[HN Gopher] Demystifying ESIM Technology [video]
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       Demystifying ESIM Technology [video]
        
       Author : awat
       Score  : 64 points
       Date   : 2023-08-20 15:50 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (media.ccc.de)
 (TXT) w3m dump (media.ccc.de)
        
       | HumblyTossed wrote:
       | For those with multiple phones, how easy is switching back and
       | forth?
        
         | mrtksn wrote:
         | Unfortunately, the support for transferring eSIM between
         | devices is not universal and some operators choose not to
         | support it and charge money for each transfer(i.e. charge money
         | to generate a QR code). The tech is fine but the greedy telcos
         | don't miss the opportunity to screw us over.
        
           | HumblyTossed wrote:
           | Well crap. I guess for the foreseeable future it's an iPhone
           | 13.
        
       | eimrine wrote:
       | Esim is a death for featured phones.
        
         | 8K832d7tNmiQ wrote:
         | Nothing stops feature-phone vendors like Nokia to implement
         | e-sim on their newer lineup.
        
       | wkat4242 wrote:
       | For who wonders about the waving cat: These are used a lot at
       | hacker conferences to check if the cams are still working (and
       | not frozen). Shenanigans on the network are of course common at
       | these events :) So they are put on the stages while nothing is
       | on.
       | 
       | This was a big success and it turned out to be a bit of a
       | mascotte :P They've become a permanent fixture now.
        
         | noman-land wrote:
         | I always wondered about this. Thank you.
        
         | SeriousM wrote:
         | I thought it's a smart way to combat video cutting
        
       | anderspitman wrote:
       | I've had a great experience with eSIMs these past few days during
       | a trip to Europe (coming from the US). It's so convenient to be
       | able to arrive at a city and use airport wifi to download a
       | mobile data package for a few bucks. The process is slightly
       | clunky but not bad at all.
        
         | wkat4242 wrote:
         | I'm in Europe and I've had very poor experiences with local
         | carriers in getting an eSIM :( Most of them outright refuse
         | unless you are on a mobile contract plan with them (I'm not, I
         | hate contracts so I only use prepay). On prepay they don't want
         | to support it here in Spain for whatever stupid reason even
         | though I've had my prepay number for 10 years. They also levy
         | much more restrictions on the whole ordeal: Usually only
         | locally sold models are allowed. So you can't use a Dutch
         | Samsung phone with a Spanish eSIM. I'm really annoyed with this
         | because the whole idea of eSIM was to make things easier for
         | the customer, not harder and more restrictive.
         | 
         | Perhaps the carriers that specialise in temporary data
         | contracts for travelers are ok, but local permanent carriers
         | are crap with this.
        
           | vladvasiliu wrote:
           | > the whole idea of eSIM was to make things easier for the
           | customer, not harder and more restrictive.
           | 
           | I remember reading an article in a French newspaper about how
           | carriers were "uncomfortable" with the eSIM because it
           | severed "the last connection" between them and their
           | customers. The latter would basically no longer have a reason
           | to "interact" with the former.
           | 
           | I don't quite see how that's a bad thing. The less you have
           | to deal with "those people" (and this works from either
           | side), the better it is, no? In my case, the last time I've
           | "interacted" with my carrier was some 10 years ago when my
           | phone got stolen, and I had to get a new SIM. Other than
           | that, I pay them every month and they make sure my phone
           | works every month.
           | 
           | At least with my carrier, it's cheaper to get an eSIM than a
           | physical SIM. I didn't actually get one, since I've had my
           | current SIM for a very long time. They basically charge for
           | the "SIM service", and there's a separate charge for the
           | physical part if you get it in a brick & mortar store, or for
           | shipping if you want it delivered.
           | 
           | > Usually only locally sold models are allowed.
           | 
           | How can they tell, are there still country-specific models? I
           | know people from the US and from Russia coming to France,
           | popping a local SIM in and being in business. These were all
           | iPhones, though.
        
             | jdietrich wrote:
             | _> I remember reading an article in a French newspaper
             | about how carriers were "uncomfortable" with the eSIM
             | because it severed "the last connection" between them and
             | their customers._
             | 
             | That's a very delicate euphemism for "eSIM makes it easier
             | to switch networks, which would increase churn and eat into
             | our margins".
        
             | mschuster91 wrote:
             | > The less you have to deal with "those people" (and this
             | works from either side), the better it is, no?
             | 
             | The less contact, the less opportunity to upsell you to
             | something that provides them recurring revenue.
             | 
             | It's all about rent seeking ("passive income") these days,
             | everywhere.
        
             | Nextgrid wrote:
             | > I don't quite see how that's a bad thing
             | 
             | But how is the carrier going to "engage" you? How are all
             | the people involved in sales and marketing there going to
             | justify their job?
             | 
             | A carrier that operates fully automatically with minimal
             | customer interaction could indeed be more profitable, but
             | it's politically impossible for any established company to
             | transition to such a model since it would obviate the need
             | for many positions there - those same positions rely on the
             | current status-quo (no matter how mediocre) and will fight
             | any attempts at improving efficiency.
             | 
             | (this is not limited to carriers, any large legacy company
             | has the same issues - lots of positions are just there to
             | create work to sustain other, equally-useless positions,
             | while the new output of the system being zero or even
             | negative).
        
           | raincom wrote:
           | People use Airalo app to buy eSIMs, wherever they travel to.
           | One can buy eSIM even before you land in foreign lands. I
           | don't have experience with Airalo, but many recommended that
           | app on this site.
        
             | wkat4242 wrote:
             | Ah ok, but that's only for temporary use, it's not intended
             | for real permanent usage, right?
             | 
             | I'll consider it if I ever travel outside of europe though
             | (roaming inside EU was fixed several years ago luckily).
        
               | yosito wrote:
               | What makes you think it's for temporary use? I've been
               | using it for over a year as my only data plan.
        
               | em500 wrote:
               | This might be because most countries nowadays require a
               | photo ID for SIM cards. The Netherlands, UK and US are
               | among the few that don't (yet).
               | 
               | https://prepaid-data-sim-
               | card.fandom.com/wiki/Registration_P...
        
               | raincom wrote:
               | For instance, Eurolink eSIM card with 180 days validity
               | can be had for 180 euros on Airalo.com. They also have
               | re-chargeable eSIMs, just you need to top up just before
               | it expires.
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | Ah but that is really really expensive :)
               | 
               | I can get a local SIM with 50GB data that is available
               | with a 10 euro topup each month.
               | 
               | Don't forget the purchasing power in Europe is much lower
               | than in the US (especially southern Europe). For this
               | reason local carriers are a lot cheaper too.
        
               | throwaway67743 wrote:
               | If argue that it's the opposite as there is competition
               | and in civilised European countries there is working
               | regulation etc, not like the US where carriers are able
               | to lobby and cheat to maintain their monopolies - case in
               | point I have unlimited everything (Inc 5g, except MMS) in
               | country and 64G in the rest of Europe for about 30 EUR/mo
        
           | ranma42 wrote:
           | Vodafone in Germany was happy to give me an eSIM for a
           | prepaid plan, not even a store visit required (but it did
           | require taking a photo of my ID and a identity verification
           | video call where someone checks your video against the ID). I
           | guess with AI-based video manipulation, a store visit may be
           | required in the future...
        
             | Nextgrid wrote:
             | > a store visit may be required in the future...
             | 
             | Or not, considering how store employees are treated and
             | paid. It's probably much cheaper to bribe some low-level
             | clerk than build & deploy a convincing AI spoofing
             | solution.
        
         | someotherperson wrote:
         | They're very useful. Although it's sometimes hard to get eSIMs
         | direct from carriers internationally since many only grant them
         | on post-paid contracts.
         | 
         | SIM cards also have their place, however, which is why Apple's
         | take on it is weird. When traveling, especially with so much
         | MFA (for better or worse) is linked to a phone number, it makes
         | having your phone damaged a major issue. You can't simply pop
         | out the SIM and move it across to a new phone.
         | 
         | Even if you manage to get a new eSIM, most of the time you
         | can't activate it until you're back in your origin country.
         | 
         | This as an issue (carrier or otherwise) needs to be addressed
         | with some urgency.
        
           | WallyFunk wrote:
           | > SIM cards also have their place
           | 
           | They're trying to kill physical SIM cards like they did with
           | CDs. They only have their place insofar as you can say 'I can
           | touch this, and also swap it out with another one' /
           | otherwise 'tangible computing'.
        
             | housemusicfan wrote:
             | Killing off physical SIMs is like arguing in favor of
             | soldered RAM.
             | 
             | Because that's all eSIMs are you know. They are not
             | software SIMs. They are physical components with the
             | additional capability of being provisioned remotely by the
             | end user with a friendly UI that sometimes works.
             | 
             | Moving physical SIMs (and thus your service) from a
             | damaged, inoperable phone to a new one takes approximately
             | 5 seconds. This cannot be improved upon with eSIM.
             | 
             | That said, eSIMs have their place too, especially in the
             | industrial IoT space. But completely eliminating physical
             | SIMs from consumer handsets is beyond stupid.
        
           | wkat4242 wrote:
           | > They're very useful. Although it's sometimes hard to get
           | eSIMs direct from carriers internationally since many only
           | grant them on post-paid contracts.
           | 
           | Exactly, this is a huge problem for me because I don't do
           | post-paid (after one bill with unintended overage charges, I
           | much prefer them just cutting me off until I pay again).
           | 
           | The sim swapping being controlled by the provider (every time
           | you need a new QR and they need to 'grant' it to you) is more
           | restrictive too, and they usually enforce only models they
           | sell directly. It's a real loss of flexibility that we used
           | to have with hardware SIMs.
        
           | housemusicfan wrote:
           | This can easily be resolved by not buying an Apple phone and
           | buying a phone that still retains a physical SIM slot.
           | 
           | Stop giving companies money for making stupid decisions. It
           | only emboldens them further.
        
             | wkat4242 wrote:
             | The Samsung Z Flip 5 has this too :( Only 1 real SIM and
             | the rest only eSIM.
             | 
             | However it is a bit more understandable because the flip
             | has very limited space due to the hinge components.
        
               | housemusicfan wrote:
               | The USA versions of Apple's flagship phones (iPhone 14
               | and up) have ZERO physical SIM slots. They are dual eSIM
               | only.
               | 
               | Models sold elsewhere in the world retain a single
               | physical SIM slot.
               | 
               | Yes you read that correctly. They made multiple versions
               | and the American one is deliberately crippled.
               | 
               | I'm certain the space regained by removing the SIM slot
               | in a US-only variant has been repurposed for...absolutely
               | nothing.
               | 
               | It defies logic why they would do this, beyond some grand
               | social experiment they can execute with little risk due
               | to cult-like monopoly control of the market.
               | 
               | I refuse to believe that they sold more than 12 of these
               | SIM-less phones.
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | What?? I had no idea about this. I have not had an iPhone
               | since the 6 so I haven't followed it that closely. I
               | remember they offered eSIM for dualsim, I had no idea
               | they were eSIM only in the US even for primary SIM use.
               | Wow. This will so not work over here.
               | 
               | > I'm certain the space regained by removing the SIM slot
               | in a US-only variant has been repurposed for...absolutely
               | nothing.
               | 
               | Yeah, after all the specs are no different in any other
               | way I guess?
               | 
               | Samsung is doing something similar here though. They
               | leave out the mmWave antennas. On US models you can see
               | the antenna cutouts on their premium models but in Europe
               | there is nothing in that space, just empty.
               | 
               | It's a shame because while mmWave is not a thing here
               | right now I don't buy my phones for just one year.
        
               | housemusicfan wrote:
               | Specs typically vary slightly with LTE band support but
               | nothing that would drive large mechanical changes. This
               | was a deliberate move, an A/B test of sorts.
               | 
               | Good point on the mmWave support. I wonder if that's
               | where the antenna is located. I don't care about mmWave,
               | nor does anyone I know, so it doesn't even cross my mind.
               | 
               | mmWave is a dying tech. It will suffer the same fate as
               | WiMAX. If this is the trade off (and it shouldn't be),
               | I'll choose the SIM slot every time.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | > mmWave is a dying tech. It will suffer the same fate as
               | WiMAX. If this is the trade off (and it shouldn't be),
               | I'll choose the SIM slot every time.
               | 
               | I think mmWave has a lot more staying power than WiMAX.
               | WiMAX as deployed was an alternative network to general
               | purpose cell phone networks. As a third alternative to
               | CDMA/GSM and upcoming LTE, it didn't make a lot of sense
               | in the market.
               | 
               | mmWave is deployed as augmentation to a network, mostly
               | to increase capacity at hotspots like stadiums and maybe
               | transit centers. Additionally it provides beneficial
               | marketting, because network providers and handset makers
               | can claim their network/device does huge bandwidth even
               | if it's only true when you're the only person in a
               | stadium.
               | 
               | Given that US iPhone 12 and up support mmWave, and that
               | spectrum management is a challenge at stadiums, it's
               | pretty likely we'll continue to see deployments in that
               | space. Even if mmWave doesn't live up to the marketting,
               | moving half the customers to it frees up traditional
               | spectrum for those customers that don't have it.
               | 
               | Is it going to expand much beyond those situations? Maybe
               | to airports and NYC train stations, but probably not
               | beyond that. Is it ever going to be more than a small
               | fraction of time connected for people other than stadium
               | employees? No. Does that mean it's dying? No, it's just a
               | constrained niche. Should you prefer a phone with or
               | without mmWave? Depends on how often you go into
               | situations with high person density.
        
               | housemusicfan wrote:
               | Is it a meaningful alternative to Passpoint Wi-Fi in the
               | scenarios you described?
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | Yes, but note that carriers will do all of the above. Use
               | their licensed 'sub-6g' spectrum where traditional cell
               | networks operate; make use of unlicensed spectrum for
               | Passpoint Wi-Fi, use (licensed) mmWave spectrum.
               | 
               | Depending on the venue, they're likely to do a mix of
               | whatever is most cost effective. But more spectrum, if
               | usable by the handsets people actually have in their
               | pockets is helpful.
        
               | gorbypark wrote:
               | I don't have the time to look, but I saw a YouTube video
               | where someone swapped the dual physical sim daughterboard
               | from a Chinese iPhone into an American one. It fit and it
               | worked. I'm about 80% sure it was a dual eSIM only
               | American model (14), but it's possible it was a single
               | SIM/single eSIM one (13 and below). Anyways, I am pretty
               | sure the space is there and is just unused.
        
               | housemusicfan wrote:
               | Amazing, just found a video where they add a SIM slot to
               | a US iPhone 14. The space is there and the slot just
               | plugs right in. It required removing some resistors (to
               | reroute the data lines from the eSIM to the slot). They
               | didn't even cut a hole in the chassis for the SIM tray;
               | they inserted the card before closing the lid.
               | 
               | This proves it was purely a marketing move which makes
               | the decision even more insane.
        
       | richarme wrote:
       | My master's thesis from 2008 [0] gives some insight into the
       | early design and strategic considerations (from a Nokia
       | perspective) behind eSIM technology, in case anyone's curious.
       | 
       | [0] http://www2.imm.dtu.dk/pubdb/edoc/imm6812.pdf
        
       | Veliladon wrote:
       | We really dodged a bullet on eSIM. The implementation could have
       | really sucked if the carriers controlled it from the start. Apple
       | do a lot of dumb shit but they set a really high bar for an eSIM
       | implementation for others to match.
        
         | wkat4242 wrote:
         | But they _do_ control it. This is a big problem in Europe. You
         | can 't get one on a prepay contract with most of the local
         | carriers, they limit the phones they will allow them to be used
         | on to only locally sold versions, and they often charge for a
         | SIM swap or limit the amount of times you can change phones per
         | month.
         | 
         | None of these limitations were present with physical SIMs.
        
           | Nextgrid wrote:
           | > You can't get one on a prepay contract with most of the
           | local carriers,
           | 
           | To be fair, on this particular point it can be incompetence.
           | Telecoms have absolutely no skilled engineering capacity
           | (third-world body shop is as good as it gets) and the entire
           | thing runs on decades of duct tape and outdated, unsupported
           | and vulnerable software.
           | 
           | The most likely reason for this not to be possible on prepay
           | is that prepay and postpay are managed by completely
           | different systems and making the prepay system work with
           | eSIMs would be too difficult, or maybe they tried, it broke,
           | they rolled it back and have a "TODO" to fix that (of course
           | the TODO will never be addressed).
        
           | nexus7556 wrote:
           | In Thailand anytime a new SIM is activated an ID check is
           | required. In the past I kept a SIM and I used to just move it
           | between phones. Now when I want to move my eSIM between
           | phones I need to go to the shop with my passport or do a
           | video call with tech support and show my passport to them
           | over the call. Such a pain in the ass.
        
       | notpushkin wrote:
       | Any idea how one can get hands on consumer-profile eUICC cards
       | (or chips)? I've wanted to play around with eSIM (and perhaps use
       | it for travel purposes), but don't want to upgrade my phone just
       | yet.
       | 
       | Found this one, but it's for testing only:
       | https://www.smartjac.biz/esim-subscription-management/consum...
        
         | flotzam wrote:
         | https://esim.me is selling an eUICC-on-a-physical-SIM card. The
         | only part that sucks is that you have to provision eSIM
         | profiles through their proprietary Android app. Someone please
         | reverse engineer it?
        
           | notpushkin wrote:
           | After some research I've found this thread on XDA:
           | https://forum.xda-developers.com/t/a-tricky-way-to-use-
           | esim-...
           | 
           | Seems like it should be possible to solder an eUICC chip to a
           | SIM-card form factor board and use it with OpenEUICC. [1]
           | Somebody is even selling those pre-soldered on Taobao:
           | https://shop104192953.world.taobao.com/
           | 
           | Later in that thread, somebody also reported that OpenEUICC
           | works with eSIM.me's cards, too. If you have one of these,
           | can you give it a try perhaps?
           | 
           | [1]: https://gitea.angry.im/PeterCxy/OpenEUICC,
           | https://github.com/AndroPlus-org/magisk-module-openeuicc
        
             | flotzam wrote:
             | Nice, thanks for the links! (I don't own one, sorry)
        
         | costco wrote:
         | Anyone know what the cost of starting a thin e-sim only "MVNO"
         | would be? I've seen offerings like https://gigs.com but I
         | assume due to NDAs there's no public pricing. Wondering what it
         | would take to to offer something along the lines of Airalo or
         | like the "me.ONE" plan offered on esim.me.
        
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       (page generated 2023-08-20 23:01 UTC)