[HN Gopher] The new science of meditation
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The new science of meditation
        
       Author : ojarow
       Score  : 151 points
       Date   : 2023-08-22 13:41 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.vox.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.vox.com)
        
       | mohave529 wrote:
       | "Along a less-traveled route, meditation remains what it long
       | was: a deeply transformative pursuit, a devoted metamorphosis of
       | the mind toward increasingly enlightened states."
       | 
       | This pretty much lines up with what meditation has done for me.
       | However, the pursuit of "states" can be a trap in of itself.
       | 
       | As my practice has gotten deeper, I've started to reframe
       | meditation for myself as the process of unrelenting inquiry in
       | the search for base truth. In that pursuit, the practice becomes
       | a process of subtraction of core beliefs and ideas that simply
       | aren't true - or can't be known to be true. As these beliefs
       | disappeared, much of my own personal suffering did as well as so
       | many of the things that were sources of conflict in my mind were
       | predicated on false beliefs.
       | 
       | With this framing meditation can take many forms. Ramana Maharshi
       | famously asked his devotees to start with the question of "Who am
       | I?" and just keep inquiring.
        
         | curo wrote:
         | > the pursuit of "states" can be a trap in of itself
         | 
         | Fully agree although a lot of devotees of Ramana Maharshi said
         | they fell into silence just sitting in his presence. Improbable
         | but it would be hilarious if scientists could make little
         | "mouna wifi hubs" where practitioners got a silence handicap by
         | sitting around it.
         | 
         | In the end though, I'm also skeptical that anything about self-
         | inquiry can be replicated by an additive approach.
        
           | jules22 wrote:
           | There are a bunch of psychology phenomena that explain such
           | things. No Wifi involved.
           | 
           | I generally find the followers to be quite suggestable by
           | people they designated as a guru.
        
         | freitzkriesler2 wrote:
         | > This pretty much lines up with what meditation has done for
         | me. However, the pursuit of "states" can be a trap in of
         | itself.
         | 
         | Interesting, after a certain point you get diminishing returns
         | and once you've eliminated or solved the things conflicting
         | you, then staying in a meditative state becomes an illusory
         | trap to avoid life and living.
         | 
         | I knew a guy who did just that. Would spend hours meditating to
         | the point where he avoided living. It seemed to be more like
         | avoidance rather than being able to enjoy the gift of living
         | without the troubles that come with it which meditation solves.
        
           | beardedmoose wrote:
           | Interesting take. With this line of thinking would Buddhist
           | monks just be practicing excessive escapism much like those
           | who turn to drugs and alcohol?
           | 
           | Just some random thoughts but there seems to be a reoccurring
           | theme in life in which too much of a good thing is indeed too
           | much. Life is about balance, all that meditating and no
           | action does what exactly? What good is all that enlightenment
           | if you aren't experiencing life or helping others?
        
             | freitzkriesler2 wrote:
             | Maybe but not always. Some of those Buddhist monks still
             | enjoy a few earthly pleasures albeit at levels that appear
             | quite modest to us.
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | Could you give an example of beliefs/ideas you've let go of, or
         | discovered can't be known to be true?
         | 
         | I've been trying to understand the pros/cons of psychotherapy
         | vs meditation, as both of them seem to involve letting go of
         | false beliefs. But while there are a lot of examples of this in
         | psychotherapy and the mechanisms are well-documented, it's hard
         | to find first-person accounts regarding meditation that aren't
         | just generalities. So I'd find it really valuable to hear some
         | examples of anything concrete/practical -- of course if it's
         | nothing too personal or private.
        
           | galaxyLogic wrote:
           | > trying to understand the pros/cons of psychotherapy vs
           | meditation, as both of them seem to involve letting go of
           | false beliefs.
           | 
           | I think mediation is more about getting rid of all beliefs
           | temporarily.
           | 
           | Beliefs are just language playing around in the echo-chamber
           | of your mind. Having too much noise in an echo-chamber can be
           | distracting and stressful and can make you not hear what you
           | should be hearing.
           | 
           | Meditation stops (or slows down) your thoughts. Then you
           | realize you are just fine even if you don't repeat certain
           | thoughts or variations of them in your brain.
           | 
           | Imagine you are a soldier. Enemy-attack is eminent. It can
           | make you fearful. But that is only because you are imagining
           | the different possible terrible effects of the enemy attack
           | on you.
           | 
           | It is unlikely that all the bad things you imagine about will
           | happen. But imagining them has a detrimental effect of your
           | mind. Mediation helps counter that.
           | 
           | But you shouldn't stay in meditation forever you're supposed
           | to come out of it so you can tackle the real life problems
           | with a well rested mind which is better equipped to perceive
           | the world as is, than a person in an echo-chamber would.
        
           | malux85 wrote:
           | For me, it was about confronting deliberate self deception.
           | In my mind I always told myself that "I dont have time to
           | exercise", when the truth was, I was too lazy to exercise.
           | 
           | While I was meditating, this profound clarity came to me, it
           | wasn't a case of a tyranny-like self-harming disclipinary
           | action about my deliberate self deception, it was more like a
           | great washing of positive emotion that framed exercise as
           | "this is healthy for you, and it's only a few minutes a day
           | and you can totally do it"
           | 
           | The textual description I gave does disservice to the actual
           | feeling because my vocabulary is too poor to express it - but
           | this wash-over of carity and positive emotion shifted my
           | perspective and turned my relationship with exercise from
           | this adversarial enemy to something more like our need for
           | air or food - it's a healthy part of being an organic
           | lifeform, and just like (good) food, it is pleasurable act of
           | regeneration.
           | 
           | I think part of what holds people back is that meditation is
           | like any other skill and practice is required, in this
           | dopamine-hacked instant gratification society if there isn't
           | instant results or even quick results people give up (I
           | certainly did) -- I didn't start seeing the benefits of
           | meditation until well after a month of practicing an hour
           | every day, and up until then, it felt like a waste of time,
           | which caused me to abort a few times before I forced the self
           | discipline to stick with it.
        
             | WXLCKNO wrote:
             | An hour day seems like a high threshold (I'm not saying it
             | is, just my perception).
             | 
             | Are there diminishing returns pas 15 minutes or 30 minutes
             | etc?
        
               | digging wrote:
               | I don't meditate, but I do introspect a lot. I often do
               | so on walks. And I find I _must_ give myself at least
               | 10-15 minutes to even get into that mode, to stop
               | worrying about what 's actually happening or about to
               | happen or did happen and to be able to let my mind wander
               | and explore things deeply. So I force myself to continue
               | until I reach the point where I'm no longer trying to
               | convince myself to give it up and go home because there's
               | something else I want to do so badly.
               | 
               | After that point, it's up to my subconscious. I'll stop
               | when I feel like it, when I feel satisfied. That could be
               | anywhere from 10 more minutes to another hour. But the
               | longest part is always the beginning. The second part
               | never feels like time is passing - it's exactly what I
               | want to be doing.
               | 
               | Of course, if I only have 15 minutes, there's no
               | guarantee I'm going to reach a place of satisfaction. I
               | would aim to set aside 30-45 minutes whenever possible. I
               | often see "do X for 1 hour a day" and that's just not
               | realistic for everyone. You can definitely get good
               | results with less time investment. But in general, yes
               | you'll get out of it what you put in. I don't walk every
               | single day and I noticeably suffer for it.
        
               | malux85 wrote:
               | It takes me 15-20 minutes just to switch my mind from
               | "alert problem solving" mode to meditative state in sync
               | with body - and get my breathing right.
               | 
               | I guess everyone is different, for me the practice was
               | looking for guidance and then finding what works for me -
               | one of the first things I had to let go was rigid time
               | schedules, "THIS IS MY 15 MINUTE WINDOW FOR MEDIATETION
               | LET ME SET AN ALARM SO I CAN GET BACK TO WORK" is not a
               | very constructive attitute to regeneration and healing.
               | 
               | I suspect me saying above "Get results after more than a
               | month" instead of hearing "I need to stick to this for a
               | while" people hear "I will definitly get results in 1
               | month, here let me mark it on my calander [GET RESULTS
               | HERE]" where it doesn't work like that. Maybe you need
               | more healing than I did, maybe you need less. Maybe
               | breathing is important because of how it intertwines with
               | your exercise schedule (or lack thereof), or maybe you
               | need silence or darkness. Maybe you need music. Maybe you
               | need white noise.
               | 
               | The only common thread is that meditation is a personal
               | journey, so listen to your body, try to avoid any
               | preconcieved notions and expectations of results,
               | timeframes and experiement with a few different things
               | until you find what works for you...
        
           | cracoucax wrote:
           | Psychotherapy works on the "self": your problems, your
           | history.
           | 
           | One of the aims of mediation is to gradually understand that
           | this self is really an illusion, hence there are in fact no
           | problems and no history. Past does not really define who you
           | are, and problems are only problems if you think reality
           | should be different that what it currently is the moment you
           | experience it (which is of course totally impossible. What
           | you can do is alter the future though.)
           | 
           | Now don't get me wrong this self is in fact a very useful
           | interface for interacting with others, etc. The problem is
           | believing this interface, or layer we add on top on
           | experiences really is us, while it's really just a useful
           | concept to navigate the world.
           | 
           | We are all mostly a bunch of habits: this stimuli gives this
           | response because we trained our mind to function this way,
           | were raised that way, live within country X, etc. It's all
           | just mind formatting. Meditation aims to discover this for
           | yourself, which should leads you to train in developing new,
           | more wholesome habits, which will make you and others suffer
           | less. Then since you are mostly habits, you gradually change,
           | and become much saner as times goes by. Saner because you're
           | living more in adequation with reality.
           | 
           | So in a way, psychotherapy can be seen as a dead end for
           | someone who practices meditation. Although it certainly has
           | its uses, even for very advanced meditators who can also
           | develop blind spots without seeing them (more work needed,
           | but psychotherapy can be a useful mirror there).
        
             | gwd wrote:
             | Similarities and differences in perspective:
             | 
             | "...you were taught in [Jesus]... to put off your old self,
             | which belongs to your former manner of life and is corrupt
             | through deceitful desires, and to be renewed in the spirit
             | of your minds, and to put on the new self, created after
             | the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness." --
             | Ephesians 4:20-24
             | 
             | "[O]ur mind is trained to function this way in response to
             | some stimuli" vs "our old self is corrupted through
             | deceitful desires". The former sounds non-judgemental, but
             | by saying that this realization should "lead you to develop
             | new, more wholesome habits, in adequation with reality,
             | which make you and others suffer less", it's implying that
             | the previous habits were unwholesome (cf "corrupt"), not in
             | adequation with reality (cf "deceitful") and made you and
             | others suffer more.
             | 
             | I think insofar as psychotherapy is reluctant to discard
             | bits of the "[old] self", the two perspectives would agree
             | that it's a dead end.
             | 
             | I do have to say, personally I like the sound of having a
             | "new self, created after the likeness of God" better than
             | "realizing I'm just a bundle of habits, then replacing some
             | habits with better ones." :-)
        
               | digging wrote:
               | > I do have to say, personally I like the sound of having
               | a "new self, created after the likeness of God" better
               | than "realizing I'm just a bundle of habits, then
               | replacing some habits with better ones." :-)
               | 
               | To me, the "new self vs old self" framing is just more
               | abstract. You should do what works for you, but I think
               | breaking down one's identity into a set of habits or
               | responses is simply a higher resolution of the same.
        
             | BarryMilo wrote:
             | To be clear, there are many types of meditation, each with
             | its own goal (or none at all). Some of them are "merely"
             | relaxation exercises, but that is also something that is
             | very much needed in today's world.
        
             | Jimpulse wrote:
             | Meditation and therapy aren't mutually exclusive. In fact,
             | for people who have traumas, I would say both are
             | necessary. Very few meditation teachers are trained in
             | handling a psychological crisis and mental break downs
             | happen often in retreats and self-led practice.
        
               | haswell wrote:
               | This very much aligns with my experience.
               | 
               | Meditation helps me be with what is and remember that I'm
               | ok.
               | 
               | Therapy helps me permanently untangle the thoughts and
               | feelings that lead to distress in the first place.
               | 
               | They both complement each other and provide benefits that
               | can't be found in either alone. Meditation seems
               | universally useful. Therapy somewhat less so, but still a
               | powerful tool. If you're not dealing with trauma, a good
               | friend/mentor can provide the same feedback.
        
           | curo wrote:
           | Ramana Maharshi says anything transient is false
           | 
           | CBT and other psychotherapies challenge X or Y as false
        
             | jules22 wrote:
             | There is no reason why he should be taken as an authority.
             | "anything transient is false" is wrong at so many levels.
        
               | chrispine wrote:
               | Not disagreeing, but it's also correct on some levels.
        
               | cracoucax wrote:
               | I believe since Maharshi was a practitioner of hinduism
               | for him "the self" (what they call Atman) was to be seen
               | in all things, and the same everywhere.
               | 
               | So anything transient cannot be the self, hence is an
               | illusion, or false.
               | 
               | But yes i also believe it's quite wrong ^^
        
               | kagakuninja wrote:
               | He practiced Advaita vedanta. When exploring the non-
               | duality of self vs world, there are fundamentally 2
               | approaches. Advaita Vedanta denies the existence of the
               | world, only the (true) self is real. Buddhism denies the
               | existence of the self.
        
               | jules22 wrote:
               | I thought Advaita denies only the duality between the
               | soul and the world soul, while denial of the world is
               | more of solipcism.
               | 
               | Buddhism can deny self, but Buddha can also say, his self
               | alone exists.
               | 
               | In any case, these are just beliefs. We know the world
               | exists and there are no souls around. So much for
               | "enlightenment".
        
               | vram22 wrote:
               | "solipcism"
               | 
               | solipsism
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solipsism
        
               | vram22 wrote:
               | "He practiced Advaita vedanta."
               | 
               | A bit pedantic, and I could be wrong, but based on what
               | I've read, my understanding is that Advaita (non-dualism)
               | is not something you can practice, although there are
               | practices in that school that can advance you on the
               | path, like shravana, manana, nidhidyaasana.
               | 
               | It's more of a reasoning-, knowledge- and understanding-
               | based system than anything else.
               | 
               | Jnana Yoga is the path.
               | 
               | Check out Swami Sarvapriyananda's talks on YouTube about
               | Advaita.
        
           | anolog0 wrote:
           | I think of course that there's room for all sorts of
           | practices, and what everybody needs in order to improve their
           | life is different depending on their specific problems and
           | personality.
           | 
           | For me, I tried meditation at one point for at least 30
           | minutes a day for two months, and I can honestly say that it
           | didn't seem to do anything for me. Focusing on my breath did
           | not give me self-insights, it did not relax my anxiety, and
           | it did not help me solve my problems.
           | 
           | Talk therapy has been useful although it still never solved
           | my problems.
           | 
           | I'm hesitant to say any one thing is responsible for causing
           | change in me, but one thing that has unquestionably helped is
           | a type of self-therapy called Focusing. It's similar to
           | meditation, but instead of focusing on your breath, it's an
           | ordered process of focusing on your feelings. It has been the
           | source of actual insights into why I feel and behave in
           | certain ways. I think it's a lot closer to what people are
           | looking for from meditation--meditation might give you
           | insights into how your brain works, but it's not designed to
           | give you insights into your real and troubling thoughts and
           | emotions.
           | 
           | Here's the website if you want to look into it
           | https://focusing.org/sixsteps
        
         | rwhyan wrote:
         | Indeed.
         | 
         | Ultimately, unrelenting inquiry came to: "I am."
        
         | oldstrangers wrote:
         | I've always sort of intuitively done this since I was a kid
         | (https://zchry.org/words/questioning-my-quantum-leap-an-
         | ongoi...). I have zero experience with meditation in the
         | traditional sense but I'm really interested in going down that
         | path next as I try to broaden my scope.
        
           | johndhi wrote:
           | I used to play a game as a kid where I'd close my eyes and
           | try not to see or imagine anything. To keep a black empty
           | universe as the only thing I see, for as long as possible. It
           | isn't easy!
        
             | oldstrangers wrote:
             | I have a similar thought experiment where I try to imagine
             | the true essence of 'nothingness', down to even the removal
             | of the 'idea' of nothingness and even the thought that I'm
             | trying to imagine something. It's a weird feeling.
        
               | johndhi wrote:
               | I do that too!
        
             | mirekrusin wrote:
             | I did something similar but always tried to imagine things
             | - shapes like cube, rotate it, move it around, slice it
             | etc. - not easy.
             | 
             | I always found it odd you'd want to deprive yourself from
             | excercising mind this way by medidating = practicing not
             | thinking.
             | 
             | I believe it helped me a lot when programming and thinking
             | about problems in general.
        
               | codr7 wrote:
               | If that's what 10% of your brain is capable of, imagine
               | what kinds of miracles are possible once you tap into the
               | rest of it.
        
             | iamatworknow wrote:
             | I did the same as a kid. Like if I was in a classroom with
             | noisy classmates ("study hall") I'd shut my eyes and
             | actively try to not hear them and embrace the nothingness
             | "around" the voices. Kinda interesting that I have distinct
             | memories of doing this _years_ before I was ever exposed to
             | "meditation".
        
               | johndhi wrote:
               | IMO a lot of stuff humans have 'invented' (like
               | meditation) are really just sort of tied to our nature as
               | animals. I think meditation is something we're all
               | (most?) inclined to try in some way, but then some
               | specific geeks studied it really hard for thousands of
               | years and turned it into what it is.
        
               | iamatworknow wrote:
               | Yeah, that totally makes sense to me.
        
           | dlivingston wrote:
           | A bit tangential, but I absolutely love your blog design.
           | Minimalistic, yet very aesthetic and unique.
        
             | oldstrangers wrote:
             | Thank you!
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | Turns out a lot of humans bond over mutually shared grasping,
         | so it can make you 'not fun at parties' when they're
         | harrumphing about things that Do. Not. Matter. and are put off
         | by you not dog-piling.
         | 
         | Most people wonder how the Dalai Lama can be so serene. I
         | wonder how he can be so approachable.
        
           | asdfman123 wrote:
           | It sounds like you may be dealing with growing pains: moving
           | on from old relationships and social scenes you've matured
           | past.
        
         | krzat wrote:
         | Can you give some examples of your false beliefs?
        
         | borg16 wrote:
         | can you provide some resources to understand this "advanced"
         | meditation? my attempts with calm/headspace etc always stop at
         | the same theme of 'concentrate on breathing, distractions are
         | fine'.
         | 
         | I wanted to understand what is out there, especially outside of
         | these apps and folks who pursue meditation seriously.
        
           | calmoo wrote:
           | Sam Harris' 'Waking up' app is good. Starts from fundamentals
           | and teaches you about the practice.
        
           | haswell wrote:
           | I've tried Calm and Headspace, and they never really worked
           | for me.
           | 
           | The "Waking Up" app has been a complete game changer. The
           | core introductory course helped me _get it_ for the first
           | time, and the library of content and meditation approaches
           | from various teachers in the app gives you a rabbit hole to
           | explore as deeply as you want.
           | 
           | It's been truly transformative, starting with the gradual
           | realization that my thoughts are not me. If they were, who is
           | aware of them? This isn't just an idea, it's something that I
           | began to feel/understand directly, which then led to a lot
           | less entanglement and rumination. This was just the
           | beginning.
           | 
           | I definitely credit the approach in this app with making this
           | make sense. Not affiliated, just a happy user.
        
             | chrispine wrote:
             | Strong +1 for the Waking Up app. (I also ready the Waking
             | Up book, and found it to be quite hit-or-miss for me. But
             | the app is just wonderful.)
        
           | kagakuninja wrote:
           | I would suggest reading the book The Mind Illuminated.
        
           | patrickscoleman wrote:
           | http://leighb.com/jhanas.htm
        
           | nprateem wrote:
           | My favourite is Mindfulness, Bliss and Beyond by Ajahn Brahm.
        
         | vram22 wrote:
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramana_Maharshi
         | 
         | Related:
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Brunton
        
       | extraduder_ire wrote:
       | Reminds me of a blogpost by Scott Alexander that I can't find
       | right now about the last unenlightened person, as far as he can
       | see, in the world.
        
         | titanomachy wrote:
         | https://slatestarcodex.com/2019/11/04/samsara/
        
       | choxi wrote:
       | I've been meditating casually for almost 10 years, I couldn't sit
       | still for a minute when I started and can sit regularly for an
       | hour now.
       | 
       | I still have a lot of skepticism about the sensations that other
       | meditators describe feeling, like jhanas and profound states of
       | tranquility and whatnot. I have experienced deeper calmness and
       | have made some insights about my brain (eg thoughts are like a
       | sensor organ not unlike a constantly generating LLM), but I
       | haven't experienced anything like the sometimes superhuman claims
       | that come from people in this community. Naval Ravikant has
       | claimed he can experience psychedelic states just through
       | meditation, Nick Cammarata at OpenAI makes claims about achieving
       | perfect equanimity and being able to feel jhanas that are better
       | than sex but also doesn't feel desire for it because of
       | aforementioned equanimity. There are many others on social media
       | who make similar claims. From the outside, all of these people
       | seem like normal humans, maybe calmer and wiser than usual, but
       | who still seek material comfort and the validation of others just
       | like anyone else does.
       | 
       | I wonder, what do others make of these superhuman meditation
       | claims? How does one verify that their sensations during
       | meditation are real reflections of how the brain works and not
       | just increasingly subtle hallucinations? If you convinced
       | everyone that the brain has a secret mechanism to feel perfect
       | happiness, wouldn't a lot of people hallucinate that they've
       | experienced it even if it wasn't real?
        
         | nprateem wrote:
         | It seems like you're heading down a rabbit hole. All you can do
         | is have experiences (instead of just believing on faith). If
         | you do, it's up to you to make sense of them. Trying to decide
         | what is "real" sounds like an egoic distraction to divert you
         | from continuing to make progress. The usual advice I hear is
         | just to keep going.
        
         | krzat wrote:
         | What's the difference between pleasure and hallucination o
         | pleasure?
         | 
         | The thing with meditative pleasure is that it requires
         | equanimity to appear, being content with almost nothing, which
         | is perhaps why people do not become jhana junkies.
        
         | gbasin wrote:
         | Jhanas are achieved a particular way and should be readily
         | accessible once your concentration is strong enough (yours
         | likely is). You may have not experienced them if you haven't
         | accidentally pulled the right levers, so to speak. There are a
         | few guides online of what to do, I suspect you'd succeed
         | quickly
        
         | sonofhans wrote:
         | I'm not enlightened and I don't think you're doing anything
         | wrong :) But you're asking questions I've spent years thinking
         | on myself, and I'm interested to talk about it.
         | 
         | > If you convinced someone that the brain has a secret
         | mechanism to feel perfect happiness, wouldn't a lot of people
         | hallucinate that they've experienced it even if it wasn't real?
         | 
         | Your own experience is some proof against this -- even after 10
         | years, you're not claiming experiences you haven't had, and
         | aren't hallucinating or imagining deeper states you've not
         | reached. So even if some people are exaggerating, it's not
         | reasonable to think that everyone is.
         | 
         | And it would be _a lot_ of people. For thousands of years
         | across many religious traditions humans have talked about
         | reaching elevated states. Their experiences share common
         | features. They teach others common techniques.
         | 
         | > From the outside, both of these people seem like normal
         | humans, maybe calmer and wiser than usual, but who still seek
         | material comfort and the validation of others just like anyone
         | else does.
         | 
         | I think that's an inevitable part of our condition -- wanting
         | to be warm and fed and in the company of those who love us.
         | Even Buddha had disciples and friends. People like people.
         | Sure, some folks live in a monastery or cave or ashram and use
         | that social isolation as part of their practice and discipline.
         | It doesn't seem necessary for everyone.
         | 
         | > I haven't experienced anything like the sometimes superhuman
         | claims that come from people in this community.
         | 
         | Consider that meditation is only one part of the religious
         | practice of (e.g.) Buddhism. There are millennia of teachings
         | and traditions designed to prepare for meditation, to
         | physically and mentally endure it, and to understand and
         | process your experiences. Meditation without this set of
         | traditions is a bit of an orphaned practice, a little like
         | Catholics taking communion without going to church or praying
         | or listening to sermons.
         | 
         | Meditation is a powerful practice and it can hurt. People with
         | trauma, for instance, can have flashbacks or panic attacks
         | brought on by it. Trauma is often deeply suppressed in the
         | body, and meditation helps one connect better with the body, so
         | of course it comes out unbidden.
         | 
         | Buddhist tradition distinguishes between the monk and the
         | householder, between the person devoting their life to
         | practice, and the person devoting their life to their family
         | and job and community. It's like living in the Shaolin temple
         | and practicing kung fu 12 hours a day vs. going to the local
         | dojo three hours a week. No harm in either one, and no
         | judgement, but no surprise that people reach different places
         | by being on different paths.
        
         | mbivert wrote:
         | > How does one verify that their sensations during meditation
         | are real reflections of how the brain works and not just subtle
         | hallucinations?
         | 
         | I guess the scientific method[0] should be the de-facto
         | approach.
         | 
         | But one shouldn't necessarily expect to reach certainty:
         | science is intrinsically humble, as it merely limits itself to
         | the creation of models of reality, and to their refinement, by
         | way of minimizing the error between theory & experimentation.
         | 
         | [0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_method
        
         | speak_plainly wrote:
         | I learned how to meditate at a Soto Zen monastery, so just
         | facing the wall. And I experienced the typical sort of makyo
         | (hallucinations) you might expect such as faces, a sort of
         | tunnel effect, colours, etc.
         | 
         | I recently switched to a Chan method of facing outward and the
         | hallucinations I experienced were extreme. At first, time felt
         | as if it had completely stopped and what felt like days were
         | going by as I sat there, the floor itself became liquid and
         | water droplets were hitting it and I had a number of other
         | pretty intense optical illusions. I was sitting perfectly still
         | and my gaze was also almost still. I meditated for an hour and
         | once it was over it suddenly felt like the entire experience
         | didn't even happen and only a few minutes went by. But I felt
         | amazing after I was finished.
         | 
         | Makyo is a common experience, but it was one monks had said to
         | not be concerned with as it's just a hallucination. My
         | experience going through that was ultimately unpleasant and not
         | like the states you mentioned but it was immaterial to
         | meditation itself.
         | 
         | I think that part of the purpose of meditation is to recognize
         | a few things, such as your thoughts about the past and thoughts
         | about the future are just like imagination (and a source of
         | strife for people who are caught up in that imaginary world)
         | and your thoughts are things you've consumed, much like your
         | body was once food. So when one meditates you watch these
         | thoughts arise and go by, you feel all sorts of sensations in
         | the body come and go. I don't think the purpose, at least as I
         | understand it, is to experience pleasure or find happiness. I
         | guess if that happens it happens but it doesn't mean anything
         | and is not something you should identify with.
         | 
         | I'm no monk so I'm not qualified to teach anything but I think
         | ultimately part of the goal of meditation is to recognize some
         | basic truths about who you are and about the nature of your
         | existence through a careful and very simple method (just
         | sitting), and that's all there is to it.
        
         | johndhi wrote:
         | (Been meditating for about 15 years).
         | 
         | I don't think the things you're describing are particularly
         | 'superhuman.' I definitely can achieve (if that's the right
         | word -- it's almost certainly not -- how about 'experience')
         | psychedelic states. Everything is kind of a psychedelic state
         | if you look at it the right way. What is your personal
         | experience with psychedelics? I wonder if you maybe haven't
         | done them much you might not know how to spot it.
         | 
         | To me, clearly, the big question of superhuman meditation
         | claims is the claim of some people to be enlightened. I
         | personally think there is something to it, though I don't
         | really know exactly what it is and I'd like to learn more about
         | it.
         | 
         | BTW, my experience with meditation comes mostly from
         | (controversial Wild Wild Country guru) Osho. Sounds like you're
         | familiar with Buddhist traditions. There are a lot of ways to
         | meditate.
        
         | sctb wrote:
         | I went through a period of several years where I was meditating
         | 2-3 hours a day, and during that time I had all kinds of
         | experiences... which isn't so surprising since that's a pretty
         | abnormal thing to do.
         | 
         | > I wonder, what do others make of these superhuman meditation
         | claims?
         | 
         | Not much. I have no reason to be skeptical of their accounts,
         | but they strike me as too personal to be relevant to others.
         | Maybe it's similar to when people report the contents of their
         | dreams, or describe something like synaesthesia. I notice that
         | many mature practitioners do not make any such claims at all.
         | 
         | > How does one verify that their sensations during meditation
         | are real reflections of how the brain works and not just
         | increasingly subtle hallucinations?
         | 
         | What's the difference between "real reflections of how the
         | brain works" and hallucinations? I'm not sure that it's
         | actually necessary to reflect upon one's experience during
         | meditation.
        
         | jules22 wrote:
         | Supernatural claims made by meditators that are obviously not
         | true are what keep me from experimenting with meditation. I
         | don't want to mess up my brain. I value it.
         | 
         | All the senior meditators I know have some element of
         | irrationality. The openness that meditation seems to promote
         | seems to also promote a certain level of gullibility that I did
         | not expect from them.
         | 
         | Obviously, an out of body experience is not really true and is
         | just a hallucination. People have looked at these.
        
           | kagakuninja wrote:
           | The human brain is far less rational than we tend to believe.
           | Recent research indicates that we hallucinate our world: we
           | guess what we are likely to see, based on prior experience.
           | If wrong, our brain adjusts and reevaluates the sensory data.
           | In some cases, we even ignore unusual experiences that do not
           | fit into our internal model.
           | 
           | Senior meditators spend vast amounts of time examining their
           | personal reality, and learn that it isn't as neat and clean
           | as we thought. That said, some do believe in outlandish
           | things.
           | 
           | Jhana and nirodha sammapati are not irrational, they have
           | been studied by scientists during the last several years.
           | What is irrational are the belief systems built on top of
           | those experiences by some buddhist traditions.
           | 
           | Out of body experiences can be had by any person who spends
           | enough time meditating. The teachers I work with understand
           | that it is not a supernatural experience.
        
           | coyotespike wrote:
           | I can recommend Shinzen Young as a senior meditation teacher
           | with a high degree of rigor. He self-consciously will use
           | mystical language, but is also upfront about the fact that he
           | remains agnostic. The Science of Enlightenment is the best
           | place to start with his work.
        
           | haswell wrote:
           | > _Supernatural claims made by meditators that are obviously
           | not true are what keep me from experimenting with meditation.
           | I don 't want to mess up my brain. I value it._
           | 
           | A religious friend went on a road trip and hiked deep into
           | the Rocky Mountains. They experienced the awe and wonder of
           | the landscape, and to them, this was God revealing himself to
           | them.
           | 
           | Supernatural claims by meditators are interpretations of the
           | experience, much like God-in-the-mountains is an
           | interpretation of experience.
           | 
           | I held the view you're describing for many years until I
           | spontaneously experienced what some meditators describe while
           | I was practicing photography out in nature.
           | 
           | Learning to be a better photographer by immersing myself in
           | the environment I was in had inadvertently led me to states
           | of presence that meditators train to achieve. This is what
           | ultimately made me explore meditation further.
           | 
           | I'd be cautious about linking that openness with what you're
           | framing as gullability. In my own exploration, I've applied
           | rigorous rational examination as I go, and while I
           | _understand_ why people who are predisposed to religiosity
           | reach supernatural conclusions, that is more about each
           | individual's existing beliefs and the resulting framing of
           | the experience.
        
             | jules22 wrote:
             | Your account of an awe experience is quite common. Francis
             | Collins had a similar experience. I am not unaware of these
             | accounts.
             | 
             | I agree with much of what you said. But I also think it
             | makes people a tad more open to irrationality after such
             | experiences, even the knowledgeable ones.
             | 
             | > that is more about each individual's existing beliefs and
             | the resulting framing of the experience
             | 
             | Not disagreeing.
        
               | haswell wrote:
               | My point about awe and wonder is that I don't avoid the
               | Rocky Mountains because they reinforce my friend's
               | beliefs about God. I should mention that it was a similar
               | experience that he says convinced him of the existence of
               | a god to begin with.
               | 
               | Do you have some specific examples of irrationality? I'm
               | curious to know what you're encountering, and I haven't
               | yet found this among the non-religious meditators that I
               | know.
        
               | uoaei wrote:
               | This revulsion only makes sense if you firmly believe
               | that rationalism is the highest good, and that the only
               | right way to engage with the world is through
               | rationality, ie, dividing the world into "false" and
               | "true" ideas.
               | 
               | There are good reasons that so many people realize for
               | themselves that non-dual perspectives hold more value
               | than dualistic ones.
        
           | munificent wrote:
           | Irrationality and gullibility are underrated.
        
             | uoaei wrote:
             | I've heard such explorations referred to as 'reality
             | safari' which I love. Immersing yourself in an entirely
             | different philosophy to really feel it from the inside, to
             | understand it completely and intuitively.
             | 
             | The fear many have about attempting such things mirrors the
             | fear of e.g. psychedelic experiences -- the fear of "never
             | coming back". Ironically, only living through this fear is
             | what causes the bad trip in the first place. Egos, man,
             | egos suck.
        
           | nprateem wrote:
           | I see, so you can confidently discount someone else's
           | experience as obviously not true, especially without any real
           | attainment yourself? That just doesn't work on so many
           | levels.
        
             | maleldil wrote:
             | If you're a materialist, which sounds likely to be true
             | given the available evidence, any claims to the
             | supernatural are disqualified by, for example, the Sagan
             | standard.
        
               | nprateem wrote:
               | You're supposed to find the evidence for yourself. But if
               | you never start, you never will. A closed mind is certain
               | to lead to failure in meditation if it means you never
               | try without expectation.
        
               | jules22 wrote:
               | > You're supposed to find the evidence for yourself
               | 
               | This is the argument of quacks and charlatans (including
               | the meditation charlatans aka "gurus").
               | 
               | A quack will always argue to ignore criticisms of his
               | snake oil and just try it for yourself and find out.
               | 
               | Evidence is not personal, it's universal.
               | 
               | Denying universal facts and saying this is true for me is
               | a position of a closed mind. You are being invited to
               | prove facts, not just assert personal truths. It can't be
               | more open minded than that.
        
           | adolph wrote:
           | A "didactic little story" about perception and the
           | supernatural: [0]
           | 
           |  _There are these two guys sitting together in a bar in the
           | remote Alaskan wilderness. One of the guys is religious, the
           | other is an atheist, and the two are arguing about the
           | existence of God with that special intensity that comes after
           | about the fourth beer. And the atheist says: "Look, it's not
           | like I don't have actual reasons for not believing in God.
           | It's not like I haven't ever experimented with the whole God
           | and prayer thing. Just last month I got caught away from the
           | camp in that terrible blizzard, and I was totally lost and I
           | couldn't see a thing, and it was fifty below, and so I tried
           | it: I fell to my knees in the snow and cried out 'Oh, God, if
           | there is a God, I'm lost in this blizzard, and I'm gonna die
           | if you don't help me.'" And now, in the bar, the religious
           | guy looks at the atheist all puzzled. "Well then you must
           | believe now," he says, "After all, here you are, alive." The
           | atheist just rolls his eyes. "No, man, all that was was a
           | couple Eskimos happened to come wandering by and showed me
           | the way back to camp."_
           | 
           | 0.
           | https://web.ics.purdue.edu/~drkelly/DFWKenyonAddress2005.pdf
        
             | gwern wrote:
             | Bacon did it better centuries before with his idols: "And
             | where are the testimonies from the sailors who prayed to
             | the gods but did not return safely?"
        
               | adolph wrote:
               | Is your reference to New Atlantis? In reading the below
               | article [0] I'm not certain if Wallace was going for a
               | similar point as Bacon. But maybe you have a different
               | interpretation.
               | 
               | Wallace develops his point after the story ". . . we also
               | never end up talking about just where these individual
               | templates and beliefs come from. Meaning, where they come
               | from INSIDE the two guys. As if a person's most basic
               | orientation toward the world, and the meaning of his
               | experience were somehow just hard-wired, like height or
               | shoe-size; or automatically absorbed from the culture,
               | like language. As if how we construct meaning were not
               | actually a matter of personal, intentional choice."
               | 
               | 0. https://www.thenewatlantis.com/publications/francis-
               | bacons-g...
        
           | sambapa wrote:
           | Real life is a hallucination
        
             | jules22 wrote:
             | Life being a hallucination is in fact one of the
             | hallucinations that can be caused by meditation.
             | 
             | These are called derealization hallucinations and are
             | reported in meditators.
        
               | kallistisoft wrote:
               | Your're being to literal without being literal enough!
               | 
               | The "reality" that we experience is a predictive _model_
               | of what we believe is about to happen. This is required
               | because it takes a quite some time[1] for stimulus to be
               | received and processed by our bodies! If we didn 't have
               | this predictive mechanism the universe would seem very
               | strange indeed.
               | 
               | But but _because_ we hallucinate our reality we get the
               | illusion that what we experience is instantaneous in
               | respect to the cause!
               | 
               | [1] depending on the circuit it can take >100 msec for a
               | nerve signal to reach the brain, and that's not
               | accounting for the subsequent processing
        
           | darthrupert wrote:
           | One probably needs a bit of religiousity to be able to
           | meditate as much as senior meditators do.
        
             | johndhi wrote:
             | Yeah, that makes sense to me (as a somewhat religious
             | meditator).
             | 
             | I disagree that a focus on something other than logic is
             | problematic, though. I'd actually argue that all-logic-all-
             | the-time is a sickness.
        
             | nprateem wrote:
             | I think you just need to find something in it that makes it
             | worthwhile. Being a productive member of society is a
             | choice, but not the only way someone could choose to spend
             | their time. I think in Mastering the Core Teachings of the
             | Buddha the author says once someone makes real progress
             | (reaching what he calls arising and passing away) people
             | often feel drawn to meditate full time and may join a
             | monastery. I probably would if I had sufficiently
             | transformative insights that made society's goals seem
             | pointless. I mean, you don't still play the same games or
             | have the same goals as when you were 5. This is a process
             | of realisation and maturity.
        
             | kagakuninja wrote:
             | No, many of the meditation practices, such as Jhana and
             | nirodha sammapati do not require any religious beliefs at
             | all. Of course, the skeptic is unlikely to spend the vast
             | amount of time needed to master such skills.
        
             | haswell wrote:
             | I think this is a misconception. I do think there's a
             | greater likelihood that someone with religious tendencies
             | will pursue a path like this, but the religiosity is not
             | the key.
             | 
             | Sam Harris is the polar opposite of religious, but is
             | arguably one of the leading meditators/teachers in western
             | culture right now. I'm as allergic to religion as someone
             | can probably be, but I've gotten serious about meditation
             | and have made it a central habit in my life, because I've
             | found that it works.
             | 
             | The ultimate goal is to bring the "here-ness" of the
             | present moment first experienced in meditation into
             | ordinary waking moments as much as possible. Sitting is
             | just a focused form of training that helps condition the
             | mind and improve focus. When I discovered how impactful
             | sitting was for me, it formed the motivation for deepening
             | the practice. No religiosity here.
             | 
             | The non-religious/non-sectarian meditators are a rapidly
             | growing group, and this is encouraging because the
             | religious part was never necessary, and the perception that
             | it is kept people like me from exploring this sooner.
        
               | waterheater wrote:
               | It seems you have a fairly narrow view of what
               | constitutes a religion. Christian fundamentalism is
               | particularly dogmatic and is one negative manifestation
               | of religion which happens to be present in the West.
               | 
               | From the book "God is Not One" by Stephen Prothero:
               | 
               | "Philosopher of religion Ninian Smart has referred to
               | these [shared religious] tendencies as the seven
               | "dimensions" of religion: the ritual, narrative,
               | experiential, institutional, ethical, doctrinal, and
               | material dimensions.
               | 
               | These family resemblances are just tendencies, however.
               | Just as there are tall people in short families (none of
               | the men in Michael Jordan's family was over six feet
               | tall), there are religions that deny the existence of God
               | and religions that get along just fine without creeds.
               | Something is a religion when it shares enough of this DNA
               | to belong to the family of religions. What makes the
               | members of this family different (and themselves) is how
               | they mix and match these dimensions. Experience is
               | central in Daoism and Buddhism. Hinduism and Judaism
               | emphasize the narrative dimension. The ethical dimension
               | is crucial in Confucianism. The Islamic and Yoruba
               | traditions are to a great extent about ritual. And
               | doctrine is particularly important to Christians.
               | 
               | The world's religious rivals are clearly related, but
               | they are more like second cousins than identical twins.
               | They do not teach the same doctrines. They do not perform
               | the same rituals. And they do not share the same goals."
        
               | haswell wrote:
               | > _It seems you have a fairly narrow view of what
               | constitutes a religion. Christian fundamentalism is
               | particularly dogmatic and is one negative manifestation
               | of religion which happens to be present in the West._
               | 
               | The Christian dogmatic variety and its offshoots also
               | happens to be quite popular. I understand the broader
               | religious context after investing significant time and
               | effort into trying to understand the phenomena of
               | religion more generally. "The Evolution of God" is
               | another interesting text in this category.
               | 
               | The narrow view I'm representing here is the view that I
               | spent most of my life holding, and the view that most
               | people I know still hold. It's also the view that kept me
               | from exploring Buddhism and meditation for many years.
               | Religion had been a very destructive force in my life,
               | and I'm not alone in this experience.
               | 
               | My point in this thread is that associating meditation
               | with religion is unnecessary, and can be a problem for
               | people who hold this narrow view. My attempts to expand
               | my own understanding seems pretty rare in my social
               | circles, and when I added a meditation practice as
               | something very central to my life, it was clear that
               | people around me hold all sorts of assumptions and
               | misconceptions about it (as I did), and those
               | associations don't need to exist.
               | 
               | "Real Christianity" - following the things that Jesus
               | actually taught - is actually a pretty decent way to go
               | about life. But this isn't what most people experience,
               | and it colors their views of the whole endeavor
               | accordingly.
        
               | johndhi wrote:
               | I suspect you just have a different definition of
               | 'religious' than I do. Why are you so anti-religion?
        
               | haswell wrote:
               | That's possible! But that's also why I'm calling
               | attention to it here. Religiosity is a negative signal
               | for many folks, and I think it's important to debunk the
               | need for religious thinking to gain the benefits of
               | meditation.
               | 
               | My stance comes from growing up in an extreme
               | fundamentalist religious bubble. It set me up for a
               | lifetime of unwinding unhealthy beliefs and patterns of
               | thought, not the least of which was deep confusion about
               | my self worth when hearing leaders of the church openly
               | discuss stoning gay people as the truly appropriate
               | consequence biblically. That kinda fucks with your head
               | when you're coming to terms with your own sexuality (I'm
               | bisexual). I've seen first hand what these systems of
               | belief do to families and communities, and while I'm not
               | one to claim that all religion is awful, I do think it's
               | a bigger problem than help in the current social climate.
               | 
               | The ideas of most religions also set up a fundamental
               | misconception about our relationship with the
               | world/environment (that we're separate from it) that is
               | an existential threat to reaching some kind of
               | environmental balance.
               | 
               | I'm curious what religious means to you.
        
               | nuancebydefault wrote:
               | Thanks for sharing this. It reminds me about a
               | documentary I saw about Sinead o'Connor's life.
        
               | johndhi wrote:
               | Makes sense. Thanks for sharing!
               | 
               | I personally think human beings need some kind of central
               | spiritual belief or identity to feel
               | satisfied/happy/whole. I'm not sure, but in your case, it
               | almost sounds like you might be getting that identity
               | from REJECTING the shitty religious bubble you grew up
               | in. Sounds like you feel like you're on a good track and
               | moving somewhere with your life -- even if it's away from
               | religion. So I guess in my book, you're religious.
               | 
               | >>I've seen first hand what these systems of belief do to
               | families and communities, and while I'm not one to claim
               | that all religion is awful, I do think it's a bigger
               | problem than help in the current social climate.
               | 
               | For me, this is really case-by-case, but my suspicion is
               | that most religion is generally better for people than no
               | religion -- so I suspect I disagree with you, but on
               | limited data.
               | 
               | >>The ideas of most religions also set up a fundamental
               | misconception about our relationship with the
               | world/environment (that we're separate from it) that is
               | an existential threat to reaching some kind of
               | environmental balance.
               | 
               | Hadn't heard this one before - huh. I think there are a
               | lot of reasons we burn coal but IMO the fact that we're
               | religious isn't one of the main ones. To me, religion is
               | a great path toward loving others and the world such that
               | we'd want to conserve them and it.
        
               | haswell wrote:
               | Thanks for the perspective here as well. I do agree that
               | people behave "religiously" more broadly, but I tend to
               | think of this more as an overarching phenomena of
               | meaning-making, with capital r "Religion" making up one
               | major category of thought, and non-religious paths are
               | distinct in that they don't bring the baggage of beliefs
               | in deities/spirits/etc.
               | 
               | So while I understand the philosophical framing of
               | religion in broader terms, In the context of meditation,
               | I tend to avoid the religious connotation entirely
               | because it's overloaded and a lot of people immediately
               | conflate the two.
               | 
               | To draw a crude comparison, people go to the gym
               | religiously. But people aren't likely to misinterpret
               | that comment as meaning going to the gym is "Religious"
               | in the sense that people understand religion in the
               | cultural zeitgeist.
               | 
               | > _Hadn 't heard this one before - huh. I think there are
               | a lot of reasons we burn coal but IMO the fact that we're
               | religious isn't one of the main ones. To me, religion is
               | a great path toward loving others and the world such that
               | we'd want to conserve them and it._
               | 
               | Alan Watts explores this idea and I think it's worth
               | considering. Most people in the west - especially anyone
               | raised around Judeo-Christian beliefs - are taught that
               | they are born _into_ this world, that they're separate
               | from it, that they're here to have dominion over it, and
               | that the real game is what comes after we die.
               | 
               | Even though I left the Christian belief system behind, I
               | had deep unexamined beliefs that everything would be
               | fine, because how could it not be? If all of this was
               | created, and I was made, it implies that something bigger
               | is in control. This is at the heart of climate denialism
               | in all of the circles I grew up in.
               | 
               | The eastern framing is that we _grow out of_ this world.
               | We're intrinsically part of it, an expression of it, and
               | not separate. This brings a much different set of
               | implications, and at least for me personally and based on
               | what others have shared about their own experience,
               | cultivating this view drastically altered my engagement
               | with environmental issues, how I think about food,
               | decisions I make about how I spend my time, etc.
               | 
               | The point isn't that we burn coal because of religion,
               | but that many popular religions instill a mindset that
               | makes burning coal not a problem.
               | 
               | > _To me, religion is a great path toward loving others
               | and the world such that we 'd want to conserve them and
               | it._
               | 
               | I love that this is your view, and I wish that more
               | people held it. Unfortunately I've been exposed to the
               | toxic alternative almost exclusively, spread across about
               | a dozen churches throughout my youth.
               | 
               | Moving beyond the message of love for a moment, I think
               | religious organizations need to carefully examine the
               | 2nd/3rd order effects of certain core beliefs.
               | 
               | "Don't look up" seems like an example of the ultimate
               | failure mode of instilling a sense of "God will take care
               | of things" into the generation that has to contend with
               | the fact that this is not true.
               | 
               | I should add that I say all of this while somewhat
               | lamenting what has been lost in the breakdown of the
               | church. A sense of community and belonging connected to a
               | notion of something greater than oneself is sorely
               | missing in modern society. I hope that better options
               | emerge, or that major religious organizations can
               | rehabilitate their image and mission effectively.
        
         | swayvil wrote:
         | Meditating for 30 years.
         | 
         | "Psychedelic experiences", superhuman, supernatural, crazy
         | magic out-of-matrix stuff. Ya. It's real.
        
         | mjthrowaway1 wrote:
         | Question: have you sat for a retreat? The reason I'm asking is
         | I'm curious if it's a "dosage" issue.
         | 
         | I sat for a 10 day goenka retreat and was shocked at how
         | psychedelic the experience was for how little warning I was
         | given.
        
           | kagakuninja wrote:
           | Many schools, including Goenka downplay or ignore the risks
           | from meditation.
           | 
           | Goenka is infamous in the serious meditation community, as
           | they do not use qualified teachers in their retreats. The
           | teaching is in the videos, the guides may not be able to help
           | you if you start to freak out.
        
           | russelldjimmy wrote:
           | I've been for a 10 day Goenka retreat and did not experience
           | anything psychedelic. However I did experience much calmness
           | and continue to practice the techniques to this day. They
           | have changed my life and made me a much more patient, kind,
           | and reflective person.
        
         | Jimpulse wrote:
         | The jhanas were describes in the suttas. You can verify it
         | yourself. Leigh Brasington has a lot of resources making them
         | more accessible, https://www.lionsroar.com/entering-the-
         | jhanas/.
         | 
         | I would agree that the jhanas are hallucinations and initially
         | not subtle whatsoever. By repeated exploration of the jhanas
         | you learn that the states are wholly dependent on many things
         | not under your control. Application of these states in real
         | life is a whole different animal compared to simply being able
         | to access them as well.
         | 
         | * Edit: If you do decide to dive in, the first jhana can be
         | very disorienting. It's definitely a good idea seek help in
         | integrating the experience. Feel free to message me, and I can
         | help or at least point you in the right direction!
        
         | pegasus wrote:
         | There are scientists who are weighing these questions. For
         | example, see Thomas Metzinger's latest research on these kind
         | of states presented here:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8f4ykI9har8 (and in the
         | followup video)
         | 
         | Another good resource is the book "Zen and the Brain".
         | 
         | And this interview with Daniel Ingram mentions some fascinating
         | research on his own capacities developed in meditation:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=APOKB59pVpE
        
       | rc-1140 wrote:
       | I think that there needs to be a separation of meditation's
       | tangible benefits from both the religious associations, such as
       | seeking nirvana or psychedelic experiences, and the social &
       | financial ones stated in this article that either view meditation
       | as a genuine secret superpower or are see it as a backdrop to
       | take advantage of people simply trying to find mental peace.
       | 
       | My belief is that the idea Kabat-Zinn had, which is paraphrased
       | in the article, is good. "Pay attention to the present moment, on
       | purpose, without judgment" - stop, take some time to reflect on
       | your feelings, process them. Maybe just take some time and not
       | "think", where you give yourself some away time from the world.
       | The anecdata from countless people seems to vaguely support the
       | notion that this view on meditation works; I wouldn't call it
       | concrete by any means, but it's as solid of a scientific start as
       | one can get with something like meditation.
       | 
       | Software developers and those adjacent love to tout acronyms like
       | "Keep It Simple, Stupid", why does the buck stop at software? The
       | further one gets into the article, the more outlandish things
       | get: electronic stimulation, microdosing various drugs (mentioned
       | a lot on HN, which I've always found disturbing), cranial
       | ultrasounds, even the stock photo of the lady meditating with a
       | VR headset?
       | 
       | At the end of the piece, Laukkonen provides the following
       | rhetorical question: "[W]hat is liberating about chasing
       | different states of consciousness, and not enjoying the one that
       | you have?" I think a lot of the comments here and the research
       | presented towards the end of the article are in too deep in
       | either side and are unable to see the forest for the trees.
        
       | hackingthelema wrote:
       | > We have ideas like biological taxonomies and genetics that
       | provide a shared basis for cross-cultural understanding and
       | exploration of universally relevant fields. "We need that for the
       | deep end of spiritual experience," he said. "What works as well
       | in Riyadh, as Rome, as Rio, as rural Alabama? What's the
       | functional, scalable essence?"
       | 
       | That was the purpose comparative tools like correspondence
       | charts[1] were intended for; Aleister Crowley and Allan Bennett
       | put a bunch of effort of surveying all spiritual experience they
       | could learn about, followed by tabulating it all and trying to
       | pattern match. The result was a shared basis for cross-cultural
       | understanding, though the actual form of it could be heavily
       | criticised.
       | 
       | > Advanced meditation for everyone?
       | 
       | > "My hope is that ultimately, this work will contribute to
       | bringing advanced meditation out of the monastery," Sacchet said,
       | describing its "incredible promise for moving beyond addressing
       | mental health issues, toward helping people thrive."
       | 
       | That was also Crowley's primary goal: to show that anyone at all
       | could attain, and easily, while living a normal life, and thought
       | that it would help them thrive. He stated this over and over
       | again.
       | 
       | I love that we're finally making effort towards the thought he
       | had, that
       | 
       | > Diverse as these statements [on mystical experiences] are at
       | first sight, all agree in announcing an experience of the class
       | which fifty years ago would have been called supernatural, to-day
       | may be called spiritual, and fifty years hence will have a proper
       | name based on an understanding of the phenomenon which occurred.
       | (Book 4, Part 1; 1911[2])
       | 
       | though it's 70 years later than he thought. I'd love to be
       | involved in work like this, both as an occultist/experienced
       | meditator, and as a computer scientist / software developer,
       | though I don't know how to get involved. Maybe by contacting the
       | EPRC listed? :)
       | 
       | May all attain!
       | 
       | [1] http://www.thelemapedia.org/index.php/Tree_of_Life:777
       | 
       | [2] https://sacred-texts.com/oto/aba/aba1.htm
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | epiccoleman wrote:
       | > Given that wealthy countries like the US aren't exactly riding
       | trend lines toward new peaks of mental health (depression rates
       | in American adults are at an all-time high, while young people
       | appear in the grips of a mental health crisis), scalable ways of
       | not just mindfully soothing, but completely re-creating
       | psychological experiences for the better should set off sirens of
       | general, scientific, and funding intrigue.
       | 
       | I was all ready to criticize this, but the article pretty much
       | sums up my feelings:
       | 
       | > Critics call it "McMindfulness," a capitalist perversion of
       | meditation that deals with stress by focusing inward on the
       | breath, rather than outward on the social structures that cause
       | so much of that stress.
       | 
       | I'm all for finding ways for people to improve their mental
       | health and become more resilient to their suffering. But I can't
       | help but feel the recent societal interest in meditation and
       | psychedelics is wrongheaded in that it's treating a symptom
       | rather than a cause.
       | 
       | There's also a part of me that resists the "capitalization" of
       | these tools for mental introspection. It feels, in some way, to
       | be missing the point. That said, I'm not sure that resistance is
       | correctly targeted. Why shouldn't someone be able to make money
       | by providing people with tools to improve their lives? Is that
       | thought a silly purity spiral, leaving scraps of potential well-
       | being on the table just because the packaging is too slick?
       | 
       | But still, there's something about it that feels off to me, as
       | though there's something that's lost when we package all this
       | ancient, hard-won wisdom into a smartphone app whose
       | notifications to you will sit right next to the latest Elon Musk
       | tweet.
        
         | lcuff wrote:
         | > I can't help but feel the recent societal interest in
         | meditation and psychedelics is wrongheaded in that it's
         | treating a symptom rather than a cause.
         | 
         | I agree, but the question emerges "what is treatable?" Many of
         | the thousands of causes of stress in modern life can't be
         | changed by an individual: I can't unelect politicians I
         | disagree with, clean up the air where I live, or make the roads
         | I travel significantly less clogged with traffic. But I can
         | change my reactions to these. Thich Nhat Hanh taught people 'to
         | consider every red traffic light a Bodhisattva, teaching us to
         | "stop and be here now"'. An individual can treat SOME causes:
         | Disconnect from Twitter and nightly TV news, and if that's what
         | you mean, I agree with you even more strongly. But for larger
         | realities, "the social structures that cause so much of the
         | stress", no immediate solutions are available to the
         | individual. Stress reduction is a good way to go.
        
           | crazygringo wrote:
           | > _Many of the thousands of causes of stress in modern life
           | can 't be changed by an individual_
           | 
           | The counterpoint is essentially that if people engaged in
           | social outward-looking _collective action_ , as opposed to
           | solitary inward-looking meditation, then you _can_ change the
           | world -- as has been demonstrated countless times.
           | 
           | You certainly can unelect politicians in the next election.
           | Environmental movements have made gigantic progress towards
           | cleaning up the air. And congestion pricing is starting to
           | spread as the solution for cities to reduce traffic, and it
           | works.
           | 
           | As an individual you probably won't be the single tipping
           | point. But collective action happens because lots of
           | individuals work together, and it _requires_ all of those
           | individuals. But it requires more than changing your
           | reactions, it requires collective action.
        
             | babymetal wrote:
             | Interesting that this replies to a comment quoting Thich
             | Nhat Hanh, who practiced "engaged Buddhism" and whose name
             | means "one action" (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%ADc
             | h_Nh%E1%BA%A5t_H%E1%B...).
        
             | oatmeal1 wrote:
             | Where do people get the energy to take outward collective
             | action if they are bogged down by stress and frivolous
             | thoughts? I see meditation and/or psychedelics as the only
             | way to get people to do pro-societal things, above
             | individualistic things that are not thoughtful uses of
             | time.
        
             | adolph wrote:
             | > You certainly can unelect politicians in the next
             | election.
             | 
             | Unfortunately this is not literally true in that an
             | election puts a different politician in the place of the
             | former one. This is how most democracies are inconsistent
             | and don't allow people to choose anarchy.
        
             | lcuff wrote:
             | > The counterpoint is essentially that if people engaged in
             | social outward-looking collective action, as opposed to
             | solitary inward-looking meditation, then you can change the
             | world -- as has been demonstrated countless times.
             | 
             | Yes, it has been demonstrated, and yes it requires
             | collective action, but no that doesn't mean I (necessarily)
             | have the time, energy or skill to act effectively to change
             | any one, let alone dozens or thousands of these stressors,
             | even if they're enormously stressful to me currently. The
             | 'bang for the buck' in my world is to address the stressors
             | at the personal level, and hope/intend to contribute to
             | some worthy cause as well.
        
             | Karrot_Kream wrote:
             | > The counterpoint is essentially that if people engaged in
             | social outward-looking collective action, as opposed to
             | solitary inward-looking meditation, then you can change the
             | world -- as has been demonstrated countless times.
             | 
             | Why do these two actions contradict each other? People can
             | do both. Gandhi was not only a community organizer who
             | affected broad, collective action but also practiced
             | meditation.
        
           | epiccoleman wrote:
           | > Stress reduction is a good way to go
           | 
           | I totally agree, I think the thing I find discomforting is
           | the apparent conflict between the systems that exacerbate the
           | "problem" and the fact that a meditation app, medicalized
           | psychedelic trip, or scientific research into either seems
           | somehow _part_ of that system. It feels like instead of
           | becoming tools for liberation from daily suffering or for
           | deepening the understanding of one 's consciousness, these
           | tools are being subsumed and defanged by the same system that
           | makes us need them.
           | 
           | It's some of the same feeling as seeing businesses embrace
           | social justice culture - without even getting into the whole
           | "woke" debate, I'll just say it often feels weird to see
           | these big machines of capitalism embrace these causes. It
           | feels cynical - rather than "this is a good cause, we will
           | support it" it feels like "people are into social justice,
           | this is good marketing".
           | 
           | But again, maybe that's OK. If Disney embraces LGBT causes
           | for cynical reasons to sell movies, but instrumentally
           | advances rights or attitudes in doing so - or if Headspace
           | makes a ton of money, but genuinely improves someone's
           | internal experience - or if Joe Rogan convinces someone to
           | try psychedelic therapy, and that person is able to work
           | through some issues and be better for their family - it's
           | hard to find an argument that these are bad things.
           | 
           | But they still make me feel _weird_.
        
         | beardedmoose wrote:
         | > Critics call it "McMindfulness"
         | 
         | I am both amused and disgusted by this term. Why does
         | everything nowadays have to generate profit or else it's
         | worthless? I'd like to get off this capitalist roller coaster
         | please.
         | 
         | As an adult with ADHD meditation is helping me greatly with
         | some of my executive functions. That being said I don't use any
         | apps as I despise my cell phone in general; It's just a
         | constant stream of micro-aggressions and distractions.
        
           | csallen wrote:
           | The world isn't so bad. You might just need a perspective
           | shift. A huge number of regular human activities and
           | interactions don't generate profit, and yet aren't considered
           | worthless. Go play an intramural sport, or take a walk with a
           | friend, or read a book to a niece or nephew, or spark up a
           | chat at a coffee shop, or hell, comment on Hacker News.
           | 
           | The vast number of capitalist activities and goings on aren't
           | so bad either. I look out my window and walk through the
           | world, and I see a society chock full of people working to
           | provide useful things and services to others in society who
           | find it valuable. Which is amazing. And it's profit that
           | enables people to do this much of the time.
        
         | d3ckard wrote:
         | I agree.
         | 
         | I personally think it's about the world becoming more and more
         | uncertain. Everybody is supposed to switch careers a bunch of
         | times during lifetime, everybody is expected to push their
         | limits, everybody is expected to stay on top ever changing
         | social norms.
         | 
         | It's just too much pressure. There is very little average Joe
         | can do to have a fairly sure good living. While the system
         | _has_ a lot of opportunities for talented people, just getting
         | by on working hard, being punctual, trustworthy and such, is
         | increasingly hard.
         | 
         | As lord Vetinari says, people mostly don't want tomorrow to be
         | better - they want it to be the same. It's more and more
         | unlikely nowadays.
        
           | Pannoniae wrote:
           | Yup, I've pretty much become a hermit because I can't be
           | bothered to keep up with the ever-changing social norms
           | (which if you breach, you get the harshest consequences
           | including social exclusion, public shaming and
           | "consequences"), ever-changing popular culture and ever-
           | changing everything.
        
         | samstave wrote:
         | The morbid, but critically true, reality is that there are
         | different humans. There are Takers, Givers, Neutral.
         | 
         | We are ruled by Takers.
         | 
         | (service to self, as opposed to service of others)
         | 
         | Which is a core tenant of meditation (service to others)
         | 
         | We as a Humanity will not heal until we can kill the Takers
         | Archetype in the psyche.
         | 
         | Thus why meditation helps.
         | 
         | But literally - the Takers who are the "they" or "TPTB" are so
         | fn broken, that changing that psychological worm is extremely
         | difficult - and its a self-defending psychosis that spans
         | generations and is hard to qwell.
         | 
         | -
         | 
         | EDIT because of the 'posting too fast rule (lame)' ;;
         | 
         | --
         | 
         | Mayan word ;; "In Lak'ech"
         | 
         | ' _I am another Yourself_ '
        
           | deprecative wrote:
           | We like takers. We hate givers.
        
           | ericjmorey wrote:
           | > Which is a core tenant of meditation (service to others)
           | 
           | It always seemed the opposite to me. One meditates for ones
           | self.
        
             | beedeebeedee wrote:
             | >> Which is a core tenant of meditation (service to others)
             | 
             | > It always seemed the opposite to me. One meditates for
             | ones self.
             | 
             | And in the process, like in Kant's practical reason, we
             | recognize not only our selves, but see other selves like us
             | in the world. There's no contradiction
        
             | malauxyeux wrote:
             | With the caveat that any discussion of meditation is
             | fraught with "no true Scotsmans" and hypotheticals ...
             | 
             | Something that the American Theravadin Thanissaro Bhikkhu
             | says is that meditation is "for my own benefit and the
             | benefit of those around me."
             | 
             | E.g., during a disagreement with someone, you remain calm
             | and avoid giving the other person a "piece of your mind".
             | 
             | The other person doesn't have to deal with the "piece of
             | your mind", which is to their benefit.
        
         | crawfordcomeaux wrote:
         | The MAPS conference (Multidisciplinary Association for
         | Psychedelic Studies) was protested by indigenous people for
         | colonizing their medicine practices. Their point was about what
         | you're touching on here:
         | 
         | These tools were developed to address the problems of the
         | world, not to play into the individualization of collective
         | harm. They were for helping the world, not simply self.
         | 
         | A great test of whether or not these methods are colonized:
         | does one come away with the ability to envision decolonial
         | anticapitalist ways forward and then choose to enact them?
         | 
         | If not, probably colonized medicine.
         | 
         | Decontextualized wisdom is a form of ignorance and typically
         | leads to harm.
        
       | aszantu wrote:
       | Ppl with mental disorders shouldn't meditate more than 20 min/day
        
         | Jimpulse wrote:
         | To maybe add a helpful analogy. Some meditative states aren't
         | very different that an intense dose of psychedelics. Not to
         | mention the person is "dosed" without expecting it.
         | 
         | If it's done unsupervised or without a support system such as a
         | guide or teacher, the experience can be traumatic.
        
         | DueDilligence wrote:
         | [dead]
        
         | k__ wrote:
         | How come?
         | 
         | I had the impression, people with mental disorders would profit
         | the most from it.
        
           | nick__m wrote:
           | Mostly because longer meditation practice is more frequently
           | associated with something called the dark night of the soul
           | https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2014/06/the-
           | dark-...
        
             | notfed wrote:
             | "Mental disorders" is overly broad. It sounds like we're
             | talking schizophrenia here.
        
         | wussboy wrote:
         | Why? How would you know?
        
         | clsec wrote:
         | Citation please!
        
           | jossclimb wrote:
           | Not OP, but it happened to me. Started meditation to deal
           | with anxiety and the introspection that came with it, ended
           | up with me on the verge of a complete breakdown. I started
           | off doing Sam Harris and then progressed to doing an hour or
           | more each day. I had some moments of insight and then hit
           | some dark night of the soul which wrecked me, I was close to
           | admitting myself to hospital for psychological help.
           | 
           | What fixed me was finally reading Breath by James Nestor and
           | how you breath has a direct impact on the parasympathetic /
           | sympathetic nervous system. I learned to take long slow
           | breaths into the diaphragm and too nose breath all of the
           | time. Basically my vagus nerve was fried from burn out and
           | being in the fight flight mode of the parasympathetic system,
           | as opposed to the 'rest and digest' chilled nature of
           | sympathetic nervous system.
           | 
           | My own view now, is that mediation should not be attempted
           | (at least by anyone with mental issues) until the
           | parasympathetic / sympathetic system is balanced and stress
           | is significantly reduced. This should start with the breath.
           | 
           | https://www.vice.com/en/article/vbaedd/meditation-is-a-
           | power...
        
             | DrThunder wrote:
             | I feel like you did the wrong sort of meditation for
             | anxiety. Mindfulness and breathing where you see the
             | thought come and let it go is preferred for anxiety
             | sufferers. You should not be following your anxious
             | thoughts.
             | 
             | I could see how it would affect you negatively if you tried
             | to follow all your anxious thoughts and delve into their
             | "meaning". The goal for some with high anxiety ought to be
             | lessening its meaning. You should just see it as another
             | emotion with a neutral (or even helpful at times) stance.
             | You don't lessen anxiety by giving it MORE attention. That
             | seems like it would train your brain to think it's way too
             | important and you'd get stuck in an anxiety loop.
        
               | jules22 wrote:
               | The thing is, these "No true Scotsman" justifications
               | only come out later.
               | 
               | Despite significant literature on meditation psychosis,
               | meditation is promoted as a completely safe practice and
               | risks are almost never mentioned to new practitioners.
        
               | uoaei wrote:
               | TBH all I'm seeing are straw man arguments from you. It
               | sounds like you have not given any time to a truly good-
               | faith exploration of these methods, instead leaning on
               | vague impressions based on only the most incidental and
               | bottom-of-the-barrel evidence.
        
       | neves wrote:
       | Paid maternity leave and 30 vacations, staples of any developed
       | country, would do more for mental health in USA than any research
       | in meditation.
        
         | FollowingTheDao wrote:
         | Exactly. Please see:
         | 
         | Buddhism as the Opiate of the (downwardly-mobile) Middle Class:
         | The Case of Thanissaro Bhikkhu
         | 
         | https://speculativenonbuddhism.com/2013/07/10/buddhism-as-th...
        
       | amriksohata wrote:
       | I find the use of the term "mindfulness" so frustrating.
       | Meditation, or jnana yog is simply one of the types of yoga
       | described in the Gita and Vedas, which was adopted by BUddhism,
       | then by the West to manage their hectic lifestyles.
       | 
       | Its purpose is completely different, its purpose is to condition
       | the body to help understand THAT YOU ARE NOT THE BODY and connect
       | yourself with that higher purpose. Thats the whole purpose.
        
       | thenerdhead wrote:
       | > "My hope is that ultimately, this work will contribute to
       | bringing advanced meditation out of the monastery," Sacchet said,
       | describing its "incredible promise for moving beyond addressing
       | mental health issues, toward helping people thrive."
       | 
       | What exactly is considered "advanced meditation"? I've been
       | meditating for years, but don't do it for hours each day or go on
       | extended silent retreats. I've read many practices too and I'm
       | not aware of anything "advanced" outside of just spending more
       | time and revolving more of your life around it. 10-15 minutes a
       | day already does wonders for me.
        
         | curo wrote:
         | It seems they're using the term to distinguish "meditation for
         | emotional regulation" (v1 research) from "meditation for
         | itself" (v2 research)
        
         | gdubs wrote:
         | There's a lot of different practices, though in a lot of
         | schools that have practiced meditation for centuries,
         | "Mindfulness" style meditation - what's largely practiced in
         | the west - is just one aspect. The Dalai Lama, for instance,
         | discuss at length in his books deeper phases of meditation that
         | focus on things like "emptiness" [1] or compassion, loving-
         | kindness, etc. Someone who's more knowledgable can correct me
         | if I'm wrong, but the 'mindfulness' type meditation is almost
         | like a warmup for these other forms of meditation.
         | 
         | 1: Emptiness meditation, best I can describe it, is sort of
         | like meditating on how something like a "Chair" falls apart
         | under scrutiny. We perceive it as a solid object, yet when you
         | analyze its parts, it tends to 'fall apart', and what makes it
         | a "Chair" becomes hard to pin down. You start to see it more as
         | a coming together of many things, each of which also tends to
         | fall apart under scrutiny. Worth pointing out that this
         | 'emptiness' is not the same as nihilism.
        
           | thenerdhead wrote:
           | Ah I see. So the subject/practice of your meditation is what
           | is considered advanced. i.e. metta, vipassana, samatha, etc.
           | I read the entire article and it hardly spoke about what is
           | considered "advanced" from the monasteries.
        
             | Jimpulse wrote:
             | There are "attainments" or maps. A lot of teachers don't
             | communicate them since it can be a bit of a trap, since
             | striving to reach an attainments can prevent you from
             | reaching it.
             | 
             | More contemporary dharma teachers have been willing to go
             | into it. The jhanas is one such map.
             | 
             | As an intermediary step simply being able to stay with your
             | breath for an hour while still being aware/not falling
             | asleep is a good goal.
        
         | asimovfan wrote:
         | http://studybuddhism.com/en/advanced-studies
        
       | 2bitencryption wrote:
       | A few years ago I tried the very first Headspace meditation
       | courses, back when Headspace was pretty new.
       | 
       | It was great! I loved it. I really felt like the narrator was
       | knowledgeable and had something to teach me. His explanations for
       | the process actually made sense, and weren't woo-woo mumbo jumbo.
       | Perhaps it is all placebo effect, but even if so, the effect
       | worked for me perfectly.
       | 
       | The problem is, as the industry exploded, it became harder and
       | harder to find meditation guides that have that quality.
       | 
       | Even on Headspace, which I used to love, there's only so much
       | they could provide, before the demand necessitated putting out
       | meditation guides that are more and more ridiculous ("meditation
       | for doing the dishes", "meditation for walking the dog", etc).
       | 
       | And I haven't found any guides that help me to the degree that
       | the original Headspace ones did. Would love it if anyone has any
       | recommendations.
       | 
       | (of course, you might say "you don't need a guide once you know
       | how to do it", but personally I find it really hard without some
       | recorded guide helping me along)
        
         | oatmeal1 wrote:
         | I use the Headspace guided meditation (30 mins) 2-3 times every
         | day. Did that not work for you? It's amazing how hard they make
         | it just to find the basic guided meditation. Not pushing
         | anything spiritual or ways of thinking the guide prefers. Just
         | experiencing the present.
        
         | dimal wrote:
         | If you find it hard without some recorded guide helping you
         | along, that's exactly why you should consider meditating
         | without a guide. Guided meditation is like riding a bike with
         | training wheels. You don't fall, but you're not really riding a
         | bike.
         | 
         | You learn to meditate by trying and failing over and over, and
         | in the process you learn your own mind. You learn all its
         | tricks. And that's the point. It can suck for a long time. It
         | can be a grind. But eventually, you stabilize.
        
         | yldedly wrote:
         | The Brightmind app is excellent, and you can adjust the
         | duration of the guided meditations.
        
         | fredrikholm wrote:
         | Waking Up by Sam Harris.
         | 
         | It's more insight than mindfulness, but remains secular. Loads
         | of content from big names.
         | 
         | Highly recommended.
        
       | 5cott0 wrote:
       | Huairang asked [Mazu], "Why are you sitting in meditation?"
       | [Mazu] replied, "Because I want to become a Buddha." Thereupon
       | Hauirang took a brick and started to polish it in front of
       | [Mazu]'s hermitage. [Mazu] asked him, "Why are you polishing that
       | brick?" Huairang replied, "Because I want to make a mirror."
       | [Mazu] asked, "How can you make a mirror by polishing a brick?"
       | Huairang said, "If I cannot make a mirror by polishing a brick,
       | how can you become a Buddha by sitting in meditation?" [Mazu]
       | asked, "Then what shall I do?" Huairang asked, "When an ox-
       | carriage stops moving, do you hit the carriage or the ox?" [Mazu]
       | had no reply. Huairang continued, "Are you practicing to sit in
       | meditation, or practicing to sit like a Buddha? As to sitting in
       | meditation, meditation is neither sitting nor lying. As to
       | sitting like a Buddha, the Buddha has no fixed form. In the non-
       | abiding Dharma, one should neither grasp nor reject. If you try
       | to sit like a Buddha, you are just killing the Buddha. If you
       | attach to the form of sitting, you will never realize the
       | principle." Upon hearing this [Mazu] felt as if he had tasted
       | ghee.
        
         | 5cott0 wrote:
         | Keep whipping that cart!
        
       | triyambakam wrote:
       | In Hinduism, meditation is not just a calming practice, but an
       | actual movement toward God. And in the tradition I follow, it is
       | also not for beginners. Basic discipline -- the following of the
       | Yamas (restraints of non-violence, truthfulness, non-stealing,
       | etc.) -- is recommended first.
        
         | jimmychoozyx wrote:
         | I like to consider Meditation outside of any religion
         | personally.
         | 
         | Meditation helps to calm the nervous system. Counting to 10 (1
         | count per inhale + exhale), or simply focusing on each inhale &
         | exhale, or repeating a word or multi-word mantra, is what I do
         | personally.
         | 
         | It's especially nice in a Sauna with some mystical atmospheric
         | music (such as Anugama, one of my favorites for meditation).
         | 
         | I have found that it improves my ability to concentrate
         | (especially useful when studying or working) and to calm myself
         | in stressful situations.
        
         | nuclearnice1 wrote:
         | Interesting point. There are obvious connections from the Yamas
         | to the eight-fold path of Buddhism: Right View, Right Resolve,
         | Right Speech, Right Action, Right Livelihood, Right Effort,
         | Right Mindfulness, and Right Concentration.
         | 
         | I'm not aware of an explicit ordering. But the other seven
         | steps complement and deepen the meditation.
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noble_Eightfold_Path
        
           | hackingthelema wrote:
           | Relevant https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%81ja_yoga#Compari
           | son_with...
        
         | flatline wrote:
         | You find all kinds of approaches in the Eastern traditions.
         | Buddha rejected the eternalism and theism of the Hindus, but
         | most of his teachings were really quite similar. The yoga
         | sutras emphasized asana prior to the practice of dhyana. Go
         | further east and some of the chan/zen schools rejected all
         | formal teaching methods such as ethical precepts and sutra
         | studies in favor of meditation alone. This latter is where the
         | modern mindfulness movement found its primary inspiration.
        
         | waterheater wrote:
         | Exactly. How many Westerners are trying to meditate without a
         | conscious belief in a Higher Power, an Infinite Creator, God,
         | or such? I wonder if there may be negative spiritual effects by
         | employing meditation without seeking closeness with divinity.
        
           | GloriousKoji wrote:
           | We've stripped off the religious part and rebranded it as
           | mindfulness. There have been reports of having positive
           | impact on mental health.
        
           | sn9 wrote:
           | Atheism isn't a solely Western thing.
           | 
           | Not all meditative traditions require belief in a God.
           | 
           | See Hindu atheism for example:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindu_atheism
        
           | DrThunder wrote:
           | Eh, my guess is it just isn't quite as effective. Belief in a
           | higher power makes things a lot easier to accept and
           | meditation in many aspects is the practice of accepting
           | emotions and thoughts.
           | 
           | I would also say prayer like you see in Abrahamic religions
           | is its own type of meditation. You also enter a sort of
           | meditative state in sports where you kind of feel in the
           | moment and "in the flow" where there's not God involved... at
           | least not consciously.
        
             | waterheater wrote:
             | >Eh, my guess is it just isn't quite as effective.
             | 
             | I suppose that would be less guess and more...belief. :)
             | 
             | Meditation is not just about accepting emotions and
             | thoughts; you can get such by talking with a close friend
             | or visiting a mental health counselor. Many people claim to
             | receive new insight or guidance amidst the mental
             | stillness. Two common explanations is that it's either God
             | or your Higher Self sending a message.
             | 
             | Prayer is absolutely a form of meditation, arguably a more
             | advanced form. If meditation fosters observation of self
             | and others, prayer takes that observation and combines it
             | with will to cause action.
             | 
             | What you're ultimately getting at is the difference between
             | "going through the motions" and proper meditation and
             | prayer. Most spiritual systems discuss a "right" way to
             | meditate or pray which focuses less on the external actions
             | and more on your internal desire.
        
       | akasakahakada wrote:
       | Little google search I found this guy.
       | 
       | https://www.exploringtheproblemspace.com/new-blog/2018/2/18/...
       | 
       | To conclude that, Jon Kabat-Zinn, the "scientist" quoted in the
       | article is just pure pseudoscience.
        
         | ryanwaggoner wrote:
         | What? A random blog post that is nothing more than a word salad
         | of the blogger's _filenames_ for their notes on Kabat-Zinn 's
         | book was enough to make you conclude that he's not a real
         | scientist and just peddling pseudoscience?
         | 
         | Sounds like your own standard of evidence isn't much higher
         | than pseudoscience.
        
           | akasakahakada wrote:
           | You should click into the category and see there is literally
           | ~100 blog posts about the issue.
        
             | ryanwaggoner wrote:
             | Oh, I did, because I assumed there surely had to be more to
             | your critique than just this list of filenames.
             | 
             | I only scanned a few posts, but it appears to be an old
             | anonymous blog with disjointed musings about why the author
             | finds mindfulness "annoying". I didn't see anything to
             | convince me that this is worth digging into further, like
             | for example: a really cogent argument, or some research, or
             | any kind of background in anything remotely related, etc.
             | So I'm still unclear on what made you conclude from this
             | random blog that Kabat-Zinn is just peddling pseudoscience.
             | 
             | It honestly sounds like you're just anti-mindfulness, which
             | isn't inherently a bad thing. I don't think we should have
             | sacred cows, and there may be valid anti-mindfulness
             | arguments from serious people out there. But drawing
             | conclusions based on this particular blog makes it seem
             | like you're not interested in figuring out what's true (ie,
             | science) as much as finding justification to support your
             | pre-existing position, regardless of the evidence (ie,
             | pseudoscience).
        
         | carabiner wrote:
         | He's got a PhD from MIT in molecular biology. So nothing to do
         | with meditation or neuroscience. But he was a scientist for a
         | while. Now he's emeritus.
        
           | jules22 wrote:
           | Brian Josephson won his Nobel and then got into
           | transcendental meditation. He was talking pseudoscience
           | since. It does not take away from him that he is a smart man,
           | but it seems to have effected his rationality quite a bit.
           | 
           | I know some meditating academics. They all have this tendency
           | to irrationality.
        
             | carabiner wrote:
             | I think you can compare meditation to the field of
             | "medicine" or "diet." There are cranks and pseudoscience in
             | there too, but I wouldn't write off the whole field as
             | irrational. It's got a semantic problem too. If more people
             | called it "mindfulness" or "focus practice" that would be
             | more accurate for how most normal, secular people meditate.
             | Maybe even calling it meditation vs. alternative meditation
             | (like alternative medicine). LOTS of different forms of
             | meditation, and not all I think are worthwhile. Some are
             | better than others.
             | 
             | TM seems like a total scam/fake though, just like
             | chiropractic, astrology, juice cleanses etc.
        
         | FollowingTheDao wrote:
         | Thank you. Jon Kabat-Zinn is a con artist and wanna be guru. It
         | is easy to be calm when you are not homeless and disabled
         | living with a chronic illness.
        
         | DueDilligence wrote:
         | [dead]
        
         | 0xdeadbeefbabe wrote:
         | The science giveth and the science taketh away then I guess. Is
         | it scientific to see if he has helped anyone with chronic pain?
        
       | dottjt wrote:
       | I think a key point that a lot of people miss is that meditation
       | is just a single practice. The goal is mindfulness.
       | 
       | This is to say that you can meditate mindlessly, as you can
       | meditate mindfully. You can also be mindful without meditation,
       | although it's a lot more difficult to do so.
        
         | 3abiton wrote:
         | What is your recommendation gateway to meditation?
        
           | FollowingTheDao wrote:
           | Just be aware of everything, without resistance.
        
       | everydayDonut wrote:
       | I've practiced mindfulness and meditation for many years until I
       | found "The Tao of Pooh", which, if you're not familiar, outlines
       | the basic tenets of taoism. It has completely changed me and made
       | me feel whole for the first time in my life, and I don't have to
       | practice anything to achieve it.
       | 
       | Early on in my life I was drawn in by proverbs and other pieces
       | of wisdom, in an attempt to fill in the gaps of what I thought
       | was missing, to fix myself and make me feel whole. Then
       | mindfulness presented itself to me and it gave me a feeling that
       | everything just worked - it was simple and applied to everything;
       | but I couldn't hold onto it. I wanted to just be, and be ok. Non-
       | dual mindfulness felt like the answer to that problem, but while
       | it sounded right in theory, I still felt that it was something I
       | had to achieve or maintain.
       | 
       | When I read The Tao of Pooh, everything clicked for me. I could
       | be myself without trying. My whole life has become open-ended. It
       | also helped me to understand something that always nagged at me -
       | how could some people appear to be mindful from birth, without
       | having read anything about mindfulness? - People who seemed to
       | always grow and learn in a way that upends their nature
       | continually (nature vs. nurture?), while I felt that there was
       | always something I was missing.
       | 
       | The answer(for me) was 2 things -an ability to see myself as
       | whole, despite the capacity for personal growth; -and
       | complete/lazy faith in my intuition.
       | 
       | (Intuition being this kind of thing that everyone is born with -
       | and so in my view, the only thing that could transcend the
       | differences between every living being. The differences in access
       | to teachings, wisdom, philosophies, religion, culture, etc.)
       | 
       | I'm curious if anyone here has felt similar with
       | meditation/mindfulness, or has had experience with both that and
       | taoism and what that journey was like for you.
        
         | joe__f wrote:
         | Zen is also partly based on Taoism. I recommend Zen Mind,
         | Beginner's Mind by Shunryu Suzuki.
        
         | dorchadas wrote:
         | Sadly the Tao of Pooh does _not_ outline the basic tenets of
         | Daoism. As van Norden says in the chapter on the Daodejing in
         | his _Introduction to Classical Chinese Philosophy_ :
         | 
         | > The Tao of Pooh by Benjamin Hoff ... is a charming work that
         | has attained a wide readership. There is nothing wrong with
         | enjoying it for itself. But it reveals much more about how the
         | Daodejing as been appropriated to illustrate Western
         | Romanticism than it does about the Daodejing itself. (See later
         | in this section for more on Romanticism).
         | 
         | and, later on, here's what he has to say about the
         | appropriation of the Daodejing and Daoism for Romanticism:
         | 
         | > We see a similar trend in the West. In particular,
         | contemporary Westerners often project onto the Daodejing the
         | assumptions of Romanticism. In reaction against the emphasis on
         | reason that was characteristic of the Enlightenment,
         | Romanticism championed the importance and wisdom of one's
         | passions. But the dichotomy of reason and passion is Western,
         | not Chinese, and the individualism characteristic in some forms
         | of Romanticism is quite alien to the Daodejing. Consequently,
         | we should be on the lookout for how Romantic preconceptions can
         | distort our appreciation of the text.
         | 
         | Sadly, there's not many _good_ non-academic introductions to
         | Daoism out there, and the most popular translation - Stephen
         | Mitchell 's - was done by someone who can't even _read
         | Classical Chinese_ , but thought his _Zen_ teaching was a
         | 'good enough' guide to allow him to translate it.
         | 
         | -----------
         | 
         | All this is to say I'm glad the book worked for you, and helped
         | you find peace. It's just not Daoism (nor is Alan Watts!)
        
           | opportune wrote:
           | What would you recommend as an introduction to Daoism, even
           | if academic?
           | 
           | I am not an expert on the subject but IMO Taoism has a very
           | similar phenomenon to Buddhism (and indeed all religions or
           | popular philosophies really) in that the "classical",
           | original, core teachings are pretty different from the
           | organized later movements under the same name. So the context
           | - philosophical, historical, sociological, spiritual - in
           | which you approach the subject and whether you're doing so on
           | the basis of the original thing or its more organized
           | movements might make it so people interested in it under
           | different contexts both think the other is ignorant or
           | incorrect.
           | 
           | I haven't read the Tao of Pooh myself but I want to point
           | this out because I think it's possible to understand Taoism
           | (the classical philosophy) and concepts like Wu-wei without
           | necessarily knowing anything about Neidan and or "Taoist
           | Magic"
        
           | everydayDonut wrote:
           | Wow thank you for this! I suppose that's what the answer
           | could have been for me, a kind of bridging between my
           | lifelong reverence and pursuit of reason, and the passion or
           | intuition that I didn't understand in others or myself.
           | 
           | I'm still early into reading the James Legge translation, but
           | I've heard that there are many interpretations of the
           | original. Is the tao of pooh not even close to daoism then?
        
             | stryan wrote:
             | Not OP and it's been a long time since I've read the Tao of
             | Pooh, but from what I recall it's alright, but it really
             | doesn't cover much of the real meat of Taoism. Much like
             | Alan Watts, it provides an interesting philosophy, possibly
             | even a helpful one, but it's not Daoism. Like watching an
             | American re-make of a foreign movie :)
             | 
             | I'd be a bit wary of older translations[0] and try to get a
             | reputable new one if you can. I recommend either Thomas
             | Cleary's[1] or Victor Mairs; the latter was made based off
             | the oldest copy of the Tao Te Ching we've found so far and
             | includes a lot of interesting historical background.
             | 
             | If you want a more historical look I recommend Early Daoist
             | Scriptures by Stephen Bokenkamp, which is fascinating if a
             | little dry. There's also The Taoist Body by Kristofer
             | Schipper which goes into how Taoism is practiced in modern
             | Taiwan: Kristofer was actually ordained as a Taoism priest
             | and learned many rituals supposedly wiped out in China
             | during the Cultural Revolution.
             | 
             | [0] I think Legge's translation is actually alright, but it
             | was really a crap-shoot back then. Infamously, Richard
             | Wilhelms translation of "The Secret of the Golden Flower"
             | is said by some to be so badly done as to in some parts
             | convey the exact opposite of what the text says.
             | 
             | [1] Thomas Clearly (who was also the biggest critic of
             | Wilhelms translation, for context) published a collection
             | of his TTC and Chuang Tzu translations as one book, The
             | Essential Tao, if you're looking to read the latter too. I
             | highly recommend it
        
               | everydayDonut wrote:
               | I like the movie metaphor, some turn out to be very
               | different from the original and I don't always like that.
               | 
               | This seems like a great list you've compiled, thank you.
               | The deeper dives you've recommended sound very
               | interesting too. I think I'll bookmark this
        
               | EdwardDiego wrote:
               | I quite liked Thomas Merton's translations.
        
               | stryan wrote:
               | Don't get me wrong, I'm a big fan of Thomas Merton! He
               | was a truly wise man and I have several of his books
               | (highly recommend Zen and the Birds of Appetite and The
               | Wisdom of the Desert!) and enjoy his "The Way of Chuang
               | Tzu ". But Merton wasn't a translator and was instead
               | arranging others translations, as well as interpreting
               | passages in his own way. So while I'd certainly recommend
               | his books I wanted to stay within the bounds of direct
               | translations.
        
           | carabiner wrote:
           | Reminds me of how "zen and the art of motorcycle maintenance"
           | has nothing to do with zen.
        
         | galaxyLogic wrote:
         | I think meditation is similar to physical exercise which you
         | need to do a little bit frequently, to stay healthy.
         | 
         | You don't need to do sports but if you stop walking altogether
         | your physical health deteriorates. Your joints get arthritic.
         | 
         | So the goal of meditation should not be some Cosmic Epiphany
         | Truth or Satori or Nirvana or Samadhi. Those come and go. The
         | goal is to keep your mind healthy, to get the toxins out of it
         | by doing meditation not too much not too little.
        
           | FollowingTheDao wrote:
           | You do not need to sit down to mediate. That is the biggest
           | myth. I mediate while going about my day.
        
             | vram22 wrote:
             | Right, it is a myth.
             | 
             | There's a lot of misinformation floating around about the
             | subject.
             | 
             | Basically, any activity can be a meditation. So can no
             | activity, e.g. zazen.
        
         | saiya-jin wrote:
         | Hmm, I guess I am one of those folks who are complete without
         | knowing why or how, or maybe I do but cant be sure. At least
         | for past decade and a half, before that I was just a big
         | useless lost child (I see big children around a lot, some are
         | nearing retirement).
         | 
         | Definitely no nurture, an average guy with slightly above
         | average mind raised in former communist bloc, if that means
         | anything to you (kids raised as obedient workers, no critical
         | thinking, no strive for greatness, little self sufficiency and
         | other real life skills, thank you soviet fucking russia union
         | for destroying not only my parents lives and dreams). What I
         | achieved in my life is beyond wildest dreams of my humble
         | parents, but they had a nano fraction of my options.
         | 
         | One thing I have is self-discipline but that may not be
         | related. Or maybe non trivial consumption of weed over past 2
         | decades in right moments.
         | 
         | I can empty my mind completely with a snap of a finger, and
         | keep it so if I wish. Mindfulness is utterly boring to me as it
         | does nothing since I am there on my own without even trying,
         | just gets me very sleepy and decreases my heart rate to the
         | point of being cold.
         | 
         | Mild extreme sports make the 'feeling whole' part work.
         | Currently probably rock climbing is #1 with a great buddy
         | (american teacher), followed by my eternal struggle to get
         | finally proficient at paragliding. Small kids give a lot of
         | other fulfilment and take away easy sleep and some mental
         | stability, thats a mixed blessing to be polite.
        
         | opportune wrote:
         | I've had a similar experience with Taoism. It is a kind of
         | tough nut to crack coming from Western cultures what with our
         | extensive theologies, holy books, and prescriptivist religions.
         | I highly recommend "The Way of Chuang Tzu" by Thomas Merton.
         | 
         | Perhaps this betrays some fundamental ignorance on my part, but
         | I think understanding and internalizing the Taoist mindset
         | makes meditation a little less relevant or necessary. Taoism
         | IMO is the sublime wisdom of not attempting to be wise (usually
         | manifesting as inane and unnuanced rules, or clever-sounding
         | quotes) and not neuorotically attempting to conform to
         | practices or ways of thinking forced on us by culture,
         | tradition, ideology, etc. Meditation and mindfulness help
         | incrementally in that pursuit but they are like climbing rungs
         | of a ladder next to an elevator that Zhuangzi built for us.
        
           | haswell wrote:
           | > _Meditation and mindfulness help incrementally in that
           | pursuit but they are like climbing rungs of a ladder next to
           | an elevator that Zhuangzi built for us._
           | 
           | It's critical to note that not all paths/forms of meditation
           | involve climbing rungs of a ladder or really any notion of a
           | path whatsoever.
           | 
           | The practice of sitting is only for the purpose of training
           | the mind to focus, which helps some people reach the "non-
           | dual" state more effectively.
           | 
           | For example, the Dzogchen approach relies more on directly
           | pointing out aspects of experience in a way that brings the
           | listener more directly into contact with the current
           | moment/unfolding experience and towards the same state that
           | "ladder" meditation approaches aim to reach.
           | 
           | Many of the modern western teachers have gravitated to a more
           | direct approach as well because it's more palatable to the
           | audience here (and frankly, far more practical and
           | immediately useful).
           | 
           | Mentioning this because the perception that there's a steep
           | and long journey ahead is not necessary, and has turned
           | plenty of interested people away from the idea of trying.
           | 
           | With all of that said, I haven't explored Taoism, and it
           | sounds interesting.
        
           | everydayDonut wrote:
           | That's exactly how I feel about it, you just put it in better
           | words.
           | 
           | Thank you for the recommendation
        
           | EdwardDiego wrote:
           | +1 on the Merton translation recommendation.
        
         | lootsauce wrote:
         | I picked up the Tao Te Ching in middle school and would reread
         | it frequently. The personal insights would evolve as I grew up
         | and faced different issues in my life. I found an abiding peace
         | in those personal insights and they have held with me since.
         | One of those insights is something like having instead of
         | seeking as an identity. I don't feel that I want to seek to
         | find myself or some great answer, it's already there, I already
         | have it. YMMV bits a wonderful ancient text. I recommend the S.
         | Mitchel translation.
         | 
         | I could never get into the sitting and breathing kind of
         | meditation, but I do find different times I am able to practice
         | very meditative activities such as walking in the woods,
         | aimless wandering, puttering about with no intention just
         | taking in the world. I used to do zen inspired landscape
         | photography and that whole process felt very meditative to me.
        
         | mbivert wrote:
         | > or has had experience with both that and taoism and what that
         | journey was like for you.
         | 
         | When I was in early high school/late middle school, I stumbled
         | upon the Tao Te Ching at the local library. I remembered not
         | understanding much, and the only memory I have left is the
         | peculiar, tai-ji like visual symmetry of the first two
         | (Chinese) sentences (it was one of those books with the source
         | one one side, and a translation on the next). Which definitely
         | sparked a fierce interest in Chinese language/culture.
         | 
         | Other books like the Art of War were a breeze of fresh air: so
         | much common sense.
        
         | varjag wrote:
         | It sounds like a book title that would be super banned in the
         | homeland of Taoism...
        
       | 666_666_666 wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | aradox66 wrote:
       | I was skeptical, but this article does a decent job reiterating
       | the reasons that researching meditative altered states reproduces
       | the same inappropriate KPIs as earlier generations of mindfulness
       | research.
       | 
       | Nirodha samipatti may be a fancy attainment, but Im skeptical
       | sticking electrodes on Daniel Ingram's head is going to advance
       | the secular understanding of dharma wisdom.
        
       | swayvil wrote:
       | Meh. We don't need a science. The last thing we need is a bunch
       | of fine models and discussion.
       | 
       | What we need is some basic, dead-simple experiments that anybody
       | can do. Experiments that show you that there's something there.
       | 
       | And then, after you see a bit, you are inspired to take another
       | step.
        
       | deepGem wrote:
       | Think of cessation, also scripturally described as the "non-
       | occurrence of consciousness," like voluntarily inducing the
       | effects of general anesthesia. Consciousness switches off without
       | a trace, while the basic homeostatic operations of the body --
       | temperature, heartbeat, breathing -- remain online.
       | 
       | - Isn't this like the nirvana of nirvanas ? I had heard about
       | some of the monks in the Himalayas able to attain these states
       | but had brushed it off as utter nonsense.
       | 
       | Since now we know this is feasible, can we surmise that there is
       | no need for an external chemical to shut off the mind or to even
       | alter the mental state of a person ? Could you for instance get
       | into an alcohol or a drug induced state without drinking or doing
       | drugs - What a world would that be ..
        
         | fnordpiglet wrote:
         | At least in Theravada Buddhism this isn't the right way to
         | conceive of enlightenment with respect to samati, or meditative
         | states.
         | 
         | The mind is composed of several faculties, that spring from
         | themselves, and lead to certain states of being that ultimately
         | lead to suffering. The key ones for this discussion are the
         | thinking mind (or in Thailand the monkey mind), which is what
         | we typically dwell in. It's the mind that tells stories about
         | the past and the future, where we talk with people in
         | conversations we won't have or wish we had had, where we
         | identify ourselves as being something specific. We also have a
         | feeling mind, or emotive mind. It doesn't form structured
         | thoughts like the thinking mind, but it creates impetus and
         | acts in a feedback loop with the thinking mind. A lot of our
         | misery comes from this feedback loop. We also have a sensate
         | mind, which is where we feel our body, all sensations but we
         | tend to focus our thinking and emotive mind on pleasurable and
         | unpleasant sensations.
         | 
         | In Theravada Buddhism these faculties are emergent but are not
         | true experience of our true selves. They are tools of our true
         | mind, but have become dominant and exclusionary, hiding our
         | true self. Our true self is our awareness, which exists without
         | thought or feelings, but is the source of all thoughts and
         | feelings. It constantly changes, it has no identity per se, but
         | it is not unconscious. It is where we actually are, all
         | thoughts exist in context of it, but it's thinking isn't
         | visible or directly experienced in the way thoughts or feelings
         | are.
         | 
         | People often find this confusing and find the admonition to not
         | think in vipassana meditation to mean erase all mental
         | existence and be a body without any being. That's actually not
         | at all the goal. The goal is to silence the mind that chatters
         | for a bit, the emotions that pull us and manipulate our
         | thoughts to sooth, so we can be aware of our awareness. You are
         | still fully awake - intensely so in fact. You still "feel," but
         | the feelings are compassion and loving kindness, and they're
         | not feelings that control you or make your sensate body feel
         | some experience (such as a tight chest or thrill) or capture
         | your chattering thoughts.
         | 
         | Eventually thoughts and feelings will intrude and the goal then
         | is to see them for what they are, facilities of your mind, and
         | to let them be there but don't let them capture your awareness
         | 
         | By practicing this in meditation you can bridge this state into
         | daily life. As you spend more time aware but not chattering
         | away, you are more in the present and in the immediate now. You
         | find you only feel compassion and loving kindness for all like,
         | and anger, hate, and fear are artifacts of those faculties.
         | They can be helpful in some situations, but they are fairly
         | rare situations. It feels strange at first to not be totally
         | enmeshed in your thoughts. At first I was afraid I would
         | disappear if I did this, sort of like the quote you have. But I
         | didn't. Who I wasn't disappeared, and I became myself for the
         | first time since I was a little child.
        
         | waterheater wrote:
         | > can we surmise that there is no need for an external chemical
         | to shut off the mind or to even alter the mental state of a
         | person?
         | 
         | That is exactly what the Gateway Hemisync process claims to
         | accomplish. See my post below for more information on it.
        
         | permo-w wrote:
         | I mean as I understand it one way of approaching meditation
         | looks like this: at first you just concentrate on your
         | breathing, avoiding extraneous thoughts, then once you can do
         | that without distraction, you move on and try to step back from
         | your thoughts, watching them arrive and letting them go.
         | 
         | once you can do that--something I could do after a few days of
         | practice--how far are you realistically from being able to not
         | have those thoughts at all? perhaps that's a huge leap, but I
         | would be surprised
        
       | sghiassy wrote:
       | Learning about neural networks has helped me understand
       | meditation better.
       | 
       | The 'bias' number fed into a neural network neuron is determined
       | by the external training data (or for humans by our experiences)
       | 
       | Meditation allows the neural network itself to reprogram its bias
       | itself internally rather than rely on new external data.
        
       | asimovfan wrote:
       | The revolution is coming.. I hope we don't melt to death before
       | 
       | I would recommend taking up studying the teachings of the Buddha.
       | There is a lot of valuable material and the hidden priceless gem
       | of awakening
        
       | nicechianti wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | johndhi wrote:
       | As a meditator, personally I'm a little sickened by the 'science
       | of meditation.' From my view, meditation is ultimately (or at
       | least often) about doing nothing. Limiting, reducing our
       | judgments and reasoning mind. So applying logic and benefits and
       | sticks and carrots to me is actually antithetical to the
       | practice.
       | 
       | E.g.: you're anxious and want to get better, so you obsess about
       | self-help and ways to get better. Some pop-sci author describes
       | meditation as one such path. You make it your new obsession and
       | think about how much you ought to be meditating but aren't. When
       | you're meditating, you worry that you aren't doing it right such
       | that you'll get the benefits.
       | 
       | There is of course an argument that this popsci helps bring
       | people to something that's good for them, and for this I guess
       | I'm ok with it. But it's annoying to me that meditation has
       | become part of the corporate capitalist moneymaking, anxiety-
       | provoking system that ultimately, it's actually completely
       | unrelated to.
        
       | waterheater wrote:
       | Edit: wow, apparently some people here really don't like Gateway
       | Hemisync. All I've tried to share source material on its claims
       | and make a plea for keeping an open mind. Perhaps those so
       | virulently opposed can find that open mind with meditation.
       | 
       | Recommend checking out the Koru system. It's an evidence-based
       | mindfulness system out of the Research Triangle.
       | 
       | Regardless, the Monroe Institute already performed groundbreaking
       | research in this area 50 years ago. I don't have a source at the
       | moment, but I remember reading that the Monroe Institute's
       | binaural beat audio programs creates brainwave patterns similar
       | to that of an advanced Buddhist monk in meditation.
       | 
       | Apparently, the Monroe Institute discovered that the elevated
       | mental states achieved by these monks is achieved with brain
       | hemisphere synchronization, which they call "Gateway Hemisync."
       | According to the Monroe Institute, "this process uses pulses of
       | sound to create in both brain hemispheres electrical wave forms
       | simultaneously equal in frequency and amplitude. The Institute
       | was granted a patent in 1975 based upon the use of such sound
       | pulses to induce a frequency following response (FFR) in the
       | human brain. The FFR demonstrates that when you hear a certain
       | type of sound, your brain tends to respond to, or resonate with,
       | that sound...Each ear sends its dominant nerve signal to the
       | opposite brain hemisphere...By sending separate sound pulses to
       | each ear (using stereo headphones to isolate one ear from the
       | other), the halves of the brain act in unison to "hear" a third
       | signal, which is the difference in frequencies between the two
       | signals in each ear" [1].
       | 
       | A group in the US Army performed a serious analysis of the
       | Gateway Hemisync process, concluding that "there is a sound,
       | rational basis in terms of physical science parameters for
       | considering Gateway to be plausible in terms of its essential
       | objectives", which include "out-of-body movement", "terrestrial
       | information gathering trips", and "possible encounters with
       | intelligent, non-corporal energy forms when time-space boundaries
       | are exceeded" [2].
       | 
       | The article is talking about scientific validation of meditation
       | and its outcomes. That's not to say we should blindly accept the
       | claims of those scientists, the Monroe Institute, or the US Army.
       | The key is to follow the evidence while remembering that greed
       | and prestige is what's causing the "McMindfulness" effect.
       | 
       | Smartphone apps will be most useful for personal guided
       | meditations, but they should be freely available.
       | 
       | [1] https://vdocuments.net/the-gateway-experience-guidance-
       | manua...
       | 
       | [2] https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-
       | RDP96-00788R0017002...
        
         | jules22 wrote:
         | > A group in the US Army performed a serious analysis of the
         | Gateway Hemisync process, concluding that "there is a sound,
         | rational basis in terms of physical science parameters for
         | considering Gateway to be plausible in terms of its essential
         | objectives", which include "out-of-body movement", "terrestrial
         | information gathering trips", and "possible encounters with
         | intelligent, non-corporal energy forms when time-space
         | boundaries are exceeded"
         | 
         | They concluded a lot of woo around when they were looking into
         | silly things such as Targ's Remote Viewing. All of that later
         | was revealed to be nonsense. Army and CIA, while are generally
         | rational, are not necessarily great at critical thinking or
         | science.
        
           | waterheater wrote:
           | Ah, you are referring to the SRI experiments, though I'm not
           | sure who "they" are. You should, however, be aware that the
           | Proceedings of the IEEE (Volume: 64, Issue: 10, October 1976)
           | contain a paper presenting the results of a remote-viewing
           | experiment with n=36 and p=0.0000006 [1].
           | 
           | Many people who purport to "love science" set aside how much
           | of one's understanding of the universe is axiomatic. Now,
           | I've never directly experienced time dilation, and I have
           | heard that GPS satellites have been created to take time
           | dilation effects into account. I have, however, experienced
           | and validated Newtonian dynamics (physics classes). In either
           | case, both Newtonian dynamics and time dilation were
           | presented to me as axiomatic; that is to say, I haven't
           | performed a full, independent derivation of these two ideas
           | of physics. However, I still accept that the general ideas
           | are sound. If a model of physics supports the idea of remote
           | viewing, so be it.
           | 
           | >Army and CIA, while are generally rational, are not
           | necessarily great at critical thinking or science.
           | 
           | That's funny to say, seeing as it's well-established that
           | military technology across all domains is significantly more
           | advanced than the average person's technology. As a small
           | example, neither one of us could make a stealth bomber
           | capable of dropping nuclear ordinance anywhere in the world
           | nor perform the required R&D to properly design one.
           | 
           | [1]: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1454638
        
             | jules22 wrote:
             | > As a small example, neither one of us could make a
             | stealth bomber capable of dropping nuclear ordinance
             | anywhere in the world nor perform the required R&D to
             | properly design one.
             | 
             | I never said they weren't good at tech and engineering.
             | Anyway, the army and CIA make none of those. They just
             | contract it out to Northrop or such, no? I haven't accused
             | defense contractors of paranormal pseudoscience.
        
             | fluoridation wrote:
             | _A_ paper from 1976 claims to have detected ESP in its
             | participants. The paper appears to have only been cited
             | twice since, both in 1979, one to explain the 1976 results
             | as experimental bias, and the other to report failure to
             | reproduce. I wouldn 't throw out my walkie-talkie just yet.
             | 
             | >If a model of physics supports the idea of remote viewing,
             | so be it.
             | 
             | Okay. What's that model? Are brains RF transceivers?
        
       | jules22 wrote:
       | Whenever someone talks enthusiastically about meditation, I
       | remind myself that all the popular meditation gurus I see on
       | Youtube talk nonsense, pseudoscience, lack common sense and use
       | manipulative psychological tricks. None of them admit any errors
       | and ironically are quite conceited for those who claim to have
       | conquered ego.
       | 
       | I am sure meditative states must feel nice. But all I see beyond
       | that are cults and none of the meditators seem that much at
       | detached peace. They get incensed at criticism.
        
         | swayvil wrote:
         | Ya, the meditation scene is 99.99% pure bullshit. And that's a
         | crime.
         | 
         | First job for anybody trying to figure out this stuff is to
         | scrape away the gunk and find a pearl of truth.
         | 
         | You have to do your own research. There is no substitute.
        
           | jules22 wrote:
           | > You have to do your own research.
           | 
           | Generally a bad idea. Usually leads to quackery,
           | pseudoscience beliefs etc. Individuals are much worse than
           | institutions on matters of research.
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | What's popular on YouTube and what's good are very often not
         | the same. You're seeing what YouTube is trying to optimize
         | for... it's not surprising that it's manipulative,
         | exaggerating, populist nonsense. YouTube could do this for
         | literally any topic. The YT algorithm's take on the best
         | meditation advice doesn't need to define what meditation is to
         | you. Topics which should be "boring" get this treatment on
         | social media. Find your information elsewhere or figure out how
         | to filter and ignore the nonsense.
        
           | jules22 wrote:
           | I don't disagree. This is hacker news. We all know how skewed
           | social media is. We all understand the biases of
           | recommendation algorithms.
           | 
           | However, my point is not one of presenting a representative
           | sample, but rather easily accessible and video instances of
           | highly visible subjects to illustrate.
           | 
           | There is plenty of scientific literature on meditation
           | induced mental disorders for what you prefer. I have looked
           | at that too.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | DrThunder wrote:
         | There are multiple scientific studies show the positive affects
         | of meditation and a myriad of health benefits....
         | 
         | I'm not sure what "gurus" you're seeing but it's not really
         | relevant to objective studies that show it works and makes
         | changes in the brain. I'm sure they are making some claims that
         | are pseudoscience, but that doesn't mean meditation in its
         | entirety is just a "feel nice" routine.
         | 
         | Here's just one of several I found in a quick search-
         | 
         | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4895748/
         | 
         | I think of meditation as exercise for your brain. Just like you
         | need to physically exercise to "prepare" your body you need to
         | be doing stuff to keep your brain from going haywire and
         | jumping from though to though like its hopped up on caffeine
         | all the time. There are various ways to do "train your brain"
         | but meditation/mindfulness is one very good way to do it.
        
           | tokai wrote:
           | There's also a lot of studies showing that meditation can
           | cause harm.
           | 
           | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12144-021-01503-2
        
             | DrThunder wrote:
             | True... but this lends credence to the fact that it's not
             | just a cult pseudoscience. It's actually having an effect
             | positive or negative on people.
        
               | jules22 wrote:
               | I did not argue that it was inert. I actually argued that
               | 
               | 1.) not really doing what enthusiasts claimed it was
               | specifically doing. 2.) making people become develop
               | bizarre beliefs and generally become irrational.
               | 
               | It can be a cult pseudoscience while not being inert.
        
               | jules22 wrote:
               | fixing terrible writing
               | 
               | 1.) meditation was not really always doing what
               | enthusiasts claimed it was doing.
               | 
               | 2.) it was making people develop bizarre beliefs and
               | generally become irrational.
        
           | jules22 wrote:
           | PMC has a lot of junk journals. Don't fall for them,
           | especially if you want to use "Dr" in your nick. Most
           | meditation research is rather low quality. Don't go around
           | just googling your confirmation bias. One would not regard
           | any journal on Ayurveda to have much scientific merit. It's
           | essentially quackery. Their standards for peer review are
           | low. This "paper" uses oxymorons such as "Vedic science".
           | 
           | Take this text for instance: "A feedback loop to the DNA
           | starts a new cycle to provide whatever is needed for the
           | activities of the cell. In meditation, the feedback loop to
           | the deep inner Self (the seat of knowledge, like DNA)
           | provides inner peace and bliss, which removes the accumulated
           | stresses of life and improves overall health."
           | 
           | That gibberish would be an instant reject from any serious
           | reviewer. This is not how science papers are written. This is
           | the snake oil of the meditation world I was talking about.
           | Minus the citations, this qualifies at best as a Facebook
           | post. This might be an example of how meditation makes an
           | educated man talk silly.
           | 
           | I also know several meditators. Anecdotally, not one improved
           | his powers of concentration with meditation. They
           | procrastinate and get distracted like everyone else, all
           | while claiming they feel so much focused after meditation.
           | Maybe, meditation makes them feel focused, while not actually
           | being so.
        
         | bsenftner wrote:
         | I've been meditating since the 70's. Nothing I see today exists
         | in the meditation world without a taint of snake oil and
         | predatory capitalism. We live in a conman's paradise.
        
       | FollowingTheDao wrote:
       | They want you to mediate so you can forget about the climate
       | emergency and the fact that capitalism is failing 99% of us in
       | the United States.
       | 
       | Mediation is opium, pure opium.
       | 
       | And I am saying this as a Doaist. Probably an ex-Daoist. Might
       | have to get a new handle soon.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-08-22 23:01 UTC)