[HN Gopher] The Status Quo Coalition
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       The Status Quo Coalition
        
       Author : JumpCrisscross
       Score  : 40 points
       Date   : 2023-08-04 09:13 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (acoup.blog)
 (TXT) w3m dump (acoup.blog)
        
       | hackandthink wrote:
       | >And remember for the United States, like every status quo
       | country, our interest is not having a war in the first place.
       | 
       | I agree with Mr. Devereaux but many influential people do not
       | agree:
       | 
       | "List of wars and rebellions involving the United States of
       | America"
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_the_Uni...
        
         | none_to_remain wrote:
         | It's an interesting article but I think has to be read as
         | American propaganda.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | Wars vs. wars of conquest. The invasion of Iraq was so damaging
         | to America precisely because it blurred that delineation.
        
         | golergka wrote:
         | A single data point is useless without another to compare it
         | to.
        
       | User23 wrote:
       | When I think about this kind of thing I always think about how
       | for the first couple generations, the overwhelming majority of
       | people who lived in the Roman Empire weren't even aware there was
       | an empire. They still believed that they lived in a republic.
       | 
       | Europe is de facto a military protectorate of the USA. They are
       | imperial clients in all but name. And they know it. We see this
       | overt control (not influence!) from time to time, for example how
       | for some reason US policy makers control ASML's exports.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _for the first couple generations, the overwhelming majority
         | of people who lived in the Roman Empire weren't even aware
         | there was an empire_
         | 
         | Source? Even at the peak of the Republic, Rome was an imperial
         | power: economic gains came principally from new conquests.
         | Caesar had to enact land reforms in part because the Romans
         | were half crap at maintaining the agricultural productivity of
         | the Italian peninsula.
         | 
         | > _Europe is de facto a military protectorate of the USA. They
         | are imperial clients in all but name_
         | 
         | The article provides evidence directly undermining this claim.
        
           | jcranmer wrote:
           | Don't forget that the rules of Roman Republic required the
           | assembly to vote to declare war, without any "special
           | military action" escape clause. Which the assembly did
           | basically every single year for a few centuries.
        
         | reducesuffering wrote:
         | Most of Europe _wants_ more US military protection, while the
         | US would prefer to wind it down and Europe to contribute more.
         | Whether you 're Germany, Italy, or Spain, with severe
         | deficiency in the NATO ask of 2% GDP to defense, _or_ Poland
         | who contributes far more than their required share and still
         | prefers more US defense. Lest we not forget that 5 years ago,
         | the US moved significant troops from Germany to Poland, because
         | of Germany 's continued unwillingness to spend on their
         | defense. This caused uproar in Germany and applause in Poland.
        
       | hackandthink wrote:
       | "Status Quo Coalition" (of rich and free countries)
       | 
       | I think Mr. Devereaux is mostly right from a german point of
       | view.
       | 
       | (West) Germany became rich and free because of the USA.
       | 
       | But there were and are considerable differences of interest, for
       | example with regard to Russia policy.
       | 
       | The U.S. was not happy about Willy Brandt's Ostpolitik. (1)
       | 
       | Many Germans were not happy about nuclear armament in Europe
       | (limited nuclear war in Europe) (2).
       | 
       | The Nord Stream pipelines are a story of their own.
       | 
       | Mr. Devereaux is right, however, about the current German stance
       | in the Ukraine war.
       | 
       | (1) https://www.jstor.org/stable/23032805 (The Nixon
       | Administration and Willy Brandt's "Ostpolitik")
       | 
       | (2) https://www.britannica.com/topic/limited-nuclear-options
        
       | lantry wrote:
       | Interesting stuff, and I hope that it's true. Would be really
       | great if humanity can outgrow war.
       | 
       | Not mentioned in the article, but very similar to the "McDonald's
       | Theory of Conflict Prevention"
        
       | publicola1990 wrote:
       | Analysis seems to miss out considering most of Middle East and
       | Africa.
        
       | JumpCrisscross wrote:
       | TL; DR Classic international relations "theory was based on
       | agrarian states or early industrial states. And one of the
       | features of agrarian interstate relations was that returns to war
       | outpaced returns to capital, which is a fancy way of saying you
       | could get richer, faster by conquest than by development. Under
       | those sorts of conditions, most powers were going to be, in some
       | form, 'revisionist' powers because most powers would have
       | something to gain by attacking a weaker neighbor and seizing
       | their resources (mostly arable land and peasant farmers to be
       | taxed)...
       | 
       | But, as we've discussed, industrialization changes all of this:
       | the net returns to war are decreased (because industrial war is
       | so destructive and lethal) while the returns to capital
       | investment get much higher due to rising productivity. In the
       | pre-industrial past, fighting a war to get productive land was
       | many times more effective than investing in irrigation and
       | capital improvements to your own land, assuming you won the war.
       | But in the industrial world, fighting a war to get a factory is
       | many, many less times more effective than just building a new
       | factory at home, especially since the war is very likely to
       | destroy the factory in the first place. This was not always the
       | case! The great wealth of many countries and indeed
       | industrialization itself was built on resources acquired through
       | imperial expansion; now the cost of that acquisition is higher
       | than simply buying the stuff. War is no longer a means to profit,
       | but an emergency response to avoid otherwise certain extreme
       | losses.
       | 
       | So whereas in the old system, almost every power except
       | potentially the hegemon, had something to potentially gain by
       | upending the stability of the system, the economics of modern
       | production means that quite a lot of countries will have
       | absolutely nothing to gain from a war, even a successful one. Now
       | that dispassionate calculation has arguably been true for more
       | than a century; the First World War was an massive exercise in
       | proving that nothing that could be gained from a major power war
       | would be worth the misery, slaughter and destruction of a major
       | power war. Subsequent conflicts have reinforced this lesson again
       | and again, yet conflicts continue to occur. Azar Gat argues in
       | part that this is because humans are both evolved in our biology
       | (and thus patterns of thinking and emotion) as well as our social
       | institutions, for warfare and aggression. We have to unlearn
       | those instincts and redesign those institutions and this process
       | is slow and uneven."
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | stainablesteel wrote:
       | really missed on not using "The Status Quoalition"
        
       | pphysch wrote:
       | > the coalition isn't bound together by American power but by
       | common interests
       | 
       | We can test this theory by looking at instances where coalition
       | members' sovereign interests conflict with Washington's
       | interests. Who ultimately gets their way?
       | 
       | There was an analogous study done IIRC in the late 90s where
       | policy interests of poor vs. rich Americans were compared. In
       | virtually every case, the rich/powerful people got their way,
       | despite the poor constituents having vastly more democratic power
       | on paper. This shouldn't be surprising to anyone living in
       | America.
       | 
       | I believe it's the same story for this Western nominal
       | "coalition". The cases where Washington compromises on its
       | interests are rare and not conceded without a fight. Did Germany
       | really consent to its pipelines getting blown up by another
       | coalition member? Is it really in European interests to suffer
       | massive economic blowback from sanctions? And then Washington's
       | interest gets rebranded "common interest" without much
       | investigation.
       | 
       | The bottom line is that elite-aligned liberals (in the classical
       | sense) like the author are blind to the machinations of power.
       | They presume _a priori_ that the status quo is _natural_ ,
       | structural and broadly consented to, rather than imposed through
       | the vast and tireless efforts of an enormous, mostly-unelected
       | power complex (media, financial, military, intelligence) based in
       | Washington DC.
       | 
       | ...and that power complex is gradually collapsing, partly because
       | of these ideological blinders which hamstring action.
        
         | anovikov wrote:
         | Those sanctions have been introduced by Europe itself, not the
         | U.S.
         | 
         | America had nothing at all to do with it: it's not threatened
         | by war in Ukraine in any way.
         | 
         | Of course, sanctions always hurt both sides. If they did not
         | hurt Europe itself, there won't be any need to introduce them-
         | it means that if say, energy trade was unprofitable, it won't
         | be happening. There are no sanctions that hurt only one side
         | because when they are, they are simply not needed as actions
         | that are to be prohibited, don't happen anyway.
         | 
         | And we got out of it only in a few months, unharmed, things
         | basically got back to normal in 2 quarters.
        
         | lantry wrote:
         | The article talks about this - about how the US benefits from
         | being the "Team Captain" of this coalition. The US generally
         | gets what it wants, or at least gets preferential treatment.
         | The article talks about the fact that most of the institutions
         | in the coalition (e.g. IMF, NATO) were created by the US and
         | slanted towards the priorities of the US.
         | 
         | The article also doesn't claim that the US isn't using it's
         | influence (media, financial, military) to enforce its hegemony.
         | It argues that these actions are actually detrimental to
         | continuing US hegemony, and that the real reason this
         | "coalition" hangs together is because all the members have a
         | common interest in maintaining the status quo. The article
         | talks about the fact that if the US were to press too hard on
         | it's hegemony, the other members of the coalition would turn
         | against it and choose a new "team captain". The article
         | completely acknowledges the fact that most of the members
         | aren't huge fans of the US, for example they don't participate
         | in the russia sanctions, but it points out that they also
         | aren't trying to bust the sanctions. If all these other
         | countries were trying to get out from under the thumb of the
         | US, you'd see them taking this opportunity to align with russia
         | and china to form a "containment coalition", but this hasn't
         | happened (yet)
        
         | jcranmer wrote:
         | Europe suffered no consequences as a result of disagreeing with
         | the US over the Iraq War. It suffered no consequences as a
         | result of disagreeing with the US (and other European
         | country's) concerns over Russian imperialism. It continues to
         | suffer no consequences as a result of disagreeing with the US
         | over China. Turkey suffers no consequences of its considerable
         | disagreement from US foreign policy, despite reaching the point
         | that it is objecting to new entries to the coalition for
         | essentially spurious reasons.
         | 
         | The US does maintain a hegemony, but NATO isn't a vehicle of
         | political compulsion, especially when you compare to the Warsaw
         | Pact, which very much was. Recall that the Warsaw Pact's sole
         | military operation was to invade a country that wanted out, and
         | the Warsaw Pact itself fell apart pretty much the moment the
         | USSR indicated it wouldn't invade countries that wanted out
         | anymore.
        
           | pphysch wrote:
           | > Europe suffered no consequences as a result of disagreeing
           | with the US over the Iraq War.
           | 
           | They also didn't prevent it, so I'm not sure what your point
           | is here: Washington got their way. It was Europe that was
           | burdened with millions of refugees created by Washington's
           | unprovoked invasion of Iraq (then Libya, then Syria).
           | 
           | > It suffered no consequences as a result of disagreeing with
           | the US (and other European country's) concerns over Russian
           | imperialism.
           | 
           | This doesn't make any sense. Europe's economy is in dire
           | straits, and Washington continues to get exactly what it
           | wants.
           | 
           | > It continues to suffer no consequences as a result of
           | disagreeing with the US over China.
           | 
           | Simply not true. One example from this week: https://www.ft.c
           | om/content/095e76a1-6ffd-4962-99e6-33268eebc...
           | 
           | > Turkey suffers no consequences of its considerable
           | disagreement from US foreign policy
           | 
           | Huh? Erdogan blames the US for being behind the failed
           | Gulenist coup, and Turkiye continues to straddle the line
           | between West and East.
        
             | jcranmer wrote:
             | > It was Europe that was burdened with millions of refugees
             | created by Washington's unprovoked invasion of Iraq (then
             | Libya, then Syria).
             | 
             | You are aware that intervention in Libya was driven by
             | France and UK far more than the US, right? In fact, part of
             | the goal of the intervention in Libya was to demonstrate
             | that Europe didn't need to rely on the US to tackle
             | security concerns in its immediate backward--even if that
             | demonstration was a failure.
        
               | pphysch wrote:
               | Yes, I am aware of that, and that it doesn't affect my
               | argument. Washington was still a huge fan of and
               | participant in that brutal unprovoked invasion that saw
               | slave markets return to Libya.
               | 
               | Washington did lead the unprovoked illegal invasions of
               | Iraq and Syria, which had more of an impact on the
               | refugee crisis.
        
         | golergka wrote:
         | > Is it really in European interests to suffer massive economic
         | blowback from sanctions?
         | 
         | Is it really in European interests to be literally conquered in
         | a bloody war?
        
           | User23 wrote:
           | Is it really helping Europeans not get conquered in a bloody
           | war to expend virtually all of their materiel on a US lead
           | proxy war intended to bring about regime change in Russia?
        
             | scatters wrote:
             | Yes. Given the regrettable failure of Wandel durch Handel,
             | Russia would have attacked sooner or later. As it is,
             | expending mostly obsolete European materiel in a trade for
             | Russian materiel at an _extremely_ favorable ratio, in the
             | course of a war fought off NATO soil with a reduced risk of
             | nuclear escalation, is about the best possible scenario.
        
               | User23 wrote:
               | Have you got any impartial source for that "extremely
               | favorable ratio" claim?
        
               | scatters wrote:
               | There are no impartial sources. Oryx estimates a ratio of
               | nearly 3:1, but do you class that as impartial?
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _intended to bring about regime change in Russia_
             | 
             | Nobody wants this. Russia reverting to a hermit kingdom
             | monitored by China is the best-case exit scenario.
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | Regime change is inevitable. It's just whether it happens
               | before or after Putin dies, and how much chaos occurs
               | then. I don't think Putin has laid out a succession plan,
               | and no o e dares try to appear like they could fill his
               | shoes, as is the case of every other dictator.
               | 
               | Best case is Russia doesn't devolve into a bloody civil
               | war.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > I don't think Putin has laid out a succession plan
               | 
               | Technically, he (or, at least, the Russian Federation)
               | has, in that the Russian Federation has, on paper, a
               | representative-democratic Constitution which handles
               | succession to the office of the President (the Prime
               | Minister succeeds).
               | 
               | In reality, of course, the real lines of power in the RF
               | have little to do with the formal constitutional order of
               | government (heck, Putin hasn't even been President the
               | whole time he has been in charge), but with application
               | of influence at the time of the decision, so what has
               | been "laid out" (either Constitutionally or, if Putin
               | indicated a preference outside of that in advance for his
               | successor) makes very little difference. What will matter
               | is the actual positions of influence at the time a
               | successor is called for.
               | 
               | > Best case is Russia doesn't devolve into a bloody civil
               | war.
               | 
               | That's a feature of the best case; but it may also be a
               | feature of the _worst_ case. Bloody internal disorder
               | _isn't_ the worst thing that has happened as a result
               | with dissatisfaction with the existing government and
               | conditions in a major world power.
        
             | PoignardAzur wrote:
             | The "virtually all their material" line is pretty rich.
             | European countries have been sending their military surplus
             | to Ukraine and little more.
        
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       (page generated 2023-08-06 23:02 UTC)