[HN Gopher] Will browsers be required by law to stop you from vi...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Will browsers be required by law to stop you from visiting
       infringing sites?
        
       Author : rntn
       Score  : 189 points
       Date   : 2023-08-05 12:27 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.techdirt.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.techdirt.com)
        
       | javajosh wrote:
       | Instead of passing a law, the French government should publish a
       | blacklist and encourage their citizens to use it.
        
       | freefaler wrote:
       | Cory Doctorow has a prescient talk: "The coming war on general
       | computation" from 2011 (12 years ago) in which he argues that all
       | general computing platforms (OS, phone OS, browser) would face
       | challenges by governments and corporations. This looks like
       | another way to control content distribution and put more control
       | in Google's hands. They've made a great strategic choice in
       | building Chrome browser and effectively superseded Microsoft and
       | Apple on desktops as a platform.
       | 
       | The talk can be found here:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HUEvRyemKSg
       | 
       | When people have means to consume or produce content without
       | control any governmental bureaucrat will try to control this
       | activity. History supports this argument.
       | 
       | No printing press > no cheap books > illiterate population > easy
       | to control what spreads as information and what do not.
       | 
       | Printing press arrived > cheap books > growing literacy > control
       | over the presses. Lenin's first targets were the post/telegraph
       | (communication), bridges and railways (movement of people) and
       | all big printing houses (Lenin's Full Collected works - vol. 32,
       | page 282)
       | 
       | Radio arrived > Fixed Frequencies Radio sets sold & Governmental
       | Radio jamming stations
       | 
       | TV > Licence to broadcast
       | 
       | Internet > Big Firewall of China & etc...
       | 
       | And don't even think about moving money freely as experienced by
       | requirement to show why are you paying someone and those nice
       | people from bank compliance departments.
       | 
       | The cost of enforcement in digital economy is way cheaper than
       | before. The tools are there or can be built cheaply and sadly
       | they're only built one way, from the government to the people.
       | Open governmental data and strong society control over
       | governmental actions is almost non-existent. "Brave new world" is
       | here.
       | 
       | There should be a way to support important open-source projects
       | with fundraising drives for features and etc ... Open source is
       | one of the very few ways to sustain important digital freedoms.
        
         | Nifty3929 wrote:
         | "more control in Google's hands."
         | 
         | I'm much more worried about more control in the _government 's_
         | hands.
         | 
         | In theory at least, there can always be browser or search
         | alternatives. And even if not widespread there will be options
         | for motivated individuals who want a more permissive browser
         | and internet experience.
         | 
         | But I can't escape the government - certainly not without the
         | risk of imprisonment or other legal trouble.
         | 
         | I don't want to be controlled by either corporations or the
         | government, but more and more they seem one-in-the-same. The
         | government uses corporations to administer the control, with
         | the force of law to back it up. As in this case - this is
         | censorship that the government wants, but they force browser
         | companies to administer that censorship under penalty of law.
        
           | bluefishinit wrote:
           | > In theory at least, there can always be browser or search
           | alternatives.
           | 
           | In theory, you can also get a non-Apple/Google mobile phone,
           | but in practice you cannot. In some cases these corporations
           | have _more_ power than the government. It 's also very easy
           | for these companies to work with the government to give them
           | access to your data, so there's not really much of a
           | delineation anyway.
        
             | beebeepka wrote:
             | Just a reminder dumb phones exist, are still widely
             | available, and very cheap. You may not see them much but
             | you can buy them. It's far from theoretical
        
               | runnerup wrote:
               | Ah yes I love not being to use Uber , rent scooters, rent
               | municipal bicycles, check in at my gym, use Duo app 2FA
               | to use SSH at work, or open the doors at my apartment
               | complex.
               | 
               | Turns out, dumb phones are not actually an option
               | anymore.
        
               | sodality2 wrote:
               | Carry a smartphone that you only use to do those things.
               | Powered off all the way when not using it.
               | 
               | Almost everything in that list, is not actually an
               | impossibility for you to get around using. The first half
               | is basically conveniences you're used to having. Buy a
               | bicycle! Print your gym ID or provide name/phone number
               | (this has worked at every gym I've been to)! Tell your
               | job you need them to provide hardware if they want you to
               | use the app. If your apartment really only opens with an
               | app, I'd see if you can clone the RFID and toss it on a
               | keychain.
               | 
               | Everything is an option, it's a decision of convenience.
               | More and more I am thinking it's not worth the
               | convenience.
        
               | runnerup wrote:
               | Yeah... I kinda need this job. They've told me it's a
               | hard requirement. Maybe some day I won't be in such a
               | desperate situation. Until then your suggestions sound
               | untenable for my situation, but thanks.
               | 
               | The apartment is not RFID/NFC. It's HTTPS. Yes, that's as
               | insane as it sounds.
               | 
               | Also, "you can just hack the HTTPS API to trigger via SMS
               | over twilio" is not a convincing argument towards "people
               | don't need smartphones". Arguments towards your thesis
               | are kind of going off the rails there, if I'm being
               | honest.
        
               | AlotOfReading wrote:
               | Imagine that you have a dumb phone that just makes calls
               | and you have the unfortunate luck to be forced into using
               | id.me while paying your taxes. Guess what your options
               | are:
               | 
               | 1) using the id.me app that doesn't work on your phone
               | 
               | 2) doing a video call after waiting in line for several
               | hours, which your phone may not have the selfie camera to
               | do
               | 
               | 3) going to a physical kiosk that may be hours away
               | 
               | Having a smartphone is practically required in modern
               | life. Commercial services assume them. Government
               | services assume them. Social interactions assume them.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | Governments are encouraging monopolies and oligopolies in
           | media, discouraging independent media, and even discouraging
           | foreign media in general. They are leaning heavily on
           | alliances with multi-billionaires in order to do things in
           | partnership that governments have been explicitly prevented
           | from doing themselves. It is in the interest of both the
           | governments and the massive media corporations to eliminate
           | smaller or foreign competition, making the relationship
           | ideal.
        
           | freefaler wrote:
           | The more I read and think about where it will lead, the more
           | I fear it'll go to some kind of digital control with varying
           | degrees of freedom in different countries. Liberal
           | democracies are not the norm in history and for the longest
           | time freedom was achieved by high cost of enforcement. You
           | can do what you want on your farm because no one can
           | see/track what you do there. (The downside is that there are
           | no centralized services available too...)
           | 
           | If people are easily influenced (on mass) and cost to
           | influence them is low enough, the voting system can be gained
           | and the only real mechanism to remove bad government would
           | cease to exist.
           | 
           | I hope I'm wrong, but as Romans knew: "Two things only the
           | people anxiously desire -- bread and circuses."
           | 
           | Now technologies can make this cheap and efficient and the
           | system will change to a worse one, when you don't need so
           | much cooperation from the govern, since you can control them
           | much more efficiently.
           | 
           | Uygur digital control is a telling warning...
        
             | balder1991 wrote:
             | History tells us that societies evolve very differently and
             | it's a bit of a good intellectual exercise to think that
             | maybe what you want now is not what people will want in the
             | future.
             | 
             | That said, assuming human nature remains the same, I
             | logically assume places with a larger degree of freedom
             | will always thrive in comparison to places where there
             | isn't as much freedom (at least in the long run) simply
             | because we know one central place dictating rules can't
             | account for all the trade offs and sooner or later will
             | make a terrible decision no one can escape from, many times
             | motivated by the flaws of the few people making those
             | decisions. Meanwhile a larger degree of freedom allows
             | people to choose what's best for them at scale and trends
             | happen more organically. This seems to be the idea defended
             | in the book "Why Nations Fail" in general terms.
             | 
             | Also it seems to me that the governments don't and can't
             | really control their populations as much as we fear it. To
             | do that, it needs too much information, and even though we
             | can process more and more information much cheaper today, I
             | don't think it makes the big picture any easier to
             | understand. Any visualization of data is doomed to be
             | reduced to simplifications that only tell a very narrow
             | story of what is really happening, or gets locked in a
             | machine learning black box that isn't interested in helping
             | you particularly. The more complex something is, the less
             | likely it is for us to make sense of it, and I think all
             | the subdivisions of human fields (politics, history,
             | economics etc.) actually do more harm than good because
             | when you isolate those things you lose perspective of how
             | they're interacting and a whole model of how something
             | works can fall flat (see economists not being able to
             | predict anything in practice).
             | 
             | The world or human behavior remains and I believe will
             | remain unpredictable with all sorts of emergent behaviors
             | in different scales, if that makes sense. Some even predict
             | nation states are declining and will be replaced by smaller
             | city-state governments that are closer to people's needs or
             | that different forms of organizations will be created to
             | deal with different issues now that companies aren't
             | subject to one country in particular etc.
        
             | coldtea wrote:
             | > _The downside is that there are no centralized services
             | available too..._
             | 
             | Downside?
        
               | freefaler wrote:
               | Yes not all centralization is bad - roads, electricity
               | and emergency services. Cities have economies of scale.
        
           | Aerroon wrote:
           | Unfortunately, I think a lot of government control happens
           | because that's what the people _demand_. Whenever there 's a
           | tragedy or major event politicians (the government) are asked
           | to do _something_ regardless whether it 's effective or not.
        
           | coldtea wrote:
           | > _I 'm much more worried about more control in the
           | government's hands._
           | 
           | To paraphrase the Office "find the differences" meme, "it's
           | the same picture".
           | 
           | Corporations are all too excited to do the bidding of the
           | government and vice versa. There's just some token resistance
           | for show.
        
             | kjkjadksj wrote:
             | And honestly, the separation has a lot of utility.
             | Companies like Raytheon or Lockheed might as well be DOD
             | entities, but by having this layer of public private
             | separation you are able to not only firewall sensitive
             | technologies from certain forms of inquiry if they were
             | held in the public government, but also have the
             | opportunity to profit off these public investments through
             | the stock of the private company.
        
         | hedora wrote:
         | As much as I like Doctorow, Max Headroom's authors were a few
         | steps ahead of current thinking way back in 1988. (S2E13:
         | "Lessons")
         | 
         | The end game has nothing to do with limiting piracy or
         | controlling political speech. Those are just a means to an end.
         | 
         | Ultimately, there will always be some people in power whose
         | goals are illiteracy and weaponizing general purpose
         | computation.
         | 
         | This phenomenon is not new. We produce more food than humanity
         | needs, but warlords and first world governments routinely cause
         | famines by weaponizing food distribution.
        
       | trinsic2 wrote:
       | If I was a browser developer and that law passes, I would just
       | block France from downloading our browser. Solve that problem
       | right there.
       | 
       | Maybe they would stop Microsoft's ridiculous strategy to
       | integrate their browser into the operating system.
        
       | BLKNSLVR wrote:
       | The French government has been covering itself in glory of late
       | hasn't it?
        
       | cabirum wrote:
       | In theory, an easy workaround would be a clean fork stripped of
       | blacklists etc.
       | 
       | But that is why there is an effort to introduce drm in browsers:
       | to make you unable to use unsigned/non-lcomplying browsers to use
       | the web at all.
        
         | ezfe wrote:
         | A non compliant website wouldn't care about that though
        
           | rolph wrote:
           | A non compliant website wouldn't be indexed as well.
        
             | izzydata wrote:
             | Sounds like this would spawn an entire second internet.
        
               | malermeister wrote:
               | Tor already exists!
        
               | izzydata wrote:
               | That seems more encrypted then would be necessary. There
               | would be the locked down DRM verified by Google internet
               | then there would be the internet that just requires an
               | open source browser and only works to get to all the non-
               | DRM internet websites. Basically you would simply do
               | nothing to DRM your site and you'd automatically become
               | part of the open internet rather than the DRM internet.
        
           | mattnewton wrote:
           | Afraid to point this out, less people get the idea to enforce
           | web integrity at the ISP level, like some of the efforts
           | against music piracy / torrenting.
        
             | ddtaylor wrote:
             | Right now with how the attempts are structured everything
             | happens at the TLS level, which means anyone wanting to
             | enforce that would require access to the SSL private key.
             | ISPs and other actors already have the toola via DNS and IP
             | blocking to enforce what they want.
        
               | Am4TIfIsER0ppos wrote:
               | Cloudflare already MITMs most of the internet so they
               | will do it when the time comes.
        
         | croes wrote:
         | Next step, those browsers are declared illegal and users got to
         | jail
        
           | xcdzvyn wrote:
           | Oh please..
        
         | Nifty3929 wrote:
         | But now that makes you a criminal and gives the government that
         | control over you, should you come into their line of sight.
         | Most likely you get away with it - as long as you otherwise
         | keep your head down and don't make trouble for the rulers.
        
         | zarzavat wrote:
         | The law would actually push people towards freer browser.
         | Browsers made by multinationals like Google, Apple and MS would
         | have to obey, but other browsers could ignore it as long as
         | they don't have a presence in France.
         | 
         | So the law works against the push to DRM, not for it. Oh
         | glorious unintended consequences.
        
           | estebarb wrote:
           | No, it won't. Sadly most people doesn't have that tech
           | expertise. And how you would run an open source browser in a
           | walled garden like iOS or similar?
        
             | pokepim wrote:
             | [dead]
        
             | zarzavat wrote:
             | Don't have the tech expertise to install Firefox? How did
             | they install Chrome in the first place then? People are not
             | stupid they are just lazy, Chrome works fine so they use
             | that. The moment Chrome stops being "fine" they will
             | switch.
        
               | themaninthedark wrote:
               | Firefox is adding functionality to disable extensions on
               | websites.
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36602193
               | 
               | What makes you think that they won't add a global website
               | blocker too?
               | 
               | I say this as someone who uses Firefox. They changed when
               | it stopped being just software developers and became a
               | brand.
        
             | hyperman1 wrote:
             | You're now betting against the teenage sex drive of the
             | whole planet We've seen mod chips in game consoles go from
             | obscure to everyone-knows-someone-to-install-them, and
             | thats with the brakes of cheater branding. Piracy is
             | unstoppable. The pirate bay just won't die, and that's only
             | 1 location and lost its importance long ago.
             | 
             | People will fight to access copyrighted works. Someone will
             | package an access path in an easily accessible way, and
             | hordes of kids will jump on it.
             | 
             | Netflix as easily accessible platform was the only working
             | piracy solution with some chance, and corporate greed broke
             | it.
        
               | charcircuit wrote:
               | >We've seen mod chips in game consoles go from obscure to
               | everyone-knows-someone-to-install-them
               | 
               | To them being no longer relevant as security of consoles
               | increased.
               | 
               | >Piracy is unstoppable
               | 
               | L1 DRM is very expensive to break. As the industry's
               | security gets better and better that price will continue
               | to increase. People who can break L1 DRM will not find it
               | worth it to dump a lot of content or share it with a lot
               | of people because they don't want their key to be
               | blacklisted.
        
               | OfSanguineFire wrote:
               | > You're now betting against the teenage sex drive of the
               | whole planet
               | 
               | Teenagers want porn. The "infringing sites" discussed in
               | the linked article isn't about porn. No one thinks that
               | the French government is going to require that browsers
               | block Pornhub, Reddit's gone-wild subs, or Xvideos.
               | 
               | Your view of hordes of kids keen on pirating is rather
               | dated. Sure, some people still pirate. But due to the
               | rise in streaming and media-as-a-commodity, piracy is no
               | longer even the same marginal cultural force that it was
               | a decade ago.
        
               | hgsgm wrote:
               | Why would no one think that? Here in US we have various
               | legislative efforts to make porn harder to reach.
        
               | Larrikin wrote:
               | There are currently multiple states in the US that
               | require invasive age verification for porn or the site
               | needs to be blocked. Why is it such a leap that they
               | won't just require the sites to be blocked completely to
               | "protect the children"?
        
               | concinds wrote:
               | > No one thinks that the French government is going to
               | require that browsers block Pornhub, Reddit's gone-wild
               | subs, or Xvideos
               | 
               | Very wrong! France is currently deciding whether to ban
               | five porn sites, including Pornhub, Xvideos, and
               | XHamster.[0]
               | 
               | The new law mentioned in TFA has already passed one
               | chamber of parliament unanimously, and will be passed
               | later this year.[1] It won't just require phishing sites
               | to be blocked by browsers. It'll also require porn sites
               | to authenticate users through government websites (think
               | OpenID but with the tax-filing website or national health
               | insurance website, to check if age > 18), and _block_
               | porn sites that don 't comply (without needing a judge's
               | permission).
               | 
               | It doesn't stop there. The new law requires sites that
               | allow "foreign propaganda" (Russia Today, Sputnik) to be
               | blocked. And though it's not directly relevant here, the
               | law also criminalizes "online contempt" and hate speech,
               | which includes "threats and intimidation against elected
               | officials", and gives the government the right to
               | _legally require_ platforms to ban such people, and to
               | legally punish these platforms if the person finds a way
               | to circumvent the ban.[2][3]
               | 
               | Note that the French government can already block pirate
               | sites (and does, including Sci-Hub and Libgen) without a
               | judge's permission.[4] This isn't done in the browser
               | itself, but all the above will be, and there's no doubt
               | that this will be too eventually.
               | 
               | [0]: https://www.20minutes.fr/high-tech/by-the-
               | web/4045390-202307...
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.lemonde.fr/pixels/article/2023/07/06/le-
               | senat-vo...
               | 
               | [2]: https://www.vie-publique.fr/loi/289345-securiser-et-
               | reguler-...
               | 
               | [3]: https://www.20minutes.fr/high-tech/by-the-
               | web/4044754-202307...
               | 
               | [4]: https://www.lefigaro.fr/secteur/high-tech/piratage-
               | sur-inter...
        
               | concinds wrote:
               | By the way, authenticating porn site visitors through
               | government sites will be done through something extremely
               | similar to Apple's Private Access Tokens (Privacy Pass)
               | and Google's recent Web Environment Integrity (WEI)
               | proposal.[0]
               | 
               | [0]: https://broken-by-design.fr/posts/proto-authz-porn/
        
           | hgsgm wrote:
           | If the government mandates MiTM DRM , the next logical step
           | is making non-DRM illegal.
        
           | coldtea wrote:
           | > _but other browsers could ignore it as long as they don't
           | have a presence in France_
           | 
           | As long as the idea it "out there", and a country like France
           | does a test drive, it wont be just in France.
        
       | notPlancha wrote:
       | So is this a counter example to Betteridge's law of headlines
        
       | sneak wrote:
       | The browsers all already have a centralized, real-time censorship
       | registry. It's called "Safe Browsing" and run by Google and is
       | used to block "malicious software". Everyone (incl Safari and
       | Mozilla) uses it. It's got something like five billion clients.
       | 
       | Occasionally, there are false positives and you hear people
       | screaming about it on HN because their personal site is now a
       | giant red malware warning in 99.9% of browsers.
       | 
       | Google AFAIK has not yet been compelled to use it to censor at
       | the behest of the state. It has existed now for many years.
        
       | meindnoch wrote:
       | Please do it, by all means! It's high time we go back to Gopher.
        
       | zarzavat wrote:
       | Ironically at the same time as the Digital Markets Act makes it
       | legal to use third party browsers on the only platform this could
       | affect: iOS. Missed the boat much?
        
       | stainablesteel wrote:
       | sounds like a censorship mechanism
       | 
       | i'm certain that any website "suspected" of breaking the law will
       | go through multiple bureaucratic hurdles where they need to prove
       | their innocence to a committee, as opposed to someone else
       | proving their guilt in a courtroom. in the mean time, sorry, your
       | website is blocked because its election season and we don't want
       | this information getting out right now.
        
         | im3w1l wrote:
         | I'm sorry, but even that is too optimistic. Your website will
         | be banned and they wont tell you why. They will provide an
         | appeal button that says denied when you press it.
        
           | xadhominemx wrote:
           | This is easily achievable already and yet it is not
           | happening. So consider that you are wrong?
        
             | im3w1l wrote:
             | That's because there isn't much legal pressure on browsers
             | to censor. The pattern I described can be seen where there
             | is such pressure.
        
       | slim wrote:
       | of course they will. keyword here is "infringing websites" which
       | means there is such a thing as "illegal information" and that law
       | enforcement must prevent you from accessing that information
        
         | pessimizer wrote:
         | There's absolutely no way that the West could go back to the
         | long ago dark days of "illegal information" way back in [checks
         | watch] _1995._ Of course, in 1995 I could download the
         | Anarchist Cookbook; hell, I could buy it at the bookstore.
         | 
         | I'm starting to suspect that secret police were always focused
         | on illegal information, surveillance, and the prevention of
         | communication between potential conspirators.
        
       | perihelions wrote:
       | - _" There were ways, of course, to get around the SPA and
       | Central Licensing. They were themselves illegal. Dan had had a
       | classmate in software, Frank Martucci, who had obtained an
       | illicit debugging tool, and used it to skip over the copyright
       | monitor code when reading books. But he had told too many friends
       | about it, and one of them turned him in to the SPA for a reward
       | (students deep in debt were easily tempted into betrayal). In
       | 2047, Frank was in prison, not for pirate reading, but for
       | possessing a debugger."_
       | 
       | https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/right-to-read.en.html ( _" The
       | Right to Read"_ (1997))
       | 
       | It was a _very_ short time ago when ideas in this concept-space
       | were, like,  "this is colorfully paranoid nonsense and RMS needs
       | to cut back on the acid", and not, like, "well _obviously_
       | governments are going to do something like this, that 's expected
       | and normal".
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | The entire AI thing has lead to creators going full Right to
         | Read mode recently asking for insane levels of copyright
         | protection, which had they been under, would likely have had
         | issues with their own stories.
         | 
         | Too many people want a locked down future and it's scary.
        
           | Ferret7446 wrote:
           | People will always prioritize their own interests.
           | 
           | "It is difficult to get a man to understand something, when
           | his salary depends on his not understanding it."
           | 
           | This is going to be invective, but creators who feel insecure
           | are naturally going to lash out against anything that they
           | perceive to affect their income and/or reputation/image.
           | 
           | Great creators, great creations benefit from open sharing,
           | per Gabe Newell's well-known quote. There will always be
           | piracy, but that doesn't impact the creator because people
           | who like a work want to support the creator if they can
           | afford to. Fear of piracy comes from insecure creators, and
           | that insecurity comes from the lack of skill or perceived
           | lack of skill.
           | 
           | To put it bluntly, content creation is extremely
           | oversaturated and most people don't create things that
           | justify their price. I wish they could do what they love and
           | not worry about sustaining themselves, but economic reality
           | is economic reality.
        
         | pkkm wrote:
         | "Of all sad words of tongue or pen, the saddest are these:
         | Stallman was right again."
        
       | SergeAx wrote:
       | I am eager to see how they going to enforce these requirements on
       | a locally built fork of Firefox.
        
       | avidiax wrote:
       | I doubt it. It's much easier to make the ISP's block DNS, and
       | perform deep packet inspection. Require domestic TLS to chain to
       | the government's root-CA, so you have to allow government MITM.
       | 
       | Trying to force this in the browser is too difficult technically,
       | and too easy to circumvent.
        
         | ravenstine wrote:
         | Also, corporations and governments should be careful what they
         | wish for, because an iron fist may eventually convince a
         | substantial number of people to either use alternative DNS
         | servers or use Tor and [hopefully] I2P. Possibly not the
         | majority, but enough that any overzealous IP-protection
         | measures on the clearnet will be self-defeating.
        
           | guerrilla wrote:
           | And then they'll ban those. Don't forget that in the end the
           | state has a monopoly on violence.
        
             | zlg_codes wrote:
             | Violence isn't a market, and continuing to parrot that
             | nonsense gives a false credibility to forces which amount
             | to efficient bullies that entrenched themselves by
             | enslaving or genociding native populations. None of us
             | signed actual social contracts, none of us signed forms
             | agreeing to be governed.
             | 
             | Violence is a choice that no government can take away. They
             | can only threaten violence of their own. What validity does
             | a government have when it claims it has the sole right to
             | hurt others, including you? That is a fiction that led to
             | the current state of things.
             | 
             | What right does sovereignty give a state to oppress its
             | people?
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | This is a silly objection. The reason the state has a
               | monopoly on violence is because it _took_ a monopoly on
               | violence, through the application of violence and threats
               | of violence.
               | 
               | > What right does sovereignty give a state to oppress its
               | people?
               | 
               | Rights are given by states. Without states, you don't
               | have rights, only capabilities. Rights come into
               | existence when an alliance with a lot of _capacity_ for
               | violence imposes rules on the people within its reach
               | that it allows itself to be bound by.
               | 
               | Governance is not a contest where you are awarded rule
               | for being the best, or a trial where a wise man gives
               | governance to those who deserve it. Governance doesn't
               | care if you give it "credibility" or what "social
               | contract" you have signed _unless it decides itself_ that
               | it cares about those things. The only credibility that a
               | government needs is your belief that it will unleash
               | violence upon you if you do not do what it says.
               | 
               | You have rights _under_ government. Governments
               | themselves don 't need rights, unless they are
               | subgovernments of more powerful governments that have
               | granted them. Don't retreat into abstractions and
               | fantasy. You can't defeat fascism by proving it wrong;
               | it's not a Star Trek computer.
        
               | zlg_codes wrote:
               | I see where you're coming from, but some governments also
               | recognize "natural" or "God-given" rights, recognizing
               | there are powers higher than they are that grant
               | privileges or capabilities considered _sacred_. Granted,
               | this set of rights will be different shapes and sizes
               | depending on culture, but it 's not so clear-cut that
               | rights do not exist without government. There are moral
               | rights that we can argue via philosophy. The state is
               | truly only necessary to adjudicate conflicts between its
               | subjects and maybe defend them.
               | 
               | I also concede it takes more than an argument to fend off
               | government, but playing along with "monopoly on violence"
               | is so defeatist and pre-loads conversation with a
               | guaranteed end result, when that end is not actually
               | guaranteed. It can be fought.
        
               | guerrilla wrote:
               | > What right does sovereignty give a state to oppress its
               | people?
               | 
               | None, I'm just telling you what will happen. The argument
               | was not that people consented, but that first they'll
               | outlaw circumvention and then hunt you down for
               | continuing to try. The point is that there is no
               | technological solution to oppression. Some people here
               | have a certain naivete that everything can be solved with
               | technology but that view ignores actual power in the
               | actual world.
        
             | almostnormal wrote:
             | > Don't forget that in the end the state has a monopoly on
             | violence.
             | 
             | People have a monopoly on casting votes.
        
             | kibwen wrote:
             | In the case of US users and Tor, the situation is more
             | complicated. The US military encourages Tor use because it
             | helps to mask their own traffic (Tor was developed by the
             | US Navy for this purpose, after all). It's unclear who
             | would prevail in a political struggle between the copyright
             | cartels and the military.
        
               | vinceguidry wrote:
               | Yep, at the end of the day what prevents tyranny from
               | taking over everywhere is the fact that the ruling class
               | has to live in the same world and use the same economy as
               | everyone else. You see this dynamic up and down the
               | government. Big business needs to be able to access
               | machines that don't have all this locked-down crap. I'm
               | not super-worried about the copyright lobby's fervent
               | wish to make it impossible to use a general purpose
               | machine. They're going to eventually run right up against
               | corporate America's full-throated embrace of open source.
               | 
               | Sure, ordinary people already are heavily spied on and
               | restricted. But the machines doing the spying and
               | restricting have to run their own OSes as well. The
               | inverse of the 'who watches the watchers' problem.
        
             | hattmall wrote:
             | With 20,000+ non-statw homicides in the US last year it's
             | hardly a monopoly.
        
               | Kamq wrote:
               | Yeah, they misquoted the original phrase.
               | 
               | It's supposed to be monopoly on _legitimate_ violence.
               | 
               | Which is why organized crime and vigilantism are
               | generally so much higher up on a government's priority
               | list than single acts of violence. They represent
               | legitimate threats to the government.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | They represent subgovernments. All governments are
               | overgrown street gangs. Royalty in Europe are the
               | descendants of Roman generals who divided up the land
               | between them after Rome fell.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | I think that's optimistic, China etc also crack down on VPN's
           | and related technology. You can also subtly discourage such
           | things. Add a few random lag spikes to all encrypted traffic
           | and see how people respond.
        
         | vbezhenar wrote:
         | When Kazakhstan tried to MITM with untrusted certificate,
         | Google quickly blacklisted this certificate. Hopefully it'll do
         | the same for any other government or company, so nobody would
         | even think of it.
        
           | paganel wrote:
           | > Hopefully it'll do the same for any other government or
           | company, so nobody would even think of it.
           | 
           | The security services in my country, Romania (an EU and NATO
           | member), are already doing that, or something similar to
           | that. For example trying to access https://sputnikglobe.com/
           | sort of times out, either way, it doesn't work.
        
             | 8organicbits wrote:
             | Looks normal to me: https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze
             | .html?d=sputnikglobe....
             | 
             | Can you clarify what you mean?
        
               | paganel wrote:
               | That website (and others like it) is blocked in my
               | country based on a political decision. Interesting that
               | the guys from the Romanian secret services aren't doing
               | that by messing with security certificates, but the
               | website is blocked nonetheless.
        
             | computerfriend wrote:
             | Sounds like they're sniffing the SNI header and blocking
             | based on its value. Completely unrelated to the Kazakhstan
             | root CA fiasco.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | sleevi wrote:
           | The EU is currently proposing to mandate the inclusion of
           | roots that have been government approved, and to limit
           | browsers from removing/distrusting them without
           | notice/approval.
           | 
           | https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2022/12/eidas-20-sets-
           | dangerou...
        
           | leesalminen wrote:
           | They could do that because Kazakhstan doesn't make them much,
           | if any, money. This amounted to cheap good will marketing.
           | 
           | If this were the EU or US, and Google risked losing access to
           | that market, they would comply. Way too much money on the
           | table.
        
             | anon84873628 wrote:
             | Google wouldn't comply before first lobbying heavily
             | against it both in government and among their users. The
             | proposed laws would quickly become a major topic of public
             | discourse.
        
               | callalex wrote:
               | Remember how that went for net neutrality? It's
               | apparently very easy to get many members of the public to
               | argue against their own interests these days.
        
               | Vespasian wrote:
               | As with other laws ther lobbying position is pretty weak
               | in the EU. They (and other US based big tech) lost the
               | last few rounds of the regulation / lobby game.
               | 
               | They don't employ (many) people here, don't pay a lot of
               | taxes and generally don't do much cooperating on their
               | own.
               | 
               | They can offer literal briefcases of money to politicians
               | but, in General, that is not the way the EU works.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | hotdogscout wrote:
             | Or China. https://youtu.be/hhMAt3BluAU
        
             | mdekkers wrote:
             | *China has entered the chat
        
         | NoZebra120vClip wrote:
         | The browser _already_ has built-in controls to prevent the user
         | from visiting  "dangerous" sites, and to say that "browser or
         | DNS or SPI" is mutually exclusive is to ignore the Defense in
         | Depth strategy of using all methods in concert, to ensure that
         | at least one will catch the bad requests.
         | 
         | In Chrome, it's called "Safe Browsing", and it's currently
         | optional, Standard, or Enhanced.
        
       | Kapura wrote:
       | Feels like this would be akin to requiring a car manufacturer
       | stop the car if it detects you trespassing. Feels both intrusive
       | & difficult to enforce, which is always a horrifying combo.
        
         | NoZebra120vClip wrote:
         | e-Scooters and eBikes are already geofenced in this way. For
         | example, speed limited to 5mph if you're in the wrong place
         | (happened to me on a 35mph road) or they'll stop altogether if
         | you enter a college campus, or attempt to leave the service
         | area.
        
           | kortilla wrote:
           | Rentals yeah, but not the ones you own.
        
             | warkdarrior wrote:
             | You don't own software, not even open source software. You
             | just license it.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | Nah, you own free software. The problem is that you don't
               | own the bike if they don't let you swap out and edit the
               | software at will. If somebody sells you a safe but
               | doesn't allow you to open it, they haven't sold you a
               | safe, they've let you hold theirs.
        
               | NoZebra120vClip wrote:
               | https://xkcd.com/1150/
        
       | jdjdjdhhd wrote:
       | Hopefully no... But seeing government actions I would say yes...
       | Fuck the way the web is going
        
       | mkoryak wrote:
       | Is wget and curl next? Seems like a really flawed approach.
        
         | GuB-42 wrote:
         | Wget and curl mostly likely don't count. Browsers are
         | explicitly defined as applications for end-users, which wget
         | and curl are typically not.
         | 
         | The idea here is to make it harder for the public to access
         | banned websites. Tech savvy people will be able to recompile
         | their browser from source anyways, just like they can easily
         | work around DNS-based blocking and pretty much every blocking
         | attempt, even the "great firewall".
         | 
         | It is mostly a punishment for services that don't comply with
         | the rest of the law. By blocking it in the majority of
         | browsers, it will drive away a lot of traffic.
         | 
         | Anyways, I don't expect that part of the law to pass, and if it
         | does, it will be very unlikely to be enforced, France is a
         | major economy, but I don't think it has the international power
         | to do that, call me back when the entire EU or the US is on it.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | > Browsers are explicitly defined as applications for end-
           | users, which wget and curl are typically not.
           | 
           | By no coherent definition, though. Just by professional
           | convention.
        
             | GuB-42 wrote:
             | wget and curl give out html files, these are useless to the
             | end user unless they are opened with other software,
             | typically a browser.
             | 
             | I don't know of any online service that expects end users
             | to use something like wget and curl, maybe in niche cases,
             | or for personal use, but I don't think it can be considered
             | a primary use case for these software.
        
       | maerF0x0 wrote:
       | The absurd thing about this is that a browser is just a single
       | kind of IP client. If you want to stop that content you have to
       | actually stop IP connections to the host IP address(es), and to
       | all non-compliant IP addresses (vpn / tor servers) .
       | 
       | It'd make more sense to have the ISP do it, as they actually
       | could have a meaningful effect on what you can / cannot connect
       | to.
        
       | xyzzy4747 wrote:
       | This law would inadvertently be a good thing for the open source
       | movement.
        
       | tuetuopay wrote:
       | While I'm proud my country has made it to the HN frontpage, I'm
       | ashamed that it's always for the wrong reasons :(
       | 
       | Of course this law will pass, like all the authoritarian bullshit
       | other laws that did the past few years. Remember the one about
       | the government legally using your phone's camera and mic? This
       | was mere months ago.
        
       | rdl wrote:
       | This would cross a line in the US where there would be 1A
       | challenges, although there have been other stupid things accepted
       | which are even more obviously unconstitutional. If they do this,
       | I hope they do it on a very broad basis so the vast majority of
       | people evade and it feels "normal", followed by legal, electoral,
       | or other action to address the underlying problem.
        
         | Nifty3929 wrote:
         | Usually corporations are used to side-step 1A protections,
         | because corporations are not subject to the 1A. Corporations
         | were routinely "encouraged" to censor information throughout
         | the last election and covid, at least. It was likely going on
         | before that, and continues today.
        
           | MarkPNeyer wrote:
           | Vivek Ramaswamy argues that these actions are still first
           | amendment violations because the government pushed
           | corporations to do this, under something called "state action
           | in private enterprise."
        
       | m-p-3 wrote:
       | Laws are only as strong as the enforcement can be.
       | 
       | For commercial entities the government can go for financial or
       | operational penalties to encourage compliance, at least if they
       | operate commercially in the country in question.
       | 
       | But for open-source web browsers, which might not have any
       | commercial entities operating in the country, how could they even
       | enforce that law?
       | 
       | There's nobody to punish, nobody to coerce.
        
         | donmcronald wrote:
         | > But for open-source web browsers, which might not have any
         | commercial entities operating in the country, how could they
         | even enforce that law?
         | 
         | They'll put something like a WEI token outside of the encrypted
         | payload and force ISPs to refuse transit for anything that's
         | not attested by the "good guys".
        
           | the8472 wrote:
           | Much simpler: They'll make WEI-verification mandatory for all
           | government sites. And then banking. And then anyone doing
           | commerce.
        
           | chopin wrote:
           | Which encrypted payload?
        
             | donmcronald wrote:
             | Web traffic (https). Think of an "anonymized" attestation
             | token in the same place as SNI.
        
       | dsign wrote:
       | I've been writing some science fiction that interpolates where
       | things are going with the Internet and online surveillance (ala
       | 1984 v2), but reality always trumps fantasy; this one hadn't
       | occurred to me.
        
       | harha wrote:
       | That's pretty bad - I don't think it's a good government pattern
       | to move policing to corporations or the population. It messes
       | quite badly with established principles such as innocent until
       | proven guilty because corporations or individuals won't want to
       | face the risk and it's also inefficient for each entity to figure
       | out a process (and implement that badly).
        
         | version_five wrote:
         | See all the covid BS
        
           | harha wrote:
           | that and KYC
        
           | croes wrote:
           | Which one?
        
             | lampshades wrote:
             | I'm assuming he's referring to the constant attempts at
             | suppression of information.
        
               | croes wrote:
               | Much of this information was also BS.
               | 
               | The vaccinated are still pretty much alive and didn't die
               | because of AIDS
        
               | cscurmudgeon wrote:
               | 1. That is not the point. Truly liberal and progressive
               | societies should tolerate and be immune to disinformation
               | without censorship.
               | 
               | 2. What is known to be false now may be true later (and
               | vice-versa). No matter how big the govt. or a company
               | gets, it won't be omniscient.
               | 
               | 3. Remember the well documented flip flop about masks. At
               | one point, CDC/Fauci were the ones spreading
               | disinformation. During the flip-flop, real information
               | was censored. Also, the lab leak theory was initially
               | ruled out to be 100% impossible and heavily censored, now
               | the same folks are saying that it might have been
               | possible.
        
               | yodawgz wrote:
               | [dead]
        
               | cscurmudgeon wrote:
               | Since the sibling comment has been flagged dead, I find
               | it absolutely hilarious that the commenter who says "we
               | should all touch grass" created a new account to just
               | reply to this comment while sitting in a public park.
               | Apparently, touching grass is not enough for them.
               | 
               | > What's really happening is a bunch of armchair
               | philosophers are engaged in prosaic armchair philosophy
               | about how much of a police state the world is Meanwhile
               | here I am at a public park launching Estes powered
               | rockets You all should go touch grass. Sedentary exercise
               | or language faculties is not healthy
        
         | vegetablepotpie wrote:
         | It's about _convenience_ for the government. To take a site
         | down by other means requires contacting ISPs to not route
         | packets from an IP address or contact the site owner with legal
         | action. This requires labor on the governments part.
         | 
         | Consequently there are a lot of gaps in this approach. For
         | example, wahapedia is a mirror for Warhammer 40k rules. Games
         | Workshop, the rule book authors, would be happy for the site to
         | be inaccessible, but since the site is hosted in Russia, and
         | they don't respect western IP laws, it continues to stay up.
         | 
         | The less the government has to do, the lower your taxes in
         | theory. Exporting government functions to private institutions
         | is very common. For example, many legal agreements have forced
         | arbitration clauses. It is perfectly acceptable for two
         | consenting parties to agree to alternative dispute resolutions
         | outside of court. Except one of those parties (the customer)
         | has no ability to influence the wording of the contract and all
         | vendors have the same arbitration clauses. Consumers pay for it
         | in the form of lower value and higher prices.
         | 
         | Many municipalities require new construction to have homeowners
         | associations. They don't want to have to deal with all the
         | resident disagreements. These HOAs charge a fee to residents
         | for the upkeep of the services in the community (like a
         | government), and have legal means to enforce transgressions
         | such as foreclosure on your home (like a government). But there
         | is also another government over it, they still charge you
         | property taxes (which ostensibly pays for those services) and
         | those taxes haven't gone down.
         | 
         | So yes, not only is moving government functions to private
         | entities inefficient, and there's plenty of examples of to back
         | it up, it just shifts responsibility around and ultimately
         | costs regular people more.
        
         | coldtea wrote:
         | That train has long left the station. The modern state has
         | outsourced all kinds of policing, surveillance, propaganda, and
         | other functions to corporations.
        
         | hgsgm wrote:
         | That principle is about imprisonment.
         | 
         | We have laws about driving properly, not because drivers are
         | guilty of crimes.
         | 
         | "Chilling effects" is a better argument.
         | 
         | Infringing sites are already illegal, so blocking them is in
         | realm of government purview. The objections are not about
         | blocking these sites; they are about the ancillary risks of
         | creating an abusable power.
        
       | _trampeltier wrote:
       | So a list with all blocked sites is distributed to all browsers.
       | Sounds like a good idea.
        
       | forinti wrote:
       | It does not make sense: you would need region-locked browsers.
       | That's already an impossible target. But then how would you deal
       | with people just using proxies, VPNs, ssh tunnels?
       | 
       | It would just be easier for a government to block these sites at
       | the ISPs as the article mentions and even that could be
       | circumvented if the site is in another country.
        
       | pmarreck wrote:
       | A wonderful idea if we could always know that the government was
       | always a good actor acting in good faith.
       | 
       | Since that is impossible, this is not a wonderful idea.
        
         | petermcneeley wrote:
         | Are banned books good ideas? Maybe the ring of power is in of
         | itself a bad thing.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | You can ban books and censor websites however you want as
           | long as you are a good person acting in good faith i.e. me.
        
       | brudgers wrote:
       | Passing a law would be too much work.
       | 
       | Easier to just get it adopted as a W3C standard as with past DRM
       | lockdowns.
       | 
       | That way all the browser manufacturers are just following orders.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encrypted_Media_Extensions
        
         | zlg_codes wrote:
         | This is precisely why I turn a skeptical eye to any standards
         | efforts. Just like with law, if you control the spec, you
         | control the ecosystem.
        
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