[HN Gopher] A beetle that heads for the 'back door' when eaten b...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       A beetle that heads for the 'back door' when eaten by a frog (2020)
        
       Author : redbell
       Score  : 228 points
       Date   : 2023-08-02 06:52 UTC (16 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.smithsonianmag.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.smithsonianmag.com)
        
       | jwcacces wrote:
       | The beetle crawled to freedom through five hundred yards of shit-
       | smelling foulness I can't even imagine. Or maybe I just don't
       | want to. The length of five football fields. Just shy of half a
       | mile. I guess it comes down to a simple choice. Get busy living
       | or get busy dying.
        
         | chongli wrote:
         | Thanks! This beetle reminded me of Andy Dufresne as well! What
         | a champion of survival this little creature is!
        
           | ncr100 wrote:
           | That person was also referenced in the videogame Trover Saves
           | the Universe:
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GtiqS1l_SbM Very NSFW
           | language.
           | 
           | Hilarious, foul and disgusting coprophilia .. "back magic".
        
         | waltwalther wrote:
         | Impossible not to read in Morgan Freeman's voice. This might be
         | the best comment I have ever seen on HN. Thank you.
        
         | warent wrote:
         | For anyone wondering apparently this is a play on a quote from
         | Shawshank Redemption, (I've never seen the movie!)
         | 
         | https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0111161/characters/nm0000151
        
           | ManuelKiessling wrote:
           | Dude put down whatever you are doing and watch that movie
           | right now!
        
             | hackernewds wrote:
             | Why!
        
               | teknico wrote:
               | Because it's a friggin' masterpiece, that's why.
        
       | SkipperCat wrote:
       | This beats every post Ive seen on Reddit's r/prolifetip.
        
       | Dowwie wrote:
       | When you're going through hell, keep going
        
       | LanceH wrote:
       | Topologically, the beetle was never inside the frog.
        
         | qazpot wrote:
         | The beetle fell into a hole and came out the otherside.
        
           | LanceH wrote:
           | Same side. The frog can be modelled as a torus for purposes
           | of this beetle's navigation.
        
             | euroderf wrote:
             | Well then, we're all just talking donuts that absolutely
             | ruin perfectly good food.
        
       | drbig wrote:
       | > were able to make the trip in a minimum time of six minutes.
       | (The longest journey took about four hours, per Wired.)
       | 
       | Between 6 and 240 minutes... How come such a wild range? Some
       | take time sightseeing?
        
         | burnished wrote:
         | If you get turned around and try to head in the wrong direction
         | you just aren't going to make any headway.
        
           | myspy wrote:
           | Because when he's turning around, he's making his way to the
           | head.
        
         | nwatson wrote:
         | Experience. For some it's the third time.
        
         | wanderingstan wrote:
         | I would imagine it also has something to do with their relative
         | sizes, and how full the frogs digestive system was at the
         | start.
        
           | drbig wrote:
           | Gives a nice mental image for "digging through shit".
           | _Literally!_
        
         | NoMoreNicksLeft wrote:
         | If you had ever watched the documentary, you'd know that
         | Lemmiwinks must overcome many obstacles and trials to escape.
        
           | passion__desire wrote:
           | The Hero's Journey. Joseph Campbell must be proud.
        
           | froggit wrote:
           | If Lemmiwinks was one of these beetles he'd have simply
           | turned around and gone out the same way he went in xD
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | tamimio wrote:
       | What's the point of escaping when you are going to be swallowed
       | again? (I think that frog ate it after, but the video cut before
       | that)
        
         | hackernewds wrote:
         | Free waterslide
        
       | zabzonk wrote:
       | definite Ig Nobel Prize candidate
        
       | Jenkins7654 wrote:
       | Thanks for sharing this.
        
       | dreamcompiler wrote:
       | Ze Frank is probably working on his doc about this right now.
        
       | HarHarVeryFunny wrote:
       | Inspiration for this ?
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B-pDUO-epfg
        
       | jakzurr wrote:
       | I see a real benefit to the beetle, if it can get out. But I'm
       | wondering, is there any benefit to the frog from consuming this
       | type of "fiber"?
        
         | bentobean wrote:
         | Interesting. Free colon cleanse. Now we just need to find the
         | beetle species that can perform the same feat in humans.
        
           | beeforpork wrote:
           | Maybe the same beetle would work. Has anyone tried?
        
             | throwanem wrote:
             | A human has a much longer gut.
        
               | chongli wrote:
               | Sure though the deadliest part, the stomach, is not that
               | long.
        
               | throwanem wrote:
               | Granted, but I'm thinking more about how long the beetle
               | can survive without access to air.
        
               | UnFleshedOne wrote:
               | That's an aquatic beetle, a lot of those store their own
               | air supply under their wings...
        
               | throwanem wrote:
               | Oh, I didn't know that! I can't get to the citation, but
               | per Wikipedia [1] Hydrophilidae, the family in which this
               | beetle is classified, do have that capability. Whether
               | even with an air bubble they can hold out long enough is
               | a separate question, as is whether their also-mentioned
               | ability to extract usable oxygen from ambient water would
               | be helpful in this environment - but being able to carry
               | air under their elytra would certainly improve their
               | odds.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrophilidae
        
           | ralgozino wrote:
           | I guess you've never eaten boiled corn grains
        
         | jkubicek wrote:
         | Have you ever had an itch that you just can't reach?
        
       | tsavo wrote:
       | Unintentional spelunking by a beetle
        
       | thecodeboy wrote:
       | I feel bad for the beetle in this experiment. It must have spent
       | a lot of its energy reserve to emerge out of the frog, probably
       | to have been swallowed again.
        
         | hutzlibu wrote:
         | "probably to have been swallowed again"
         | 
         | Likely not. Animal trials are usually one use, to get the best
         | data. And the animals in use get usually killed afterwards
         | anyway. If you like animals, you probably do not want to learn
         | too many details about it all.
        
           | CaptainNegative wrote:
           | If you truly like animals, you probably want to learn all
           | about it and see what you can do to stop it.
        
           | jonasdegendt wrote:
           | This depends, I used to work at a biotech company and when
           | the dogs there were retired from their trial, the employees
           | would typically "adopt" them and try and give them another
           | good couple of months.
           | 
           | They usually didn't make it very long but it's something.
           | This was dogs though, so advanced stages of the trial, early
           | stage vermin definitely didn't get the same treatment.
           | 
           | Side story: I did IT there and could access just about any
           | building on campus, but whenever I had to go to the animal
           | testing building to do whatever maintenance it was, I had a
           | security guard escort and loom over me wherever I went. From
           | what I was told they had an animal rights group infiltrate
           | and attempt to release all of the animals a couple of years
           | before.
        
             | NoZebra120vClip wrote:
             | In the 1980s, Skinny Puppy was a popular band in the clubs
             | and my social circles. Animal welfare was a real issue
             | already. I purchased this album that was a fundraiser for
             | the Animal Liberation Front, and really, my main takeaway
             | from this smash hit song would be the horrors of
             | Thalidomide and its devastating effects on the poor
             | children and childbearing/pregnant mothers, in countries
             | where the drug factories really didn't care about safety or
             | humans or animals (I suppose that describes all of them).
             | 
             | https://youtu.be/bVnVcbuoyWU
        
             | stevezsa8 wrote:
             | I can believe that.
             | 
             | I went to a vegan restaurant once and met some randoms in
             | London, I think it was a meetup.com thing. And one lady was
             | telling me how she would happily take a lead pipe and hurt
             | people working in animal testing.
             | 
             | I was shocked that someone would would share their violent
             | ideals with a total stranger. I mean I could have been an
             | undercover policeman or something...
             | 
             | And just to be clear, I definitely don't think hurting
             | humans is a good idea.
        
               | vidarh wrote:
               | Especially would think someone with those kinds of views
               | would be aware of the rather well publicised sordid
               | history of UK police with infiltrating animal rights
               | groups and been more cautious. Unless she _was_ an
               | undercover cop out fishing (I don 't think it's _likely_
               | , but who knows).
        
               | hutzlibu wrote:
               | "I mean I could have been an undercover policeman or
               | something..."
               | 
               | If the police wanted to bust people hypothetically
               | threatening other people with violence, they just have to
               | look on social media a bit. But as far as I know, a vague
               | hypothetical threat like this, would probably be
               | dismissed by a court. I rather know, that there are many
               | people walking freely around who do make not cague, but
               | concrete threats to concrete people and the police
               | usually says, they cannot do anything.
        
               | vidarh wrote:
               | UK police has a multiple decades long history of
               | infiltration of animal rights groups, though. They likely
               | wouldn't try to act on a non-specific threat like that,
               | because you're right it probably would get dismissed, but
               | it's the kind of thing that certainly could trigger
               | unwanted attention.
        
         | quijoteuniv wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
         | hackernewds wrote:
         | There is a version of beetle that incapacitates the frog's legs
         | and eats it slowly while it is immobilized. Nature is metal.
        
         | Natsu wrote:
         | Well the one where they immobilized the legs just got eaten,
         | so... yeah.
         | 
         | The photos of the escape make me imagine the world's strangest
         | motivational "hang in there" type of poster.
        
           | tanseydavid wrote:
           | I think they should rename the insect to the "Andy Dufresne
           | Beetle" -- the escape totally reminds me of _Shawshank
           | Redemption_.
        
           | AdamN wrote:
           | "Never say Never!" "There is no try, only do"
        
             | gcanyon wrote:
             | "There is no try, only doo doo"
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | hhh wrote:
         | One must imagine the beetle happy
         | 
         |  _Duster -- Me And The Birds starts playing_
        
       | beeforpork wrote:
       | OMG, this detail -- it itches already:
       | 
       | > Sugiura suspects that the beetles also use their legs to
       | stimulate the frog's cloacal sphincter, causing it to defecate.
       | However, he'll need to run more tests to be sure...
        
       | redbell wrote:
       | So, the whole journey of the beetle be like: _f(x)=x_
        
         | dev_tty01 wrote:
         | You left off a term: _F(x) = x + S_
        
       | thih9 wrote:
       | > covered in feces, but otherwise active and seemingly healthy
       | 
       | The accuracy and level of detail makes me speechless.
       | 
       | Then again, I saw the title and continued reading, so I knew what
       | I was getting into.
       | 
       | At least I have more vocabulary for when my dog rolls in
       | something on a walk.
        
         | rob74 wrote:
         | Yes, "my dog is covered in feces" does sound more elegant than
         | "my dog just rolled in sh*t" - but how you articulate it
         | doesn't improve the situation if the dog in question is sitting
         | next to you...
        
           | VeninVidiaVicii wrote:
           | ...but otherwise active and seemingly healthy!
           | 
           | A hilarious non-sequitur for the dog scenario.
        
       | BaseballPhysics wrote:
       | This feels like a perfect metaphor for my career to date...
        
       | emiliobumachar wrote:
       | How does it breathe in there?
        
         | rob74 wrote:
         | It's a water beetle
         | (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_beetle), that probably
         | helps.
        
       | 1-6 wrote:
       | It makes me wonder what other living organisms are able to defeat
       | the digestive tract and continue living once it is expelled out
       | of the host. There has to be a name for this phenomenon.
        
       | mufty wrote:
       | This is such an interesting read. I'm wondering if this behavior
       | is only observed between this Japanese frog and beetle, or
       | perhaps it's spread throughout nature.
        
         | Keysh wrote:
         | From the article
         | 
         | "He found that the beetles had similarly high success rates
         | with four other frog species....
         | 
         | "When swallowed, other similar water beetles were killed and
         | digested by the frog...."
        
       | tosser0001 wrote:
       | I like how the diagram is captioned "A hypothetical escape route
       | ..." as if the frog's gut were a cave system with different
       | potential passageways and not a single path out
        
       | JKCalhoun wrote:
       | "Well, you wouldn't shit me now, would you?"
       | 
       | (Sorry, it's the oh-so-appropriate punch line from a joke in
       | _McCabe and Mrs. Miller_ (1971).)
        
       | i_k_k wrote:
       | "According to a Kobe University statement, this study marks the
       | first time that researchers have witnessed prey quickly and
       | actively escape the body of its predator after being eaten."
       | 
       | I present my favorite video of the rough-skinned newt "actively
       | escaping" from a bullfrog's body after being eaten:
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/kvBi5Wv8-qg?t=99
        
       | tiarafawn wrote:
       | Reminds me of the German poem "Storch und Schleiche" [1] (LLM
       | translation):                 A stork once strolled by the pond's
       | edge,       where he spotted a blind slow-worm, a hedge.
       | The stork exclaimed, "Oh, this is quite grand!"       and
       | devoured it, all, without a reprimand.            The slow-worm
       | lay in the stork's belly,       and both found this situation
       | rather smelly.       The blind slow-worm then spoke with dismay,
       | "Such horror!" and slipped through the back door away.
       | The stork, vexed by this unhappy twist,       couldn't believe
       | he'd let the slow-worm persist.       So, without hesitation or
       | delay,       he ate the slow-worm again the same way.
       | He cleverly wedged the back door tight,       so the blind slow-
       | worm could not escape his sight.       The stork called in, with
       | a cunning tone:       "Well, if you can, try escaping on your
       | own!"            The sly slow-worm found the front door clear,
       | and promptly made his escape with no fear.       But the stork,
       | filled with anger and spite,       ate the slow-worm once more,
       | sealing his plight.            In a crafty invention, the stork's
       | mind did revel,       he connected both doors to secure his prey
       | well.       Then, addressing the slow-worm inside without fail,
       | "Now get ready for a round trip, without fail!"
       | 
       | [1] https://www.schwaben-kultur.de/home/stat/larchiv/447.html
        
         | ihaveajob wrote:
         | Inspiration for The Human Centipede?
        
       | andrewstuart wrote:
       | A talent I have always personally wished to have, but never
       | succeeded in.
        
         | mongol wrote:
         | Have you tried?
        
         | MidnightRider39 wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
           | krisoft wrote:
           | > Speak for yourself
           | 
           | He very clearly did.
        
       | coryfklein wrote:
       | Whoever wrote this is genius, how many times in your career do
       | you get the opportunity to write this stuff. So many amazing
       | quotes in this article, I'm dying. 10/10 would read again.
        
         | tchaffee wrote:
         | https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/when-beetle-gets-e...
        
       | thaumasiotes wrote:
       | This is why you chew your food.
        
         | praptak wrote:
         | Most frogs don't have teeth though.
        
           | tchaffee wrote:
           | https://i.pinimg.com/736x/c0/64/72/c0647299ff0863268d4adafd9.
           | ..
        
         | bmitc wrote:
         | I get this is a joke, but just bouncing off: don't humans
         | mainly need to chew food because we have a terrible design and
         | evolution put our lifeline of air intake in a tiny hole behind
         | a flap right where we swallow food in a small, relatively
         | inflexible tube and location?
        
           | krisoft wrote:
           | Absolutely. But at least we (and all other animals with a
           | secondary palate) can chew while breathing. I heard that
           | before that has evolved it put a severe caloric disadvantage
           | on the animals since one was limited in how much chewing can
           | happen by the need to breath.
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_palate#Evolution
        
             | KineticLensman wrote:
             | > But at least we (and all other animals with a secondary
             | palate) can chew while breathing
             | 
             | Interestingly, sprint predators such as cheetahs have to
             | pause to get their breath back after a fast chase before
             | they can eat their prey. In contrast, raptors such as
             | falcons can eat immediately after a kill because they don't
             | get out of breath in the same way. The avian respiratory
             | system is actually quite different to ours, with relatively
             | rigid lungs, separate air sacs to pump the air, and a one-
             | way flow through the lungs, in contrast to mammalian lungs
             | where the air goes in and out through the same pipe, and
             | the lungs act as bellows as well as gas transfer devices.
        
           | dev_tty01 wrote:
           | I think we have to know the order in which these features
           | occurred. As others pointed out, chewing has other benefits.
           | Maybe evolution took advantage of chewing to change the air
           | intake design for some other advantage.
        
           | thaumasiotes wrote:
           | No. It's true that other animals don't have the difficulty
           | with choking on food that we do. But it's not true that other
           | animals don't chew their food. You chew your food to make it
           | easier to digest and so that it will fit down your throat.
           | 
           | And, if it's alive, so that it will be dead instead.
        
             | midoridensha wrote:
             | >And, if it's alive, so that it will be dead instead.
             | 
             | For most animals, this is true I think. But frogs seem to
             | be perfectly happy swallowing live prey whole. You can see
             | videos of frogs eating live mice!
        
             | bmitc wrote:
             | > But it's not true that other animals don't chew their
             | food.
             | 
             | I didn't say that.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | If you claim that humans chew their food because their
               | throats are uniquely vulnerable to choking, you have also
               | claimed that animals without such awkward throats don't
               | need to chew their food.
               | 
               | Putting things another way, just a few minutes of
               | observation are sufficient to demonstrate that running
               | the air intake past the esophagus is so irrelevant to the
               | purpose of chewing that the absence of that problem does
               | not affect the behavior in any way.
        
               | actionfromafar wrote:
               | Isn't that logic in reverse?
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | No. The two claims are contrapositives of each other:
               | 
               | 1. Chewing -> bad throat
               | 
               | 2. Good throat -> no chewing
        
             | hutzlibu wrote:
             | Cows and animals alike (ruminant) basically chew all day
             | and they bring the food back from the stomach to chew it
             | again. Otherwise they cannot get enough nutrients out of
             | gras and co.
        
             | Xylakant wrote:
             | Quite a few animals chew their food multiple times for more
             | effective digestion - cows for example. Plant fibers are
             | notoriously hard to break down. Horses don't and if you
             | compare the digestion results, you'll see a significant
             | difference between horse dung and cow dung.
        
               | adrian_b wrote:
               | Besides the ruminants, there are also other animals, the
               | best known being the rabbits, which are not able to
               | reverse the direction of the food to bring it back from
               | the stomach into the mouth, so after a one-way passage of
               | the food through their bodies they must eat it again, to
               | chew it for the second time.
        
               | chongli wrote:
               | Yeah. Horses are so inefficient at digestion that the
               | largest breeds (such as Clydesdales) would starve to
               | death in huge fields of grass. They can only survive by
               | being fed copious amounts of grain such as oats.
        
               | dev_tty01 wrote:
               | Hmm. Do you have a reference for that? From what I have
               | read, Clydesdales are fine on good pasture (hay in the
               | winter), but they won't be able to do much if any work if
               | they don't get additional feed. They would also likely
               | not be as muscled as a horse with supplemental feed. A
               | clydesdale raised on pasture only might also end up
               | smaller, but they won't starve to death, assuming it is
               | quality pasture.
        
               | chongli wrote:
               | I'm talking about a large breed raised on grain and then
               | suddenly switched to pasture -- not one raised on pasture
               | its whole life -- as you might see with a retired working
               | animal. They may not literally starve to death, but they
               | will lose a lot of muscle mass and may get sick and die
               | from that, or may struggle to survive the winter.
        
               | the_sleaze9 wrote:
               | Given a sample size of my dog, I believe chewing is only
               | necessary for making bland food more delicious. The more
               | yummy the food, the less my dog chews it - thoroughly
               | chewing dry kibble and culminating in literally inhaling
               | something like roast chicken.
               | 
               | Thus, it's because grass and weeds are bland and lacking
               | in tasty fat that bovines and ruminants chew their food
               | for so long and so many times.
        
           | donatzsky wrote:
           | No. It's actually important for an effective digestion. Not
           | just because smaller pieces are easier to break down, but
           | because the enzymes in the saliva start the process.
        
             | bmitc wrote:
             | Digestion is important but I think being able to breath is
             | more important. Poor digestion won't kill you as readily as
             | suffocation or pneumonia from aspiration. They, being
             | protecting food from blocking or entering the trachea and
             | digestion, both seem pretty important as part of the whole
             | chewing system, so I don't think it's a plain "No". I
             | should correct my original comment from mainly to one of
             | the main reasons.
        
               | rex_lupi wrote:
               | Do you know how snakes "eat"?
        
               | saalweachter wrote:
               | Chickens have no teeth, but they chew their food (the
               | food is first stored in their crop, along with gravel,
               | where it is "chewed" before passing to the stomach.)
        
               | MayeulC wrote:
               | Well, sort of, it's the gizzard that "chews" it, not the
               | crop.
        
           | cityofdelusion wrote:
           | Humans don't _need_ to chew their food at all. If there is
           | enough moisture, you can swallow most foods whole in chunks.
           | Chewing is part of the digestive process (especially for
           | plant material) to increase the surface area of the food.
           | Even carnivores with huge throats and few or no molars can be
           | observed chewing certain foods.
        
           | mongol wrote:
           | I fail to see how we represent terrible design. Most animals
           | our size need to chew food with their mouth, and of them I
           | can't think of any more successful than us, evolutionary
           | speaking.
        
             | falcor84 wrote:
             | The fact that our species is successful doesn't mean that
             | every mechanism in our bodies is good. There are a lot of
             | "design decisions" which could have been improved if they
             | had gone through a review, rather than evolution.
             | 
             | One such example is the way our retinas are wired to the
             | optic nerve on the inside of the eye, rather than behind,
             | causing us to have a "blind spot" where the nerve fibres
             | need to go back. In some other animals, particularly the
             | octopus, the retina is wired the "right way", such that
             | they don't have a blind spot.
             | 
             | Same for the design of our pharynx, larynx and esophagus.
             | As mentioned in sibling comments, other animals suffer from
             | choking much less, as compared to humans, where we have ~5k
             | deaths/year from choking just in the US [0].
             | 
             | [0]https://www.statista.com/statistics/527321/deaths-due-
             | to-cho...
        
               | DrThunder wrote:
               | In order for you to subjectively label it terrible you
               | need to present a bad outcome from the design.
               | Evolutionary/objectively, it's not a bad design.
        
               | mongol wrote:
               | Nor does it mean it is terrible. That is the kind of
               | exaggregation I reacted on.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | NoZebra120vClip wrote:
             | How do you define and measure evolutionary "success"? By
             | what mechanisms is it achieved?
        
               | mongol wrote:
               | It is described by Dawkins et al.
        
               | praptak wrote:
               | You don't. It is not even agreed upon that evolution
               | optimizes <<something>>.
               | 
               | And even if you agree that evolution is an optimization
               | process, attempts to define its objective function run
               | into problems with tautology and circular definitions
               | once you move beyond simple examples.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | For a cross-species comparison, you'd usually measure
               | evolutionary success in terms of biomass. More is better.
        
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