[HN Gopher] The first observation of neutrinos at CERN's Large H...
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       The first observation of neutrinos at CERN's Large Hadron Collider
        
       Author : wglb
       Score  : 50 points
       Date   : 2023-08-29 00:47 UTC (22 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (phys.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (phys.org)
        
       | Aachen wrote:
       | Have I read over it, or does the article not answer the main
       | question I expect most people have with such a headline: how?
       | 
       | The only descriptions I see are "advanced equipment" and that
       | it's 2 meters and has to filter muon background noise. I thought
       | neutrino detections were done with a few cubic kilometers of ice,
       | but there's no mention of that. Does the higher rate of
       | production/concentration simply let them do it with a small
       | device, or is there actually a new invention here?
        
         | jptlnk wrote:
         | I haven't read the full article yet but the abstract has some
         | hints: I think what they're doing is leveraging the fact that
         | they know where and when the neutrinos were created to narrow
         | down the search in the actual neutrino detector itself.
         | 
         | Because they can see the associated muon, they know when to
         | look for a correlated neutrino signal.
         | 
         | Between that and the extremely hot source, they can get away
         | with a relatively small active detector volume.
         | 
         | Again that's just based on my reading of the abstract, I need
         | to see the full article to validate that guess.
        
         | dotnet00 wrote:
         | They seem to point to high flux and high neutrino energy
         | offsetting the weakness of neutrino interaction, with the
         | neutrinos being the highest energy recorded in a lab
         | environment.
        
         | jptlnk wrote:
         | relevant pre-print is here:
         | https://arxiv.org/pdf/2305.08665.pdf
         | 
         | that'll be my evening reading :)
        
           | smaddox wrote:
           | This appears to be the reason:
           | 
           | > Until now no neutrino produced at a particle collider has
           | ever been directly detected. Colliders copiously produce both
           | neutrinos and anti-neutrinos of all flavors, and they do so
           | in a range of very high energies where neutrino interactions
           | have not yet been observed. Nevertheless, collider neutrinos
           | have escaped detection, because they interact extremely
           | weakly, and the highest energy neutrinos, which have the
           | largest probability of interacting, are predominantly
           | produced in the forward region, parallel to the beam line. In
           | 2021, the FASER collaboration identified the first collider
           | neutrino candidates 13 using a 29 kg pilot detector,
           | highlighting the potential of discovering collider neutrinos
           | in LHC collisions.
        
             | aziaziazi wrote:
             | > forward region, parallel to the beam line
             | 
             | What collides here exactly? I always thought collider do
             | throw a particule A in the direction of particule B while B
             | travels in the direction of A, with measure instruments all
             | around but _not_ blocking one of the particule path. The
             | photographie 0 make me wonder if they also crash particules
             | directly into their instruments?
             | 
             | 0 https://scx2.b-cdn.net/gfx/news/hires/2023/the-first-
             | observa...
        
               | prewett wrote:
               | Well, you sort of have to have the particle collide with
               | something in order to detect it. When a photon collides
               | with your retina, you see a flash of light (it causes a
               | protein to twist, which generates an electrical signal,
               | which is sent to your brain). The problem is the
               | neutrinos tend to pass right through without getting
               | absorbed by anything. No absorption, no change, no
               | detection.
               | 
               | So the neutrino has to collide with something to get
               | detected. Given that previous neutrino detections require
               | a large vat of heavy water underground, while the current
               | results are from a little box, the salient question is
               | what did they do differently (and is it applicable
               | elsewhere). The article completely ignores this.
        
       | aziaziazi wrote:
       | > This work has shown that high energy experiments can also study
       | neutrinos, and so has brought together the high-energy and high-
       | intensity frontiers.
       | 
       | Can someone explain to a layman the difference of HE and HI
       | experiments?
        
         | dotnet00 wrote:
         | High energy refers to the energy imparted to particles, high
         | intensity refers to the number of particles (presumably of the
         | particle beams), at least if the terminology is anything
         | similar to synchrotrons.
         | 
         | So a high intensity 3GeV beam would be one where the average
         | particle energy is 3GeV, with a larger number of particles
         | comprising the beam than a low/medium intensity one.
        
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       (page generated 2023-08-29 23:00 UTC)