[HN Gopher] New motherboard improves old CRT television
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       New motherboard improves old CRT television
        
       Author : rbanffy
       Score  : 169 points
       Date   : 2023-08-18 11:19 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (hackaday.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (hackaday.com)
        
       | MaxikCZ wrote:
       | 2 pictures and a video somehow left me wanting for "before" and
       | "after" pic showing how the television was improved
        
         | djmips wrote:
         | It's not that improved in picture quality, it's mainly improved
         | in features - like the ability to display NTSC X PAL signals
        
         | rwmj wrote:
         | This article is blog spam - you probably want to watch Adrian's
         | video directly: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MoqflFfvkR0
        
       | userbinator wrote:
       | The fact that it's for a CRT is the surprising part, but
       | "universal" replacement boards for LCD TVs have been available
       | for a while too. Here's a rare review of one, on a site that has
       | sadly disappeared within only a few years:
       | 
       | http://web.archive.org/web/20190511065920/http://redlightgre...
        
         | qingcharles wrote:
         | Wow. Who knew such things existed? Fantastic. I'd hate to
         | resolder that data cable from the LCD though.
         | 
         | That board was cheap as hell, had every input and decodes MP4
         | video. WTF.
        
           | chris37879 wrote:
           | I bought one to repurpose an old laptop screen, if the screen
           | uses a releasable connector, you can probably find a board
           | that connects to it
        
           | userbinator wrote:
           | I guess that one reviewer either didn't bother to order one
           | with the right connector, or received it with the wrong one,
           | but the pinouts are usually very standardised so there's no
           | need to resolder the LVDS cable.
           | 
           | There's lots of videos on YouTube about these boards;
           | unfortunately the vast majority seem to be in Indian or some
           | other Asian country's language (despite English titles and
           | descriptions). Here's one of the few English ones I could
           | find: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C2YTL25iyHU
           | 
           | Another (unvoiced, English text descriptions) :
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kM8_kJENdoQ
        
           | RajT88 wrote:
           | China is paradoxically filled with brilliant engineers making
           | genius products, and mediocre engineers making products whose
           | listings appear to be genius.
           | 
           | I fucking love gambling on AliExpress.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | That's a great observation. I've bought stuff there that I
             | could not even believe was as cheap as it was, I thought
             | the price must be a typo and for sure it'll be adjusted.
             | For electronics the pricing tends to be lower than the BOM
             | at maximum volume discount when sourced from a large
             | Western supplier.
             | 
             | And the vast majority of it just works, though I've had one
             | or two duds.
             | 
             | But you need to be sharp when it comes to things that plug
             | into a wall socket, open them up to inspect that they are
             | safe.
        
               | chpatrick wrote:
               | I think electronics are just super cheap to make and
               | they're overpriced when sold abroad.
        
               | distract8901 wrote:
               | Electronics are crazy. Depending on the amount of skill
               | and/or effort you have available, there is an enormous
               | spread of possible implementations at different price
               | points.
               | 
               | For instance, I develop a product that we sell for $2500.
               | When the company brought me in, the raw cost of the
               | electronics was about $250. Right now I've got it down to
               | $50, and I expect it to fall to $20 or $30 once we start
               | producing at scale.
        
             | permo-w wrote:
             | I think we can describe that as just being filled with lots
             | of engineers
        
               | RajT88 wrote:
               | Fair.
        
         | ComputerGuru wrote:
         | Thanks for sharing that link - it's quite a thorough write up!
         | I wish there were things of like quality for CarPlay retrofits.
        
           | CamperBob2 wrote:
           | _I wish there were things of like quality for CarPlay
           | retrofits._
           | 
           | Porsche Classic is all I can think of (
           | https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a42571042/porsche-
           | touchscr... ). Hopefully other manufacturers will get on
           | board with that idea at some point.
        
             | ComputerGuru wrote:
             | Oh there are a ton of interposer boards you can buy shipped
             | direct from China that add CarPlay to an existing oem head
             | unit the same way you can get reverse camera support (high
             | jacking the video output when a certain but is pressed or
             | the gear shift changes). It's just that they all have
             | massive quirks. I've seen the Porsche Classic CarPlay
             | retrofit and it's absolutely the best, but these third
             | party solutions are available for most makes and models but
             | all have to a of quirks and idiosyncrasies that are never
             | presented up front.
        
         | zczc wrote:
         | Looks like machine translation from Russian original:
         | https://mysku.club/blog/aliexpress/67872.html
        
           | userbinator wrote:
           | Thanks for finding the original, and I did suspect it was
           | translated from Russian due to the odd phrasing, but if it
           | weren't for that site translating a copy and Google
           | subsequently finding it, such interesting things might've
           | never gotten discovered. As I mentioned in the other comment
           | here, there's lots of videos on YouTube about these boards
           | too, but barely any in English.
        
         | squarefoot wrote:
         | Here are some more links on those controllers and various LCD
         | data:
         | 
         | https://www.mattmillman.com/info/lcd/rovatools/#comment-8933...
         | 
         | https://sites.google.com/site/lcd4hobby/home
         | 
         | https://github.com/ghent360/RTD-2660-Programmer/
         | 
         | http://openrtd2662.ru/
         | 
         | https://www.codeforge.com/article/258602
         | 
         | https://hackaday.io/project/179868-all-about-laptop-display-...
         | 
         | https://www.panelook.com/index.php
         | 
         | https://lcdtech.info/en/
         | 
         | https://repairalltv.com/main-board-universal-ds-d3663lua-a8-...
        
           | notRobot wrote:
           | Thank you. You're downvoted, but I always really appreciate
           | link dumps like these as a kick-off point for my own
           | research.
           | 
           | Edit: here's one of my own!
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33359963
        
       | 29athrowaway wrote:
       | Have lots care when opening a CRT TV. In fact, don't do it unless
       | you know what you are doing.
        
         | timonoko wrote:
         | If you wear rubber gloves and keep your other hand in the your
         | pocket, I dont see any actual problems.
         | 
         | Also long sleeves are good, I was recently zapped at the wrist
         | when fixing an oscilloscope.
         | 
         | I think maybe the 20 kV abates rather quickly on its own,
         | because I dont remember using much any caution when unplugging
         | the anode plug.
        
           | wkat4242 wrote:
           | Has to be serious rubber gloves to withstand 20kV :) the
           | simple doctor's ones won't do
        
             | Am4TIfIsER0ppos wrote:
             | Surgical latex gloves are not what I picture when someone
             | says "rubber gloves" but something more substantial
             | typically used when cleaning in a shape that borders on a
             | rubber gauntlet.
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | I know but not everyone who reads this would be as
               | experienced to know this :)
               | 
               | Some people would still think "it's rubber so it doesn't
               | conduct electricity so I'm fine messing with this TV".
               | 
               | But yeah CRTs are now so rare that I agree that it's very
               | very unlikely for someone without much knowledge to
               | tinker with them. You have to be really an enthusiast to
               | even still own one let alone try to repair one instead of
               | picking up a nice cheap flatpanel.
               | 
               | Personally I'd forgo the gloves (real protective ones are
               | so clumsy it's hard to really do something productive
               | with them) and make sure the caps are fully discharged.
               | Though generally I'd steer clear from this stuff as I
               | know I don't understand it well enough. I came up in
               | electronics during the final years of CRTs so as my
               | knowledge grew they became deprecated and I never really
               | got the full grasp of them.
        
         | bregma wrote:
         | When I took a TV servicing class in high school in the 1970s we
         | were told just to keep our left hands in our back pockets so
         | the discharge will ground through our right side and not across
         | our hearts. The biggest hazard was breaking our hand on the
         | chassis as we jerked back from the shock.
         | 
         | I never heard of any kids getting hurt, so it was fine.
        
         | paul_funyun wrote:
         | The risk of death or serious injury messing with CRT displays
         | is grossly overstated (note the lack of data on related
         | fatalities). Use common sense and you'll be fine.
        
         | allenu wrote:
         | I remember fixing up a CRT on an arcade machine I had in my
         | office at work at one point. I read up on how to discharge it
         | and made a makeshift tool to do the job (i.e. an insulated
         | screwdriver with a wire attached to ground). I was pretty
         | scared and even made sure to do it during work hours when
         | others would be around in case I got zapped unconscious. :)
         | Once I got was able to do it a couple of times, it really was
         | no big deal, but I did take care not to get too close to the
         | back of it while the thing was on and exposed.
        
           | sixothree wrote:
           | Worse, it's never been made clear to me which parts are the
           | dangerous one. Just a lot of vague hand waving. Which I guess
           | is fine if you don't want liability?
        
             | formerly_proven wrote:
             | That's probably because most people posting this useful
             | advice don't know themselves.
        
             | somat wrote:
             | If unsure or nervous around electricity, just ground the
             | segment you are working on first.
             | 
             | But the parts that should make you extra cautious have
             | wires with a lot of insulation so they look thick. those
             | are the 20Kv bits. you also will want to take the time to
             | drain any big capacitors. you can just short the leads or
             | if you are feeling conscientious(and don't like sparks)
             | drain them with a resister(100kohms or so) between the
             | leads.
        
             | rwmj wrote:
             | The cathode ray tube is a giant capacitor. During operation
             | it is charged to 20+ kilovolts, and it takes a long time to
             | discharge even after being unplugged from the wall. (Some
             | but by no means all TVs have a circuit which discharges the
             | tube). There are also large capacitors in the power supply
             | which maintain hundreds of volts even after being
             | unplugged. When the TV is connected to power, the flyback
             | transformer (a large circular device soldered to the main
             | board) generates a range of voltages from hundreds up to
             | 20+ kV which are wired to various parts of the tube. Some
             | of these are present on the neck board which is exposed at
             | the pointy end of the tube.
             | 
             | US TVs are extra spicy because they sometimes have no
             | earth, so if the power is wired backwards (either in the
             | plug or more insidiously from the wall), everything metal
             | inside the set can be live.
             | 
             | If you overvolt the tube (a worry with this replacement
             | board actually) then it can emit x-rays. Most "modern" CRT
             | main boards have a circuit which detects this, but maybe
             | older ones or cheap knock-offs don't.
             | 
             | In short, if you don't know what you're doing, stay away.
        
             | Hydraulix989 wrote:
             | If you're not sure about it, best to stay away. With a
             | cursory web search or YouTube search, you can find plenty
             | of information.
        
           | rwmj wrote:
           | This is a case where having the right tool is actually a good
           | idea. It'll have plenty of insulation and usually a VU meter
           | showing the voltage (so you can see if it was charged and
           | watch it drain). A screwdriver doesn't really have enough
           | separation between you and the 20+ kV :-/
        
             | uncletaco wrote:
             | In what cases of repair is having the right tools _not_ a
             | good idea?
        
               | 7speter wrote:
               | Its not a matter of not having the right tool is not a
               | good idea, but sometimes, because of cost and or
               | circumstances, you have to improvise and/or make due with
               | what you have.
        
           | willis936 wrote:
           | A few sets I've had need to be on and open to make
           | adjustments. I'm never a fan of that.
        
       | wiz21c wrote:
       | Not entirely related but I didn't find much information about the
       | NTSC/PAL decoding schemes. Lots of introductory material but
       | nothing about what they actually did in televisions back then
       | (especially the filtering side). I guess it's because of
       | patents...
        
         | Animats wrote:
         | It's covered in detail in Wikipedia.[1]
         | 
         | Here's the NTSC color standard in the Federal Register.[2]
         | 
         | The data sheet for a modern NTSC/PAL decoder IC.[3]
         | 
         | Details of early color TV receivers.[4]
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTSC
         | 
         | [2]
         | https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CFR-2018-title47-vol4/pd...
         | 
         | [3] https://www.analog.com/media/en/technical-
         | documentation/data...
         | 
         | [4] http://earlytelevision.org/color.html#systems
        
           | wiz21c wrote:
           | I was thinking about 2D filtering. But your comment triggered
           | a new DuckDuckGo search and it happened to have some bits of
           | information :-)
           | 
           | https://www.extron.com/article/ntscdb4
        
       | MegaDeKay wrote:
       | Mike's Amateur Arcade Monitor Repair on YouTube reviewed a
       | similar 25" Universal Arcade Monitor Chassis a couple years back
       | and was "blown away" by it. Definitely worth the money. High
       | praise from a guy that knows CRTs inside out.
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i3u9sWDeoYE
        
       | caymanjim wrote:
       | The built-in game is Sokoban[1]. I know it from Nethack, but the
       | one in the TV is just like the original.
       | 
       | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sokoban
        
       | CTDOCodebases wrote:
       | It's worth noting that there have been community efforts to
       | develop an open source design CRT chassis:
       | 
       | https://vimeo.com/591387422
       | 
       | https://github.com/tdaede/td-crt
        
         | gattilorenz wrote:
         | oh, that's great. Anyone selling kits of this? Or an Aliexpress
         | version less geared towards TV and more towards gaming
         | monitors, with VGA, composite and other useful input for retro
         | computers?
        
           | CTDOCodebases wrote:
           | Not that I know of.
           | 
           | RGB hacking is a thing though so for 15khz (~240 x 60hz) aka
           | 240p it is often just simpler to tap into the OSD display
           | chip (lookup jungle chip mod) input an RGB signal.
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VKhEpyFfAHs <- basic RGB mod.
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ANSxASanZes <- advanced RGB
           | mod.
        
             | gattilorenz wrote:
             | Been there, it works, but if the original crt board has
             | issues (and you're not good at diagnosing them) it would be
             | great to get a good quality replacement
        
               | CTDOCodebases wrote:
               | Good point.
               | 
               | What I would like to see is a board made for larger
               | 100/120hz TVs. They often get no love from gamers due to
               | the lag/processing of 240p content so they get junked. It
               | would be a good solution to the lack of multimode CRTs.
               | They are so rare/expensive.
        
       | SomeoneFromCA wrote:
       | Oh yeah, Adrians Digital Basement..Highly recommended youtube
       | channel.
        
       | nickt wrote:
       | This video and reading the recent article referencing Brimar
       | valves (of the vacuum tube variety) [1] led me down the rabbit
       | hole of, how hard can it be to make a few CRTs. Despite growing
       | up with them, it turns out I had no idea. Lots of ovens and nasty
       | chemicals involved - see for yourself in this great old video
       | [2]. I wonder if anyone in the retro scene is eccentric and rich
       | enough to give it a go...
       | 
       | [1] https://brimaruk.com/
       | 
       | [2] https://youtu.be/32yYfTVIzBE
        
         | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
         | > https://youtu.be/32yYfTVIzBE
         | 
         | Great video. I've got to 6:06 so far no mention of nasty
         | chemicals yet.
        
           | skissane wrote:
           | Transcript: https://youtubetranscript.com/?v=32yYfTVIzBE
           | 
           | From the transcript (I dislike watching videos), it appears
           | the video never discusses the chemicals involved - but I'm
           | sure some of them are rather toxic. It is an old film, and
           | when it was produced people didn't see the toxicity of
           | chemicals used in manufacturing processes as being as worthy
           | as note as people do today - both environmental and workplace
           | health/safety issues were less on people's radar. Plus it
           | obviously is marketing/PR for the manufacturer, and who wants
           | to mention toxic chemicals in something like that?
        
             | hetman wrote:
             | It's worth mentioning though that in general as our
             | technology has gotten more exotic, so too the chemicals
             | needed to manufacture it have gotten more toxic.
        
               | snthd wrote:
               | Is there some underlying rule/"law" of fabricated
               | products shrinking in scale requiring increasing energy
               | density/control for their manufacture (more reactive
               | chemistries) presumably to counter a general backdrop of
               | entropy / entropy-density?
        
           | Aeolun wrote:
           | 10:37 has hydrochloric acid
        
             | mrob wrote:
             | Sounds like hydrofluoric acid to me, which is even more
             | dangerous. But seeing as you're making a vacuum chamber
             | anyway, perhaps oxygen plasma could be substituted.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_cleaning
        
         | CTDOCodebases wrote:
         | I remember hearing the main issue is that the glass is made up
         | of a significant amount of led so even if it was commercially
         | feasible it would be legally impossible to sell, import or
         | manufacture new CRT tubes due to the regulations many developed
         | nations have in place.
        
           | mrob wrote:
           | Lead glass is only used for the back and sides of the tube.
           | It can't be used for the faceplate because x-rays make it
           | turn brown. Instead, barium-strontium glass is used for the
           | faceplate. It seems that use of lead is only a cost
           | optimization, and the whole thing could use barium-strontium
           | glass instead.
           | 
           | Searching for "lead glass CRT browning" on Google found this
           | sample chapter from an unidentified book, provided by the The
           | Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, which
           | includes some details:
           | 
           | https://spie.org/samples/TT54.pdf
        
             | NL807 wrote:
             | The chapter is from:
             | 
             | Kenneth Compton, "Image Performance in CRT Displays", SPIE
             | Tutorial Texts in Optical Engineering Vol. TT54
        
             | wkat4242 wrote:
             | It's kinda mad we used to stare at an X-Ray gun though :)
             | especially the ones in the 80s didn't quite filter all of
             | them out.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | willis936 wrote:
           | How are car batteries sold, imported, or manufactured?
        
             | CTDOCodebases wrote:
             | That was the explanation I was given when asked.
             | 
             | I imagine different regulations apply to different
             | products. Also obviously different countries have different
             | regulations.
             | 
             | Lead makes up 20-25% of the contents of the glass of a CRT
             | tube so I imagine that restrictions like those listed in
             | the link below would cause issues.
             | 
             | https://dtsc.ca.gov/restrictions-on-the-use-of-certain-
             | hazar...
        
             | elzbardico wrote:
             | There are exemption. And if you think of it, it is a lot
             | easier to properly dispose and recycle the plates in a car
             | battery than in electronics solder or glass.
        
           | jdietrich wrote:
           | I can't speak for any other regulations, but the EU's RoHS
           | has a specific exemption for lead in the glass of cathode ray
           | tubes.
           | 
           | CRTs are still being actively manufactured, primarily for
           | avionics and military applications.
           | 
           | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-
           | content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A...
           | 
           | https://www.thomaselectronics.com/manufacturers/
           | 
           | https://moores-glass.co.uk/products/cathode-ray-tubes/
        
         | Aeolun wrote:
         | It may just be me, but this video actually seems detailed
         | enough to replicate the process if you have the right
         | materials/machinery.
        
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       (page generated 2023-08-19 23:02 UTC)