wrote:
           | I'm actually more surprised that they didn't cave to Apple.
           | In either direction. Apple should have been kicking and
           | screaming to have no exemptions.
           | 
           | Alternatively, the iPhone and AppleTV, and all their
           | computers will now be redefined as gaming consoles (which
           | honestly, what's the technical difference)
        
             | xethos wrote:
             | The trillion dollar behemoth famous for having few models
             | can afford to stock parts for seven years. Can Motorola, or
             | the smartphone or laptop arm of Lenovo (industries with
             | famously low margins) justify staying in the space and
             | competing with Apple?
        
             | joking wrote:
             | Why would Apple complain? You can repair a phone screen as
             | long as you pay 50% off the price of the original phone. As
             | long as they control the supply of components and are able
             | to price them as they wise, it's a win win for them. The
             | difference between Apple and any other phone, is that Apple
             | has maybe 15 different models to support that each one has
             | been sold by millions of units, meanwhile there are
             | thousands of different android phone models.
        
             | shaftway wrote:
             | > which honestly, what's the technical difference
             | 
             | According to the Tetris movie, it's that they don't have a
             | keyboard and they are expected to stay in one spot.
        
         | BLanen wrote:
         | Carving that exemption out afterwards seems easier now too.
        
         | grecy wrote:
         | > _got a nice re-election contribution_
         | 
         | It's bribery. They were paid a Bribe. Use the word.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | FloatArtifact wrote:
       | I cannot emphasize this enough. It does not force manufacturers
       | to provide individual parts. What does this mean? Considered the
       | following scenarios.
       | 
       | Key Currently: state of average repair Repairability: the ideal
       | method to repair
       | 
       | - Replace the keyboard on the laptop Reality: Purchase the
       | keyboard/top cover assembly Repairability: purchase keyboard only
       | 
       | - Broken cable to usb daughter board Reality: purchase data board
       | assembly to obtain cable. Repairability: purchase daughter board
       | cable.
       | 
       | - Motherboard no longer charges battery Current: replace
       | motherboard Repairability: replace capacitors utilizing
       | schematics
       | 
       | - Faulty Mac magnetic sleep sensor Reality: Go through "genius
       | bar" to replace assembly Repairability: purchase sleep sensor,
       | pair/calibrate with to macbook serial number because many of
       | their parts are serialized.
       | 
       | Summary do we have access to following?
       | 
       | - Schematics and documentation - OEM software working with
       | serialized parts and calibration - Individual parts and
       | components not just assemblies. Cables are a great example.
       | 
       | Not all of these scenarios the end user can do easily however,
       | independence pair shops can with a proper support.
        
         | j16sdiz wrote:
         | > - Motherboard no longer charges battery Current: replace
         | motherboard Repairability: replace capacitors utilizing
         | schematics
         | 
         | Some marginally related remarks:
         | 
         | Most faulty capacitors were manufactured around 2000s ( see
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor_plague ). Those days
         | are long gone. Most battery charging issue now are unrelated to
         | capacitor .
         | 
         | l
        
           | FloatArtifact wrote:
           | > > - Motherboard no longer charges battery Current: replace
           | motherboard Repairability: replace capacitors utilizing
           | schematics
           | 
           | > Some marginally related remarks:
           | 
           | > Most faulty capacitors were manufactured around 2000s ( see
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor_plague ). Those
           | days are long gone. Most battery charging issue now are
           | unrelated to capacitor .
           | 
           | > l
           | 
           | While that's true the point still stands that we don't have
           | access to supply chain parts to fix reparable charging
           | issues.
        
       | passwordoops wrote:
       | Used to work in Europe for a CA based company. Every tender
       | required _at least_ 7 years of support, sometimes 10, including
       | all parts. Good to see them catching up
        
         | robertlagrant wrote:
         | > Used to work in Europe for a CA based company. Every tender
         | required at least 7 years of support, sometimes 10, including
         | all parts. Good to see them catching up
         | 
         | This is for consumer goods. It's not the same. Consumers could
         | always decide to only buy things with 7 years of support, like
         | your tender process.
         | 
         | The "catching up" nonsense isn't great either.
        
         | solardev wrote:
         | What's a tender and why does it need 7 years of support?
        
           | varjag wrote:
           | A bidding process.
           | 
           | In certain industries life cycle requirements are common
           | (e.g. our customers expect 15 to 20 years of product
           | lifetime) but it is far from universal and isn't enforced by
           | a EU wide law AFAIK.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Yep - if you're a business wanting to buy a million dollar
             | machine to do whatever, you want some assurance that it can
             | be repaired and will be working until replacement time (at
             | least the depreciation schedule, often many MANY years
             | longer).
        
               | solardev wrote:
               | That's amazing. I'm happy when my npm packages last more
               | than 2 months
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Physical things have interesting support - there are
               | actually companies whose entire business model is support
               | equipment from companies that have been gone 40+ years.
        
               | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
               | Right. My little cottage industry/side gig used to build
               | electronic boards that were used to interface 40+ year
               | old machine tools to modern controls when the original
               | controllers broke and replacements weren't available. I
               | sold to a small company that did nothing but retrofits
               | like that.
               | 
               | Really wish I could find more niches like this. It's a
               | boring but profitable domain to get into.
        
             | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
             | Yup. At my last job, we designed our products (medical
             | instruments) for a service life of 15 years and a market
             | lifetime of 25. i.e., from the time the product was
             | released to the market, you could expect Service and
             | Support and spare parts to be available for at least 25
             | years and the device itself was expected to last 15 years
             | in the field.
             | 
             | Of course, I'm talking about large machines that cost
             | between $500k - $1M each, so...
        
       | gryzzly wrote:
       | 7 years is nothing. This is the best we can do, people are
       | doomed.
        
         | mcpackieh wrote:
         | I agree, 7 years should be in the flat plateau of most
         | product's bathtub curves, before most things start failing and
         | consequently need spare parts in the first place. 15 years
         | would be a lot more meaningful, but it really depends on the
         | type of product in question.
        
       | cm2012 wrote:
       | Prediction: the vast majority of people will be unhappy with the
       | results of this bill in 5 years.
        
         | pembrook wrote:
         | You can always spot an emotionally-driven law (as opposed to
         | one driven by logic) by the fact that it requires carve-outs
         | for 75 different edge cases to be passable.
         | 
         | Critics will call this the work of "special interests," but
         | this means the law itself was actually passed to please a
         | special interest group.
         | 
         | If we can agree that's it's a dumb law under that many
         | different scenarios -- then it's not a good piece of
         | legislation.
        
       | throwaway914 wrote:
       | I'm not a lawyer. Would this make it harder to invoke
       | California's Songs-Beverly Act for device replacement?
       | (California's Lemon Law)
       | 
       | Previously, you could buy an appliance >$100 and if it broke in
       | 5-7 years you could ask for service or parts to repair it. If the
       | company cannot produce that, they would be required by law to
       | replace the "thing" with an equivalent or newer product. This
       | looks like the 7 year requirement is on things still being sold.
       | 
       | If companies must retain 7 years of parts now, this kinda closes
       | the loop on getting new stuff in a Planned Obsolescence world. :p
       | 
       | I'll happily take a win for Right to Repair.
        
         | ZoomerCretin wrote:
         | https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtm...
         | 
         | (k) This section shall not apply if the manufacturer provides
         | an equivalent or better, readily available replacement
         | electronic or appliance product at no charge to the customer.
        
           | throwaway914 wrote:
           | Before this, you could take advantage of their poor planning
           | and not keeping parts or offering repair service. Now they're
           | required by law - as long as the product is still being sold.
           | 
           | I liked getting new stuff freely :-)
        
       | hanniabu wrote:
       | As with most regulation, what matters most is what are the
       | consequences if they don't follow? If it's just a slap on the
       | wrist then it'll be more cost effective for them to just eat the
       | penalty than pay to have a surplus of supply manufactured then
       | stored for years.
        
       | uconnectlol wrote:
       | that could be great now how do i make it so i don't need an OS
       | and software in my laundry machine
       | 
       | or any of the other elephants in the room
        
       | Joker_vD wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
         | rascul wrote:
         | Calif. is one way to abbreviate California.
        
           | Joker_vD wrote:
           | Oops, I missed the dot after the "f". The title makes sense
           | now, thank you.
           | 
           | Edit: although that's probably the first time I've seen this
           | abbreviation, it's always either "Cal." or "CA".
        
       | whartung wrote:
       | From the bill:                   above-described electronic or
       | appliance product,
       | 
       | So that means that this is just for electronics and appliances,
       | not vehicles, or anything that's not "electronic or appliance
       | product".
       | 
       | And that means that I will not be able to get a service manual
       | from BMW for my motorcycle, just like I can't today.
       | 
       | Just want to point that detail out.
        
       | ravenstine wrote:
       | This just seems like a new moat the big companies have dug to
       | discourage small companies from breaking into the hardware
       | industry. If this was about the right to repair, then the bill
       | would have been about releasing schematics and preventing anti-
       | repair designs (like the Hall-effect sensor in Macbooks that
       | includes a circuit with the sole purpose of preventing third-
       | party replacement). In actuality, this is against the little guy
       | in two ways; the purpose of forcing repair shops to disclose
       | their use of "unauthorized" parts can only serve to try to
       | discredit them in the eyes of the public. The public just wants
       | their devices to work, but now California wants to scare them
       | with this idea of "unauthorized" parts.
        
         | ecf wrote:
         | Big companies aren't asking for this. Start pointing blame to
         | the consumers who ask for something without realizing the
         | consequences.
        
         | jjtheblunt wrote:
         | why would a big company dig this moat?
         | 
         | (they're already big, which is _the_ moat, since they likely
         | have excellent tech to have become big)
        
           | red-iron-pine wrote:
           | to discourage small companies from breaking into the hardware
           | industry.
           | 
           | said so right in the first sentence.
           | 
           | make it hard for them to get off the ground and either copy
           | it yourself, or buy them out when they're still small.
        
       | turtleyacht wrote:
       | Made me think of this in the accounting chapter of an aged
       | textbook:
       | 
       | ---
       | 
       | For decades companies that stockpile old goods have been "writing
       | down" the value of their inventories. Using the accepted
       | principle of evaluating inventory at the lower of two figures--
       | current market price or the cost to produce--they sharply
       | depreciate the stock to reflect the slow movement of dated parts
       | that may never be sold. (...) the Supreme Court ruled...
       | unless... actually scrapped or offered for sale at the reduced
       | price, write-downs are... illegal.
       | 
       | The Supreme Court Decision in the case of _Thor Power Tool Co.
       | vs. IRS_ meant that Thor had either to sell or scrap its devalued
       | parts or to revalue its inventory and pay back taxes on the basis
       | of new valuation... accountants advised clients to take no
       | action, and the American Institute of Certified Public
       | Accountants notified members that they need not advise clients to
       | seek permission to conform to the Thor Power Tool decision.
       | 
       | The IRS then shocked the accounting community... all improperly
       | devalued inventory still on hand would need to be scrapped or
       | revalued and back taxes paid.1
       | 
       | 1 Jerry Giesel, "Product Liability Suits Jump in '80, Court
       | Report Says," _Business Insurance,_ October 6, 1980, p. 1.
       | 
       | -- _Business Today_ 3e (1982). Random House, Inc.
        
         | smugma wrote:
         | The IRS largely operates on a cash, not accounting/accrual,
         | basis.
         | 
         | Companies still can and do write down inventories all the time.
         | It's just that it doesn't help with the IRS.
        
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