[HN Gopher] Developers are building communities that act as thei...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Developers are building communities that act as their own miniature
       power grids
        
       Author : mhb
       Score  : 138 points
       Date   : 2023-08-08 13:56 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nytimes.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nytimes.com)
        
       | rndmize wrote:
       | This is something I've been curious/interested in for a long
       | time, so its good to see that somewhere out there (random Pacific
       | islands aside), there's communities making it work.
       | 
       | Some rough numbers I did a month or two ago - Tesla offers a
       | megapack that has 3.9 MWh at a cost of $2.4m. "In 2021, the
       | average annual electricity consumption for a U.S. home was 10,632
       | kilowatt-hours (kWh). Or about 886 kWh per month." That's about
       | 30 kWh per day; my community has 45 houses, so use of 1.35 MWh in
       | total, so a megapack will provide power for 3 days for the
       | community at a cost of ~50k per house. Probably not worth it and
       | I'd expect 3 days to be overkill. But a community that was double
       | our size will have a cost of about 25k per unit for 1.5 days of
       | power - which doesn't sound too bad to me.
       | 
       | Another thing I've found interesting is Anker seems to be getting
       | into the home power business - https://www.anker.com/anker-
       | solix/home-energy-solutions?ref=... - which I'm hopeful about,
       | since it doesn't seem like anyone except Tesla has been able to
       | make something that feels simple/easy/attractive. Every time I've
       | look at Powerwall alternatives I'm been unimpressed by the
       | offerings; maybe Anker can deliver.
        
         | oh_sigh wrote:
         | Realistically you could get that number 6x smaller, because
         | people could voluntarily cut their usage from 30kwh to 15 when
         | the power is out, and 1.5 days of power is probably overkill
         | when 12 hours would get you through 99% of power out scenarios
         | in America.
         | 
         | On top of that, when the grid is functioning normally, you
         | could use the batteries to get cheaper electric rates with time
         | of use pricing.
        
         | maliker wrote:
         | Pair the storage with some solar, and you could probably reduce
         | the storage size or increase the survival duration (or both).
         | 
         | Here's a fun tool that lets you play around with the balance of
         | these things and see the expected cost:
         | https://reopt.nrel.gov/tool
        
         | nuancebydefault wrote:
         | I never stop to be amazed how average consumption figures in
         | the US are often at least 100 per cent bigger than in Europe.
         | At least for water and electricity, let alone fuel.
         | 
         | Just a thought that naturally pops up... :
         | 
         | If you take the reasoning one step back, wouldn't it be easier
         | to optimize the consumption side (low hanging fruit) in favour
         | if optimizing the cost per unit of energy? The latter seems a
         | lot of effort, at least for the devs.
        
           | cultofmetatron wrote:
           | its pretty easy to understand when you spend significant time
           | in both.
           | 
           | european cities: typically built for density. I'm never more
           | than a 10 minuite walk to a grocery store. I can hop on a
           | train or tram to get to work and I can usually stop to get
           | groceries for the day on the way. if you're in a city like
           | athens, you can get fresh fish and meat. was probably
           | dreaming of finding a mate or eating fresh acorns on the
           | other side of the pasture barely a day ago.
           | 
           | USA: Its a hellish landscape of urban sprawl. want to get
           | sone milk or eggs? its illegal in most place for there to
           | exist a grocery store within walking distance. be prepared to
           | walk along the side of a busy road to get to a convenience
           | store which might have what you are looking for. maybe
           | there's a sidewalk if you're lucky. Every damn trip requires
           | a car. your work place is probably 30 min drive minimum.
           | there is no other way to get to work. since getting to the
           | store requires effort, you're going to go get a week's worth
           | of groceries to save time. fresh meat? nah, killed weeks ago
           | in a centralized slaughter house and shipped accross the
           | country after a life of being fed corn farmed with chemical
           | fertilizers and shipped to the animals in temperature
           | controlled facilities. better keep a large fridge to hold it
           | all. wouldn't want it to spoil before you eat it.
           | 
           | you literally can't live in the USA without increasing your
           | consumption. its built into the dna of our infrastructure.
        
           | eddy_chan wrote:
           | I would imagine in the southern states where it's 40 degrees
           | C+ every day for 3 months-4 months or more on end the
           | heatpump (aka reverse cycle a/c) is basically kept on
           | constantly. Let's say it draws 1kw on average, that's 24kwh
           | right there. They actually draw more than that. There's no
           | way around it if you want to live comfortably. But I think
           | the whole society is designed so much around driving
           | everywhere and living in detached houses that the low hanging
           | fruit is actually to install solar/batteries for these guys.
        
         | s_tec wrote:
         | I recently installed an Enphase home backup system as a DIY
         | project (crazy, I know). The biggest problem with any home-
         | backup system is moving the loads onto their own sub-panel.
         | When the utility goes down, power needs to flow into the home,
         | but _not_ to the rest of the neighborhood. To do this, a switch
         | needs to physically disconnect the utility meter from the main
         | loads panel. If this isn 't possible (such as when the meter is
         | integrated into the panel), all the loads need to move to a
         | sub-panel. This is the hard part.
         | 
         | Once the meter and main panel are separate, the various backup
         | solutions become pretty similar. The disconnect switch installs
         | between the two, with the solar and battery attached. Sometimes
         | the disconnect switch + solar + battery are all in one unit
         | (like the Bluetti EP900), while sometimes the solar inverter,
         | battery, and switch are all separate units (like Tesla or
         | Enphase). The Tesla switch and battery are sleek & glossy, but
         | the inverters are ugly. The Enphase stuff isn't quite as shiny,
         | but at least the boxes look consistent.
         | 
         | Performance-wise, the systems seem pretty similar as well. Most
         | systems are around $10K for 10KWh of capacity, with somewhere
         | around 6-9 KW of peak discharge rate. I imagine these prices
         | will drop a lot over the next decades. If the battery becomes
         | obsolete, just install a different system. Once the home is
         | correctly wired, swapping the storage system should be pretty
         | straightforward.
        
           | rstupek wrote:
           | Why did you choose the Enphase system versus any of the
           | others? How much capacity did you install and is it
           | upgradeable?
        
             | s_tec wrote:
             | I like the distributed architecture. Each solar panel has
             | its own inverter, as well as each battery. If I want more
             | panels or batteries, I just add them in parallel with the
             | existing panels or batteries. If a panel or battery goes
             | down, the remaining ones keep working. Avoiding high-
             | voltage DC also makes the project more DIY-friendly. The
             | downside is that Enphase requires users to take online
             | classes before they grant access to the installer app (easy
             | but time-consuming).
             | 
             | Right now I have 3.8KW of solar and a single 3.3KWh
             | battery. We are producing more than we use most months, so
             | the solar is good but the battery is undersized. If we have
             | an extended grid-down scenario like what happened in Texas,
             | the system will mainly provide daytime backup plus a few
             | evening hours. This is still better than nothing, and we
             | can easily add more batteries as we have the budget.
        
               | rstupek wrote:
               | Thanks for the info. Do you know how much you saved by
               | doing the install yourself? Did you also do the solar
               | install? I was considering using a battery to time shift
               | power as my power provider has free nights.
        
               | s_tec wrote:
               | I installed the solar first, which cost about $10k for
               | parts, plans, and permits. I got quotes between $18k -
               | $26k for the same-sized system professionally installed,
               | so this was a great savings for 3-4 weekends of physical
               | effort.
               | 
               | I don't know how much I saved on the battery, since I
               | didn't get any quotes. The battery was vastly more time
               | and effort, since I had to move my house onto that backup
               | loads panel.
               | 
               | If you just want to shift usage, the backup panel may not
               | be necessary. The Enphase batteries do support a fully
               | grid-tied mode, where they simply connect to your main
               | panel as a branch circuit. I'm sure other brands do too.
               | This would be an easy DIY weekend project, as opposed to
               | a months-long home re-wiring project. The Enphase
               | mandatory training would be the biggest downside for
               | using them here.
        
             | hedora wrote:
             | Not the person you asked, but Enphase has a reputation of
             | being much more reliable then the Tesla stuff. You can have
             | up to 40kWh of batteries. I think the peak wattage is also
             | higher per kWh than powerwalls.
             | 
             | Also, we tried to get Tesla to install solar on our roof,
             | and will never do business with them (especially that half
             | of the company) again. There's a reason their solar market
             | share is plummeting. Many news stories have been written on
             | this subject. I won't repeat them here.
             | 
             | LG and Generac also make home batteries. From what I can
             | tell, their offerings are also fine.
             | 
             | The main limitation of all the existing systems (vs. the
             | recently-announced Anker) is that they scale amperage
             | linearly with capacity. This is a pain because the
             | batteries produce way more current than you need, but you
             | have to pay for an electrical bus that can handle peak
             | output. This is why the enphase is limited to 40kWh.
             | 
             | I'd strongly recommend against trying to do the
             | installation of the Enphase yourself. It's extremely hands
             | on.
        
               | rstupek wrote:
               | I didn't see much in the way of details on the Anker site
               | regarding their system. It seems none of the companies
               | selling their systems make it as easy as tesla to order
               | one.
        
           | newZWhoDis wrote:
           | You don't need an isolation switch if you use a sol ark 15k
           | or EG4 18k, you can just tie the grid straight in and they
           | have isolation built in if the grid goes down.
        
             | jaggederest wrote:
             | This is the way I'm looking to go once I get a few thousand
             | together. They're really impressive hardware and the
             | software is tolerable and updatable.
        
           | rsync wrote:
           | "To do this, a switch needs to physically disconnect the
           | utility meter from the main loads panel ... this is the hard
           | part.
           | 
           | It doesn't need to be.
           | 
           | You can just use a physical interlock and toggle between
           | utility breaker and (any input you want) breaker.
           | 
           | You can do this on an integrated meter panel.
           | 
           | This is a dead-simple configuration that you can comprehend -
           | and verify - with your own eyes.
           | 
           | The lock-out switch is NEC compliant, utility approved, etc.:
           | 
           | https://www.amazon.com/Generator-Interlock-Compatible-
           | Homeli...
           | 
           | Yes, you do lose all power for a second or two but ... so
           | much simpler and comprehensible than an ATX solution.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | You don't move the loads to the sub panel. You make a new
           | main panel, move the feed to that, and turn the old main
           | panel into a sub panel. Much easier.
        
             | moffkalast wrote:
             | Third option: you get a panel of experts and they tell you
             | what to do with the panel.
        
             | ketzo wrote:
             | Sort of a silly question -- how do you know that? Where
             | would you recommend I start reading if I wanted to know
             | things like that?
        
               | s_tec wrote:
               | The National Electrical Code contains the rules for this
               | sort of thing, plus whatever extra rules your local
               | jurisdiction adds. I bought a copy of the code itself
               | plus an "Illustrated Guide to the National Electrical
               | Code" to learn this stuff. There are lots of YouTube
               | videos for electricians, by electricians. DIY channels
               | can also be helpful, but they don't always follow code.
               | 
               | In my case, the local utility requires the electrical
               | meter to be accessible (obviously) and to be a certain
               | distance from the gas meter (obviously). Because of the
               | way my house is shaped, there simply isn't room to move
               | the electrical meter, so a sub-panel was the simplest
               | option. Anything else would involve tearing open the
               | driveway, which would be worse. It really depends on the
               | situation.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | I'd start with this book: https://www.amazon.com/Wiring-
               | House-Sixth-Rex-Cauldwell-dp-1... (prerelease, but the
               | earlier versions are good)
               | 
               | It'll give you a really good introduction to house
               | electrical systems, things like "any panel that is
               | connected directly to the utility is the main panel, any
               | panel that is connected to a panel with a shutoff is a
               | sub panel".
        
               | ketzo wrote:
               | This is absolutely perfect, thank you!
        
               | timnetworks wrote:
               | If you were asking about anything else the answers could
               | come from anywhere, but for this;
               | 
               | https://catalog.nfpa.org/NFPA-70-National-Electrical-
               | Code-NE...
        
               | tired_star_nrg wrote:
               | Solar energy international is a great resource for
               | learning about solar & battery system design:
               | 
               | https://www.solarenergy.org/
        
         | hkt wrote:
         | It'd become much more sustainable to do what you're talking
         | about if it was accompanied by energy saving measures. Do it
         | well and you could easily aim for 5kWh per day per house by
         | minimising heating and cooling choices.
        
         | momirlan wrote:
         | anker, being a Chinese manufacturer, doesn't have much chance
         | to penetrate the western markets. even assuming they can
         | develop a dependable product. but I wouldn't trust more than a
         | headphone, or a wall charger from them.
        
           | croes wrote:
           | Pretty strange view, when you consider that China still is
           | the workbench of the world.
        
           | vorpalhex wrote:
           | Anker knows batteries and their LiFePO4 batteries are solid
           | stuff (as are their traditional lithium cells).
           | 
           | Even if you prefer a US maker, competition will help lower
           | prices.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | I agree on being careful with China goods in general, but
           | Anker is one of the very few very trustworthy brands out
           | there. IIRC, the only fuck-up regarding batteries they did
           | was with the 535 power banks, and they handled that one very
           | solidly [1].
           | 
           | [1] https://www.cnet.com/tech/computing/anker-recalls-
           | some-535-p...
        
             | mschild wrote:
             | Unfortunately, no they're not. Anker owns Eufy and they had
             | some massive issues.
             | 
             | https://www.digitaltrends.com/home/anker-admit-eufy-
             | security...
        
         | adql wrote:
         | > Probably not worth it and I'd expect 3 days to be overkill.
         | But a community that was double our size will have a cost of
         | about 25k per unit for 1.5 days of power - which doesn't sound
         | too bad to me.
         | 
         | If you're not looking to go completely off-grid, I think you
         | want to double it again. At basic level, battery pack is there
         | to soak solar power during a day and give it off when the solar
         | is down.
         | 
         | 16 hours is enough to cover most or all of that..
         | 
         | I think the model could work if the local community basically
         | "sold" the battery storage capacity to the users.
         | 
         | Pay few cents for kWh to store it for 24 hours, anything in
         | excess can be sold back to residents at slightly lower than
         | market price, producing some money for maintenance and
         | upgrades.
        
       | nathancahill wrote:
       | Highly recommend reading "The Grid: The Fraying Wires Between
       | Americans and Our Energy Future" if this is your cup of tea.
        
       | NelsonMinar wrote:
       | Is there a good technical analysis on whether microgrids are
       | helpful in the context of a first world country with a reliable,
       | well-run large electricity grid?
       | 
       | On the face of it, larger grids seem better. I simply don't
       | believe this claim in the NYT article: "microgrid also eases the
       | burden on the local utility, because it can disconnect from the
       | larger grid during a period of overload". (Either the microgrid
       | doesn't have enough power or has too much; either way it'd be
       | better to share its resources, no?)
       | 
       | As a PG&E customer I'm stretching a lot to assume "a reliable,
       | well-run grid". I've got my own picogrid here with solar and a
       | generator because our grid is so badly run. But I'm still a
       | technocrat optimist and think most grids can be run at very large
       | scale well. Am I wrong?
        
         | maliker wrote:
         | The US grid is still pretty reliable now, but it's been getting
         | worse and worse.
         | 
         | E.g. see some of the recent NERC reports
         | https://www.powermag.com/nerc-warns-of-mounting-reliability-...
        
         | kccqzy wrote:
         | During a period of overload, which I interpret to mean the
         | demand exceeding both traditional supply and micro grid supply,
         | there has to be some kind of disconnection to protect the grid.
         | When that disconnection happens, micro grids can at least still
         | power limited number of appliances.
         | 
         | Making the grid larger and more extensively shared power
         | decreases the probability of overload but increases the
         | inconvenience when such overload does happen.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | > "microgrid also eases the burden on the local utility,
         | because it can disconnect from the larger grid during a period
         | of overload". (Either the microgrid doesn't have enough power
         | or has too much; either way it'd be better to share its
         | resources, no?)
         | 
         | Maybe, but probably not. The microgrid is often much more
         | expensive than the regular grid, and provides noisy power that
         | the grid doesn't want. Think diesel generators. Getting those
         | power sources to sync up with the grid is tricky and adds much
         | higher costs to equipment that most places don't need.
         | 
         | Some utilities will give you a discount on your power if a few
         | times on their busiest days you agree to disconnect from the
         | main grid and run your backup. These are days when power is
         | most expensive for everyone (the grid is running their more
         | expensive power sources), so that the microgrid is also using
         | expensive power balances out. It is generally only considered
         | worth doing this if you already are thinking about having a
         | microgrid that can work when the local power goes out. However
         | if you are already thinking about installing such a system you
         | can save a lot of money by being able to separate from the
         | regular grid on demand - but it isn't enough to pay for the
         | install and maintenance costs of the microgrid.
         | 
         | Now if your microgrid is solar you provide clean power that is
         | easy to sync up with the rest of the grid. To make solar work
         | as a micro grid requires expensive batteries (which need to be
         | maintained and replaced correctly). So for solar installs
         | connecting to the grid makes sense if you can as it is cheaper.
         | Even if you do want the microgrid for power outages, you can
         | get by on a much cheaper system if you don't buy a system large
         | enough to handle your worst case usage (which is a long
         | sequence of cloudy days in winter)
        
         | bobthepanda wrote:
         | Microgrids aren't exactly new; essential campus type facilities
         | (hospitals, universities, emergency services, military
         | facilities, etc.) have often run their own grids. The major
         | difference is that it is now starting to get affordable for
         | residential.
         | 
         | The particular problem it solves is mostly the cascade. You can
         | disconnect to insulate from cascading failure, you can probably
         | restart a microgrid easier since it's less things to sync, etc.
         | And a cascade can happen for all sorts of reasons, whether that
         | be operator error (2003 Northeast blackout), a natural disaster
         | that hits the wrong way (hurricane/tornado/earthquake/tsunami)
         | or intentional human disaster (Ukraine)
        
           | Kon-Peki wrote:
           | Here is a nice link to a university microgrid explanation
           | [0]. They claim that it allows them to isolate the failure
           | (external or internal) and continue to provide power to the
           | rest of the campus in 1/10 of a second:
           | 
           | > Prior to the installation of the microgrid, Illinois Tech
           | experienced three or more power outages each year, at a cost
           | of up to $500,000 annually in restoration expenses, lost
           | productivity, and ruined experiments that often cannot be
           | recovered.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.iit.edu/microgrid
        
       | samtho wrote:
       | As the cost of this equipment goes down, this can totally become
       | commonplace, what I fear is the HOA being the monopoly energy,
       | telco, water, and sewage provider that can then charge ridiculous
       | rates because it simply resell from the upstream provider. They
       | can also make the rules on what, if any, value a homeowner can
       | derive from solar panels on their roof, perhaps even going so far
       | as to say that they belong to the HOA and are required to have
       | them on their roof.
        
         | applied_heat wrote:
         | Electric co-ops generally have lower rates and are better
         | managed than larger utilities
        
           | samtho wrote:
           | For ones serving municipalities or communities, sure. My
           | electric company is a co-op, but it is also not a dedicated
           | reseller as it generates most of its power and usually has
           | surplus it sells to PG&E.
           | 
           | With an HOA, the very land your home is built on has this
           | sort of lien via a "special property assessment" and you are
           | subject to their policy or risk having your home taken in a
           | 100% legal way. My electric company cannot do that to me.
        
             | applied_heat wrote:
             | If I don't pay my property taxes the local municipality
             | takes my house too, and they spend money on all kinds of
             | stuff that doesn't benefit me directly or perhaps at all.
        
         | tracerbulletx wrote:
         | If you don't think the HOA is acting in your benefit do you not
         | feel you can affect change by going to the meetings and
         | building a coalition of your neighbors to take control?
        
           | anjel wrote:
           | HOAs are in many cases a collection of opinionated amateurs
           | making binding decisions on behalf of their disinterested
           | neighbors. See also 'special assessments' And that's the best
           | case scenario. HOAs can get a tad 'authoritarian' at least
           | according to John Oliver: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=qrizm
           | Ao17Os&pp=ygUPam9obiBvbGl...
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | You generally don't stand a chance in a HOA if you're not a
           | pensioner who has the time to actually go to meetings and wad
           | through paperwork.
        
             | chrisbolt wrote:
             | Even so, who in the HOA wants _higher_ prices?
        
               | lbotos wrote:
               | I suspect the fear is "HOA wants a new million dollar
               | pool" and wants to pay for it with "profits" from the
               | energy costs.
        
               | ultrarunner wrote:
               | I wonder how a fee charged to be on the board of an HOA
               | would change this sort of behavior. I wonder how
               | increasing it would change the nature of of decision
               | making.
        
               | sowbug wrote:
               | A kickback -- maybe getting a $5,000 vacation in exchange
               | for voting for a superfluous service contract -- can
               | easily offset an extra $50/month fee... for the one board
               | member who cast the corrupt vote.
               | 
               | Same as all politics: it's a shared cost, but somehow I
               | benefit more than you do.
        
               | happytiger wrote:
               | HOAs serve as a launching pad for lesser politicians and
               | can do some pretty twisted stuff in my experience -- they
               | frequently serve as platforms for tiny tyrants.
               | 
               | Also, they are often corrupted by corporate influence.
        
           | wing-_-nuts wrote:
           | Or I could simply never, _ever_ buy a home with an HOA,
           | unless it 's a condo.
           | 
           | Why on earth would I willingly give up the rights to do what
           | I wish with my own property as long as I follow city codes?
           | 
           | ...and no, 'property values' don't cut it. I don't even
           | consider my home when factoring my productive net worth.
        
             | chankstein38 wrote:
             | Not to mention HOAs usually come with a fee sometimes hefty
             | enough to seem like a second mortgage payment. I'm with you
             | I don't understand why anyone would pay hundreds of
             | thousands for something then let the worst members of their
             | neighborhood make decisions about what they can do with it.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | Sure, if I have time. The point of a republic form of
           | government is that you vote every few years and then live
           | your life. While it does take time to figure out who to vote
           | for you don't have to figure out every petty issue, some of
           | which you don't even care about (in a pure democracy you have
           | to decide, and that means learn about them even though you
           | don't care)
           | 
           | HOAs are too small to attract good people to run. (nations
           | are too large and attract tyrants)
        
           | samtho wrote:
           | This has been my stance on the issue, but I am just
           | pessimistic for the first generation of HOA leadership
           | because it tends to attract nosy, controlling busybodies that
           | love draconian rules. It's not until those people die off or
           | move where new leadership has an opportunity to flourish.
           | 
           | Additionally, my statement was more generalized view of how
           | it could be used, obviously if a homeowner finds themselves
           | in this situation, the strategy would be to gather neighbors
           | support and demand it to be changed or just do a hostile
           | takeover of the HOA.
        
       | louwrentius wrote:
       | Better Title: Microgrids Are Giving Power to Rich People
        
         | franl wrote:
         | Rich is obviously very relative, but for many reading on this
         | site, $300-400k is a reasonable home price (the price cited in
         | the article). And the couple in the article paid even less.
         | "The couple, who paid in the low $200,000s for their
         | 1,350-square-foot, three-bedroom home, moved into the community
         | last July."
        
           | comrh wrote:
           | North Carolina in case anyone else is curious
        
       | ZeroGravitas wrote:
       | It's mildly ironic that one of the drivers of solar, battery and
       | EV uptake in the US is private individuals responding to the
       | fallability of the grid and planning for when their connection
       | fails.
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | Grid fragility leads to distributed resilience while driving
         | down the cost of the tech you mentioned as volume ramps.
         | Innovation cannibalism. Systems working as intended.
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | Reduced load is reduced funding which leads to poor people
           | dying in heat wave.
        
             | teaearlgraycold wrote:
             | I'm not sure about that. Home solar will offload unused
             | power to the grid. And the utility will often only give you
             | kWh credits which don't roll over forever. Homeowners are
             | paying for the utility's infrastructure expansion on their
             | own dime and giving them some proportion of _free_ power.
             | The utility goes from being the primary generator of power
             | to being primarily an interconnection system. That means
             | poor people are getting subsidized power from rich people.
             | 
             | Throw in the strong incentive for homeowners to perform
             | power arbitrage and the whole system gets more stable.
        
             | zaroth wrote:
             | It's a pithy conjecture, but I'm unconvinced.
             | 
             | Technological progress like this is almost always made
             | possible through middle and upper class investment in what
             | start as luxury products. Capitalism drives the innovation
             | cycle which brings scale and efficiency.
             | 
             | This is how complex and innovative products become
             | mainstream and affordable. The opposite of poor people
             | dying in heat waves, solar reduces peak stress on the grid
             | making it more resilient and driving down costs.
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | You guys only want to talk about externalities after
               | they're already happening to someone. That is not
               | sustainable.
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | Funding goes to shareholders, not infrastructure, which is
             | neglected to juice profits. Micro grids ensures funds stay
             | local, and are governed by the users. What would have
             | become profits is now infrastructure and user savings.
             | 
             | Edit: Poor people already die because they can't afford
             | their utility bills. Micro grids will help more than
             | convincing utilities to be benevolent and reduce utility
             | bills.
             | 
             | (Have advocated for low income solar and installed more
             | than one rooftop solar system on the roof of those not of
             | means; their electric rates are locked in for decades, as
             | the systems have a 25 year warranty and will continue to
             | produce after that, while utility fuel prices will continue
             | to rise as will their demand to see a return on equity;
             | AMA)
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | Most electric utilities have programs designed to reduce
             | load because they don't want to expand capacity. Programs
             | like replacing your inefficient old fridge, or incandescent
             | to LED bulbs and such.
             | 
             | This is going to be especially true as EV adoption takes
             | off. It could be hard to keep up with increases in demand.
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | > Most electric utilities have programs designed to
               | reduce load because they don't want to expand capacity.
               | 
               | It's not just that. For society at large, the less
               | electricity is consumed the better for the environment -
               | _all_ power generation comes at a serious cost: nuclear
               | may be the most efficient but raises the question of
               | security (especially in earthquake-prone areas or
               | potential hurricane /flood zones), environmental
               | contamination caused by mining, waste storage and nuclear
               | weapon material proliferation; solar takes up a lot of
               | space and requires energy-intensive and polluting
               | production steps; windmills are a danger to flight; all
               | fossil fuels are bad due to CO2 and the impact of however
               | they are mined; running water is bad for fish migration;
               | dam water consumes large amounts of land and is a perfect
               | target to hit in a war (as the Russians showed in Ukraine
               | a few weeks ago); geothermal carries a risk of
               | earthquakes.
        
               | scrlk wrote:
               | > Most electric utilities have programs designed to
               | reduce load because they don't want to expand capacity.
               | Programs like replacing your inefficient old fridge, or
               | incandescent to LED bulbs and such.
               | 
               | I don't think there's anything wrong with going for the
               | cheaper option first (reducing demand via consumer
               | incentives), before building more infrastructure when
               | it's truly needed.
               | 
               | Re: EV adoption - I think smart charging will play a
               | large role. E.g. if you come home from work at 1800, do
               | you need to start charging immediately if you're going to
               | leave the house at 0830 the next day? Spreading out EV
               | charging demand over the evening and early morning could
               | reduce the need to add more capacity.
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | The reasonable option is probably to trickle charge in
               | case you need to go to the store, then ramp up after peak
               | hours.
               | 
               | From a public policy standpoint that matters more while
               | you're grid powered, but with batteries peak draw affects
               | overall power availability, so you'd still want to charge
               | the vehicle slowly while the AC is on and cooking is
               | happening. Same class of problem, different scale.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | It could also be ideal for many people to charge at work
               | during the day. Fleet vehicles would need to charge at
               | night. Plus, if we're using renewable, that's less energy
               | storage needed for the solar generated during the day.
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | You're talking about how it starts. I'm talking about how
               | it ends.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | That still doesn't make sense to me. There won't be any
               | reduction in load. Load will continue to increase as we
               | electrify more things. Currently, increased load is what
               | is leading to power outages in certain areas.
        
               | jsight wrote:
               | TBH, I think EV adoption is mostly a benefit. As consumer
               | appliances go, it is the closest thing to truly
               | addressable demand in common use.
               | 
               | Leveling out gw usage is more important than decreasing
               | total gwh used.
        
       | reacharavindh wrote:
       | Haven't read the article because it is behind a paywall. Based on
       | the title, I have a comment. I hope the battery tech catches up
       | fast that we can have safe (one that is not vulnerable to runaway
       | fire even at as low probability as LFP batteries of today are),
       | and also hold about 50KwH of energy so as to serve as an
       | effective buffer for most households.
        
       | fabiofzero wrote:
       | Power companies should be the ones proposing, subsidising and
       | installing these to replace traditional power grids.
       | 
       | Of course it will never happen because "iT hURtS tHe boTToM lInE"
       | and "fIDuCiaRy oBlIGatION" but this is the way.
        
       | hpb42 wrote:
       | I always wondered if flywheels[0] would be a good alternative to
       | batteries to store energy. Flywheels can absorb peak current,
       | help stabilize grid frequency[1] and can have high efficiency.
       | 
       | But I haven't seen much on the topic, and a lot in chemical
       | batteries.
       | 
       | What are the prices and downsides of flywheels? Does anyone have
       | an up date comparison of commercial solutions with TeslaWall and
       | similar?
       | 
       | - [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flywheel_energy_storage - [1]
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flywheel_storage_power_system#...
        
         | btbuildem wrote:
         | Sounds like they are -- thanks for the links, that was an
         | interesting review!
        
         | herlitzj wrote:
         | https://www.torus.co/torus-flywheel
        
           | reacharavindh wrote:
           | That looks very cool. Mechanical energy storage. Any idea
           | what the return efficiency of such a device is? And guesses
           | about its cost?
        
             | herlitzj wrote:
             | No idea. But interestingly enough, it looks like someone
             | built a grid scale version in PA with funds from the 2008
             | Recovery Act. There's a final tech report here https://www.
             | smartgrid.gov/project/hazle_spindle_20mws_flywhe... in the
             | Related Docs
        
           | ketzo wrote:
           | well, if nothing else, that thing looks futuristic as hell
           | 
           | would love to point out in my yard and say "oh, that? that's
           | our mechanical energy storage device"
        
         | chankstein38 wrote:
         | For transparency, I'm not very well versed on this topic. That
         | said, one concern I've always had with flywheel systems is that
         | it ends up being a crazy heavy thing spinning at a decent rate.
         | I don't know how valid it is but many years of being around
         | maker communities and stuff has given me a respect for heavy
         | things spinning at decent speeds.
         | 
         | They do seem like they would be a simple effective way to get
         | some brownout or power flicker protection though!
        
         | eldaisfish wrote:
         | flywheels solve a narrow problem and are worse than batteries
         | at delivering long term energy. The examples linked in other
         | comments are around 10 kWh of energy. Most north american
         | houses consume around 30-80 kWh per day. The real problem with
         | flywheels is scale and longevity. How many flywheels can you
         | name that have been in service for 20 years? Lithium batteries
         | have won the short duration energy storage race and most other
         | solutions are for edge cases.
        
       | andreamaxwell wrote:
       | Fascinating read! Microgrids and solar energy hold immense
       | potential for a sustainable future. Exciting to witness these
       | advancements shaping our energy landscape.
        
       | hinkley wrote:
       | This story of decentralization has played out before. The hazard
       | is that private grid infrastructure becomes affordable by the
       | upper class, they stop soliciting politicians to maintain
       | infrastructure. Once the middle class can afford it, then the
       | votes evaporate, and the lower class is absolutely fucked. A half
       | rotten water supply or electric grid becomes fully rotten every
       | time there's stress on the system.
       | 
       | Phasing out natural gas in new construction is going to cause
       | this passion play in slow motion. Have you priced out induction
       | stoves? Phew.
        
         | Kon-Peki wrote:
         | > the lower class is absolutely fucked
         | 
         | Is it ironic that the technology is being developed and tested
         | in poor neighborhoods? [0]
         | 
         | > Honghao Zheng, an analytics manager for Chicago's electric
         | company, ComEd, described the microgrid as the seed of
         | something bigger. Moving from a centralized energy model to a
         | decentralized one is the goal, he said.
         | 
         | > Zheng said what's novel about the Bronzeville project is that
         | this grid, unlike others, is not a "one-way street" of power --
         | it's designed to be able to "cluster" with other microgrids,
         | such as the one at the nearby Illinois Institute of Technology.
         | Later this year ComEd plans to test the grids' "island"
         | function, meaning its ability to disconnect from the larger
         | grid.
         | 
         | > "This is only a starting point," Zheng said. "We are also
         | thinking about how to expand this kind of innovative
         | technology."
         | 
         | A microgrid as it's known right now disconnects itself into an
         | island that provides power for everything inside of it when the
         | larger grid goes down. But what they're building now is a
         | cluster of microgrids such that one microgrid can send its
         | excess power to neighboring microgrids so they all have power.
         | If this all works out then the rich folks aren't simply
         | isolating themselves, they are also providing resiliency to
         | their less-fortunate neighbors.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.businessinsider.com/chicago-bronzeville-
         | neighbor...
        
           | bratgpttamer wrote:
           | Until someone introduces a bidding mechanism, anyway.
           | 
           | "Man, we had no power for DAYS and I only got $14.75 from
           | that stupid electric grid thing"
        
         | eldaisfish wrote:
         | This is needlessly dramatic and negative.
         | 
         | The electric grid is what it is today because several problems
         | can only be addressed at scale. There is no way that
         | individuals will accept all the reliability, maintenance and
         | risk that comes with running their own electrical
         | infrastructure. More importantly, location is a very important
         | metric here.
         | 
         | I always feel that comments on solar or renewable energy on
         | this site come from a California-centric perspective. In almost
         | all regions of the planet, power generation at scale provides
         | security, resilience, stability, reliability and other metrics
         | that are always superior to smaller, individual power
         | generation sources.
        
         | burkaman wrote:
         | > Phasing out natural gas in new construction is going to cause
         | this passion play in slow motion. Have you priced out induction
         | stoves? Phew.
         | 
         | More than two thirds of US households already have electric
         | stoves, and normal non-induction electric stoves are about the
         | same price as gas ones. A ban on gas stoves would only affect
         | rich people for the most part.
        
           | terribleperson wrote:
           | When it comes to cooking, non-induction electric stoves are a
           | downgrade from gas stoves, even if they're the same price.
           | Induction stoves are at least an upgrade in some respects,
           | but a downgrade in terms of cookware compatibility. Phasing
           | out gas stoves might be the future, but I wouldn't describe
           | it as something that only affects rich people.
        
             | NegativeLatency wrote:
             | If they're so bad, then why do so many people have them,
             | and seem to be able to cook good food on them?
             | 
             | I appreciate that there are better stoves out there that
             | might make certain things easier but the stove is not the
             | thing that's holding back my cooking.
        
             | burkaman wrote:
             | I disagree. For all common tasks (and most uncommon tasks)
             | that Americans do with a stove, non-induction electric
             | stoves are as good or better than gas.
        
               | nelsondev wrote:
               | I've cooked on both and prefer gas. For pots with
               | curvature (woks), induction doesn't work well. Induction
               | is nice for boiling water/soups, but frying is better
               | with gas. Gas is also more user friendly as a broiler in
               | the oven for toasting than a slow to heat electric
               | element.
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | I agree there are a couple niche cases like woks, but
               | very few Americans ever use them, and if you do there are
               | easy workarounds like electric woks. Electric ovens are
               | typically better for broiling
               | (https://www.consumerreports.org/appliances/ranges/gas-
               | or-ele..., https://www.consumerreports.org/ranges/how-to-
               | get-the-most-f...). Why do you think frying is better
               | with gas?
               | 
               | Obviously some good gas stoves will still be better than
               | bad electric ones, so I'm not discounting your individual
               | experience, but I don't think your experience generalizes
               | well.
        
               | eldaisfish wrote:
               | gas is also incredibly wasteful. the efficiency of a
               | resistive element stove is in the 80-90% range while for
               | gas, it is in the 20s if you are lucky. most of the heat
               | in a gas stove is lost to the environment.
               | 
               | The "better" you report is just perception. there is zero
               | evidence or measurements to back that up.
        
               | fghorow wrote:
               | Errr, assuming that your electricity comes from a
               | combustion source and a simple cycle power plant, at
               | _best_ the work derived from the heat is about 35%. You
               | need to account for that in your 80-90% calculation.
               | (That is, .9 * .35 = .315 using the upper range of your
               | guesstimate.)
               | 
               | In other words, the waste heat has already been lost to
               | the environment at the power generation source in that
               | case.
               | 
               | As always "it depends"... (In this case on the power
               | generation mix in your local grid)
        
             | 0xffff2 wrote:
             | This is total nonsense. I used to believe it as someone who
             | only grew up with gas. Now, I've worked as a professional
             | cook and lived in a variety of places with a variety of
             | electric stoves at different price points. Electric is
             | absolutely just as good as gas if you are a competent cook.
             | It makes no difference whatsoever what the source of heat
             | is on my stove anymore.
        
               | MetaWhirledPeas wrote:
               | As a non-chef this has always been my suspicion, so I'll
               | happily support you. I'm sure the immediacy of the
               | temperature change matters to a degree (zing!) but how
               | hard is it to wait a few seconds?
        
               | terribleperson wrote:
               | I have no professional experience, but I've used gas,
               | coil top, glass top induction, and glass top non-
               | induction. Of those four types induction is by far my
               | favorite, but having to replace half of our pots and pans
               | was annoying.
               | 
               | I would not be surprised if professional electric stoves
               | are better, but the consumer experience is lacking. Coil
               | top stoves often heat unevenly. The non-induction glass
               | top experience is overall not great, with them seemingly
               | being a downgrade from coil tops in all aspects other
               | than cleaning and aesthetics.
        
           | DoingIsLearning wrote:
           | > A ban on gas stoves would only affect rich people for the
           | most part.
           | 
           | And professional kitchens.
           | 
           | For the record I agree with phasing them out but I can see
           | restaurant chefs fighting hard against it.
        
             | burkaman wrote:
             | Sure, but all actual bans in the US so far have made
             | exceptions for commercial kitchens.
        
             | mschuster91 wrote:
             | Mostly the old guard who doesn't want to adapt to induction
             | ovens and Doner Kebab shops where there really is no
             | replacement for a proper gas grill.
             | 
             | At least here in Europe, many restaurants are switching
             | because the writing is on the wall that natural gas will
             | get very expensive very soon.
        
               | cbluth wrote:
               | So soon it that became expensive since the last year or
               | so
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | Indication stoves are claimed to be as good as gas. However
           | the cheapest induction stove in the US is 3x the price of the
           | cheapest gas or electric. And if you go stove shopping you
           | with find lots of options for gas or regular electric, but
           | often only one induction model - if you want some combination
           | of features and are willing to pay - you often still can't
           | get it with induction. (dual ovens, number of burners, burner
           | configuration, non-standard widths - there are lots of
           | options that are at least interesting to someone who is
           | cooking)
        
             | burkaman wrote:
             | I claim that ordinary electric coil stoves are as good as
             | gas for nearly every non-commercial use case, and the
             | moderate popularity of gas stoves was almost entirely
             | manufactured by the gas industry. I understand that some
             | things are harder, like using a wok, but there are easy
             | workarounds, and most Americans never try to do these
             | things anyway.
             | 
             | Electric stoves are also strictly better at a lot of things
             | - very high heat, very low heat, cleaning, repairing, not
             | polluting the air, etc.
        
               | nuancebydefault wrote:
               | And then the step up to induction is even more so a no
               | brainer. That way, just the benefits of gas (fast hot,
               | fast cool) are added on top of electric. Without the
               | cleaning hassles.
        
             | mrDmrTmrJ wrote:
             | Respectfully - all of these "issues" get solved when you go
             | from ~1%->100% market share.
             | 
             | 100x increases in manufacturing volumes will do amazing
             | things for final cost. Expanded market share to 100% will
             | lead to every features imaginable being offered to the
             | market.
             | 
             | Ending gas stoves, and gas distribution in general, is a
             | huge win. Just as phasing out incandescent light bulbs was
             | a huge win. Each "infrastructure grid" that we run to every
             | building (Electricity, Water/Sewer, Roads, IT, natural gas)
             | is overwhelmingly expensive to build and maintain. And if
             | you don't maintain it - you blow up San Bruno[1]. It would
             | be great to delete one!
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Bruno_pipeline_explosion
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | The problem is we are not at a high market share (in the
               | US), and it will be a while before they gain.
               | 
               | I hate my current stove, but no way am I paying the cost
               | for a new one. I also have vacations and other things I
               | want. (As a programmer my income is well above average,
               | so I have to assume the costs are only more prohibitive
               | for most people)
        
             | Gibbon1 wrote:
             | Won't happen but a bit of communism would help. Government
             | specs and purchases induction stoves and sends a trucks
             | around and replaces all the crap electric stoves one
             | neighborhood at a time. Basic idea better to just do it as
             | a coordinated project than piecemeal.
             | 
             | Other thought about decommissioning gas lines. When doing
             | infrastructure projects that require digging moving gas
             | utilities is a big big hassle and expense. Getting rid of
             | natural gas lines would make that stuff easier.
        
             | nuancebydefault wrote:
             | Induction stoves are really not expensive,fast and easier
             | to clean. Also the pans are easier to clean (less chance of
             | burnt grease inside and outside). The shift from gas to
             | electric is a tiny step compared to combustion to EV. I
             | guess it is more a hard-to-shift cultural thing?
        
         | maliker wrote:
         | When solar was becoming affordable, there was a lot of talk in
         | the industry about "grid defection" exactly as you describe,
         | but it didn't come to pass.
         | 
         | Now that energy storage is getting radically cheaper too, I
         | think there's a decent chance that what you predict could
         | happen. It would be... enormously bad.
         | 
         | And I agree load growth plays a part in all this. The big
         | growth will come from electric vehicles--once cars are all
         | electric, that will roughly double the electricity demand.
        
           | hadlock wrote:
           | Roofs generally last for 30 years. In my neighborhood at
           | least, which was all built-out in a 3 year period in the
           | mid-1970s, most of the roofs were replaced about 10-15 years
           | ago (they're rated for 30 years, but everyone pushes their
           | luck as far as possible). Because they replaced their roof
           | pre-~2014 it wasn't cheap or common to do so and thus very
           | little solar was installed at that point.
           | 
           | Those who have had their roof replaced in the last 5-7 years
           | went ahead and put solar on top. My guess would be that when
           | the neighborhood "cycles" through new roofs again in ~15
           | years, more than half will elect to put in solar or
           | solar/battery combo. We are due for a new roof in 2-3 years
           | and plan on doing solar at that time, and possibly even
           | battery.
        
         | ZeroGravitas wrote:
         | The 2022 Inflation Reduction Act has provisions where low-
         | income households can get an electric or electric induction
         | stove fully reimbursed, up to $840. Middle-income households
         | can get half the price of the stove reimbursed.
         | 
         | Apparently, individual states have to do stuff, so it might be
         | like the medicaid expansions where some states opt out of
         | providing stuff for poor people to make a political point.
        
           | thegaulofthem wrote:
           | > opt out of providing stuff for poor people to make a
           | political point.
           | 
           | I would certainly hope my state isn't giving out tax-payer
           | funded luxury stoves.
           | 
           | There is no such thing as "free" here.
        
             | arcticbull wrote:
             | My Bosch 36" mid-range induction cook top was about $2500.
             | High-end ones are like $4000-8000 or even more. So nobody's
             | getting a luxury anything for $850.
        
               | nuancebydefault wrote:
               | I really do not get this. We have twice a 300 euros AEG
               | in two kitchens already running 10 years. How many pits
               | do you cook on simultaneously?
        
               | mcpackieh wrote:
               | One for simmering sauce, one for boiling pasta, and a
               | third for frying up some sausage, veggies, etc. Three at
               | a time isn't unreasonable if you know how long everything
               | takes and do it in parallel to all finish at the same
               | time.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Mine has 2 round elements and one rectangular flex
               | element. Generally 1-2.
        
           | arcticbull wrote:
           | Off-topic but I just don't get why we means-test this. So
           | what if 1% of Americans get $840 so long as the other 99%
           | also get $840 towards a new stove. Surely the cost of means
           | testing and administration is more than 1%?
        
             | delecti wrote:
             | I think you're totally correct. Unfortunately, lots of
             | people have trouble thinking rationally about people
             | getting things they don't deserve (for whatever definition
             | of "deserve").
        
         | s1artibartfast wrote:
         | This is what happens when general public service infrastructure
         | becomes so bloated and ineffectual that even at huge scale it
         | can not compete with small scale alternatives.
         | 
         | At some point it becomes more efficient to put in a natural
         | gas/water/electric storage in your back yard than pay for
         | public service delivery.
        
         | mschuster91 wrote:
         | > Phasing out natural gas in new construction is going to cause
         | this passion play in slow motion. Have you priced out induction
         | stoves? Phew.
         | 
         | Two things here. For one, natural gas _has_ to be removed from
         | the market as the supply of gas is finite, it 's bound to raise
         | in price anyway due to CO2 taxes, it emits toxic particulates
         | associated with lung disease, it's more efficient to run a heat
         | pump than burn any kind of fossil fuel, and it's a major
         | fire/explosion hazard particularly when maintenance is
         | neglected.
         | 
         | The other side is, if you're worried about electricity going
         | down, you can always grab a gas cylinder for a camping stove
         | and live off of that for a week and more - personally, I have
         | an Enders Explorer portable grill that can double as a stove
         | and two 5kg cylinders of gas, mostly to run outdoor BBQs but
         | also usable in case of a prolonged grid outage.
        
           | tick_tock_tick wrote:
           | > natural gas has to be removed from the market as the supply
           | of gas is finite
           | 
           | I'd drop this argument your other points are good but while
           | gas might technically be finite it's not on any timescale
           | that matters here.
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | It's also, head and shoulders above all other fossil fuels,
             | highly amenable to being synthetically produced using
             | renewable resources.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | If you worry about electricity going down you can buy a
           | portable generator powerful enough to run at least some of
           | the stove. Odds are you have never had your electric stove
           | using the full power it can in theory consume (all burners on
           | high and the oven heating), so long as your actual use is
           | less than the stove needs this works.
           | 
           | Heat pumps are great, but it sometimes gets cold enough where
           | I live that they are less efficient than a modern gas
           | furnace. (not every year, but still often enough that I need
           | to plan on those days or my pipes will freeze)
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | Induction stoves want a 220V 40A service.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Then want 220V, but the amp depends on how much you are
               | using. One burner on low will use less power than all
               | burners and the oven all on high.
        
         | franl wrote:
         | What are some examples of this type of decentralization
         | scenario playing out before? What you're saying makes sense to
         | me, but my hope would be that the decentralization would serve
         | more as a supplement than a replacement - therefore still
         | requiring ongoing maintenance and investment to main infra. The
         | alternative without these microgrids and other microinfra is
         | almost guaranteed to result in the half or fully rotten systems
         | you predict as the prevailing recent political climate doesn't
         | give much confidence in terms of getting such massive projects
         | planned and completed successfully (US-centric response).
        
           | polygamous_bat wrote:
           | > What are some examples of this type of decentralization
           | scenario playing out before?
           | 
           | I am not very knowledgeable about this, but the
           | public/private school debate seems to be one possibility.
        
         | black_13 wrote:
         | [dead]
        
       | haspoken wrote:
       | https://archive.is/jrCMZ
        
       | electrondood wrote:
       | Tesla's Powerwall + Virtual Power Plant software allow
       | individuals to profit from arbitraging electricity prices while
       | doubling as a distributed energy grid. Combine that with
       | Megapacks (buffer battery arrays for municipalities) and you've
       | got a distributed energy grid that absorbs load effectively, and
       | makes money for its participants..
        
         | usefulcat wrote:
         | To give some idea of the arbitrage potential, in Texas right
         | now the price is usually $20-$30 / MWh for much of each day,
         | but rises into the hundreds or even low thousands during times
         | of peak demand, usually for 4-6 hours each day. This pattern is
         | very common during the hottest ~4 months of the year.
         | 
         | https://www.ercot.com/gridmktinfo/dashboards/systemwideprice...
        
         | mikeyouse wrote:
         | My friend lives in a small neighborhood north of SF in Marin
         | County, but down a small road that frequently washes out. They
         | were constantly losing power and would be down for days if not
         | longer during big storms that drop a lot of limbs and wash the
         | road out. Rather than deal with the urgency of restoring power
         | to them and all that entailed, PG&E just installed a Powerwall
         | in every house. Many of the houses already had solar so now
         | when the main power line is cut, they can go for days/weeks and
         | live relatively normally. Batteries are going to make a lot of
         | things much easier.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | And in a sane world, few would have a physical internet
           | connection unless you're really pushing serious data (which
           | probably doesn't need to be from home anyway).
           | 
           | I've toyed with shutting my router and modem at night on a
           | timer because it's a waste of 15-20w of electricity for
           | nothing.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | Your cellphone's 4G connection might be fast enough to
             | handle a 4K stream, but there isn't enough RF spectrum to
             | handle 500 devices in the same block trying to stream 4K.
             | That's why you still need physical internet connections.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | That is the promise of 5G though. You personally won't
               | notice any difference but it should support more people
               | in the same area in the same limited spectrum.
        
               | chankstein38 wrote:
               | Plus cell connections and tethering are usually data
               | capped. I don't know where the parent is coming from but
               | within the last few months I got gigabit fiber installed
               | and I'll do anything I can to never lose these speeds.
        
               | themitigating wrote:
               | There could become a point where technology has advanced
               | so far that cell tech is all there is. Imagine everything
               | was just wireless and the internet penertrated everywhere
        
               | jjoonathan wrote:
               | With enough beamforming there's spectrum.
               | 
               | If I option-click the wifi icon on my laptop, it says
               | "NSS 2" -- that is, the Number of Spatial Streams is 2.
               | My laptop and router have identified two different
               | spatial paths between them and are using their multiple
               | antennae to send different data down the different
               | paths.. NSS=2 is the limit for my router because it only
               | has 2 antenna, but those routers with a ring of antennae
               | that look like they were designed by the Dark Lord Sauron
               | to top a tower in Mordor can fire correspondingly more
               | simultaneous spatial streams. Cell towers with antenna
               | arrays can do even better.
               | 
               | There is plenty of spectrum, just not for old single-
               | antenna tech.
        
             | mnw21cam wrote:
             | It is likely that your broadband provider will look at the
             | fact that your router is often "losing connection" and
             | infer that your cabling is dodgy, then reduce your
             | connection speed to try to "help". Also, 15-20W is a little
             | high - my modem uses 3.9W.
        
             | bee_rider wrote:
             | Cell providers seem to advertise ridiculously high
             | bandwidth numbers (far beyond what a home user might need),
             | but don't say much about latency. If I want to edit code
             | over ssh or play an online video game, I care more about
             | the latter, and those things don't seem like non-sane
             | things to do, to me.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | Indeed, one thing I disliked it that Canadian incumbent
               | providers used to (and maybe continue to) refuse to peer
               | freely at IXs. So my closest POP (by their shit routing)
               | for my VoIP provider was in US while on mobile vs my
               | independent home ISP could use the local POP.
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | 20w idle is insane. Probably save more in the long run if
             | you just get a more efficient router so it's not using so
             | much juice during the times you have it on too.
             | 
             | I turn off my wifi off at night. This saves some energy and
             | still allows me me to connect physically if I need to for
             | work or whatever.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | I can't choose my ISP's modem. And I don't think they
               | care about my electric bill. I do disable their wifi and
               | run my own wifi/router.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Interesting. I own my modem. I guess that's not an option
               | everywhere. Plus, options for modems are more limited
               | than options for routers (or so it seemed a few years
               | ago).
        
               | belthesar wrote:
               | It may sound insane, but for folks that are operating
               | gigabit or multi-gigabit fiber connections (certainly not
               | the standard, but definitely becoming more available),
               | the amount of CPU needed to route at gigabit+ speed, the
               | switch chips that need juice, the WiFi radios that have
               | 4+ antennae all needing amplification having a baseline
               | power requirement, there's a surprising amount of juice
               | required. If you're running one of those combo cable
               | "modem" + router + WiFi access point jobbies, that's even
               | more radios that need juice.
               | 
               | I didn't start getting a reasonable understanding until I
               | started watching ServeTheHome videos, where they usually
               | toss each device on some sort of Kill-a-Watt style meter,
               | and then start putting the device under load to see how
               | it changes.
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | Idle, though?
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | The beast my ISP sends out says 5w power save (when does
               | that activate when something is always connected?), 18w
               | typical and 36w max (probably with usb devices plugged
               | in).
               | 
               | https://www.192-168-0-1login.org/datasheet_6208_coda-4582
               | .pd...
        
             | jeffbee wrote:
             | In rural Marin County wireless internet service is very
             | widespread. I see Ubiquiti equipment on most roofs, and
             | these days some Starlink as well.
        
       | exabrial wrote:
       | That is a _lot_ of acreage for solar. What I'm curious about
       | though is what do we do when the solar panels degrade? We haven't
       | solved that problem yet as far as I know; we're looking at up to
       | 1/4 less energy output in 25 years (give or take, results may
       | very, blah blah pedantic the usual fine print here)
        
       | jksmith wrote:
       | I pitched an energy arbitrage system back in 2005, but it was
       | just too far in front of the available technology. The idea was
       | to build small grid co-ops, where endpoints could buy/sell
       | computing power, even just electricity based on demand.
       | Batteries, even idle smart-washing machines and IOT stuff
       | endpoints could provide energy and cycles for whatever.
       | 
       | The tech is becoming possible now, but expect utility companies
       | to launch a threatening offensive against people to stop the de-
       | centralization movement from happening. Nicholas Carr's "The Big
       | Switch" in reverse.
        
         | 93po wrote:
         | There are at least a couple companies doing something similar
         | to this right now
        
       | maliker wrote:
       | The first microgrid they discuss was built by a local not-for-
       | profit electric cooperative. It's a nice example of how there can
       | be benefits to the grid as well as the consumers served by the
       | microgrid. There are not a lot of details out there on the grid
       | benefits, but I suspect a decent one would be moving load off of
       | peak demand times.
        
       | K0balt wrote:
       | My off grid community runs a micro grid for the residents and
       | projects here. Our all solar micro grid runs a coffee plantation,
       | 7 cabins, 5 houses, a gym, a dojo, a lounge/kitchen/dining hall,
       | water production, purification, and distribution, a small school,
       | and several apartments and workshops.
       | 
       | It's totally feasible for many areas and power is comparably
       | priced or cheaper than the local utility while being much more
       | reliable.
        
       | jwr wrote:
       | This content is not on the internet. Can I also submit links to
       | any local site that requires a subscription in order to view the
       | article? Or does this specific site get an exception?
        
         | krastanov wrote:
         | Yes, you can submit any local site with a paywall. For what is
         | worth, it is part of the "community guidelines" for HN to not
         | complain about paywalls (see
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsfaq.html ). Someone will
         | probably post a pirated archive link shortly (edit: they
         | already have).
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | Part of the community guidelines that we aren't allowed to
           | discuss is censorship.
           | 
           | I get that we don't want to spiral on discussing things, but
           | can't discuss them at all is draconian.
        
             | striking wrote:
             | The mod team have made themselves clear.[1][2] I'm not sure
             | what more there is to say, you're not going to "discuss"
             | 'dang into submission.
             | 
             | 1: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10178989
             | 
             | 2: https://hn.algolia.com/?query=paywalls%20by:dang&dateRan
             | ge=a...
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | [1] was eight years ago. I'm not sure that's how
               | decisions work. But if anything more stuff is paywalled
               | now I suspect I know how that would go.
        
             | basch wrote:
             | Does your local library provide access to the new york
             | times?
             | 
             | I'm not sure a private company paying money to produce a
             | story for paying customers quite qualifies as "censorship."
        
           | bee_rider wrote:
           | I'm perpetually surprised this otherwise mostly legit site is
           | OK with us sharing links to pirated material.
        
         | notpushkin wrote:
         | > It's ok to post stories from sites with paywalls that have
         | workarounds. In comments, it's ok to ask how to read an article
         | and to help other users do so.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsfaq.html
        
           | barbazoo wrote:
           | Then why not post the workaround in the first place I wonder.
           | 
           | Alternatively an ignorelist of domains would be nice.
        
         | peoplearepeople wrote:
         | https://txtify.it/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/08/07/realest...
        
       | elicash wrote:
       | There is also networked geothermal
       | 
       | https://heet.org/geo/
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-08-10 23:01 UTC)