[HN Gopher] A good measurement culture where numbers don't repla...
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       A good measurement culture where numbers don't replace common sense
        
       Author : atorok
       Score  : 449 points
       Date   : 2023-08-22 10:09 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (blog.promaton.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (blog.promaton.com)
        
       | 6stringmerc wrote:
       | KPIs are useful in context - to echo other valid points given
       | thus far. In a large scale business plan or proposal typically an
       | understanding of what is to be performed can be measured. SLAs
       | for uptime for you cloud dwellers. Are SLA metrics everything?
       | 
       | Also, when KPIs were hit in a time frame, who talks about 20% of
       | certain teams not being there anymore? I do agree past
       | performance is not a guarantee. It's kind of a dirty secret that
       | yes this sales document is truthful but it represents conditions
       | not current.
       | 
       | What is really destroying business in US corporations is woeful
       | understaffing in "gets things done" positions. Mostly due to Wall
       | St metrics. Book the sale then revenue and bonus...then get out
       | the kitty litter. It's been a race to the bottom for 10 years in
       | professional services and lower tier positions by the dozen.
       | 
       | Of course the new fad of "AI will make this more efficient with
       | fewer people!" appeals more than "wow we need bodies to move
       | figurative data boxes around...why don't they want shit wages
       | limited healthcare and terrible hours?" when talking to
       | investors.
       | 
       | This is simply a problem of engineering capital to Human
       | Resources but the invisible hand has been cuffed for so long
       | there really is no middle class anymore. The rich don't spend.
       | The poor spend all they have and because milk is fucking $5 a
       | gallon, gas is $3 here in Texas, and bills ain't getting cheaper
       | during 112 degree days - wanna know why the economy sucks?
       | 
       | When in lockdown basic income to not die or be evicted didn't
       | ruin society. Now that we're out of the pandemic it's forgotten.
       | I'm sure lobbyists will somehow change the lesson to be "we need
       | to buy guns from companies and give them out free that will solve
       | poverty" and Ted Cruz will be right there eating bacon off
       | their...
       | 
       | Businesses are self destructing. Not my monkey not my circus.
       | Cassandra out.
        
       | Hasz wrote:
       | Show me the incentives and I'll show you the results.
       | 
       | It's my favorite Munger quote, and it's a _really_ good one. So
       | often businesses invest so much time, effort, and money into
       | everything but incentives. No matter how much you spend on
       | culture, perks, diversity, swag etc, if the incentives are not
       | aligned to some over-arching goal internally, you will not get
       | the results you 're looking for.
       | 
       | Let me ground this in a concrete example. If your KPI is a
       | certain number of calls per day from a sales person, here's how
       | the most Machiavellian caller will hit it:
       | 
       | 1. Spend little time with good prospects (they're paid by call,
       | not by conversion!)
       | 
       | 2. Call old numbers/disconnected/rapid disconnects
       | 
       | 3. Call multiple numbers at once, reduce call quality etc.
       | 
       | For any other metric you pick (conversion rate, call time, etc)
       | there are similar schemes that have undesirable side effects.
       | Either you _very_ carefully build a composite framework of
       | incentives to use, or you take the index fund approach and
       | compensate on overall company performance (like a stock bonus,
       | profit bonuses, etc). Personally, I think the best option is
       | stock bonuses, but you may disagree.
       | 
       | Either way, getting those incentives right is absolutely key to
       | performance.
        
         | louwrentius wrote:
         | Stock bonus means:
         | 
         | 1. I have less control over my bonus
         | 
         | 2. My bonus depends on the performance of others
         | 
         | 3. I can just do the bare minimum and still get a good chunk
         | due to others
        
           | opportune wrote:
           | Sure, but it has plenty of other desirable outcomes (some of
           | which are more for your employer than you):
           | 
           | 1. There is a risk that the stock loses value but stocks
           | generally have positive EV.
           | 
           | 2. Since stocks vest over time there is some intrinsic value
           | in being able to simply walk away if the stock crashes
           | (dropping your comp going forward) but being able to stay if
           | the stock surged (greatly increasing your comp compared to
           | your market rate). It's kind of like having a long-dated
           | option.
           | 
           | 3. It generally takes months to a couple years for stocks to
           | change in value enough for it to put you over market rate. It
           | takes similar amounts of time for you to fully ramp up and
           | start adding value to the company. Generally you tend to get
           | into golden handcuff range right around the time you start
           | settling in. Getting paid above-market in a role where you're
           | doing well is great.
           | 
           | 4. You may not have enough influence to really move the stock
           | up but you often do have enough influence to move it down
           | (like being sloppy or doing something destructive like
           | leaking).
           | 
           | 5. From the employer perspective, aligning your financial
           | interests with the board/founders/investors/execs probably
           | means you're unlikely to try to unionize or get angry at the
           | company when it gives you only a 5% salary bump in a year
           | where the stock increased 100%. Generally speaking the
           | worker:exec relationship is less combative since there's less
           | of a conflict of interests. As an employee there are nice
           | aspects of this, like the whole company having a more
           | collegiate or team-like atmosphere.
        
           | Hasz wrote:
           | Correct, certainly not perfect. I actually view 1,2 as
           | features, and 3 as preferable to some of the active harm that
           | comes with other incentives. You could reject that and
           | optimize on something else.
           | 
           | The goal is really to understand the impacts of whatever
           | incentives you choose. I don't think there is a side-effect
           | free incentive.
        
       | octacat wrote:
       | KPI/OKR stop working once workers starting to optimize for KPIs,
       | ignoring stuff like quality of code or the mood in the team (is
       | it supportive or is it till burnout?). Especially cool when
       | companies put generalised goals, and the product development has
       | different goals. For example, if we wanna improve the loading
       | time of the site overall, we could just completely ban the
       | slowest clients (problem "solved", KPI improved).
        
         | ethanbond wrote:
         | This is why experienced managers should consider, "what's a way
         | we might superficially achieve this while yielding neutral or
         | negative actual results?" and then set up more KPIs to detect
         | _that_ happening.
         | 
         | It'll never be perfect, but it's probably better than nothing.
         | Company-destructive assholes and metric-gamers can run their
         | playbooks with or without KPIs or OKR:
        
           | octacat wrote:
           | Who has said metric-gamers would be so obvious? "Add more
           | KPIs" - yea, only benefits the metric-gamers actually. The
           | regular workers would be more annoyed and distracted. Do we
           | focus on the sprint and tasks in it? Or do we focus on 10 new
           | KPIs?
        
             | ethanbond wrote:
             | Well if you want to just complete tasks then go ahead and
             | do that. If you want your business to succeed it's pretty
             | important that the task-doing is producing positive results
             | for the business overall (which is what KPIs imperfectly
             | try to measure).
             | 
             | "Ha, you want a brake _and_ a steering wheel? Those are
             | annoying and distracting, do we push the gas pedal or not?"
             | 
             | Yeah it's complicated but all these components are
             | necessary.
        
       | ericls wrote:
       | I think KPI on itself is fine, it's basically the goal of the
       | game you are playing, defining it clearly should help. However,
       | it never make sense to to have multiple KPIs, everything should
       | be derived from a single KPI.
       | 
       | This actually give KPI some weight, because it literally defines
       | what you do. Whenever you define you KPI, you'd think, "okay, is
       | this all that I'm doing now?". And whenever you change your KPI,
       | you'd be thinking, "okay, should I abandon the last game I played
       | and play a new one?".
        
       | bregma wrote:
       | This is a corollary of the phenomenon I've dubbed "spreadsheet
       | reality". I have noticed that ever since the advent of the
       | spreadsheet the numbers in the pivot table are more real to
       | decision makers than what's going on outside their office door.
       | It's just so easy to tweak a few numbers in a cell in VisiCalc or
       | its descendents to get the results you're looking for on the
       | bottom line. So what if that means destroying the lives of a few
       | thousand (now former) employees?
       | 
       | The development of the spreadsheet was the beginning of the end.
        
       | klooney wrote:
       | Seeing Like A State is the most important business book.
        
         | datadrivenangel wrote:
         | Legibility even at the cost of the things you want!
        
         | philipodonnell wrote:
         | The forestry allegory is so relevant to what we go through in
         | enterprise data. I recommend this book all the time to
         | understand the motivations behind it.
        
       | msvana wrote:
       | This is a difficult topic especially when it comes to public
       | finance.
       | 
       | An example: I live in Czechia and our universities are mostly
       | publicly funded. In an ideal scenario resources should be
       | allocated to achieve some noble but vague goal - to have a have
       | population as well educated as possible, while also doing it
       | efficiently in terms of money and time. But how should we divide
       | the money available between different universities to achieve
       | this goal?
       | 
       | One of the most important factors currently used is the number of
       | students studying at each university. But this indicator leads to
       | weird behavior. The universities start to favor quantity over
       | quality. They might, for example make the exams easier to keep
       | weaker students around. Or they might admit more students than
       | teachers can reasonably handle.
       | 
       | You could choose a different metric and solve this issue, but
       | most likely some other damaging behavior will replace the
       | previous one. At the same time, relying on intuition might not
       | play well with the current push for governmental transparency. It
       | would require an enlightened incorruptible leader to make the
       | decisions. And the public might demand objectivity.
       | 
       | It's a difficult problem.
        
       | rdsubhas wrote:
       | I would add a root cause to this:
       | 
       | KPIs are fine when treated as health indicators. You can deliver
       | a feature, and then watch over a good period of time whether the
       | health improves. This "good period of time" can be months, or for
       | something that's intuitive - e.g. you're launching a feature to
       | be on parity or enter a new market or catch up with a competitor
       | - this can take YEARS for your customers to understand and move
       | closer to your product.
       | 
       | What backfires is, using KPIs as quarterly goals. Imagine this,
       | you launch a feature and expect within the quarter that this
       | feature is going to grab X% of your competitor market share
       | (beautifully expressed as "increases X business by Y%"). This is
       | where it starts to fall apart. Things that are human intuitive
       | for the product (common sense market features, foundational work,
       | new market launches) - will never get prioritized because they
       | won't move a number _in that quarter_.
       | 
       | Using KPIs as development cycle goals are destroying businesses.
       | KPIs are fine as health indicators.
       | 
       | The problem is, using KPIs as health indicators - works only with
       | the kind of environment where: Teams after healthy discussions
       | can trust and commit to delivering features - and somebody takes
       | accountability for the KPIs asynchronously behind the scenes.
       | Where a shepherd steps up and says, "I approved the features last
       | year, I take responsibility if they all didn't change our
       | trajectory, some did, some didn't". Today's adoption of KPIs is
       | an "empowerment" trend, where managers figured out - teams are
       | delivering features and I'm answering KPIs, why do this
       | roundabout, let me just pass on the entire KPIs to the team,
       | problem solved! "I forwarded the KPIs to my team and they
       | committed to doing these features, I did my job, the team is not
       | performing". The path to hell is paved with good intentions, but
       | there are also nefarious habits.
        
         | jandrese wrote:
         | "When a metric becomes a target it fails to be a good metric"
         | 
         | https://www.mrowe.co.za/blog/2019/11/when-a-metric-becomes-a...
        
       | jgeada wrote:
       | Professional managers, particularly American MBA types is what
       | destroys businesses. Not KPIs, Agile, Scrum or whatever the fad
       | of the moment to blame may be.
       | 
       | Management is a service task, it does not produce value itself.
       | Good management is important to prioritize, allocate resources
       | and resolve conflicts. But that is not how MBAs seem themselves,
       | they see themselves as the most important thing around, they're
       | the ones in charge after all. And damn physics and reality, the
       | spreadsheets say you can get get a baby out in a month if you use
       | 9 women to do it. Soon management captures all the attention and
       | sucks away all the money, and shortly thereafter end up with a
       | moribund shell of the former company. You can tell how close to
       | moribund a company is by looking at the manager to worker ratio.
       | Get out of there once it climbs much above 1 to 10.
       | 
       | There are good managers around, but they're almost as rare as
       | unicorns.
        
         | ldjkfkdsjnv wrote:
         | I've worked at many top big tech firms. Encountered very few
         | "American MBAs", at this point it feels like a mythical
         | unicorn. Alot/Most of tech companies are ran by ex-engineer
         | H1Bs
        
           | opportune wrote:
           | They are relatively rare in big tech, and the culture of
           | being nominally "anti MBA" is pretty aggressive in big tech,
           | but there are a lot of them still there. I think there is
           | some bias to not notice them because usually middle and upper
           | management at big tech are the movers and shakers of 20 years
           | ago during dotcom and such when the companies were growing
           | rapidly and SV was a lot less corporate. And if you're a
           | peon, you probably don't interact with management much beyond
           | your director, which IMO tends to be a soft ceiling for
           | advancement for technical non-mba types these days.
           | 
           | It's pretty common ATM for product managers to not have
           | direct programming or software backgrounds and instead have a
           | career like "MBB consultant -> MBA -> product manager". Big
           | tech companies also insource a lot of "strategy consulting"
           | which are MBA types. And marketing/biz dev have plenty of
           | MBAs too.
           | 
           | While someone like a "director of engineering" probably
           | doesn't have an MBA, there's a good chance their boss does
           | (especially since these days VPs seem to mostly be former
           | product managers rather than former software engineers).
           | 
           | By the way, Tim Cook, Satya Nadella, Sundar Pichai, Andrew
           | Jassy, and Cheryl Sandberg all have American MBAs.
        
           | alecco wrote:
           | I wonder how many of those went to get an MBA. That's the
           | point of this masters, giving management knowledge to people
           | with non-management degree. Like engineering + MBA ->
           | promotion. I've worked for companies who pay MBAs for
           | employees who are on-track to management.
        
           | jgeada wrote:
           | Most managers I encountered sooner or later would get an MBA,
           | particularly as they made it further up the corporate ladder.
           | Yes, it makes sense to get the specialized training being
           | management needs, but an MBA almost never is that training.
           | 
           | And re ex-engineer H1Bs: just because you used to be an
           | individual contributor before becoming management does not
           | imply you retain your individual contributor skills nor that
           | you'll be a good manager.
           | 
           | Most people across my career that became managers did so
           | because the pay was better, workload was lower and promotion
           | ladder more straightforward. Worst managers were usually the
           | type that expected and demanded to be management after X
           | years as an individual contributor; this is particularly true
           | of people from some countries, where it is culturally
           | expected that you'll be a manager within at most 10 years of
           | starting.
           | 
           | Most companies do treat moving to the management ladder as a
           | promotion, which create all sorts of perverse incentives for
           | many to become managers. Reminds me of a blog from a few
           | years back:
           | 
           | https://charity.wtf/2020/09/06/if-management-isnt-a-
           | promotio...
        
         | nine_zeros wrote:
         | You have described my company's progression to a T. As soon as
         | management empires got built, we lost focus and the entire job
         | was just playing management games. Managers wanted better
         | ratings than perf managers, so they ran their engineers to the
         | ground.
         | 
         | Scoping was whatever manager decided the right scope and
         | timeline was.
         | 
         | It's almost embarrassing to see it in action. I am embarrassed
         | that I am being asked to toil and grind for such stupidity.
        
       | drawkbox wrote:
       | Metrics don't tell the full story and should only be a read, not
       | the direction. Project management and customer needs or product
       | needs should be the driver. We are at the point now where the
       | KPIs have the wheel.
       | 
       | If they were just called metrics in most companies and not Key
       | Performance Indicators (KPI), then they would get less focus.
       | KPIs has been a heavy consultant pushed term but they are just
       | metrics, they should never been seen as how to create value and
       | develop a product.
       | 
       | People love to say "KPI" as much as "Agile" and "velocity"
       | nowadays, both have been horribly twisted and ruin agility and
       | value creation over value extraction. They need to be generic
       | again... metrics, agility, delivery and usability.
       | 
       | When metrics are all you measure, you end up with problems [1]
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performance_indicator#Problems
        
       | the_af wrote:
       | The title HN chose is puzzling. It's not at all the title of the
       | article, which is far less negative about KPIs: "How to avoid KPI
       | psychosis in your organization?". And, in fact, the article talks
       | about how to use KPIs with common sense, and never claims they
       | are destroying businesses.
       | 
       | I wonder what's the reason for this clickbait title?
        
       | joshstrange wrote:
       | KPIs are such an incredible waste of time. At my last job out
       | team was tasked with coming up with 5 KPIs, that alone took many
       | hours of discussion (times 6+ people) and then to implement the
       | KPI reporting we would have to start logging/recording a ton more
       | data (manually, in JIRA). On top of that we had to write code to
       | pull that data from JIRA so it could spit out the KPI number.
       | 
       | After all of this I once again pointed out how useless and stupid
       | the whole process was and how easy to game it was. We could
       | easily lie in our scripts if we wanted to, it wasn't like
       | management was capable of checking, and it was going to encourage
       | reclassifying/hiding certain bugs (hard issues) and pretending
       | other things were bugs (small changes/minor feature requests) to
       | juice the numbers.
       | 
       | The whole processes took a _ton_ of time and in the end I never
       | heard another department's KPI numbers (we were told every dept
       | was doing it and we would all report monthly for the whole
       | company to see) and I'm fairly certain it fizzled out though I
       | left shortly after that.
        
         | itsoktocry wrote:
         | > _We could easily lie in our scripts if we wanted to, it wasn
         | 't like management was capable of checking, and it was going to
         | encourage reclassifying/hiding certain bugs (hard issues) and
         | pretending other things were bugs (small changes/minor feature
         | requests) to juice the numbers._
         | 
         | But _why would you do this_???
         | 
         | Holy cow, some of these comments. As someone fixing bugs, why
         | would you not be interested in the classification, status and
         | tracking of bug-related data? Why would your first instinct be
         | to _lie_ about what 's happening with the business? To what
         | end?
         | 
         | Honestly, this thread has me wondering if the average worker
         | does so little that they see KPIs as a way of being
         | accountable, and don't want that in any manner.
        
           | polonbike wrote:
           | I think op is saying that he is gaming the stupid system, to
           | be a bit less stupid and unfair. Not that he wants to cheat
           | or not fix issues. Classifications of issues is indeed
           | important, but if management is not playing a fair game, then
           | neither am I, while still doing my job, tracking and fixing
           | bugs efficiently
        
           | tuckerpo wrote:
           | Humans are lazy. Most take the path of least resistance.
           | You're incentivized to hit a goal - if you can hit that goal
           | with minimal effort by obfuscating or exaggerating to naive
           | management, why wouldn't you? You're just an IC, a worker
           | bee, you probably don't have equity or any real ties to the
           | company's overall success (which isn't an engineer's job to
           | define in the first place).
        
           | mholm wrote:
           | > Why would your first instinct be to lie about what's
           | happening with the business? To what end?
           | 
           | If your compensation or continued employment is tied to
           | metrics, especially metrics that aren't inherently valuable,
           | then there's much more incentive to game/fudge them than to
           | do the work to actually resolve them.
        
           | pathartl wrote:
           | The article touches on this somewhat. If you tie any sort of
           | monetary benefit to KPI results, you've created an incentive
           | to either game the system or lie. If you lose the context of
           | the work by trying to simplify metrics and then base people's
           | worth on those metrics, people aren't going to care as much
           | about the quality of their work.
        
           | pnt12 wrote:
           | Grug find bug, Grug beaten with club. Grug no find bug, Grug
           | no beaten with club.
           | 
           | Grug work hard for own KPI: amount of times not beaten with
           | club.
        
           | apexalpha wrote:
           | We have this at our job too.
           | 
           | We do pentesting to prevent us having vulnerabilities and
           | maybe even be hacked.
           | 
           | But then the new manager wanted a KPI. In their infinite
           | wisdom the management people decided that "Cost saved by
           | preventing a hack, in Euros per product" was going to be the
           | KPI.
           | 
           | So now a bunch of pentesters have to try and estimate what
           | the impact of a potential, never happening (because we found
           | it) vulnerability would have been on our company, if
           | exploited by a malicious actor.
           | 
           | After a while of guesstimating this they started giving us
           | flack for the number going down. We tried explaining over and
           | over again that this makes no sense as a KPI. We're just
           | guessing essentially. But no, they want the KPI and they
           | shall get the KPI.
           | 
           | So now we just guesstimate the potential cost a little higher
           | every month, but not too much.
        
             | mejutoco wrote:
             | I cannot understand why there are not 3 or 4 categories of
             | incidence severity (user data exposed, etc. I think there
             | is a standard or multiple) and management maps each of
             | those to a quantity in euros. Then everyone would get what
             | they want, since it is just an estimate.
        
               | apexalpha wrote:
               | There's a standard for this called CVSS. We pointed it
               | out but it gives a scale 1-10. And they really wanted EUR
               | KPI.
               | 
               | Oh well.
        
         | zerkten wrote:
         | It sounds like you have a dysfunctional organisation as much as
         | KPIs are a problem. KPIs and everything around them have been
         | studied to death in more than the last 40 years, so there
         | should be few surprises around when they are useful or not.
         | People and politics are the constant so we never get away from
         | organisations like the one you describe.
        
           | fendy3002 wrote:
           | Here's a good Q&A as well as links to some good reads there:
           | https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1168131/how-to-
           | measure-s...
           | 
           | KPIs (as a target) are undoubtedly good for something that's
           | directly benefit the company (with the caveat of long or
           | short period), and the task is static. This is good for 40
           | years ago where factory worker are a thing, which nowadays,
           | those good KPIs are mostly replaced with machine
           | specifications.
           | 
           | What those people's complaining about the KPIs are for
           | knowledge tasks, usually software development, where it's
           | full of uncertainty and almost impossible to estimate (see
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hofstadter's_law). If you
           | can't estimate the work, how can you make targets? You can
           | only measure it and hope that the measurement can help for
           | future estimation.
        
             | zerkten wrote:
             | I think the first thing you need to do is get out of the
             | programmer mindset. The problem you are solving may be
             | closer to resolving the anxiety of leadership, or build
             | confidence. In reality, the situation is complex and our
             | responses may undermine confidence and drive anxiety at
             | different rates with different stakeholders If you ask some
             | folks from other fields to read the StackOverflow link you
             | shared, they'd provide some insights that aren't fully
             | explored.
             | 
             | I don't think you can get there with KPIs, but at the same
             | time, you can't completely discard methods like these which
             | have some level of credibility with other stakeholders. As
             | evidenced by many conversations on this topic involving
             | programmers, KPIs get completely thrown out, or worse,
             | undermined. Insufficient time and effort is given to
             | actually making the leap to something that might be useful
             | sustainable. Hence, many places never break away from KPIs
             | and the complaints keep coming.
             | 
             | Measurement without particular targets can be quite useful
             | when the organization is open to sharing data without
             | punitive responses. This gives you different axes to
             | explore with regards performance so that you can shape your
             | messaging around performance provided you can contextualize
             | it.
             | 
             | EDIT: My personal philosophy on how strategy should work
             | and be implemented is closer to that of Mintzberg
             | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Mintzberg) than
             | Porter.
        
       | anoy8888 wrote:
       | Another hard question is how do measure people performance since
       | kpi is not the best tool ?
        
       | dragonwriter wrote:
       | The level of certainty you need to have that a measure captures
       | all and only what is important varies with how much weight is
       | given to it. When it becomes a key and decisive factor in
       | evaluating individual and/or unit performance, tied to reward and
       | punishment, the required certainty is near unity, because you are
       | very strongly creating an incentive structure which will exhibit
       | Goodhart's Law if it isn't perfectly aligned with your actual
       | intent.
       | 
       | Things that make tolerable broad status indicators make horrible
       | KPIs for that reason.
        
       | ianai wrote:
       | I'm reminded of the philosophy of science, I think. Math in
       | general is very powerful and effective at modeling the phenomena
       | of the universe. But it's generally not enough to simply show
       | math notation to demonstrate knowledge nor come up with
       | scientific hypotheses. Proofs can't be written solely in the
       | language of the system. There's got to be some base intuition to
       | a hypothesis stemming from some prior experience of the
       | phenomenon under consideration.
       | 
       | (Yes, much of the standard model and modern computational science
       | muddies this point. That's illustrative and worth contemplation.
       | Obviously, such are only as good as their data and calculations
       | agree with reality.)
        
         | opensource4ever wrote:
         | in academia that is divided into quantitative vs qualitative.
         | While most of my earlier few decades of my live have being
         | focused on quantitative part, more and more as I age do I begin
         | to value the qualitative part more and more. Often performances
         | of company, organizations and individuals are not measurable in
         | quantitative ways.
        
       | hliyan wrote:
       | In the last engineering team I managed (by far the most
       | successful one up to date), we discarded most velocity measures
       | in favour of a simple solution: every Friday, each team sends a
       | brief "here's what we delivered this week" email to the whole
       | company. It contains some screenshots and instructions like
       | "agents can now update the foobar rate from their mobile app
       | without having to call in". After a month or two of these going
       | out like clockwork, it gave both management and business
       | stakeholders a level of comfort that no amount of KPI dashboards
       | ever could. KPIs compress away details that stakeholders need to
       | form an understanding. A full blast from the task tracker is
       | overkill. This solution worked for us. But of course, required a
       | solid feature flag practice so that half-built features (story
       | slices) could be released weekly for testing without affecting
       | production. That said, we did maintain a quarter-level sum-of-t-
       | shirt-size based KPI.
        
         | mdorazio wrote:
         | How did the team report out things that weren't new features?
         | Performance improvements and bug fixes are often more important
         | than adding more stuff to the product.
        
           | darkwater wrote:
           | Not GP but what about:
           | 
           | - Improved p50 latency of endpoint /very/important/endpoint
           | by 22% [attached mini-graph showing the change]
           | 
           | - Fixed this bug that had been reported by 37 clients in the
           | last 30 days as seldomly affecting them
           | 
           | etc
        
           | yurishimo wrote:
           | I had a similar report structure, and generally we would
           | relay the same information. "Here's a graph of measurements
           | from before and after the code change, showing a 20%
           | reduction in resources saving us $X/year".
           | 
           | Generally that was good enough.
        
             | mdorazio wrote:
             | I like this approach with a graph. In the past I've run
             | into people ignoring text bullets about the "boring"
             | development wins.
        
           | cookie_monsta wrote:
           | Is there some reason you can't report on performance
           | improvements and bug fixes?
        
             | feoren wrote:
             | Because a shiny new feature that takes 1/10th of the time
             | gets 10x more praise and attention.
             | 
             | Because naive senior vice president MBAs believe there
             | never should have been bugs in the first place, and every
             | fix is an admission that the bug existed at all.
             | 
             | Because every email is now a weekly contest between teams,
             | and when hard times come the ones who reported on
             | performance improvements and bug fixes will lose their jobs
             | long before the ones who made the header the president's
             | favorite color.
             | 
             | Because every email is your team trying to convince the
             | company of your own worth and it's much harder to show a
             | pretty screenshot of a performance improvement than a new
             | feature (Graphs of before/after performance every week?
             | Every _week_?)
             | 
             | Because bugs don't always follow your bullshit schedule
             | made by a bullshit manager who is looking for a pat on the
             | back by replacing bullshit A with bullshit B, instead of
             | anyone anywhere in the company ever just _trusting anyone_.
        
             | itsoktocry wrote:
             | > _Is there some reason you can 't report on performance
             | improvements and bug fixes?_
             | 
             | Exactly. What does "performance improvement" even mean if
             | you aren't measuring performance before and after?
        
           | hliyan wrote:
           | E.g. "Foobar page for lists larger than 1000 now load in
           | under 3 seconds, down from 10 earlier", "You no longer have
           | to log out and login again when we update config Y", "Now
           | when you report money mismatches, you no longer have to send
           | screen shots (we have added logs)" etc.
        
         | Aurornis wrote:
         | I've watched this backfire, too.
         | 
         | It works great when everyone is delivering day-long or week-
         | long incremental features that lend themselves to nice
         | screenshots.
         | 
         | But then you slowly start accumulating a backlog of difficult
         | tasks that everyone avoids because they won't sound good for
         | the week. Technical debt accumulates as people cut corners in
         | the interest of getting their weekly presentations out.
         | 
         | You can theoretically avoid it with enough trust, but the
         | trigger for our collapse was a round of layoffs where the
         | people with the most visible features were spared while people
         | working on important backend work and bug fixes got cut. After
         | that, it was game over.
        
           | spacemadness wrote:
           | Yes, our team asks for demos every sprint which I find to be
           | dumb and a remnant of every sprint needing a MVP when in
           | practice that is just hilariously naive. Especially
           | considering a screen that took 10 minutes to make is
           | considered much more interesting than code that is more
           | detailed really doesn't lend itself to a "demo."
        
           | osigurdson wrote:
           | This is why management needs to be technical. Otherwise you
           | just end up with feature, feature, feature ... death.
        
             | manvillej wrote:
             | This is why management needs to be competent. Average CEO
             | is 58 years old. Their first jobs were in the late 1980s.
             | 
             | The economics and tactics around technology has been
             | revolutionized a dozen times over in the last 4 decades.
             | Now, maybe a few rare individuals have kept up, but most
             | likely, they all rely on outdated strategies from out of
             | touch MBA programs & buzz words.
             | 
             | Its the same reason the market kills public technology
             | companies' innovation and they rely on acquisition.
             | 
             | Its like gunpowder has just been invented and leadership
             | still wants large formations marching against each other.
             | "what if we invested in medical training and add washing
             | our hands so we can keep more people alive?" "nah, more
             | guns and marching"
        
               | dagw wrote:
               | Maybe it's just me, but basically all the best senior
               | managers I've had have been in their 50s and with plenty
               | of experience under their belt. I've had one or two in
               | their late 60s who where starting to lose touch with the
               | field, but most managers in their 50s I've found have
               | kept up pretty well.
        
               | no_wizard wrote:
               | Funnily enough, the best managers I've had are all in the
               | late 40s - mid 50s that all did 20 years in the
               | "trenches" and decided that management was the new path
               | forward for them as they started to prefer people work to
               | technical work.
               | 
               | I think its work experience that matters most with
               | management. You need folks who are people oriented but
               | understand the job that the folks they manage are doing,
               | and the challenges that come with it, both obvious and
               | non obvious, and can communicate the importance of such
               | work to the broader organization
        
               | gopher_space wrote:
               | There was an article posted here a month or so ago about
               | how this guy was seeing a new class of worker emerge who
               | both understood the necessity of absorbing knowledge from
               | other domains and enjoyed the process. It reminded me of
               | a dev I worked with who'd go on smoke breaks with the art
               | department and then change data structures we'd been
               | using forever.
        
               | QuercusMax wrote:
               | I assume these "smoke breaks with the art department"
               | involved more than just tobacco.... :D
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | I was under the assumption this type of worker is what
               | dominated before the industrial revolution constrained
               | people to a small domain in a process. Some may call it
               | artisan, dilettante, etc. Maybe the narrow-domain
               | specialist was the anomaly and not the rule when we
               | expand our lens across history.
        
               | unoti wrote:
               | You had me with competence, but you lost me with blatant
               | ageism
        
               | xapata wrote:
               | Your gunpowder and large formations metaphor doesn't
               | hold. People aren't idiots, on the whole. Do a little
               | more military history research.
        
               | _jal wrote:
               | > The economics and tactics around technology has been
               | revolutionized a dozen times over in the last 4 decades.
               | Now, maybe a few rare individuals have kept up, but most
               | likely, they all rely on outdated strategies from out of
               | touch MBA programs & buzz words.
               | 
               | Ah, the cult of youth. It is cute, when it isn't killing
               | startups with rookie moves.
               | 
               | It almost sounds like you think management is something
               | like practicing law - like there's a set of rules that
               | are revised on a schedule and they need CLE credits to
               | keep them current.
        
               | askafriend wrote:
               | This says more about the kind of places you've worked
               | than anything else.
        
               | pyrale wrote:
               | > Its like gunpowder has just been invented and
               | leadership still wants large formations marching against
               | each other.
               | 
               | Incidentally, marching large formations against each
               | other has been the dominant strategy for most of
               | Gunpowder's history. Only in the last 150 years did guns
               | become lethal enough to make this a bad idea.
        
               | chinchilla2020 wrote:
               | Reminds me of the ill-fated cavalry charges in WW2. Many
               | older officers insisted that "the fundamentals of war are
               | the same" despite new technology.
               | 
               | I can imagine a modern tech leader living in those times
               | and giving the orders to charge the German panzer
               | formation, sabers overhead.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | > _Its the same reason the market kills public technology
               | companies ' innovation and they rely on acquisition._
               | 
               | The counter-theory is that as companies mature, they have
               | to devote a disproportionate amount of time to
               | maintenance. From that perspective, it's a risk-based
               | approach to maintain the products and services that
               | already have a market and instead effectively out-source
               | the high risk operations of innovation. New companies
               | don't have comparatively much to maintain, so they can
               | focus on innovation. It's not quite such an either-or,
               | but a balancing act. It's just easier to balance when you
               | can outsource risk.
               | 
               | > _Average CEO is 58 years old. Their first jobs were in
               | the late 1980s._
               | 
               | I believe there's some neuroscience theory that may
               | illuminate this. When we're young, our intelligence is
               | more plastic and can more readily innovate. But as we get
               | older it becomes more crystalline. What we may lose some
               | of that novelty generation, we can gain in understanding
               | the greater levels of experience. Experience is necessary
               | for putting ideas in their appropriate context. I would
               | argue that understanding context is more important at
               | high, strategic-level positions.
        
             | pydry wrote:
             | I find management only really ends up being a problem if
             | they get too deeply involved in the contents of technical
             | quality work. If they're limited to budget allocation it's
             | actually better to have them involved.
             | 
             | I almost always tell management that by default I'm
             | spending, say, 30% of my time on technical quality and ask
             | if they'd like to dial it up or down temporarily because of
             | a holiday or a deadline they can. I will track this and
             | show it to whomever asks (e.g. their boss and boss's boss
             | might be interested if they've explicitly asked for 8
             | straight weeks of 0% work on quality).
        
             | neon_electro wrote:
             | Even technical management can succumb to this. Agreed with
             | most of the replies to your comment.
        
             | javajosh wrote:
             | Technical and smart. Otherwise you end up with fix tech
             | debt, fix tech debt, fix tech debt ...death.
        
               | kaashif wrote:
               | I have also seen refactor, refactor, refactor, oh
               | actually it's now no better than before. Whoops!
               | 
               | It's like imaginary tech debt.
        
               | javajosh wrote:
               | Or even worse than before - and the sad part is that no-
               | one intended that to happen. All bespoke software is
               | effectively an experiment that may fail. I've become a
               | lot more wary of the "failure is good" mantra that SV is
               | famous for - it's not good in a zero-sum game where labor
               | is spent on stuff that gives no value, and refactoring
               | for DX is definitely expensive but only possibly
               | valuable.
        
           | the_snooze wrote:
           | >You can theoretically avoid it with enough trust
           | 
           | I think it ultimately comes down to human values. What's
           | important to the founders and the team? Do they have a clear
           | articulation of those values? KPIs are useful if they're
           | grounded in values that the organization absolutely won't
           | compromise on; KPIs should be a means to an end, not the end
           | themselves.
           | 
           | Whether those values are "we want to make the most money" or
           | "we want to make customers happy" or "we want a sustainable
           | lifestyle for our team," KPIs will only help you pursue them,
           | not define or prioritize them.
        
           | ChrisCinelli wrote:
           | When you give people a target and it is the ONLY thing they
           | care about, people find a way to hit it.
           | 
           | So be careful what you measure and you reward.
           | 
           | For every company cash flow and profits are undoubtedly the
           | most important metric. It is almost impossible to argue that
           | maximize those numbers should NOT be a goal.
           | 
           | At the same time when that becomes the ONLY target that
           | matters, the consequences are dreadful.
           | 
           | At least in US, that is how we ended up with appliances that
           | only last a small fraction of time that used to last 40 years
           | ago.
           | 
           | And even worse it is how we ended up with the food industry
           | creating more and more addicting food resulting in 70% of the
           | population be obese. And it is how we ended up with a heath
           | system that costs multiples of what costs in any other
           | country in the world, that, instead of healing people for
           | good, make them "less sick" addicting them to a few pills for
           | the rest of their life. Because there is no money to be made
           | with a healthy person.
           | 
           | When you build KPIs, make sure you "think a few moves ahead"
           | and you put other correcting metrics and checks in place. At
           | least make sure who establishes the metrics has a way to
           | become aware of the possible shortcomings and plan
           | corrections in a timely manner.
        
             | HWR_14 wrote:
             | > For every company cash flow and profits are undoubtedly
             | the most important metric. It is almost impossible to argue
             | that maximize those numbers should NOT be a goal.
             | 
             | Except for VC backed startups. Actually, there are a lot of
             | exceptions. But those mostly revolve around caveats
             | surrounding riskiness and timelines.
        
           | ChrisCinelli wrote:
           | Without an outstanding company culture, most KPIs are almost
           | useless.
           | 
           | While working at a big corporation we had a velocity
           | initiative supposedly aimed to lead the company toward
           | continuous integration.
           | 
           | "How long a PR stays open" was one of the KPIs in a
           | dashboard.
           | 
           | I said: "Be careful with that!"
           | 
           | People started to close PRs and reopen new PRs with the same
           | code.
           | 
           | Middle managers and sometimes the person in the division that
           | was the point of contact for the velocity initiative were
           | asking to do that.
           | 
           | The script measuring this KPI was improved to look at the
           | branch name and the code diff. Result? People changing branch
           | name and a change of EOL encoding in the new PR.
           | 
           | Learnings? B and C players with questionable ethics screw
           | companies quite rapidly.
           | 
           | In this climate KPIs and aligning them with company values is
           | futile.
        
             | icedchai wrote:
             | Yep, I worked at a place that was focused on everyone
             | completing 100% of their jira tickets each sprint, just to
             | get the metrics up. You didn't have to actually finish, it
             | just had to _look_ like you did to the bean counters.
             | 
             | If end of sprint came and you weren't done, the manager
             | would close out the ticket, then reopen another similar one
             | named "Module phase 2" or something similar for next
             | sprint. One guy was an expert at gaming the system, and his
             | ticket got closed and opened anew for about 3 or 4 sprints.
        
             | asdfman123 wrote:
             | > Learnings? B and C players with questionable ethics screw
             | companies quite rapidly.
             | 
             | No one should be surprised when employees respond to
             | incentives, and blaming them seems a clear indicator of
             | managerial failure: failure to tend to morale, failure to
             | reward actually useful behavior, failure to articulate a
             | vision.
        
             | rented_mule wrote:
             | When I worked at a FAANG ~15 years ago, a new VP came in
             | and heard, correctly, that our group didn't have enough
             | automated tests. He created a requirement that every
             | developer commit two new tests to the code base every
             | workday. He had automation put in to monitor our
             | compliance.
             | 
             | Within a couple of weeks, scripts were circulating to auto-
             | generate and auto-commit tests. If the JVM we were using
             | had a bug in adding random numbers together, we'd have
             | known about it _very_ quickly.
             | 
             | That's about the time I decided I should move on. I'm glad
             | I did. The company I joined treated developers like adults
             | and developers acted like adults. And we had great
             | automated test coverage.
             | 
             | Obligatory mention:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goodhart%27s_law
        
               | networkchad wrote:
               | I've often wondered what is the solution to Goodhart's
               | law. Obviously a business can't abandon metrics. Perhaps
               | this is where qualitative management skills come into
               | play - humans in the loop making good decisions instead
               | of blindly marching to the output of an automated
               | reporting system.
        
               | bulatb wrote:
               | Goodhart's law is always in effect. It can't be solved
               | because it's not a problem, it's a fact of nature with
               | annoying implications. It's the echo of the observation
               | that efficiency is fitness as its consequences ripple
               | from the lowest levels of reality through systems made of
               | people.
               | 
               | You can make an engine as effective as the laws of
               | physics let you, but you can't solve the limits of
               | thermodynamics. You can only do your best within them.
               | Same with this, for maybe the same reason.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | I'd argue that the point Goodhart's law isn't that
               | metrics are bad, but that all metrics aren't created
               | equal. In the case above, it seems like the real goal was
               | improved code quality. Number of unit tests isn't the
               | best proxy for that goal, so it wasn't the best choice of
               | metric. You don't want developers creating tests for the
               | sake of creating tests. (There's some irony here in that
               | it's not the type of behavior I'd ascribe to
               | professionals). The "solution" is a metric that's a
               | better measure of what you actually want.
        
               | distant_hat wrote:
               | In my experience, there is no good solution long term
               | except changing the metrics themselves every so often.
               | When new metrics come in, as long as they are not totally
               | boneheaded, they improve things. Then people start learn
               | to start gaming them and some of the more sociopathic
               | folks start doing so, then others copy by example and
               | soon enough the metric is useless at best or detrimental
               | at worst and it is time to move to a new metric.
               | 
               | It helps to have someone with a hacker mindset think
               | about the metric being designed so the obvious ways in
               | which it could be games are taken care of and their own
               | metrics/incentives are aligned with the company goal.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | Would adult developers not have made sure they had enough
               | automated tests?
        
               | recursive wrote:
               | It probably depends whether they had been given specific
               | instructions that directly conflicted with that.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | sleepybrett wrote:
               | If you didn't have enough tests you weren't acting like
               | adults. Why should he treat you like adults?
        
               | ChrisCinelli wrote:
               | Maybe you are jumping to a conclusion too quickly.
               | 
               | How do you know what was really going on?
               | 
               | "He created a requirement that every developer commit two
               | new tests to the code base every workday" seem a stupid
               | requirement if you do not control the quality of the
               | tests.
               | 
               | The same big corporation I wrote above had a goal of 80%
               | code coverage reported on dashboards.
               | 
               | I saw people writing tests just to run lines of code,
               | without effectively testing anything.
               | 
               | Others people were "smarter" and completely excluded
               | folders and modules in the codebase with low coverage
               | from coverage testing.
               | 
               | Code coverage percentage numbers on a dashboard are a
               | risky business. They can give you a false sense of
               | confidence. Because you can have 100% code coverage and
               | be plagued by multitude of bugs if you do not test what
               | the code is supposed to do.
               | 
               | Code coverage helps to see where you have untested code
               | and if it is very low (ex: less 50%) tells you that you
               | need more tests. An high code coverage percentage is
               | desirable but should not be a target.
               | 
               | The real problem is again the culture.
               | 
               | A culture where it is ok to have critical parts of the
               | code not being tested. A large part of the solution here
               | is helping people to understand the consequences of low
               | code coverage. For example collecting experiences and
               | during retrospectives point out where tests saved the day
               | or how a test may have saved the day so people can see
               | how test may save them a lot of frustration.
               | 
               | But again, when you give people a target and it is the
               | only thing they care about, people find a way to hit it.
        
               | tetha wrote:
               | > Code coverage percentage numbers on a dashboard are a
               | risky business. They can give you a false sense of
               | confidence. Because you can have 100% code coverage and
               | be plagued by multitude of bugs if you do not test what
               | the code is supposed to do.
               | 
               | Or, conversly, I've been in charge by really awkwardly
               | testable code.. which ends up being really reliable.
               | Plugin loading, config loading (this was before you
               | spring boot'ed everything in java). We had almost no
               | tests in that context, because testing the edge cases
               | there would've been a real mess.
               | 
               | But at the same time, if we messed up, no dev environment
               | and no test environment would work anymore at all, and we
               | would know. Very quickly. From a lot of sides, with a lot
               | of anger in there. So we were fine.
        
               | sleepybrett wrote:
               | He said it himself.
               | 
               | > When I worked at a FAANG ~15 years ago, a new VP came
               | in and _heard, correctly, that our group didn 't have
               | enough automated tests._
        
               | Silhouette wrote:
               | There are a thousand reasons why reasonable people might
               | have found themselves in that position. Maybe they
               | inherited a code base after an acquisition or from some
               | outside consultancy who didn't do a great job. Maybe
               | management made a rational business decision to ship
               | something that would make enough money to keep the
               | company going and knowingly took on the tech debt that
               | they would then have some chance of fixing before the
               | company failed. Maybe it actually had very high numbers
               | from coverage tools but then someone realised that a
               | relatively complex part of the code still wasn't being
               | tested very thoroughly.
               | 
               | If a team has identified a weakness in testing and
               | transparently reported it, presumably with the intention
               | of making it better, then why would we assume that
               | setting arbitrary targets based on some metric with no
               | direct connection to the real problem would help them do
               | that?
        
               | slt2021 wrote:
               | had to mention https://fs.blog/chestertons-fence/
               | 
               | if team does not have automated test, but still manages
               | to deliver working software - maybe tests are not adding
               | as much value as VP thinks?
               | 
               | the most important is feature delivery, and integration
               | test, not automated unit test where you test getters and
               | setters with mock dependencies - absolutely useless
               | busywork
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | Chesterson's fence isn't saying that the fence/test isn't
               | necessary. It's saying you need to take the time to
               | understand the broader context rather than take a knee-
               | jerk assumption. To be more clear, just because
               | developers don't see the need for better testing, doesn't
               | mean more testing isn't needed. But it may indicate the
               | VP didn't doing a good job of relating why, which leads
               | to the gamesmanship shown in the story.
               | 
               | Schedule isn't always the most important thing either.
               | It's possible delivery the software may just mean you've
               | been rolling the dice and getting lucky. The Boeing
               | 737MAX scenario gives a concrete example of where
               | delivery was paramount. It's a cognitive bias to assume
               | that "since nothing bad has happened yet, it must mean
               | it's good practice"
        
               | nostrebored wrote:
               | Tests aren't exclusively about asserting current behavior
               | -- they also help you determine drift over time and
               | explicitly mention the implicit invariants that people
               | are assuming.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | This might be relevant if the original comment didn't say
               | "correctly".
               | 
               | Also "not testing a lot" is not a chesterton's fence.
               | "not testing a lot" can't be load-bearing.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | > The real problem is again the culture.
               | 
               | The culture lead to fake tests instead of adding tests
               | that were legitimately lacking.
               | 
               | Is that so different from saying they weren't acting like
               | adults?
               | 
               | The phrasing could be called dismissive but I give that a
               | pass because it was mimicking the phrasing from the post
               | it replied to. The underlying sentiment doesn't seem
               | wrong to me.
        
               | gopher_space wrote:
               | An adult would have started to write the tests themselves
               | so they'd understand what was going on around them. You
               | don't just frown at people and hope for the best.
        
               | Varriount wrote:
               | Insufficient test coverage doesn't necessarily mean lack
               | of self-discipline. It can also stem from project
               | management issues (too much focus on features/too little
               | time given for test writing).
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | Accountability is a big part of leadership, though. The
               | anecdote basically just says the VP used the wrong tool
               | for accountability, not that "adults" shouldn't be held
               | accountable.
        
               | baconforce wrote:
               | I think what was missing here was lack of developer buy-
               | in into the actual changes implemented, and making sure
               | that they were reasonable and sustainable. Sounds to me
               | like a blanket mandate was handed out without buy-in and
               | also wasn't achievable, and the developers felt they had
               | to work around it to get their real jobs done.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | I agree. At the very least, it seems like he didn't
               | communicate the "why". It certainly wasn't "to make as
               | many tests as possible". I suspect the developers knew
               | that, which is why is also a little unprofessional on
               | their part to treat it like that was the goal.
        
             | jjav wrote:
             | > Without an outstanding company culture, most KPIs are
             | almost useless.
             | 
             | Also, with an outstanding company culture, KPIs aren't
             | really necessary.
             | 
             | So, when would they be useful?
             | 
             | I'm not as negative on KPIs as the previous line suggests
             | though. They can be useful to shape direction when used
             | carefully. But don't make them too long-lived, discard and
             | create new ones as soon as they become gameable.
        
           | yathaid wrote:
           | Nothing in OPs comment says it should only be completed stuff
           | that goes into the status.
           | 
           | Also, if your team is optimising for the status report, your
           | manager has already failed you.
        
             | fjfuvucucuc wrote:
             | Yes. The manager has failed you. Doesn't mean you should
             | put your ass on the line to fix things for the business.
             | 
             | That's why these kind of incentive structures are dangerous
             | and why things like OKRs put such heavy emphasis on
             | regular, company wide, failure. (I.e. they punish
             | 100success rates)
        
             | ranting-moth wrote:
             | Aurornis didn't say that. He specifically said "because
             | they won't sound good for the week".
             | 
             | With time and experience, you'll learn that those who can
             | quickly churn out features and bug fixes are deemed
             | extremely valuable to the company.
             | 
             | Let's say we have a wicked bug that has very little chance
             | of happening. But if it does, it'll bankrupt the company,
             | no questions asked. Spending 3 weeks fixing it is nowhere
             | as impressive to the company as Joe who's churned out 10
             | features per week while your status updates are "Hunting
             | for the wicked bug", even if you describe it it more
             | details.
        
               | neeleshs wrote:
               | Even if the detail was something like, "if this wasn't
               | fixed, we were at the risk of losing half our customers"
               | ?
        
               | nine_zeros wrote:
               | > Even if the detail was something like, "if this wasn't
               | fixed, we were at the risk of losing half our customers"
               | ?
               | 
               | Yes, because this one task appears as a single line item
               | for the manager's manager. They don't care for the
               | complexity or consequences until the fire actually
               | happens. And if the fire happens, they just blame
               | engineers.
               | 
               | If the industry incentives were changed such that manager
               | heads would roll for mass outages, managers would start
               | appreciating big fixes.
        
               | withinboredom wrote:
               | If you spend more than a few hours looking for a bug, you
               | should start writing code to go around the bug
               | completely. Even if it results in technical debt, if the
               | company can go under if the bug isn't fixed, you'd be
               | stupid NOT to charge that TD card.
               | 
               | That's why devs who understand that survive layoffs and
               | the ones who spend three weeks "hunting for an extinction
               | level bug" don't.
        
             | commandlinefan wrote:
             | > if your team is optimising for the status report
             | 
             | If you're providing a status report, you're optimizing for
             | the status report. Period.
        
               | DiggyJohnson wrote:
               | Eh, my personal experience has been that just as often we
               | have a mandatory status report that nobody cares about
               | (including my direct and skip level managers). It's just
               | something that needs to be done for contract compliance.
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | Here is the thing, in a high-trust environment, KPIs work
           | fine too. In fact, almost everything work on that condition.
           | 
           | But modern organizations are quick to destroy trust on any
           | whim.
        
             | SkyPuncher wrote:
             | I've found the same.
             | 
             | We used goals and velocity metrics on the highest
             | performing team I worked on. This was also a high trust
             | team that happily raised concerns and adjusted
             | priorities/velocity/etc.
             | 
             | The goals and velocity were still extremely useful for
             | getting everybody on the same page for what we were looking
             | to accomplish and how long it would take. We needed to land
             | in the general area, but never got caught up in meaningless
             | drivel over metrics.
             | 
             | The problem is management wants consistency and expects an
             | explanation when things change. I've found it a team is
             | perceived as failing if they're actually realistic with
             | goals and capabilities.
        
             | no_wizard wrote:
             | A hallmark of strong high trust environments I've found is
             | that management beyond the team (or squad, or pod, or
             | whatever you call it) is only concerned with Milestones,
             | not sprints or other velocity metrics, and the check-ins
             | with them revolve around the progress on the given
             | Milestone(s) the team is working on.
             | 
             | It is up to the team to decide on the best way to approach
             | this, and what works best for that team, and the team is
             | free to do the work as they see it, with the only
             | requirement that if something does negatively affect the
             | Milestone(s), it gets raised quickly and early, in case of
             | re-adjustment.
             | 
             | This however, means:
             | 
             | - Product management has to be competent enough to present
             | a relatively elastic vision that is not so concrete its
             | essentially a waterfall, but not so vague that its unclear
             | whats being built. Wireframes are usually a good signal
             | here.
             | 
             | - Engineering Management has to be competent enough to
             | communicate (or allow others to communicate) technical
             | challenges that may be involved, and more importantly, what
             | may be unknown, to Product management
             | 
             | - Everyone has to agree that demoing work is more important
             | than talking about work, whenever possible
             | 
             | - Trust in everyone doing the right thing needs to be high,
             | constant interference and meetings will kill this from
             | working right.
        
             | Consultant32452 wrote:
             | The place I'm consulting for at the moment shut down
             | offices for years due to the pandemic. Some people moved
             | out of state and continued to work because there was no
             | signal of ever returning to the office. Then last week they
             | said everyone had to return to the office 3 days per week
             | or be fired with no exceptions. We're losing an MVP on our
             | team due to this. He now lives over 500 miles from the
             | closest office.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | cesaref wrote:
               | The way around this is to open an office just for them.
               | It sounds dumb, but it meets the business requirement,
               | and could also drive further recruitment around their
               | location.
        
               | meowface wrote:
               | It seems like it'd be way more sensible and efficient to
               | just make an exception for that particular employee (and
               | maybe some other important ones). Though, in my opinion,
               | the best option is to just let anyone work remotely as
               | much as they want. Especially if you go years without
               | ever indicating you intend to return people to the
               | office.
               | 
               | I think I'm luckily grandfathered in due to working fully
               | remotely for years before the pandemic, but if that
               | happened to me I would absolutely start looking for a new
               | job.
        
               | criddell wrote:
               | That can be more expensive than it appears at first,
               | especially if it's in a different state due to taxes.
               | 
               | I've asked before if I can work remotely for a few weeks
               | at a time and have been told yes, as long as I don't
               | leave the state. In some places, just moving to a
               | different county or city can trigger different tax
               | requirements.
        
               | withinboredom wrote:
               | If you have competent accountants/payroll, this is no
               | more complicated than anything else. There might be a
               | learning curve to get things set up properly, but the
               | rest is reasonably normal.
        
               | criddell wrote:
               | It can be quite complicated.
               | 
               | > State corporate or other business activity taxes can
               | apply, if even a single employee is working in a state.
               | In effect, if an employer did not previously have a
               | recognized office in a state, but one employee starts
               | working from there, this can trigger entirely new
               | registration requirements and tax liabilities. It may be
               | necessary to register with the secretary of state and
               | relevant tax authorities, provide a registered agent
               | address, and pay corporate and business activity taxes,
               | sales taxes and employment taxes, including employee
               | withholding. There are often state and local licenses and
               | business permits as well.
               | 
               | https://www.adp.com/spark/articles/2022/06/implications-
               | of-w...
        
               | withinboredom wrote:
               | Sounds like business as usual for most accountants that
               | do SMBs. Worse case scenario you do this 50 times. The
               | same thing happens in the EU when an employee works in
               | another country, only worse. Sounds like you've got it
               | pretty easy compared to there.
        
               | criddell wrote:
               | I think you underestimate just how small most businesses
               | are. In the US, something like 90% of businesses have
               | fewer than 25 employees. Dealing with setting up in
               | another state is a significant burden.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | In the premise Consultant32452 provided, the employees
               | had already moved and been working from different states,
               | so presumably all of that would already have had to be
               | done.
        
               | criddell wrote:
               | A lot of states made changes during the pandemic to allow
               | remote workers. Those have all been ending over the past
               | year and I assumed that's what they were talking about.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | What? I do not see how any state could not allow remote
               | workers.
               | 
               | And all states have long required employers to register
               | with the state government for tax purposes if they employ
               | someone working in the state, as well as comply with the
               | state's labor laws.
        
               | criddell wrote:
               | I didn't say that right. What I meant to say was that a
               | lot of states allowed remote workers to live there
               | without having to pay local taxes.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | I don't think expense is the driving force here. It would
               | be even less expensive to simply let the worker work
               | remotely. The reason a company wouldn't do this is that
               | it would send an unacceptable message about worker power.
               | If some workers could get exceptions to a new unpopular
               | rule, then why can't everyone? And if everyone could, why
               | have the rule at all? This does not serve the interests
               | of the company's power structure.
        
               | kapp_in_life wrote:
               | That seems rather shortsighted to just assume offices
               | won't reopen instead of actually negotiating a transition
               | to fully remote.
        
               | jermaustin1 wrote:
               | They tried this one of my client's office too, but the
               | middle-management all stood firm that if they and their
               | teams (I'm on one of the teams) would not be returning.
               | And to fire even one person on any of the teams would
               | mean certain death for the company since it only has a
               | handful of developers and everyone has 7-14 years of in
               | built knowledge. I am the most recent consultant hired,
               | and I was hired in 2017.
               | 
               | They back peddled pretty quickly and switched it to
               | anyone within 10 miles of the office has to come back.
               | There is only 1 person that close. He's the "office mom"
               | and he's been in basically every day since the pandemic
               | started.
               | 
               | Even if half the teams hadn't moved further away, there
               | is no way most of us would have gone back to commuting
               | 2-4 hours per day.
        
           | hliyan wrote:
           | Some examples of incrementally delivering tech debt and
           | communicating it to stakeholders:
           | 
           | "This week we found the root cause of why operation X
           | sometimes fails - it's a slow database query which we plan to
           | fix next week. For those interested, here's a command-line
           | demo of the issue."
           | 
           | "With 60 pull requests being submitted per week, and each one
           | triggering a 12 minute automated test run, we were wasting a
           | quite a bit of developer resources. This week we brought that
           | time down to 4 minutes. For those interested, here's how we
           | parallelised the tests."
           | 
           | "Remember how the last accounting feature broke a lot of
           | different parts of the system and it took 4 extra weeks to
           | fix? This week we migrated 4 out of 18 core accounting
           | functions to a service completely separate from our main code
           | base. Once the remaining 14 are moved over during the next
           | three weeks, accounting features can be built and tested
           | independently without affecting the main system."
        
           | efxhoy wrote:
           | There are two types of devs at my job, those that care about
           | shipping lots of new things fast, using new frameworks and
           | pushing metrics. Then we have me and a few others fighting
           | fires that the fast shippers leave behind. I'm fine with it,
           | I enjoy analyzing database queries and figuring out what to
           | index. As long as manager understands where the fires are
           | coming from and why we need to spend time putting them out
           | there's no problem.
        
             | ants_everywhere wrote:
             | I'm curious if anyone has stories about making this work in
             | the long run.
             | 
             | It seems like such a natural division of labor that it
             | appears everywhere. But I also feel like I've never seen a
             | company explicitly optimize processes around it.
             | 
             | So I'm curious to hear any battle stories.
        
               | OkayPhysicist wrote:
               | The problem that I'd imagine is a variation of "Why does
               | Sales get paid so much?". Basically, the more obvious the
               | connection between your contribution and the company
               | making more money, the easier it is to reward you with a
               | slice of the pie.
               | 
               | In a codified "trailblazers and firefighters" model, the
               | trailblazers are much more obviously tied to the
               | company's bottom line. Feature X is required to close
               | deal with company Y, this software team built this
               | feature. Meanwhile, the people frantically cleaning up
               | the mess the first team left is only nebulously connected
               | to the company raking in more cash, relegating them to a
               | second-tier position despite having harder work.
        
             | ryandrake wrote:
             | Unfortunately, at far too many companies, those "ship new
             | things fast" developers are the ones who get promoted, get
             | rewarded with the best projects, and grow their careers and
             | influence, while the firefighters just keep fighting fires.
        
         | ramijames wrote:
         | I run the devrel team at Ultra.io, and tried this for 6 months
         | or so at the beginning of the year.
         | 
         | These types of updates only work in an environment where people
         | actively read them.
        
         | feoren wrote:
         | This industry already has a huge problem with prioritizing
         | shiny new features over fixing bugs, improving performance,
         | verifying correctness, etc. This seems like a great way to
         | enshrine that into your company culture.
         | 
         | Team A: Added a wizzbazz button that says "Wizz!" when you push
         | it with a cool noise! Look at this cool screenshot!
         | 
         | Team B: Worked on fixing an elusive bug causing rare data
         | corruption, but couldn't figure out what was causing it.
         | 
         | Team A: Re-colored the header to the CEO's favorite color! Look
         | at this cool screenshot!
         | 
         | Team B: Fixed bug causing rare data corruption. Started looking
         | into strange performance bottlenecks in UI.
         | 
         | Team A: Added spiffy animations that play every time the user
         | goes to the next page. Watch this cool video!
         | 
         | Team B: Improved page responsiveness issue introduced by the
         | wizzbazz button. Look at this graph; pay attention to the
         | ninetieth-percentile time-to-first-render (dotted blue line)
         | for dashboard users. It does actually go down quite a bit if
         | you look.
         | 
         | Team A: Added a thousand lines of code to the fluxborg module!
         | Look at this graph! It went from FIFTY lines of code to a
         | THOUSAND lines of code! Look at how much that is on this graph!
         | 
         | Team B: Removed two thousand unnecessary lines of code from the
         | wizzbazz module. We decided not to show a graph because the
         | line goes down and we know you'll all think that's a bad thing.
         | 
         | Which team is getting the axe when it comes time to lay off
         | employees? You know. Come on. You know it's Team B. You know
         | it's true.
        
           | nine_zeros wrote:
           | This is accurate. My director is obsessed with visible status
           | updates aka UI changes or metrics. So anyone reporting,
           | "fixed a 3 year old bug by refactoring old libraries, that
           | improves maintenance" just doesn't cut it for him.
           | 
           | And unfortunately for engineers, they have to dance to this
           | director's negligence even if it comes at the cost of their
           | own sanity.
        
           | jq-r wrote:
           | Think you perfectly described teams working on Windows 11.
        
           | ChrisCinelli wrote:
           | Corporate dynamics make shiny object raise up even if it
           | fool's gold.
           | 
           | The real gold is in improving what in bad need of
           | improvement.
           | 
           | The companies that stay afloat are often those that are
           | abundant in people that know what really matter and find a
           | way to do it regardless what the middle management thinks.
        
             | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
             | > The companies that stay afloat are often those that are
             | abundant in people that know what really matter and find a
             | way to do it regardless what the middle management thinks.
             | 
             | Which is hard to come by, because those people aren't
             | rewarded.
        
         | gardenhedge wrote:
         | So you planned, built, tested (and fixed any issues from
         | testing) and released features (and supported them) each week?
         | 
         | Edit: I see the team is made up of 50 people across multiple
         | teams. That makes a bit more sense.
        
         | switch007 wrote:
         | I'm assuming each team has a PM because it's impossible for an
         | engineer to communicate therefore this couldn't have happened
         | without a PM being in place to play "telephone".
        
           | hliyan wrote:
           | All emails were drafted and sent by engineers. They did
           | require some coaching initially, but eventually they got the
           | hang of it. It's mostly plain English.
        
             | switch007 wrote:
             | Good to hear!
        
         | alexchamberlain wrote:
         | The irony is this is exactly what we did (albeit not the whole
         | company) before adopting agile.
        
           | js8 wrote:
           | I was about to say the same. Before Agile, we had one Friday
           | meeting with development manager where we pretty much did
           | this.
        
         | oq_pmg wrote:
         | Interesting. I did the same within just my team. We used
         | Confluence to publish those, describing accomplishments of
         | every IC. This initiative was started to appreciate the work of
         | the team, so I still was concerned if anyone were reading those
         | reports apart from my team, but I never had a question from the
         | Steering Committee "what all of these peeps doing there?" since
         | I started.
         | 
         | Question: what the format you have used (number of words)? Kind
         | of a release notes? Was anyone actually reading those?
        
         | hankchinaski wrote:
         | that works well when the deliverable shipped and the value can
         | be easily understood by the audience is targeted to, for
         | example product team shipping updates to non-technical people.
         | When working on a backend refactoring, CI/CD pipelines, infra
         | work and other things it's only valuable if the audience is
         | engineering, other people aren't gonna understand the value of
         | a new CI/CD pipeline for example
        
         | dustingetz wrote:
         | scale of team?
        
           | hliyan wrote:
           | About 50 engineers spread across 7 teams
        
         | cheschire wrote:
         | Was your sum KPI burned down on a report during the quarter or
         | was it only reviewed once the quarter was complete?
        
           | hliyan wrote:
           | I did keep an eye on it because it was a good indicator of
           | problems. But I never drove the team based on it, any more
           | than I would try to increase a car's speed by grabbing the
           | speedometer needle.
        
         | robertlagrant wrote:
         | Using velocity as a KPI is to be prevented at all management
         | levels.
        
         | 1270018080 wrote:
         | Non frontend engineers probably despise this.
        
         | 20after4 wrote:
         | This seems perfect to me.
         | 
         | It reminds me of deviantArt tech dev meetings when I worked
         | there (~10 years ago)
         | 
         | Every Monday, each tech/product team did a small demo for the
         | whole tech org (maybe 50 people, growing to nearly 100 by the
         | time I left).
         | 
         | Teams without an interactive demo would just put together a web
         | page with a few pictures and text describing what they
         | accomplished and team lead would present it to the whole org.
         | 
         | Teams competed for dubious accolades like most lines of code
         | deleted, most embarrassing feature, best meme. Prizes were
         | arbitrarily awarded by the VP of technology in the form of
         | credits to buy art from their prints shop.
         | 
         | Similarly to what you describe, this practice relied heavily on
         | feature flags enabling us to release features for testing while
         | they were still in early stages of development. This worked out
         | really well for getting feedback and QA testing early on, while
         | also keeping everyone up to date about everything that was
         | happening outside of our immediate area of focus. It was fun
         | and motivating as well. deviantArt did a lot of things really
         | right though back in the early 2010s. IMO it was a really
         | incredible engineering org and probably the best job I ever
         | had.
        
           | lamontcg wrote:
           | That optimizes for Demo-driven development though. I've seen
           | a lot of flashy "clever" stuff created for demos which were
           | later totally abandoned. And a lot of basement-level code
           | wrangling that is difficult to demo.
        
         | generic92034 wrote:
         | > every Friday, each team sends a brief "here's what we
         | delivered this week" email to the whole company
         | 
         | I am not sure this scales very well with company size. ;)
        
           | swalsh wrote:
           | Have each squad send the email to the platoon, and each
           | platoon send a summarized email to the company.
        
             | generic92034 wrote:
             | Depending on company culture that can lead to uniformly
             | very positive feedback on the lower levels (amazing new
             | features, developers show excellent performance, all of
             | them), which does not seem to fit the mess the top
             | management can see at their level (customers complaining,
             | sales dropping).
        
               | jodrellblank wrote:
               | "the Ministry of Plenty's forecast had estimated the
               | output of boots for the quarter at 145 million pairs. The
               | actual output was given as sixty-two millions. Winston,
               | however, in rewriting the forecast, marked the figure
               | down to fifty-seven millions, so as to allow for the
               | usual claim that the quota had been overfulfilled. In any
               | case, sixty-two millions was no nearer the truth than
               | fifty-seven millions, or than 145 millions. Very likely
               | no boots had been produced at all. Likelier still, nobody
               | knew how many had been produced, much less cared. All one
               | knew was that every quarter astronomical numbers of boots
               | were produced on paper, while perhaps half the population
               | of Oceania went barefoot. And so it was with every class
               | of recorded fact, great or small.
               | 
               | [...preamble] it was not even forgery. It was merely the
               | substitution of one piece of nonsense for another. Most
               | of the material that you were dealing with had no
               | connexion with anything in the real world, not even the
               | kind of connexion that is contained in a direct lie.
               | Statistics were just as much a fantasy in their original
               | version as in their rectified version. A great deal of
               | the time you were expected to make them up out of your
               | head."
               | 
               | - George Orwell, 1984.
               | 
               | All one knew was that every quarter astronomical numbers
               | of features and improvements were produced on paper,
               | while perhaps half the users of SaaS products complained
               | or left.
        
           | hliyan wrote:
           | They're brief emails with a few lines and screenshots that
           | can be read in under 2 minutes. Most stakeholders will read
           | through emails from teams developing features for their
           | business area, and skim the rest. They can also opt out
           | entirely if they want to. But then they lose the right to
           | complain that they didn't know what features are being
           | shipped and when, or how to use them correctly (remember: the
           | mail works as a "how to" too).
        
             | generic92034 wrote:
             | It would be too much in large software companies. There are
             | thousands of teams and several products have absolutely no
             | relevance to each other. So such a kind of self-inflicted
             | spam attack would not event remotely work.
        
           | steelframe wrote:
           | It doesn't. I've recently had to add about 30 mail filters to
           | keep all the weekly/bi-weekly area newsletters trumpeting
           | every random "milestone" for every team out of my main inbox.
           | 
           | When it comes time for me to move on from the company, one of
           | my antics is going to be to reply-all to each and every one
           | of them with the word "unsubscribe."
        
         | nonameiguess wrote:
         | This sort of practice killed me as a platform engineer when it
         | was an org-wide expectation that we do these weekly demos of
         | what a feature looks like to a user. Sure, let me just screen
         | record a new environment buildout or a suite of applications
         | running for ten hours and you can observe how often a problem
         | occurs and what happens in response. Even better when an
         | activity for a week is something like we upgraded a storage
         | driver across all environments. What does a user see? Nothing,
         | but the old one had bugs, including at least one CVE. Now we
         | don't.
        
           | 20after4 wrote:
           | Lean into it.
           | 
           | "What does a user see? Nothing, but the old one had bugs,
           | including at least one CVE. Now we don't."
           | 
           | That seems like a reasonable content for demo and with just
           | the right amount of self-deprecating humor it can be a
           | slightly entertaining 2 minute presentation.
        
             | justin_oaks wrote:
             | The smartest folks will recognize "User sees no change" as
             | a good thing. Keeping things stable is extremely important.
             | 
             | Unfortunately, too few people think that way.
        
         | pydry wrote:
         | I like how the most convincing examples of "agile
         | transformations" almost never use the word agile.
        
           | lloydatkinson wrote:
           | In those cases (the majority) the word Agile is used to
           | describe it. Not actually agile, just whatever the hell Agile
           | is.
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a-BOSpxYJ9M
        
         | chiefalchemist wrote:
         | > KPIs compress away details that stakeholders need to form an
         | understanding.
         | 
         | Comms. It always boils down to comms. Specifically, comms that
         | drive understanding.
         | 
         | KPIs = knowledge.
         | 
         | But what you did, increased understanding.
         | 
         | And what I like to say is: "(Knowledge isn't power.)
         | Understanding Is Power."
        
           | S_A_P wrote:
           | But doesn't knowledge imply understanding? Otherwise it would
           | just be facts without context.
        
             | yathaid wrote:
             | KPIs are facts. Facts without context don't lead to
             | understanding.
        
               | mejutoco wrote:
               | IMO KPIs are metrics to optimize (if they are objective).
               | A set of values is already encoded in them by the
               | specific formula being chosen.
        
             | chiefalchemist wrote:
             | At the extreme, watch Jeopardy. People spitting out their
             | knowledge. Unfortunately, 99 out of 100 times, they have
             | very little *understanding* of the answers they offer.
             | 
             | Knowing the dots doesn't mean you can connect them. And
             | thus, "Understanding Is Power."
        
               | S_A_P wrote:
               | I totally get what you mean here, but I don't know if
               | Jeopardy is a great example. I think of that like trivia
               | which is a skill that you have to practice and exercise.
               | Rote memorization can increase knowledge and definitely
               | helps. (Here comes the but :) ) But I don't consider
               | someone who has a head full of facts(only) to be
               | knowledgeable. They have to be able to talk about the
               | concepts and theory to back up the facts. The very act of
               | connecting the dots demonstrates knowledge.
               | 
               | Anyway I think we are probably saying the same thing and
               | discussing semantics.(and to be fair it is probably just
               | me:) )
        
         | AtNightWeCode wrote:
         | Overall this is my standpoint too. But it depends on how KPIs
         | are set. I think it is more destroying to not have any general
         | directions at all.
        
         | osigurdson wrote:
         | Did anyone actually read it? The problem with this is the
         | frequency is so high that it would just get tuned out.
        
           | Consultant32452 wrote:
           | My first thought was that I would create a rule to dump these
           | in a folder I never looked at. However, if I were on the team
           | generating that email I would like it if it could truly
           | replace the old ways of providing updates to leadership.
        
         | meerita wrote:
         | KPIs encompass more than just team performance; they also
         | encompass the performance of the product itself. Even if you
         | excel at delivering, a poorly performing product resulting from
         | flawed ideas renders delivery insignificant.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | KPI should do that. However it is very hard to measure the
           | useful things in advance. The real measure is the bottom line
           | after the product is released until it stops production. If
           | you have an apprentice plumber cleaning out clogged drains it
           | is easy as you work for a couple hours and then you get a
           | check a month later. (this is a reasonable example of
           | something easy to measure, but I doubt any plumbing company
           | ever operated this way). However a lot of software is on a
           | very long release cycle with hundreds of other developers.
           | Even if you are Google and deploy to production often it can
           | still be a long time before you start work on some feature
           | and it is actually useful to customers, and then you are
           | constantly enhancing things for the next version so that is
           | even more noise making it hard to measure what has a useful
           | impact.
        
           | serial_dev wrote:
           | In the above model, product performance could be easily
           | addressed, too, as well as demonstrating that the features
           | were data driven, it doesn't need to be a boring feature
           | list.
           | 
           | For each delivered feature, there could be an overview, e.g.
           | 
           | "Users can now print reports easier. On our user request
           | tracking platform, this issue had 321 upvotes, and 5 Premium
           | clients requested this as well. We placed the print button
           | THERE because amongst the three designs, this performed 23%
           | better according to METRIC. For more info on the experiments,
           | see link or ask on #mobile-team. The feature was released for
           | two weeks behind a feature flag, it performed great, and we
           | made it available for all since last Monday. 5%, of users who
           | visited the report page used this feature and we generated
           | already 5000 PDF reports. Big client A already complimented
           | the feature, and it unblocked the sales process with Client
           | B."
           | 
           | At the end of each email, there could be an analytics
           | overview of the product with overall useful metrics,
           | significant changes etc.
           | 
           | This format also helps with people being on holidays, sick,
           | etc.
        
             | NTDF9 wrote:
             | What about things like "Stuck on XYZ because no one fixes
             | it because it doesn't show any good metrics and management
             | doesn't care about it. So I fixed it at the expense of my
             | own time."
        
               | itsoktocry wrote:
               | > _What about things like "Stuck on XYZ because no one
               | fixes it because it doesn't show any good metrics and
               | management doesn't care about it._
               | 
               | I'm confused by your comment. How did you decide this was
               | something worthy of fixing if it "doesn't show any good
               | metrics"? If you can't quantify the issue in any manner,
               | how do you determine it's worth doing?
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | Let's say you've got a logging system that sometimes
               | drops lines. And this sometimes makes debugging things
               | hard, because you can't say whether that log line is
               | missing because the code didn't run, or because the log
               | line was lost.
               | 
               | Impact on end users? Nothing measurable. Impact on
               | developers? Frustrating and slows them down, but by how
               | much? It's impossible to say. How often does it happen?
               | Well, difficult to count what isn't there. Would fixing
               | the issue lead to a measurable increase in stories
               | completed per week, or lines of code written, or employee
               | retention? Probably not, as those are very noisy
               | measures.
               | 
               | Nonetheless, that is not a fault I would tolerate or
               | ignore.
        
               | NTDF9 wrote:
               | > I'm confused by your comment. How did you decide this
               | was something worthy of fixing if it "doesn't show any
               | good metrics"? If you can't quantify the issue in any
               | manner, how do you determine it's worth doing?
               | 
               | Because sometimes some things without metrics are
               | incidental to the actual thing you set out to do.
               | 
               | E.g. a large refactor that switches libraries which is
               | necessary for your new service that give 10% lower
               | latency. But that library refactor will need to be done
               | and it will take 2 months.
        
               | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
               | Generally, using one's brain.
               | 
               | This is especially important when metrics would not be
               | expected to be available -- for example, if you're
               | designing a nuclear reactor, you need to think hard about
               | ways to prevent a meltdown _in advance_ , rather than
               | collecting meltdown statistics and then fixing the piping
               | problems that correlated with the most nuclear meltdowns.
               | 
               | This is also necessary when the true metric that matters
               | is very hard to evaluate counterfactually. For example,
               | perhaps your real task is "maximize profit for the
               | company", but you can't actually evaluate how your
               | actions have influenced that metric, even though you can
               | see the number going up and down.
               | 
               | And necessary as well when a goal is too abstract to
               | directly capture by metrics, resulting in bad surrogate
               | metrics: for example, "improve user experience" is hard
               | to measure directly, so "increase time spent interacting
               | with website" might be measured as a substitute, with
               | predictable outcomes that _bad_ UI design can force users
               | to waste more time on a page trying to find what they
               | came for.
               | 
               | All of these problems are faced by _metric designers_ ,
               | who need to pick directly-measurable metric B (UX design
               | metric) in order to maximize metric A (long-term profits)
               | that the shareholders actually care about, but they
               | cannot evaluate the quality of their own metrics by a
               | metric, for the same reason that they were not using
               | metric A directly to begin with.
               | 
               | (See also the _McNamara fallacy_ , which parent comment
               | is a splendid example of:
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/McNamara_fallacy )
        
               | josefx wrote:
               | There is also the classic story about returning war
               | planes. You can try to make sense of the damage, the
               | bullet holes, and try to create strategies around how to
               | improve affected areas. The problem is that the damage
               | you actually want to inspect and prevent is on the planes
               | that did not make it back, the ones you do not have an
               | abundance of data on.
        
               | jodrellblank wrote:
               | The classic war planes story was about Abraham Wald -
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Wald
        
             | meerita wrote:
             | During my tenure as a product manager at Rakuten, I
             | consistently grounded the initiation and culmination of all
             | product endeavors in data. This approach dictated that
             | prior to embarking on any project modifications, the
             | presence of data was imperative to validate (or refute) the
             | underlying hypotheses. This mean that if we just have an
             | hypothesis and no data, we first add hooks to understand
             | the situation throught data (ex. GA events, etc.).
             | 
             | For instance, when executives contested the efficacy of our
             | registration form for X reasons, it became incumbent upon
             | us to ascertain its current standing. This involved
             | computing the ratio of registrations to site visits and
             | conducting an in-depth analysis of the errors that users
             | encountered while interacting with the form. We achieved
             | this by integrating Google Analytics events with error
             | messages, among other techniques. We provided first a
             | picture, then we proceeded to make the changes.
             | 
             | This systematic approach enabled us to gain a comprehensive
             | understanding of the situation, facilitating the
             | implementation of purposeful changes. Subsequently, we
             | gauged the impact of these alterations using key
             | performance indicators (KPIs) such as the registration-to-
             | visits ratio, and the previous events tracking changes too
             | to understand if we really made a difference.
        
       | drewcoo wrote:
       | > KPIs should be used in combination with human intuition
       | 
       | And that's where everything goes from wibbly-wobbly to "I've
       | fallen and I can't get up!"
       | 
       | What is "human intuition?" Do we all have it? Do we have the same
       | "it" or is this just something we accuse other people of not
       | having but that we can't quite define, like "common sense?"
       | 
       | This statement may as well be "ideally, we should use KPIs with
       | ample hand-waving, for some unnamed value of 'ample.'"
        
       | wyuenho wrote:
       | It appears to me this is another case of the slow evolution of
       | European businesses and management practices.
       | 
       | There exists a practice called OKR. Intel has been using it since
       | the early 70s, Google since year 2, and pretty much everyone in
       | SV has switched over since around the time that John Doerr book
       | came out. It's designed to solve exactly all the problems of KPI.
       | You shouldn't spend much time figuring out what to measure and
       | whether you are measuring the right thing or how to put what you
       | measured into context. You should be defining simple objectives
       | and key results what will give you a binary answer at regular
       | intervals. Practicing KPI solely is putting the cart in front of
       | the horse. You should know your objectives and milestones before
       | you figure out how to measure them.
        
         | AlexandrB wrote:
         | This "just use OKRs" comment is funny when contrasted with
         | another comment that described how OKRs were "gamed" at his
         | company: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37221787
        
           | wyuenho wrote:
           | It's even funnier when it's apparent that company isn't
           | really doing OKR. First of all, the Os are supposed to be
           | somewhat resistant to change in direction. Second of all, you
           | shouldn't be doing KPI on top of OKR. If you set the OKRs
           | right, you'll set stretch goals so ambitious, even if you
           | game the completion percentage, the simple answer to whether
           | you are doing the right things or performing should still be
           | immediately answerable.
        
             | andrekandre wrote:
             | > set stretch goals so ambitious, even if you game the
             | completion percentage, the simple answer to whether you are
             | doing the right things or performing should still be
             | immediately answerable.
             | 
             | any good examples of this in practice?
        
       | mkl95 wrote:
       | > Now your course of action will not be optimization of server-
       | side processing, but something else (e.g. deploying in that
       | region or on-premise for those customers).
       | 
       | And to empower your engineers to achieve that, you should
       | 
       | - Train them so they gain specific knowledge on whatever tech
       | they are going to use. Most likely one of the big three cloud
       | providers. Some companies avoid this step because they want to
       | invest the time and money required. Often with severe
       | consequences when engineers deliver a botched solution.
       | 
       | - Make it a realistic goal e.g. you may need to create a new team
       | with a smaller scope, so those people are efficient and not
       | distracted by other stuff. If Mary from accounts is pinging your
       | engineers about some legacy system that keeps failing, do not be
       | shocked when "your estimates were wildly inaccurate".
        
       | xg15 wrote:
       | Is time-to-last-byte really defined as the moment the _initial
       | response_ has been successfully received? Or is it defined more
       | vaguely as  "all responses needed to render the page have been
       | received "?
       | 
       | I'd understand "time-to- _first_ -byte" as something that could
       | at least give you a reliable lower bound for how long users have
       | to wait, but I don't see how "time the initial response has been
       | received" is any kind of meaningful indicator of UX in modern
       | javascript-driven websites.
        
       | kriro wrote:
       | Clickbaity title submission. The actual title of the blog post is
       | "How to avoid KPI psychosis in your organization?" and it talks
       | about why blindly following KPI can be bad, that humans are good
       | at hacking numbers etc. and basically says "don't use them
       | blindly". It's also framing it in the context of tech businesses
       | not all businesses in general. So not sure how to jump from that
       | post to the submitted title of "Why KPIs are destroying
       | businesses".
       | 
       | KPI can be very useful as sanity checks and it also varies quite
       | a bit by industry if and when it makes sense to lean more of
       | them. Anything involving physical goods/supply chains usually
       | benefits greatly from having good KPI in place. Same for
       | financial information. The "I" stands for indicator, I think it's
       | usually a good idea to set up some KPI with boundaries and alerts
       | to resteer the ship if anything goes badly off the path (cash
       | flow indicators for finance for example).
        
         | badrabbit wrote:
         | Basically McNamara fallacy but more subject specific:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McNamara_fallacy
         | 
         | The KPI is a measurement tool not a goal.
         | 
         | If you run a race, your goal should not be to beat ussain
         | bolt's record, your goal should be winning with your best
         | possible time which could or could not be much better than
         | usain's. It is your coach who is supposed to measure you and
         | observe how you are running and training and help you adjust
         | that based on his/her expertise on the subject that is supposed
         | to use usain's record as a measuing stick as they help you
         | adjust and adapt to break the record.
        
           | Karellen wrote:
           | Cool. I'd not seen that one before. I was going to link to
           | Goodhart's Law, but the McNamara fallacy seems broader and
           | more interesting. Thanks.
        
           | staplung wrote:
           | This.
           | 
           | Step 1: measure only that which can be easily measured Step
           | 2: ignore what can't be easily measured Step 3: assume that
           | which cannot be easily measured is unimportant Step 4: assume
           | that which cannot be easily measured is _not even real_
           | 
           | Plus yeah, also Goodwin's Law.
        
       | opportune wrote:
       | I have a more pessimistic take on this KPI stuff.
       | 
       | You absolutely can get great outcomes without putting KPIs or
       | metrics on a pedestal. And for sure, metrics should work for the
       | employees; employees shouldn't work for the metrics.
       | 
       | The problem is that this kind of falls apart in large
       | organizations because, from the perspective of CEOs, execs, and
       | upper management, leaving wiggle room requires placing a high
       | degree of trust in line teams or unscaleable micromanagement. And
       | you can argue that the high degree of trust should be given, but
       | bluntly, unless your employees are very well coordinated and your
       | management team is really on top of their game, a lot of teams
       | will flounder without clear goals.
       | 
       | Now as an IC that sounds like bullshit, but let me ask you: have
       | you ever seen a team that seems like they basically didn't do
       | anything? What did that team have in commmon? Usually it's at
       | least two of 1. a lack of clear goals 2. low to average levels of
       | motivation and personal ownership 3. low to average levels of
       | skill. If you're on this website discussing software and KPIs in
       | your free time you're probably above average in motivation and
       | skill. But I'm sure you know that without clear goals, people
       | just working to put food on the table tend not to have the
       | business interest and drive to create actually-valuable work.
       | 
       | If you can keep your business small enough that pockets of low-
       | productivity can't fly under the radar, or somehow hire only
       | motivated, skilled people that stay motivated and skilled years
       | after they're hired, you probably do need thing like KPIs to hold
       | teams accountable. Not _your_ team necessarily, but if say 10-20%
       | of teams will flounder without KPIs, it's probably just good
       | policy to have it, even when it annoys the other 80% of teams, as
       | long as you don't add pathological processes around the KPIs.
        
       | elric wrote:
       | I would suggest that the problem is not KPIs (or Agile, or
       | whatever else is ruining your particular company). It's shitty
       | management. KPIs (and Agile, and $buzzword) can be useful, when
       | done right. If you get hit in the face with a hammer, is the
       | hammer the problem? Or the idiot who swung the hammer at you?
       | 
       | Time and time again I've seen managers come up with a Great
       | Idea(tm). It works for a little while. And then it turns into a
       | shitshow because it goes from being a useful idea to being dogma.
        
         | rightbyte wrote:
         | Before Agile management didn't have a hammer to swing at you in
         | the first place. Micromanagement required actual work.
         | 
         | Agile has automated micromanagement for management ...
        
           | elric wrote:
           | Hmm, you might have a point there. Still, it's just a hammer.
           | It's blameless. I guess these management fads just make it
           | easier for lousy managers to do damage?
        
       | dalbasal wrote:
       | Everything about KPIs in this blog, Goodhart's law, the
       | comments... it's all true. That said, I'm not sure KPIs
       | themselves are the centre of this problem.
       | 
       | A national olympic team (or any competitive sports team) using
       | KPIs probably would not experience these problems. They might get
       | over-exuberant and over optimise slightly. Athletes might game
       | the system slightly. But, it's unlikely that a professional
       | sports team degenerates to levels of KPI affliction like an
       | average corporation.
       | 
       | No matter the corruption, olympic teams are made up of people who
       | really want to win medals. Athletes, Coaches. Dieticians.
       | Managers. Administrators. Etc. They're not angels, they're just
       | not as focused on appeasing their boss, managing up, and such.
       | 
       | Group size plays a role. C-level distortion fields play a role.
       | The orgs age. etc. Legibility. "Market" feedback loops. It all
       | ads up to an organisation that can take any management tool and
       | make it pathological.
       | 
       | A commercial example of resilience to bullshit is a classic
       | factory, that ideal "Firm" we based out economic models on. "The
       | job" of manufacturing objects is legible, can be effectively
       | reduced to component parts, measured and optimised. The feedback
       | loop any significant successes and failures is effective.
       | 
       | A young startup with a "lets make it work together and we'll all
       | be rich" vibe can probably use KPIs effectively. There are lots
       | of example, and we intuitively know how this is going to go.
       | 
       | I think it's time to look at some microeconomic questions with
       | the reverse of conventional logic. Why does the financial
       | services sector have sop many employees? Not because of the
       | marginal profit value of the least employee. Because of the
       | revenue. A company with $Xbn and a fat profit margin is (often)
       | going to employ lots of people because it can. At this point, all
       | you need is to lower efficiency to achieve the required output.
        
         | ElevenLathe wrote:
         | The sports team is an interesting case. Many fans (I know the
         | details for MLB, being a fan myself, but the same is true of
         | other sports) feel, essentially, that teams have optimized the
         | wrong KPI: pressure to win has made them emphasize pitching to
         | the point where there is very nearly a pitching change every
         | inning in most games. Meanwhile offense values home run hitters
         | more than ever. The result is more competitive teams but less
         | entertaining games: much of the drama of the game is close
         | plays on fielded balls, while managers, scouts, players, and
         | back office analysts are doing whatever they can to avoid plays
         | like that.
         | 
         | Yes, the team can make the playoffs, but ultimately baseball is
         | an entertainment product -- the goal should be for the games to
         | be fun to watch!
        
       | RecycledEle wrote:
       | Why not make the KPI mirror what you want from the employee?
       | 
       | Here is a book that makes that quite clear. Adam Smith published
       | it in 1776. This is not a new idea.
       | https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/3300
       | 
       | I remember a recent story about Ziff Davis killing old web pages.
       | If that is KPI psychosis, the fault lies with the person who set
       | the KPI to be average page hits, not total page hits across their
       | web footprint.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | The problem is what you really care about is the bottom line.
         | For just-in-time manufacturing this isn't too hard as you make
         | it and sell it at about the same time. However engineering
         | often takes years of work before you can sell anything, and
         | until you do you have no idea how successful you will be,
         | except for proxy measures which might or might not actually
         | line up with long term success. Of course there is a lot of in
         | between.
        
       | switch007 wrote:
       | I wish CEOs would stop flying long haul just so they stop having
       | the time to read the management book du jour and inflict this
       | silly things on the entire company.
        
       | godelski wrote:
       | This really is just "Goodhart's Law" in action. We have a saying
       | "all models are wrong" but I think we also need to make the
       | phrase "all metrics are wrong" more common. Metrics are simply
       | guides. It is also why we say that all rules are mean to be
       | broken. If you rely too heavily on a metric you will only get
       | yourself burned. Unfortunately no matter how good our algorithms
       | are, they won't be any more than a guide. You still unfortunately
       | have to use your brain.
        
       | costanzaDynasty wrote:
       | I worked at a giant mega corp as low rung salesman and the major
       | KPI was sales numbers. Until about June when if sales were
       | looking bad region wide it turned to waste(returns) as the major
       | KPI. If you knew how to straddle the line, by about May you could
       | pivot to the KPI of the moment.
       | 
       | Every year some new hire would go out and sale 15% of sales plan
       | and would be praise as a superstar. The next year they'd be
       | written up for some bs reason and after a few years they would be
       | flushed out.
       | 
       | What did they do wrong? They out performed sales plan in the
       | first year by 15% and that meant that now every other year their
       | plan for the year would add 5% growth on top of the 15%. Since
       | the initial 15% growth was unsustainable the waste grew and
       | magically they were now failing at the 2 major KPI's.
        
         | mmcconnell1618 wrote:
         | I've witnessed this far too often in sales. First, a team lands
         | a giant deal that is far above plan and celebrates with Club
         | status and a trip to a tropical Island. The next year the
         | algorithm decides they need to get that deal + 30% more out of
         | the same customer. There is literally no new workload to sell
         | and the team underperforms plan despite a massive run rate from
         | the original deal.
        
       | MPlus88 wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | nprateem wrote:
       | Business strategy -> objectives -> KPIs. Don't start at the wrong
       | end.
        
       | PaulHoule wrote:
       | I worked at a place where I thought OKRs and KPIs were a big
       | problem, a much bigger problem than this article describes.
       | 
       | This was a startup that was struggling to find product-market
       | fit. Things were generally disorganized and there wasn't a lot of
       | discipline. I couldn't get the data scientists to use the same
       | version of Python or use version control in a disciplined way.
       | The engineering manager told me about a large number of practices
       | that we allegedly used in our code and also told me with did code
       | reviews but when I got involved with that code I found those
       | practices were not being applied and I can't imagine we were
       | really doing code reviews or we would have known.
       | 
       | The most challenging thing I noticed was that we were doing a lot
       | of zigging and zagging to keep up with our enterprise customers
       | who had very different projects. Some of that was intrinsic to
       | what we were doing but it also meant we'd spend a lot of time
       | developing something and then abandon the work which had us
       | spinning our wheels. What we did need, in my mind, was the
       | discipline to deal with that situation, when I am working on my
       | own things like that don't bother me much because I take good
       | news and usually do a good job of restarting projects that are
       | interrupted but my team was not so good at it.
       | 
       | My impression was that the investors really liked the CEO and
       | believed in his vision but didn't trust him 100% so they released
       | the money in dribs and drabs which didn't really help.
       | 
       | We had some consultants tell us all to do OKRs and we were all
       | expected to make up 10-20 quantifiable goals and it struck me (1)
       | a personal distraction, (2) a game that a narcissist can play to
       | make management think his glass is half full and yours is half
       | empty, (3) a distraction for management from "the goal" of
       | finding product-market fit.
        
       | neom wrote:
       | This is a great article. I've consulted with many startups that
       | are really scared of OKRs and KPIs and have some PTSD around
       | them, but they need not be scary!
       | 
       | Here is a scenario:
       | 
       | It's January and Sales is getting feedback from customers that if
       | the business has a managed k8s offering, they would not only buy
       | it but expand their use of the platform generally. Sales passes
       | this information to product and product does some research,
       | finding that indeed there would be a market for a managed k8s
       | offering. They pull together a report and start to shop it around
       | to get feedback and buy in from around the company, consulting
       | with different orgs. After a while, a business case is flushed
       | out and the management green light an MVP k8s offering that will
       | generate revenue by the end of the year. An objective and key
       | result for the business becomes: this year launch a managed k8s
       | offering so a small number of customers with an eye for $50,000
       | MRR.
       | 
       | Every org should then have some performance indicators that
       | indicate that the business is tracking towards the release of
       | this product this year, it doesn't not need to be complex just as
       | the OKR should not and does not need to be complex, it's simply
       | an indicator that we're on track (and it's ok if you're not,
       | maybe the OKR was unrealistic, that's ok!)
       | 
       | Eng: KPI: stand up k8s - KPI: make k8s stable - KPI: make k8s
       | more stable - KPI: tie k8s into the rest of the stack - etc
       | 
       | Product: KPI: Research how k8s should be be exposed - KPI:
       | Research how k8s service should be billed - KPI: MVP product
       | design and test internally - etc
       | 
       | Support: KPI: understand staff to support a new offering - KPI:
       | Training and hiring for new staff to support the offering - etc
       | 
       | Marketing: KPI: understand the message to the market - KPI:
       | understand how competitors are marketing their k8s offering -
       | KPI: understand how to advertise new offering - etc
       | 
       | Etc - etc.
       | 
       | OKRs and KPIs do not have to be a whole song and dance, they are
       | simply a way to keep a company of organizations aligned and
       | moving in the same direction regarding agreed upon objectives for
       | the business, folks get super hung up on granularity. Doing this
       | well helps tie together some of the most important aspects of a
       | healthy and successful go to market: Vision, Mission and Purpose.
       | I understand the vision of the business, the things we will make
       | true in the future. I understand the mission of my team and
       | organization on how we will realize this vision. I understand my
       | purpose within the vision and mission and why I am an important
       | component.
       | 
       | I firmly believe it's only with this as part of your foundation
       | can achieve employee satisfaction, have directionally forward
       | teams, and become a "high performing business".
        
         | awithrow wrote:
         | None of the presented KPIs are quantifiable which misses entire
         | the point of the KPI.
         | 
         | Also its unclear how the team KPIs tie into overall Objective
         | (Key Results are missing here). The way its structured, every
         | team could meet their KPIs and the company could still miss the
         | objective. Eng can build a stable k8s, product could research
         | all the things they want, support could understand everything,
         | marketing could understand everything. If customers don't buy
         | the product, the objective has been missed
         | 
         | I don't say this to pick on you but these examples are typical
         | of what i've seen in practice when orgs roll this out. They end
         | up not really groking the idea behind OKR, and slap the label
         | on a process that is largely similar to what they had before
         | but with a trendy new name. The net result isn't better
         | business outcomes but instead a lot of toil, infighting about
         | why OKRs were missed, gamed KPIs, vague and unhelpful
         | "targets", and a distaste for the whole process.
        
           | neom wrote:
           | Well I've taken 3 business public/sold to public company this
           | way and brought countless to profitability so who knows I
           | guess?
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | indymike wrote:
         | > Marketing: KPI: understand the message to the market - KPI:
         | understand how competitors are marketing their k8s offering -
         | KPI: understand how to advertise new offering - etc
         | 
         | These are objectives, not performance indicators. Please do not
         | redefine KPI to roughly have the same precision as "cloud" or
         | "engagement".
        
           | neom wrote:
           | This is a perfectly reasonable performance indicator for a
           | marketing manager that ties up to a company wide OKR. If you
           | can understand the message to the market in a prescribed time
           | you're tracking towards an OKR.
           | 
           | Please don't redefine KPIs to trend with your experience at
           | small business that will never scale to public ones. Your
           | comment is exactly why business fail.
        
         | candiddevmike wrote:
         | I think I've quit a few companies you consulted for. Your KPI
         | examples are terribly vague.
        
           | neom wrote:
           | Well, I was just giving an example off the top of my head, I
           | agree it's imperfect. However, I think the article is about
           | company wide KPIs for orgs, they don't need to be
           | particularly granular. Team level KPIs might be more granular
           | - for example k8s stability might have some uptime associated
           | with it, but even then, being dogmatic with granular KPIs is
           | exactly what I agree with: it will without fail destroy
           | businesses.
        
         | zabzonk wrote:
         | i still don't understand what KPIs are, and now i have no clue
         | what OKRs are. thanks a lot.
         | 
         | why do so many people think that acronyms used in their bubble
         | will be understood more widely. take IC for instance.
        
       | fanf2 wrote:
       | I like this quip, tho QI says it is due to William Bruce Cameron:
       | 
       | "Everything that can be counted does not necessarily count;
       | everything that counts cannot necessarily be counted."
       | 
       | https://quoteinvestigator.com/2010/05/26/everything-counts-e...
        
       | ChrisCinelli wrote:
       | While working at a big corporation we had a velocity initiative
       | supposedly aimed to lead the company toward continuous
       | integration.
       | 
       | "How long a PR stays open" was one of the KPI in a dashboard.
       | 
       | I said: "Be careful with that!"
       | 
       | People started to close PRs and reopen new PRs with the same
       | code.
       | 
       | Middle managers and sometimes the person in the division that was
       | the point of contact for the velocity initiative were asking to
       | do that.
       | 
       | The script measuring this KPI was improved to look at the branch
       | and the diff of the code. Result? people changing branch and EOL
       | encoding in the new PR
       | 
       | Learnings? B and C players with questionable ethics screw
       | companies quite rapidly.
       | 
       | If you do not have an outstanding company culture, KPI and
       | aligning them with company values is futile.
        
       | Ecstatify wrote:
       | Original Title: How to avoid KPI psychosis in your organization?
        
       | kazanz wrote:
       | The comic in the article is the literal purpose of a KPI. The
       | comic:
       | 
       | "John your commit frequency dropped 25%, are you quiet quitting?"
       | "Sorry boss, I was on sick leave. Next time I'll be more active."
       | 
       | If we had the next box of the comic it would say:
       | 
       | "You're good John, you don't have to be more active, and I'm glad
       | you are feeling better. If you need anything let me know."
       | 
       | The KPI is a leading indicator of something potentially going
       | wrong (or right!) and a signal for management to look deeper. A
       | good manager would connect with the human-being behind the
       | metric, get the full picture, then help.
       | 
       | If management is treating a KPI as a source of truth and ignoring
       | the complex people behind them, then it's a manager problem.
       | 
       | KPIs are not destroying business, bad managers are.
        
       | HughParry wrote:
       | Newest KPI is number of KPIs per month (lower is better). Lets
       | circle back to that discussion later in our OKR chat this Friday
        
       | deeviant wrote:
       | These musing miss the key failing of KPI, Goodhart's Law, "When a
       | measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure".
       | 
       | There are multiple reasons why Goodhart's law tends to be true,
       | but the most obvious one is as soon as people understand X is
       | important, they do or inflate X. If they successful do X, it's
       | often at the cost of other equally or more important but
       | untracked activities, if they inflate it, it's obvious just as
       | bad.
        
       | m3kw9 wrote:
       | KPI's help PM's stay relevant easily by having them talk sht
       | about KPI's that no one understands but them.
        
       | divan wrote:
       | One of the best articles on this subject - Goodhart's Law Isn't
       | as Useful as You Might Think by Common Cog. Good overview of
       | Goodhart's effects and particulary effective practice of fighting
       | it at Amazon from "Working Backwards" book.
       | 
       | https://commoncog.com/goodharts-law-not-useful/
        
       | 23B1 wrote:
       | KPIs are indicators, not measurements.
        
       | steno132 wrote:
       | Hard disagree. KPIs are invaluable for any modern tech business
       | because they provide clarity on what the organization's goals
       | are, and how to achieve them.
       | 
       | Let's say you have a goal to increase revenue by 50%. You come up
       | with a plan, and assign different sub-goals to departments like
       | Marketing, Sales, etc. Each person then gets a sub-goal down to
       | the lowest levels of the org.
       | 
       | KPIs provide incredible org-wide alignment which no other
       | management technique before, or after, them produces nearly as
       | well.
        
         | wetpaws wrote:
         | [dead]
        
       | shortrounddev2 wrote:
       | I saw this at my last company. We had to set 3 OKRs (goals) per
       | quarter, and each OKR had to be measured by 3 KPIs. Changes to
       | these after the first week of the quarter had to be approved by
       | our managers.
       | 
       | Our CEO had the philosophy that if you achieved 100% of your
       | goals every quarter, you weren't being ambitious enough. As a
       | result, we would stop logging progress at ~80% of our goals,
       | which was the threshold to qualify for your bonus
       | 
       | However, scope on projects would change during a quarter, and
       | sometimes the VP would become distracted by another shiny new
       | thing and make us start on his new pet project. As a result, some
       | OKRs were abandoned and would remain at 0% by the end of the
       | quarter.
       | 
       | Now, no manager (especially an engineering manager) wants to be a
       | bad guy with his employees, so my boss often just changed our
       | OKRs (or, if we only achieved 50% of our KPI, would lower the
       | KPI's target) on the last day of the quarter so that we would all
       | qualify for a bonus.
       | 
       | The company was losing 18mil a year and was sold to our
       | competitor at a 100mil loss for the parent company
        
         | tuckerpo wrote:
         | Did we work for the same company? Same deal - 3 OKRs/quarter,
         | with bonus tied to company completion of OKRs. People would
         | just claim OKR success a few days before bonus payout with no
         | justification, and the bonus would get paid out anyway. No
         | post-mortem reflection, no introspection on whether or not a
         | good incentive structure was in place -- simple: is the OKR box
         | checked? Here's 20k!
        
           | shortrounddev2 wrote:
           | If it was an ad tech company that specializes in video then
           | yes
        
         | hobs wrote:
         | I have worked in ~21 different positions around industries,
         | with about half in the software world.
         | 
         | I have seen this over and over again - a company made up of
         | good engineers without focus doesn't do very well, unless its
         | has accidentally fallen in a market where they have few to no
         | competitors and this circumstance encourages even more lack of
         | focus, because who are you even competing against?.
         | 
         | Even companies that have bad practices and processes, their eng
         | isn't that great, and often putrid management behavior, the
         | focus on a specific goal that customers want made MONEY and
         | sold companies.
         | 
         | In my experience almost all of that came down to the CEO
         | wanting to hold the line and do the thing that we needed.
        
           | datadrivenangel wrote:
           | Clarity of vision above all else is what drives a business
           | forward.
        
         | athenot wrote:
         | > which was the threshold to qualify for your bonus
         | 
         | This is the problem: tying OKRs to bonuses. It sounds so
         | logical from a naive standpoint and yet it has so many
         | detrimental side-effects.
         | 
         | Where I'm at, we have a hybrid system that works quite well.
         | OKRs are divorced from bonuses; and they are always "Stretch
         | OKRs", ie. ambitious ones. Essentially they are the compass
         | where team is headed. Then there are MBOs which are tied to
         | bonuses. These are very conservative, so that the bonuses are
         | attainable.
         | 
         | With this system, in practice, the MBOs are the subset of the
         | Key Results that actually seem achievable within the quarter.
         | 
         | Of course there's a functional way to play this game and a
         | dysfunctional one.
         | 
         | Working, functional version: spend time defining actual
         | Objectives, _regardless of whether we know how to measure
         | them_. That last point is very important. Only when the
         | Objectives are defined (and they are almost always qualitative
         | in nature), THEN come up with Key Results, to try to quantify
         | the objective (and be open to adusting that). Finally, pick out
         | the KRs that can be realistic, and make them the MBOs.
         | 
         | Dysfuntional version: start at the opposite side. Define MBOs.
         | Then Key Results. And finally, try to BS some form of
         | Objectives to make it all sound coherent. This biases towards
         | both what is easy to measure and easy to quantify, to the
         | detriment of business needs.
        
           | letitbeirie wrote:
           | > tying OKRs to bonuses
           | 
           | Goodhart's Law: "Any observed statistical regularity will
           | tend to collapse once pressure is placed upon it for control
           | purposes."
           | 
           | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goodhart%27s_law
        
         | wyuenho wrote:
         | There is this thing called stretch goals in OKR that is
         | supposed to be really hard to achieve. So if you meet all 100%,
         | you either don't have these stretch goals or the team is lying.
         | 
         | Now of course, whether OKR works depends on culture as well.
         | Sometimes, asking people to stretch amounts to asking them to
         | work harder, so naturally the system will be gamed in that
         | context.
        
           | mejutoco wrote:
           | If the KPI is not an objective number (for instance, profit
           | ratio or absolute revenue or Lifetime Value per Customer for
           | x vertical) available on a dashboard I think it is not
           | useful.
           | 
           | You can set up OKRs like improving customer experience and,
           | at the end of the day, someone will declare that they have
           | been accomplished or not based on their preference of
           | employees or mood. That is functionally the same as saying
           | this bonus is optional and we might give it to you if we feel
           | like it.
           | 
           | It is a pity because well chosen KPIs that employees try to
           | optimize for can make a company work great. But they need to
           | be _very_ well chosen. This, like economics indicators, often
           | requires creativity and technical knowledge.
        
           | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
           | What we are learning from this thread is that OKR completion
           | percentage is a very bad surrogate metric for OKR difficulty.
           | That's not surprising; it's very hard for managers to
           | evaluate the ambitiousness of individual OKRs unless they are
           | technical experts, whereas completion percentage is an easy
           | surrogate that _should_ correlate with effort and achievement
           | difficulty. Completion percentage is easily and directly
           | measurable, so of course the CEO rewards that instead. Except
           | that it correlates positively with effort and negatively with
           | difficulty, so it cannot simultaneously incentivize working
           | hard on difficult tasks, resulting in terrible counter-
           | incentives and gaming.
        
         | banannaise wrote:
         | KPIs are great for self-accountability. They give you a clear
         | goal to track toward and a measurable read on your progress
         | both during and after.
         | 
         | As an oversight measure, they fail for the same reasons as
         | every other oversight measure.
         | 
         | Hire people you can trust, give them skin in the game, and then
         | _trust them_. If you exclusively interact with me via the
         | carrot and stick, I will recognize the lack of trust and
         | respond with an equal lack of trust.
        
           | nine_zeros wrote:
           | > carrot and stick
           | 
           | There is too much of this on our industry, and inevitably the
           | churn in our industry matches the service industry.
           | 
           | And then management is surprised when engineers burn out and
           | stop caring. I mean, do they not understand reciprocation?
           | Did they really think treating people like horses will keep
           | people honest and invested in the success of the company and
           | the team?
        
           | akira2501 wrote:
           | KPIs are great for extracting additional value beyond the
           | agreed upon job responsibilities. If you can't measure my
           | contributions to your bottom line directly, then _you've_
           | made an accounting mistake, not me.
        
         | itsoktocry wrote:
         | > _As a result, we would stop logging progress at ~80% of our
         | goals, which was the threshold to qualify for your bonus_
         | 
         | I feel like you're stating this as "Look how silly KPIs are!",
         | but your CEO is correct. The issue isn't the KPIs; it's the
         | team members who are willing to intentionally game a system in
         | conflict with overarching company goals.
         | 
         | There's nothing magical about KPIs. It's data. How you apply it
         | matters. If your team wants to take advantage of it for selfish
         | reasons, there's nothing stopping them.
        
           | bicijay wrote:
           | Someone gamed a system created to be gamed? :pikachu_face:
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | The real failure is the CEO didn't make a system where by
             | gaming it you made things better for the company. This is a
             | hard problem - but CEOs are paid big bucks to solve hard
             | problems like this.
        
               | bonoboTP wrote:
               | There's basically always some kind of monkey's paw
               | shortcut to any formalized metric passed top-down.
               | 
               | The converse is that there are also always novel ways to
               | differentiate yourself bottom-up from the mere
               | shortcutters. This is basically how fads form. Something
               | novel appears that is first a great signal for honest
               | quality work, then it gets formalized and imitated and it
               | becomes less predictive, so those who are in the business
               | of creating true value must come up with new ways to
               | demonstrate this.
        
               | gemstones wrote:
               | This is why you should switch up criteria you give
               | bonuses by on a bi-annual basis. People who game your
               | system only get 6 months of time to enjoy it. You're left
               | with people who can game every metric or people who are
               | just so good they look good no matter what metric you
               | pick. The first group is hard to deal with, but they
               | would be hard to deal with anyways.
        
               | bonoboTP wrote:
               | Or you could keep the metrics secret before evaluation.
               | Except secrets are hard to keep and non-transparent.
               | 
               | One also has to consider whether the people who define
               | the KPIs are _themselves_ properly incentivized. How are
               | _they_ evaluated? Could there be some perverse incentive
               | to set gameable KPIs that get hit easier? Maybe the KPI
               | setter is in some sense in on the game and complicit?
               | Very complicated stuff. What if the business gets
               | destroyed in the process? Who does that hurt in reality
               | and how much?
        
           | NTDF9 wrote:
           | > I feel like you're stating this as "Look how silly KPIs
           | are!", but your CEO is correct. The issue isn't the KPIs;
           | it's the team members who are willing to intentionally game a
           | system in conflict with overarching company goals.
           | 
           | The real issue is - KPIs are used to incentivize or PIP
           | employees. Why are you setting the employees in a game that
           | is in conflict with your company's overarching goals?
        
           | KyleJune wrote:
           | If you create a financial incentive for a behavior, you're
           | telling your employees you want to see that behavior. If it
           | was a problem and KPIs work, they should have changed them to
           | make them align more with the business needs.
        
             | bonoboTP wrote:
             | > If you create a financial incentive for a behavior,
             | you're telling your employees you want to see that
             | behavior.
             | 
             | And it's not just individual people modifying their
             | behavior to game things, but more of an evolutionary
             | process that the people who tend towards gaming things will
             | get better bonuses, better reviews, better CVs, hence
             | better next jobs, in perpetuity.
             | 
             | "Don't game it" can't be a simple solution. If there are
             | people who game things, and they accumulate rewards for it,
             | you will just see them out compete the nongamers. You are
             | basically telling people to sacrifice their and their
             | family's financial position for the sake of the
             | corporation.
             | 
             | Everything can and will be gamed. But at the same time if
             | many game it, managers will really want to see evidence of
             | nongaming, so employees are also incentivized to signal
             | their honesty, but this must be given some kind of channel
             | too. If managers myopically focus on gameable metrics, then
             | their loss. You must alwas leave a door open for receiving
             | honesty signals through some kinds of side channels. These
             | must always be somewhat amorphous because the moment you
             | define them, they become gameable.
             | 
             | In other words, no recipe, stay alert, try to cooperate but
             | don't be a pushover, etc.
        
             | itsoktocry wrote:
             | > _If you create a financial incentive for a behavior, you
             | 're telling your employees you want to see that behavior._
             | 
             | What a cop-out. _Everyone_ should want the company to
             | succeed. So why not say  "Hey, boss, this KPI won't work,
             | here's what might happen..." instead of _literally_ working
             | less than needed to prove some point? It 's dishonest.
        
               | Eisenstein wrote:
               | When corporations have a duty to their employees and not
               | to the shareholders, then that is when the employees will
               | start to care about the company. As it is, you are asking
               | for a one-way-street. Companies will hire and lay people
               | off as economic tides turn, but then you say that the
               | workers owe loyalty? I don't think so.
        
               | KyleJune wrote:
               | If you want employees to prioritize the companies success
               | over a metric, you should make yours and their interests
               | align. Employees may fear pushing back against bad
               | metrics because it might make them look bad saying they
               | can't meet them or that they think they know better than
               | their boss.
        
               | smif wrote:
               | I feel like that's where most people probably start, and
               | then get some response like "we can't change the KPI's
               | because blah blah" or get the runaround. Once you have
               | established that you have no agency to change the system
               | is when you are sort of incentivized to let it fail in
               | hopes that a better system replaces it one day. You also
               | don't wanna piss too many people off that may be invested
               | in the current system because you want those references
               | for your next job.
        
               | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
               | Keep in mind, the context of this discussion is that
               | someone who works really hard and completes 90% of their
               | KPIs ahead of schedule will now be financially penalized
               | by the CEO for reporting any additional progress.
        
               | shortrounddev2 wrote:
               | > Everyone should want the company to succeed
               | 
               | The company has no interest in my success, why should I
               | care if the company succeeds? It has no effect on me if
               | it does.
               | 
               | "That's my only real motivation is not to be hassled,
               | that and the fear of losing my job. But you know, Bob,
               | that will only make someone work just hard enough not to
               | get fired"
               | 
               | - Office Space
        
           | ppseafield wrote:
           | >> if you achieved 100% of your goals every quarter, you
           | weren't being ambitious enough
           | 
           | The CEO directly created the perverse incentive: actually
           | hitting your goals only meant more work.
           | 
           | > How you apply it matters.
           | 
           | The CEO applied KPIs in a way that disincentived hitting your
           | targets, and the team responded accordingly.
        
             | itsoktocry wrote:
             | > _The CEO directly created the perverse incentive:
             | actually hitting your goals only meant more work._
             | 
             | You say this as if employees are absolved of any
             | responsibility to the performance of the company. You're
             | not clever for saying, "Oh, 100% means we weren't
             | ambitious? Then we'll work 80% as hard." In fact, I think
             | you'd have to be pretty dense to not understand the
             | _intention_ of the KPI: set lofty goals and try to get
             | there.
             | 
             | If you don't think it's working, why not go back with ideas
             | to improve it, rather than doing less work? I mean, this
             | company literally failed (from the sounds of it) and people
             | here are blaming the CEOs KPIs versus the employees who
             | intentionally work less to game the system. Strange.
        
               | unethical_ban wrote:
               | If a boss gives me a list of five things to do and tells
               | me if I do 4 of them that's perfect, 5 and I didn't set
               | goals properly , I'm going to do 4. Particularly if my
               | compensation depends on only doing 4.
               | 
               | It boils down to that ridiculous "stretch goals shouldn't
               | be achievable because you should be shooting for the
               | unattainable". If you want to have that mindset, don't
               | beat the exployees for achieving everything. Beat
               | yourself for not curating their goals.
        
               | ppseafield wrote:
               | > think you'd have to be pretty dense to not understand
               | the intention of the KPI: set lofty goals and try to get
               | there.
               | 
               | So, hypothetically if I busted my ass for three months
               | straight to hit 100%, just to be told "Oh, your goals
               | were set too low, so here's more work", what incentive at
               | that point do I have to work even harder? The new
               | target's 80% was my last target's 100%, which I struggled
               | to hit (because as you said, these goals are lofty). So
               | if I bust my ass even more, do even more overtime, what
               | do I get then? "Your goals were set too low, so here's
               | more work." Do I just continue this until I burn out? Or
               | do I hit 80 of my target so my workload doesn't spiral
               | out of control, and I get exactly the same bonus?
               | 
               | > I mean, this company literally failed (from the sounds
               | of it) and people here are blaming the CEOs KPIs versus
               | the employees who intentionally work less to game the
               | system. Strange.
               | 
               | Employees gaming their KPIs is a reaction to and a direct
               | result of the CEO's "if you hit 100%, you didn't work
               | hard enough" policy. CEOs using constantly moving targets
               | and increasingly unrealistic expectations to extract
               | every last drop of productivity out of their employees is
               | met with an equally maximizing reaction: employees find a
               | maximum amount of time and energy they can spend such
               | that the status quo is preserved and the bar doesn't move
               | as high next time.
               | 
               | I would bet KPIs were not the main reason that company
               | went under. Obviously we don't have specifics, and
               | companies rarely fail for one reason. I didn't blame the
               | CEO for the company going under either - I simply pointed
               | out the perverse incentive.
        
               | shortrounddev2 wrote:
               | As the saying goes: if everyone around you is an asshole,
               | you're the asshole.
               | 
               | If you create a system which is abused by 100% of
               | employees, that's on you. Everyone who works at a company
               | does so for their own personal benefit. You can moralize
               | about it if you want, but I doubt you would work for a
               | company if it didn't provide an incentive structure of
               | some kind.
               | 
               | > why not go back with ideas to improve it
               | 
               | I was a junior developer working for a 1500 person
               | company. What should I do, demand an audience with the
               | CEO, who lived in a different country?
        
               | Consultant32452 wrote:
               | I don't care if the company fails and there's no amount
               | of emotional manipulation that can ever make me care.
               | Only double-digit percentage ownership could make me
               | care. Of course you can't get double-digit percentage
               | ownership of a big company like Facebook, but in a
               | company that big there's almost nothing I'm doing to move
               | the needle anyways so there's no reason to be concerned,
               | any shares are gambles.
               | 
               | I do care about my professional reputation. I'm highly
               | skilled and understand how to improve social dynamics on
               | a team, making me very valuable to have around. Clever
               | leadership will figure out a way to align my skills with
               | their own goals. But, if they don't, that's their
               | problem.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | > I don't care if the company fails and there's no amount
               | of emotional manipulation that can ever make me care.
               | Only double-digit percentage ownership could make me
               | care.
               | 
               | That's the bottom line, isn't it? If the CEO wants to
               | align employees' behavior and motivation with his own, he
               | needs to structure the employees' compensation to be like
               | his own compensation. If my compensation is just a
               | "competitive" salary and a few token stonks, then I'm
               | going to do a 9-5 job and hit the required 80% of my KPIs
               | before I go home for the day. If my compensation consists
               | of life-changing equity? I'll work days, nights,
               | weekends, and holidays.
        
               | fendy3002 wrote:
               | Goodhart's law:
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goodhart%27s_law
               | 
               | Tracking and measuring KPI is good, without it the
               | company won't know it's current performance and how to
               | fix / improve it (though beware on burnout). However when
               | it's become target with financial incentive, it ceases to
               | be good measure, because everyone will try to optimize
               | things to reach the target.
               | 
               | Velocity (work complete / planned * 100%) should always
               | be a measurement, because it can help to identify errors
               | in workflow / team member, and prevent demotivation when
               | they need to perform task outside their goal.
        
               | Goronmon wrote:
               | _If you don 't think it's working, why not go back with
               | ideas to improve it, rather than doing less work?_
               | 
               | Doesn't sound like "less work", it sounds like they did
               | the amount of work management wanted them to do. Just
               | like working 40 hours a week is "less work" than 60 hours
               | a week, but I'm not going to work 60 hour weeks just
               | because of some sentimentality around the company being
               | successful.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | _> If you don 't think it's working, why not go back with
               | ideas to improve it, rather than doing less work_
               | 
               | the description give didn't make me think it's the kind
               | of workplace where the CEO is going around asking people,
               | "what can I fundamentally change about our goal setting
               | process?"
               | 
               | in any case, goals should be achievable, so if you punish
               | someone for achieving them, you messed up
        
               | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
               | As it turns out, crafting good incentives is the
               | responsibility of management, it's a really hard problem,
               | and CEOs tend to be reluctant to use the same method that
               | boards use to incentivize _them_ : a gigantic package of
               | long-dated stock options. Maybe they think it doesn't
               | work very well.
        
             | commandlinefan wrote:
             | The really depressing thing about this thread is that OP is
             | the one who will probably end up being our boss.
        
             | smachiz wrote:
             | Yes and no. There's another view where employees set
             | actually ambitious goals and only get 90% of the way there
             | and are still rewarded and the company also wins.
             | 
             | If you are hitting your goals every quarter, that is a
             | great thing - but I tend to agree, at the other end of the
             | spectrum you have people setting easily achieved goals to
             | check a box.
             | 
             | The real issue is weeding out people just there to check a
             | box when you're small, and when you're large, it's
             | designing a system that internalizes a lot of your
             | employees are there to check a box.
        
               | shortrounddev2 wrote:
               | the vast majority of workers do not internalize empathy
               | for their company. They are there for the paycheck. You
               | can either thrash against the entirety of the human race
               | and demand that people lie to your face about how much
               | they care about the company's goals, or you can create a
               | system which takes advantage of the self-serving nature
               | of your employees so that their goals align with your own
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | itsoktocry wrote:
               | > _They are there for the paycheck._
               | 
               | Well the paycheck ends when the company folds. "Doing
               | good work" is in the best interest of all parties.
        
               | meesles wrote:
               | > Well the paycheck ends when the company folds
               | 
               | So, you get another job. With great odds of increasing
               | your salary more than you could at your current position.
               | There's really few downsides for workers in having this
               | attitude.
        
               | zer8k wrote:
               | For years I was the one who went above and beyond. I
               | thought of brand new ideas, approaches, and wrote so much
               | code some weeks would just fly by.
               | 
               | You know what happened?
               | 
               | 1. I got even more work. So much more that I no longer
               | had the freedom to explore and think.
               | 
               | 2. The carrot on the stick would be re-attached to a
               | longer stick. It was never enough. I was performing
               | "exceptionally" but my yearly review would never move me
               | closer to my goal.
               | 
               | 3. I would end up getting tied down in a bunch of stuff
               | from (1) that ended up leading to burnout because I was
               | no longer working in a place where I felt useful and
               | needed.
               | 
               | 4. I still got laid off.
               | 
               | Now, I just go to work and come home. I am pissed I even
               | have to do pagerduty because 9/10 times the problem is
               | someone wasn't given enough time, creating a bug, which
               | was then subsequently never addressed because aGiLe
               | methodology says you only move forward.
               | 
               | "High power" CEOs and PMP-certified project morons are
               | the reason why people's care for your product ends with
               | their paycheck. No amount of "demo days", "email
               | updates", or metrics will fix it. I, and everyone who is
               | like me, will game your metrics until they stop being
               | useful. It's not malicious. It's an optimization. If you
               | want me to do exactly what your metrics ask I will.
               | Nothing more, nothing less. You pay me for 80 hours a
               | check, you get 80 hours. Nothing more, nothing less. If
               | you don't want me to think I won't. Afterall, I'd rather
               | save my brain cycles for things I enjoy. You're paying me
               | to squander my talent. That's YOUR problem. Not mine.
        
               | shortrounddev2 wrote:
               | There are more companies. I also tend to abandon ship
               | before the company folds. I left before the 100mil loss
               | and subsequent layoff.
               | 
               | Additionally, at such a large company (1500 people), my
               | individual efforts have little to no effect on whether or
               | not a multinational corporation goes under.
        
               | ipsento606 wrote:
               | > Well the paycheck ends when the company folds. "Doing
               | good work" is in the best interest of all parties.
               | 
               | Option A is being an average worker, not trying
               | especially hard, not thinking about work outside of work
               | hours, and having absolutely no emotional investment
               | whatsoever in the wellbeing of the company - and
               | _potentially_ having to get a new job in a few years
               | time, often with a pay increase
               | 
               | Option B is "doing good work", "going the extra mile",
               | "being a rock star", putting in lots extra time and
               | effort and emotional energy (for years!) - just on the
               | tiny chance that your particular efforts will be the
               | difference between the company folding vs. being
               | successful
               | 
               | Option A sounds a hell of a lot better to me than option
               | B.
        
               | nonameiguess wrote:
               | This is the "I swear communism works, you just need
               | people who actually care about worker life quality and
               | aren't tyrants to lead the revolution" school of org
               | theory.
        
               | smachiz wrote:
               | I mean, that's also probably true. Best form of
               | government is a benevolent dictator and all that...
               | 
               | More that you have to have realistic expectations when
               | you structure an org, that people doing the work are
               | going to pad and sandbag in successive tiers up, and
               | people in charge of outcomes are going to push for bigger
               | and more down.
        
               | nottorp wrote:
               | I would have laughed at that if i hadn't lived the first
               | 14 years of my life in a communist country...
        
               | 93po wrote:
               | Does capitalism work?
        
               | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
               | Interestingly, individual firms behave more as centrally-
               | planned economies, and market activity is mostly absent
               | inside of them. This is a long-studied curiosity:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_the_firm
        
               | Propelloni wrote:
               | The book _The People's Republic of Walmart_ by Leigh
               | Phillips <sp?> and Michael Rozowski <sp?> makes a
               | compelling argument why employing the same technologies
               | companies use to manage supply chains and decision making
               | on a state level could actually produce a working
               | communist system.
               | 
               | Of course, we first would need to agree that this is
               | desirable and that's probably the point where it breaks
               | down.
        
           | snarf21 wrote:
           | Goodhart's Law says this will never work. That is the
           | problem.
           | 
           | Upton Sinclair -- 'It is difficult to get a man to understand
           | something, when his salary depends on his not understanding
           | it.'
        
           | makeitdouble wrote:
           | The CEO doesn't have a grip on the employees' motivation,
           | couldn't set convincing evaluation standards, and couldn't
           | come up with a system that doesn't conflict company goals.
           | 
           | I'm not sure where you see the correct part.
        
       | siva7 wrote:
       | KPIs have always been there. They just had before another name.
       | Businesses are still alive.
        
         | the_af wrote:
         | Mind you, the article never states that "KPIs are destroying
         | businesses". That's just the clickbait title HN for some reason
         | chose for TFA, not the actual title.
        
       | koliber wrote:
       | KPIs can be used to measure and direct attention to problems or
       | successes. KPIs can also be used to drive change. KPIs are rarely
       | used for much more than vanity metrics. The article describes the
       | situation nicely.
       | 
       | Like any system, KPIs can be tweaked and made to work for you, to
       | accomplish your goals. The key is to start by asking why you want
       | the metric.
       | 
       | Sometimes the answer "to appease management" is the right answer.
       | Marketing does matter! More often though you can come up with a
       | better goal for your metrics and it will make your team and
       | company more successful.
        
       | mhb wrote:
       | For the handful of dullards like me: KPI = Key Performance
       | Indicator https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Performance_indicator
        
       | gitfan86 wrote:
       | I was hired at a pretty big startup because I came from a small
       | startup where I had delivered close to 100% uptime.
       | 
       | I pretty quickly realized that their outages were due to their
       | KPIs being based on jira and GitHub statistics only.
       | 
       | The hilarious thing was that after 6 months they started to
       | complain about my GitHub stats. And everytime I asked why they
       | are not tracking downtime since that is why they hired me in the
       | first place. And they basically said it was too hard to track.
        
       | culebron21 wrote:
       | Having economics degree, I figured this out of evolutionary
       | dynamics theory -- a more sophisticated creature will outplay a
       | less sophisticated (in this case it's an employee with creativity
       | against a manager that just uses KPI).
       | 
       | Later I found out this rule was articulated in mid-XX-century in
       | sociology -- the Goodhart's law: "a metric stops being a good
       | metric as soon as it is used to make decisions".
        
       | Helmut10001 wrote:
       | Wow, the new title is so much clearer than the business speak
       | that was before it. Thank you, HN.
        
       | adamc wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
       | Alex_Bell wrote:
       | I agree completely that discussing the size of KPIs without
       | considering the company's strategy and its Balanced Scorecard
       | (BSC) is meaningless. KPIs cannot be isolated metrics; they must
       | be directly related to overall goals and strategic directions of
       | the company. Without understanding what specific aspects of the
       | business and tasks these indicators reflect, discussing their
       | size becomes a futile activity.
       | 
       | Balanced Scorecards provide a holistic view of how different
       | aspects of a company's activities relate to each other and to the
       | overall strategy. They help identify causal relationships between
       | different indicators and goals. It's important for leaders not
       | only to define KPIs but also to clearly explain the logic behind
       | their formation to KPI owners, and to demonstrate how these
       | metrics fit into the context of the strategy and the BSC.
       | 
       | Unfortunately, a lack of information and understanding of this
       | logic can lead to misinterpreting KPIs and, consequently, to
       | misaligned behavior or a focus on irrelevant metrics. Therefore,
       | it's crucial for leadership to actively educate KPI owners and
       | help them see the bigger picture -- how their work contributes to
       | the achievement of the company's overall objectives.
        
       | fhd2 wrote:
       | I wish more companies would be able to work with KPIs as _one_
       | part of the equation, rather than the be all end all. I haven't
       | seen a lot of that :(
       | 
       | In my experience, data driveness quickly leads to an unhealthy
       | focus on short term results - cause that's usually what's most
       | straightforward to measure and impact. What you get is teams
       | hunting local maxima. What's missing is the guts to follow a
       | vision/intuition regardless of what the numbers say, at least
       | some of the time.
       | 
       | It seems hard to accept that we can't measure everything that
       | impacts the long term success of a company, but I don't see why
       | that typically translates to not caring about it altogether.
        
         | passwordoops wrote:
         | >data driveness quickly leads to an unhealthy focus on short
         | term results
         | 
         | In my experience it's not data, but when finance and/or sales
         | call the shots. Their incentives are quarterly so without good
         | engineering pushback you get a lack of long term vision
        
         | tomrod wrote:
         | The general approach is: performance, when measured, improves;
         | performance, when measured and reported, improves
         | exponentially.
         | 
         | KPIs might be defined incorrectly, but their use is simple and
         | straightforward for people to understand. This gives rise to
         | Goodhart's Law, "when a measure becomes a target, it ceases to
         | be a good measure." The best KPI is something that can't be
         | gamed by those whose performance is being measured. This is
         | probably impossible in practice.
        
         | pipo234 wrote:
         | Managers like dashboards. KPIs are dashboards.
         | 
         | Your car dashboard is great for staying within speed limit, but
         | now try driving without taking your eyes from the speed dial.
         | :-)
        
           | midasuni wrote:
           | My car has a HUD which puts the current limit and the speed
           | I'm doing on the windscreen
        
           | stefanka wrote:
           | great analogy!
        
             | phalf wrote:
             | It's even great in the sense that a speedometer tends to
             | make people aim for "I need to go 65 mph" instead of "I
             | should not go above 65 mph" which a speed limit is actually
             | intended to mean. The speed limit became a target instead
             | of being a limit.
        
               | gjm11 wrote:
               | Traffic flows more smoothly when everyone is going at
               | about the same speed. To achieve this without
               | communication between vehicles, you need some "obvious"
               | speed for everyone to try to drive at. In many contexts
               | the speed limit fits this need pretty well.
               | 
               | There are situations where it doesn't. These are mostly
               | also situations where the speed limit doesn't work
               | terribly well _as a limit_ either. For instance, bad
               | weather or winding roads may mean that driving at or near
               | the limit is unsafe. In that case, sure, it 's not good
               | for everyone to coordinate on driving at the speed limit,
               | but it's also not good for everyone to think of the speed
               | limit as the right upper bound for driving to be safe.
               | 
               | So I think that in most situations either (1) treating
               | the speed limit as a rough target as well as a limit is
               | mostly a good idea, or (2) the speed you try to use as a
               | _limit_ should be something other than the nominal speed
               | limit.
        
               | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
               | Vehicles can all synchronize speed independently based on
               | a well-tuned control law while observing only the
               | distance to the vehicle in front of them. So looking out
               | the window is sufficient for that, if the drivers are not
               | terrible.
               | 
               | If driving at the speed limit on a winding road is
               | unsafe, the speed limit is probably too high for that
               | road. But in practice, it's complex, winding roads that
               | cause people to drive at reasonable speeds, rather than
               | numbers posted on signs.
        
               | Arch-TK wrote:
               | The speed limit being a target is how it is treated in
               | driver education and tests in the UK.
               | 
               | You can fail a driving test if you spend too much time
               | driving more than ~5 miles per hour below the speed limit
               | in safe conditions.
        
               | tristor wrote:
               | This is largely because speed limits are too low. In safe
               | conditions, most roadways are built in such a way that a
               | modern vehicle can safely go 10-20mph over the speed
               | limit without difficulty or increased risk. There are
               | several reasons for this.
               | 
               | The point though is that timidity in a driver is actually
               | more dangerous than exceeding the speed limit. Being
               | consistently below the speed limit is a strong sign of
               | timidity.
        
               | panragon wrote:
               | I don't think it's so much about the timidity of the
               | driver, it's the effect on driving slow has on people
               | behind you. Driving below the speed limit increases the
               | amount of drivers who need to do overtaking, which are
               | moments substantially more dangerous than just driving
               | straight. If it _weren 't_ for forcing other people to
               | overtake I don't think we'd really care, even if it was a
               | sign of timidity.
               | 
               | Very common to see older people drive slow on the highway
               | because going 100KM/h seems scary to them. This is, of
               | course, absurd, since driving 80KM/hs on a 100KM/h road
               | causes way more moments for bad things to happen because
               | you're forcing _everyone_ to merge into the speed lane,
               | including trucks with bigger blind spots, rather then
               | only the drivers choosing to go above the speed limit. If
               | you do this you should absolutely be fined, and that 's
               | not because it's a good metric for timidity (which I
               | agree can be bad for drivers in general), but rather that
               | the action itself causes harm.
        
               | phalf wrote:
               | > Driving below the speed limit increases the amount of
               | drivers who need to do overtaking,
               | 
               | Nobody "needs" to overtake or is "forced" to doing
               | something dangerous outside safe margins. Seriously, this
               | is blame shifting when somebody does something stupid.
               | When you do, it's 100% on you.
               | 
               | 100km/h on a highway with everybody otherwise going
               | 130km/h is rare. This is about a 65mph road (100km/h?)
               | where somebody goes 95km/h and everybody behind them goes
               | berserk. That's an attitude that needs to change, not by
               | the 95km/h driver, but by everybody behind. Going 100km/h
               | is not a right, does not force you to do stupid
               | overtaking maneuvers and the time you lose by going
               | 95km/h is negligible. At least it's substantially less
               | than you'd expect, since there are many other factors
               | that slow you down on a journey. You rarely drive for 3
               | hours straight, no interruptions, no other traffic on the
               | road. Even if you did, doing 100km/h instead of 95km/h
               | would get you there by 9 minutes earlier. That's the
               | upper limit here, but you are likely going to save less
               | than 5 min. After 3 hours.
        
               | tristor wrote:
               | We (for some measure of we, but at least the US and most
               | Commonwealth countries) have laws against this. It's
               | called "Impeding the Flow of Traffic". As far as it
               | matters, you are absolutely and directly wrong about your
               | statement here. It's the 95km/h driver that needs to
               | change.
               | 
               | You seem to have an agenda in your comments here, and in
               | some of them I think you have a point, in this one you
               | are overplaying your hand.
        
               | phalf wrote:
               | 50mph on a 65mph road may be "impeding the flow of
               | traffic". 63mph certainly isn't.
               | 
               | I'm a bit confused regarding your insinuation of an
               | "agenda" in my comments? I've been in enough situations
               | where somebody behind me or others on the road was
               | endangering everybody just because the car in front of
               | them wasn't going the $safe_margin_above that they were
               | expecting of everybody. So they go like 3ft behind them
               | and put pressure and stress on people. It's a dangerous
               | mentality that can get people killed. It's not the "slow
               | person" (going at 63mph) that's the danger in that
               | scenario.
        
               | gmac wrote:
               | I think this is overstated.
               | 
               | My driving instructor was (rightly) very hot on the
               | principle that you must always be able to stop within the
               | distance you can see. Speed limits are not set with this
               | in mind.
               | 
               | In the UK, for example, that means that on winding
               | country roads you should often be doing a lot less than
               | the 60mph speed limit.
        
               | tristor wrote:
               | I agree with your instructor. That said, modern cars can
               | stop in /much/ shorter distances than previously, largely
               | thanks to improvements in tire technology.
               | 
               | Nearly every production vehicle available today can brake
               | from 60mph in less than 140ft, more performance oriented
               | vehicles can do so in under 120ft. The standards for
               | "safe stopping distance" used in the US triple this
               | distance to account for slowed reaction time because
               | drivers are not attentive.
               | 
               | Realistically less than doubling these figures is correct
               | for attentive drivers. 60mph is 88 feet per second, and 1
               | second is plenty of reaction time for an attentive
               | driver, meaning 200-240ft total stopping distance, closer
               | to double the distance the vehicle is capable of rather
               | than triple.
               | 
               | So if the visibility is less than 200-240ft, you should
               | be going slower than 60mph. 240ft isn't very far in a car
               | though, it's roughly the distance traveled in 3 seconds
               | at 60mph. There's certainly some country roads I'd slow
               | down on, but if you're paying attention you're well good
               | on most.
               | 
               | For what it's worth, the average reaction time of a gamer
               | is 150ms, so a full second is plenty of margin of error.
        
               | phalf wrote:
               | > the average reaction time of a gamer is 150ms
               | 
               | It's rare that those gamers have a crying toddler in the
               | backseat while being sleep deprived and the sun coming
               | from a less than perfect angle.
        
               | zanellato19 wrote:
               | > The point though is that timidity in a driver is
               | actually more dangerous than exceeding the speed limit.
               | 
               | This is a bizarre claim, since most accidents/deaths
               | would be avoided by cars being slower. Unless you have
               | data on this, this is just "I like to drive faster" with
               | more words.
        
               | tristor wrote:
               | Nearly every study on the topic has concluded that faster
               | vehicles get into less accidents, but the accidents they
               | do get into are more likely to be fatal. Conflating
               | accident rate and fatality rate means you can't see the
               | forest for the trees.
               | 
               | At any rate, neither statistic has anything to do with my
               | claim. Timidity is dangerous because it's unpredictable
               | and creates a rolling roadblock. The most dangerous thing
               | while driving is /other drivers/. Being able to predict
               | their behavior and avoiding having to overtake both
               | greatly reduce risk. Timidity increases both of these
               | risks significantly.
        
               | phalf wrote:
               | > Nearly every study on the topic has concluded that
               | faster vehicles get into less accidents
               | 
               | Citations definitely needed. Not just of the studies that
               | perhaps support your point, but of the reviews that do a
               | quantitative overview of that the majority of studies
               | conclude what you claim. Everything else is "I want to
               | drive fast, slow grannies out of my way".
        
               | phalf wrote:
               | > This is largely because speed limits are too low.
               | 
               | Research is clear. For every 5mph increase on a highway
               | you can calculate how many people per year per mile will
               | die more.
               | 
               | If you want more people to die, then sure, speed limits
               | are too low.
        
           | jollyllama wrote:
           | Indeed. There's no substitute for vision.
        
           | zerkten wrote:
           | Do managers actually like dashboards and KPIs? Not all
           | managers report directly into the CEO, so suffer from the
           | problems as much as their underlings.
           | 
           | Management want indicators of certainty and progress with the
           | least effort possible. Superficially, dashboards composed of
           | KPIs give them what they want. Good CEOs are unlikely to rely
           | on these, but instead think of them as an alignment and
           | investigative tool.
           | 
           | Each layer of the organisation aligns itself around some KPIs
           | with lower levels often feeding upwards through the
           | hierarchy. As you further down the hierarchy things get
           | messier as they are further from the executives, may have
           | less experience/skill with using tools like KPIs in the way
           | the CEO wants, and there many more teams to align across with
           | problems like duplication, etc.
           | 
           | The majority of engineers are at the bottom of the pyramid.
           | Their management is coming from their own ranks with little
           | support, so it's not a surprise there is misunderstanding and
           | misuse. In programming, when the career ladder often involves
           | stopping dev work and becoming a manager, it only makes
           | things worse. When I see peers promoted into management, I
           | always hope it's the ones that have capacity for leadership
           | versus experience because they are going to be the ones that
           | adapt KPIs to match the internal and external needs of the
           | company.
        
       | lamontcg wrote:
       | McNamara fallacy:
       | 
       | > The McNamara fallacy (also known as the quantitative
       | fallacy),[1] named for Robert McNamara, the US Secretary of
       | Defense from 1961 to 1968, involves making a decision based
       | solely on quantitative observations (or metrics) and ignoring all
       | others. The reason given is often that these other observations
       | cannot be proven.
       | 
       | > US Air Force Brigadier General Edward Lansdale reportedly told
       | McNamara,[4] who was trying to develop a list of metrics to allow
       | him to scientifically follow the progress of the war, that he was
       | not considering the feelings of the common rural Vietnamese
       | people. McNamara wrote it down on his list in pencil, then erased
       | it and told Lansdale that he could not measure it, so it must not
       | be important.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McNamara_fallacy
        
         | nxobject wrote:
         | Ooh, good example! McNamara's Vietnam War-era career is, in
         | general, a long-ass list of well-meaning, manufacturing-
         | inspired data-driven decisions and efficiency drives (after
         | all, he was previously president of Ford) that horifically
         | backfired. I wonder whether there's a "Mythical Man-Month"
         | style book about that out there.
        
       | mrweasel wrote:
       | The best framing for this is still: "You get what you measure".
       | So if your have a KPI that says 20% growth in user base per year,
       | you make it easy to signup, hard to leave, but frequently forget
       | to measure activity, user satisfaction or profitability.
       | 
       | I worked for a company that wanted some growth in business, so
       | they started to sign contracts for jobs for which we had little
       | to no qualification. We got new customers, more business, more
       | work, but employees started to leave or burnout.
        
         | hackerman_uwu wrote:
         | Along very similar lines...
         | 
         | There is a saying in BI that goes: "What you measure grows."
         | 
         | So let's say you measure MAU, the infamous vanity metric. And
         | let's say your MAU increases with each dollar you funnel toward
         | advertising, the thing you're actually growing there is your
         | dollar spend and not the growth of the user base.
         | 
         | Thus it is your advertising dollar spend that will grow and not
         | the size of your user base.
        
           | phalf wrote:
           | Your comment would be significantly more accessible to the
           | general HN crowd if you explained what BI and MAU stand for.
        
             | swores wrote:
             | Business Intelligence and Monthly Active Users
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | not_the_fda wrote:
       | Do people still try to do KPI? I haven't worked in an
       | organization that has done that in ages. Its so well known to not
       | work and backfire, its a giant red flag if an organization
       | implements it.
        
         | gardenhedge wrote:
         | Agree with the red flag. I'd hesitate to join a place led by
         | KPIs
        
         | kaoD wrote:
         | What I noticed is fashionable now are OKRs. Never seen them
         | work correctly though.
        
         | sarchertech wrote:
         | Oh it's still filtering its way down through the big companies.
         | Most startups eventually hire someone who had experience with
         | metrics driven management at bigco who starts selling it as a
         | panacea.
        
         | cableshaft wrote:
         | From my limited experience they seem to have shifted to OKRs,
         | which are pretty much the same thing with a different name, at
         | least for the companies I've worked for. I hate it just as
         | much.
         | 
         | Currently two of my OKRs for this quarter based on what I
         | thought a project was going to be and have since discovered I
         | was wrong, so they don't actually matter and I'll have limited
         | opportunity to achieve them. Great, so now they get a fun data
         | point can point to in order to give me a smaller bonus next
         | year.
        
       | nine_zeros wrote:
       | Managers lurve to have standard KPIs that they could apply to all
       | engineers (for the purpose of fairness of course) and then be
       | able to rank engineers.
       | 
       | At the same time, they forget that not everyone, not every team
       | is working on the same thing. So the KPI (whatever it is defined
       | to be) is not measuring anything of value.
       | 
       | But a manager will never admit that they are measuring the wrong
       | things. So engineers are stuck with poor practices. Go improve
       | your number of commits even if is meaningless.
        
         | malfist wrote:
         | One of the things Amazon measures for engineers is revisions to
         | PRs. This makes since at a very superficial level. If you're a
         | better engineer, you make the PR right the first time.
         | 
         | Except what happens is either engineers game it by just
         | canceling PRs, making the requested change and resubmitting it.
         | Or fighting tooth and nail for everything. No I won't change
         | the naming on this variable because then I might get out on
         | PIP. Or even more insidious, the team just doesn't do real code
         | reviews, they just rubber stamp each others work in a "you
         | scratch my back, I'll scratch yours"
        
           | nine_zeros wrote:
           | An Amazon engineer (also other FAANG engineers) spends an
           | insane amount of time on gaming an adversarial system.
           | 
           | If it were not for the unrealistic anti-competitive moats of
           | these companies, these management practices would have burned
           | them to the ground. Startups that have copied these practices
           | without giving FAANG compensation have faded away in history.
        
         | quickthrower2 wrote:
         | The problem with capitalism is it works too well: a company
         | doing well can subsidise a lot of bad management practice and
         | still do great. And because it is doing great they believe what
         | they are doing is great. But it is largely a snowball effect.
         | Talking about larger companies more than startups here.
        
         | marcinzm wrote:
         | If a company wants to rank engineers then there is always a
         | metric to rank engineers. That metric may simply be how much
         | the manager or director likes each engineer. That's still a
         | metric and it still can be gamed (ie: classic kiss ass
         | culture).
        
           | nine_zeros wrote:
           | Any ranking system produces undesired, pathological behaviors
           | in the company. Then, a large amount of management needs to
           | be hired to contain the pathological behaviors created by
           | management in the first place.
           | 
           | But hey, its not my company. If they want employees to spend
           | time on BS, I'll play along as long as I keep getting my
           | money. I don't care for the product, services or the company
           | at that point.
        
             | marcinzm wrote:
             | Not having a ranking/promotion/PIP system also eventually
             | creates pathological behaviors in the company baring
             | temporary situations of near infinite revenue unrelated to
             | what employees do.
        
               | nine_zeros wrote:
               | A promotion system is important? Yes
               | 
               | But ranking and PIP? I assure you you are not
               | incentivizing collaboration. You can try to force
               | collaboration but most employees will do just enough
               | because it is in their best interest if someone else
               | fails.
               | 
               | If there were a system design interview where you had to
               | design a system in which employees throw others under the
               | bus - but subtly - what would you design?
        
               | marcinzm wrote:
               | >PIP
               | 
               | Have you ever talked to an engineer that was forced to
               | work with someone on their team who providing negative
               | value? That doesn't drive collaboration, that drives low
               | morale and eventually people moving on. If you need to
               | identify low performers then you now have an metric
               | explicit or implicit that identifies them.
        
               | nine_zeros wrote:
               | > Have you ever talked to an engineer that was forced to
               | work with someone on their team who providing negative
               | value? That doesn't drive collaboration, that drives low
               | morale and eventually people moving on. If you need to
               | identify low performers then you now have an metric
               | explicit or implicit that identifies them.
               | 
               | Have you ever worked on a team where people are yanked
               | every 6 months systematically? No one on such teams wants
               | to collaborate. It is in an individual's best interest to
               | let others sink. Product, services, outcomes be damned.
        
         | commandlinefan wrote:
         | > able to rank engineers
         | 
         | It's mind-boggling that people who are specifically selected
         | for intelligence are subsequently assumed to be complete
         | idiots. This is why your business depends crucially on one bit
         | of software that only one person actually understands.
        
       | thesuperbigfrog wrote:
       | People will find ways to game any system to maximize their score
       | for what is being measured, particularly when there are
       | attractive rewards for high scores.
       | 
       | This leads to perverse incentives where what the organization's
       | leadership really wanted is set aside in favor of maximizing
       | scores by whatever means necessary:
       | 
       | https://courses.cs.duke.edu/fall01/cps108/code/jpixmap/image...
        
       | mathattack wrote:
       | KPIs without judgment are bad because you can't model everything.
       | Judgment without measurement is also bad because we all have
       | human bias. It's a matter of where you lean first. (Do you check
       | your model, or check your judgment?)
        
       | gdubs wrote:
       | Sadly I've been in many organizations that have a kind of "vibes
       | for me, data for thee" approach to things. Meaning, "data drives
       | decisions" is the official philosophy ... until it isn't.
       | 
       | It takes a certain amount of rigor and product maturity to make
       | metric-based decisions work -- and some types of applications are
       | better suited to this than others.
        
       | nelsonic wrote:
       | Goodhart's Law: "when a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be
       | a good measure."
       | 
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goodhart%27s_law
        
         | dpq wrote:
         | It sounds like a profound wisdom and on a very surface level it
         | does make sense, but think of this: if you can assess that a
         | measure is a bad one, this means that you have your own
         | intrinsic preferences, otherwise you wouldn't be able to tell
         | that!
         | 
         | Therefore, if you are unhappy with a measure, it means solely
         | that it doesn't capture all of your preferences properly. Which
         | is a technical problem rather than a philosophical one.
        
           | grey-area wrote:
           | The aphorism is pointing out that if something is made a
           | target, people will game the target, even if that has very
           | bad effects on the company or product.
           | 
           | So even a good measurement is vulnerable to this problem.
        
           | mordae wrote:
           | You can't really align (hahahaha, hahahahaaaaaaa, align,
           | anyway) stated goals of a company under capitalism with
           | actual goals, because there are multiple competing games
           | being played at various levels and when you actually pick a
           | level and make their goals explicit, an actual class war
           | would quickly ensue.
        
           | OJFord wrote:
           | It _ceases_ to be a good measure: it captured your
           | preferences properly prior to becoming a target.
        
           | digitalsushi wrote:
           | good == honest in this context
        
           | constantly wrote:
           | What your saying sounds like profound next level wisdom and
           | on a very surface level does make sense, but think of this:
           | an org can create a measure that captures the relevant
           | preferences properly, and everyone is quite happy with the
           | results because the team continues or slightly modifies what
           | they're doing and lifts up the product to lift up the
           | measurement and life is good.
           | 
           | And then over time they start realizing they don't have to
           | lift up the whole product, but just a small piece to increase
           | the measurement. So they do that and the measurement goes up,
           | but the product doesn't get better because they've found the
           | path of least resistance to raising the measure. This is
           | really the underlying crux of Goodharts Law. So it was a good
           | measure probably until it became a target.
           | 
           | So what is a manager to do? "Capture all [the] preferences
           | properly" as you put it? Probably not because that quickly
           | devolves from measurements to long form status reports, not
           | even measurements, because it's impossible to capture all
           | dimensions of this with measurements, so one has to reduce
           | the dimensionality a little.
           | 
           | This is a philosophical problem not a technical one. Though
           | your point does seem superficially correct, in practice with
           | real teams the second and third order effects from the
           | measure becoming a target dominate.
        
           | xavxav wrote:
           | > It sounds like a profound wisdom and on a very surface
           | level it does make sense, but think of this: if you can
           | assess that a measure is a bad one, this means that you have
           | your own intrinsic preferences, otherwise you wouldn't be
           | able to tell that!
           | 
           | That assumes that the ones working towards a specific KPI are
           | both the ones noticing the metric is bad and that their are
           | noticing it before the negative consequences have destroyed
           | their product / company.
           | 
           | Often when the issue of optimizing to KPI comes up, it seems
           | that _exterior_ people notice the problem but _not_ interior
           | ones, or otherwise the issue is noticed after the fact but
           | not before a meaningful change could be affected.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | littlestymaar wrote:
           | > Therefore, if you are unhappy with a measure, it means
           | solely that it doesn't capture all of your preferences
           | properly. Which is a technical problem rather than a
           | philosophical one.
           | 
           | Here, you're assuming that the space of possibilities is an
           | ordered set. But it's probably not, so your "technical
           | problem" is in fact a mathematical impossibility.
           | 
           | With KPIs, you push people to maximize a very-
           | straightforward-but-fundamentally-flawed metric, instead of
           | relying on their own judgment. Or when not trusting your
           | employees end up having them behave like brainless bots.
        
         | sph wrote:
         | Also related, the perverse incentive and the cobra effect.
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perverse_incentive
        
           | Ialdaboth wrote:
           | Both are almost unavoidable when your management layers grow
           | beyond a certain level.
           | 
           | Most of the complexity, inefficiency and the related failures
           | in today corporate and institutional world is driven by too
           | much management. The map has become the territory.
        
         | digitalsushi wrote:
         | We have this 5,800 line long shell script that does our
         | testing. The framework records the exit code. They started
         | logging the exit code to a dashboard.
         | 
         | So now line 2 is exit 0.
        
           | quickthrower2 wrote:
           | You have a ... wat?
        
           | tenebrisalietum wrote:
           | Increase your testing speed by 50% by replacing your
           | `#!/bin/bash` (or whatever) with `#!/bin/true` and reducing
           | your script to 1 line.
        
             | datadrivenangel wrote:
             | you can go even faster by piping to \dev\null!
             | 
             | It's very performant.
        
               | Karellen wrote:
               | Is piping to /dev/null webscale?
        
               | rcbdev wrote:
               | Does it support sharding?
        
               | jerf wrote:
               | It is literally impossible to support sharding better
               | than /dev/null does.
        
               | LargeTomato wrote:
               | We just need an elastic load balancer, a reverse proxy, a
               | couple /dev/null sinks, observability & metrics, backup,
               | green-blue deployments, auditability, staging and preprod
               | environments, and a month or so of SWE time.
               | 
               | That will be well over $20k from the corporate salary
               | budget, thank you!
        
               | quickthrower2 wrote:
               | Nice traditional setup. No Microservice Workflow
               | Orchestration. (Yes that is a thing)
        
               | justin_oaks wrote:
               | https://devnull-as-a-service.com/
        
             | marcosdumay wrote:
             | That would stop the GP from logging the errors as
             | "warnings" and treating them without triggering his boss.
             | 
             | And yeah, I can totally see somebody doing it on practice.
             | I have seen people do lots of similar things.
        
             | quickthrower2 wrote:
             | #!/bin/yes works too, if you want to kill the KPI script
        
           | mrweasel wrote:
           | So you're not testing anymore, because a failed test would
           | show up on someones dashboard?
        
             | david-gpu wrote:
             | This has to be a joke. One way or the other.
        
               | tgv wrote:
               | The anxiety in your comment is almost palpable. Let me
               | heighten it a bit. Some time ago, there was a post about
               | obtaining minimal code coverage. They achieved this by
               | adding a number of useless statements for every increase
               | in code size. I also really hope that's not true. http://
               | reddit.com/r/ProgrammerHumor/comments/11dou0s/found_t...
        
               | LispSporks22 wrote:
               | I did consulting for a decade at dozens of mega co. Oh
               | the things one sees!
        
               | mrweasel wrote:
               | I would hope so, but I can see it in an environment where
               | you're penalized for "incidents". Take the AWS dashboard,
               | it almost never show any downtime and based on comments
               | on HN that's because it would have a negative on the team
               | in charge of the failing service.
        
           | eitland wrote:
           | If this is true as you describe it and has been true for more
           | than a few days then I am reasonably sure the organization
           | you work for has at least one but probably 2 or more problems
           | that are bigger than both Goodharts law and exit 0 on line 2.
        
             | digitalsushi wrote:
             | I used the present tense but this was actually quite a long
             | time ago on another team at another company. Please
             | consider it anecdotal.
             | 
             | As a child, I worked at a large popular fast food chain.
             | Also measured by error metrics, the trainer showed me how
             | to fry a frozen chicken sandwich. The meat spilled to the
             | floor on accident. He said, "here's your first lesson: no
             | one saw that!" Into the frier they went, metrics perfect.
             | 
             | It's all the same bad faith. Managers put odometers on
             | every interface, workers spend their time developing
             | odometer foulers. I could never own a business I wasn't the
             | sole worker at.
        
       | PCalvanelli wrote:
       | KPIs aren't the issue; it's how businesses use them. Think of it
       | like flying a plane without gauges--it's risky and uncertain. The
       | risk of stalling or getting lost increases. Good KPIs are like
       | helpful plane instruments. Some may seem unnecessary, but the
       | focus should be on the essential ones. KPIs are just
       | measurements. The problem is businesses not being explicit in
       | their direction and selecting the right measurements to reach
       | those goals. You rely on measurements every day, don't stop now.
        
         | snarf21 wrote:
         | I think KPIs are (one of) the issue(s) .. They will always fail
         | because of Goodhart's Law .. Measurements are fine, but good
         | luck finding any leadership that won't turn them into targets
        
       | 38 wrote:
       | please don't write an entire article with even saying what the
       | initial stands for:
       | 
       | Key Performance Indicators
        
       | gregshap wrote:
       | Leadership and management are crafts just like engineering. Goals
       | and KPIs are tools. Most of the time when I've experienced bad
       | Goals or KPIs, the root problem was one of the following.
       | 
       | 1)Lack of clear mission/direction at the top level of the
       | organization. This is a 100% necessary condition for good goals &
       | kpis throughout the rest of the org. Otherwise it feels like
       | political battles and favoritism between different people or
       | departments with conflicting goals.
       | 
       | 2) Goals & KPIs that are not well mapped from the org's mission
       | or roadmap down to the individuals. Now all the individuals can
       | hit their goals but org fails, or vice versa. This feels like
       | "doing what's right for the company is bad for my performance
       | review."
       | 
       | 3) Confusing health KPIs with outcomes or goals. Something like
       | commits per day/month is a great health check, but bad goal, and
       | the benchmark for healthy is totally context dependent. This
       | feels like "She solves the hardest problems but the solutions are
       | very few LOC." Or "he has the most commits because his code is so
       | buggy".
        
       | dboreham wrote:
       | KPIs are very useful: if you find yourself working for an
       | organization that begins to them, they indicate that you should
       | leave. If you interview at an organization that uses them, you
       | know not to take a job there.
        
       | NTDF9 wrote:
       | Leaving this not-so-humorous-post https://medium.com/@NTDF9/if-
       | soccer-managers-did-performance...
       | 
       | Full disclosure, it is my own rant about performance management.
        
       | jewelry wrote:
       | isn't it of a bad KPI that's destroying business? for KLOC
       | committed and sick leave for example, isn't it suppose to be
       | "KLOC per active days" that fix the issue?
        
       | sarbee wrote:
       | I like the concept of kpi psychosis but his solve for it is not
       | helpful IMO. Its not actionable. "Use intuition" On the macro
       | level it's about incentives and leadership ( on the org level).
       | If workers incentives are based on (faulty) KPIs there is going
       | to be a perverse incentive even if members within the org know it
       | is not optimal. On the micro level it's about gathering other
       | forms of data, basically qualitative data to inform the behavior
       | that is observed in the KPIs or quantitative metrics. This could
       | be accomplished with user research or speaking to those who have
       | direct interaction with users - sales and support people.
        
       | LaundroMat wrote:
       | The most vivid (and horrific) example of what relying too much on
       | metrics can lead to are Robert McNamara's policies during the
       | Vietnam War. [1]
       | 
       | Also, because defenders of KPI-driven management love to use the
       | saying that "you can't manage what you can't measure", it's worth
       | repeating the original quote where this is lifted from:
       | 
       | > "It is wrong to suppose that if you can't measure it, you can't
       | manage it - a costly myth." (W. Edwards Deming)
       | 
       | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/McNamara_fallacy
        
         | infinite8s wrote:
         | That's the original quote? That's the opposite of "you can't
         | manage what you can't measure."
        
           | lcnPylGDnU4H9OF wrote:
           | I haven't heard either quote but a quick search yielded this:
           | https://deming.org/myth-if-you-cant-measure-it-you-cant-
           | mana....
        
           | LaundroMat wrote:
           | Exactly. Most people I witnessed saying this never even heard
           | of Deming.
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | It's certainly not the origin of "you can't manage what you
           | can't measure". For a start, Deming is almost a century too
           | young for that.
        
             | LaundroMat wrote:
             | Ah, that's interesting. I always thought it was a selective
             | quote lifted from Deming. Can you tell where it originated?
             | Taylor, or even before?
        
         | Spooky23 wrote:
         | It comes down to at some level the right measurement is useful.
         | 
         | The problem is the middle manager owes the VP 12 measurements.
         | The clever supervisor picks the easiest to achieve metrics
         | possible.
        
           | adolph wrote:
           | Yes, because the metric by which the manager measures
           | employment is getting paid.
           | 
           | If the VP measures "goal accomplished" instead of "potential
           | goal impact * % realized" then the VP will get easily
           | accomplished worthless metrics.
        
           | LaundroMat wrote:
           | "At some level" is the crucial point. But all too often
           | metrics are a stand-in for the overall goal, and people
           | forget their reductive nature, thereby allowing the system to
           | optimize for the metrics instead of the underlying goal.
           | 
           | Ultimately, the "some level" you refer to is a very basic
           | level; even more basic than what one would intuitively think.
        
             | Spooky23 wrote:
             | Absolutely. My employer had an influx of GE refugees about
             | 15 years ago. They would pursue this nonsense with
             | considerable zealotry.
             | 
             | They brought with them the church of Jack Welch, which was
             | ironic as that culture pretty much chewed them up and spat
             | them all out.
        
         | userbinator wrote:
         | The counter-saying to that is "not everything that counts can
         | be counted, and not everything that can be counted, counts."
        
       | SilverBirch wrote:
       | I'll bang my old drum once again: There's nothing wrong with
       | KPIs, the problem is with the organisation that introduces KPIs.
       | Companies that are doing well and succeeding rarely bring in
       | KPIs, because they don't need them, they already have a system
       | that works. It does sometimes happen when some ambitious young
       | fellow decides he wants to be a manager or be known for IMPROVING
       | PROCESSES! But really, mostly KPIs are introduced because the
       | business side of the organisation isn't happy with what the
       | engineering side of the organisation produces, so they start to
       | try and come up with ways to measure engineering's failure. It's
       | manifestation of a struggle between two parts of the business.
        
       | steveBK123 wrote:
       | I hate this stuff. I generally work on internal platforms within
       | tech orgs, and we periodically get this shoved down our throats.
       | Tech management wants us to come up with KPIs, despite not having
       | any of their own for us to use for alignment. Our product guy who
       | drives our roadmap doesn't want to put any work into KPIs either.
       | 
       | So instead some second-in-command on the team has to come up with
       | some KPIs that they will have no control over addressing (they
       | aren't team lead, they aren't product, they don't own the backlog
       | or roadmap).
       | 
       | Inevitably there is a bunch of angst from management that the
       | KPIs are too tech/engineering centric (well..) while again
       | providing no actual good KPIs themselves, and then they all get
       | missed anyway since no one is incentivized to address them.
        
         | malfist wrote:
         | Oh it's even worse when senior leadership gives you KPIs. I
         | remember when I was a fresh face college grad working at Dell
         | Services.
         | 
         | One of my KPIs was about selling more headcount to the client.
         | 
         | None of the KPIs that came down from on high made any sense. I
         | could be the best junior engineer in the company and it would
         | have no impact on my performance review.
        
           | steveBK123 wrote:
           | Irrelevant management KPIs at least tell you what management
           | cares about.
           | 
           | "I'll know it when I see it" iterations of bringing different
           | "no not that" KPIs to management is frustrating in the
           | opposite direction.
           | 
           | Ultimately management wants to set the tone in both
           | scenarios, at least when giving you dumb KPIs they have done
           | some work and volunteered information.
        
       | flappyeagle wrote:
       | KPIs are a tool and like every tool they can be misused by
       | unskilled practitioners.
       | 
       | HR KPI -- hire 20 engineers: you can hire 20 morons.
       | 
       | Sales KPI -- close 100k of business: you sold the wrong use case
       | and all of those customers churn
       | 
       | Eng KPI -- reduce bug frequency: you make reporting bugs too
       | onerous to do
       | 
       | Bad execution isn't fixed by KPIs, it's fixed by good execution.
       | Good execution benefits from KPIs.
        
       | malfist wrote:
       | I really think their cartoon illustrated the point of the article
       | quite well. For those visually impaired or who didn't read the
       | article it was a two panel saying:
       | 
       | ---
       | 
       | Boss: John, your commit frequency dropped 25% last week. Are you
       | quiet quitting?
       | 
       | John: Sorry boss, I was on sick leave. I'll be more active.
       | 
       | ---
       | 
       | Before you cry "this is a contrived example!" Look at what Amazon
       | just did. They sent out an email threatening folks who weren't in
       | the office 3 times a week in the previous two weeks. I did not
       | take into account sick leave, vacation, FMLA, corporate travel,
       | anything.
       | 
       | You take a vacation? You and your manager got a threatening email
       | about your KPI you're not meeting.
        
         | datadrivenangel wrote:
         | I know multiple people who have worked at companies where KPIs
         | were not adjusted for paid time off... 2 week vacation means
         | your numbers are going to tank, which will reduce bonuses and
         | opportunities for promotion.
        
           | malfist wrote:
           | I had a friend that worked at deloitte and that's exactly how
           | they managed it. You had to bill so many hours a month and if
           | you took time off, you had to make it up when you got back
           | (or before you left).
           | 
           | He was absolutely miserable there.
        
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