[HN Gopher] Natural beekeepers are the radical dissenters of api...
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       Natural beekeepers are the radical dissenters of apiculture
        
       Author : fortran77
       Score  : 55 points
       Date   : 2023-08-22 16:21 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.newyorker.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.newyorker.com)
        
       | giantg2 wrote:
       | Very interesting read, even for someone who has some exposure to
       | these ideas as a beekeeper. A lot of it really comes down to
       | personal theories and opinions.
       | 
       | I keep my bees as "treatment-free". I don't treat for mites. I
       | haven't had anything like AFB, but that would require drastic
       | measures. I leave on plenty of honey for the bees and try not to
       | feed at all. I use foundationless frames. I want to have
       | "survivor" stock, but that might take a few more years.
       | 
       | The average colony loss in the US is around 50% last time I
       | looked. It seems most people have good years and bad years
       | regardless of the management. I've had years when all, or nearly
       | all, hives have survived. I've also had years where all, or
       | nearly all, had died.
        
       | cryptonector wrote:
       | I highly recommend Top-Bar Beekeeping: Organic Practices for
       | Honeybee Health, by Les Crowder.
       | 
       | My bees are treatment-free and going strong, and we'll be
       | converting all of our Langstroth hives to top-bar hives this
       | coming Spring.
       | 
       | Basically, honeybee hives with mite treatment have high failure
       | rates, and honeybee hives with no chemical treatments do better
       | when the bees have been bred for mite resistance, so do the
       | latter.
       | 
       | As for top-bar hives vs. Langstroth, it's nigh impossible to keep
       | from killing bees with Langstroth hives every time you get into
       | them, and that's what makes them sting. Besides wanting a better
       | relationship with the bees, it feels real bad to kill any, so why
       | do it? Langstroth hives are only advantageous for large-scale
       | commercial beekeeping (because the "supers" stack, and because
       | the frames fit neatly in honey extractors), but in every other
       | way Langstroth hives are just awful.
        
         | voisin wrote:
         | I am new to beekeeping this year and just trying to build my
         | colonies up from the nucs I received. I have not done mite
         | checks as I don't want to kill a cup of bees every few weeks
         | just to do the check, and a shocking number of beekeepers I've
         | met have mentioned that they lost entire colonies as soon as
         | they treated for mites. I desperately want to be treatment-free
         | - if I pick up that book would the lessons be applicable if I
         | stuck with Langstroth hive bodies?
        
           | cryptonector wrote:
           | Starting from nucs is hard work. I also wouldn't bother
           | testing for mites because killing a few hundred bees from a
           | very weak colony is not really a good idea. Also, be very
           | careful not to expose bees -especially young nurse bees,
           | which don't fly yet- to the hot summer Sun -- I once killed
           | hundreds more bees that way than I'd needed to for a mite
           | test.
           | 
           | > I desperately want to be treatment-free - if I pick up that
           | book would the lessons be applicable if I stuck with
           | Langstroth hive bodies?
           | 
           | Yes!, yes quite!
        
       | psychphysic wrote:
       | No of course not. Paywalled article so just guessing.
        
         | thebears5454 wrote:
         | The real headline could be more accurately put as "Is modern
         | amateur/hobbiest beekeeping making bee's genetically weaker?"
         | 
         | "None of us knew at the time how strong the selection would be
         | in the wild," Seeley told me recently. "It turned out that the
         | bees had the variation needed to develop the traits to resist
         | the mites." While beekeepers were experimenting with chemical
         | treatments and hive designs, the bees in the forest were
         | changing genetically. Their life styles helped them, too.
         | "Colonies living in the wild have many things going for them,"
         | Seeley said. The bees lived in smaller groups, relatively far
         | apart, which made it harder for varroa to spread. They swarmed
         | every year, which broke the reproductive cycle of the mites.
         | (If a colony swarms, the nest is left without bee larvae, which
         | is where varroa mites take hold.)"
         | 
         | Heres a small snippet that briefly explains some of the things
         | some Beekeepers think amateur beekeepers do incorrectly.
        
           | cryptonector wrote:
           | > Heres a small snippet that briefly explains some of the
           | things some Beekeepers think amateur beekeepers do
           | incorrectly.
           | 
           | Not just amateurs. Professionals too.
        
           | psychphysic wrote:
           | That makes more sense, but the answer is still of course not.
           | 
           | It's not like beekeepers keep their hives significantly
           | overlap with where wild bees live.
        
       | Lacerda69 wrote:
       | As always with these kinds of headlines the answer is no.
       | 
       | Humans live in a symbiotic relationship with bees, we can not
       | exist without each other.
        
         | hagbarth wrote:
         | That seems untrue. If nothing else due to the fact that bees
         | existed for 10s of millions of years before humans did.
        
         | lopis wrote:
         | What do you mean? We can live without bees from bee-keeping
         | just fine. That's like saying cows and us can't live without
         | each other.
        
           | bnt wrote:
           | Uhm are you gonna run around fields chasing wild cows for
           | milk and burgers?
        
           | bryanrasmussen wrote:
           | sure - but the current number of cattle in the world would be
           | unsustainable without human care and need for them.
           | 
           | on edit: fixed grammar
        
           | bborud wrote:
           | Not quite. Much of the industry for growing fruit depends on
           | beekeepers renting out their bees as pollinators. As for
           | cattle, well, yeah, they wholly depend on us. If you are in
           | doubt just look at the relative sizes of populations of
           | cattle vs mammalian wildlife.
        
             | lopis wrote:
             | Yes, cattle depends on us, but we definitely don't depend
             | on them; that was the point I was trying to make.
        
               | defrost wrote:
               | Oh, really?
               | 
               | How do you explain wild feral cattle thriving in the
               | Kimberley, Arnhem Land, etc. then?
               | 
               | https://news.csu.edu.au/feature/are-feral-cattle-the-
               | brumbie...
               | 
               | https://www.abc.net.au/listen/programs/offtrack/the-
               | banteng-...
               | 
               | http://www.windyhills.com.au/wild-cattle/
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | inglor_cz wrote:
         | Our current civilization certainly seems to score very high on
         | neuroticism.
         | 
         | 50 years from now, people will label the Zeistgeist as a
         | resurgence of old Victorianism, with different (in direction,
         | not in kind) racial and sexual taboos and an extra dollop of
         | hairshirt environmentalism.
        
           | throwaway290 wrote:
           | Was there anything but neuroticism in non hunter gatherer
           | societies?
        
         | dvh wrote:
         | I think bees can easily live without humans, they would just
         | became another insignificant species like many others, say for
         | example, like Alburnoides Bipunctatus. Wait, why did I picked
         | that one? What's so special about it that I picked it? Nothing,
         | that's why I picked it.
        
           | pvaldes wrote:
           | (second word in lowercase please: Alburnoides bipunctatus).
           | 
           | In any case some species are key species and have more impact
           | on ecosystems than other.
        
           | spookie wrote:
           | That's true, but I do agree in part that we've a pretty good
           | relationship with bees. And, any beekeeper will respect the
           | bees and only take what's needed without making their life
           | harder.
        
             | vbezhenar wrote:
             | Beekeper extracts almost all honey and replaces it with
             | sugar. Because sugar is cheap and bees survive with sugar.
             | 
             | Edited typo
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | Not I! Sugar water is terrible for the bees. If you want
               | strong colonies that over-winter fine and bounce back
               | fast in the Spring to make lots of honey, then you'd best
               | leave them plenty of honey to make it through the winter.
               | I only extract half of what I harvest (freezing that
               | which I don't extract so I can give it back later if the
               | colonies need it), and I leave a fair bit in the hives
               | too.
               | 
               | Don't buy commercial honey. Buy local, small- and medium-
               | batch honey.
        
               | spookie wrote:
               | Well then, I'm sorry for my limited knowledge of
               | artisinal beekeepers. That does make sense for bigger
               | ones.
        
               | pvaldes wrote:
               | > Beekeper extracts almost all bee and replaces it with
               | sugar
               | 
               | If you mean that the larvae combs are removed and
               | replaced by sugar... most probably not. The idea is
               | having as much bees by beehive as you can breed.
               | 
               | If you mean that beekeepers remove "almost all" honey
               | leaving bees to starve, this is an oversimplification.
               | Any professional beekeeper know that will need to leave
               | enough honey for winter. Leaving a minimum of 12-15 Kg of
               | honey is standard and should suffice for the bees. If the
               | beehive looks weak may not be harvested at all. Sugar is
               | provided if needed as winter emergency feeding. The
               | beekeeper will feed the bees in autumn also to assure
               | that the fall born bees are as strong as fatty as
               | possible.
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | > If you mean that the larvae combs are removed and
               | replaced by sugar... most probably not. The idea is
               | having as much bees by beehive as you can breed.
               | 
               | GP almost certainly meant that beekeepers take all the
               | honey then they feed the bees sugar-water. That actually
               | is true of some (many?) beekeepers.
        
               | pvaldes wrote:
               | It depends strongly on location. Winter bees live on
               | autumn fat. If the bees are well feed in fall and the
               | winters are warm, will need much less honey to survive.
               | The beehive will not be required to be warmed against
               | chilling temperatures for example so bees don't need to
               | spend so much energy warming it
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | For sure. Where we are we have mild winters.
        
         | hef19898 wrote:
         | Ah, yet another reminder to never ever read articles when the
         | headline contains a question mark.
        
         | helsinkiandrew wrote:
         | > As always with these kinds of headlines the answer is no.
         | 
         | The article is making the case that the answer is Yes. It goes
         | over the reasons why the current way of Beekeeping
         | (predominately for harvesting their honey) could be bad for
         | bees and explains methods that the 'natural beekeepers' are
         | using to make their pollination role more sustainable.
         | 
         | From the article:
         | 
         | > Most beekeepers' colonies are much larger than those which
         | occur in the wild, and rival colonies might be separated by
         | only a few yards, rather than by half a mile. Much of the bees'
         | honey, which is supposed to get them through the winter, is
         | taken before they have a chance to eat it. A queen bee goes on
         | a spree of mating flights early in her life, and then lays the
         | fertilized eggs until her death. In apiaries, queens often have
         | their wings clipped, to interrupt swarming (a colony's natural
         | form of reproduction), and are routinely inspected, and
         | replaced by newcomers, sometimes imported from the other side
         | of the world. Propolis--a wonderful, sticky substance that bees
         | make from tree resin and that has antibacterial qualities--is
         | typically scraped out of hives by beekeepers because it is
         | annoying and hard to get off their hands.
         | 
         | > Natural beekeepers leave their bees alone. They seldom treat
         | for disease--allowing the weaker colonies to fail--and they
         | raise the survivors in conditions that are as close as possible
         | to tree cavities. They fill their hives with swarms that come
         | in on the wing, rather than those which come from dealers who
         | trade on the Internet.
        
           | cryptonector wrote:
           | > > In apiaries, queens often have their wings clipped, to
           | interrupt swarming
           | 
           | This is nonsense. Beekeepers like to do "splits" (simulated
           | swarming) because it increases the number of hives they have
           | (and if they have too many, they can sell them), and mated
           | queens don't and can't fly far unless the colony prepares her
           | for swarming by making her lose weight for a couple of weeks
           | before swarming.
           | 
           | > > and are routinely inspected, and replaced by newcomers,
           | sometimes imported from the other side of the world.
           | 
           | This is true. Well, the queens themselves don't get
           | "inspected" so much as the whole colony, because the
           | beekeeper wants to see the queen laying lots. Re-queening is
           | very much a thing, and quite frequent too.
           | 
           | > > Propolis--a wonderful, sticky substance that bees make
           | from tree resin and that has antibacterial qualities--is
           | typically scraped out of hives by beekeepers because it is
           | annoying and hard to get off their hands.
           | 
           | I never scrape off propolis (which really is wonderful), and
           | all beekeepers really should not scrape it off. But it's
           | generally understood that propolis is very good. Indeed,
           | there are beekeepers who stimulate production of propolis to
           | harvest and sell it (you can definitely find propolis
           | products out there), but only ignorant ones scrape it of
           | because it's annoying.
           | 
           | > > Natural beekeepers leave their bees alone. They seldom
           | treat for disease--allowing the weaker colonies to fail--and
           | they raise the survivors in conditions that are as close as
           | possible to tree cavities. They fill their hives with swarms
           | that come in on the wing, rather than those which come from
           | dealers who trade on the Internet.
           | 
           | True! Except that catching swarms is no guarantee that those
           | are not "from dealers who trade on the Internet" (oh noes,
           | not the Iinnnternet! and dealers!!). I've bought queens "on
           | the Internet", though not from dealers but from beekeepers
           | who do queen rearing. The problem with those queens is that
           | they're often not very good, possibly because the larvae used
           | for the grafts was too old, or because they didn't get enough
           | chances to mate, or because of in-breeding.
        
           | mrweasel wrote:
           | > replaced by newcomers, sometimes imported from the other
           | side of the world
           | 
           | Depending on how you view it that bit is actually wrong. You
           | are specifically NOT ALLOWED to ship bees between e.g. Europe
           | and North America. I think you can send sperm and maybe eggs
           | (not sure if that's possible).
        
             | helsinkiandrew wrote:
             | Technically they were correct - the US can import from New
             | Zealand, but yes its quite protected: https://www.aphis.usd
             | a.gov/aphis/ourfocus/planthealth/import...
             | 
             | Germplasm (which I think is used to artificially inseminate
             | queens) does seem less restricted:
             | 
             | https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/planthealth/impor
             | t...
        
             | cryptonector wrote:
             | Yes, but the "from the other side of the world" stock is
             | already here.
        
         | primax wrote:
         | Also hives can (and do) abscond and go feral from the
         | beekeepers hives any time they wish. They stay because the
         | conditions are good.
        
           | cryptonector wrote:
           | Basically this. Colonies stay for the room and occasional
           | board, as well as all the flowers that beekeepers typically
           | plant in the hopes of making their bees productive.
           | 
           | Colonies do abscond, absolutely, and there's lots of feral
           | honeybee colonies out there.
        
             | Lacerda69 wrote:
             | Ok maybe its just a mutually very benificial relationship
             | and we could survive without each other; but it's nicer
             | together.
        
       | ehnto wrote:
       | I would be focusing on other types of farming long before I
       | worried much about beekeeping. It's a wild stretch to consider it
       | harmful for bees, and if the planet is to survive we should
       | probably do all we can to keep them around.
       | 
       | You could argue that you are benefiting from them still I
       | suppose, but we all benefit from bees pollinating even if they
       | are wild bees. We are still part of the ecosystem, we can't
       | remove ourselves entirely (even though we seem determined not to
       | make it through The Great Filter
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Filter)
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | In a way, beekeeping is stealing nectar from wild bees.
       | 
       | I pretty much never see wild bees in my garden anymore - they're
       | all honey bees, and usually some human is keeping/farming them -
       | effectively stealing nectar from my garden and that of thousands
       | of my neighbours that we had left out for wild animals.
        
         | cryptonector wrote:
         | I have every kind of wild local pollinator on my flowers as
         | well my honeybees: wild solitary bees, wasps, butterflies, and
         | hummingbird moths.
        
         | mrweasel wrote:
         | This is completely anecdotally but keeping honey bees in my
         | garden appeared to attract a large number of wild bees, like
         | bumblebees, ground nesting and solitary bees. Part of it might
         | be that I've attempted to great an good environment for my own
         | bees, part of it might also simply be that I notice bees a lot
         | more.
         | 
         | Commercial beekeepers are a different story, but they mostly
         | place their apiaries in areas where wild bees couldn't possibly
         | manage to cover the entire area anyway, like fields.
         | 
         | One issue that might be at play in your case is that types of
         | bees beekeepers normally keep are way better at dealing with
         | pesticides, as compared to bumblebees and solitary bees. Your
         | neighbors might be going a bit heavy on the spraying and some
         | might actively be destroying the nests of ground nesting bees
         | out of fear. For a few weeks each year my sidewalk is alive
         | with ground nesting bees, while just a few meters away
         | everything is fuck dead, because a stupid neighbor is allergic
         | to bees and wasp and assumes that every bee is going to kill
         | him (he doesn't keep an epi-pen so I question the seriousness
         | of his affliction), so he sprays pretty much all sidewalks
         | around here, except mine.
        
         | 4gotunameagain wrote:
         | _Stealing_ is a weird choice of words. Do you steal the oxygen
         | that you breathe, or the water that you drink ? For it to reach
         | your tap, it has been stolen by some fish 's lake
        
           | Modified3019 wrote:
           | The nectar and pollen that flowers produce is in fact a
           | limited resource, both in quantity and in time available.
           | 
           | Honeybees have the capability of depleting such resources
           | because they are far more active than they actually need to
           | be, which is one of the reasons we use them for crops with
           | very high densities of flowers, like blueberries. They are
           | efficient and thorough enough to get the job done.
           | 
           | There are times of the year (in particular, late summer/fall)
           | where good flowers are especially hard to come by, and so
           | solitary bees can have trouble trying to compete against a
           | hive in the area when they are trying to gather the resources
           | they need to reproduce. Meanwhile a hive also has honey
           | stored so dips in availability during the year matter much
           | less.
        
           | funcantor wrote:
           | Sir, please stop stealing my internet
        
             | Tagbert wrote:
             | "stealing the nectar" is more like saying that you are
             | stealing the webpages of websites.
        
           | blueflow wrote:
           | Wait until they realize bees do all that work without a
           | profit incentive!
        
             | mmmmmmtoes wrote:
             | They do?
        
           | distances wrote:
           | The parent has a point, though I never thought about it that
           | way. In a way a similar case would be if you had a squad of
           | squirrels that gather seeds and nuts from your neighbour's
           | gardens, and you would then take and sell the bounty that
           | they bring back.
        
             | mike_richards wrote:
             | If the bees are in a man made hive they need you to remove
             | honey so that they have room to lay. If you don't they will
             | leave and not all of that honey is going with them.
        
               | distances wrote:
               | The neighbour example is about wild critters getting the
               | harvest from your own yard vs. your neighbour running a
               | farming operation and keeping the proceeds.
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | Eh, it's not quite that simple.
               | 
               | Honeybees produce more honey than they need for several
               | reasons, mainly that a) they are natural hoarders, b)
               | we've bred them to hoard even more.
               | 
               | It's true that colonies can become pollen-bound and/or
               | nectar-/honey-bound, and thus have too little space for
               | brood. When this happens it's very likely that the colony
               | will swarm off, leaving behind as few as 20% or so of the
               | bees behind, as well as and swarm cells from which one
               | victorious queen will emerge, and then the rump colony
               | will have plenty of honey while it's weak and recovering
               | its numbers. During that time they'll consume whatever it
               | was they had too much of and thus make room for brood.
        
               | mike_richards wrote:
               | Yes, and you will have happy neighbors... I do understand
               | that the natural reproduction cycle isn't quite that
               | simple. However for "normal" operation some removal is
               | beneficial and not "stealing", so long as they have
               | adequate supplies.
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | Not only that, but what beekeepers do is give the colony
               | more room as it fills the hive with honey. The bees don't
               | realize they have enough and just gather more and more,
               | thus ending up with a large surplus that the beekeeper is
               | happy to harvest.
        
         | laputan_machine wrote:
         | Interesting, I only ever see wild solitary bees in my (UK)
         | garden.
        
         | meerita wrote:
         | And bees steal the polen and the nectar from flowers.
        
           | will5421 wrote:
           | Bees steal nectar, not pollen, but in exchange the flower
           | reproduces
        
             | Faaak wrote:
             | Bees "steal" nectar (sugar) AND pollen (protein) :-)
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | Pollen also has fats. Bees very much need some of those
               | fats. I recently saw a presentation on a paper about bee
               | diets where they tested honeybee pollen preferences, and
               | they tend to like pollens with omega-3-rich fats, up to
               | 25% or so.
        
             | pvaldes wrote:
             | People take honey, but in exchange bees receive a few
             | things
             | 
             | 1) Pillbox Housing. Expensive beehive, made from metal and
             | wood, and with only a few narrow entries easy to defend.
             | 
             | 2) Comfort. In a quiet sunny place without loud music or
             | sounds. A lid protecting from rain and storms and walls
             | able to stand winds guarantee a dry and warm inner area. A
             | lot of clean wax combs ready to be occupied with minimum
             | effort and a structure to put each comb apart exactly how
             | bees like it.
             | 
             | 3) Free medical care. Provided by the species with the most
             | advanced medicine known in the universe.
             | 
             | 4) Free emergency help. Including extra food rations in
             | winter and beehive rescue in case of wildfire or flood
             | 
             | 5) Bodyguard services. Anti bear stone walls, Anti-wasp
             | electric fences and Bee-eater deterrents if needed. Banners
             | against human trespassers and regulation discouraging
             | thieves.
             | 
             | 8) Holidays. Free vehicle transport to visit fields in
             | bloom exactly in the be-est touristic season.
             | 
             | 9) Dating services at intercontinental level
             | 
             | 10) All you can eat buffet. Gardens designed specifically
             | and seeded with the best international selection of premium
             | nectar.
             | 
             | 11) Water sources and ponds to drink
        
               | lukas099 wrote:
               | I think the idea was that the native bees lose share of
               | the resources to honeybees that are artificially
               | supported. Which is not something I had thought about
               | before.
        
           | Tagbert wrote:
           | Bees and flowers have a commensel relationship where the
           | flowers provide nectar and some pollen to the bees in
           | exchange for distribution of the flower's pollen for
           | fertilization. The bees aren't "stealing" anything. That
           | nectar has no purpose to the plant if it doesn't attract
           | pollinators.
           | 
           | Of course neither the bees nor the flowers are conscious of
           | this relationship or their roles in it as it evolved
           | naturally from the natures of both plants and insects.
        
         | mike_richards wrote:
         | It may have to do with the flowers you have in your yard. I
         | have a beehive and a large number and diversity of native
         | pollinators, but I plant to attract and support them.
        
         | khazhoux wrote:
         | > In a way, beekeeping is stealing nectar from wild bees.
         | 
         | Congrats! You've independently discovered the plot of _Bee
         | Movie_ , spawner of one million memes.
        
       | RajT88 wrote:
       | > You could never domesticate a robin.
       | 
       | I dunno. We domesticated the Rock Dove just fine.
        
       | dotdi wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/MJDbV
        
       | justinclift wrote:
       | > Gareth John ... who lives on a quiet lane above a river in
       | Oxfordshire. > John asked me not to disclose his exact location,
       | because his hives fell off the radar of the National Bee Unit ...
       | 
       | Giving his _full name_ and the area he lives seems like a super
       | incompetent way to  "not disclose" his location.
       | 
       | Just a basic online search for his name and bee keeping related
       | terms finds the guy's location pretty clearly. :(
        
       | throwawayoaky wrote:
       | Too many honeybees! Was hoping this would be about bumbles and
       | carpenters
        
       | mrweasel wrote:
       | There's a lot of weird assumptions in the article. "Normal"
       | beekeepers try to breed varroa resistant bees as well, but still
       | trying to keep the non-resistant ones alive too. It might be
       | faster to just let nature deal with the issue, but that means
       | losing an insane amount of hives. It's basically the same as
       | claiming that hunters don't care about animals or the forrest, or
       | that dairy farms don't care about their cows. All beekeepers want
       | the same thing, health bees, being able to go out and just watch
       | them, it's not like we have some weird need to open a hive every
       | week and inspect 30 frames for bad signs... That's the boring
       | part.
       | 
       | Most of the bees being kept by beekeepers aren't natural as such.
       | One of the most common types is Buckfast and that's a cross
       | between a number of different species. So is the suggestion that
       | we kill 75% of the bees in apiaries to "keep it natural"?
       | 
       | Normally you also only buy one or two colonies, the rest of you
       | apiary will be made from those original colonies and you only buy
       | new ones in case of disease or if you want to build a larger
       | apiary faster. So I don't get the negativity towards "buying bees
       | online". While I do think swarm catching is great, I'd recommend
       | getting the swarm checked for disease before placing it in any
       | apiary.
        
         | pell wrote:
         | >or that dairy farms don't care about their cows
         | 
         | If you go by the conditions the majority of milk cows in
         | industrialized nations live under that is a very obvious
         | conclusion.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | Farmers want less stressed cows because they produce more
           | milk. The underlying economics means they have other
           | concerns, but even "factory" dairy farms will tend to
           | optimize more for cow comfort than you might think.
           | 
           | People also overly focus on density without understanding
           | cows are herd animals. They form herds even in empty fields.
        
           | BbzzbB wrote:
           | That's particularly a US problem, ours are not crammed like
           | sardine cans.
        
             | marliechiller wrote:
             | what about disbudding, premature parent/calf separation,
             | artifical insemination and harvesting of male calfs?
        
               | floren wrote:
               | Most modern dairymen avoid male calves entirely through
               | the use of sexed semen.
        
             | TheChaplain wrote:
             | Confirmed. Family relative in Sweden is a farmer, their
             | cows roam around freely and go to the milking robot
             | themselves when they need.
        
               | Loughla wrote:
               | Family relative in the US is a farmer as well, their cows
               | roam around freely and go to the milking robot themselves
               | when they need.
               | 
               | It's true. But it's also anecdotal.
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | There are battery-farming operations all over Europe
             | (particularly in the UK), and there are pasture farming
             | operations all over the US.
        
             | loxdalen wrote:
             | Source?
        
               | mrweasel wrote:
               | https://aabentlandbrug.dk/faq <- In Danish though. Dairy
               | cows must have access to pastures from April 15th until
               | November, for at least six hours per day.
               | 
               | Inside a cow must have at least 6.6 - 8m2, depending on
               | the size of the cow.
               | 
               | Note that the rules are worse for cows breed for meat.
        
               | scruple wrote:
               | Interesting. Where I grew up, rural Ohio, was a massive
               | dairy farm where the milk was put into container ships
               | and sent overseas to... Denmark.
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | Danish dairy products have a huge market in Asia and the
               | Middle East
        
             | BagelGuy wrote:
             | While their living conditions are better it seems a stretch
             | to say that these farmers "care" much for the beings they
             | imprison, artificially inseminate, and extract resources
             | from.
             | 
             | I imagine they aren't providing much care for the males
             | born from their cows.
        
             | znpy wrote:
             | Thanks, as usual people from the usa are assuming there's
             | no other way of living other than the USA way
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | Unless you're doing AI, all your subsequent stock will be mutts
         | anyways.
        
           | JacobAldridge wrote:
           | I think I just realised why no farmers trained in Artificial
           | Insemination are opening my "Detailed" and "Visual"
           | Artificial Intelligence tutorials...
        
         | cryptonector wrote:
         | Strong, no-chemical-treatment hives with "good genetics" in
         | low-pesticide environments have low loss rates.
         | 
         | Even the loss rates we see advertised (38% or whatever) are not
         | existential problems for beekeeping because you can split hives
         | (i.e., reproduce) at a higher rate anyways. So the switch to
         | no-chemical-treatment plans is not that hard.
         | 
         | Honeybee colonies are mainly stressed by a) pesticides (in the
         | pollen and nectar that they gather, in the wax that beekeepers
         | give them to accelerate comb building, in the water they drink,
         | and in the mite treatments they are subjected to), b) the
         | varroa mites that have inadvertently been bred to be strong
         | while the bees have been inadvertently bred to be weak.
        
         | 000ooo000 wrote:
         | >It's basically the same as claiming that hunters don't care
         | about animals
         | 
         | Is there a suggestion here that people who kill animals for
         | fun/leisure care for them? In the same sense that one might use
         | the word 'care' when referring to a loved one or a pet?
        
           | mrweasel wrote:
           | Yes... I mean you probably won't shoot the family dog if it's
           | sick, you'd take it to the vet.
           | 
           | Arguably hunters don't think in terms of single animals,
           | unlike farmers, they care about the overall welfare of the
           | ecosystem so that it may support sufficient number of animals
           | to allow for hunting. I don't know how it works elsewhere,
           | but I'd bet that Danish hunters do more to protect nature
           | than any vegan or vegetarian organisation and they almost
           | always work with nature preservation organisations.
        
             | 000ooo000 wrote:
             | So hunters 'care' for animals in the ecosystem so that they
             | can continue to kill the animals in the ecosystem? Not very
             | convincing..
        
               | depressedpanda wrote:
               | Like it or not predators hunting prey is part of any
               | natural ecosystem. A necessary part.
               | 
               | I don't know what it's like where you are from, but in
               | general I'd say hunters care a lot more about, and do
               | more for, nature in their local ecosystem than your
               | average city dwelling vegan hipster.
        
               | abeppu wrote:
               | I've heard people casually make the argument that human
               | hunters function similarly to natural predators in terms
               | of increasing population fitness -- but does that
               | actually make sense?
               | 
               | A natural predator is incentivized to identify and go
               | after a weak prey animal, b/c it's easier. Maybe this
               | shifts the prey population to be a bit faster, or have
               | sharper reflexes or something. But a modern human hunter
               | may feel drawn to try to take the choicest specimen (e.g.
               | a mature male deer with large antlers), and shoots from a
               | distance, and a bullet moves too fast for the variance in
               | reaction time or running speed of the animals to matter.
               | Do human hunters using modern tech really select for
               | fitness?
               | 
               | I do know that in fisheries around the world, when
               | regulations said that only fish of a given species above
               | a given size could be kept, fish got smaller. I.e. they
               | were "fitter" in the sense of being more likely to be
               | released by a human fisher, but not in the sense of
               | having gained any advantage wrt the natural parts of
               | their ecosystem. There are a lot of fishing competitions
               | where the size of the largest fish trends down over time
               | (and the records were set decades ago) not because
               | individual competitors got worse at fishing, but because
               | we selected against large fish.
               | 
               | I think the most plausible argument for human hunters
               | being a net environmental good is just that in many
               | places the fees associated with hunting licenses are a
               | source of funds for actual conservation work.
        
               | civilitty wrote:
               | What have those vegans done for animals? Just because
               | they can't stomach eating them doesn't mean they actually
               | "care" about animals enough to do something productive.
               | 
               | In the US, hunters have long spearheaded conservation
               | efforts. Theodore Roosevelt said, over a hundred years
               | ago:
               | 
               |  _> "In a civilized and cultivated country, wild animals
               | only continue to exist at all when preserved by
               | sportsmen. The excellent people who protest against all
               | hunting, and consider sportsmen as enemies of wildlife,
               | are ignorant of the fact that in reality the genuine
               | sportsman is by all odds the most important factor in
               | keeping the larger and more valuable wild creatures from
               | total extermination."_
               | 
               | He a prolific hunter himself was responsible for
               | significant expanding the national park system and
               | founded the wildlife refuge system.
        
               | swores wrote:
               | > _I 'd say hunters care a lot more about, and do more
               | for, nature in their local ecosystem than your average
               | city dwelling vegan hipster._
               | 
               | I don't think you've met many vegan hipsters, as while I
               | can't claim to be either of those things I've known many,
               | many of them and would pretty much universally disagree
               | with you.
               | 
               | (Though a) I'm in UK which maybe makes a different
               | compared to where you are, and b) anecdotes are of course
               | not data, and the one thing we can say for sure is that
               | within types of people such as "vegan" or "hunter" there
               | are certainly going to be some who are absolute cunts,
               | some who are practically angels, and everything in
               | between. But despite only having anecdotes not data, I
               | feel pretty confident in my anecdotal experience backing
               | up the notion that the average vegan is generally going
               | to care more about animals than the average non-vegan).
        
             | bleuarff wrote:
             | On the other hand, the head of the french hunting
             | federation has openly said he couldn't care less about
             | animals and regulations. While receiving public funds to
             | fulfill a mission of regulation.
        
               | mrweasel wrote:
               | Okay, that is actually down right idiotic. The Danish
               | hunters association even wants cat regulated due to the
               | excessive damage they do to wildlife.
        
               | consumer451 wrote:
               | They might get inspiration from New Zealand.
               | 
               | https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/aug/19/bird-
               | killing-m...
        
           | jemmyw wrote:
           | I guess there is the idea that hunters wish the animal
           | species well so they can continue hunting. Tell that to the
           | passenger pigeon, whose last existing flock was knowingly
           | hunted, making the species effectively extinct.
        
             | Ensorceled wrote:
             | In 1900 ... 123 years ago.
             | 
             | Not all hunters are conservationists but most are and laws
             | and regulations are in place to protect animal species from
             | over hunting (at least in Canada most of the US). Some
             | conservation efforts are almost entirely run by hunters,
             | for instance Duck's Unlimited has majority of its members
             | as hunters.
        
           | caput770 wrote:
           | You clearly have little idea of what you're talking about if
           | you think hunters kill animals for fun and leisure.
        
             | riversflow wrote:
             | I know a lot of hunters. Fun and leisure is exactly how I
             | would describe it. Do you really think most hunters kill
             | animals out of necessity? There are exceptions of course
             | but, lol.
             | 
             | There is certainly a place for hunting and there are
             | certainly hunters who care deeply about ecology. I don't
             | see how it's not a combination of fun and leisure though.
        
             | BiteCode_dev wrote:
             | I know many hunters, and they do.
        
       | joshxyz wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
       | ggm wrote:
       | A different article I read this week says urban bees exceed the
       | feeding capacity in the city in some places and we need to be
       | more circumspect about who, and how many bees.
       | 
       | More diverse pollination insects would probably be net beneficial
       | in bee pollinated foods.
        
         | adolph wrote:
         | A recent popular science book I'd recommend is "Endless Forms:
         | The Secret World of Wasps" by Seirian Sumner. It speaks to
         | wasps' utility as pollinators, pest eaters and how bees and
         | ants are descendants of wasps. After reading it I turned over a
         | dirt dauber next and showed my kids the wasp larva with the
         | separate chamber of immobilized but living spiders and other
         | bugs the mother wasp had apportioned for the larva.
         | 
         | https://www.amazon.com/Endless-Forms-Secret-World-Wasps/dp/0...
        
         | cryptonector wrote:
         | > and we need to be more circumspect about who, and how many
         | bees.
         | 
         | Urban beekeepers in low-capacity areas will give up when their
         | hobby colonies fail. Let them.
        
           | voisin wrote:
           | That's one approach. Or we could advocate for more pollinator
           | friendly plantings on boulevards and the edges of parks, and
           | advocate for the outright banning of pesticides/herbicides in
           | parks and on lawns. I find it unconscionable that we have
           | elevated green, non-native monoculture lawns to the highest
           | order, allowing people to spray what they want and waste up
           | to 75% of household water on irrigating their lawns for...
           | the ego stroke of green lawns in August?
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | In the US, urban beekeepers are harming native pollinators by
           | keeping livestock bees --- all honeybees are livestock in the
           | US, where they're invasive.
        
             | kibwen wrote:
             | Honeybees aren't native to the US, but there are lots of
             | native bee species. I see no reason to assume that every
             | beekeeper is only in it for the honey.
        
       | avalys wrote:
       | You can tell who didn't bother to read the article here, by the
       | people who clearly assumed the article was asking "Is Beekeeping
       | Morally Wrong?", as opposed to the actual topic of the article
       | which might have been better titled "Is Beekeeping Using the
       | Wrong Approach?"
        
         | swores wrote:
         | Or maybe people are just more interested in arguing for/against
         | the first one and a comments thread like this seems like a good
         | place for it? It's not like they're such unrelated topics that
         | discussing beekeeping ethics in this thread is ridiculous if
         | that's what people want to discuss, it's not like discussing
         | potato chips in a thread about CPU chips.
         | 
         | I'll also add that I don't think there's anything intrinsically
         | wrong, as you seem to, with coming straight to a HN comments
         | thread without first reading the article. I know I'm not alone
         | in intentionally doing that quite often, partly because for
         | many subjects (including this one) I'm not really interested
         | enough to want to read an article-length deep dive of any
         | single person's opinion, whereas seeing a wide range of views
         | in comment-length bee-sized pieces has the potential to be
         | interesting to me. I've always got the option to go read the
         | full article if after reading the comments it seems like I'd
         | find it interesting to do so.
        
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