[HN Gopher] "Green smoothie cleanse" causing acute oxalate nephr...
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       "Green smoothie cleanse" causing acute oxalate nephropathy
        
       Author : gardenfelder
       Score  : 58 points
       Date   : 2023-08-17 21:11 UTC (1 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
        
       | gardenfelder wrote:
       | >Given the increasing popularity of juice cleanses, it is
       | important that both patients and physicians have greater
       | awareness of the potential for acute oxalate nephropathy in
       | susceptible individuals with risk factors such as chronic kidney
       | disease, gastric bypass, and antibiotic use.
        
       | OJFord wrote:
       | Reminds me of 'fruit-only-diet influencer dead at 39'. However
       | 'healthy' an extreme diet seems, _in extreme_ it almost certainly
       | isn 't. Yes most people should probably eat more fruit; no they
       | should not eat exclusively fruit.
       | 
       | (random source: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-
       | news/2023/08/01/zhanna-sam...)
        
         | TylerE wrote:
         | That's wild. The photos on her instagram look like something
         | out of a '90s UNICEF commercial.
        
       | atarian wrote:
       | This is why I tell people to go easy on the spinach when they're
       | making smoothies.
        
         | stickfigure wrote:
         | I offer, somewhat tongue-in-cheek, this lecture:
         | 
         |  _Don 't eat plants; they're trying to kill you!_
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j1cqNDDG4aA
         | 
         | I usually forward it to friends that rant about meat being bad
         | for your health.
        
         | zingababba wrote:
         | Yeah, throwing a bunch of greens into a blender is not a great
         | way to consume them. Boiling/steaming is the way to go. The
         | vast majority of vegetables I personally eat are well cooked
         | and mushy.
        
           | Bluecobra wrote:
           | I used to make green smoothies all the time, even went as far
           | to by an expensive Blentec blender. If you are following
           | Weight Watchers you actually get penalized for
           | blending/juicing vegetables, so I stopped. Normally these are
           | zero point foods. Their justification makes a lot of sense to
           | me:
           | 
           | https://www.weightwatchers.com/au/blog/food/why-fruit-
           | counts...
        
             | whycome wrote:
             | The fiber factor probably plays a big role too. Sometimes
             | juicers take that out. Fiber can make you feel full and it
             | may also play a role in rate of sugar absorption.
        
         | hombre_fatal wrote:
         | Because of a case study of one woman who did a fad cleanse and
         | had predisposers like a gastric bypass and prolonged antibiotic
         | therapy?
        
           | hackerlight wrote:
           | Hmm? Oxalates causing less severe damage (kidney stones) is
           | more common than just one woman. If you are a vegan you know
           | you need to go easy on things like raw spinach and almonds.
        
             | hombre_fatal wrote:
             | Could you bring some empirics to the table for normal
             | people having a common problem with oxalates at normal
             | doses without predisposing issues like kidney disease or
             | the ones the woman had in the case study?
             | 
             | Does "going easy on oxalates" just mean you have fewer than
             | six spinach smoothies per day?
             | 
             | I'm used to these dietary memes cashing out into either
             | trivial claims or nothing burgers.
        
               | retrac wrote:
               | > Oxalic acid has an oral LDLo (lowest published lethal
               | dose) of 600 mg/kg.[62] It has been reported that the
               | lethal oral dose is 15 to 30 grams.
               | 
               | and
               | 
               | > Frozen commercially available spinach in New Zealand
               | contains 736.6 +- 20.4 mg/100g wet matter (WM) soluble
               | oxalate
               | 
               | while the USDA says about 900 mg per 100 g for American
               | spinach on average.
               | 
               | So roughly 1% of the wet spinach by weight. 1 kilo of
               | high-oxalate spinach probably has 10 - 20 grams of oxalic
               | acid. That's a lot of spinach, but probably chuggable in
               | one day in smoothie format. Far too close to the LD50
               | estimate for my comfort!
               | 
               | For one large salad, it's unlikely to exceed a couple
               | grams. I'm unsure about the effects of chronic lower dose
               | exposure.
        
               | hombre_fatal wrote:
               | This is what I mean, though. How many people
               | regurgitating "Be sure to watch out for oxalates!" know
               | that we're talking about thousands of grams of spinach?
               | 
               | Looking it up, people generally eat 50-200mg of oxalates
               | per day with 1000mg being the outlier high end.
               | 
               | Eat your spinach. If you're worried, then cook it.
        
               | DennisP wrote:
               | Well there's the dose that kills you, but there's also
               | the dose that over time gives you kidney stones, if
               | you're prone to that.
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | Wait how easy do I need to go on the almonds? I've been
             | eating maybe half a pound a week.
             | 
             | Despite your statement I don't think this knowledge is
             | automatically distributed amongst vegans.
        
               | DennisP wrote:
               | Almonds are one of the highest-oxalate foods but I think
               | generally it's fine unless you're prone to calcium
               | oxalate kidney stones. But most people find out they're
               | prone when they get their first stone.
               | 
               | I've gotten two and don't recommend. Things that help,
               | short of the sort of restrictions I'm stuck with: drink
               | lots of water with high-oxalate foods, and eat foods high
               | in calcium with them. The calcium binds with the oxalate
               | in your guts instead of your kidneys and passes right
               | out. Some people dissolve a calcium pill in the water
               | they boil spinach in.
               | 
               | They can see tiny stones in your kidneys with a scan so
               | it's possible to check before you get a real problem,
               | though I don't know if they would without any symptoms.
        
               | hombre_fatal wrote:
               | > Despite significantly more dietary oxalates (254
               | mg/day) and oxalate-containing foods such as nuts,
               | vegetables, and whole grains, participants with higher
               | DASH scores have a 40-50% decreased risk of kidney stones
               | [68]. This is perhaps attributed to the protective and
               | synergistic effects of phytate, potassium, calcium, and
               | other phytochemicals all abundant in the DASH dietary
               | pattern. Similar findings regarding the protective role
               | of vegetables on urolithiasis risk were reported by Zhuo
               | et al. [69]. While animal protein consumption was
               | associated with higher kidney stone risk, vegetable and
               | tea consumption were associated with a decreased risk of
               | stone formation.
               | 
               | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7600777/
               | 
               | A lot of the "common sense" about oxalates just sound
               | like social media memes.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Arsenic is the thing to watch for I believe. Stay away
               | from bitter almonds, roasted should be fine. You'd have
               | to eat a 25 Kg bag of sweet almonds to get into trouble.
               | Not sure about the cumulative effects though, that might
               | be worth checking into.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | ansible wrote:
               | I assume this issue is the same with almond milk? I'm
               | almost always buying oatmilk, though.
        
               | walnutclosefarm wrote:
               | Not Arsenic, but rather bitter almonds contain compounds
               | that the body degrades into cyanide.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Ah yes, that was it, sorry for mixing those up. But
               | regardless, bad idea to eat any sizeable quantity of
               | bitter almonds.
        
       | atleastoptimal wrote:
       | Oxalates can be balanced out with calcium, that's why cruciferous
       | veggies don't cause as many issues as spinach.
        
       | stevespang wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | kalupa wrote:
       | 2017?
        
       | wirelesspotat wrote:
       | In the report's keywords it mentions spinach. How much spinach is
       | ok vs too much?
       | 
       | Is this issue caused by consuming too much spinach or by
       | consuming spinach in combination with specific foods found in
       | green smoothies?
        
         | gardenfelder wrote:
         | With oxalate nephropathy, I have an oxalate budget of 100/day -
         | 2 oz of dark chocolate covers that.
         | 
         | But then, if one is concerned, citrates provide a first-line
         | defense,e.g. 4 oz of lemmon juice, or,say, calcium or potassium
         | citrate. That doesn't stop things, but it helps.
         | 
         | In your microbiome, oxalobacter formigenes is the primary
         | defense. Lose that from, say, antibiotics or IBS, and you've
         | got problems.
        
           | gardenfelder wrote:
           | Let me build on that visit https://elicit.org/ and type in a
           | research question like "what causes oxalate nephropathy" and
           | look at the results (elicit is free). That happens to be
           | where I found the paper linked at the top.
        
         | KaiserPro wrote:
         | too much _raw_ spinach, in combination with gastric bypass
         | _and_ prolonged antibiotic use.
         | 
         | The bypass probably doesn't help because you are reducing the
         | time exposed to acid/alkali. The antibiotic also kills off any
         | bacteria that would absorb oxalates.
        
           | gardenfelder wrote:
           | I would agree with that. A lot of research does talk about
           | both antibiotics and gastric bypass surgery. But, that's only
           | a part of the story. My research continues to uncover ways in
           | which oxalates can cause mayhem. Just consider ordinary
           | kidney stones. Calcium Oxalate. Oxalate damage is not limited
           | to that,or to kidney failure through nephropathy. There is a
           | medium.com piece by a fellow who had calcium oxalate crystals
           | in his hearing canal. To get his hearing back, he had to go
           | on a low oxalate diet. There's a pubmed on such situations
           | [1]
           | 
           | [1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2898392/
        
       | TazeTSchnitzel wrote:
       | This sounds like a Chubbyemu video premise. (It's an excellent
       | YouTube channel that posts semi-dramatised medical educational
       | videos, usually following a fictionalised patient presenting to
       | ER after ingestion of some substance, with an explanation of how
       | that substance causes problems in the body and how a medical team
       | might try to address it.)
       | 
       | Actually, there has been more than one video about oxalate
       | nephropathy already, but from more obviously potentially harmful
       | sources (https://youtube.com/watch?v=QJs431FsC_k&t=6m40s,
       | https://youtube.com/watch?v=UrbylXMU8Mw&t=7m45s).
        
       | yakshaving_jgt wrote:
       | Given that this is a case report rather than a study, what
       | confidence can a layman such as myself have that the report
       | suggests causation?
       | 
       | Asking in earnest; I don't want to read this and then repeat it
       | to people if it's not really true.
        
         | hackerlight wrote:
         | I would skip this case study and just research the impacts of
         | too many oxalates.
        
         | stevenwoo wrote:
         | Almost every study on that page links a separate case of
         | gastric bypass with later oxalate dietary issues. There are
         | other reasons to be aware of oxalate intake but it's like that
         | one woman who almost overdosed on raw bok choi (iirc 1-1.5 kg
         | per day https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMc0911005) a
         | little moderation in all things.
        
       | Bostonian wrote:
       | The "cleanse" notion is batty. A functioning urinary and
       | excretory system is all the "cleanse" one needs.
        
         | lukev wrote:
         | I'm sure it makes a lot of people feel better, but almost
         | certainly because of the cessation of whatever dietary behavior
         | was causing them to feel bad in the first place, as opposed to
         | eliminating some undefined "toxin."
        
           | Asooka wrote:
           | And as we can see in this case, most of the toxins that you
           | secrete after a "cleanse" are from the "cleanse" liquid
           | itself! Though to play debil's[0] advocate for a second, the
           | body can retain toxins from the environment, e.g. heavy
           | metals, chemicals from plastics, etc. So there is some basis
           | in the idea of trying to purge toxins, but if you find a way
           | to do that with a smoothie from store bought vegetables, you
           | would be up for at least some kind of prize for advancing our
           | understanding of human biology.
           | 
           | [0] https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/debil
        
             | ryandrake wrote:
             | Words like toxin, detox, cleanse, and rejuvenation are red-
             | flag words that almost always indicate quackery[1]. It's
             | like this generation's "crystal healing".
             | 
             | 1: https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2014/dec/05/det
             | ox-m...
        
           | dorfsmay wrote:
           | From what I am reading, this is true for a lot of diets, what
           | you stop eating during your diet often has a bigger impact
           | that what the diet prescribe you to eat.
        
         | Mesopropithecus wrote:
         | Exactly. So when people take"essential oils" or whatever to
         | "detox" - yeah sure, you may feel a difference.
         | 
         | But that's probably because that substance you ingested wasn't
         | healthy in the first place and what you're witnessing is your
         | body trying to get rid of it fast.
        
         | hirundo wrote:
         | A constrained diet can be a useful tool in identifying which
         | foods cause inflammation and other issues. I now live on a
         | subset of the food groups based on a few dozen such N=1 cleanse
         | experiments, with much improved health.
        
           | jzawodn wrote:
           | say more?
        
             | hirundo wrote:
             | For my idiosyncratic combination of diabetes and
             | gastroparesis the removal of carbs and fiber have been life
             | savers. I fought hard against recognizing that though and
             | had to prove it to myself with cleanses. But the difference
             | was too dramatic for me to ignore.
        
         | DebtDeflation wrote:
         | It's like the idea that getting a massage releases all the
         | toxins in your body and you need to drink water after to flush
         | them out. That's what they always tell me after I get one. I
         | have to restrain laughter.
        
           | ceedan wrote:
           | Even though the toxins myth is incorrect, drinking lots of
           | water after is a good idea.
           | 
           | A deep tissue massage can cause mild rhabdomyolysis, which is
           | where broken down cells (from the massage) get dumped into
           | the blood. Water will help dilute urine while this occurs.
           | Many massage therapists probably do think that there are
           | harmful toxins get released, though.
        
             | msrenee wrote:
             | I suppose the broken down blood cells would be the toxins
             | at that point. Blinds sows and nuts... sometimes one finds
             | the other.
        
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