[HN Gopher] $528M Antarctic icebreaker too big to fit under Tasm...
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       $528M Antarctic icebreaker too big to fit under Tasman bridge to
       refuel
        
       Author : tosh
       Score  : 28 points
       Date   : 2023-08-24 20:08 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.theguardian.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.theguardian.com)
        
       | tedunangst wrote:
       | What are the tolerances involved? High tide, low tide? What's the
       | biggest boat currently allowed under the bridge?
        
         | wolverine876 wrote:
         | I was wondering the same, and the article raises some other
         | issues too:
         | 
         |  _"Ensuring our team of highly qualified and experienced marine
         | pilots are familiar with this bespoke vessel and the way it
         | manoeuvres is pivotal to providing final clearance for the RSV
         | Nuyina to undertake its first transit,"_
        
       | aftbit wrote:
       | Can't they just bring the fuel to the ship using a tanker?
       | Presumably one that is small enough to fit under the bridge, or
       | sails from further away.
        
         | intrasight wrote:
         | Or a very long fuel hose ;)
        
           | irrational wrote:
           | I wonder if it would be cheaper in the long run to build a
           | new fuel depot and station on the other side of the bridge.
           | Driving back and forth hundreds of extra miles must be
           | tremendously expensive in terms of fuel, salaries, wear and
           | tear, time, supplies, etc.
        
         | closewith wrote:
         | Refuelling underway is an extremely complex and risky
         | undertaking and the cost in maintaining training currency and
         | the actual time spent refuelling underway would almost
         | certainly be more expensive than the longer round-trip
         | (possibly by an order of magnitude).
        
           | Gwypaas wrote:
           | Bunker barges/tankers are standard everwhere, although not
           | underway but docked or at anchor.
           | 
           | Docking at a certain place simply to bunker just doesn't
           | happen on larger vessels where utilization factor is
           | everything.
           | 
           | https://www.marineinsight.com/guidelines/bunkering-is-
           | danger...
        
             | closewith wrote:
             | Bunkering at anchor is nearly equivalent to bunkering in
             | port, but requires a suitable anchorage. I presume if that
             | was available, this wouldn't be an issue at all.
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | I'm aware of that, and that it's a big deal for navies to
           | master it, but do you know why and could you explain it to
           | land-lubbers?
           | 
           | Of course, you just pull up along side, toss a long hose over
           | (ok, fly the rope with a drone, pull over the hose), pump.
           | Keep the ships far enough apart to prevent accidents. Easy!
        
             | jcranmer wrote:
             | > Keep the ships far enough apart to prevent accidents.
             | Easy!
             | 
             | In fact, this is the hard part. Generally, the tanker ship
             | and the ship being refueled are different sizes. They have
             | different handling characteristics, keeping them at the
             | same speed at the same heading is not a trivial task. If
             | there's, say, 1 knot of speed differential, after a minute,
             | now they're 100ft further (or closer) away. Furthermore,
             | ships create wakes which means the handling in the real
             | immediate vicinity of a ship is incredibly different from
             | more or less open ocean. Drift too close, and now the water
             | is literally trying to get the two ships to ram each other,
             | with all the disastrous results that implies.
        
           | hedora wrote:
           | They could reduce the risk by mooring the tanker to one of
           | the Tasman Bridge supports.
        
       | t1234s wrote:
       | any reason boats like this aren't nuclear powered?
        
         | burkaman wrote:
         | Russian ones are: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear-
         | powered_icebreaker#Lis...
         | 
         | It probably would have been substantially more expensive for
         | Australia to build and operate one, since nobody there has ever
         | done it before. There's also supply chain risk - most nuclear
         | reactor fuel comes from Russia at the moment, and none of it
         | comes from Australia. There is uranium in Australia, but it
         | would take a long time for them to start producing fuel
         | themselves or develop a robust supply chain with a trusted
         | trade partner.
        
         | koolba wrote:
         | Even if it did exist, I doubt any civilian port would let a
         | private nuclear powered vessel dock.
         | 
         | Plus there's the whole piracy angle. A boat in the middle of
         | nowhere, with no serious backup, would be a target for
         | terrorists to acquire nuclear material.
        
         | wolverine876 wrote:
         | It already cost $500M without a nuclear reactor.
        
         | ooterness wrote:
         | It's been tried a few times, but largely abandoned due to cost
         | overruns.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NS_Savannah
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_marine_propulsion#Civi...
        
       | somat wrote:
       | Why does it need to go under the bridge anyway? There are
       | extensive quay facilities outside the bridge(the cruise ship
       | terminal and the tank farm just north of it).
       | 
       | https://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=16/-42.8766/147.3363
        
       | bell-cot wrote:
       | The Port Authority has excellent reason to be tight-fisted with
       | authorizations for large vessels to attempt to pass under the
       | bridge:
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasman_Bridge_disaster
        
         | Invictus0 wrote:
         | No it doesn't, if the AAD is right.
         | 
         | > The AAD has previously said Nuyina "fits within the physical
         | limitations set out by TasPorts for transiting under the Tasman
         | Bridge".
         | 
         | If the ship fits the limitations set by the Port Authority and
         | is denied anyway, then that is not excellent reason, it's
         | bureaucratic overreach. The fact that people died in the past
         | ignores that there are several new safety precautions in place
         | since then.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | It sounds like "it fits the big size, but lots of approval
           | and training is needed" and the second part is not complete.
           | 
           | The question is if it can ever become complete, or if it's
           | simply a no-go.
        
           | mikeyouse wrote:
           | This is just dishonest. They're not denying the ship because
           | of any of the physical requirements - they're denying it
           | because the crew hasn't completed the necessary training to
           | safely transit the harbor.
           | 
           | > _TasPorts had previously indicated Nuyina may be able to
           | pass under the bridge, but only after successful completing
           | of training courses and simulation exercises at the
           | Australian Maritime College._
           | 
           | > _The Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) has confirmed that
           | approval has not been granted and the ship must instead
           | travel to Burnie this summer, on the island state's north-
           | west coast, to receive fuel. This must occur before every
           | voyage to Antarctica._
           | 
           | It had conditional approval to transit the bridge last year
           | but then ended up being sent to Singapore for maintenance
           | work before they had finished. They were performing more
           | trials earlier this year but apparently still haven't
           | completed everything and are needed in Antarctica so are
           | shifting their plans.
        
             | tedunangst wrote:
             | What would be involved in helicoptering in a trained crew
             | to drive the boat under the bridge?
        
               | eropple wrote:
               | They'd also need to be trained on piloting the ship.
               | There aren't many of those ships.
        
               | i_am_jl wrote:
               | I'm not a ship/boat person, but isn't that the job of
               | harbor pilots? They have training on some specific
               | dangerous/technical passages/ports and are taken to a
               | ship, pilot the ship through the passage or into a berth,
               | then leave and go on their way?
               | 
               | I've never heard of the pilots around Port Newark needing
               | ship-specific training, even for giants like tankers or
               | container ships. Maybe this is somehow different in
               | Australia?
        
               | ok_dad wrote:
               | I used to be an officer of the deck on navy ships. From
               | liking at the bridge and knowing the history, it looks
               | like a very narrow and technical route under the bridge,
               | and probably slow and prone to wind. At slow speeds, it's
               | difficult to get steerage due to less water over the
               | control planes, so without auxiliary thrusters it's hard
               | to control. That means you need both familiarity with the
               | local conditions and also with the ship and its dynamics.
               | Going a few hundred kilometers is a day or less and it's
               | easier and safer, so it's the best choice when there
               | isn't a compelling reason other than saving a bit of time
               | once in a while. Maybe next time they'll choose to do the
               | training and certification, but this time they didn't.
               | 
               | I think this article tries to make it sound like a huge
               | deal, but no one really cares in reality.
        
               | eropple wrote:
               | I can't speak to it, but I do know that icebreakers
               | aren't in the same maritime class (I forget the specific
               | term here?) as those other ships. There just might not be
               | somebody who checks both boxes.
        
               | mikeyouse wrote:
               | Most harbors already use pilots to handle the 'last mile'
               | of docking the ship -- part of the trials &
               | certifications are ensuring that this one-off custom ship
               | will handle in the various conditions in a way that the
               | pilots will be able to control.
               | 
               | E.g. If something goes wrong on a windy day and they need
               | a tug - how many tugs of what size will be needed to
               | control it prevent damage to the harbor?
               | 
               | The vast majority of ships of this size are in very well
               | understood classes, so the one-off nature of this one
               | necessitates some special testing and consideration.
               | 
               | https://tasports.com.au/news/rsv-nuyina-to-commence-
               | harbour-...
        
               | Beldin wrote:
               | What would be involved is extensive training - precisely
               | the sort that is currently lacking. Basically, they were
               | already trying to helicopter in folks. The difficulty is
               | that it's rather challenging.
               | 
               | They need folk who are intimately familiar with the local
               | water- and weather conditions - aka pilots. On top of
               | that, they need folk who can precision-steer the vessel.
               | This is hard due to tides, current, wind, waves.
               | Moreover, the vessel is too big to stop or turn on a
               | dime. Hence the need for training.
        
             | falcolas wrote:
             | Nowhere in the quoted second paragraph is there indication
             | that the crew did not receive training.
             | 
             | Just that permission was not granted, with no reason given
             | in the article.
        
               | mikeyouse wrote:
               | There are two conditions to transit the bridge -- the
               | size of the vessel must conform (which it does) and the
               | crew and vessel must be certified to have completed the
               | training. They were working on completing it earlier this
               | summer (https://tasports.com.au/news/rsv-nuyina-sea-
               | trials) and then just recently announced they don't have
               | permission. You're allowed to read between the lines
               | there.
        
       | suprjami wrote:
       | Build a new refueling port instead of the new stadium?
        
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       (page generated 2023-08-24 23:01 UTC)