[HN Gopher] OpenTF announces fork of Terraform
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       OpenTF announces fork of Terraform
        
       Author : cube2222
       Score  : 1584 points
       Date   : 2023-08-25 14:56 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (opentf.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (opentf.org)
        
       | user6723 wrote:
       | What AWS decides to do will determine which way the wind blows on
       | this ultimately.
        
       | mdaniel wrote:
       | I don't see any mention of migrating the issues over, is that
       | part of the plan?
       | 
       | I also don't have a good grasp of what the situation is for the
       | in-flight PRs for Hashicorp's repo: are those changes still MPL
       | until they land in "main" and get BuSL-ed? IOW, is the PR author
       | responsible for resubmitting or could any such patches be pulled
       | in safely (err, DCO and CLA nonsense aside)?
        
         | voakbasda wrote:
         | I would suggest that PR authors should resubmit their work to
         | OpenTF, closing the old PR.
         | 
         | Even better would to leave a note rescinding permission for
         | Hashicorp to include that work, though I'm not sure whether
         | that is a viable strategy.
         | 
         | At the very least, these steps will create more work for
         | Hashicorp and send a clear signal that the community thinks
         | that they have made a mistake.
        
           | phyzome wrote:
           | > Even better would to leave a note rescinding permission for
           | Hashicorp to include that work, though I'm not sure whether
           | that is a viable strategy.
           | 
           | I don't see how that would work. If a valid offer has already
           | been made under a license agreement, it's then entirely up to
           | Hashicorp whether to merge it or not.
        
             | voakbasda wrote:
             | I would argue that the license change constitutes a
             | material breach of whatever agreement existed previously,
             | but IANAL so what do I know.
             | 
             | Regardless, the legality of it does not matter. The already
             | significant social consequence would be compounded if they
             | chose to merge something that the contributor no longer
             | wanted to see merged. It might be legal, but it treads even
             | further into an ethical gray area.
        
         | Coryodaniel wrote:
         | Responded on a similar Q above.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37264675
         | 
         | We'd love to know what issues / PRs are important to your team
         | to help us prioritize
        
       | alexchantavy wrote:
       | > We completed all documents required for OpenTF to become part
       | of the Linux Foundation with the end goal of having OpenTF as
       | part of Cloud Native Computing Foundation.
       | 
       | Anyone know why this was done in this order? Why not apply for
       | CNCF right from the get-go?
        
         | dharmab wrote:
         | I'm guessing their application to the CNCF Sandbox is either
         | planned or in review. It's only been 10 days, after all.
        
         | fishnchips wrote:
         | The CNCF process takes a bit longer and CNCF is part of the LF
         | anyway. The project governance can benefit from being part of a
         | reputable foundation as soon as practicable.
         | 
         | (Marcin here, one of the OpenTF folks)
        
           | alexchantavy wrote:
           | Thanks, can you share more details? E.g. are there more
           | reviews, more paperwork required, etc?
        
             | justincormack wrote:
             | Yes to reviews, no to more paperwork
        
       | lars_francke wrote:
       | Do similar initiatives exist for the other HashiCorp products?
        
         | mdaniel wrote:
         | I am hoping someone will take on Vault since it really has a
         | unique perspective on credential leases that I don't believe
         | its competitors currently tackle
         | 
         | I have been trying to help https://github.com/vaagrunt/vagrunt
         | but there are 4400 forks so it's hard to know if one of the
         | other ones is getting "community buy in" - I just saw that one
         | in another HN thread and tried to help out (it's always bugged
         | me that there was no $(make dist) for Vagrant so hopefully
         | here's my ability to fix that bug since Hashicorp was for damn
         | sure never going to accept any such PR)
        
           | vmatsiiako wrote:
           | Credential leases will be available in Infisical soon!
           | 
           | Disclaimer: I'm one of the founders.
        
             | mdaniel wrote:
             | is there an issue where one could track its progress, and
             | whatever leases you're intending to support?
             | 
             | My personal use cases are PG and SSH CA leases (err, back
             | when I used SSH :-D but I'm guessing that's still a non-
             | zero audience)
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | It seems to be a bad sign that the repo for this isn't even open
       | yet...
       | 
       | I understand that on day one the tests may not yet be green or
       | some links in documents might not be updated, but I would feel a
       | lot better if there was a public github repo that had a README.md
       | with a big note at the top saying "Work is underway, don't use
       | this yet".
       | 
       | Without such a repo, it feels very much like opensourceness and
       | community involvement is an afterthought.
        
         | cube2222 wrote:
         | Tests are all green, actually! We believe we've even
         | resurrected a large number of previously broken tests.
         | 
         | Really, there's a few things, like getting rid of trademark
         | infringement and setting up some basic community guardrails,
         | that we need to finish prior to publishing.
         | 
         | We're doing our best to get this out and public as soon as
         | possible.
         | 
         | You can take a look at the new public roadmap repo[0] to track
         | progress towards milestones such as publishing the repo.
         | 
         | [0]: https://github.com/opentffoundation/roadmap
         | 
         | Disclaimer: Work at Spacelift, and currently temporary
         | Technical Lead of the OpenTF Project, until it's committee-
         | steered.
        
         | fishnchips wrote:
         | Under normal circumstances - yes. But the moment one creates an
         | open fork of the repo, they get a trademark violation letter
         | from Hashi's legal team. So in order to make the repo public,
         | we need to be absolutely sure we're clean.
        
       | Layvier wrote:
       | So I'm pretty new to Terraform, and in my team we were planning
       | to set it up for our infrastructure next month. Does that change
       | something for us? If it stays backward compatible I assume not
       | much would have to be done for switching? I'd definitely prefer
       | an open license.
        
         | Coryodaniel wrote:
         | We plan to maintain backward compatibility with the legacy
         | version of terraform. You should be able to just start
         | developing and swap the CLI.
         | 
         | Depending on when you start, the first release mag already be
         | out!
        
           | Layvier wrote:
           | oh ok great to know, thanks a lot! All the best with this
           | project;)
        
       | bonetruck wrote:
       | From the Hashicorp post: "Vendors who provide competitive
       | services built on our community products will no longer be able
       | to incorporate future releases, bug fixes, or security patches
       | contributed to our products."
       | 
       | What vendors is the post referring to?
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | Nobody's entirely sure, which is a problem.
        
           | jen20 wrote:
           | At minimum:
           | 
           | - Spacelift
           | 
           | - env0
           | 
           | - Digger
           | 
           | Pulumi is not targeted, since the licenses of the providers
           | are not changed.
        
             | SebastianStadil wrote:
             | - Scalr - Terramate - Terrateam
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | Also IBM [0], possibly AWS with Proton [1], GitLab [2],
               | Harness [3], Gruntwork [4] and probably a dozen other
               | smaller players.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.ibm.com/cloud/schematics [1]
               | https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/whats-new/2022/03/aws-
               | proto... [2]
               | https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/infrastructure/iac/ [3]
               | https://medium.com/@steve.burton/harness-introduces-aws-
               | clou... [4] https://gruntwork.io/pipelines/
        
       | halifaxbeard wrote:
       | I wonder how long until Hashicorp starts to use OpenTF as the
       | upstream for TFE
        
         | re-thc wrote:
         | Right, suddenly someone's doing the work for them and for
         | "free".
        
           | unethical_ban wrote:
           | Kind of like Hashicorp has done so far for everyone non-
           | corporate.
        
           | halifaxbeard wrote:
           | It's a traumatic birth for sure- but I think in the long run
           | Hashicorp took the right approach. There's already more FTE
           | commitments from the community than Hashicorp actually had
           | working on it.
        
             | fishnchips wrote:
             | Marcin here, co-founder of Spacelift, one of the members of
             | the OpenTF initiative
             | 
             | I'm not sure. They voluntarily exchanged the throne of a
             | benevolent ruler for an audience seat where they're one of
             | many. I would personally think that this privileged
             | position was worth more than the cost of the FTEs devoted
             | to the project. But obviously I don't see the whole
             | picture.
        
               | lamontcg wrote:
               | Its certainly going to be interesting to watch how it all
               | plays out.
        
             | eropple wrote:
             | How did Hashicorp "take the right approach"? They wanted
             | $$money$$, they didn't want Terraform to be bigger or
             | better or to cede control of it to anyone else.
             | 
             | Having seen Spacelift, Pulumi, etc. over the last few
             | years, I have little trouble envisioning them jumping to
             | help with some alacrity if a Hashicorp that _did_ want
             | improvements did the work to move it to a software
             | foundation themselves. But again: $$money$$.
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | 100%. At Spacelift we have no beef with HashiCorp, and on
               | a personal level many of us (me being the chief fanboy)
               | admire their earlier work. We reached out to try and work
               | together but the answer was a clear "no".
        
               | alex_lav wrote:
               | > They wanted $$money$$
               | 
               | Did this forum forget why for-profit companies exist
               | recently?
        
               | eropple wrote:
               | There is a difference between "making money" and
               | "capturing the entire thing because our growth-addled
               | brains cannot conceive of not allocating all of the money
               | to _us_ ".
               | 
               | If you fire on the ecosystem, sometimes (not often
               | enough, but sometimes) the ecosystem fires back.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | All of the money? They've given it away for years, and
               | they're just losing too much money.
               | 
               | Now one or two other companies can take all that, pay for
               | one or two engineers and look like the good guys.
        
               | alex_lav wrote:
               | > There is a difference between "making money" and
               | "capturing the entire thing because our growth-addled
               | brains cannot conceive of not allocating all of the money
               | to us".
               | 
               | I feel like this post suggests a misunderstanding about
               | how publicly traded, for profit companies work. Because
               | it is literally their job to capture the entire thing and
               | whatever else they can capture. That's why going public
               | is not awesome for FOSS-oriented companies. We've been
               | here before.
        
               | eropple wrote:
               | I mean, I understand it quite well. Through this
               | understanding I am able to come to the conclusion that
               | _it bad_.
               | 
               | Like, the very concept of a corporation is ordained by a
               | society to provide benefit to the society, not (just) to
               | the shareholders--otherwise there's no reason to enable
               | its creation. Did Hashicorp's action better the society
               | that granted its charter, or attempt to (and hopefully
               | fail to) better its P&L?
               | 
               | I feel it is not unreasonable to simultaneously think
               | that making _some_ money _in a sustainable fashion_ is a
               | good thing--and at the same time also think that there is
               | real value in expecting a functional moralism out of what
               | are legally persons. I do realize that that is out of
               | step with current (American) jurisprudence, but I also
               | don 't much care about that.
        
               | alex_lav wrote:
               | > Through this understanding I am able to come to the
               | conclusion that it bad.
               | 
               | I've not commented on whether it's good or bad. I'm
               | commenting about the apparent surprise at their behavior.
               | 
               | > Did Hashicorp's action better the society that granted
               | its charter, or attempt to (and hopefully fail to) better
               | its P&L?
               | 
               | The latter, as is their job.
        
               | eropple wrote:
               | _> I 've not commented on whether it's good or bad. I'm
               | commenting about the apparent surprise at their
               | behavior._
               | 
               | I assure you that I am not surprised.
               | 
               | I am angry, though.
        
               | overtowed wrote:
               | > it is literally their job to capture the entire thing
               | and whatever else they can capture
               | 
               | Their job is to maximize shareholder value, and if
               | attempting to capture the entire thing reduces
               | shareholder value, which may occur in this case, they're
               | not doing their job well.
        
               | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
               | > There is a difference between "making money" and
               | "capturing the entire thing because our growth-addled
               | brains cannot conceive of not allocating all of the money
               | to us".
               | 
               |  _Trying_ to capture the entire thing, in a way that
               | backfires and gets them a _smaller_ piece of the pie.
               | Which is, incidentally, and answer to the question: A
               | business might be obligated to act in its own interest,
               | but this is the kind of thing that can result in worse
               | financial outcomes, not better.
        
               | pxc wrote:
               | When I read '$$money$$' I picture a cartoon character who
               | starts excitedly staring at something with dollar signs
               | in their eyeballs before embarking on some harebrained
               | scheme.
               | 
               | I don't think it's supposed to indicate that profit
               | seeking is somehow bad or unnatural for companies to
               | pursue, but that Hashicorp got caught up in something
               | foolish and shortsighted because of some excessive
               | eagerness and carelessness.
        
         | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
         | Can they do that without reverting their own license back to
         | MPL?
        
         | fishnchips wrote:
         | Marcin here, co-founder of Spacelift, one of the members of the
         | OpenTF initiative
         | 
         | As a long-term HashiCorp fanboy, and a true fan of the work of
         | Mitchell this would be my dream come true, on a very personal
         | level. It would also be a great day for the entire community.
        
         | candiddevmike wrote:
         | I don't think there is a future for TFE in the face of OpenTF.
         | It's a dumb Terraform runner, the competition has far more
         | features and integrations with other tools. The BSL was
         | HashiCorps way to curtail competitors and it has backfired
         | spectacularly.
        
           | ohad1282 wrote:
           | Ohad co-founder of env0 here, early supporter in the OpenTF
           | initiative. TFE and TFC have a future. Competition is good
           | for everybody. It forces innovation. However, only OpenTF
           | will make sure to properly differentiate between the OSS
           | layer and the commercial layer.
        
             | candiddevmike wrote:
             | The competition is between real platform engineering tools
             | like yours, spacelift, humanitec, morpheus, etc. Real
             | innovation, not just running TF plan/apply.
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | To be fair, competition from us (Spacelift) and our other
               | competitor friends had an extremely positive impact on
               | TFC/TFE over the last two year or so.
        
       | v3ss0n wrote:
       | someone needs to do something for nomad and rancher too, both of
       | them are very powerful
        
         | mdaniel wrote:
         | Did something happen to the Apache 2 rancher?
         | https://github.com/rancher/rancher/blob/v2.7.5/LICENSE RKE2 is
         | similarly Apache 2:
         | https://github.com/rancher/rke2/blob/v1.26.7%2Brke2r1/LICENS...
        
       | kskkkkkkk wrote:
       | Waiting for Hashicorp's next move to introduce some proprietary
       | incompatibility with Terraform Cloud API just so they can
       | artificially damage OpenTF.
        
         | js4ever wrote:
         | Or just finishing to completely destroy their credibility? That
         | would be the last nail in their coffin.
        
       | pxc wrote:
       | When Oracle bought Sun, there were a number of open-source
       | projects they started fencing off and developing in a less
       | community-oriented way. Usually, I think they didn't even
       | actually change the licenses.
       | 
       | In every case I can remember, the community-centric forks
       | outpaced or altogether outlived them. Hudson is dead. OpenOffice
       | is basically irrelevant. Oracle ZFS sees little interest and is
       | not what anyone thinks of when they hear 'ZFS'. But Jenkins,
       | LibreOffice, and OpenZFS are all going strong many years later.
       | 
       | This could end up being a really good thing for Terraform users,
       | would-be contributors, and Terraform itself as a technology. I
       | wonder if any Terraform maintainers from HashiCorp itself will
       | jump ship to work on it full time as OpenTF. A similar phenomenon
       | ended up being a decisive factor with the post-Oracle forks of
       | Sun software IIRC.
        
         | artyom wrote:
         | I think the only thing that wasn't forked off from the Sun deal
         | was VirtualBox, mainly because Oracle never cared much about it
         | and it's still open source, and partly because the container
         | revolution was already brewing.
        
         | davewritescode wrote:
         | Sun is a great example of a company that had excellent
         | engineers but a terrible business model. Instead of fixing the
         | business model, they tried to extract as much value out what
         | they had and it ultimately lead to the death of the company.
         | 
         | Terraform is the gateway to Hashicorp and it feels like they're
         | going to lose it.
        
           | kskkkkkkk wrote:
           | TF's excellent plugin ecosystem that is not owned by
           | Hashicorp will teach them a bitter lesson.
        
             | AYBABTME wrote:
             | On the other hand, for many years they were maintaining
             | most of everyone's plugins on their own repos. It's not
             | like Hashicorp hasn't been an honest servant of the
             | community.
             | 
             | I understand people's dislike of the license change, but
             | Hashicorp isn't Oracle.
        
               | kskkkkkkk wrote:
               | It's becoming it though.
        
               | znpy wrote:
               | Not really. Oracle provides software that does not
               | require any activation cose but will phone home and
               | snitch on you so that oracle can send you threats if you
               | don't pay license fees.
               | 
               | I'm thinking of some additional virtualbox guest
               | additions.
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | > but will phone home and snitch on you
               | 
               | Terraform would never do that, would it? Oh, wait... [0]
               | 
               | [0] https://github.com/hashicorp/terraform/blob/v1.5.6/ch
               | eckpoin...
        
               | Jka9rhnDJos wrote:
               | Not really. I was a frequent contributor to plugins and
               | it was actually incredibly frustrating getting changes
               | merged for many of them. Many you couldn't test your
               | changes without licenses that cost hundreds of dollars.
               | They controlled the repos, but they didn't maintain them.
        
           | cryptonector wrote:
           | Yes. Sun became all about extracting rents from vendor lock-
           | in (SPARC, J2ME, SUN DS, etc.). But Sun couldn't maintain
           | that vendor lock-in, so Sun went under. Management just did
           | not or would not see this, much less act on it. OpenSolaris
           | was a good initiative for rebuilding mind-share, but it was a
           | bit too little too late.
           | 
           | But the biggest mistakes Sun made were made in 2002-2004, and
           | they never recovered:                 - the Solaris on x86
           | "cancellation" (it         was more putting it on hold,
           | maybe, but         the market took it as a cancellation)
           | - not making a deal with Google for Google         to use
           | Solaris in their data centers       - killing off Sun PS
           | (professions services)
           | 
           | The Solaris on x86 "cancellation" killed a lot of mind-share.
           | No one wanted to get locked-in to SPARC.
           | 
           | Making a deal with Google would have reinvigorated Solaris'
           | mind-share at a critical time.
           | 
           | IBM did the opposite of killing off its professional services
           | division. IBM killed off their x86 systems division and
           | beefed up its PS, and IBM went on to make a killing on PS.
           | 
           | The vendor lock-in issues totally compounded these terrible
           | decisions.
           | 
           | After 2002 Sun was always on the back foot.
        
             | znpy wrote:
             | > not making a deal with Google for Google to use Solaris
             | in their data centers
             | 
             | Wow i had no idea that had almost happened!
             | 
             | Anyone care to elaborate further on that?
             | 
             | I wonder what could have been, if later solaris was open
             | sourced and google could push their improvements... maybe
             | we'd all be running containers based on solaris zones, and
             | would have solaris on our smartphones? Who knows!
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | Fun fact - some Google servers ran Solaris. I worked on
               | the tape backup team and the machines connected to LTE
               | drives were indeed running Solaris.
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | The story as I understand it is that Sun wanted to
               | license Solaris on a number of hosts basis while Google
               | considered the number of servers they had to be a
               | critical secret.
               | 
               | > maybe we'd all be running containers based on solaris
               | zones
               | 
               | There were a lot of nice things about Solaris. The
               | Solaris engineering org was amazing, full of visionary
               | giants. ZFS, Zones, DTrace, mdb, SMF (systemd, but done
               | better and ten years earlier), the fault tolerance stuff
               | -- all created by engineers as skunkworks.
        
           | pxc wrote:
           | I was just a kid when Sun died, reading about all the drama
           | of the buyout and the series of forks on Slashdot whenever I
           | had already finished my work in my high school computer
           | science class every morning.
           | 
           | I didn't really know what or how to think about the
           | mismanagement aspect of it, but I was already a F/OSS
           | enthusiast by that time. I ran Linux at home and used free
           | software everywhere I could. I even eschewed Times New Roman
           | in favor of Linux Libertine (then the font of the W in the
           | Wikipedia logo!) for my school essays because I didn't want
           | to support the hegemony of a proprietary typeface.
           | 
           | What I did understand about Sun was that they had been the
           | caretakers (and sometimes creators) of some of the most
           | important and beloved technology I'd ever used. I didn't know
           | anything about Solaris, Hudson, ZFS or SPARC, but I knew Sun
           | for VirtualBox, OpenOffice, the MySQL database system that
           | seemed to be everywhere in the open-source world, and the
           | Java programming language I was writing in for school.
           | 
           | I remember a sense that something precious had died with that
           | buyout, even though I didn't understand what led up to it. I
           | worried a lot about OpenOffice, which I relied on and
           | advocated to friends, and I practically cheered when I read
           | about the formation of The Document Foundation and
           | LibreOffice.
        
         | red_trumpet wrote:
         | It's somewhat ironic though, that the license adopted by
         | Hashicorp, the BSL, originates from MariaDB, which is the no-
         | oracle successor to MySQL.
        
           | Nux wrote:
           | And arguably MySQL does better than Mariadb nowadays.
        
         | bcantrill wrote:
         | They _definitely_ changed one of the licenses, and in fact in
         | the most brazen way possible -- they relicensed OpenSolaris to
         | proprietary![0][1] Your point stands, though: illumos very much
         | outpaced and outlived it.[2]
         | 
         | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zRN7XLCRhc
         | 
         | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zpnncakrelk
         | 
         | [2] http://dtrace.org/blogs/bmc/2017/09/04/the-sudden-death-
         | and-...
        
           | pxc wrote:
           | I'm sure that was an especially painful change, being such a
           | gratuitously stingy and shortsighted treatment of a dear and
           | painstakingly refined core technology project.
           | 
           | My point with that observation about licensing was just that
           | in many cases, it _didn 't even take_ something as drastic as
           | a license change to get a project superseded by a community
           | fork. Just changing the release process or removing some
           | community maintainers' commit bits or whatever could be
           | enough.
           | 
           | Maybe some of that was because seeing what was done to
           | OpenSolaris made everyone else ready to jump right away as
           | soon as they saw any shift at all in other projects, though.
        
             | bcantrill wrote:
             | Totally agreed -- and thank you for bringing up Hudson,
             | which I have been concerned is being broadly forgotten!
        
               | sanderjd wrote:
               | This mention of Hudson was a blast from the past! I
               | honestly couldn't remember whether Hudson sprang from
               | Jenkins and failed to gain mindshare or whether Jenkins
               | sprang from Hudson and took all the mindshare. We used
               | both of these on a project I working on from '08 to '13,
               | and I guess we must have started out on Hudson and then
               | migrated to Jenkins. So you're right to be concerned
               | about peoples' memories fading!
               | 
               | (I honestly thought both projects worked very poorly, but
               | also better than anything else we could find at the
               | time.)
        
               | pxc wrote:
               | > (I honestly thought both projects worked very poorly,
               | but also better than anything else we could find at the
               | time.)
               | 
               | Each of us must first _earn_ the right to forget Hudson
               | by finally decommissioning our respective companies '
               | remaining, bespoke, janky Jenkins server. ;)
        
               | sanderjd wrote:
               | hahaha I took the coward's way out and left that company
               | a decade ago. When I met with an old colleague last year,
               | they were still on that bespoke, janky Jenkins server.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | I prefer to focus my imagination on picturing how angry
               | Larry must have felt after becoming the owner of MySQL
               | and learning that, even after spending a couple bullions
               | on it, he still couldn't kill the thing.
               | 
               | And I always forget Hudson's name, but not the product.
        
               | sanderjd wrote:
               | > _I prefer to focus my imagination on picturing how
               | angry Larry must have felt_
               | 
               | No no no, didn't you watch the video? Don't
               | anthropomorphize Larry Ellison! Lawnmower can't feel
               | angry!
               | 
               | :)
        
           | eYrKEC2 wrote:
           | First time caller, long time listener:
           | 
           | You have a blog too! Hurrah! I celebrate your entire catalog.
           | If you start another podcast, please be sure to mention it on
           | oxide and friends. It was crickets over there in the "On the
           | Metal" podcast, but when you guys made that last episode I
           | had 2 years of oxide & friends, so perhaps that was ok.
        
             | bcantrill wrote:
             | Definitely no third podcast in our future! _Oxide and
             | Friends_ itself wasn 't even all that deliberate -- it was
             | very much an artifact of the pandemic[0]. Glad you found
             | _Oxide and Friends_ , and sorry it took us so long to
             | record an _On the Metal_ episode to point to it...
             | 
             | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W8qiDhlFVCE
        
       | ahl wrote:
       | Some of the OpenTF team joined us on Oxide and Friends to talk
       | about the project. It was a great conversation:
       | 
       | https://oxide-and-friends.transistor.fm/episodes/fork-in-the...
        
         | Coryodaniel wrote:
         | Thanks for having us!
        
       | h1fra wrote:
       | That's great news. I wonder what will happen to ongoing roadmap
       | and all the bug/feature requests that were pending.
       | 
       | I fear that sooner or later the APIs will become non-compatible
       | so the only "good move" would be to jump to OpenTF as soon as
       | possible to avoid complication. But for entreprise it will be a
       | tough jump: updating all tooling, scripts, deployment flows, CI,
       | compliance check, etc.
        
         | fishnchips wrote:
         | We have the tooling in place to ensure full equivalence of the
         | most important parts, especially the statefile. We will also
         | take great care to not introduce DSL changes that would make it
         | hard to switch back and forth between OpenTF and the legacy
         | Terraform. Looking at the codebase for the last week, and the
         | list of PRs on the original repo ignored to oblivion I believe
         | there's a lot of space for innovation that does not break the
         | interop guarantee.
         | 
         | [Marcin, co-founder of Spacelift, one of the members of the
         | OpenTF initiative]
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | I think that's a good goal, but it seems pretty out of your
           | hands. After your first addition to the language or state
           | file (which by the sound of it is something you hope to do
           | soon, and I applaud that), TF could immediately introduce
           | something making compatibility impossible without you
           | reverting and breaking the feature.
        
             | fishnchips wrote:
             | They could I guess, but with that they'd be abandoning
             | support for all their previous versions, too. Plus it's
             | software, there are a great many options here. I won't get
             | into the nitty gritty not to spare everyone else the
             | gruesome details but I'm not going to be losing sleep over
             | this just now.
        
           | h1fra wrote:
           | That's very nice to hear, thanks!
           | 
           | (even though I wish there was some breaking changes to be
           | able to fix some of nasty bugs that have been there for years
           | ahah)
        
       | Aeolun wrote:
       | I'm not sure how I feel about them saying they're forking
       | something, that it will be truly open source, and then saying
       | they'll publish the repo in 1-2 weeks.
       | 
       | Why not now?
        
         | cube2222 wrote:
         | Making sure there aren't any trademark infringements left, that
         | we have some basic community process in place, etc.
         | 
         | There's unfortunately a bunch of these things we have to do
         | before we can publish. We created a public roadmap repo if
         | you'd like to track the progress[0]. We're doing our best to
         | make it public as soon as possible.
         | 
         | [0]: https://github.com/opentffoundation/roadmap/milestones
         | 
         | Disclaimer: Work at Spacelift, and currently temporary
         | Technical Lead of the OpenTF Project, until it's committee-
         | steered.
        
       | thedougd wrote:
       | If the maintainers can keep a good throughout of pull request
       | approvals, I think there's a good likelihood that OpenTF could
       | outpace Terraform in capability. Terraform, IMO, has benefitted
       | significantly from having some very smart people at the helm.
       | Most recently I've been impressed with the declarative mapping of
       | imperative actions including import, state moves, and more. These
       | things required very carefully coordination, especially in large
       | active configurations, and are now quite simple and safe.
        
         | kskkkkkkk wrote:
         | One has to wonder how much collaboration was prevented by
         | having Hashicorp refuse to hear their users or accept PRs. At
         | some point, opensource or not, people just stop bothering.
        
           | moondev wrote:
           | Was thinking the same. Would be great if they provided more
           | "experimental" features with a flag or ENV. Then the default
           | cli could be the "comparability mode". Cheers and good luck
           | to the project!
        
           | znpy wrote:
           | People could have forked terraform before too.
           | 
           | It's being forked only now because there is big money at
           | stake.
           | 
           | I'm gonna wear my cynical hat and say: it never was about
           | collaboration.
           | 
           | Seriously: people are falling for the collaboration meme.
           | Isn't anybody wondering "why now?"
           | 
           | Why not a year ago, why not a year in the future?
        
             | RealStickman_ wrote:
             | A year ago most people probably wouldn't have known or
             | cared about a small new fork and I don't think it would
             | have gotten the community support OpenTF has now.
        
         | fishnchips wrote:
         | > very smart people at the helm
         | 
         | Hear, hear. We would love to see them join forces with OpenTF.
        
       | nsonha wrote:
       | cool name
        
       | koolba wrote:
       | Why oh why didn't they add a dash to the GitHub org name? Is it
       | too late to fix that or will be squinting at the repo owner for
       | years to come?                   opentffoundation
       | 
       | vs                   open-tf-foundation
        
         | fishnchips wrote:
         | This may change at some point.
        
           | koolba wrote:
           | Looks like "open-tf" is available as well. That'd be even
           | better!
           | 
           | As an added benefit, shorter names add a sense of legitimacy
           | to new projects.
        
             | fishnchips wrote:
             | Thanks, snatched that one.
        
       | thedougd wrote:
       | Encryption of secrets stored in state and or support for a would
       | be an excellent first fork feature to pull ahead. Maybe something
       | that supports backends like AWS KMS (for encryption) or AWS
       | Secret Manager (for storing/retrieving ) secrets.
       | 
       | Stringing together resources to pull from a secrets manager and
       | still having the secrets stored plainly in state is enormously
       | frustrating. We aren't all living in a nirvana of fast rotating
       | out of band secrets.
        
         | cube2222 wrote:
         | This is actually a feature I'd love OpenTF to have and am quite
         | passionate about, personally. My plan is to submit it once we
         | have the RFC process in place.
         | 
         | Disclaimer: Work at Spacelift, and currently temporary
         | Technical Lead of the OpenTF Project, until it's committee-
         | steered.
        
           | pxc wrote:
           | > > Maybe something that supports backends like AWS KMS (for
           | encryption) or AWS Secret Manager (for storing/retrieving )
           | secrets.
           | 
           | > This is actually a feature I'd love OpenTF to have and am
           | quite passionate about, personally
           | 
           | You're probably already aware, but SOPS1 kinda fits the bill
           | for integration here perfectly.
           | 
           | It supports local secrets as well as encryption via keys
           | stored with all the big cloud providers, and it's already
           | battle-tested as it is used heavily at Mozilla (it comes from
           | there).
           | 
           | Additionally, like OpenTF, SOPS is maintained independently
           | of any single corporation, written in Go, and distributed
           | under the MPL-2.0 license. On its face, it seems like a match
           | made in heaven.
           | 
           | SOPS is a great tool and could be a pretty killer starting
           | point for this stuff!
           | 
           | --
           | 
           | 1: https://github.com/getsops/sops
        
             | fishnchips wrote:
             | Pure personal speculation here, even though I'm one of the
             | OpenTF folks. If one wanted to make secret encryption
             | ultimately flexible, it could become a type of extension
             | like provider, which would work as a sidecar and simply
             | encrypt and decrypt each secret thrown at it. It should be
             | possible to wrap SOPS into one such plugin.
        
               | pxc wrote:
               | I was kind of thinking the same thing, and that SOPS
               | would be a good fit here because (as hacky as that
               | mechanism is!) SOPS could be downloaded as a little
               | static Go executable during `terraform init` just like
               | providers are. `age`, too.
               | 
               | And yeah, a plugin interface would be great for lower
               | coupling, and the provider interface seems like a model
               | that could basically be copied here. :)
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | Yes, and perhaps backends could work in a similar way,
               | too?
               | 
               | One other thing was that I was thinking whether these
               | plugins really need to be local. A remote gRPC server
               | could possibly work as well, I guess? Again, pure
               | personal speculation.
        
               | pxc wrote:
               | In general, I think supporting local workflows is
               | important for providing a good developer experience as
               | well as maintaining a single source of truth (although I
               | know being a purist about this is impossible when what
               | we're doing is managing cloud environments!). So I think
               | that it's an important option. Additionally, when you
               | perform the encryption locally, you don't have to think
               | so much about transmitting the cleartext secret to
               | whatever server/program does the encryption, so that's
               | nice.
               | 
               | But cloud-stored secrets are often an exception to
               | single-source-of-truth and the preference for local
               | workflows anyway, and some teams reasonably prefer other
               | workflows. And a network boundary might be a natural
               | place to put some secret sauce for a company like yours,
               | or even just to give users the option of plugging into a
               | centrally managed, shared environment-- even if what is
               | running on the remote end is self-hosted and source-
               | available or even open-source.
        
       | voytec wrote:
       | Any open-source project being backed by VC is a red flag which
       | should tell you to fork or back the fuck off asap. VC is cancer.
        
       | roschdal wrote:
       | Viagrunts is a fork of Vagrant:
       | 
       | https://github.com/vaagrunt/viagrunts
        
       | re-thc wrote:
       | How will providers be handled? If Terraform changes the protocols
       | and interfaces it sounds like a game of cat and mouse.
       | 
       | The providers will support Terraform and update to the latest
       | framework, which may be incompatible with OpenTF at the time. Are
       | we forking those too?
        
         | figmert wrote:
         | If they do, they likely have to give plenty of notice due to
         | third party providers, and will still have to maintain the old
         | protocol/a for older versions of all the providers.
        
         | lijok wrote:
         | Is Hashicorp were to change Terraform protocols without
         | extremely good justification, the project would be dead
         | immediately. The existence of Terraform in its current state is
         | bringing billions in revenue to vendors like AWS and GCP.
         | There's a lot of money at play. Hashicorp wouldn't risk that.
        
           | re-thc wrote:
           | They already did do a Terraform, SDKv2 to plugin framework
           | migration thing earlier [0] so why not again?
           | 
           | [0]: https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/plugin/framewo
           | rk/m...
        
           | fishnchips wrote:
           | It would be stupid cat-and-mouse game because it would make
           | all previous versions of legacy Terraform irrelevant, and is
           | unlikely to cause much harm in the long run because the same
           | protocols can be implemented by other tools.
        
         | cube2222 wrote:
         | Initially we strive for 100% interoperability.
         | 
         | The provider framework has been kept MPL, as have the
         | providers, so we will keep being compatible.
         | 
         | We will see what the longer-term future brings, and we'll react
         | accordingly. We also have a bunch of ideas for improvements to
         | the provider ecosystem and their capabilities, but those will
         | go through the public RFC process once it's in place.
         | 
         | Disclaimer: Work at Spacelift, and currently temporary
         | Technical Lead of the OpenTF Project, until it's committee-
         | steered.
        
           | maccard wrote:
           | Do you have an idea on where you stand on incompatible
           | changes that are strict improvements over TF? As a concrete
           | example, https://github.com/hashicorp/terraform/issues/13022
           | - My only read on this is that Hashicorp arent doing this as
           | this removes a key selling point of Terraform Cloud.
        
             | cube2222 wrote:
             | We're planning to stay 100% backwards compatible, and in
             | the early stages we definitely want for it to be easy for
             | people to migrate back and forth between both tools - even
             | have teams with different engineers using different tools.
             | 
             | DSL changes are honestly the thing we'd like to limit the
             | most, but as long as they're backwards compatible, the RFC
             | process will welcome them, and they will be discussed and
             | considered!
             | 
             | The important thing is for features to be opt-in. You
             | should be able to limit yourself to a feature-set that is
             | Terraform-compatible, if you want. If you want to use
             | additional features on top of that, then that will be an
             | option as well - we definitely want to innovate.
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | Thanks. I guess that's a little disappointing on one
               | hand, but on the other makes perfect sense! FWIW, we're
               | excited to see TF develop again
        
           | jen20 wrote:
           | > currently temporary Technical Lead of the OpenTF Project
           | 
           | Assuming you aren't committing under pseudonyms, you've to
           | date made a single contribution to Terraform, which was a
           | fairly trivial change
           | (b49655724d2f96f0e68196fb949a0d625abbd60e).
        
             | ahl wrote:
             | I don't follow? You don't think they can set up CI and
             | migrate issues? It seems unlikely that there will be major
             | breaking or architectural changes imminently.
        
               | jen20 wrote:
               | I doubt that "clean room" fixes for each new commit in
               | Terraform can be authored in order to maintain
               | compatibility with the canonical source.
        
             | fishnchips wrote:
             | I pity anyone who underestimates Kuba. OK, most people I've
             | worked with in tech are probably smarter than me, but this
             | guy plays in a different league.
        
         | Coryodaniel wrote:
         | HashiCorp manages a handful (~4 [0]) of the providers, while
         | over 2,000 are managed by the community. I suspect breaking the
         | interface would be further damaging to their reputation. The
         | clouds will also have some influence around their provider.
         | 
         | [0]:
         | https://registry.terraform.io/browse/providers?tier=official
        
           | re-thc wrote:
           | Except Hashicorp has already done something similar recently
           | i.e. https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/plugin/framewo
           | rk/m...
           | 
           | So they can always do it again...
        
           | maccard wrote:
           | Right, but lets be honest, I don't care about 1995 of those
           | providers. Nobody is using Terraform to manage spotify
           | playlists [0]. The big ones are what matter, and (and
           | HashiCorp manage the big ones)
           | 
           | [0] https://registry.terraform.io/providers/conradludgate/spo
           | tif...
        
             | Coryodaniel wrote:
             | I'm talking more along the lines of the 300 HashiCorp
             | partners
             | 
             | https://registry.terraform.io/browse/providers?tier=partner
        
               | maccard wrote:
               | In one swoop, we've gone from 2k to 300. I had a look at
               | a handful of them, and they're ranging from 10-100
               | downloads a week. Our CI pulls the AWS provider more
               | often than that.
               | 
               | There's probably 20(?) from the 300 list that would
               | actually cause enough outcry to be worth talking about,
               | out of 2000 providers.
        
       | mnw21cam wrote:
       | Linked page _and_ the root page of the domain lack any
       | explanation of what OpenTF and Terraform are. That should be
       | right at the top of the page.
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | "Fork of Terraform" sounds like an item in a Mars settlers RPG.
         | ;)
        
       | ladzoppelin wrote:
       | It seems like really hard work keeping up with AWS api changes,
       | is that not going to be an issue?
        
         | fishnchips wrote:
         | This is handled by the providers, not by Terraform core, and
         | these maintained fully or partially by cloud vendors. Terraform
         | core is but a small part of a much larger ecosystem.
        
           | paulddraper wrote:
           | But the AWS provider is owned/maintained by Hashicorp, and I
           | believe under the same license.
        
             | fishnchips wrote:
             | Provider ecosystem is still MPL-v2. A move to BSL here
             | would be a way more bitter pill to swallow for the clouds.
        
               | paulddraper wrote:
               | ok
        
       | jhoelzel wrote:
       | While i rally appreciate the effort and am astounded that they
       | already have the pledge of 10 Full time engineers for 5 years I
       | am left wondering 2 things:
       | 
       | A) This could easily be a another reddit moment, where corps and
       | actual bill payers will forget about it in two weeks since it
       | simply -does not concern them-. The supporting list mostly
       | consists of actual competitors.
       | 
       | B) If they can manage all these resources, why can we just simply
       | not do something new along the way? Terraform has its flaws and
       | everyone that seriously had to worked with it can name many.
       | 
       | For instance: Did you know that you cant easily shut down a
       | server when deleting a terraform resource? At least not without
       | hacks or workarounds?
       | 
       | Its time for a "cloud-init native" solution to all these problems
       | and while appreciating the effort i think this fork will actually
       | hinder future development by having things remain the same.
       | 
       | - Cluster Api all the way -
        
         | fishnchips wrote:
         | > why can we just simply not do something new along the way
         | 
         | Marcin here, one of the member of the OpenTF.
         | 
         | 99% of the value of Terraform is its ecosystem - providers,
         | modules, tutorials, courses etc., and millions of lines of
         | battle-tested production code already written in that language.
         | 1% of the value is in the tool itself, with the tool serving as
         | the gatekeeper to all these riches. One of the things that I
         | personally want to see is opening up the codebase to allow
         | building new things on top of it, which then don't need to
         | reinvent the wheel.
         | 
         | You dislike HCL? Fine, have something else give the tool an AST
         | and we'll take it from here. You don't need/want to go through
         | the CLI? Not a problem, embed some of these libraries directly
         | in your app.
        
           | jen20 wrote:
           | [flagged]
        
         | skywhopper wrote:
         | Not sure what you mean exactly about "shutting down a server
         | when deleting a Terraform resource". But do you think that's
         | something inherent to the design that OpenTF wouldn't be able
         | to address?
         | 
         | Personally I think Terraform hit on a really good pattern for
         | IaC, and while there are lots of rough edges that could be
         | polished, the overall approach is by far the best fit yet
         | invented for the problem it's aiming to solve.
        
           | thayne wrote:
           | I'm not sure what they mean by that. But one case where
           | terraform's model doesn't work very well, is updating a
           | certificate on a load balancer (to be concrete, say an ACM
           | certificate attached to an NLB in AWS) to a new cert and
           | remove the old one. The proper way to do that, without
           | service interruption is the following:
           | 
           | 1. Create new certificate
           | 
           | 2. Update the certificate attached to the load balancer
           | 
           | 3. Delete old certificate
           | 
           | But it isn't actually possible to do that in that order with
           | terraform because of how dependencies work.
           | 
           | By default what terraform will try to do is:
           | 
           | 1. Delete old certificate. this will either fail, because the
           | certificate is in use (as is the case in AWS) or destroy a
           | resource that is still in use and cause the load balancer to
           | enter a bad state
           | 
           | 2. Create new certificate
           | 
           | 3. Update the load balancer
           | 
           | The only ways I have found to work around this is with
           | targeted applies (which are discouraged), or splitting the
           | change up into multiple code changes, with separate applies
           | for each change.
        
       | js4ever wrote:
       | I hope this will be a warning for others tempted by relicensing
       | to BUSL. This will probably kill all the community and maybe the
       | company.
        
       | andrewstuart2 wrote:
       | I'd really love to see this continued for some of the other
       | hashicorp tools that have taken the turn to closed licensing.
       | Vault is at the top of my list, but definitely some others like
       | consul and vagrant seem like they have healthy communities that
       | have been responsible for making hashicorp products successful,
       | and stand to lose out with the whole switch part of this post-
       | facto bait+switch.
        
       | Pet_Ant wrote:
       | Not to be confused with related but different "OTF" which is the
       | open source version of Terraform Enterprise:
       | 
       | https://github.com/leg100/otf
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34536663
        
       | nuker wrote:
       | If in AWS, use Cloudformation. Your future colleagues will thank
       | you.
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37218187
        
       | fuddle wrote:
       | I'm really surprised the Hashicorp founders make no mention of
       | the license change on their X (Twitter) accounts:
       | https://twitter.com/mitchellh & https://twitter.com/armon
        
         | voakbasda wrote:
         | When someone gets a well-deserved black eye, most folks would
         | rather put on concealer makeup than be forced explain how they
         | got their shiner. I doubt they want to draw attention to how
         | badly they just pissed off the open source community.
        
         | tzcl wrote:
         | I doubt they were involved in the decision,
         | https://twitter.com/mitchellh posts a lot about stepping away
         | from leadership to become an engineer again.
        
         | donutshop wrote:
         | I thought Mitchell stepped down from an exec role a while ago.
        
       | swozey wrote:
       | I'm really curious what Hashicorp expected here. I supposed their
       | next move is to control access to terraform cloud by versioning.
       | But that'd chop off a big portion of their userbase. So maybe
       | they grandfather old tfvers in and expect new to use 1.15 or 1.5
       | I forget.
        
         | pizzafeelsright wrote:
         | My guess is they went IPO. There was a massive cash infusion.
         | Good. Eighteen months go by and people will be exiting. That
         | means cash and talent leave.
         | 
         | Now sales are tough. Pricing is terrible. We've been using
         | their services for years while being offered enterprise
         | services without much incentive.
         | 
         | Why the license change? Lock out competitors or perhaps a
         | charitable assumption, secure future service offerings without
         | being exploited by cloud offerings that use their code while
         | competing.
         | 
         | The decision was a business decision. The amount they spend on
         | sales to sell what I think is an amazing product, just over
         | priced, is their doom. Why lock an enterprise into a three year
         | contract tied to usage?
        
       | fergie wrote:
       | Infrastructure state management is a massive opportunity, but I'm
       | not sure that Terraform is the way forward (it should use an
       | existing programming language, state should probably be in git,
       | or even better it should be able to analyse state in real time,
       | you should be able to spin up a local environment on your own
       | computer).
       | 
       | Managing a cloud deployment in 2023 feels a lot like managing a
       | Sharepoint server in 2010. You really want it all to be
       | scriptable, but the tooling isn't quite there yet.
        
       | jasonhansel wrote:
       | Here's hoping other HashiCorp products go the same way, creating
       | an excellent new suite of truly OSS cloud tools. HashiCorp shot
       | themselves in the foot, but they may have accidentally benefitted
       | the FOSS community greatly.
        
         | lotyrin wrote:
         | Especially if the Vault fork implements things like
         | replication.
        
           | mdaniel wrote:
           | Out of curiosity, what do you mean by this? cross-cluster?
           | they already have HA: https://github.com/hashicorp/vault/blob
           | /v1.14.1/website/cont...
           | 
           | while digging up that link, I also saw one named replication:
           | https://github.com/hashicorp/vault/blob/v1.14.1/website/cont.
           | ..
        
       | chrkl wrote:
       | Would love to see also a Vault fork
        
       | bloopernova wrote:
       | Regarding the Language Server, terraform-ls: does anyone know if
       | that will also be forked?
       | 
       | Gah, this is frustrating! I am learning Python but TF and tf-ls
       | are written in Go. I need to figure out how best to contribute.
        
         | brianm wrote:
         | Learn both, you will eventually have to anyway, and it won't
         | hurt your learning curve, in fact will probably help to see
         | similar ideas implemented and expressed very differently.
        
         | juliosueiras wrote:
         | I ain't changing the license for mine(so it will stay the same
         | license)
        
         | fishnchips wrote:
         | If you can handle Python, you will have no issue with Go, which
         | is overall a simpler language.
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | I mostly agree, but subtle thing is that GP is "learning"
           | Python. I don't think they know yet if they can handle it
        
             | bloopernova wrote:
             | That's very much it. At the risk of too much information
             | I'm partially disabled, looking after my disabled wife, and
             | working full time. I have a very limited "bucket" of
             | stamina and strength that I can dedicate to anything else.
             | 
             | On the weekend I try to get through a couple of Exercism
             | items, and rest. I really wish I had 10x the energy to
             | contribute to so many worthy open source projects :(
        
               | tetha wrote:
               | In my book, mirroring what a friend recently told me
               | about instruments: Learn Python. Ignore everything else
               | for 1-3 years.
               | 
               | The main drawback is: You won't be able to write 10^3 -
               | 10^5 events per second throughput services. That's where
               | you need Go, (weird) Java and C++. But I don't think
               | these are your current main problem.
               | 
               | However, Python exposes you to a lot of very valuable
               | concepts in the programming language space. If you know
               | Python well, you easily know 80% of the language
               | fundamentals of Java, 70% of Go or Ruby and like half of
               | Haskell or C++. And the other half of those languages is
               | mystical wonderous ponderous voodoo magic.
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | TBH IDK about Haskell. I personally love it but it
               | requires me to take a different view on problems than
               | most other languages I've worked with. And I did all the
               | things you've mentioned professionally at one point or
               | another. That said, I'd highly recommend learning Haskell
               | to anyone who's spent most of the career using "boring"
               | languages like Go, C++ or Java. It's eye-opening.
        
               | freedomben wrote:
               | How deep did you get into Haskell? Did you end up writing
               | anything non-trivial in it? Do you feel that learning
               | Haskell made you a better programmer in other languages?
               | 
               | I bought a paper copy of Learn You a Haskell many years
               | ago and got about half way through it and got pulled away
               | and haven't gone back to it, but every so often I get
               | this longing. I love FP (currently maining in Elixir) so
               | I wonder if I shouldn't just try to make it happen (even
               | though I'm strapped for time for projects as is).
        
               | tetha wrote:
               | As fishnchips says, Haskell is more of an introspective
               | journey imo.
               | 
               | Like, Monads are fucking weird.
               | 
               | Until you realize that monads are more about dealing with
               | context and making data-dependencies and side-effects
               | explicit.
               | 
               | And then you start realizing how most application server
               | frameworks are about a simple task: The framework
               | decomposes a possibly multi-threaded server into single-
               | threaded request handling. And then does a shit-ton of
               | other heavy-lifting for you.
               | 
               | Or, on the other hand, currying is a weird thing. Until
               | we had a decorator which takes some initial parameters
               | and transforms every incoming thing based on these
               | parameters. It's a decorator in java, it's currrying in
               | Haskell.
               | 
               | I've learned a lot from Haskell, ML, SML and OCaml as
               | well as Haskell at a meta-level. We've written a full
               | compiler in OCaml in one course, and then I made it
               | assemble microcode instructions later on as well, because
               | it made exercies easier in that other course.
               | 
               | But I wouldn't do that in production. Other languages are
               | easier to comprehend for other people.
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | > currying is a weird thing
               | 
               | Is it? I think it's actually extremely elegant. A
               | function has exactly one input and returns exactly one
               | output.
               | 
               | If you need two inputs, you have a function that takes
               | one input and returns a function that takes one input and
               | produces the output. Functions that look like they have
               | multiple inputs are just syntactic sugar.
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | I never wrote a production system in Haskell, no, and
               | haven't worked as part of a team writing Haskell for
               | money. I wrote some convenience utilities for myself, and
               | did more than a fair bit at codewars.
               | 
               | > Do you feel that learning Haskell made you a better
               | programmer in other languages?
               | 
               | Exactly that. So while Haskell as such was not
               | professionally useful to me, having learned Haskell made
               | me much better in Ruby, for example. And more recently
               | when I did a lot of Rego I still find the Haskell style
               | of thinking very useful.
        
         | fishnchips wrote:
         | Marcin here, one of the OpenTF folks
         | 
         | This repo [0] seems to still be licensed under MPL, so there is
         | no need for an immediate action, but if there is a willingness
         | in the community to take it over and improve, I see no reason
         | why we wouldn't do it.
         | 
         | [0] https://github.com/hashicorp/terraform-ls
        
           | bloopernova wrote:
           | I can't imagine how much you all have on your plates right
           | now, so this can definitely wait.
           | 
           | Tools, frameworks, etc all have to be written by people, and
           | I'm sure you're already keenly aware that poor programmer
           | tooling can be the death of a project.
           | 
           | This is definitely selfish on my part since I write a lot of
           | Terraform and lean on the language server a lot, but I hope
           | that terraform-ls can have a couple of people dedicated to it
           | eventually.
           | 
           | Unfortunately (of course!!) my own pet issues are pretty
           | niche, since I expect there aren't many people using a lot of
           | private registry modules like the client I work for. Hence my
           | desire to fix it myself :)
        
             | mdaniel wrote:
             | > but I hope that terraform-ls can have a couple of people
             | dedicated to it eventually.
             | 
             | I 100% agree with your perspective on tooling, and hope the
             | OpenTF team will take terraform-ls (and hcl-lang) under
             | their org, too, because I will never contribute one more
             | character to any repo in the hashicorp org.
             | 
             | Adopting hcl-lang is very low risk, but not zero, and it
             | would be a spiteful move for Hashicorp to introduce some
             | BuSL-only change to hcl for the purpose of hard-forking the
             | _language_
        
         | candiddevmike wrote:
         | Python translates really well into Go. You could probably learn
         | both at the same time
        
           | diarrhea wrote:
           | I'd call that a bit of a stretch. Python can have full blown
           | OOP, even multiple inheritance. It can be very functional
           | (decorators are used a lot). It's interpreted, not compiled.
           | It has tons of syntax sugar. Properties, context managers are
           | very Pythonic. Async also works entirely differently. Multi
           | threading with channels is not really a thing in Python.
           | Neither are interfaces (abstract base classes come close
           | though). Python can have impressively expressive type systems
           | nowadays, with mypy and typing. Generics, paramspecs and
           | whatnot. Go is much more rigid in that regard.
        
       | lvncelot wrote:
       | > Who is maintaining OpenTF? Is there enough firepower behind the
       | project?
       | 
       | > So far, four companies pledged the equivalent of 14 full-time
       | engineers (FTEs) to the OpenTF initiative. We expect this number
       | to at least double in the following few weeks. To give you some
       | perspective, Terraform was effectively maintained by about 5 FTEs
       | from HashiCorp in the last 2 years. If you don't believe us, look
       | at their repository.
       | 
       | That actually sounds promising.
        
         | rattray wrote:
         | Which four companies?
         | 
         | This matters a lot; am I the only one skeptical about this move
         | just being about cloud competitors trying to preserve margin?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | Daegalus wrote:
       | I would love to see a similar initiative with Vault and maybe
       | Consul.
       | 
       | Maybe call it OpenVLT and OpenCNSL. Then we can wrap it in a
       | larger OpenHC or OpenMoto umbrella of projects.
       | 
       | Especially with the integration points between Terraform, Vault,
       | and Consul, those can be maintained better.
       | 
       | Hell, I would do it myself, it I had the connections and time to
       | do it. I might still try if no one else does. I would model it
       | after OpenTF
        
         | mdaniel wrote:
         | > OpenMoto
         | 
         | I dunno if you're trying to play on "hashimoto" but
         | https://github.com/getmoto/moto#readme would be a prime name
         | collision for any such "OpenMoto" name
         | 
         | But yes, please, to adopting Vault. I don't have a horse in the
         | race about Consul but my suspicion is such an effort would only
         | be worthwhile if trying to adopt Nomad, too, which I gravely
         | doubt
        
           | Daegalus wrote:
           | It was intentional, but I was not aware of that project.
           | 
           | Consul is just a nice distributed KV store and Consul
           | Templates integrate well with vault secrets.
           | 
           | It can also be used as a storage engine for Vault of needed.
        
           | Coryodaniel wrote:
           | I am very curious about the future of Nomad. It definitely
           | has its place for some orgs and was exciting to see an
           | alternative to k8s gaining traction.
           | 
           | I think this license change will hamper adoption and
           | contribution when teams compare a foundation supported k8s vs
           | a source available Nomad. I haven't heard of anyone taking
           | this on, but I'd love to keep my eyes on it if/when it
           | happens.
           | 
           | Disclaimer: early supporter of opentf, cofounder of
           | massdriver
        
       | yesmad1234 wrote:
       | Does HashiCorp pose a patent threat to OpenTF? If Terraform
       | implements a feature and OpenTF (cleanroom) copies it, could
       | HashiCorp patent the feature to prevent OpenTF from using it?
        
         | bcantrill wrote:
         | No -- thanks to the MPLv2, which contains a patent grant.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | olgeni wrote:
       | Why Terraform and not, say, Nomad? Just wondering :)
        
       | littlejo wrote:
       | Do you plan to crypt secrets on tfstate file? I think it could be
       | a killer feature.
        
         | fishnchips wrote:
         | There was a long-standing PR with support for encrypting the
         | entire statefile at rest. I personally find it worth
         | revisiting.
        
       | AtNightWeCode wrote:
       | What is the problem with BSL? Is it that the code is still
       | available but you have to run their binaries? Honest question.
        
       | caniszczyk wrote:
       | Awesome to see how enthusiastic this community is! We at the LF
       | are excited to work with the wider community to bring them under
       | neutral governance like our many other foundations/projects. On
       | the CNCF side, we welcome an application through the official
       | processes when they are a bit further along with establishing
       | their initial governance here: https://github.com/cncf/sandbox
        
       | igorzij wrote:
       | Digger here
       | 
       | The future of Terraform is open-source
       | 
       | We are beyond excited to be part of this great initiative. We did
       | of course expect a fork to be of significant interest to people;
       | what we did not expect is this crazy level of support for it. 2k+
       | stars, 100+ companies and 400+ individuals pledged, and there is
       | already more full-time engineering positions committed to it by
       | pledging companies than the whole Terraform Core team at
       | Hashicorp (source: terraform commit history)
        
       | jamengual wrote:
       | OpenTF should poach apparentlymart from HC, that will drive a lot
       | of adoption :)
        
       | wucaworld wrote:
       | Programming team of the future ... 9 lawyers and 1 programmer. I
       | think we are getting there.
        
       | SebastianStadil wrote:
       | IMHO Hashi TF is the fork since they changed the license to a
       | non-open source one.
       | 
       | OpenTF is the same MPL license under a different name.
        
         | bornfreddy wrote:
         | Yes. Worse than that, they changed to a license that prevents
         | companies to use their product freely - if they chose some
         | "cloud protection license" that simply handicaps possible
         | competitors to their commercial offwrings, this fork would
         | probably not happen, or at least it wouldn't have such
         | momentum.
        
           | saxonww wrote:
           | They really didn't. They changed it to prevent companies from
           | building commercial products around terraform, which is what
           | you've suggested as a cloud protection license.
           | 
           | Companies that use terraform to manage their infrastructure
           | are not practically impacted in any way, except by this
           | OpenTF effort (which I don't personally oppose either!) which
           | will create a schism and leave us with competing tools that
           | are not quite interoperable over time (thinking about
           | ZFS/OpenZFS, MySQL/MariaDB, etc.).
           | 
           | https://www.hashicorp.com/license-faq#usage-limitations
           | 
           | It isn't the AGPL, but I am just sort of stunned at the
           | uproar around this. Is Hashicorp supposed to just shrug and
           | clap while a competitor takes (primarily) their work and
           | competes with them using it? That's what the MPL allows, and
           | they don't want to do that anymore, so they... changed the
           | license to protect their interests. What do you expect them
           | to do?
        
             | Hrun0 wrote:
             | > It isn't the AGPL, but I am just sort of stunned at the
             | uproar around this.
             | 
             | Thought the same. I think the uproar is partly manufactured
             | by competitors and freeloaders who are affected by this
             | license change, eg. Spacelift.
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | You certainly have to appreciate the irony of Hashi
               | calling others freeloaders, having integrated Open Policy
               | Agent into TFC/TFE and contributing nothing in exchange.
        
               | quacker wrote:
               | It's also ironic that most of the companies supporting
               | OpenTF have closed-source products, yet they demand that
               | HashiCorp keep their products open source.
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | Not really, commercial Hashi products are closed-source,
               | too.
        
               | quacker wrote:
               | The core of every HashiCorp product is/was OSS. None of
               | Spacelift is OSS, for example.
               | 
               | I'm not claiming it's not the same monetization model,
               | but with endless talk from these companies about the
               | commitment to OSS and the virtues of OSS and the benefits
               | HashiCorp has and would continue to receive by keeping
               | their code OSS - it's just ironic to see most of these
               | companies have no open source code and aren't actually
               | willing to commit to an OSS model.
        
               | stephenr wrote:
               | I can't say I'm familiar with the other companies/their
               | tools but I assume they're all somewhat nebulous to
               | terraform - did they not try to contribute back to
               | hashicorp terraform?
               | 
               | In the TF scenario specifically it seems like it would
               | have been smarter for hashicorp to open the core oss
               | project to some outside contributors more directly
               | (potentially moving to a different "ownership" on GH).
               | 
               | Maybe they'll relent and throw support behind the new
               | project. Who knows.
        
               | ohad1282 wrote:
               | env0 founder here, and core member in the OpenTF
               | initiative. Thank you for your note. I wanted to mention
               | that indeed env0 enjoyed Terraform being free, but also
               | contributed back to the Terraform ecosystem, with
               | github.com/env0/terratag OSS and TheIaCPodcast.com for
               | education. Also important to mention another and probably
               | a more important key member in the OpenTF initiative -
               | Gruntwork, creators of Terragrunt and Terratest. I
               | believe we all contributed nicely to the community,
               | especially compared to our size / being small compared to
               | Hashi. Just my 2 cents, in order to add a bit more
               | context to "companies supporting OpenTF have closed-
               | source products".
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | jxjfkff wrote:
               | Competitors and freeloaders, okay. How about all the
               | people that never got paid to help build the ecosystem
               | around TF? Should they be fine with this?
        
               | Jka9rhnDJos wrote:
               | That's a hot take. Considering their repos has thousands
               | more contributors than they have had employees, ever.
               | Giving the middle finger to literally thousands of people
               | who have contributored to the Hashi core projects, not
               | including the tens of thousands that have contributed to
               | the plugin ecosystem. Many doing it on company time. Many
               | more doing it for free in their spare time. Millions of
               | dollars worth of contributions in developer time over the
               | last 7+ years. That Hashicorp didn't have to pay a penny
               | for.
        
               | saxonww wrote:
               | Also, I haven't read a lot about this, but I would be
               | very surprised if the Spacelifts of the world could not
               | work out a licensing arrangement.
               | 
               | The actual license at https://www.hashicorp.com/bsl says
               | "provided such use does not include offering the Licensed
               | Work to third parties on a hosted or embedded basis which
               | is competitive with HashiCorp's products." To me this
               | sounds like a self-hosted version of something could
               | still work with terraform, and you just have to provide
               | the binary yourself vs. it being pre-packaged. IANAL; it
               | would be pretty shitty if they started going after
               | products that support terraform as a tool that way.
        
               | bornfreddy wrote:
               | It would kind of make sense though? When part of the
               | product you are selling is made and supported by someone
               | else, don't they deserve a part of your income?
               | 
               | I know that FOSS works differently, but that's also the
               | reason why a lot of open source software is of
               | questionable quality. When the development becomes a
               | burden (is not fun anymore) and nobody is compensated,
               | why would someone waste their time on it? Good will only
               | goes that far.
               | 
               | Not suggesting that proprietary software is without
               | faults, but maybe such licenses are a good comprise?
        
               | joshpadnick wrote:
               | Gruntwork co-founder/OpenTF core member here. Hashi went
               | out of their way to clarify that you couldn't do this.
               | https://www.hashicorp.com/license-faq#what-does-embedded-
               | mea...
        
               | saxonww wrote:
               | Well that does suck. I would also wonder if that's a
               | legal battle they would win.
               | 
               | I've never used Spacelift, etc. so I may be off base with
               | the comparison. But I think about them like specialized
               | CD tools that do nice things with/for terraform. Their
               | value is that you don't have to implement these nice
               | integrations yourself in e.g. Jenkins.
               | 
               | So replace Spacelift with Jenkins. There are some
               | community plugins that idk, facilitate reporting plan
               | impact from code changes. Is Cloudbees now in violation
               | of Hashicorp's license?
               | 
               | Regardless, good luck.
        
             | bornfreddy wrote:
             | Thank you for correcting me!
             | 
             | Two sources (mariadb and fossa.com) claim that by BSL any
             | production use requires a different (commercial) licence,
             | while HashiCorp's explanation [0] indeed tells that there
             | is no change except for those providing competitive
             | offerings (I'll take their word for it). Which seems...
             | more than fair? Not sure what the uproar is about either,
             | if anything, I understand (and support) HashiCorp. Too bad
             | about the split though.
             | 
             | [0] https://www.hashicorp.com/license-faq
        
               | BarryMilo wrote:
               | The uproar is that people and coompanies contributed to
               | the project without compensation, and are just now being
               | told Hashicorp has altered the deal... unilaterally.
               | 
               | I for one would not have built my infra on non-free
               | software, and I will certainly avoid it now.
        
               | znpy wrote:
               | Are you sure the MPL is free software?
               | 
               | Last time I checked, debian had to provide a forked
               | version of firefox and thunderbird because their license
               | (the MPL) wasn't free enough.
        
               | eitland wrote:
               | That was not about the license of the code I think.
               | 
               | The code for IceWeasel is still MPL, only they have
               | changed the artworks and names that are trademarked or
               | otherwise protected by Mozilla.
        
               | xorcist wrote:
               | Yes, the MPL is free software.
               | 
               | The FSF explicitly says so on
               | https://www.gnu.org/licenses/license-list.html and the
               | Mozilla project developed the license with the intent of
               | it being used in other free software projects. The
               | important difference is in its limited grant on patents.
               | 
               | The reason Debian avoids distributing Firefox is not
               | because of copyright licenses but because Mozilla
               | vigorously protects their trademarks, including "Firefox"
               | and the various logotypes. You are not allowed to
               | distribute them without permission, which Debian largely
               | wants to avoid to have in order to not set a precedent
               | which would impact further distribution of Debian and its
               | derivatives.
               | 
               | Mozilla does this to avoid the risk of third parties
               | offering Firefox with spyware-like modifications. One
               | might ask why Debian itself do not seem to suffer the
               | same problems. It seems like a problem mostly on
               | proprietary software distribution platforms in practice,
               | but it's certainly a possibility.
        
               | znpy wrote:
               | > unilaterally
               | 
               | Posting again because this is also misleading: if you
               | sign a DCO (developer certificate of agreement) and CLA
               | (contributor license agreement) you are almost often (it
               | not always) signing away the copyright of your work.
               | 
               | In doing so, the receiving party is legitimised to to
               | anything, including changing the license of all sources
               | (including your contribution).
               | 
               | If that's not okay with you then you should not sign that
               | CLAs. If you signed stuff without reading them... it's
               | your fault.
               | 
               | I'll said this in the past and I'll say this again: this
               | whole scenario could have been prevented by using a free
               | software license like the AGPL. Which is what Grafana
               | Labs did, and last time I checked Grafana (the company)
               | is doing just fine.
        
               | Jka9rhnDJos wrote:
               | This all reeks of "Embrace, Extend, Extinguish."
               | Encourage the community contribute and use your project,
               | help them setup and become integrated with custom
               | extensions and plugins, then rip the rug out from under
               | them and make them pay or else destroy their business.
               | 
               | I don't remember ever being asked to sign a CLA back in
               | 2016 when I contributed. But they moved my code out to a
               | plugin which was kept MIT. That code was there in the
               | core product for 5+ years while they were building their
               | business. My contributions helped them build their
               | business, and in turn, I used their contributions to help
               | the companies I was working for.
               | 
               | They broke the covenant of OSS: You make your source open
               | and MIT license it, you are giving it to the community to
               | let them do what they will. That's what the license says.
               | But, in turn, you get hundreds of thousands of people
               | contributing back, for free. Hashi puts in to it, the
               | community puts in to it, and we all make a great tool. We
               | send back bug fixes and write training blogs, etc., and
               | they don't tell us what to do with the project because
               | they're getting a lot out of the community anyways.
               | 
               | Hundreds of millions of people every day depend on
               | OpenSSL, but how many people have contributed to
               | maintaining it? How much of the web we use every day
               | depends on ffmpeg, yet I don't know anyone who has
               | contributed to that project. Many tens of thousands haved
               | blogged and promoted Terraform (et. al.) for free? Many
               | thousands more gave talks and training, without any
               | compensation from Hashicorp. The naysayers act like
               | Hashicorp has provided everything to the OSS community
               | and gotten nothing back.
               | 
               | - Terraform is written in Golang and utilizes gRPC to
               | communicate between plugins and core. What if Google
               | decided to re-license Go and gRPC and say that Terraform
               | couldn't use it because it was a competitor to Cloud
               | Deployment Manager or that Nomad and Consul are
               | competitors to GKE? It's all up to the license holders to
               | decide who's a competitor and tell them they can't do
               | that anymore. - Hashicorp uses Lets Encrypt for their
               | certificate authority for their website. Have they
               | contributed back to that project, either monetarily or in
               | dev time? Or do they just get free certificates for all
               | their websites automatically provisioned from a public
               | certificate authority supported and managed by other
               | companies?
               | 
               | AGPL has nothing to do with it. Hashicorp wants all the
               | contributions and bug fixes and blog posts and talks and
               | marketing and promotion and support and training, for
               | free, and also wants to be the only one to benefit. They
               | should have never MIT licensed the code 8 years.
        
               | bornfreddy wrote:
               | What are you talking about? The code is still there, the
               | same version, under the same license - your
               | contributions, if any, included. They just refuse to
               | develop under the same license _going forward_ , as is
               | their right. And competitors are free to fork, as they
               | did, as is their right. So what exactly is the problem?
               | Do you feel entitled for them to keep developing under
               | MIT license? Sorry, but you have no say in that, nor
               | should you.
        
               | BarryMilo wrote:
               | Legalized yes, legitimized, certainly not. This is not a
               | copyright issue, this is a loyalty issue: Betraying the
               | people who helped you get where you are is the kind of
               | move a company makes when they no longer care to be
               | perceived as ethical. This is not an important factor for
               | everyone, but it's usually a pretty big deal in the open
               | source world.
        
             | klooney wrote:
             | I have a dumb BUSL question- if you don't compete with
             | Terraform, but you do with something else, like Boundary,
             | can you still use TF? If Hashi releases a new product that
             | competes with you do you have to stop/license TF?
        
               | jxjfkff wrote:
               | Who knows? No answer given today is future proof.
               | 
               | Best advice I can give is not to use Hashicorp products
               | as the basis of any offering ever. Simply don't even
               | consider them.
        
               | bornfreddy wrote:
               | IANAL, but I would say yes, and yes.
               | 
               | https://www.hashicorp.com/license-faq#usage-limitations
               | 
               | > 11. What are the usage limitations for HashiCorp's
               | products under BSL? > All non-production uses are
               | permitted. All production uses are allowed other than
               | hosting or embedding the software in an offering
               | competitive with HashiCorp commercial products, hosted or
               | self-managed.
        
             | kpgalligan2 wrote:
             | I'm amazed and a bit dismayed by the general vibe in the
             | comments.
             | 
             | I'll preface this with I don't know anything about
             | Terraform, OpenTF, HashiCorp, etc. I couldn't even guess
             | what Terraform is. I'm in mobile dev. However, I work on
             | open source a lot and think about sustainability and
             | revenue streams quite a bit.
             | 
             | I read the manifesto. I saw the "revert the license or
             | we'll fork". What I didn't see is any form of trying to
             | work with HashiCorp on their goals. It seems like very
             | considerable resources have been pulled together to fork,
             | but I didn't see the part where anything remotely like that
             | level of effort and resources was on offer to HashiCorp to
             | rethink the plan and come up with a better answer.
             | 
             | As I understand it (which is based off of some comments.
             | See above about not knowing anything about this), a good
             | chunk of the resources are actually from competitors. If
             | true, it takes a lot of the sting out of the "HashiCorp are
             | jerks" argument. I mean, I'm not saying they're not, but
             | it's more like, "HashiCorp changed the license so they
             | could push back on competition, so the competition forked
             | the code". I don't really expect "right and wrong" from
             | companies, or open source for that matter. But the spin and
             | vibe feel a little misdirected.
             | 
             | I mean, don't get me wrong. Building up a community who
             | contributes, then doing a rug pull, sucks. However, the
             | "company does a risky thing and builds this awesome tool,
             | then a bunch of others fast follow and exploit it" has
             | become very common, and it is going to be a bad thing in
             | the long run. You can say "We believe that the essential
             | building blocks of the modern Internet, such as Linux,
             | Kubernetes, and Terraform need to be truly open source",
             | but to be fair, Terraform was not an essential building
             | block until somebody built it.
             | 
             | As much as license rug-pulls damage user/community
             | investment, fast-follow competition and the threat of
             | forking will ensure far less investment in the very kind of
             | open source everybody wants.
             | 
             | There is a financial sustainability problem involved in
             | "big open source", and we are seeing the changes. In many
             | ways, it simply has to happen. Going forward, I do hope new
             | products like this start with a license that works rather
             | than changing, as that is obviously not appreciated, but
             | many devs reflexively avoid that kind of arrangement, even
             | if it costs nothing to use.
             | 
             | Anyway, just thinking out loud. Hashicorp might be run
             | psychopaths. I have no idea. In a general sense, though,
             | the whole industry is going to need some new models. If
             | it's just "fully open source or nothing!", there's a whole
             | class of tools that won't exist. Building things is risky
             | and expensive. I don't want to go back to when everything
             | was closed source and needed a license, but open source
             | without a reasonably protectable revenue model will
             | definitely limit what gets built and why. And as we like to
             | say, "if you're not the customer, maybe you're the
             | product", or something like that :)
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | > offer to HashiCorp
               | 
               | Not sure about others but at Spacelift we tried to
               | partner with Hashi, especially that ours is a higher
               | level platform that connects various tools (eg. Ansible,
               | Kubernetes, CloudFormation etc.), policies and processes,
               | and it would not be hard to imagine how it could work
               | with TFC/TFE's remote execution. The answer was a very
               | loud and clear "NO".
        
             | SebastianStadil wrote:
             | What we expect them to do? How about making better
             | commercial products to start?
        
               | swozey wrote:
               | I just went through about 20-30 SRE interviews while
               | hiring an SRE II for my team. Every single one of them
               | that had state management at all used terraform cloud. I
               | found that really interesting because I've never heard
               | positives about it vs the others (spacelift, env0,
               | terrateam, brainboard etc). Not a single one of them had
               | anything other than tfc. Not even atlantis.
        
               | technics256 wrote:
               | That's funny, I've only ever used Atlantis with a
               | smattering of tfc
        
               | notnmeyer wrote:
               | same. love atlantis. was happy to read that atlantis
               | isn't impacted by these changes.
        
               | swozey wrote:
               | I've only used Atlantis as well! We actually need to
               | decide on a service next month. I haven't demoed it yet
               | but I'm really aiming to use brainboard.co if it actually
               | does what it says. It's priced per user, not some weird
               | deployments a month price and it honestly looks amazing.
               | Gives you a gui to move resources around, imports your
               | current state, etc.
        
               | jxjfkff wrote:
               | I've helped companies evaluate TF Cloud few times and not
               | a single time they could be convinced to adopt it.
               | 
               | I've also interviewed dozens of SREs and zero had
               | experience with TF Cloud.
        
               | Jka9rhnDJos wrote:
               | Hashi bought Atlantis.
        
               | ohad1282 wrote:
               | env0 founder here. What were the main reasons that they
               | used TFC? was it the ability for Hashi to fix things in
               | Terraform CLI/providers? was it their size / "nobody gets
               | fired for buying IBM"? something better in the product?
               | something else? would love your insights here
        
           | mcfedr wrote:
           | There is no such thing as an open source license that
           | prevents others from doing something specific with the
           | software, that's basically the point of open source.
        
         | igorzij wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
       | segevg wrote:
       | I don't think Hashi thought the community will react so fast.
        
       | Proven wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | dhess wrote:
       | What's the plan for dealing with the Terraform CDK?
        
         | bilalq wrote:
         | This is a big question for me. The CDK style form of authoring
         | IaC is way better than config files in HCL/YML/JSON. It has
         | some rough edges and I do wish it wasn't so gung-ho on the
         | magical object-oriented constructor side-effects, but it's
         | still a net improvement.
         | 
         | CDKTF looks promising. How will OpenTF interplay with it?
        
           | fishnchips wrote:
           | I'm not into the CDK at all to be honest but isn't it a
           | glorified preprocessor that generates the JSON representation
           | of Terraform input, which is then processed as usual by your
           | regular Terraform binary?
        
             | Coryodaniel wrote:
             | This is correct. TFCDK is also MPL (for now?).
             | 
             | You will be able to generate tfjson w tfcdk and execute it
             | with opentf
        
             | paulddraper wrote:
             | Yes.
             | 
             | But a preprocessor that deserves the glory.
             | 
             | Imagine writing in a real programming language, with real
             | variables, loops, function calls, etc. And then imagine
             | trying to use HCL instead.
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | To each his own I guess. I personally like the HTML-like
               | mental model that HCL gives me. In a sense not being a
               | programming language is to me a benefit. If anything, I'd
               | love to see an equivalent of CSS to Terraform - an idea
               | someone smarter than me was floating not so long ago.
               | Decoupling structure from specifics - I can see a well
               | thought-out implementation of this concept actually
               | taking off.
               | 
               | Re: programming languages... I love programming. Just not
               | my infra.
        
               | paulddraper wrote:
               | HTML is a wonderful example.
               | 
               | Very few applications built as HTML. Always some
               | templating language/process on top of it.
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | Touche.
        
               | spicyusername wrote:
               | Sounds like a recipe for hard to read, bespoke, spaghetti
               | to me.
               | 
               | One of the benefits to HCL is standardization. Every
               | terraform module looks exactly the same as every other
               | module.
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | evantbyrne wrote:
       | It would be amazing if these efforts included fully documenting
       | Terraform's Go interface and developing it into a first-class
       | library. Being forced to interface with Terraform through HCL
       | really holds it back.
        
         | fishnchips wrote:
         | That's literally one of my personal goals - to open up the
         | libraries so that new and beautiful things can be built on top
         | of it without having to reinvent the wheel. You will see it
         | being part of the manifesto which says:
         | 
         | _Layered and modular - with a programmer-friendly project
         | structure to encourage building on top, enabling a new vibrant
         | ecosystem of tools and integrations_
        
           | evantbyrne wrote:
           | Looking forward to seeing what you develop or even just
           | expose with documentation! Terraform felt artificially
           | constrained by the UI when I used it to MVP my CD platform. I
           | suspect Hashicorp uses an undocumented Go interface
           | internally for Terraform Cloud.
        
             | fishnchips wrote:
             | > I suspect Hashicorp uses an undocumented Go interface
             | internally for Terraform Cloud.
             | 
             | That API is public [0], though only a small subset of it is
             | needed for the cloud backend.
             | 
             | [0] https://developer.hashicorp.com/terraform/cloud-
             | docs/api-doc...
        
               | evantbyrne wrote:
               | Sorry I should have been more clear, I meant the Go code
               | that underlies the terminal UI. Maybe I'm totally off-
               | base on my assumption, but my assumption is they aren't
               | booting up individual terraform processes behind the
               | scenes.
        
       | serverlessmania wrote:
       | If AWS is the only cloud you're company using, do your self a
       | favor and use cloudformation
        
       | deknos wrote:
       | Well, do they also care about vault, vagrant and packer?
        
       | danpalmer wrote:
       | I'm thrilled to see that OpenTF appears to be aiming to win on
       | _positives_ , not _negatives_. They could be focusing on the
       | licence and their perception of Hashicorp, but instead there 's a
       | lot of emphasis on the positive: getting up and running quickly,
       | upcoming releases, public roadmap, and pledges of engineering
       | work.
       | 
       | In the long run few will care about this licencing change (as
       | much as they should!) - business users will accept it,
       | individuals won't take any notice, and competitors would get
       | mired in issues as expected. Basically a win for Hashicorp.
       | 
       | But winning on positive changes beats licencing issues. Business
       | users will go where the centre of gravity in the ecosystem is,
       | individuals will too, and will prefer free (in both senses)
       | solutions, and competitors will push this hard to all their
       | customers. It'll be interesting to see Hashicorp needing to build
       | OpenTF support into their products to remain compatible.
       | 
       | > So far, four companies pledged the equivalent of 14 full-time
       | engineers (FTEs) to the OpenTF initiative. We expect this number
       | to at least double in the following few weeks. To give you some
       | perspective, Terraform was effectively maintained by about 5 FTEs
       | from HashiCorp in the last 2 years. If you don't believe us, look
       | at their repository.
       | 
       | Wow. Even if most of this doesn't actually play out in the long
       | run, that's some good support.
        
         | skrebbel wrote:
         | For anyone also wondering, that last quote is from here:
         | https://opentf.org/#why-fork
        
         | zaphirplane wrote:
         | I am sceptical that 14 - 28 FTE will be dedicated to openTF. If
         | I was to guess it is 14-28 people working on their companies
         | offering and when needed upstreaming bug fixes and features, PR
         | review
         | 
         | env0 a small Company is providing 5 FTE, the web claims their
         | revenue is <5m (1.4m)
        
           | cube2222 wrote:
           | We actually specifically don't want this to be our employees.
           | Rather, we want the foundation to employ the maintainers
           | (whom we'll pay for). Which is partially because of the bad
           | incentives the former approach creates.
           | 
           | Disclaimer: Work at Spacelift, and currently temporary
           | Technical Lead of the OpenTF Project, until it's committee-
           | steered.
        
             | justinclift wrote:
             | Sounds like a good first plan to go with, with a decent
             | chance of success. :)
        
           | ohad1282 wrote:
           | env0 founder here. env0 raised $42M (from investors such as
           | Microsoft) and growing fast. We are honored to support OpenTF
           | and already assigned 5 engineers (you will see the usernames
           | in the opentf GitHub repo once that become public).
        
         | EspressoGPT wrote:
         | > They could be focusing on the licence and their perception of
         | Hashicorp
         | 
         | They literally do:
         | 
         | "HashiCorp even had all contributors sign a CLA which
         | explicitly said (link to the CLA in the Internet Archive as
         | HashiCorp has of course removed this wording): [...]
         | 
         | The move to BUSL--which is not a free and open source license--
         | broke the implicit contract. That was the brash action!
         | 
         | Terraform would've never gotten the adoption it did, or all the
         | contributions from the community had it not been open source.
         | Most of us would've never agreed to the CLA to contribute to
         | the project if it was BUSL licensed. Taking all those
         | contributions and all that community trust, and then changing
         | to the BUSL license is a bait and switch." [1]
         | 
         | I agree with the overall sentiment, but they could've left out
         | all the judging side comments.
         | 
         | [1] Source: https://opentf.org/#why-fork
        
           | jen20 wrote:
           | > "HashiCorp even had all contributors sign a CLA
           | 
           | Of course, this is untrue. They may have had all contributors
           | after some specific date sign one, but it is simply untrue
           | that all contributors have signed one at all.
        
             | mattl wrote:
             | How did they relicense without one?
        
               | Jka9rhnDJos wrote:
               | Remove the code from the repo, put it in another repo,
               | probably. I don't remember signing a CLA 7 years ago, but
               | somehow they relicensed without me needing to agree. All
               | my code was pulled out into a separate package/plugin
               | that is still MIT.
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | How indeed.
        
               | jen20 wrote:
               | Directly answered by [1].
               | 
               | [1]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37266016
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | Answered incorrectly. All the code is relicensed with
               | BUSL header on each and every file.
        
               | jen20 wrote:
               | Again, wrong. Whether that has been done is independent
               | of whether that is permissible, based on copyright
               | assignment.
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | Are you implying they had no right to do that?
        
               | jacoblambda wrote:
               | Strictly speaking it is on Hashicorp to prove that they
               | had the right to re-license the code. Which would require
               | listing all contributors and whether a given contributor
               | gave written agreement to re-license the code or whether
               | they had signed a CTA or CLA.
               | 
               | To my knowledge they have not done that so anybody whose
               | code is being used without permission could fight them on
               | copyright infringement.
               | 
               | And worth noting is that they don't have a particularly
               | small number of contributors. Terraform has over 1700
               | contributors and many of the other repos have over 1000
               | contributors or close to 1000 contributors (unsure of the
               | overlap).
               | 
               | If they only started requiring a CLA or CTA later into
               | their development, they probably haven't gotten
               | permission from all the rights holders.
        
               | jeremyjh wrote:
               | Changing the license in the repo does not change the
               | license of files you have already distributed under the
               | MPL. That would require them to revoke all those
               | licenses, which they can't do under the terms of that
               | license that they've already agreed to. This entire
               | thread and OpenTF, and maybe all of OSS itself would
               | probably not exist if that were not the case.
               | 
               | In the official repo I can still check out an older
               | commit with the MPL on it, which means they are still
               | distributing code under that license, but it wouldn't
               | matter if that were the case or not under the law.
               | 
               | edit: In fact, software as a business ( and many other
               | professions ) would not exist if license terms could be
               | changed or revoked after distribution. License changes
               | for new software to be distributed can change, sure. But
               | short of a breach of contract as outlined in the license
               | itself you cannot change a license you have granted.
        
               | jacoblambda wrote:
               | That's not what they mean. They went through every file
               | in the repository and updated the license to BUSL from
               | MPL.
               | 
               | Unless they have approval from each contributor for a
               | given file (or the contributor signed a CTA or CLA), they
               | cannot re-license that particular file.
               | 
               | It's still MPL and only once all contributors approve or
               | the MPL code is removed can it be re-licensed to an
               | incompatible license.
               | 
               | Of course if they had wanted to move to a compatible
               | license, for a lot of FOSS licenses that is an option.
               | Regardless of whether that is an option for the MPL, they
               | are moving to an incompatible license and could not do
               | this.
               | 
               | ----
               | 
               | So their only options for files that they can't convert
               | to the BUSL from the MPL are:
               | 
               | 1. Keep contributions to those files under the MPL but
               | require contributors to sign a CTA or CLA guaranteeing
               | those contributions can later be relicensed.
               | 
               | 2. Move BUSL contributions out of the file and only keep
               | the MPL contributions in that file until they've all been
               | replaced.
               | 
               | Doing otherwise is violating the MPL.
        
               | jen20 wrote:
               | They did not relicense.
               | 
               | All HashiCorp have done is made their own future
               | contributions subject to BSL, not relicensed any previous
               | contribution, nor do they have the ability to do that
               | without copyright assignment of each and every
               | contribution, which they do not have (specifically I have
               | never signed a copyright assignment, and nor has at least
               | one other of the top ten contributors of all time).
               | 
               | Nothing about MPLv2 prevents inclusion in a commercial
               | product provided the attribution and file-based copyleft
               | provisions are followed.
        
               | pxc wrote:
               | > All HashiCorp have done is made their own future
               | contributions subject to BSL, not relicensed any previous
               | contribution,
               | 
               | There's are only 2 .go files left in the
               | hashicorp/terraform repo on GitHub which still have
               | MPL-2.0 in their license headers, so either there are
               | virtually no such contributions left in Terraform or they
               | have in fact attempted to relicense code.
               | 
               | This looks like relicensing to me: https://github.com/has
               | hicorp/terraform/commit/53c34ff49cfbc1...
               | 
               | Btw, no .go file that you still show up in `git blame`
               | for has an MPL notice header.
        
               | chris_wot wrote:
               | The LibreOffice project faced a similar dilemma and have
               | carefully kept the old licenses in their files, and new
               | license in new code in new files.
        
               | asddubs wrote:
               | what license did they change to/from?
        
               | jen20 wrote:
               | I will follow up on that, it was not the case even quite
               | recently. If they really have rewritten all code, then
               | great - I have no problem with this!
        
               | pxc wrote:
               | Replacing code whose license you don't want is definitely
               | a fair-and-square way to manage a project and change the
               | overall terms under which you can distribute it. (As it
               | happens, that tactic is often essential to efforts to
               | open-source formerly proprietary projects, too.)
        
               | therealpygon wrote:
               | *Provided that the replacement is not simply a rewritten
               | version of the same code that achieves the same result
               | through overwhelmingly similar methodology.
        
               | jolux wrote:
               | The function of code is explicitly not protected by
               | copyright and the breadth of this exemption was clarified
               | and expanded by Google vs Oracle.
        
               | foota wrote:
               | Is that something you can do? I wouldn't have thought
               | there previous license would be compatible with the BSL,
               | and so distributing the software under the BSL wouldn't
               | be possible?
        
               | jaggederest wrote:
               | It's standard for BSD and MIT style licenses and similar
               | to just require the copyright notice be retained in e.g.
               | a LICENSE file or equivalent.
               | 
               | A bunch of commercial software right now (cough I'm
               | writing this on MacOS) uses BSD-licensed foundations.
        
               | jen20 wrote:
               | MPLv2 is file-based copyleft, and there are no
               | restrictions on including it in a commercial work
               | provided that changes to MPLv2-licensed files are
               | accessible per the terms.
               | 
               | Indeed it's something of a spiritual successor to CDDL
               | which was designed precisely for that purpose (although
               | reliable sources also say it was designed to be GPL-
               | incompatible, so that is literally a he-said/she-said
               | case).
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | osigurdson wrote:
           | Can anyone fork and change the license? I assume yes if
           | originally MIT or similar.
           | 
           | I wish it were not the case. It should be more like
           | contributors get paid like employees retroactively in a
           | situation like this but no idea how something could be
           | structured like this.
        
             | Xylakant wrote:
             | Strictly speaking, no. MIT does not give you permissions to
             | change the license. But you can incorporate MIT licensed
             | code into a project that contains code that is under a
             | different license of your choice, open or closed source for
             | a nearly identical effect.
             | 
             | So you can just license all future contributions under AGPL
             | and use the MIT licensed code, effectively making the
             | combined work AGPL. But the MIT part remains MIT, anyone
             | could fork your project, remove all AGPL code and return to
             | MIT. It's wise to clearly mark which code is which,
             | especially since MIT requires that the copyright notice
             | must be retained:
             | 
             | > The above copyright notice and this permission notice
             | shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of
             | the Software.
        
               | osigurdson wrote:
               | Well, the only action I can take is to stop being a HCP
               | shareholder - which is happening on Monday.
        
           | wokwokwok wrote:
           | Oh come now, that's a stretch.
           | 
           | In the announcement literally the _only mention_ of this is:
           | 
           | > The manifesto outlined the intent of the OpenTF initiative
           | in two steps -- the first was to appeal to HashiCorp to
           | return Terraform to the community and revert the license
           | change they were making for this project. The second, in case
           | the license was not reverted, was to fork the Terraform
           | project as OpenTF.
           | 
           | > Since no reversal has been done, and no intent to do one
           | has been communicated, we're proud to announce that we have
           | created a fork of Terraform called OpenTF.
           | 
           | What you've quoted and linked to is the manifesto before this
           | announcement.
           | 
           | They could have played the announcement much differently to
           | how they did, but they chose not to, and chose to focus on
           | the positives instead.
           | 
           | It's not even in the announcement faq.
           | 
           | > they could've left out all the judging side comments.
           | 
           | That is _literally_ what they did.
           | 
           | I imagine the manifesto will disappear now that it is,
           | obviously, superseded.
           | 
           | Just give it a tiny bit of time, yeah? Come on, what they're
           | doing seems like good work, well played and without
           | nastiness.
        
             | joshpadnick wrote:
             | OpenTF core member here. To build on this comment, we've
             | tried to intentionally focus on positively meeting our
             | needs, not on negatively villifying another company for
             | trying to meet their needs. You can see a good example of
             | this in https://github.com/opentffoundation/manifesto/issue
             | s/165#iss....
             | 
             | We do not fault HashiCorp for trying to build a thriving
             | business and we respect their amazing achievements and
             | contributions. However, on this one issue of the Terraform
             | license, we do not agree with their position and believe
             | strongly in the need for a truly open source, community-
             | driven Terraform.
        
               | JellyBeanThief wrote:
               | Man, you guys should give a masterclass on launching
               | open-source forks with professionalism and positivity.
        
         | gjvc wrote:
         | _I 'm thrilled to see that OpenTF appears to be aiming to win
         | on positives, not negatives._
         | 
         | "Culture eats strategy for breakfast." -- Peter Drucker
        
         | robertlagrant wrote:
         | It's support from companies who make money from Terraform being
         | free, and at least one looked like a direct Terraform Cloud
         | competitor that probably hurt Hashicorp's chances of making
         | Terraform profitable.
         | 
         | It makes sense they'd do this, but we need to stop loving
         | people who appear to give us things. They're just making
         | reasonable business decisions.
        
           | tonyhb wrote:
           | Yeah. I don't really love that companies exploited something
           | hashicorp gave away for free, then play good when they
           | finally have to commit to the ecosystem when hashicorp takes
           | it away.
           | 
           | Where was this support when they built a business on this
           | free work?
        
             | skywhopper wrote:
             | Hashicorp builds its Terraform business on the free work of
             | thousands of contributors to various Terraform providers.
             | It's also true that Hashicorp never really accepted PRs to
             | Terraform itself, so there wasn't a way for these companies
             | to contribute directly anyway until now. They are seizing
             | the opportunity to do so now that it's feasible.
        
             | sausagefeet wrote:
             | Hello! I think your comment is missing some facts that
             | might change your opinion:
             | 
             | 1. Open-source software is a gift to the world. You make
             | it, release it, and people can do whatever they want with
             | it, including not contribute back. There is no exploitation
             | here. You can build a trillion dollar business on top of
             | Linux, without paying Linux anything. This is how open
             | source is meant to work. This is the known contract when
             | you release something as open source. To imply that by
             | following the spirit of open source, somehow HashiCorp, a 5
             | or 6 billion dollar company is being exploited doesn't
             | quite jive, IMO.
             | 
             | 2. HCP has been clear that they will not put forth
             | resources to review pull requests. They let many good pull
             | requests languish until they die. If HCP were better
             | stewards of the Terraform community and prioritized
             | contributions, would things be different? I don't know. But
             | I think if one is going to say the competitors should have
             | contributed to Terraform, one also has to acknowledge that
             | HCP has explicitly stated they are not going to prioritize
             | reviewing your contribution. If you're looking for the best
             | way to spend your engineering time, the best business
             | decision for you is probably not to spend a lot of time on
             | a piece of work that may die in the vine.
             | 
             | 3. But it's not even just to say none of these folks have
             | contributed back. They may not have many commits in the
             | repository, but Gruntwork has created Terragrunt, which is
             | free and open source. This has impacted the community
             | considerably. The founders have written a book on
             | Terraform.
             | 
             | 4. Where is HCPs acknowledgment of all of the people that
             | saw Terraform as stable open source foundation to build
             | providers for, to build tooling for, to contribute pull
             | requests to? Terraform itself is pretty simple, the hard
             | work is in the providers. HCP makes some of the important
             | providers, yes, but so many providers are made because
             | Terraform is popular. HCP wants to make this all about
             | them. They want you to think they put all the work into
             | making Terraform what it is today. They did put a lot of
             | work in, but the community did too!
        
               | pm90 wrote:
               | > Terraform itself is pretty simple, the hard work is in
               | the providers. HCP makes some of the important providers,
               | yes, but so many providers are made because Terraform is
               | popular. HCP wants to make this all about them. They want
               | you to think they put all the work into making Terraform
               | what it is today. They did put a lot of work in, but the
               | community did too!
               | 
               | Could not agree more. Terraform, the tool is quite
               | simple, engineering wise. Its the providers that interact
               | with all the different apis, thats where the complexity
               | lies in, and where a lot of community (+ corporate,
               | through official providers) effort has gone in, and what
               | has provided the most value.
        
           | skunix wrote:
           | [dead]
        
           | ohad1282 wrote:
           | env0 founder here, direct competition of Terraform Cloud, and
           | core member in the OpenTF initiative. Thank you for your
           | note. I wanted to mention that indeed env0 enjoyed Terraform
           | being free, but also contributed back to the Terraform
           | ecosystem, with github.com/env0/terratag OSS and
           | TheIaCPodcast.com for education. Also important to mention
           | another and probably a more important key member in the
           | OpenTF initiative - Gruntwork, creators of Terragrunt and
           | Terratest. I believe we all contributed nicely to the
           | community. Just my 2 cents, in order to add a bit more
           | context to "companies who make money from Terraform being
           | free".
        
             | robertlagrant wrote:
             | Understood - but that was completely for your own gain.
             | There's nothing wrong with that, but I don't like the
             | mischaracterisation of HashiCorp as the baddies and this
             | new entity as the goodies. Hashicorp just were too open and
             | giving, and didn't have a way to profit from all the money
             | they invested, the way you and others have profited from
             | their investment.
        
               | ohad1282 wrote:
               | I could not agree more. Hashicorp are not the baddies.
               | They did what they chose is right for them. They have any
               | right to do so. Also, what Hashi did for OSS in the last
               | decade is amazing, made OSS better and built many
               | communities. Now it is time for something/somebody else
               | to keep Terraform OSS. env0 is proud to take a
               | significant part in this initiative (together with our
               | friends in other companies and the support we got from
               | the community so far), forking Terraform into opentf and
               | donating opentf to CNCF/LF.
        
           | rapnie wrote:
           | > It makes sense they'd do this, but we need to stop loving
           | people who appear to give us things. They're just making
           | reasonable business decisions.
           | 
           | I don't see OP talking about 'loving people'. Just stating
           | that a very good approach was taken. Wrt 'give us things', it
           | is not about giving either (that's like free beer), but about
           | freedom. If OpenTF indeed ends up under Linux Foundation /
           | CNCF it doesn't matter how many competitors are involved, but
           | that freedoms are assured.
        
             | robertlagrant wrote:
             | Well, OpenTF hasn't given anyone anything there - the
             | original open source licence Hashicorp put in place is why
             | CNCF/LF can adopt the project. OpenTF is just an
             | administrative middleman in that process.
             | 
             | My comment was about a previous commenter thinking it was
             | amazing that other companies put FTEs in place for a few
             | years to work on OpenTF. It's not amazing; their businesses
             | were built on Hashicorp licencing Terraform as OSS. They've
             | been given far, far more than a few FTEs' worth of effort,
             | and their continued existence depends on OpenTF being
             | actively developed. It's not a noble thing (unlike the
             | original open sourcing); it's just business as usual.
        
           | prepend wrote:
           | I prefer reasonable business decisions that support open
           | source software over companies baiting and switching.
           | 
           | If Hashicorp didn't have a business plan that made money off
           | terraform being OSS then the time for that was years ago.
           | 
           | If you release as OSS then your competitors will use it to.
           | This is predictable and all plans should account for it.
           | 
           | This competition didn't hurt Hashicorps chances of
           | profitability, they were factored in from the beginning.
        
             | pxc wrote:
             | > This competition didn't hurt Hashicorps chances of
             | profitability, they were factored in from the beginning.
             | 
             | They weren't, actually.
             | 
             | From a Hashicorp FAQ article (which is a transcript of a
             | video interview which has since been delisted from YouTube)
             | titled 'Why is HashiCorp committed to open source?':
             | 
             | > Mitchell: [I]t's always sort of been a default for me.
             | [...] When we were starting the first projects, we both
             | didn't intend to ever start a company around them. There
             | was no monetization goal at all, and so I think open source
             | was an obvious default then.
             | 
             | https://www.hashicorp.com/resources/why-is-hashicorp-
             | committ...
        
               | cloudbrewer wrote:
               | Dave Mcjannet, HashiCorp's CEO explains their strategy
               | behind Open Source Communities:
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=59rEiAyYEVk&t=1002s
        
               | Pet_Ant wrote:
               | Any transcript?
        
               | cloudbrewer wrote:
               | Sure, some of it. In Uppercase the most important
               | strategy messages.
               | 
               | DM: Dave McJannet, CEO at HashiCor
               | 
               | GS: Glenn Solomon, GGV Capital Managing Partner
               | 
               | 15:22 GS: "...reminds me a little bit of you know when
               | you when you listen to Mitchell and Armand talk about the
               | early days with the open source and how they were kind of
               | you know hand to hand go really going going for meetup to
               | meet up and trying to get feedback from users..."
               | 
               | 15:43 DM "yeah I think open source lends us up really
               | well to the rapid open feedback loops which is one of the
               | reasons why I think the best products are built in open
               | source YOU HAVE TO BE REALLY CLEAR ON WHAT THE
               | MONETIZATION PATH IS but but the feedback groups are hard
               | to beat um you know I think the the neat thing about that
               | we've done is we actually uh we did it on six different
               | products and now eight so we've kind of run the same..."
               | 
               | 16:18 DM "how do you get that minimum viable audience
               | right that there are different ways you can do that in
               | the early days we did that through social media um I have
               | to talk about that one um and you know content and
               | entertaining people but I think this notion of also
               | building Network effects into the products is the other
               | reason so yes we went knocking door to door but it was
               | deeply considered in terms of how you integrate..."
               | 
               | 16:43 DM "think about how terraform works as an example
               | there's terraform core and then there's a plug-in for
               | every piece of infrastructure in the world THAT'S ON
               | PURPOSE RIGHT AND THE PROJECT'S ACTUALLY CONSTRUCTED THAT
               | WAY SO THAT OTHER PEOPLE CONTRIBUTE AND COLLABORATE so
               | there are lots of different ways to do that but
               | ultimately it's about Network effects and how you drive
               | it and then..."
               | 
               | 17:11 GS "Dave start with you maybe uh talk a little bit
               | more about like uh what what that TERRAFORM PROVIDER
               | COMMUNITY is built um uh how you get third parties
               | involved and like what what's been some of the secret
               | sauce that's made it so Central"
               | 
               | 18:08 DM "... so I went to Microsoft and I went to Oracle
               | and I said hey I think we can help you I went to Google
               | we can really help you because you're way behind and and
               | and we actually did BD deals with them to to get into
               | their communities to make it relevant to their
               | communities and IT WAS DELIBERATE there are only four
               | communities that mattered at that time and we kind of
               | played them off against each other then we invested
               | deeply in this digital distribution channel OF A
               | MALICIOUS USER JOURNEY to success for people it was a
               | combination of that kind of the anchor tenants plus the
               | big investment in the digital experience plus you know we
               | you know we to this day we probably have 60 people..."
               | 
               | 18:54 DM "today yeah so today there are about two and a
               | half thousand terraform providers out there in the world
               | we develop about five of them um because what we were
               | able to do is WE'RE ABLE TO FLIP THE MARKET AGAIN THIS IS
               | A LOT IT'S A LONGER LONGER DESCRIPTION IT'S LIKE IT'S
               | IT'S VERY MALICIOUS IT'S THE RIGHT WORD so what we did is
               | we said hey we decomposed the project into core Plus
               | providers because that's how you do it in the open source
               | Community we control core outright and play every
               | committer but anybody can contribute to a provider but
               | number one we control the certification process right
               | nobody else can certify it number two we then when we got
               | to you know we knew if we got to 200 The Fortune 500
               | using terraform to interface TO AMAZON IT WAS OVER
               | BECAUSE THEY'RE IN CHARGE not Amazon and so you were then
               | able to force every isv in the world to say if you want
               | to be part of you know JP Morgan's Cloud program you have
               | to build a terraform provider so it was a combination of
               | a few things like that but IT'S VERY VERY DELIBERATE SORT
               | OF THE ARCHITECTURE of the projects owning the
               | certification process and then then owning the key
               | communities that you care about..."
        
               | pxc wrote:
               | To complement sibling post, some other stuff that I think
               | makes it clear that open-source was not one of
               | HashiCorp's values even before this change:
               | 
               | DM@07:30: So how we think about it is, we're kind of
               | obsessive about journeys. [...] And we decompose the
               | personas into two: there's the practitioner, and then
               | there's the decision-maker. The practitioner, you're
               | trying to progress through a journey of discover and
               | learn, try and trial, use and advocate-- and you do not
               | care if they buy anything from you. The decision-maker
               | you're trying to progress through the why/try/buy
               | journey. [...] It is a _pre-dredged river_ , it is _not
               | fair_ ; they _do not know what is happening to them_.
               | They are not going where they think they are going-- they
               | are going where _I_ want them to go. [...] And it turns
               | out it works.
               | 
               | GS: Is there anything specific, do you think, about open-
               | source that you layer in?
               | 
               | DM: For us, open-source is really just a distribution
               | channel. (Also it's a development channel, but
               | predominantly it's a distribution channel.) [...] So I
               | don't think it matters whether it's open-source or not,
               | as much as just being really, really obsessive about the
               | digital videogame that you play.
               | 
               | --
               | 
               | On the one hand, it's nice that Dave McJannet is so up-
               | front about these strategies, how manipulation is a part
               | of them, and how much market positioning is about pushing
               | people around to retain control of an ecosystem.
               | 
               | On the other hand, he sounds like a pushy, arrogant
               | asshole tbf.
        
               | robotblake wrote:
               | FWIW this page has also now been deleted.
        
               | Pet_Ant wrote:
               | That feels very icky to delete that at this very point in
               | time. It's PR, it's spin, very corporate, very
               | untrustworthy. They could have left it up and responded
               | to it, but deleting is manipulation in this case.
        
               | pxc wrote:
               | Agreed, although there's no good way for them to leave
               | that up.
               | 
               | No matter what addendum they add, or how they mark it as
               | archival, it reveals that HashiCorp was not actually
               | _committed_ to open-source like they claimed to be. Their
               | word was  'committed', but in actuality open-source was
               | just a feature of the license they happened to be using
               | at the time. So that page will always invite questions
               | about what else they say they're 'committed to'.
               | 
               | Leaving it up but changing the title would seem
               | underhanded in the same way. Leaving it up and changing
               | nothing would be confusing and look like an obvious
               | oversight.
               | 
               | The page had to go, I guess.
        
               | wumms wrote:
               | https://archive.is/zfdmS
               | 
               | (Snapshot from archive.org)
        
               | prepend wrote:
               | They should have been. Them being irresponsible early on
               | is negative for the community.
               | 
               | Cynically, I believe they intentionally were stupid
               | knowing that their tool would only become widely used if
               | open source (who wants infrastructure as code locked into
               | some proprietary thing).
        
               | pxc wrote:
               | One of the things that comes through for me in that FAQ,
               | Mitchell's story about learning to code by reading and
               | playing with open-source projects, and Armon's assertion
               | that this license change is continuous with the company's
               | original 'open-source ethos' is that this has always
               | really been more about 'source availability' for them-- I
               | think they're credible, in way.
               | 
               | I still think of open-source in a traditional,
               | historically informed way: 'open-source' is about
               | _software freedom_ at bottom, even though its name and
               | common arguments in its favor are more practical and
               | self-interested.
               | 
               | I get the impression that Mitchell Hashimoto never saw it
               | that way, and certainly didn't buy into the actual 'open-
               | source ethos' in the sense of the values of the people
               | who decided the term and founded OSI, etc.
               | 
               | A source-available license like BUSL probably would have
               | been a better fit for HashiCorp from the start, or as
               | near the start as possible. But I don't know that
               | 'source-available' as a label could have driven adoption
               | the same way in the early days, and it seems plausible to
               | me that the founders might've realized that too.
        
               | prepend wrote:
               | > A source-available license like BUSL probably would
               | have been a better fit for HashiCorp from the start
               | 
               | My problem with source-available licenses is that it
               | makes the software miss out on the network effects of
               | contributions.
               | 
               | I'm not going to contribute to source-available licensed
               | software just like I won't contribute to Windows (source
               | code is available to see but they don't even accept
               | contribs).
               | 
               | I like contributing my time to communities and to
               | building things together. I make pretty minimal
               | contributions because I'm paid to write software for an
               | organization and don't have time to contribute
               | meaningfully.
               | 
               | Even if hashi worked out some way to compensate me for my
               | contrib, I don't think I would bother because the amount
               | would be negligible.
               | 
               | So if the idea is to have high quality software due to
               | network effects, source available doesn't seem like a
               | good fit for this.
               | 
               | It also seems moot to me because decompilers have been
               | able to get me the source of things that aren't open
               | source. Being able to view the source code isn't as
               | important to me as being able to work on things as a
               | community.
               | 
               | Having a single corporation reap all the benefits of a
               | community is not something I want to work on.
        
               | pxc wrote:
               | Totally agreed. But we've also gotten clear signals from
               | HashiCorp that they aren't very interested in community
               | contributions for a long time now, like removing commit
               | access from community maintainers years ago and no longer
               | allocating company time for reviewing community
               | contributions.
               | 
               | They liked the idea that customers could try before they
               | buy, and that customers could inspect the source code for
               | debugging or other purposes, but they clearly didn't buy
               | into the whole catb thing.
               | 
               | From where you and I sit, it's a missed opportunity.
               | Perhaps Hashi had good reasons to believe that they had
               | to be the ones to drive Terraform forward themselves, and
               | that community contributions would at best play a
               | negligible role, whether that's because core Terraform
               | code is hard to work on, because the contributions they
               | saw tended to be minor, or because they _wanted_ all the
               | core contributions to be their own for the sake of
               | retaining control. But whatever their reasons, they weren
               | 't on the same page as you and me about this.
        
             | louzell wrote:
             | I mean, businesses change? The founders didn't have a
             | crystal ball to see how every decision would play out.
             | 
             | Reading through these comments, I'm reminded of a pop
             | psychology book that I read that essentially said "never
             | try to take someone away, no matter how small, it is
             | perceived as a much larger loss than it is".
             | 
             | If Hashicorp had started with this new license in the first
             | place, do we really think they wouldn't have had the
             | business success that they've had? We'll never know, but my
             | guess is that a license that says "competitors can't copy
             | us" would seem totally reasonable to folks contributing,
             | and irrelevant to customers that have a problem to solve.
             | Someone correct me if I'm wrong here, I want to understand
             | this obviously passionate response.
             | 
             | (Since I've commented a couple times on this let me also
             | say I'm not a hashicorp employee nor know anyone there)
        
               | prepend wrote:
               | Do you think crack dealers change their mind and suddenly
               | discover they can't make money off free crack? Or they
               | give it away knowing that's how you develop a customer
               | base.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | Pretty sure crack dealers don't set things up so their
               | work can be forked into a foundation.
        
               | prepend wrote:
               | Bait and switch isn't about the literal means of
               | production. It's about corporation and organizational
               | dishonesty.
               | 
               | It's lame that hashicorp (and others) are fair weather
               | open sources who start as open source to gain critical
               | mass and then jettison their purported ideals when it
               | benefits them.
               | 
               | Dishonest because they trick contributors into working
               | toward something that they may not, I think probably
               | wouldn't have, chosen to work on had hashicorp been
               | honest since the beginning.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | I don't know what "literal means of production" is
               | referring to here. Crack dealers don't generally control
               | anything one might refer to as a "means of production";
               | they are more like resellers. Marxist terminology is a
               | bit too much of a Duplo-brick description of reality to
               | apply usefully here, or indeed in most places.
               | 
               | All the work done in this case can be forked into a
               | different product, as is being done here. The reason
               | crack dealers do what they do is they control the supply,
               | not a "means of production". Hashicorp explicitly
               | licenced away their control of the supply ten years ago.
        
               | cto_of_antifa wrote:
               | [dead]
        
               | supriyo-biswas wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loss_aversion
        
               | hodgesrm wrote:
               | > I'm reminded of a pop psychology book that I read that
               | essentially said "never try to take someone away, no
               | matter how small, it is perceived as a much larger loss
               | than it is".
               | 
               | That's not just pop psychology. That's straight from "The
               | Prince" by Machiavelli.                 "Injuries,
               | therefore, should be inflicted all at once, that their
               | ill savour        being less lasting may the less offend;
               | whereas, benefits should be conferred        little by
               | little, that so they may be more fully relished."
               | 
               | https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/6858171-injuries-
               | therefore-...
        
               | louzell wrote:
               | Nice find!
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | "Make sure your enemies read pop psychology"
        
               | dablya wrote:
               | I don't know that it's at all clear how successful
               | Terraform would be if it started with a more restrictive
               | license. I mean there is a reason why a lot of projects
               | start out with a different license and only change to BSL
               | once a certain level of popularity is achieved, right?
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | As a possible contributor, and with all things being
               | equal (which, really, never happens), I'd prefer a GPL-
               | based product to have my time over a BSD/MIT license,
               | because I really want my work to remain free. A BSL-based
               | product would have to be very important to me to make it
               | worth for me to dedicate time to it.
               | 
               | In reality, the usefulness of the product and
               | friendliness towards developers is much more important.
        
       | kidsil wrote:
       | It worked very well for LibreOffice. Best of luck!
        
       | totallywrong wrote:
       | Terraform has got to be the only tool I've used a lot and still
       | don't like one bit. The license change was the last push I needed
       | to look seriously into Pulumi. What a wonderful tool in
       | comparison, I'm not touching TF again if I can help it. I also
       | got the feeling this fork will be better than the original
       | eventually.
        
       | wg0 wrote:
       | When you have 1000 employees and multiple investors, this was
       | bound to happen.
       | 
       | Wondering about nomad and it's future. It didn't have as much
       | user base though and if only containers matter, nothing can beat
       | the simplicity of docker swarm.
       | 
       | No sure about Vault. I found it over engineered and complicated
       | to graspe.
        
       | dbingham wrote:
       | Well done all! I'm really excited to see the community taking
       | ownership of this tool and moving it to a foundation.
       | 
       | I'll definitely be using OpenTF for any future projects and if I
       | find myself a part of or leading a DevOps team again, will work
       | to migrate that team over.
        
         | Coryodaniel wrote:
         | Thank you, we appreciate your words! We'll do our best to make
         | sure if you have to migrate, it's just a binary change.
        
       | swozey wrote:
       | Wow I had no idea so few people worked on TF. Where are the bulk
       | of Hashicorp working?
       | 
       | > So far, four companies pledged the equivalent of 14 full-time
       | engineers (FTEs) to the OpenTF initiative. We expect this number
       | to at least double in the following few weeks. To give you some
       | perspective, Terraform was effectively maintained by about 5 FTEs
       | from HashiCorp in the last 2 years. If you don't believe us, look
       | at their repository.
        
         | restlake wrote:
         | Well five is about the amount of sales people I remember
         | joining an absolutely awful call with them a few years ago, so
         | that's my guess (edit: lol at getting downvoted for relaying an
         | actual experience that happened. been using Vagrant since the
         | original hobo logo circa 2012-2013 and have always been a HC
         | fan, get off your high horse)
        
       | b0dian wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | tamimio wrote:
       | So the business model for these companies goes like this:
       | 
       | - New startup, cool idea, not much budget to hire engineers
       | 
       | - Make it open source, piggy back on the free exposure that will
       | get you, no marketing is needed because everyone loves open
       | source!
       | 
       | - Your project gets to have top tier programmers as maintainers,
       | make all the nifty features, fix all bugs etc. for free or at
       | minimum cost
       | 
       | - Few months later, change license and/or close source it.
       | 
       | - Rinse and repeat!
       | 
       | Sometimes you get the community to fork it and maintain it by
       | themselves, unfortunately, that's not always the case.
        
         | louzell wrote:
         | I don't mind it. If a business is providing good software, and
         | they have to make a license change to prevent someone from
         | wholesale copying the work and selling it as a direct
         | competitor, I'm for it! I'd rather have the sound business _in
         | business_ and continuing to provide good software.
        
         | Znafon wrote:
         | This is a very non-charitable read of the history here.
         | 
         | Also, none of the companies that pledge FTE support to OpenTF
         | are open-source.
        
         | khuey wrote:
         | > Few months later, change license and/or close source it.
         | 
         | Not to defend HashiCorp too much but in this case "a few
         | months" was actually nine years.
        
         | shcheklein wrote:
         | > Your project gets to have top tier programmers as
         | maintainers, make all the nifty features, fix all bugs etc. for
         | free or at minimum cost
         | 
         | In most case in these companies it's maintained and created at
         | the expense of the company. I would expect that 90-99%% of the
         | code, product development (talk to users, understand needs,
         | etc), even devrel (marketing) (be on every conference to
         | convince people to use it, that codification is good)- it's a
         | lot of money, resources, and effort.
         | 
         | > New startup, cool idea, not much budget to hire engineers
         | 
         | In this case a few folks build it from the ground initially
         | (most likely founders) I think. Please, let's not forget about
         | this.
         | 
         | The important thing here is to discuss why did they do this (I
         | meant relicensing it). Most likely- trying t create a moat from
         | a lot of other VC-funded companies that play in this space? Not
         | sure. It would be great to know their exact concern.
        
       | mkl95 wrote:
       | > We completed all documents required for OpenTF to become part
       | of the Linux Foundation with the end goal of having OpenTF as
       | part of Cloud Native Computing Foundation
       | 
       | Imho the best possible choice, and one that was easy to see
       | coming when they announced they were joining "an existing
       | foundation".
        
         | hobofan wrote:
         | What would you see as the benefits of them joining CNCF?
        
         | bcantrill wrote:
         | I agree. I have been outspoken in my criticism of the LF -- but
         | I would like to think that I have been fair as well, calling
         | out cases where they are the right fit for a project. And in
         | this case, for myriad reasons, they are indeed the right fit.
         | Kudos to the OpenTF crew -- we loved speaking with some of them
         | on Monday[0], and left enthusiastic for the future of OpenTF!
         | 
         | [0] https://oxide-and-friends.transistor.fm/episodes/fork-in-
         | the...
        
           | alexchantavy wrote:
           | Is there a general guide about popular OSS foundations and
           | what kinds of projects are a good fit for each? What's your
           | general feel on that?
        
             | caniszczyk wrote:
             | https://chooseafoundation.com exists but not fully up to
             | date.
             | 
             | As someone who has been involved in many open source
             | foundations over the years, they all have their pros/cons.
             | If you are looking for the most customized approach, the
             | Linux Foundation (LF) is probably the most customizable as
             | they have build hundreds of entities that many people may
             | not think of being part of the LF... CNCF... GraphQL
             | Foundation... R Consortium... OpenJS Foundation... Overture
             | Maps Foundation... LF is really "foundation as a service"
             | and they are best at ecosystem building from my biased
             | perspective.
             | 
             | There are other foundations out there with their own
             | advantages... ASF is very lightweight and pretty much
             | accepts anything open source as long as you adhere to their
             | fairly simple rules... EF is great if you have a need for a
             | European base etc
        
           | _msw_ wrote:
           | Personally speaking, I wish it had been OpenInfra.
           | 
           | I think they have a stronger sense of community building, and
           | more more intentionally make space for individuals to take
           | leadership roles that are truly independent from their
           | employer (member company) affiliations.
        
         | candiddevmike wrote:
         | Seeing OpenTF on the CNCF website would be glorious. TF has
         | become too ingrained in the cloud operating model, CNCF is
         | where it belongs. Maybe a Vault fork will join it someday.
         | 
         | Will HashiCorp remain relevant throughout this? Seeing a lot of
         | parallels with Red Hat's recent mistake...
        
           | blcknight wrote:
           | There's parallels but it's not the same. Red Hat's projects
           | are still all fully open source. And it's not clear it's a
           | mistake yet.(I work for red hat but this is my personal
           | opinion).
        
             | dralley wrote:
             | Red Hat is also strictly against copyright assignment
             | agreements in general, and keeps many under the GPL, so few
             | Red Hat projects could realistically be relicensed like
             | this to begin with.
        
               | kskkkkkkk wrote:
               | IBM probably disagrees and as much as people expected RH
               | to show IBM how to work, I think history is repeating
               | itself and things are happening as they always did.
        
               | skrebbel wrote:
               | Your comment dances around the point so avidly that it's
               | un-understandable to me. How have things been happening,
               | and why would they happen, now, at Red Hat?
        
               | nebulousthree wrote:
               | Allow me to spell it out: if IBM could guarantee
               | themselves a maintenance or growth of market share in the
               | short-term while simultaneously clamping down on licenses
               | that are anything but closed-source, they would. iBM
               | didn't buy redhat because they think it's doing things
               | the "right way". They bought redhat because they thought
               | they could make money with it.
        
               | skrebbel wrote:
               | Appreciate it
        
               | richardfontana wrote:
               | I understand why it's tempting to buy into this narrative
               | but it is just not the case.
               | 
               | Aside from the fact that IBM had no involvement in the
               | recent decision relating to git.centos.org (if I remember
               | correctly, IBM found out about it when it was publicly
               | announced), IBM has had basically zero influence on any
               | aspect of Red Hat open source development or project or
               | product licensing policy.
               | 
               | On the other hand, Red Hat has had some limited influence
               | on IBM's open source practices. For example, IBM has
               | moved away from using CLAs for its open source projects,
               | I believe mainly out of a desire to follow Red Hat's
               | example. I'm not aware of any use of copyright assignment
               | by IBM projects.
        
             | regularfry wrote:
             | It's closer to what Oracle tried to do with Hudson.
        
               | rbanffy wrote:
               | I always forget this name. Was trying to remember it the
               | other day.
        
             | kskkkkkkk wrote:
             | As with Sun in the old days, good luck actually
             | collaborating as in a _healthy_ open source project but the
             | license doesn 't specify there should be a community around
             | anything so it's all good.
             | 
             | Hashicorp doesn't have RH's moat at all.
        
               | gjvc wrote:
               | Hashicorp must be in panic mode right now. Expect
               | layoffs!
               | 
               | especially with them deleting pages like this
               | https://archive.is/zfdmS#selection-1351.0-1354.0
        
             | benterix wrote:
             | Well, they clearly alienated themselves from the community,
             | or a significant part of it. I'm not sure if it's a mistake
             | from a business perspective but early leaders of Red Hat
             | were very careful to collaborate with the community.
        
               | bayindirh wrote:
               | I can say that, the scientific computing community has
               | been affected deeply because of this move. They wanted to
               | eliminate "The Freeloaders", but the collateral damage
               | was enormous, and they either didn't see or don't want to
               | see what they have done.
               | 
               | The thing is, the big majority of these systems won't
               | flock to RedHat, and won't continue to use CentOS.
        
               | JeremyNT wrote:
               | Yeah a large portion of research computing standardized
               | on Red Hat (see e.g. Scientific Linux). The stability is
               | quite important when trying to run ancient/niche
               | scientific code that sometimes would _only_ support (or
               | even build on) Red Hat, and when you have a large number
               | of nodes that need to be essentially bug-for-bug
               | identical you want the package churn and update cycle to
               | be kept to an absolute minimum.
               | 
               | The licensing of real RHEL never could have made sense in
               | the HPC space, and I'd be shocked if a meaningful number
               | of deployments would be moved to purchase RHEL now.
               | 
               | When I was a "sysadmin" in this space I always kind of
               | personally preferred Debian, which has similar longevity
               | to its release cycle, but it could never gain much
               | traction.
               | 
               | I hope at this current juncture the HPC community might
               | rethink its investment in the RHAT ecosystem and give
               | Debian a chance.
        
               | bayindirh wrote:
               | Well, if my memory serves right, this investment started
               | with RedHat's support for CERN's ScientificLinux and
               | snowballed from there.
               | 
               | Then this snowball is solidified by the hardware we use,
               | namely InfiniBand and GPUs, plus the filesystems we use
               | (LustreFS or IBM's GPFS) which requires specific
               | operating systems and kernels to work the way it should.
               | 
               | It's not as simple as "Mneh, I like Debian more, let's
               | replace".
               | 
               | While I strictly use Debian on my personal systems, we
               | can't do that on our clusters.
        
               | pxc wrote:
               | > a large portion of research computing standardized on
               | Red Hat (see e.g. Scientific Linux). The stability is
               | quite important when trying to run ancient/niche
               | scientific code that sometimes would only support (or
               | even build on) Red Hat
               | 
               | > I hope at this current juncture the HPC community might
               | rethink its investment in the RHAT ecosystem and give
               | Debian a chance.
               | 
               | Nowadays Nix and Guix are available, and they're
               | fundamentally better fits for this problem. Traditional
               | Linux package managers aren't really suited to scientific
               | reproducibility or archival work. It would be much better
               | to turn more towards functional package management than
               | just swap in another distro.
        
               | bayindirh wrote:
               | > Nowadays Nix and Guix are available, and they're
               | fundamentally better fits for this problem.
               | 
               | No, it's not. First of all, reproducible installations
               | for HPC nodes is a solved problem (we have xCAT to boot,
               | for example). However the biggest factor is the hardware
               | we use on these nodes.
               | 
               | An HPC node contains an Infiniband interface, at least,
               | and you generally use manufacturer provided OFED for
               | optimal performance, which requires a supported kernel.
        
               | pxc wrote:
               | I wasn't talking about NixOS or GuixSD, or OS
               | installation.
               | 
               | I was talking about tools that let you run ancient
               | software on modern distros. With Nix and Guix you don't
               | have to hold your whole OS back just to run 'ancient
               | software'.
        
               | bayindirh wrote:
               | We use user mode containers for that. Mostly Apptainer.
               | It supports MPI, GPU and other bells and whistles that we
               | need.
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | Fully open source in the strictest possible sense, but with
             | the added caveat that if you choose to exercise your rights
             | under the GPL you'll no longer be able to do business with
             | Red Hat [0]. I personally wouldn't categorize Red Hat's
             | current position as compatible with the ethos of FOSS.
             | 
             | [0] https://www.jeffgeerling.com/blog/2023/im-done-red-hat-
             | enter...
        
               | 3np wrote:
               | > you'll no longer be able to do business with Red Hat
               | 
               | This is still speculation AFAIK. They reserve the rights
               | to do so but it's yet to be seen if and when that would
               | happen.
        
             | richardfontana wrote:
             | Also FWIW Red Hat license policy (as implemented publicly
             | through Fedora) disallows software under the Business
             | Source License: https://gitlab.com/fedora/legal/fedora-
             | license-data/-/blob/m... Red Hat has previously worked to
             | eliminate product dependencies on 'source available'
             | licenses and we're currently having to do this wrt
             | Hashicorp stuff.
        
               | candiddevmike wrote:
               | Not sure how much you details you can provide, but I know
               | RH products use Terraform under the covers for a few
               | things (like in OpenShift). Are you removing this
               | functionality because it's no longer FOSS or fears around
               | the BSL verbiage?
        
               | bonzini wrote:
               | [not the parent]
               | 
               | For sure it will not update to BUSL-licensed versions of
               | Terraform as mentioned above, but I can't say if it will
               | stay on an older version, use OpenTF, use Ansible or
               | something else.
        
               | richardfontana wrote:
               | Since Red Hat is at the earliest stages of grappling with
               | this issue and I can't speak for the teams involved I
               | don't think there's anything I can say, other than that
               | our corporate policies on product licensing by default do
               | not allow stuff under licenses like BUSL-1.1. The only
               | case I am aware of offhand where Red Hat briefly had a
               | 'source available' license in a product concerned some
               | code that was transferred from IBM to Red Hat (the source
               | available component was third party with respect to both
               | IBM and Red Hat; IBM does not or at least did not have
               | the same restrictions on use of such licenses that Red
               | Hat has).
               | 
               | Just speaking personally, I'm happy to see this fork
               | occurring and hope they succeed in joining CNCF.
        
         | jaxxstorm wrote:
         | Terraform was (and I assume currently, OpenTF) under an MPL
         | license, which is not currently compatible with the approved
         | licenses that the CNCF supports:
         | https://github.com/cncf/foundation/blob/main/allowed-third-p...
         | 
         | For them to get accepted into the CNCF would require
         | relicensing a large amount of MPL work. What's always been
         | confusing to me about Hashicorp's change and any subsequent
         | relicense of OpenTF is that I know for a fact not everyone who
         | contributed code to Terraform signed the CLA and allowed
         | permission to relicense.
         | 
         | I suspect if OpenTF tries to relicense to a more permissive
         | license like Apache 2 (rather than less in the case of BSL)
         | license we might see some fireworks.
        
           | tedivm wrote:
           | The CNCF has made exceptions on their license policy before,
           | specifically for MPL based software. It'll probably be easier
           | for OpenTF to go through that process than to relicense
           | (which is likely not even possible for anyone other than
           | Hashicorp).
           | 
           | - https://github.com/cncf/foundation/tree/main/license-
           | excepti...
           | 
           | - https://github.com/cncf/foundation/blob/main/license-
           | excepti...
        
             | richardfontana wrote:
             | Disclosure: I'm on the CNCF legal committee, which mainly
             | makes recommendations to the CNCF board on things like
             | exceptions to CNCF's fairly strict licensing policy.
             | 
             | This is correct, but I believe MPL has never been approved
             | as a main project license for a CNCF project before, as
             | opposed to a license of a third party dependency (the
             | default rule is that such projects must be under the Apache
             | License 2.0). FWIW I would not hesitate to support such a
             | request for a policy exception.
        
               | _msw_ wrote:
               | In my personal opinion, there's no good reason to have a
               | license policy at the CNCF, or any Linux Foundation
               | directed fund, that makes using copyleft licenses so
               | burdensome, especially when they are as "weak" as MPL 2.0
               | is.
               | 
               | I know that there are Reasons. I just don't think they
               | are good ones.
        
               | richardfontana wrote:
               | I agree, though that probably would not shock you. :)
        
               | bcantrill wrote:
               | That's great to hear. We at Oxide are huge fans of the
               | MPLv2 and it's our default license for everything; I
               | think it's reasonable that the default expectation for
               | CNCF is Apache 2.0, but would love for MPLv2 to also be
               | considered a first-class license!
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | mch82 wrote:
         | Can you please share a link to the reference for the quote
         | about transferring OpenTF to CNCF?
         | 
         | Moving OpenTF to CNCF is a great approach. It will be helpful
         | to be able to share this news.
        
           | rahkiin wrote:
           | It is in the very article this thread is about
        
       | janosdebugs wrote:
       | First of all, congratulations, I hope OpenTF will live and
       | prosper, I really liked Terraform when I was working with it.
       | 
       | I'm wondering how OpenTF will handle the plugins. Will it pull
       | from HashiCorps servers, or will it spin up its own plugin
       | registry? If the latter, will the existing plugins be mirrored?
        
         | fishnchips wrote:
         | No immediate change with regards to how the plugins are
         | handled. Longer term I think the entire plugin ecosystem could
         | benefit from less centralized control, in the interest of all
         | other projects that depend on it (eg. Pulumi, Crossplane etc).
         | As OpenTF we are already working with other parties interested
         | in keeping the ecosystem in good shape. But for now there's no
         | change necessary, since the TF registry seems itself to just be
         | a lightweight proxy to GitHub Packages, they don't seem to host
         | anything themselves.
         | 
         | (Marcin, co-founder of Spacelift, and one of the members of the
         | OpenTF initiative)
        
           | janosdebugs wrote:
           | I think this should be addressed sooner rather than later. A
           | lot of core plugins (e.g. AWS) are written by HashiCorp
           | themselves and the license could be changed at any time,
           | putting OpenTF users in danger of violating the license.
           | Furthermore, to publish a provider one needs a HashiCorp
           | account and agree to their Terms of Service.
        
             | fishnchips wrote:
             | > agree to their Terms of Service
             | 
             | Thanks for the insight. I think it wouldn't hurt to have an
             | open registry at some point, but we will need to figure out
             | the governance model for that as part of the foundation.
        
               | janosdebugs wrote:
               | Good luck! Governance is always one of the harder
               | problems when setting up a project. Maybe the CNCF could
               | actually help already, given the high profile nature of
               | Terraform? I also have a few projects we set up
               | governance for, but I don't think those would fit OpenTF
               | as they were made for smaller projects.
        
             | wlonkly wrote:
             | I was under the impression that a lot of the cloud provider
             | plugins were developed in close collaboration with, or even
             | by, the cloud providers themselves.
             | 
             | At a glance, three of the top four contributors to the AWS
             | provider are from outside of Hashicorp, and two of those
             | three are AWS employees.
        
               | janosdebugs wrote:
               | You may be right on that one, but they still have
               | copyright headers like this:                   #
               | Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.         # SPDX-License-
               | Identifier: MPL-2.0
               | 
               | This is enforced by a GitHub Actions check on every PR.
        
         | skywhopper wrote:
         | The registry protocol is documented and pretty straightforward
         | to implement (source: I implemented a private TF provider
         | registry as static files in S3 at a past gig), and Terraform
         | has config settings to easily point to alternative sources for
         | plugins, so mirroring the plugin distribution should be pretty
         | simple.
        
           | fishnchips wrote:
           | While learning Pulumi AWSx and TypeScript I created a proxy
           | server for AWS Lambda [0]. As part of Spacelift we also have
           | a private provider registry and I'm happy to turn some of
           | that code into an equivalent open source proxy in Go.
           | 
           | [0] https://github.com/spacelift-io/github.packages.tf
        
       | littlejo wrote:
       | You say you have 14 FTEs. But do you have at least one major
       | developer who contributed to terraform. Could you give me the
       | users list who will work on this project.
        
       | Coryodaniel wrote:
       | Massdriver co-founder here.
       | 
       | We are super excited to be supporting this initiative. The
       | community around Terraform has been pushed aside for too long.
       | 
       | Terraform is the most widely adopted tool for managing cloud
       | infrastructure. Putting it in the hands of a foundation that can
       | ensure it remains open-source, community-driven, and impartial is
       | crucial to so many infrastructure and operations teams around the
       | globe.
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | Seems like the inevitable conclusion. I reckon hashicorp
       | overestimated how much of a moat they have.
        
         | freedomben wrote:
         | We're still in the first inning. A little too soon to declare
         | victory IMHO. They're moat hasn't even been tested yet.
         | Adoption is what actually matters. FTE commitments will
         | disappear quickly if the project isn't able to get adoption.
         | 
         | Also I know Hashicorp has a good moat (how good we don't know
         | yet). Some very big companies pay Hashicorp and there's no way
         | they're going to leave for opentf anytime soon. The support
         | alone is plenty valuable enough to keep them there.
        
       | ohad1282 wrote:
       | env0 founder here - we are honored to collaborate on bringing
       | OpenTF to the world together with our friends and backed by a
       | massive support of the community.
       | 
       | #opentf
        
         | slomawa wrote:
         | Big supporter in this move! When can we use it?
        
           | ohad1282 wrote:
           | Expect the repository to be published very soon, once we're
           | officially part of a foundation and have some basic community
           | guardrails and processes in place.
        
       | thih9 wrote:
       | In this case are there any benefits for Hashicorp to move
       | Terraform to BSL? Especially considering:
       | 
       | > Will I be able to use OpenTF as a drop-in replacement for
       | legacy Terraform?
       | 
       | > Yes
       | 
       | > Will OpenTF be compatible with future Terraform releases?
       | 
       | > OpenTF will be 100% interoperable with future Terraform
       | releases until the community wishes otherwise.
        
         | rismoneyman wrote:
         | I don't think OpenTF interop with future TF is important.
         | Particularly if OpenTF just moves at a faster pace, and gets
         | way better in time. I would say leave TF in the dust and just
         | start innovating.
        
       | cube2222 wrote:
       | I'll join the other members of the OpenTF Initiative who've
       | already commented - I'm honoured to be a part of this effort and
       | can't wait for us to push this forward in the following days,
       | weeks, months, and years! It's been a pleasure working with
       | everybody from all the companies involved.
       | 
       | Happy to answer any questions you might have!
       | 
       | Disclaimer: Work at Spacelift, and currently temporary Technical
       | Lead of the OpenTF Project, until it's committee-steered.
        
       | MaxwellKahn wrote:
       | I'm hopeful on this news. Terraform has become the standard in
       | the industry, but incentives weren't quite aligned. My attempts
       | to submit Pull Requests for much wanted features (fully working
       | documentation with new integration tests all passing) often took
       | months-a year to be accepted and merged.
       | 
       | Hashicorp engineers were incentivized to work on features related
       | to Hashicorp paid services, and Hashicorp competitors who would
       | similarly benefit from a stronger Terraform codebase were
       | disincentivized from potentially helping Hashicorp.
        
         | tpmx wrote:
         | Agreed. This will probably end up being a net positive for the
         | Terraform 'concept' and its relatives like e.g. Pulumi.
        
       | nabakin wrote:
       | We need to raise awareness about this fork so people know about,
       | join in, and support the move. Share it with your friends and co-
       | workers. Upvote or star everything you can. Let's push this
       | forward people!
        
       | throwawaaarrgh wrote:
       | can we finally fix all the annoying lack of features like auto
       | import of existing resources? and providers that are just
       | executables, so we don't need to write them with Go or according
       | to an ABI? I'm sure lots of users have things they'd like to fix
        
         | mdaniel wrote:
         | Only time will tell, but my mental model is that this new
         | stewardship will be a lot more open to community input than the
         | Hashicorp "we're too busy, pound sand" model has been
         | 
         | I dunno if "auto import" will ever be a thing, but I will be
         | first in line to change its model to actually _contact the
         | provider_ during `plan`, which neither TF _nor Pulumi_ do right
         | now and it 's a cause of endless wasted hours and borked
         | deploys
        
       | pxc wrote:
       | > Community-driven - so that the community governs the project
       | for the community, where pull requests are regularly reviewed and
       | accepted on their merit and changes are proposed through a public
       | RFC process
       | 
       | IMO if OpenTF wants to quickly pull ahead, they'd do well to
       | quickly revive popular but neglected PRs from Terraform, inviting
       | those authors to rebase on top of OpenTF and quickly getting them
       | merged.
       | 
       | The RFC process will slow them down here, at least for features,
       | but presumably there are still old bug fixes that died on the
       | vine, too.
        
         | Coryodaniel wrote:
         | Our first two issue templates on github are for exactly this!
         | Please add any that are particularly important to you or your
         | team!
         | 
         | https://github.com/opentffoundation/roadmap/issues/new/choos...
        
           | mcfedr wrote:
           | Excellent. I've made and supported sevreral PRs in the past
           | and they all seem to just drift around for so long
        
         | jeffchao wrote:
         | +1. Stale PRs, also communicate and welcome feature requests or
         | bug fixes that may exist across SO and other channels -- TF-
         | scoped, but perhaps even HCL (if possible) or HCL-adjacent
         | libraries.
        
         | fishnchips wrote:
         | Yup. This is very much what we intend to do.
        
           | ricardbejarano wrote:
           | May I suggest a working group on stateless Terraform? [1] or
           | at least some debate around the possibility of supporting it?
           | 
           | [1] https://www.bejarano.io/terraform-stateless/
        
           | benterix wrote:
           | How do you plan to deal with changes that will break
           | compatibility with TF?
        
           | pxc wrote:
           | Recently I (new to it myself) introduced Terraform on my team
           | at work (my department historically mostly uses
           | CloudFormation), and this whole license rug pull left me
           | wondering if I'd made a mistake.
           | 
           | But if OpenTF really flourishes, this could end up being
           | better for us than if the license change had never happened.
           | I wish you guys the best in making OpenTF a clear winner! The
           | sooner that happens, the less of a shakeup this will be for
           | the whole userbase and the more teams will stay invested and
           | stick with terraform-the-technology (if not the trademark).
           | I'm optimistic. :)
        
             | TheGRS wrote:
             | No you're fine, timing just happened to be at an odd
             | moment, but TF generally has become the new standard and
             | IMO has greatly improved our ability to deliver. I also
             | worked with cloud formation in the past using a custom
             | Python framework. Making changes was MUCH more involved and
             | keeping track of breaking changes was very difficult. TF
             | solves a lot of problems with tracking state and adding new
             | components.
        
             | kskkkkkkk wrote:
             | Well, CloudFormation is as proprietary as it comes so I'd
             | say you chose correctly with TF.
        
               | pxc wrote:
               | Technically we mostly use an open-source library for
               | _generating_ CloudFormation, but yeah it still ends up
               | being a bit more deeply vendor-specific than TF.
        
               | benterix wrote:
               | Out of curiosity, is it troposphere?
        
               | pxc wrote:
               | Yep! The folks using it seem pretty happy with it.
        
             | nickjj wrote:
             | > Recently I (new to it myself) introduced Terraform on my
             | team at work (my department historically mostly uses
             | CloudFormation), and this whole license rug pull left me
             | wondering if I'd made a mistake.
             | 
             | Personally I wouldn't sweat it.
             | 
             | TF as a tool (not original vs fork) has hit what I think is
             | critical mass, it can't fail. If folks agree the fork is
             | better from a licensing / management level then everyone
             | will use the fork in the end. If not, the original will
             | win. If both tools remain backwards compatible then most
             | end users won't notice the difference.
             | 
             | I think this is a really interesting time. We're getting to
             | witness in real-time how much individuals and businesses
             | value licenses, or specifically what happens when a mature
             | project changes its license.
             | 
             | NOTE: I don't have any tools or services that compete with
             | TF. I'm coming at this as an end user. I contributed once
             | but it was mainly around documentation.
        
           | kskkkkkkk wrote:
           | Thanks, that's really appreciated.
           | 
           | One thing that is always unclear with company-owned projects
           | is what is exactly going against their business plans so you
           | don't waste time preparing a PR only to get half-baked
           | excuses about why it can't be accepted.
           | 
           | Point in case, the numerous PR's and issues to disable
           | warning coalescing in Terraform that are always met with a
           | dismissal but nobody understands why.
        
       | Pannoniae wrote:
       | I am seeing parallels to the Amazon vs. ElasticSearch fiasco.
       | 
       | Also interesting to mention that they haven't said a single word
       | about CLAs. If this project would require a CLA (and copyright
       | assignment) to contribute, then it doesn't matter that it's a
       | foundation, they could also re-licence it easily, which is
       | exactly what they are fighting against.
        
         | lars_francke wrote:
         | You are technically correct but I do see a difference between
         | signing a CLA with The Linux Foundation, Eclipse, ASF etc. and
         | a purely commercial corporate entity.
        
           | Pannoniae wrote:
           | You are entirely right; it's nowhere comparable. I'm just
           | talking about the theoretical impacts. (after all, the re-
           | licencing was also a theoretical problem, i.e. Hashicorp
           | _might_ abuse the non-compete clause so Terraform is not safe
           | to use) I just find it interesting to mention - after all,
           | the important details the ones which are not talked about.
        
             | hyperpape wrote:
             | For at least a few years now, companies relicensing their
             | open source software has not been just a theoretical
             | possibility, but a plausible thing that could happen any
             | time.
             | 
             | I don't know what happens to the Linux Foundation when
             | we're all in the nursing home, but them relicensing
             | everything is not currently plausible. It is a merely
             | theoretical possibility.
        
           | riku_iki wrote:
           | > signing a CLA with The Linux Foundation, Eclipse, ASF etc.
           | 
           | what is the reason those require CLA? Why underlying license
           | is not enough?
        
             | koolba wrote:
             | If there's no intention of ever changing the license, then
             | there is no need for a CLA.
             | 
             | A CLA is required when the repo owner wants the ability to
             | change the license down the road without contacting N
             | contributors.
        
               | n42 wrote:
               | yes, but it's not always malicious. one example is to
               | dual license the code. for example, Qt is available under
               | GPL (LGPL?) and has a CLA that allows them to
               | commercially license your contributions to businesses.
               | 
               | a good CLA in this instance would guarantee you that your
               | code cannot be relicensed exclusively away from GPL. the
               | software is still free as in freedom, but the
               | organization can fund itself by courting businesses that
               | would not touch GPL software.
        
               | lars_francke wrote:
               | Another example is OpenStreetMap which changed its
               | license because we learned that the old one wasn't
               | adequate for the purpose intended.
               | 
               | We have no idea how today's licenses will be challenged
               | in the future and I believe it's a good practice to keep
               | a door open to being able to change the license going
               | forward.
               | 
               | That it's not done maliciously is a purpose for
               | foundations which serve as trust anchors.
        
               | freedomben wrote:
               | that's an interesting point, thanks.
               | 
               | I'm still skeptical of a CLA for such a project since a
               | ton (currently all) of the copyright is held by Hashicorp
               | meaning they would have to consent to the future license
               | change as well, regardless of the CLA or foundation
               | membership. In general I think that makes a point for a
               | CLA, but in this case I don't think it does.
        
               | riku_iki wrote:
               | > Qt is available under GPL (LGPL?) and has a CLA that
               | allows them to commercially license your contributions to
               | businesses.
               | 
               | but that's exactly the case which happened in case of
               | Hashi, so CLA allowed them to continue working on
               | commercial product only, with all 3p contributions being
               | under their proprietary license.
        
               | detaro wrote:
               | Qt's situation is different, since they have contractual
               | obligations to continue releasing under (L)GPL - failure
               | to do so allows the KDE Project to release Qt under MIT.
        
               | jen20 wrote:
               | A CLA is not required for that. A copyright assignment
               | is. A CLA is not necessarily a copyright assignment, and
               | a copyright assignment is not necessarily a CLA.
        
           | sanderjd wrote:
           | Yeah this makes sense. "CLAs (or DCOs) assigning copyright to
           | foundations are good, CLAs assigning copyright to corporate
           | entities are questionable" does seem like a pretty good rule
           | of thumb for contributors who care about this kind of thing
           | (which I agree most people should).
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | For what it's worth, the CNCF is not big on CLAs in general
           | although, as far as I know, they don't specifically prohibit
           | them. In general, they prefer to use a developer certificate
           | of origin.
        
             | lars_francke wrote:
             | Doesn't Kubernetes require a CLA?
        
               | mdaniel wrote:
               | it does, they even have a label for it: https://github.co
               | m/kubernetes/kubernetes/pulls?q=label%3A%22...
        
               | justincormack wrote:
               | Yes. A small number of CnCF projects do. Google
               | originally had a CLA in k8s and this was kept.
        
             | pests wrote:
             | Are you sure of the CNCF not being big on CLAs?
             | 
             | According to the link below:
             | 
             | > Anyone who is contributing any code to any CNCF project
             | must have the CLA signed.
             | 
             | https://contribute.cncf.io/resources/glossary/#:~:text=Cont
             | r...
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | That's a bit surprising to read because here's what @cra
               | of the Linux Foundation said a couple years ago:
               | 
               | It's [a Developer Certificate of Origin] how the Linux
               | kernel works, where basically it takes all the basic
               | things that most CLAs do, which would be like, 'Did I
               | write this code? Did I not copy it elsewhere? Do I have
               | the rights to give this to you, and you sign off on?'
               | It's been a very successful model played out in the
               | kernel and many other ecosystems. I'm generally not
               | really supportive of having CLAs unless there's a real
               | strict business need."
               | 
               | https://opensource.com/article/20/2/open-source-projects-
               | gov...
        
               | caniszczyk wrote:
               | FYI 99% of CNCF projects use DCO, only a handful still
               | use CLA but we give projects a CHOICE in the matter. I
               | prefer DCO personally because it's a lower barrier to
               | entry for contributors (e.g., not formal legal agreement
               | to sign and be reviewed by lawyers)
        
         | arusahni wrote:
         | They've already got more FTEs on this than Amazon seemingly put
         | on OpenSearch.
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | Companies saying "we will let some FTEs contribute to this
           | project along with their regular work" is very different from
           | Amazon paying a dedicated team to work on it full time.
        
             | fishnchips wrote:
             | Marcin here, co-founder of Spacelift, one of the members of
             | the OpenTF initiative
             | 
             | We provided a dedicated team on a temporary basis. Once the
             | project is in the foundation, we will make a financial
             | contribution, with which dedicated developers will be
             | funded. At that point our devs will gradually hand over to
             | the new, fully independent team. The other members of the
             | initiative so far follow the same pattern but I can't speak
             | on their behalf re: exact commitments.
        
               | bloopernova wrote:
               | Thank you for doing that correctly, I hope TF thrives!
               | 
               | Do you know if the Terraform language server will also be
               | forked? It has also suffered from Hashicorp's lack of
               | attention.
               | 
               | EDIT: oh you answered that question in a response to my
               | top-level comment. Thank you!
        
         | softwaredoug wrote:
         | It's a bit different because OpenSearch is a project of and by
         | Amazon, not a project where many companies participate equally
         | under a foundation.
        
         | janosdebugs wrote:
         | If they aim for making it a CNCF project, it may very well be a
         | simple inbound=outbound licensing (everyone keeps their
         | copyrights). The CNCF gives projects two options: DCO or CLA,
         | where the CLA is a very simple formality. It being a foundation
         | and not a for-profit company already makes licensing
         | shenanigans unlikely.
        
         | fishnchips wrote:
         | Ideally we would want to let people contribute freely without
         | the need to sign anything extra. However, for the exact process
         | we will defer to the Linux Foundation / CNCF. The ultimate goal
         | is to ensure that a rug pull like this is never allowed to
         | happen again.
         | 
         | (Marcin here, co-founder of Spacelift, one of the members of
         | the OpenTF initiative)
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | CLAs are very misunderstood in the software industry. Every
         | open source project _should_ make its contributors sign CLAs,
         | and you should be wary of using one that doesn 't. Why? Because
         | any single contributor can claim at any point in the future
         | that the project is using their code illegally, and that
         | you/your company should pay them for using their proprietary IP
         | for all of these years. Can you prove that you audited every
         | single line in the project you used and were sure of its
         | copyright status? A CLA ensures exactly that. There's a reason
         | why Linux Foundation, Apache, CNCF, Mozilla, heck even FSF all
         | have strict CLA requirements.
         | 
         | Relicensing is a completely separate conversation, and there
         | are plenty of open source CLAs which don't have that provision.
        
           | xdennis wrote:
           | > Every open source project should make its contributors sign
           | CLAs
           | 
           | What's the point of open source if you have to reveal you
           | real identity?
        
             | xdennis wrote:
             | Wow, is everybody here paid by Zuck to use their real
             | names?
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | Pannoniae wrote:
           | This kind of trolling can easily be prevented by saying
           | "Sure, we will remove your contributions. Name the exact line
           | numbers affected"
        
             | jen20 wrote:
             | The burden of ensuring license compliance falls to the
             | consumer, not the producer.
        
           | unmole wrote:
           | > Because any single contributor can claim at any point in
           | the future that the project is using their code illegally
           | 
           | So, you've never heard of a Developer Certificate of Origin?
           | If it's good enough for Linux, it's good enough for me.
        
             | paxys wrote:
             | > The Developer Certificate of Origin (DCO) is a statement
             | that a software developer agrees to, saying that the
             | contributor is allowed to make the contribution and that
             | the project has the right to distribute it under its
             | license.
             | 
             | So in other words, a CLA.
        
               | unmole wrote:
               | > So in other words, a CLA.
               | 
               | Sure, in the same way that a cantaloupe is a hand
               | grenade.
        
               | not2b wrote:
               | CLA's required by some projects effectively require the
               | contributor to give away all rights to the receiving
               | organization. There are other forms of CLA that do not
               | transfer these rights, but are still agreements (which is
               | what the A stands for) between the contributor and the
               | receiving organization. These might allow the recipient
               | to change the license, or they might not. The DCO is just
               | a statement and does not permit the receiving
               | organization to distribute under incompatible licensing
               | terms.
        
               | paxys wrote:
               | I'm sure some organization can write a "DCO" which says
               | the exact same thing. Ultimately what matters isn't the
               | title of the document but the content. There are plenty
               | of CLAs that just ask for the bare minimum for the
               | project to be able to function (see ones from any of the
               | organizations I mentioned).
        
               | not2b wrote:
               | Unfortunately, many CLAs give the company that controls
               | the code the power to take the project proprietary (and
               | they will call this the bare minimum of what they need).
               | It's repeatedly happened, so contributors need to be
               | careful with what they sign. Perhaps for a small bug fix
               | they won't care, but for anything larger, beware.
        
       | vmatsiiako wrote:
       | I think HashiCorp, as an infrastructure company, made a big
       | mistake by choosing the BSL license (which was primarily designed
       | for databases). Ultimately, this will destroy their community
       | which in the long-term will also mean a lot of lost revenue...
       | 
       | It is also very interesting to see how this will play out
       | specifically for Vault vs Infisical. So far, Infisical has been
       | growing incredibly, especially after the license switch.
        
         | IshKebab wrote:
         | Why is BSL primarily designed for databases? I thought it was
         | just "GPL 4 years after release" sort of thing which seems
         | pretty reasonable to me tbh.
        
           | vmatsiiako wrote:
           | It was invented by MariaDB and later adopted by CockroachDB,
           | etc. It basically says "you can't compete with us"
           | 
           | https://mariadb.com/bsl-faq-adopting/
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | IshKebab wrote:
             | Right but there's nothing database specific in it is there?
        
       | RyJones wrote:
       | Welcome aboard to LF and thank you for making my life easier[0]!
       | 
       | 0: https://github.com/hyperledger/toc/issues/151!
        
       | jakozaur wrote:
       | Time to do you part. Substitute Terraform with OpenTF (Terraform
       | successor) everywhere.
       | 
       | Oracle tried to constrain Hudson, but Jenkins won.
        
       | sontek wrote:
       | I'm concerned that people who do not have a provable track record
       | for contributing to terraform believe they can fork and be good
       | stewards of the project. Looks like the top contributors to the
       | foundation are:                 - https://www.scalr.com/ -
       | https://github.com/Scalr       - https://gruntwork.io/  -
       | https://github.com/gruntwork-io       -
       | https://www.massdriver.cloud/ - https://github.com/massdriver-
       | cloud       - https://spacelift.io/ -
       | https://github.com/spacelift-io       - https://digger.dev/ -
       | https://github.com/diggerhq
       | 
       | Gruntwork and Digger do some decent opensource but the others
       | haven't been great stewards of opensource. Looking at their
       | githubs they don't seem to give much of anything back. So why
       | should we trust them over hashicorp?
        
         | sorenmartius wrote:
         | Terramate co-founder/ OpenTF member here
         | 
         | All those companies have very decent experience with Terraform.
         | Even if some didn't contribute to the core, they all built
         | decent software on top of or around Terraform.
         | 
         | In addition, we at Terramate also plan to contribute as much as
         | possible. We have worked exhaustively with Terraform and
         | related libraries such as HCL and are very well aware of the
         | limitations and shortcomings we need to resolve with OpenTF.
         | 
         | I'd love to emphasize that many of us tried to contribute to
         | Terraform in the past, but HashiCorp became somewhat hesitant
         | to review and accept PRs which massively slowed down innovation
         | for Terraform.
         | 
         | While I see the reasoning behind HashiCorps decision to switch
         | licenses I strongly believe that closing up the ecosystem
         | further won't do any good to Terraform and other of HashiCorps
         | products, hence our strong buy-in for OpenTF.
        
           | sontek wrote:
           | Being good at using terraform is very different than being an
           | opensource maintainer and community builder.
           | I'd love to emphasize that many of us tried to contribute to
           | Terraform in the past, but HashiCorp became somewhat hesitant
           | to review and accept PRs which massively slowed down
           | innovation for Terraform.
           | 
           | Do you have links to PRs people from your organization pushed
           | that weren't reviewed/accepted by HashiCorp?
        
             | MysteryVice wrote:
             | "Due to current low staffing on the Terraform Core team at
             | HashiCorp, we are not routinely reviewing and merging
             | community-submitted pull requests"
             | 
             | https://www.theregister.com/2021/09/07/hashicorp_pause/
        
         | fishnchips wrote:
         | https://www.terratag.io/ is by env0, one of the OpenTF
         | sponsors.
         | 
         | I also encourage you to take a look at the Sponsor badge on our
         | (Spacelift's) profile. Whenever a possibility exists, we give
         | back to the projects we use. We tried the same with Hashi, too.
         | 
         | Re: trusting us over Hashi. DON'T. If there are any lessons
         | learned from the great Hashi bait-and-switch trick it's that
         | for-profit companies should not be trusted as the guardians of
         | open source.
         | 
         | Trust the foundation that takes over the project. Trust the
         | cash we'll endow it with.
        
           | fishnchips wrote:
           | Also worth mentioning that we support our employees working
           | on open source during their Friday projects where they're
           | free to do anything to grow as engineers. Many choose to do
           | open source and we don't require them to do it under our
           | umbrella. In fact the guy from my team who is the acting TL
           | of the OpenTF project is the creator and maintainer of
           | https://github.com/cube2222/octosql
        
             | sontek wrote:
             | we support our employees working on open source during
             | their Friday projects
             | 
             | This is very different than hashicorps model of paying
             | people to work on the opensource project during their
             | working hours. Making it a core part of their job.
             | 
             | If we are to accept that the OpenTF foundation is going to
             | be a better maintainer of terraform we need something
             | better than "Hack on opensource if you want to!"
             | 
             | Spacelift doesn't have a good track record of contributing
             | to opensource so the current model isn't working.
             | 
             | Also, Jacob started OctoSQL before ever joining Spacelift
             | so its pretty odd to use that as an example of spacelift
             | doing OSS well. Especially since his activity on his has
             | tanked since joining you.
        
               | cube2222 wrote:
               | > If we are to accept that the OpenTF foundation is going
               | to be a better maintainer of terraform we need something
               | better than "Hack on opensource if you want to!"
               | 
               | The plan is for the foundation to employ dedicated
               | engineers that we can sponsor.
               | 
               | Regarding open source vs closed source, I have nothing
               | against closed source software. I think the outrage about
               | Terraform specifically is caused by people seeing it more
               | as an ecosystem, not a product (like Vault or Consul),
               | and the whole thing looks like a bait-and-switch of
               | reaping the benefits of open source (and others building
               | a provider ecosystem) and then closing that down, once
               | you start getting the cons of open source (healthy
               | competition building inside of that ecosystem).
               | 
               | Honestly, I'm grateful for Hashicorp for the
               | contributions they've made over all these years, and the
               | libraries they've built. And as is the beauty of open
               | source, in a situation like this, we can just fork, which
               | we're doing.
               | 
               | In a dream scenario, HashiCorp would eventually join us
               | working on OpenTF in the open, with the load much better
               | distributed across companies, and the roadmap better
               | reflecting the community's needs. I don't think, however,
               | that it's fair to call these companies freeloaders who
               | just now decided to contribute, as HashiCorp quite openly
               | didn't encourage community involvement in the development
               | process of their core open source projects.
               | 
               | All in all, I hope we'll do a much better job of
               | involving the community in the core development and
               | decision-making process (via public RFCs), while the
               | foundation part means you don't have to trust any of the
               | companies specifically. A healthy open-source ecosystem
               | here is both good for the companies using it (partly due
               | to no vendor lock-in, better competition, more
               | innovation, lower prices), as it is for companies
               | building products that extend tools in that ecosystem, as
               | it is for any individuals involved. It's a win-win-win
               | situation.
               | 
               | Disclaimer: Work at Spacelift, and currently temporary
               | Technical Lead of the OpenTF Project, until it's
               | committee-steered.
        
             | Znafon wrote:
             | So the software from your company is fully closed-source,
             | isn't it?
             | 
             | The employes can do open-source on Friday but no part of
             | Spacelift is actually open-source?
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | Incorrect. Parts of Spacelift are open source:
               | 
               | https://github.com/spacelift-io/celplate
               | https://github.com/spacelift-io/prometheus-exporter
               | https://github.com/spacelift-io/spacectl
               | https://github.com/spacelift-io/spcontext
               | https://github.com/spacelift-io/terraform-provider-
               | spacelift https://github.com/spacelift-io/vcs-agent
               | 
               | Whenever we're extending an external library, we're
               | submitting the change upstream. Whenever there's an
               | opportunity to sponsor a project on which we heavily
               | rely, we do that. But yes, we don't maintain any major
               | open source projects as a company. And neither will we
               | with OpenTF, because our active involvement with it is
               | only temporary - we are just helping it get off the
               | ground. Long term we will be primarily a sponsor of a
               | dedicated team (see our pledge), not a core maintainer.
        
               | Znafon wrote:
               | spacectl, vcs-agent and terraform-provider-spacelift are
               | only useful with your proprietary product. prometheus-
               | exporter is a very small exporter to monitor your
               | proprietary product and has no utility beyond that.
               | 
               | I'm not sure what spcontext does because it has no
               | documentation but I'm sure I could read the 10 commits to
               | find out. The only none trivial project in the list is
               | celplate which actually looks nice, but even there most
               | of its complexity is in cel-spec.
               | 
               | > Whenever there's an opportunity to sponsor a project on
               | which we heavily rely, we do that.
               | 
               | Come on, on Spacelift GitHub profile there is one project
               | sponsored, and only since August 24!
               | 
               | > we don't maintain any major open source projects as a
               | company
               | 
               | So you never had to handle project management of large
               | open-source supports, community support, doing code
               | reviews every day and handling feature requests from the
               | community?
               | 
               | Yes, HashiCorp has been slow to respond to PRs and did
               | not always commmunicate clearly, but so does many large
               | open-source project like PostgreSQL, Python, Linux, etc.
               | Managing a large open-source project takes more time than
               | clicking on the merge button on GitHub. Users don't
               | magically come fix all the bugs in the software, and
               | develop complex new features.
               | 
               | HashiCorp did contribute a lot, and there is still a lot
               | to learn from their projects, there is Raft, the
               | autopilot, various library that are used a lot in the Go
               | ecosystem, including go-plugin, a programming language
               | with its specific type system and plenty more. After all,
               | the change of license is making noises because we their
               | tools defines part fo the DevOps world and we all use
               | them a lot.
               | 
               | I wish HashiCorp would have kept using the MIT license,
               | but using the BUSL is still miles ahead better than
               | companies that are completely closed source.
               | 
               | From the outside perspective it looks like you support
               | Free Software as in Free Beer more than in Free Speech.
               | You are supportive when others are actually maintaining
               | the projects for you, and you just want them to merge
               | your contributions quickly. It is a very efficient way to
               | externalize some of your costs, but you only step forward
               | to actually to help manage them when your bottom line is
               | threatened.
               | 
               | That's ok, it looks like you love money more than open-
               | source ideas. That's perfectly fine but don't pretend
               | otherwise.
               | 
               | Some others companies that signed the pledge have
               | actually been maintaining open-source projects and have a
               | leg to stand on. Spacelift loves having the high moral
               | ground and the extra publicity.
               | 
               | Release the core of your product as open-source, like
               | HashiCorp did for 9 years, and it will change my mind.
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | Nobody is pretending anything, and I don't care about
               | changing your mind. We are donating engineers and funds
               | to an independent project, whose value is entirely
               | independent of what you think about Spacelift as a
               | product or as a company, or any other argumentum ad
               | personam you can come up with.
        
               | Pannoniae wrote:
               | "Nobody is pretending anything" Wrong, wrong, wrong. The
               | whole thing has been PR to cast hashicorp as some evil
               | company who withdraws from Open Source. It's quite
               | hypocritical to pretend to support Open Source from
               | companies which don't even have source available!
               | 
               | Cut the bs please, this is just a self-serving fork. You
               | all don't give a shit about open source, you just want to
               | keep using TF in competing services for free.
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | I don't agree with your sentiment one bit but I will not
               | try to change your mind. At the end of the day what
               | matters is the outcome of the project for the community.
               | So let's all take a deep breath and revisit this in a few
               | months time.
        
           | sontek wrote:
           | Trust the foundation that takes over the project
           | 
           | But part of the value the foundation is pitching is that it
           | has companies donating engineering time to keep the project
           | well managed.
           | 
           | My concern is spacelift and some of the other companies have
           | no track record of being _GOOD_ at opensource. Not as part of
           | the terraform community or opensourcing things they 've built
           | in-house.
        
             | sanderjd wrote:
             | I think your pushback here is appropriate and valuable. But
             | I also really like their response to it, essentially: Don't
             | _trust_ us, _watch_ us.
             | 
             | This group of people has taken a leap of faith. They aren't
             | asking us to leap with them, they're asking us to pay
             | attention to where they land, and come along if it looks
             | like the water is fine.
             | 
             | I applaud their approach.
        
               | fishnchips wrote:
               | I couldn't express it any better, thank you!
        
             | ohad1282 wrote:
             | env0 founder here. Thank you for your note. Important to
             | mention Gruntwork, creators of Terragrunt and Terratest
             | together with us here. Also, the CNCF/LF will assign some
             | external members to the TSC (technical steerring
             | committee). I honestly believe such a balance (external,
             | Gruntwork, and direct competing vendors), all under a well
             | experienced foundation is the ideal situation.
        
       | deknos wrote:
       | so, will OpenTF also care about Vagrant and Packer? That would be
       | nice.
        
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