[HN Gopher] LK-99 is an online sensation - but replication effor...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       LK-99 is an online sensation - but replication efforts fall short
        
       Author : mfiguiere
       Score  : 190 points
       Date   : 2023-08-04 16:02 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nature.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nature.com)
        
       | golol wrote:
       | Reads like a T-online article lol
        
       | 1970-01-01 wrote:
       | The gestalt of LK-99 is ironic. It is both a sensation and
       | (hopefully) an almost magical rock, and still "None of the
       | studies provide direct evidence for any superconductivity in the
       | material."
        
       | ummonk wrote:
       | This seems like a rather bad faith article. While there are
       | certainly people overhyping LK-99 (and prediction markets seem to
       | have a higher chance of success than one would expect), the
       | general sentiment about the material I find online is that it's
       | probably the cold fusion of our time. The hype is because of the
       | potential groundbreaking results, and the fact that the material
       | is unusual even if, as is most likely, it turns out not to be a
       | room temperature superconductor.
       | 
       | As for the videos, are the people posting these joke videos
       | trying to imply that the videos we're seeing of partial
       | levitation (including one put out by an actual Chinese lab) are
       | fake? One can point out that the videos are likely merely
       | evidence of really good diamagnetism without pretending they're
       | hoaxes.
        
       | dragonwriter wrote:
       | LK-99, as a social phenomenon, is looking a lot like cold fusion
       | with the added energy of social media.
        
         | golol wrote:
         | People are just having fun entertaining the very real possible
         | and "believing". What's wrong with that? It is more interesting
         | to just go ahead and say that they are 100% sure LK-99 is real
         | whent here are no stakes. Having differentiated and uncertain
         | opinions all the time gets boring.
        
       | 2bitencryption wrote:
       | What's even more interesting than the mysteries properties of
       | LK-99 is the kind of response it's brought out. You even see it
       | right here in HN.
       | 
       | Have you ever seen a Youtube video about someone reviewing a
       | Tesla or comparing it to another car? The comments are always
       | full of hostile and vitriolic remarks by people who are
       | _personally offended_ if the video suggests the cup holders on a
       | Model 3 are less than perfection. For some reason, Tesla is
       | surrounded by a cult of personality where it 's not just a car,
       | it's a _lifestyle_.
       | 
       | And bizarrely, something similar is happening with this funny
       | floating rocks. Here we are, on HN, and people in this very
       | thread are calling Nature ( _Nature!_ ) an "online sensational
       | clickbait magazine" because they want to believe the hype that
       | the rock has properties that they only learned about from
       | Wikipedia a few days prior (and only understood 5% of it, at
       | that)
       | 
       | Is there reason to be excited? Hell yeah. Are all the different
       | replication attempts super fascinating? Hell yeah. Could it be
       | the real deal? It could!
       | 
       | But this has become some weird spectator sport, where you're
       | either a believer or a skeptic, and if you're on a different side
       | than I am then _screw you_ , even if you are Nature.
        
         | aydyn wrote:
         | > For some reason, Tesla is surrounded by a cult of personality
         | where it's not just a car, it's a lifestyle.
         | 
         | You'd be remiss not to mention the much more virulent cult of
         | anti-personality surrounding Tesla.
        
         | Osmium wrote:
         | > calling Nature (Nature!) an "online sensational clickbait
         | magazine"
         | 
         | Not far from the truth, talking as someone who is in the field.
         | Unlike Science, which is published by AAAS, a non-profit,
         | Nature is a for-profit publication. They have an incentive not
         | to miss out on something huge so that they can retain their
         | status as the place to go for big results, but this also means
         | they have an incentive towards selecting more sensational
         | research for publication. That doesn't mean that research
         | published in Nature is bad--often it is excellent--and I'm sure
         | their editorial staff sincerely try their best, but they often
         | make quite bizarre editorial decisions (personal opinion).
         | 
         | That said, Nature attracts far more scrutiny than other
         | journals because of their ability to make and break careers, so
         | many people feel resentment towards them as a result. Not all
         | criticism of Nature is entirely fair.
         | 
         | No comment on this particular story :)
        
           | dclowd9901 wrote:
           | > but they often make quite bizarre editorial decisions
           | (personal opinion).
           | 
           | Off-topic, but if this opinion you wrote wasn't yours, then
           | who else's opinion were we to assume it would have been?
        
           | alpineidyll3 wrote:
           | ... I once had someone in publishing try to offer me nature
           | acceptance in exchange for ... things. The outsized role of
           | these journals in the scientific community when reviews could
           | be done in the open is pretty messed up.
        
           | LordDragonfang wrote:
           | Yeah, I was going to say. I've seen so many (usually
           | legitimate) criticisms aimed at Nature dot com in the past
           | year alone that I saw the domain immediately disregarded the
           | possibility that this should affect my opinions one way or
           | the other.
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | >> calling Nature (Nature!) an "online sensational clickbait
           | magazine"
           | 
           | > Not far from the truth
           | 
           | It's very far from the truth; nothing is perfect, but Nature
           | isn't some SEO clickbait. This subthread shows that the
           | reactionary takedowns of everything now even are taking down
           | Nature, of course. They've already discredited much of
           | science, and have a lot of blood on their hands (climate
           | change and vaccines stand out).
        
           | lyapunova wrote:
           | I hate to say it, but I agree. Nature has outlived its
           | "legit" branding by leaning too hard into the "product"
           | realm. Most scientists don't want their fundamental work to
           | be sold as a product unless it is a precursor to
           | commercialization of their work. At that point, it becomes
           | advertising rather than science.
           | 
           | When I see Nature pubs, I tend to enjoy the aesthetics of the
           | articles, but discount them a bit to account for the
           | mainstream-ness.
        
           | dmarchand90 wrote:
           | The important thing to understand is that only the scientific
           | publications in Nature matter. These articles are written by
           | world-class scientists and are taken very seriously. In
           | contrast, the journalism section is akin to any random
           | newspaper. It is generally written by standard journalists
           | and is intended for a mass audience.
        
             | MPSimmons wrote:
             | >It is generally written by standard journalists
             | 
             | It may be, I don't know. This particular journalist has an
             | undergraduate degree in Physics from Columbia -
             | https://dangaristo.com/about/
             | 
             | That's not exactly subject-matter expertise, but it's also
             | not a standard journalist.
        
               | ecshafer wrote:
               | While an undergraduate degree in physics puts them above
               | the average person, it's probably only slightly. The
               | majority of undergraduate physics degrees do not touch on
               | solid state physics or material sciences to this degree.
               | It would be at best a single elective course. And even
               | then in physics and the sciences the area of focus gets
               | so specific I would be hesitant to trust even a graduate
               | degree holder unless they went into that field.
        
               | throwawaymaths wrote:
               | Expertise aside I would argue that an undergraduate
               | degree from a prestigious institution that pivoted to
               | journalism is _worse_ in this era. They have been
               | tokenized and given lots of unearned reputation from
               | their credentials, which biases them to provide the
               | rosiest narrative (which is what the science industrial
               | complex wants), without the years of grinding work or
               | cynicism from management of rocky rapids of fraud and
               | overrepresenting work that at least a grad student had to
               | deal with.
               | 
               | That said, I actually believe lk-99 (let's be clear this
               | is a belief, if strongly held) based on my personal
               | experiences with scientific shenanigans.
        
               | aydyn wrote:
               | That should be the absolute bare minimum expertise for a
               | journalist to report on a technical matter.
        
             | wolverine876 wrote:
             | > intended for a mass audience
             | 
             | Nature markets it to a mass audience? A mass audience reads
             | Nature?
        
             | hilbert42 wrote:
             | Even if the hype over LK-99 comes to nothing it became
             | evident to me several days ago that this research has
             | likely changed scientific publishing permanently--and I'd
             | almost bet on the fact if the research is confirmed.
             | 
             | What made this a such a huge tech event with the world
             | watching on was that the research was on a subject that has
             | captured the imagination of both scientists and the lay
             | public for many decades _and_ that it was posted on
             | arxiv.org website which is open and copyright-free,
             | similarly, we witnessed peer review processes also
             | occurring out in the open and in public for all to see--and
             | essentially in real time! Contrast this with the
             | traditional tech journal process, _Nature, Science, IEEE
             | Proceedings, The Lancet,_ etc. which takes months to
             | publish, and is a closed process not to mention papers
             | being the whim of editors who often reject them (and
             | sometimes very significant ones at that).
             | 
             | Irrespective of whatever outcome eventuates, the contrast
             | between traditional, slow and now-very-expensive scientific
             | publishing with that of this speedy, exciting, open and
             | participatory model that's copyright-free will be obvious
             | to everyone.
             | 
             | Moreover, this is happening at a time when the traditional
             | for-profit scientific publishing has come under enormous
             | criticism with Elsevier and others milking the university
             | and scientific establishments to breaking point and the
             | rise of Sci-Hub as a countermeasure. Whilst academics have
             | been aware of the problem for quite some time the general
             | public has not. This research and how it played out on
             | arxiv.org in just two weeks won't be forgotten easily.
             | 
             | If I were a director of Elsevier and after witnessing
             | what's happened in less than two weeks I'd be damn worried.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | This puts Nature's position here as on display in TFA
               | (they don't have to publish everything that is sent in)
               | in a different light. There might be an element of sour
               | grapes here, and if the research is validated then it
               | will have a huge impact on them.
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | This isn't "Nature's position". This is a freelance
               | science writer's position, and they paid him for the
               | article. Nature wouldn't even weigh in with a real
               | editorial opinion at this point.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | It is their name on the masthead. If they don't agree
               | with it they shouldn't publish it. Doing this 'at arms
               | length' allows them to have this under their banner while
               | at the same time being able to say 'that wasn't us'.
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | This is standard practice in journalism which is widely
               | used.
               | 
               | If you weren't so involved in the field, would you even
               | care?
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Yes, I care. I've been a subscriber since the 80's,
               | Nature, SA and the Lancet. I don't think any of them
               | should pull a 'Ted-X'.
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | I went through and reread the whole news article.
               | 
               | There's nothing wrong with this article. I really don't
               | see what you have to complain about. It's broadly
               | factual, and roughly consistent with the mainstream
               | opinion at this point: there is no smoking gun evidence
               | of anything, and the noise being generated by social
               | amateurs is making it hard to find the real signal from
               | the small number of groups competent enough to make
               | useful statements about this "discovery".
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Yes, and it serves no purpose other than to get Nature in
               | the position where they can hedge their bets based on
               | rejecting the article earlier and publishing this now
               | just in case it eventually does work out. It's content
               | free from Nature's audience perspective, nobody reading
               | it will think 'hey wow, this is news to me', if they've
               | been at all interested. So it must serve some other
               | purpose because Nature doesn't just publish anything. I
               | was wondering earlier why they would publish it and I
               | think it isn't too farfetched to see this as a deliberate
               | strategy to protect their interests. It's going to be
               | interesting what happens on both sides of the fork: what
               | they will do if after say 3 months there still isn't any
               | very clear replication and when there is. For both of
               | those they have positioned themselves well.
               | 
               | What irks me about it is that it's been all of a week and
               | yet Nature is already deprecating it _because the
               | replication efforts fall short_. It would seem to me to
               | be a little bit early for that, what did they expect? And
               | sure, we can argue over whether it was nature or the
               | writer that is the root cause here but someone with
               | editorial control at Nature must have felt it was good
               | enough to include, even though it is just premature meta
               | commentary, not science news.
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | Nature doesn't need to hedge its position.
               | 
               | The article doesn't deprecate LK-99. The article is about
               | the hype surrounding the announcement and its replication
               | results, mainly, but not exclusively by, amateurs in
               | other fields (who seem to have shown that they can make
               | samples that have unconventional properties, but not
               | necessarily superconducting).
               | 
               | It's worth reading about a previous social media science
               | debacle, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faster-than-
               | light_neutrino_ano... where the observations of neutrinos
               | being faster than light was eventually debugged to some
               | simple hardware errors and naive analysis.
               | 
               | "After the initial report of apparent superluminal
               | velocities of neutrinos, most physicists in the field
               | were quietly skeptical of the results, but prepared to
               | adopt a wait-and-see approach. Experimental experts were
               | aware of the complexity and difficulty of the
               | measurement, so an extra unrecognized measurement error
               | was still a real possibility, despite the care taken by
               | the OPERA team"
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | No, but they _also_ don 't need to try to catch some of
               | the hype while pretending to be immune to that hype.
               | Clearly they feel the need to put LK-99 in at least one
               | article title even if there is no news. That's not their
               | normal standard for articles, at least not as far as I'm
               | aware.
               | 
               | I'm aware of quite a few other scientific debacles, some
               | involving outright fraud, data fabrication and sometimes
               | true believers that even convinced themselves. What is
               | interesting about the Ranga Diaz episode is that it was
               | Nature that published it:
               | 
               | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2801-z
               | 
               | So their stance right now is understandable but also a
               | bit self serving.
        
         | cubefox wrote:
         | That's an article by the News division of Nature, not a
         | research article. The latter is what Nature is famous for, not
         | the former.
        
         | orbital-decay wrote:
         | _> people in this very thread are calling Nature (Nature!) an
         | "online sensational clickbait magazine" because they want to
         | believe the hype_
         | 
         | This article is not in Nature the academic journal. This is an
         | opinion published in the news section of nature.com the
         | website. Two entirely unrelated things.
         | 
         | (I don't have a horse in this race)
        
         | s1artibartfast wrote:
         | LK-99 sensationalism and especially online sensationalism is an
         | excellent example of everything that's bad about rapid
         | communication and the attention economy. A huge number of
         | people suddenly feel a need to have a hot take opinion on
         | cutting edge superconductor research, apparently including
         | nature authors. There's a false sense of urgency around trying
         | to understand a possible discovery that even if true, wouldn't
         | impact anyone's life for many years, and will probably never be
         | relevant to an actual decision they have to make.
         | 
         | Things will pan out or they won't. What's the rush to form an
         | opinion and hop on a hype bandwagon. I'm probably just a
         | curmudgeon, but the whole thing seems to be more about social
         | signaling than anything else.
         | 
         | Maybe I find it so distasteful because I think the hype and
         | jumping to conclusions is antithetical to real science and
         | understanding.
        
           | polishdude20 wrote:
           | So in regular one on one in person conversation, you can show
           | your "presence" by uttering a simple "mmhmm" or "yeah" or "I
           | understand" when someone is telling you something above your
           | expertise. Humans like to be heard even if it's just an
           | utterance. There's nothing like this online though. Imagine
           | if we allowed posts on hackernews where you just say "cool"
           | or "mmhmm". It adds no value to the conversation. So rather
           | than being quiet and being silent or adding no perceived
           | value to the convo, we come up with misguided opinions
           | because "at least someone needs to hear me" is a thought that
           | goes through our minds.
           | 
           | I mean heck, I could have not written this post.
        
             | mepian wrote:
             | I thought that's what the upvotes are for.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Upvotes are for what you consider interesting or added
               | value.
        
               | fardo wrote:
               | That seems to be their theoretical use, much like the
               | downvote is theoretically supposed to be their inverse.
               | 
               | In practice though, it seems that the users of most
               | online communities seem to treat them as an "agree or
               | disagree" button, with dissenting opinions typically
               | being either forced out of a thread or languishing due to
               | the upvote-downvote tug of war generally suppressing a
               | comment's rankings.
        
             | abracadaniel wrote:
             | This is a more articulate description of something I've
             | been thinking of for a while. Tweets, and maybe just
             | internet comments in general, are like a stream of
             | consciousness momentary thought response. Rarely is it a
             | fully formed opinion, but instead it's an instantaneous
             | opinion that might have left as quickly as it came. Someone
             | insults my cup holders, and I kind of like my car, the cup
             | holders are fine, but for an instant I feel slighted. Then
             | I see they have so many upvotes, and their wrong opinion is
             | being spread. Now it's my duty to inform the world of the
             | quality of these cup holders, and defend my honor. They
             | can't just be wrong, they have to be completely wrong, so
             | out comes the exaggerated response. And then, as quickly as
             | it came on, it's forgotten, and I don't even notice the
             | next time I use the cup holders that they are kinda shit.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | That's common, but it's also an artifact of how few
               | topics people are experts in.
               | 
               | The chances of two people on HN happening to both be
               | experts in superconductors or even condensed matter
               | physics / automotive design / ... is higher than normal.
               | But there's a rapid drop off in expertise so most people
               | commenting don't really understand the specifics.
               | 
               | So, rather than people arguing about the tradeoffs of cup
               | holder placement and material choices etc it just
               | devolves into "Ug like tribe! Things good! Back off!"
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | With Tesla it seems to revolve around who has Tesla
               | stock, who drives one, who doesn't and who doesn't have
               | Tesla stock and then finally there is your personal
               | attitude towards Elon Musk. That gives you an eight way
               | fight with every faction behaving utterly predictable. I
               | suggest we enumerate the factions and add them to our
               | bios that way we can at least discount that factor.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | s1artibartfast wrote:
             | I think this is a really good analogy for exploring my
             | emotions on the topic.
             | 
             | There are people who make utterances because they want to
             | show they are paying attention, and there are people who
             | make them because they cant stand not being heard. To me,
             | the latter is more distatsefull than the former.
             | 
             | I think it is gross that in the attention economy, the
             | drive for existential validation is reduced to posting
             | "cool" to be seen, and clicking an upvote feels like being
             | part of a conversation. In some sense they are, but it just
             | a very streched and hollow manifestation of human
             | interaction and participation.
             | 
             | My likely arrogant and possibly hyprocirtical conceit that
             | I think what I post into the void is more interesting and
             | substantial than "cool". Still, that doesnt change my
             | feeling on the subject.
        
           | j_maffe wrote:
           | I don't know why but this comment sort of unveiled to me how
           | much useless hype I had for this topic. Of course you're
           | right, it's just so easy to indeed get this sense of urgency,
           | even though it's not really a good use of time (even for
           | entertainment).
        
           | majani wrote:
           | This is just people understandably getting excited about a
           | huge discovery. What type of people would we be if such
           | moments didn't get us going?
        
           | Gibbon1 wrote:
           | > wouldn't impact anyone's life for many years
           | 
           | Might not impact it hardly at all.
        
           | mpsprd wrote:
           | Something exciting is happening, of course people want be
           | informed as it evolves.
           | 
           | A similar example are election nights. People already voted,
           | the result is in the box, we could simply wait and announce
           | the result.
           | 
           | But seeing the numbers rise like an ongoing fight is going on
           | makes for a more entertaining evening!
        
             | s1artibartfast wrote:
             | I think politics would be a lot better if people treated it
             | less as a source of emotional engagement or as a spectator
             | sport.
             | 
             | Don't get me wrong, I'm for fun, excitement, and curiosity.
             | 
             | What turns me off is that once the shallow well of real
             | information depleted, how quickly people switch to
             | speculation, Hype, and attention seeking
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | You essentially want people to stop being people. We are
               | for want of a better term meme machines and we pass on
               | information that we find interesting, gives us hope or
               | makes us feel better and we avoid the opposite because it
               | eventually makes us feel worse.
        
               | j_maffe wrote:
               | Yes but we can try to be selective about what we treat as
               | a meme. People have that ability, although it is
               | diminishing with the speed of communication these day.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | That is a very interesting observation. I've always
               | likened it to the diminishing _cost_ of communication but
               | your insight may well be the better one.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | j_maffe took the words out of my mouth.
               | 
               | I would also say that in addition to diminishing cost and
               | discretion, there are changing incentives/rewards
               | structures with online communication.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | _Maybe_. I think the point is valid but in the
               | traditional media there is plenty of ways in which the
               | incentives and rewards lead to pathological behavior,
               | especially with TV but also with some forms of print.
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | It's sad that the current assumption is that we have no
               | power to change ourselves or our world. We're not
               | machines, we are human beings, agents; we control what we
               | do.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Collectively we have a lot of power, individually much
               | less.
        
           | zackees wrote:
           | [flagged]
        
           | moolcool wrote:
           | > Things will pan out or they won't. What's the rush to form
           | an opinion and hop on a hype bandwagon
           | 
           | Because it's fun and exciting watching smart people from
           | around the world collaborate/compete around an interesting
           | and world-changing idea. It's cool and good that many people
           | are invested and interested in science and technology.
        
             | lamontcg wrote:
             | The really smart people so far aren't barely saying
             | anything about it.
             | 
             | The people who have spent all their lives researching
             | superconductors have yet to weigh in on this at all.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | > The really smart people so far aren't barely saying
               | anything about it.
               | 
               | Publicly. But they are saying stuff and it isn't all
               | negative but very, very carefully hedged and qualified.
        
           | macinjosh wrote:
           | OK, well the rest of us still have opinions and emotions and
           | like to share them with other people, never mind your
           | distaste. But thanks for sharing!
        
           | kmac_ wrote:
           | Sensationalism? No way, LK-99 will be part of the EmDrive! /s
        
         | pickingdinner wrote:
         | Nah, LK99 is still more interesting.
         | 
         | There are always 3 sides. The 2 sides, plus the side making
         | observations about the sides.
         | 
         | Social media / internet environment just makes it so for
         | everything. Over it.
        
         | mpsprd wrote:
         | Any pessimistic/cautious take on a subject bringing excitement
         | and hope for the future is going to be criticized because
         | people _want_ it to be true. This is just confirmation bias at
         | play.
         | 
         | Considering the hype, I actually find HN comments relatively
         | cautious and patient, this is a pseudonymous internet forum
         | after all.
        
         | screye wrote:
         | > calling Nature (Nature!) an "online sensational clickbait
         | magazine"
         | 
         | To be fair, Nature is considered a fairly 'sensational
         | magazine' in the Computer Science world.
        
         | valianteffort wrote:
         | I think people are more annoyed than anything. No one really
         | knows where this is going, signs are promising yet the number
         | of obnoxious contrarians who are quick to dismiss the potential
         | is high. They are far worse than people who really want to
         | believe it's real.
        
         | rvcdbn wrote:
         | That's a super interesting point. I feel like it's getting at
         | some deep personality trait around optimism/pessimism (or
         | realism as the pessimists would say ;) so perhaps it's not
         | surprising that it's so divisive.
        
         | spaceman_2020 wrote:
         | I think part of the cult-like fascination people have with LK99
         | is the story behind it: two no-name scientists rejected by
         | mainstream academia (one of them denied tenure) working away in
         | the basement of some random building doggedly pursue an idea
         | and pull off a miracle.
         | 
         | It ties into the anti-mainstream, anti-institution sentiment
         | prevalent online - that stuffy, tenured scientists couldn't
         | accomplish what two randos pulled off with just grit and
         | determination.
        
           | fragmede wrote:
           | With the third, having corporate backing, leaks the paper
           | without the consent of the other two.
        
         | Eji1700 wrote:
         | LK-99 and the UFO hearings have just tanked my already low
         | opinion of so many communities. I know that no matter the field
         | or the training people are susceptible to being overly excited
         | when they're ignorant on a subject, but god it bothers me how
         | much trivial research (ESPECIALLY on the UFO issue) should at
         | least temper expectations if not outright make people more
         | skeptical.
         | 
         | I figured places like HN would be better for that, although not
         | much. Sure seems about the same as the rest of the web. It's
         | just gossip rags for techy people.
         | 
         | What kills me is that LK-99 might actually be a room temp
         | superconductor, but that doesn't mean the straight out crazy
         | beliefs and behaviors were.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | > What kills me is that LK-99 might actually be a room temp
           | superconductor, but that doesn't mean the straight out crazy
           | beliefs and behaviors were.
           | 
           | I've been trying _really hard_ to keep an even keel but your
           | point is absolutely valid and I 'm in equal parts annoyed by
           | people that categorically reject it and by people that
           | blindly accept it. Science just doesn't work that way, you
           | need to be patient and do the work. But I do _hope_ that it
           | works out, and as a fall back position that it turns out that
           | it works out as a superconductor but not one with practical
           | use. Because that would still open the floodgates for the
           | funding that would either create a RT(AP)S or rule out that
           | one is possible to a very high degree of certainty.
        
           | hackinthebochs wrote:
           | Why on earth is excitement such a nuisance to a certain
           | faction of nerds?
        
         | danem wrote:
         | Maybe it's because I'm getting older, or maybe the users on HN
         | have really changed, but having been an HN member for over 10
         | years now, I cannot recall a time when it was so regularly
         | swamped by people with an almost religious fervor about the
         | topic du jour. Just in the last few months it was third-party
         | reddit apps, and now this. In my eyes, the quality of
         | conversation has degraded markedly with many comments more
         | appropriate for Twitter (how many variations of "We're so
         | back!!" must be posted?).
         | 
         | Of course many people will disagree with me here, but I'd love
         | to see mute functionality added to HN. If there's anything I've
         | learned from Twitter, it's that when a forum gets big enough,
         | proactively moderating _your own_ experience is essential to
         | enjoying it and cut down on the noise.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | An ignore list would already be pretty good (and I'm sure
           | plenty of people would ignore me :) ). Wasn't there a plug-in
           | for that at one point?
        
         | xvector wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
           | mycologos wrote:
           | I understand the sentiment, but I really want HN to stay as
           | free as possible of this low-effort half-conscious meme way
           | of speaking.
        
             | jbreckmckye wrote:
             | "The problem with pretending to be an idiot on the internet
             | is that eventually you attract genuine idiots, who think
             | themselves in good company"
        
         | lyapunova wrote:
         | Well...the way science is supposed to work is that everyone is
         | an optimistic skeptic until something is known for certain.
         | There is generally a correlation between higher PR effort and
         | likelihood of falling short. This probably originates from
         | incentive structures not aligning with being truthful and
         | allowing work to speak for itself. So people have to drum up
         | the excitement before it is warranted.
        
         | zamalek wrote:
         | The issue is that this article shouting "failure" is just as
         | prematurely as the loyalists crying "success." Anger drives
         | clicks and Nature knows that it's angering the loyalists,
         | especially with outright falsehoods in the article:
         | 
         | > graphene, frogs and pliers -- can exhibit similar magnetic
         | behaviour.
         | 
         | >
         | 
         | > Frustrated by the atmosphere of hype, some scientists have
         | taken to mimicking the levitation videos with everyday
         | materials suspended by string and other props
         | 
         | Why aren't the scientists levitating frogs above rare earth
         | magnets to make fun of the videos? Because you need
         | superconductor magnet, not a rare earth magnet, to do that.
         | This is a blatant internal inconsistency, and shows that this
         | article is garbage.
         | 
         | Don't trust the loyalists, don't trust the sensationalists,
         | trust science.
        
         | jrockway wrote:
         | This is just how humans are. You pick something you like and
         | then you support it fully. Rewind time to 10,000 years ago or
         | whatever. You're out distance-running animals to exhaustion,
         | and your friend trips and breaks their leg. You stop the hunt
         | and carry them back to your village. You go out tomorrow and
         | hunt without them, and give them some of the food you caught
         | anyway. Someone says "man this guy is lazy, let him starve!"
         | They are ruthlessly taunted for going against the group. The
         | broken leg guy recovers and society moves on. It didn't have to
         | be that way. You could have watched someone break their leg and
         | say "that sucks bro, enjoy dying" or you could have gone along
         | with the "this guy is lazy, let him starve!" cries. Both are
         | rational actions that many other species would take, but for
         | humans, evolution didn't favor that. (Probably because an adult
         | human is a pretty big sunk resource cost. 9 months of gestation
         | to have 1 kid!)
         | 
         | The end result is that we still have these instincts. We want
         | to belong to a group to receive its protection if something
         | goes wrong, and we want to support our group so the members
         | know they're getting the protection they crave. The end result
         | is that in a world without life or death consequences at every
         | turn, we naturally apply this to shit that doesn't matter like
         | rocks. Same brain, different problems.
         | 
         | I'll also add, this is what science is. People say stuff. Other
         | people test it. Everyone shares their results. Is there a
         | better system?
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | > This is just how humans are.
           | 
           | It's the choice you make; 'it's just how I am' is a weak
           | defense. It's surprisingly trendy to say bad behavior is
           | inevitable. Human's have been biologically the same for
           | ~300,000 years, but our behavior has changed dramatically.
           | Behavior in different places right now varies greatly.
           | 
           | Also, is there factual or expert basis for this theory?
        
         | EdSharkey wrote:
         | Dopamine is a helluva drug. Get off social media!
        
         | pyrale wrote:
         | > (Nature!)
         | 
         | I have no opinion on the topic of LK99, but the nature article
         | posted is not from the world-famous peer-reviewed scientific
         | review, it's from an affiliated science news article.
         | 
         | You are right that there is a lot of hype around that topic,
         | which isn't necessarily warranted, but people would also be
         | right to point out that an article that transform the lack of
         | certainty barely 10 days after the initial article into a
         | reason for doubt is a bit of a clickbait.
         | 
         | I'm all for scientists publishing early, but if the consequence
         | is news organizations and the general public breathing down
         | their necks, I can understand why they don't.
        
         | foobar_______ wrote:
         | Thank you for articulating this well. It really is such an odd
         | world we live in nowadays.
        
         | namuol wrote:
         | There's a real kernel of truth to what you're saying but don't
         | you think calling something a "cult" is a bit of a self-
         | fulfilling prophecy? You're turning this into an "us vs them"
         | thing when it never should have been one, by your own
         | assessment. There's no better way to politicize something than
         | to group people based on some reductive binary belief and
         | generalize about said group.
        
           | username332211 wrote:
           | Your reasoning might as well be applied to the Church of
           | Scientology or most Ponzi schemes. Calling those for what
           | they are does make the members close ranks.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | Or any other church, or any soccer team, political party or
             | icecream flavor. Humans get invested in stuff, even to
             | their own detriment.
        
               | username332211 wrote:
               | Of course, calling communities or groups cults makes them
               | close ranks. The question raised is should you do it if
               | they are indeed cults (or merely cult-ish).
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | That depends on your goals. I think Richard Dawkins is an
               | excellent example of what can happen when you focus too
               | much on the means and not enough on how you package the
               | message, in the end you will see your goal become _more_
               | distant rather than less.
        
             | namuol wrote:
             | Some things really are cults. I don't think that's what's
             | going on here. Maybe there's some foul play in "prediction
             | markets" and that kind of crap, but what you're suggesting
             | with these comparisons is that this entire phenomenon is
             | some deliberate ruse...
        
               | username332211 wrote:
               | Nothing I've said suggests deliberate ruse. It's entirely
               | possible for a cult to be created completely honestly by
               | people who believe in it. Most medieval heresies are an
               | obvious example.
        
         | rootusrootus wrote:
         | > Tesla is surrounded by a cult of personality
         | 
         | At the risk of going off on a tangent, this is not at all
         | unique to Tesla nor fans of the company. This happens to Apple
         | fans, Google fans, etc. Someone likes something a lot, someone
         | else comes along and is offended by the blind support and
         | decides that they have to _hate_ it in order to bring balance
         | to the world. Ta-da! Now we have two vitriolic groups of people
         | calling the other side a cult or bunch of haters.
         | 
         | Tesla stans are for sure annoying as hell. So are the haters,
         | though. Equally bad, as far as I'm concerned, since neither
         | side has any appreciation for nuance.
        
           | wolverine876 wrote:
           | I think that begs the question. Tesla fans are far more
           | intense and aggressive IME. The difference in degree is
           | everything.
        
           | Accujack wrote:
           | This is how a lot of religions work, too.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | firekvz wrote:
         | despite all the bad things and random people using it for ego
         | and stuff, its the best thing that can really happen to tech
         | nowadays.
         | 
         | With all the AI/chatgpt news, a bunch of people got involved in
         | what you call "spectator sport", leading to a whole new set of
         | opportunities and growth, people who would never touch a pc or
         | new software related tech, got involved, others invested, other
         | simple became consumers and every single bit of it its good for
         | the market.
         | 
         | Imagine you are a 15 y.o student right now browsing tiktok with
         | no interest in chemistry whatsoever and suddenly you see a
         | video about this superconductor and you get all hyped and next
         | thing you know is that the student who had no interest on
         | chemistry, now is passionate about it.
         | 
         | If all the LK-99 thing is a fiasco, at least we can say that it
         | somehow helped getting the attention of people who would
         | actually keep investigating and maybe do find the actual
         | superconductor we need. And this can be said about every
         | subject like this.
         | 
         | So yeah, I'm okay getting some random people having nonsense
         | internet discussions.
        
         | carabiner wrote:
         | Exactly. It is obvious that the techbros are not cool-headed
         | logicians systematically analyzing the foundations of
         | knowledge. They are deeply involved emotionally in their attack
         | on truth and reality.
        
         | jackmott42 wrote:
         | Welcome to the internet?
        
         | yorwba wrote:
         | The article references two kinds of sources: arXiv posts, which
         | get numbered footnotes; and posts on other websites, which get
         | inline links. One of those links is allocated to some guy on
         | Twitter making fun of unconfirmed levitation videos. There are
         | no links to any of those videos.
         | 
         | Clearly, the author considers scientists publishing videos of
         | their work less deserving of attention than making fun of those
         | scientists. I think that reflects badly on their character, and
         | badly on nature.com for hosting it.
         | 
         | (Also, an article published on 2023-08-04 should be able to
         | refer to an arXiv post from 2023-08-03:
         | https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.01516 even if they don't like citing
         | videos.)
        
         | starfallg wrote:
         | Nature is a mainstream science publication which aims for a
         | wide audience, so relatively speaking, it is definitely more
         | sensationalist when compared to the top journals in the
         | respective fields.
         | 
         | Not to disagree with your point. Just that Nature is not a good
         | example to illustrate it.
        
         | acchow wrote:
         | > and if you're on a different side than I am then screw you,
         | even if you are Nature.
         | 
         | Identity politics has metastasized everywhere.
        
         | klohto wrote:
         | I wanna smoke what the gatekeepers are smoking. "No, you don't
         | understand science! It can come only from fancy journals. You
         | cannot test the properties yourself!". Meanwhile Varda goes
         | brrr.
        
           | tekla wrote:
           | Yes, years of training, education, and experience is now
           | "gatekeeping"
        
             | baobabKoodaa wrote:
             | You think years of training, education and experience don't
             | occur outside fancy journals? You believe it's not
             | "science" if it's not published in Nature? Wow.
        
               | marginalia_nu wrote:
               | Published findings fail to replicate all the time all
               | over science. The responsible thing is to suspend
               | judgement until it has been independently verified a few
               | times, especially if it's a result from a field in which
               | you are not up to date with the latest findings.
               | 
               | I have a degree in theoretical physics and I feel I'm not
               | qualified to judge this finding.
        
               | tekla wrote:
               | I will respond with your low quality response with
               | another low quality response.
               | 
               | > You think years of training, education and experience
               | don't occur outside fancy journals?
               | 
               | Literally nothing I said was about this.
               | 
               | > You believe it's not "science" if it's not published in
               | Nature? Wow.
               | 
               | Also literally nothing I said was about this.
               | 
               | We have a fun little situation where HN people, most of
               | which barely know anything about superconductivity, or
               | physics, or really anything outside of their webdev
               | bubble, think that their random opinions on random news
               | articles means anything. A 10 minute read of Wikipedia is
               | now considered expertise. Obviously the random news
               | article with low quality information is proof that room
               | temp superconductivity is a real thing.
               | 
               | It's the exact same feeling I have when I read HN talking
               | about aviation, which I have a strong background in. It's
               | pretty clear most HN people have absolutely no idea what
               | they're talking about.
        
               | gitfan86 wrote:
               | The trick is to get good at identifying the people that
               | are correct and ignoring the people that don't know what
               | they are saying.
               | 
               | It is hard, but once you can do that it is superior to
               | listening to the experts only. The problem with people
               | who are recognized as experts is that they have a high
               | likelihood of wanting status and power. So while they may
               | be experienced and smart their intentions may not be
               | pure.
        
               | kibwen wrote:
               | _> The problem with people who are recognized as experts
               | is that they have a high likelihood of wanting status and
               | power._
               | 
               | In order for this to have any useful predictive power,
               | you have to also demonstrate that "the people who are
               | correct" don't want status and power, and also that the
               | set of people who are correct doesn't overlap with the
               | set of experts.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | > The trick is to get good at identifying the people that
               | are correct and ignoring the people that don't know what
               | they are saying.
               | 
               | You need expertise yourself in order to do that.
               | Otherwise you are easily misled.
               | 
               | > The problem with people who are recognized as experts
               | is that they have a high likelihood of wanting status and
               | power. So while they may be experienced and smart their
               | intentions may not be pure.
               | 
               | Where do you get any information then? How do you get
               | through your day?
               | 
               | People can have various motives and still provide
               | accurate information. The motives don't completely
               | dominate them, they have other motives, and we can read
               | critically.
               | 
               | But if they lack expertise, they can't provide accurate
               | information.
        
             | rex_lupi wrote:
             | And yet, even with all your "years of training, education
             | and experience", the said for-profit publisher is writing
             | such low- quality science journalism articles. It's been
             | only weeks and the article in a maliciously dismissive tone
             | suggests all the replication efforts are in vain and
             | pointless. Is this expected behavior from scientists? I am
             | well-aware of the very high publication standards of
             | Nature. I don't care it's a for-profit business. I don't
             | care if, in the end the studies disprove the hyped claims.
             | All I'm saying is this kind of shoddy poor-quality stuff
             | isnt something I expect from someone actually serious about
             | real science
        
           | a_wild_dandan wrote:
           | It's also ironic that a publication so concerned with
           | _patience_ in science is _so quick_ to dismiss experiments
           | "falling short." Like...it's been a week. Chill. This is the
           | most public scientific enthusiasm that I've seen in years.
           | Let people have fun. Experience wonder and magic and mystery
           | and awe and failure. That's what science is about.
        
             | drtgh wrote:
             | The original team submitted a paper about LK99 to Nature in
             | 2020, and it was rejected. The editorial may not be
             | interested that other labs research the material,
             | decreasing the number of verification trials.
        
           | nofunsir wrote:
           | After the last three years, I think there's plenty of that
           | around to smoke.
        
           | jbreckmckye wrote:
           | There's been a few "over-eager" findings these last few
           | years. Skepticism is warranted; if LK-99 is a superconductor
           | it will still be one after six months' peer review.
        
             | ecshafer wrote:
             | I can't really think of any over eager findings in the past
             | years. Plenty of fluffy university press releases and the
             | perpetual 20 years from now. But this is the first
             | fundamental breakthrough that has had any stick. Skepticism
             | is always warranted but the other results like the
             | university of Rochester superconductor was met with extreme
             | skepticism at first (and has been shown to be warranted).
             | Lk99 had the combination of big result, AND importantly
             | "easily" testable, despite low yield rates.
        
             | moolcool wrote:
             | > if LK-99 is a superconductor it will still be one after
             | six months' peer review
             | 
             | You might as well never get excited about anything if
             | that's your perspective. Watching the process happen in
             | real time is fun and exciting.
        
               | Eji1700 wrote:
               | I do not mean this in a hostile way, but I fucking hate
               | this take.
               | 
               | There are plenty of people who get EXTREMELY excited when
               | shit turns out to be true. There's this sterotype of
               | boring serious people who never have fun and don't enjoy
               | what everyone else is enjoying and it's just wrong.
               | 
               | There are people in the industry who are going to go
               | fucking nuts if this is true, but they're not dancing in
               | the streets because this is the equivalent of "is katy
               | perry pregnant? Our pictures maybe sorta show a bump!".
               | 
               | To be clear, if that kind of gossip is your life, that's
               | fine, but even then you're probably about to read a
               | shitload of ill informed speculation based on suspicious
               | evidence, with undeniable proof 3-6 months away. You've
               | seen this thing literally hundreds of times before, and
               | see nothing to be excited about because it's just noise.
               | If there's a baby in 6 months, great, if not, "yeah
               | maybe" is about the extent of the information.
               | 
               | Science is done slow because you need to prove things.
               | Even with this material being "easy" to replicate by the
               | standards of the field, it still doesn't happen overnight
               | (and to my amateur understanding in part because of a
               | lack of detail).
               | 
               | So while I can't speak for the person you're replying to,
               | I can damn sure say I find nothing about this exciting
               | (more embarrassing that so many people have turned this
               | into a cult following, much like the cold fusion claims
               | on steroids), and will be one of the first people to be
               | extremely excited when we have confirmation.
               | 
               | This is not "watching the process" happen. It is
               | "speculating on the process at every single step no
               | matter how suspicious because the process isn't fast
               | enough for you"
        
               | moolcool wrote:
               | It's this kind of excitement of possibility that drives
               | people to work on ideas like this in the first place.
               | Thousands of people tuned into Andrew McCalip's twitch
               | stream of an oven, just because of the possibility that
               | something world-changing might come out. I'm sure lots of
               | those viewers, many of them young people who are in the
               | prime years of forming interests and career choices, have
               | never even heard of superconductors before last week, and
               | now are soaking up all the information they can on the
               | topic. That's awesome.
               | 
               | Was the hype leading up to the moon landing also a waste
               | of time, just because it was just "gossip" until boots
               | hit the surface? Such a joyless take.
        
               | ChatGTP wrote:
               | Yes, or it's another opportunity to procrastinate and
               | waste time engaging in social media...
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | > I fucking hate this take
               | 
               | But it is hostile. It also shows a lack of emotional
               | control at least on par with the people that are openly
               | enthusiastic and possibly much worse. At least they are
               | having fun...
        
               | rvnx wrote:
               | The word speculation really applies when you see people
               | betting on this.
        
               | nazgulsenpai wrote:
               | > I do not mean this in a hostile way, but I fucking hate
               | this take.
               | 
               | The "fucking hate" kinda negates the first half of the
               | sentence.
        
               | cthalupa wrote:
               | There's plenty of real scientists doing real science with
               | this. It's pretty dismissive to talk about university
               | labs full of PhDs posting preprints and videos and all of
               | that and liken them to TMZ style reporting.
               | 
               | People bring up the cold fusion stuff repeatedly, and
               | that's also bizarre - Muon stuff aside, cold fusion
               | wasn't thought to be possible under our understanding of
               | physics when that craze happened. That's a lot of what
               | was so weird about it. On the other hand, there's
               | absolutely nothing in our understanding of physics that
               | makes a RTAPS impossible.
               | 
               | I would agree with the idea that not being excited about
               | this at this point in time doesn't make you a curmudgeon.
               | But saying "I do not mean this in a hostile way" doesn't
               | mean much when you proceed to be hostile and disparaging
               | towards people. The tone of your comment doesn't change
               | at all if you replace "I do not mean this in a hostile
               | way, but" with "You morons"
        
               | lamontcg wrote:
               | > Watching the process happen in real time is fun and
               | exciting.
               | 
               | YOU ARE NOT WATCHING THE PROCESS.
               | 
               | The people who have spent their lives on superconductors
               | and who have the expertise to replicate and conclusively
               | evaluate these claims so far haven't said anything
               | publicly. They are presumably busy doing the actual hard
               | work.
               | 
               | What you're doing is watching is a side show full of
               | influencers on social media.
               | 
               | I can open my rss feed for hep-ex today and read
               | something like this:
               | 
               | https://arxiv.org/pdf/2308.01468.pdf
               | 
               | Which is due ultimately to the work of over 1,000 people
               | on the LHCb collaboration (two of them now deceased), but
               | the conclusions are just "agrees with the standard model"
               | so the result of the very good work done grinding away at
               | the problem has no headline generating potential. Most of
               | the people here fawning over the excitement of science
               | done in the open wouldn't ever bother trying to read that
               | kind of paper, and probably don't know that sharing
               | physics preprints over the internet dates back to before
               | the Web existed (and to before most of them existed).
        
               | zarzavat wrote:
               | This kind of hysterical reaction to people having fun is
               | why I want LK99 to be true.
        
               | astrange wrote:
               | This is a demonstration that hard work isn't useful work,
               | since the LHC is just spending infinite money on finding
               | things we already knew.
        
               | lamontcg wrote:
               | > finding things we already knew.
               | 
               | we didn't know that before it was published.
               | 
               | we could have been sitting around now talking about
               | breaking new experimental results from LHCb that call
               | into question the standard model, you have to actually do
               | the work to check. and you have to check a lot of
               | unexciting results in order to find one which is
               | groundbreaking (which is actually what the authors of the
               | LK-99 paper claim to have done over decades before
               | finding this one material).
        
             | cthalupa wrote:
             | Sure. No one reasonable is seeing this and deciding they
             | need to go investing their life savings in whatever
             | adjacent stocks they think will take off. Skepticism is
             | fine.
             | 
             | The Nature article is still weird in tone, though, since
             | there's been plenty of interesting results that have been
             | replicated. LK99 is a weird material, at the very least.
             | That it's weird in a way that somewhat implies it could be
             | an RTAPS makes it plenty interesting.
             | 
             | I've seen a lot of discussion around LK99 in a bunch of
             | different contexts, and the portion of people that are
             | treating it like anything more than entertaining curiosity
             | at this point is extremely low - so this article really
             | reads as the authors being upset that other people are
             | having fun in their domain. That's what comes across as
             | gatekeeping.
             | 
             | Or the concerns around "amateur" reproduction - who is
             | trying to reproduce this without any understanding of how
             | to operate the equipment or some understandings around
             | basic chemistry and physics? These private reproductions
             | are being done by engineers, chemists, physicists, etc. - I
             | haven't seen anything to indicate that people with no
             | business doing these experiments are rushing out there to
             | try it.
             | 
             | It's just a very strange to be written in the tone it is
             | and make these points. It seems very divorced from the
             | reality of the situation, which is basically a whole lot of
             | people on twitter memeing "MAKE ROCK FLOAT"/"WE BACK"/"ITS
             | SO OVER", people on more technical/science oriented forums
             | having the sorts of discussions we see on HN, and most the
             | population sitting around waiting to see if anything useful
             | comes of this.
        
         | yongjik wrote:
         | The most bizarre is people who view this as a fight between
         | underdog citizens and established big science, ignoring that
         | the most useful commentaries and replication efforts are coming
         | from universities and big science labs.
         | 
         | (And no, a photo on Twitter of some unspecified speck
         | levitating over an unspecified magnet-looking device posted by
         | an unknown individual does not prove anything. If the topic was
         | anything else, HN would've been filled with "Gah stupid non-
         | technical people, when will they understand that you can't
         | believe everything on the internet?")
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | That's a tricky one. Yes, it doesn't prove anything. But if
           | that same person would show you a battery and an electric
           | light and the fact that the one can power the other you'd
           | have no qualms about saying that that video is real and proof
           | of the existence of electricity because you've already
           | accepted that as a fact and any evidence that confirms it can
           | safely be added to the huge pile that already exists.
           | 
           | But let's just for the moment go back 112 years when your
           | average laboratory was less well equipped than today's lab of
           | mid sized university and people were doing groundbreaking
           | research all over the place. Including superconduction. So we
           | are all less likely to believe the 'underdog citizens'
           | because anything they can do the labs can do that much
           | better. But the underdog citizens apparently excel at
           | marketing themselves, rather than that they excel at science
           | and replication is something they are sometimes quite good at
           | (Nile Red for instance is in that category). So as long as
           | they aren't doing _original science_ I think we maybe should
           | lump them into the  'preponderance of evidence' class and if
           | enough of those unknown individuals all report consistent
           | results then it may count for something, more so if you know
           | one of them yourself and are allowed to inspect the results.
           | But for a global audience it shouldn't hold as much weight as
           | a replication by a well known university with a good
           | reputation, especially if they supply samples for others to
           | test. (Because I think with this substance testing it
           | properly is a lot easier (while still challenging) than
           | manufacturing it properly.)
        
             | yongjik wrote:
             | Thanks for the thoughtful response. You put it much better
             | than I did.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | I see those youtubers for the most part as well meaning
               | science popularizers, I can't get my kids to read books
               | about the history of science but they'll watch videos
               | about all kinds of interesting stuff all day long if I
               | let them. So they do serve a role and if that's all they
               | contribute then I'm fine with that. But I would come down
               | harshly on anybody that would fake it just for clicks or
               | that would interfere with actual science by spouting
               | unsupported bullshit (this happened a lot during the
               | pandemic).
        
               | yongjik wrote:
               | I think it's a matter of priors. If a Youtuber shows,
               | say, how to make non-Newtonian fluid from starch, then
               | it's much easier to accept it at face value, because we
               | already _know_ such a thing exists, and what would they
               | gain by faking it.
               | 
               | On the other hand, if another one shows room-temperature
               | superconductor which may or may not actually exist, then
               | (1) we don't know if it's true yet, and (2) it's pretty
               | obvious why someone may want to fake it to get their five
               | minutes of internet fame.
        
             | SubiculumCode wrote:
             | Sure serious amateurs can do serious science too. However,
             | I have less reason to believe in their results, a priori,
             | because the internet is full of cranks, while University
             | Lab's have proportionally few. So a claim from a lab
             | becomes an extraordinary claim from some rando on twitter,
             | and thus the rando needs to provide extraordinary evidence.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | That looks like a solid and defensible position to me.
        
         | brucethemoose2 wrote:
         | This is a good problem.
         | 
         | Better to see LK-99 hype in TikTok/YouTube feeds than celebrity
         | gossip or Musk's impulse tweets or whatever. The more science
         | goes around, the better.
        
         | jbreckmckye wrote:
         | It is very strange and there must be a deeper reason. I don't
         | know if this is
         | 
         | - Retail shareholders doing grassroots PR
         | 
         | - Some kind of "magical technologism", belief that the rapid
         | technical gains of the 20th century are the natural state of
         | things; unwillingness to accept that future improvements in
         | material science, computer science, chemical science will be
         | more marginal
         | 
         | - Shallow press coverage and overenthusiastic fans who have a
         | disproportionate impact on online discourse
         | 
         | Or maybe all three?
        
           | DC-3 wrote:
           | Simply the desire to live in interesting times.
        
           | kortex wrote:
           | I think it's in no small part because the news has been so
           | dire for the past few years: pandemic, war in Ukraine,
           | possibility of nuclear escalation, China licking lips at
           | Taiwan, climate change, economy.
           | 
           | Then some news comes along also coincidentally with other
           | weird fun news (UAPs) that's not bad in any ways, and may
           | revolutionize society. Of course they are gonna run with it.
        
           | llm_nerd wrote:
           | It isn't strange or unique at all. We live in times where
           | people feel they need to have a position on everything. A
           | strongly held belief. A stand. And people feel they need to
           | adopt it early and then make every piece of information fit
           | that selection.
           | 
           | It is destructive. We see it on every topic now, even
           | entirely banal things.
           | 
           | To go back a couple of decades, I remember a high school
           | History teacher bizarre asking the class if they were for or
           | against abortion of all things...it was a very strange class
           | where he was riffing and we were talking about commonly held
           | positions through time. He asked me and I answered that I
           | didn't know enough about the topic, hadn't really thought
           | about it enough, and don't really feel in a position where I
           | should have a stance on it. He laughed and called me a fence-
           | sitter and said I took the coward position. This was a
           | profound experience for me, and it comes to mind in many
           | situations like this.
           | 
           | The whole LK-99 thing looks super neat. I don't have the
           | knowledge, time or inclination to have my ego wrapped in a
           | position on it, and there's absolutely no value or utility in
           | me picking a position, either. I read the updates and it'll
           | turn out however it turns out.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | Yes, this polarization is really annoying, it also blinds
             | people because they become too invested in their own team
             | to still change their position given additional evidence.
        
           | FloorEgg wrote:
           | Maybe there is some major strategic investment deal being
           | negotiated to develop advanced chip fab and it's in someone's
           | interest to confuse the strategy with a potential paradigm
           | shift on the horizon.
        
           | stormfather wrote:
           | Unwillingness to accept? What evidence do you have that the
           | 20th century was the inflection point in intellectual
           | progress? We have many more brains with much more free time
           | now, not to mention pocket supercomputers, the internet and
           | AI assistance. I expect the pace of discover to increase if
           | anything. Maybe you're just suffering from your perspective
           | of being alive right now, like all those kids on youtube who
           | say past music was so good, because they see a highly
           | filtered and compressed version of the past.
        
         | wolverine876 wrote:
         | > Have you ever seen a Youtube video about someone reviewing a
         | Tesla or comparing it to another car? The comments are always
         | full of hostile and vitriolic remarks by people who are
         | personally offended
         | 
         | So how do you think we can improve that? It's a very serious
         | question - the anger and mis/disinformation on the Internet is
         | doing great harm, has killed millions and may do far more (via
         | vaccine and climate change disinformation, to start).
        
         | cm2012 wrote:
         | You see this on HN often when advertising comes up. There's a
         | large group of people ideologically against it.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Rightly so! ;)
        
         | ianai wrote:
         | Actually it's great. Sure it's annoying when people take things
         | too far. But society sorely lacks for interest in science and
         | in general things that make us all better off. I say bring on
         | the enthusiasm and just remind people of the importance of
         | being polite and kind towards one another or at least not mean.
         | 
         | A huge win would be this signaling interest in things that make
         | the world better. Basic research and such rely on public
         | funding and we'd all be better off with more funding going to
         | address such problems than the other places funds go.
        
           | BaseballPhysics wrote:
           | When it becomes a spectator sport, it's not longer interest
           | in science, it's just wanting to be part of an in-group.
           | Science includes rationality and that's sorely lacking in
           | most of the discourse around LK-99. The average commentary
           | has as much in common with science as the recent unfounded
           | and unsupported hype around UAPs.
        
             | ianai wrote:
             | It's not about reaching everyone. It's about not turning
             | people off and attracting the otherwise predisposed. It
             | only takes one sour comment to make the fud spread.
        
               | BaseballPhysics wrote:
               | I would've thought HN would be the last place where
               | rational skepticism and trust in the scientific method
               | would be confused for "FUD" (a term which has apparently
               | lost all meaning).
        
         | chriskanan wrote:
         | The author of the article is a freelance science journalist not
         | really an expert in this space, so I think it is reasonably
         | appropriate to be dismissive of their perspective since they
         | aren't a researcher in this space and probably cherry picked
         | the evidence they wanted for their story.
         | 
         | I'm excited by the potential of LK-99 and I wouldn't be
         | surprised if it turned out to be a red herring, but I'll wait
         | for the scientific community to sort it out versus paying
         | attention to a non-expert journalist who is weighing in so
         | strongly on the matter this early in the game.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | > Here we are, on HN, and people in this very thread are
         | calling Nature (Nature!) an "online sensational clickbait
         | magazine" because they want to believe the hype that the rock
         | has properties that they only learned about from Wikipedia a
         | few days prior (and only understood 5% of it, at that)
         | 
         | I did not consider this article to be a particularly great
         | sample for inclusion in a new standard of quality. Nature puts
         | out fantastic stuff but this really isn't it, and if anything
         | it surprises me that they would publish it. At the same time I
         | agree with you about the spectator sport angle, that's highly
         | annoying, both from the 'naysayers' _and_ the  'fanatics'.
        
         | deepnotderp wrote:
         | I mean the Nature article is basically just the opinions of a
         | bunch of experts.
         | 
         | It's not to say LK-99 is real, but the Nature article
         | contributes 0 extra information
        
         | dekhn wrote:
         | Nature isn't clickbait, but it is not the best journal when it
         | comes to accurately reporting the truth. As we used to joke in
         | grad school, Nature was a great journal to publish the hottest
         | incorrect results, or to write op-eds that influenced old
         | scientists in England.
         | 
         | At the same time I find the incredible enthusiasm and desire to
         | extrapolate the simplest reports into powerful narratives (as a
         | subset of HN people discussing LK-99 do) very depressing. I
         | guess everybody has to go through t heir own Pons and
         | Fleischman or Jessie Gelsinger moments before they understand
         | just how much hype there is in next-gen science.
        
         | throwanem wrote:
         | > But this has become some weird spectator sport, where you're
         | either a believer or a skeptic, and if you're on a different
         | side than I am then screw you, even if you are Nature.
         | 
         | Welcome to the Internet in 2023...
        
         | viscanti wrote:
         | Well the whole argument feels kind of clickbait and premature.
         | Arguing that replication efforts fall short, after less than a
         | week of attempts, feels pretty weird. Why even weigh in on
         | things right now if you're Nature? How many of their best
         | papers have been replicated so quickly (it is approaching zero)
         | or conclusively. It shouldn't be a surprise that the fastest
         | pre-release papers that are attempting to replicate it, are
         | mostly from labs looking for publicity or from people who are
         | just excited. Research teams that need more time for a rigorous
         | replication effort are still working and likely will be for
         | awhile. This is a silly thing for Nature to talk about and it
         | makes them look like they're going the clickbait route to take
         | advantage of the hype around floating rocks.
        
       | akasakahakada wrote:
       | This article is like what a high school student would write for
       | their essay: quote some dudes' speech without actually explaining
       | anything and call it a day. Those speeches are my proofs because
       | they say so. Room temperature superconductor is useless because
       | someboby said that on twitter! Seriously every argument in this
       | article is flawed.
        
       | m3kw9 wrote:
       | Replication seem pretty successful to me, 3-4 labs has made the
       | same effect. Nature sound salty they are not really involved in
       | anyway now that results are displayed on social media rather than
       | through journals
        
       | knbrlo wrote:
       | When publications put out things like this it reminds me of why I
       | can't trust them. They're writing this article for clicks and
       | attention and to feed that side of society that constantly pulls
       | us down about what's not possible while the publication makes
       | money from taking the other side of a issue. It's plain
       | corruption.
        
       | psychphysic wrote:
       | Mainstream science: we need to get the public excited about
       | science.
       | 
       | Also mainstream science: no stop talking about us!!
       | 
       | What's the bfd? This isn't IV bleach for COVID... So what if
       | tiktokers are suddenly talking about the quirks of BCS?
       | 
       | Nature is just bitter imo because they passed on an article that
       | the public was fascinated by because as the authors put it
       | "trauma".
       | 
       | They are reacting just like all the publishers who passed on JK
       | Rowling because no one wants to read a fantasy book a girl wrote.
       | 
       | This is like YouTube telling people not to watch Cobra Kai on
       | Netflix because they passed on it.
        
         | rex_lupi wrote:
         | Nature is now just whining cuz one arxiv publication got
         | everyone excited. That's what it feels like after reading this
         | poor quality article published by nature
        
         | Eji1700 wrote:
         | It's because people aren't excited about the science. They're
         | excited about the speculation, the gossip, and the potential
         | result. That is literally antithetical to the entire process of
         | proper science, and the exact kind of behavior/mentality that
         | most scientists hate due to how it warps things like funding.
         | 
         | Science is the process. It's taking your time, proving your
         | work, and most importantly, replicating your results.
        
           | mcpackieh wrote:
           | You don't get to have public interest in science without
           | public interest in science drama and gossip. Humans being
           | what they are, it's unreasonable for you to expect otherwise.
           | There is not a single topic for which the public has an
           | interest in the thing but no interest in the gossip and drama
           | surrounding that thing.
        
           | fragmede wrote:
           | Is the gossip about LG's involvement and the leaked-ness of
           | the paper and the death bed dying breath parts really taking
           | center stage here? I've come across that stuff but the focus
           | of the excitement really seems to be on "will it replicate".
        
           | devnullbrain wrote:
           | >the exact kind of behavior/mentality that most scientists
           | hate due to how it warps things like funding
           | 
           | I'd be more sympathetic to this had scientists not done such
           | a terrible job of distributing the funding my taxes pay for
        
           | moolcool wrote:
           | > It's because people aren't excited about the science.
           | They're excited about the speculation, the gossip, and the
           | potential result
           | 
           | I think you could argue that the initial spark of intuition--
           | the thing that makes you go "huh. Let me look into this more"
           | before gathering evidence and peer review, is one of the most
           | important steps of "the science"
        
       | tromp wrote:
       | > that a compound of copper, lead, phosphorus and oxygen, dubbed
       | LK-99, is a superconductor at ambient pressure and temperatures
       | above 127 degC (400 Kelvin).
       | 
       | No; it's claimed to superconduct at temperatures up to 127 degC.
       | They didn't perform tests above 127 degC.
        
         | mbauman wrote:
         | > They didn't perform tests above that temperature.
         | 
         | Right, exactly, they're claiming that Tc is above 127degC. The
         | claim is that it's a superconductor at (some) temperatures even
         | higher than what was tested. It's also still a superconductor
         | at temperatures below.
        
       | areoform wrote:
       | > LK-99's purported superconductivity drew immediate scrutiny
       | from scientists. "My first impression was 'no.'" says Inna
       | Vishik, a condensed matter experimentalist at the University of
       | California, Davis. "These 'Unidentified Superconducting Objects',
       | as they're sometimes called, reliably show up on the arXiv.
       | There's a new one every year or so." Advances in
       | superconductivity are often touted for their potential practical
       | impact on technologies such as computer chips and maglev trains,
       | but Vishik points out that such excitement might be misplaced.
       | Historically, progress in superconductivity has had tremendous
       | benefits for basic science, but little in the way of everyday
       | applications. There's no guarantee a material that is a room-
       | temperature superconductor would be of practical use, Vishik
       | says.
       | 
       | As someone who loves Nature, I would like to commit a dash of
       | heresy. A manufacturable, room temperature superconductor with a
       | low current density wouldn't lead to maglevs, but it would
       | _revolutionize_ the world. It would be one of the starkest
       | turning points in human history.
       | 
       | Most of the heat generated by a CPU is generated shuttling
       | electrons back and forth. A superconductor instantly changes the
       | calculus and, depending on whom you ask, makes processors 500x
       | more efficient. And that's just the start.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superconducting_computing
       | 
       | The before/after is so stark that it's really hard to game out
       | all of the consequences, but it's quite obvious that it instantly
       | changes the cost of running these massive AI models as well as
       | the cost of doing highly detailed FEM simulations.
       | 
       | Even if some of the properties are replicated, the strangeness of
       | this material puts us on track to that world. It's incredible
       | what it could be. I'm extremely excited!
        
         | mercutio2 wrote:
         | Most of the heat generated in a CPU is voltage turning on and
         | off, not current flowing continuously.
         | 
         | Superconductors do not have zero inductance.
        
         | shkkmo wrote:
         | > it's quite obvious that it instantly changes the cost of
         | running these massive AI models as well as the cost of doing
         | highly detailed FEM simulations.
         | 
         | This seems pretty overstated. Developing the tooling to build
         | chips takes years, there is good reason to think that even if
         | this material does revolutionize chip efficiencies, it will be
         | years at least before we start producing those chips and
         | probably years more before that production scales to fully
         | supplant the existing production infrastructure.
        
       | fullstackchris wrote:
       | haha, now even nature has to have a commentary. a bit
       | hypocritical title eh?
        
       | noahlt wrote:
       | > many materials -- including graphene, frogs and pliers -- can
       | exhibit similar magnetic behaviour.
       | 
       | I'm sorry, FROGS!?
       | 
       | I looked this up and it's very fun:
       | https://www.ru.nl/hfml/research/levitation-explained/diamagn...
        
         | adw wrote:
         | Yes, resulting in Andre Geim
         | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andre_Geim) having the best
         | possible scientific resume:
         | 
         | - the 2000 Ig Nobel Prize for frog levitation:
         | 
         | - the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on graphene.
        
         | michael_nielsen wrote:
         | There's a great video of a frog (and several other items)
         | floating in a strong magnetic field, from 1997:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KlJsVqc0ywM&ab_channel=APArc...
         | 
         | Lots of objects are diamagnetic, including human beings, and
         | can potentially be made to float in a strong magnetic field.
        
       | rahkiin wrote:
       | Rome was not build in a day. Let's not expect scientists to do so
       | after a draft publication.
        
         | jonny_eh wrote:
         | Makes sense, on the other hand, the recipe is apparently fairly
         | simple, so why would it be so hard to replicate?
        
           | _joel wrote:
           | It seems to be, so far, a stocastic process in such that they
           | don't now what's causing it in the 1/10 times it works
           | afaict.
        
           | golol wrote:
           | It is simple as in doesn't require expensive materials or
           | tools or a particularly long process. It can nevertheless be
           | tricky to execute correctly and depend on luck
        
           | sophacles wrote:
           | I dunno, but if it's so simple, why don't you try and then
           | let us know if it's actually easy or not, as well as the
           | results you get!
        
           | ssijak wrote:
           | so simple that original authors fail 9 out of 10 times it
           | seems
        
           | someotherperson wrote:
           | The recipe for Shakespeare is English, paper and a pen.
        
           | yiyus wrote:
           | I am a material scientist. Everyday, I see failed attempts to
           | replicate samples. Slightly different compositions, slightly
           | different heat treatments, subtle differences in
           | crystallographic texture or the arrangement of inclusions
           | that unexpectedly change the properties of your material in
           | mysterious ways.
           | 
           | And I know nothing about superconductors, I am talking about
           | steel, a material that we have worked with for centuries,
           | it's in the first chapter of every textbook and is
           | practically everywhere.
           | 
           | Things are hard.
        
           | traverseda wrote:
           | Because if it is superconducting they only have tiny tiny
           | superconducting chunks in a much larger sample that isn't. A
           | couple of superconducting grains of sand in a rock,
           | basically. Separate them out, try to test them on their own
           | while ignoring all the rock parts, well that's difficult.
           | 
           | I suspect that what they actually have is some incredibly
           | tiny superconducting crystals suspended on a material that is
           | almost identical except for the placement of a few atoms.
           | Very hard to work with.
           | 
           | Or it's just a regular diamagenetic material.
        
           | seba_dos1 wrote:
           | It's too simple - it's simplistic. It doesn't control for
           | some (yet unknown) things that make it fail or succeed, which
           | makes it hard to replicate.
        
           | rsfern wrote:
           | The steps are simple, but it seems to be quite finicky and
           | there are almost sure to be sensitive to important factors
           | that we don't have clarity on yet. If it turns out to be
           | definitively shown to be real
        
           | stusmall wrote:
           | It's posts like this that make me think of Roosevelt's Man in
           | the Arena speech. It's easy for folks on the sidelines to
           | criticize and say "what's so hard?" It's for the best who the
           | folks rolling up their sleeves, doing the hard work don't
           | see/hear it. There are tons of teams working at this from
           | multiple angles, both trying to prove and disprove it.
           | 
           | It's only been a few days! The fact that cutting edge science
           | from a pre-release version of a paper isn't going perfectly
           | doesn't mean much. Give them time. Eventually we will have
           | more solid answer.
        
           | Lewton wrote:
           | The recipe IS easy... Relatively, it's just not reliable/high
           | yield
        
           | tnecniv wrote:
           | Simple is not synonymous with easy.
        
           | mensetmanusman wrote:
           | The unit cell apparently has:
           | 
           | 1 Copper atom 25 oxygen atoms 6 Phosphorous atoms 9 lead
           | atoms
           | 
           | There are many ways to arrange these constituents.
           | 
           | It's hard to create the environment where they want to go
           | exactly where you hope over a large volume. Sometimes this
           | level of precision requires atomic control of layer growth
           | and extreme temperature management. That's why the methods
           | list days between steps to get the atoms diffusing, and
           | that's for a few micrograms of material.
        
             | jonny_eh wrote:
             | I guess whoever figures out a reliable process for scaling
             | up production gets a second nobel prize?
        
               | RosanaAnaDana wrote:
               | or just billions upon billions of dollars.
        
               | jonny_eh wrote:
               | I should patent a process then figure out the details
               | later, or sue anyone who does.
        
         | relativ575 wrote:
         | It is true, yet I can't reconcile the fact the overall
         | excitement and optimism this generates, vs. the lukewarm and
         | skepticism towards news about advance in other hard problems
         | such as fusion, battery, self-driving, space exploration,
         | cancer treatment, Alzheimer treatment.
         | 
         | I get that disappointment in the past make people jaded.
         | Weren't there false hope in superconductor as well? Or are
         | people here too young to have experienced that?
        
           | cthalupa wrote:
           | There's a lot of people in here arguing like there's some
           | significant faction of people that truly believe we've got
           | enough proof that we have an RTAPS and are somehow negatively
           | impacting their life because of it.
           | 
           | I'm excited enough about this that I've read about 3500 HN
           | comments on the subject over the past few days. I've talked
           | about it with friends of various levels of science literacy.
           | I've seen it come up in various discords, IRC channels, etc.
           | 
           | And... I'm not seeing any real amount of people doing that.
           | The twitter crowd is largely people just memeposting with
           | "FLOAT THE ROCK!", places like HN have a bit more technical
           | discussion about it, lots of other places it comes up in
           | conversation and people shrug and go "huh that might be cool
           | hope it works out tell me in 6 months"
           | 
           | But even as someone with enough free time this week to read
           | all these comments and engage in the discussion so much, it's
           | not like I'm sitting here expecting 15 years from now we'll
           | all be living in a superconductor wonderland. If I had to
           | make a bet one way or the other, I'd probably bet it won't
           | be. But that doesn't mean this whole thing isn't fun and
           | entertaining.
           | 
           | We've got some potentially world altering thing that is
           | potentially real, and replicating it is easy enough that we
           | have engineers and scientists all over the world doing it in
           | public. Most of these kind of things require lots of funding,
           | labs with advanced tools, access to exotic materials, etc.
           | Instead, this time, we get to watch it on Twitter, Bilibili,
           | etc.
           | 
           | It's possible for people to recognize that this is a
           | potentially world altering discovery and be hyped about the
           | process and visibility we have in it, as well as realize that
           | the most likely outcome at this point is "LK99 does some
           | weird diamagnetic stuff that looks cool but probably isn't
           | actually an RTAPS"
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | agnosticmantis wrote:
       | > ... despite the fact that many materials -- including graphene,
       | frogs and pliers -- can exhibit similar magnetic behaviour.
       | 
       | This is a dishonest argument. Frogs and pliers don't levitate on
       | a typical magnet in ambient conditions, so you can't say the
       | behavior is 'similar' just because 'everything levitates in a
       | strong enough magnetic field'. If your measuring stick can't
       | distinguish these two significantly different behaviors, it's a
       | useless measuring stick.
       | 
       | Also, more generally, the logic of science is statistics, not
       | Boolean logic. We all know that
       | 
       | [(p --> q) and q]
       | 
       | doesn't logically imply p, but still observing q makes p more
       | likely when thinking probabilistically.
       | 
       | Overall I found the article to be very dismissive of weak
       | evidence and also shortsighted when considering the potential
       | applications that we can't think of right now (even if those are
       | not the typical hoped-for applications like efficient power
       | transmission).
        
         | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
         | The logic of science is logic. Statistics is used to provide
         | confidence intervals.
        
           | spxtr wrote:
           | Do you disagree with ET Jaynes then?
        
       | TaylorAlexander wrote:
       | Did anyone notice the description for the image at the top of the
       | article? My understanding is that this description is nonsense,
       | but I am an amateur and would love some clarification:
       | 
       | "A superconducting magnet is cooled by liquid nitrogen, producing
       | a strong magnetic field that causes the magnet to levitate."
       | 
       | Like superconductors don't float because they're a "strong
       | magnet" they float because they reject all magnetic fields beyond
       | the London depth and this somehow leads to levitation. Right??
        
         | rizzaxc wrote:
         | SC requires a critical temperature, so the "cooling" part
         | leading to the "producing" part is correct
        
           | TaylorAlexander wrote:
           | Is the producing part correct? My understanding is that once
           | cooled they reject magnetic fields, not produce them.
           | According to wikipedia:
           | 
           | "The Meissner effect (or Meissner-Ochsenfeld effect) is the
           | expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during
           | its transition to the superconducting state when it is cooled
           | below the critical temperature. This expulsion will repel a
           | nearby magnet."
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meissner_effect
        
       | SomeRndName11 wrote:
       | Nature is not the same magazine it used to be. After the
       | "Proximal Origins" paper especially.
        
         | onychomys wrote:
         | That wasn't published in Nature, but in Nature Medicine, a
         | separate journal.
        
           | SomeRndName11 wrote:
           | Is it really an important distinction? They are owned and run
           | by the same people - Springer Nature.
        
       | merman wrote:
       | "The first attempts to replicate LK-99, reported in the past
       | days, have not improved the material's prospects. " This to me is
       | sort of a summary of Nature's position.
       | 
       | Reframing- there is no reason to change from the default position
       | of skepticism - that the material is uninteresting.
       | 
       | If you ignore the viral hype, and only pay attention to the
       | replication attempts: They have been rushed. They lack rigor.
       | Still, the summation of their findings is reason to think there
       | is something very interesting going on with this material.
       | 
       | I do see some manic hysteria. I understand the urge to push back
       | on that. It's smart to advise people to maintain skepticism. But
       | if you do not think that the replication attempts are an
       | indication that there is something there, I think it's because
       | you have some sort of error in reasoning.
        
         | Lewton wrote:
         | I do not think that the argument is that the material is
         | -uninteresting-, there's just plenty of reasons to believe it
         | might not be a superconductor
        
       | emtel wrote:
       | There seems to be a group of people who have appointed themselves
       | the science police. If you are excited about a tantalizing
       | phenomenon that has yet to withstand expert scrutiny, you can
       | expect to hear from them!
       | 
       | I do not understand this mentality. There is no conflict between
       | these two statements:
       | 
       | - LK99 cannot be considered a proven superconductor until there
       | have been multiple replications that withstand expert scrutiny.
       | 
       | - The evidence that is freely available on twitter and elsewhere
       | right now is worth getting excited about.
       | 
       | Look, this isn't like Covid, where at least there is some public
       | interest served by a skeptical approach to treatments. At least
       | for the next six months or so, LK99 is an almost purely
       | scientific topic with almost no wider implications.
       | 
       | But people love to clutch their pearls - I have read twitter
       | commentators claiming they are concerned that amateur replicators
       | may get lead poisoning! Lead, while dangerous, is not polonium or
       | something - there are plenty of reasons people choose to tolerate
       | some exposure (recreational shooting, civil aviation,
       | fishing...), all of which I would consider less compelling that
       | what may be the biggest scientific breakthrough in decades. I do
       | not think people are truly concerned about lead exposure, I think
       | they want people to "stay in their lanes". An attitude that I
       | find detestable.
       | 
       | The fact that such a (possible) enormous breakthrough is within
       | the reach of chemistry amateurs is wonderful! Everybody who has
       | the equipment, knowledge, and inclination to attempt a
       | replication should do so, and if you do, I hope you will post
       | videos online so I can cheer you on.
        
         | influxmoment wrote:
         | The science police want to keep their authority. Evidence on
         | Twitter isn't real evidence unless it had been endorsed by the
         | science police
        
         | ecshafer wrote:
         | I am very bullish on LK99, but it is of course with the caveat
         | that it needs replication. I am not seeing anyone not saying
         | that. One of the big exciting things about it has been that
         | there HAS been some replication, between simulations and
         | science. This article is too incredulous and does get a bit of
         | "science police" feel.
         | 
         | In the 1800s people were often inventing and researching in
         | their garage labs, we need more amateur science not less.
        
         | SubiculumCode wrote:
         | The only downside is disappointment after great excitement, and
         | the animosity it can create towards the field's viability.
        
           | emtel wrote:
           | I think we are witnessing that animosity right now, and if I
           | understand correctly, it seems to be the result of
           | (allegedly) fraudulent claims that people got excited about,
           | e.g. Ranga Dias.
           | 
           | But I have seen absolutely no evidence that anybody is acting
           | in bad faith here, and so I see no reason to treat this the
           | way we ought to treat fraud.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | That depends on how it all crashes. If it was fraud, then
           | yes. But there are ways in which it can crash that would
           | result in more funding to rule out spurious or transient
           | effects that by themselves suggest interesting areas of
           | research.
           | 
           | But yes, the chance of a 'superconductivity winter' is
           | definitely there. What surprises me is how this whole thing
           | has blown up. People that would not be able to tell a copper
           | wire from an aluminum one are talking about superconductors.
           | That really gets me, why the sudden massive interest?
        
             | SubiculumCode wrote:
             | I think there is a number of reasons this blew up, but I
             | think the biggest one is the lack of good news.
             | 
             | We all see weirder weather than we used to and man made
             | climate change is implicated.
             | 
             | War in Ukraine.
             | 
             | Tensions with China.
             | 
             | Political turmoil in the U.S. with small minorities driving
             | the news cycle with crazy talk.
             | 
             | We just got through COVID, and hopefully end of the
             | inflation scare.
             | 
             | Housing prices suck the hope out of most on a daily basis.
             | 
             | Suddenly, a miracle material seems to appear that could
             | change the game at so many levels, not owned by one
             | corporation or country. And its a magnet, and everyone
             | loves magnets....its the one things we've all experienced
             | that feels like magic...and that magic was going to save
             | us.
             | 
             | So yeah. That's my diagnosis.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Interesting, there may be something to your observation.
               | It also explains why you get these 'fireman rescues cat'
               | news articles, even when there is plenty of other news,
               | most of it very negative. And guess what then gets talked
               | about.
        
             | emtel wrote:
             | > People that would not be able to tell a copper wire from
             | an aluminum one are talking about superconductors
             | 
             | i know this was hyperbole, but I think the fact that it is
             | almost certainly false is important.
             | 
             | I think the reason that people are so excited is that you
             | can learn the basic facts about superconductivity in a few
             | hours on wikipedia. The basics are not that complicated:
             | Superconductors have zero resistance below a critical
             | temperature, are diamagnetic due to induced eddy currents
             | that cancel out magnetic fields, and the high temperature
             | ones exhibit "flux pinning" where magnetic field lines can
             | get stuck at defects in the material, leading to stable
             | levitation.
             | 
             | Having learned all this over the past week, I certainly
             | don't consider myself an expert. I'm well aware I don't
             | know 10% of what a first year physics grad student probably
             | knows. But it's enough to follow along, and ask basic
             | questions. Its _okay_ for people to do this even if they
             | aren't remotely qualified to make final judgments about
             | LK99.
             | 
             | To me it seems no more improper than someone talking
             | excitedly about the rocket equation or orbital mechanics
             | even though they don't have an aerospace degree.
             | 
             | As for why the sudden massive interest? Why wouldn't there
             | be massive interest? Its a huge potential breakthrough,
             | with multiple claimed reproductions already, and, most
             | astonishingly, it could have been discovered (though not
             | understood) in the 19th century! Maybe even earlier! Of
             | course the fact that something so basic was just lying
             | around waiting to be found is generating interest!
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | > The basics are not that complicated
               | 
               | I know what you're getting at but your list isn't the
               | 'basics', those are the symptoms. It's like saying you
               | understand the basics about cancer because tumors grow
               | and people die. It doesn't even begin to scratch the
               | surface and it certainly isn't the basics, it is just the
               | part that laypeople (myself included) see when looking
               | from the outside in.
               | 
               | The 'basics' not being so simple is exactly why the
               | search for conveniently usable superconductors is an
               | ongoing thing after a century. Copper wire was solved on
               | the day we needed it, and even if it would not have
               | worked we would have had a whole bunch of fall back
               | materials available.
        
               | emtel wrote:
               | I didn't say "the basics of superconductor theory" I said
               | "the basic facts about superconductors", and I stand by
               | my claim that those facts are enough to form an opinion
               | about LK99 that is "above the noise floor", if you will.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Ermm, no, that was a literal quote, as you can see from
               | your own comment halfway up the page.
               | 
               | And those bits aren't nearly enough to form an opinion
               | about LK99, it may be enough to form an opinion about
               | what the appearance of a generic, cheap room temperature
               | super conductor might do for the world from a lay persons
               | perpective. But it doesn't say _anything_ about LK99.
        
       | moh_maya wrote:
       | Its a bit surprising to see a journal like nature effectively
       | whine about replication efforts falling short in what's likely a
       | very temperamental, context / environment influenced synthesis
       | process of a new composition. Its not going to work immediately.
       | 
       | Even if it is a real breakthrough, material synthesis of a new
       | material in any lab, and doing so reproducibly, is tricky enough
       | that I am absolutely not going to infer / conclude from, or pass
       | any comment on any replication efforts this early into the
       | process. Its going to be an iterative process - which means one
       | has to start somewhere.
       | 
       | Some of the quoted folks come across (to me) as just peevish.
       | 
       | Derek Lowe [0] has a far more balanced take on it, IMO.
       | 
       | His article was discussed on HN a few days ago [1].
       | 
       | [0] https://www.science.org/content/blog-post/room-
       | temperature-s...
       | 
       | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36957678
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | photonerd wrote:
         | Natures op-ed articles are very low quality pop-sci trash,
         | unfortunately. It's made all the more galling because their
         | long form in-depth content is still _great_.
         | 
         | Guess it's the price they pay to remain solvent in the
         | clickbait age.
         | 
         | Really all anyone--Nature included--can say at this point is
         | there's _something_ interesting going on. It may or may not be
         | a super-conductor, but it's certainly interesting.
        
         | objektif wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
           | macawfish wrote:
           | It's been like that since forever. A lot of scientists are so
           | terrified to come across as disrespectful of orthodoxy that
           | they'd never publicly entertain unconventional ideas. The
           | risks of shaming, name-calling ("crackpot",
           | "pseudoscientist", "quack", "fraud", "idiot", "fool") and
           | funding loss constantly loom for a lot of people. And let's
           | not pretend this doesn't have everything to do with money and
           | politics. People and institutions deeply invested in, and
           | cushioned by, status quo norms have every incentive to get
           | nervous about disruption.
           | 
           | I have to admit: I get some satisfaction watching naysayer
           | rationalists get it wrong time and time again. Grumpy, mean
           | people who can't see the big picture for ass but make
           | categorical, reductionist big picture claims (e.g. about
           | impossibilities) under the guise of rationalism, they're
           | quite often just wrong, because the map is not the territory.
           | The longer you cling to a crusty old map, the more likely it
           | is that eventually you'll get lost, though you might never
           | admit it to yourself.
           | 
           | Then there are the people who carefully balance their
           | skepticism with open minded curiosity and a sense of
           | imagination, who are interested and engaged in the social
           | exchange of ideas and perspectives. They're often more quiet,
           | less attention seeking, less worried about determining who's
           | "wrong" and who's "right".
           | 
           | That's why I enjoy Quanta magazine. They profile all kinds of
           | people doing real, interesting, groundbreaking work, people
           | who aren't sitting around playing clout games. They tell
           | stories about the collaborative relationships that make
           | science possible.
        
             | casey2 wrote:
             | And then there's the 99.9% of people who completely ignore
             | the "crusty old map" of science and get scammed by grifters
             | selling them a brand-new fantasy map every other week.
             | 
             | You don't have the right to be curious about anything until
             | you have at least glanced at the real map. And you deserve
             | to be shamed as a crackpot, pseudoscientist, quack and
             | fraud if you are.
        
               | macawfish wrote:
               | "The right to be curious"? "The real map"? We clearly
               | have very different worldviews.
        
         | rex_lupi wrote:
         | After going through the article, I'm absolutely surprised that
         | one can publish such low effort (oped) articles on nature.com;
         | perhaps lazy me should also give it a shot. Didn't care to
         | check the author's credentials: if he is sort of a big name guy
         | so Nature didn't bother with quality control.
        
       | v3ss0n wrote:
       | Nature is an online sensational clickbait magazine for a decade
        
         | zaebal wrote:
         | extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence
        
         | mrd3v0 wrote:
         | Could you please elaborate further?
        
       | lordnacho wrote:
       | I don't know what to think. Wasn't there an article earlier today
       | showing the video of the speck of LK-99 standing up in the tube?
       | 
       | Also, why does the chunk in the image levitate in a stable
       | manner? As in, why doesn't it slide off to one side, like it
       | would if you just tried to balance two north ends of a magnet on
       | each other?
        
         | serf wrote:
         | >Also, why does the chunk in the image levitate in a stable
         | manner?
         | 
         | I don't know what this new thing is, but isn't
         | 'locking'/'pinning' a known characteristic of superconductors
         | otherwise?
         | 
         | that's the whole point of the 'train track' demo they do with
         | cold superconductors for college kids.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | jonny_eh wrote:
         | Meissner effect: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meissner_effect
        
           | lordnacho wrote:
           | Yes but why does expelling the magnetic field make it hover
           | stably instead of just falling out of the side of the field
           | it's in?
        
             | bhattid wrote:
             | When a superconductor interacts with a magnetic field,
             | currents generate at the surface of the superconductor that
             | will produce their own magnetic field, which cancels the
             | external one. The superconductor doesn't fall out to the
             | sides because the field gets cancelled and there's no net
             | force acting on the conductor.
             | 
             | There can still be torque (i.e. rotations) for type I
             | superconductors, and type II superconductors when they're
             | fully superconducting. I'm not familiar with how the
             | specific dynamics work though - I'm guessing it's related
             | to gravity?
        
             | bazodedo wrote:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flux_pinning
        
             | space_fountain wrote:
             | I think that for true hovering demos the trick is to cool
             | the super conductor to below its critical point while it's
             | already inside the magnetic field. Then any way you move it
             | will immediately induce a reacting current in the
             | superconductor that will move it back into place. Exactly
             | the same place since it's a super conductor and has 0
             | resistance. I think in these demos though it is the fact
             | that one side is heavier and dragging that's leading it to
             | stay in place
        
             | robinduckett wrote:
             | My laymen's interpretation is that superconductors
             | perfectly expel the magnetic field without distorting the
             | field and so can sit in a position that is effectively
             | locked and held in position. I could be completely wrong
             | however.
        
               | bhattid wrote:
               | There's a noticeable distortion of the magnetic field
               | near the superconductor. It's this distortion that keeps
               | the superconductor stable - it's caused currents that
               | appear on the surface which match and cancel* the
               | surrounding field.
               | 
               | *some of the magnetic field penetrates onto the surface
               | of the superconductor, but internally, there's 0 magnetic
               | field within the superconductor.
        
             | zrezzed wrote:
             | Afaik, your intuition is basically right! A superconductor
             | exhibiting only the Meissner effect won't hover ("pin").
             | 
             | It's a defect (where small amounts of the field _aren 't_
             | expelled) that allows for the pinning to happen:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type-
             | II_superconductor#Flux_pi...
        
       | antirez wrote:
       | This looks like a very odd statement:
       | 
       | "There's no guarantee a material that is a room-temperature
       | superconductor would be of practical use, Vishik says."
        
         | WitCanStain wrote:
         | Could be extremely expensive or impractical to produce at
         | scale, could be extremely brittle, etc.
        
         | mbauman wrote:
         | I don't think it's too hard to imagine that other
         | characteristics of the material could indeed get in the way of
         | practical applications -- perhaps brittle-ness or difficulty of
         | manufacture or challenges in making it in the appropriate forms
         | or ...
        
         | bunnie wrote:
         | Perhaps a charitable interpretation of that statement is "there
         | are years of work to go from a proof of concept to a usable
         | product". Even if LK-99 is some kind of a superconductor, there
         | are a whole host of daunting technical issues that will need to
         | be solved. For example: how do we get the yield up? How to turn
         | it into a wire? If the material is not ductile, how to form the
         | wire into a useful shape? How to reliably couple to the wire?
         | How does the material age over time and and humidity? How to
         | deposit and pattern it as a thin film?
         | 
         | We have a lot of arrows in our quiver to shoot at these
         | problems -- I would be optimistic that the promising
         | applications of a room temperature superconductor would attract
         | plenty of investment and talent. On the other hand, I imagine
         | it may take years or even decades before we have answers to
         | these hard questions. As the quote says, "there's no guarantee"
         | that we can solve them, because right now we know so little
         | about the properties of the material at this time. Of course,
         | that is no reason to throw in the towel right now!
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | deepspace wrote:
       | FTA: "Evan Zalys-Geller, a condensed matter physicist at the
       | Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, says that the
       | resistance measurement wasn't sensitive enough to distinguish
       | between a zero resistance superconductor or a low-resistance
       | metal like copper."
       | 
       | I have little knowledge of the field, but as an EE, I would have
       | thought that making sure that you are actually able to measure
       | the effect you are trying to prove would be step zero in an
       | experimental setup, no?
        
         | distortionfield wrote:
         | From what in understood, the sharp drop in resistivity was
         | consistent enough to mark as the change to superconduction
        
         | dekhn wrote:
         | People overestimate their ability to run high quality
         | scientific experiments. I think a perfect example was the claim
         | of faster than light neutrinos
         | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faster-than-
         | light_neutrino_ano...). it was experimental error. CERN sent a
         | team of smart EE/physics folks to debug it quickly. This is
         | consistent with my estimate that 90% of all physics labs aren't
         | capable of building, running, and interpreting state-of-the-art
         | scientific measurement and discovery.
        
       | Janicc wrote:
       | Didn't the indian team have a big chunky rock of LK-99?
       | Considering that the majority of researchers can at most create a
       | tiny grain of it where there's still parts of it that aren't
       | levitating, the conclusion to me is that their findings are
       | largely useless.
        
       | moultano wrote:
       | Why does the tone of this sound just like the January 2020
       | articles saying "weird nerds on twitter freaked out about viruses
       | in china when they should be worried about the flu?"
        
         | none_to_remain wrote:
         | The same "no evidence" line was used about airborne COVID-19
         | transmission the whole time that evidence mounted it was
         | airborne.
        
         | distortionfield wrote:
         | Yeah, this article has all the smacking of major news players
         | with egg on their face. Like that front page of a magazine with
         | Jeff Bezos on it mocking him for starting AWS.
        
         | woah wrote:
         | "VCs are washing their hands"
        
       | stainablesteel wrote:
       | this seems click-baity
       | 
       | but i'm glad about that, because it means communication on other
       | platforms are more effective at sharing results than an outdated
       | publishing system that drains people of their livelihood
        
       | oivey wrote:
       | This Nature article claimed that two of the Chinese labs
       | attempting replication provided XRD measurements that didn't at
       | all match what the Korean lab had. I'm not a pro in this field,
       | but XRD gives you insight into the crystalline structure of
       | materials. That suggests that whatever they made might not even
       | be LK-99. I suppose the difference could be other contamination?
       | 
       | Is my understanding right? If so, slightly shocking that these
       | replication attempts are garnering so much visibility.
        
       | consumer451 wrote:
       | Speaking of which, here is a new video with Varda - some US
       | engineers who just replicated a bit. Live stream ended 5 minutes
       | ago, not sure how long the video will stay up:
       | 
       |  _LK-99 with Varda - This Week in Startups [live video]_
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37002618
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s1o88seNB-w
        
       | NotYourLawyer wrote:
       | The original team has been working on it for 24 years (that's
       | what the 99 in the name refers to). Everyone who expected a clean
       | replication in a week was deluding themselves.
        
       | bbatsell wrote:
       | There were people complaining in earlier threads that bigger
       | publications haven't been reporting on LK-99 -- this article is a
       | perfect distillation of why. It is already significantly
       | outdated, missing out on multiple interesting findings that were
       | posted yesterday which would almost certainly have resulted in a
       | much different piece had they been available when it was reported
       | out and sources asked for comment.
        
         | ghughes wrote:
         | Notably:
         | 
         |  _Successful room temperature ambient-pressure magnetic
         | levitation of LK-99_ -
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36994214
         | 
         |  _Andrew McCalip demonstrates synthesis of LK99_ -
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36997821
        
           | Lewton wrote:
           | Notably, neither provided any extra evidence that LK-99 is a
           | superconductor
        
             | rendang wrote:
             | They provided evidence that reduces the likelihood of total
             | fraud/fabrication on the part of the original researchers,
             | though.
        
               | Lewton wrote:
               | Agreed! But I think total fraud was already ruled out
               | once the reports from chinese labs reproducing it came
               | out
        
         | Verdex wrote:
         | I'm absolutely ready to be disappointed by LK-99. Some sort of
         | fraud, some sort of experimental error, something interesting
         | that's still not a real superconductor, a real superconductor
         | but a quirk of the material means that it'll never scale past
         | being a parlor trick, whatever.
         | 
         | However, Nature weighing in that way feels premature to me.
         | It's been what ... 2 weeks? If that? Somehow it just feels that
         | something as momentous as a plausible room temperature
         | superconductor should take a bit more time to rule out as a
         | fake. Unless there's some pretty blatant fraud involved where
         | they're literally levitating it with a string.
         | 
         | Nature feels like the sort of publication where their job is to
         | have the final say after all of the dust has settled.
         | Participating in hot takes with a negative conclusion just
         | feels like they're hedging their bets. If it turns out to be
         | false then they can say that they were right at the beginning.
         | If it turns out to be true, then everyone will be so excited
         | that they'll forget about anything nature came out with.
         | 
         | Meanwhile, wikipedia feels like it has pretty objective
         | reporting on things that are actually happening more or less as
         | they're happening. It just doesn't have a narrative to go along
         | with it.
        
           | whycome wrote:
           | The simulation is just testing the release. They haven't
           | decided whether or not to make it real yet. There's a lot of
           | bureaucracy involved. Even doing this initial test caused a
           | lot of debate as it's deemed too early. If it launches, it
           | requires a lot of updates on the backend to expand.
        
         | Lewton wrote:
         | I severely doubt the nature article would look much different
         | if written today
        
       | meindnoch wrote:
       | Nature seems pretty salty about this whole thing circumventing
       | prestigious journals like theirs :D
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | b800h wrote:
         | This is it. This episode is the beginning of science moving
         | away from journals altogether.
        
         | rrrrrrrrrrrryan wrote:
         | This is the most fun hot take.
         | 
         | I still think it won't be replicated, but on the off chance
         | we've got the real deal on our hands, science publication will
         | have changed forever and this article will have aged very
         | poorly.
        
       | [deleted]
        
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