[HN Gopher] Airlines are a lot like central banks (2020)
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       Airlines are a lot like central banks (2020)
        
       Author : flygurl
       Score  : 76 points
       Date   : 2023-07-31 15:27 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (abroaden.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (abroaden.substack.com)
        
       | jpcfl wrote:
       | Side bar: Does anybody else dislike this one-sentence-per-
       | paragraph format?
        
         | ada1981 wrote:
         | I dislike it less than the hyphen-between-every-word format.
        
           | jpcfl wrote:
           | You sound like a run-of-the-mill chocolate-chip-loving stay-
           | at-home mother-in-law.
        
         | cratermoon wrote:
         | I dislike it, but there's something maybe related to it that I
         | do like and recommend. Unsurprisingly, it appeared here on HN
         | about a year ago. One sentence per line:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31808093
         | 
         | I started writing like that after I saw it here and it's
         | definitely improved my writing process. Note that this is _not_
         | one sentence per paragraph. After my source writing (in
         | markdown) is processed to whatever output format, the
         | paragraphs look normal.
         | 
         | Just like the comment you are reading now.
        
           | jpcfl wrote:
           | Yes, I use one sentence per line for things like latex or
           | markdown, but I mainly do that because of line-based diff
           | tools.
           | 
           | For me, reading one sentence per paragraph is fine for short
           | things like comments, but I find it gets exhausting after
           | 8~10 sentences. It feels like the author is unable to focus
           | and expand on one thing, and keeps moving on new points over
           | and over again, or like every sentence is of equal importance
           | and some pivotal revelation in the story.
        
       | edpichler wrote:
       | It's different. Nowadays, central banks create money out of
       | nothing. Companies can create these loyalty points but they need
       | to pay the customer back with services when they come back to
       | exchange it.
        
       | A_Duck wrote:
       | >> Unfortunately, in the EU, rules concerning credit card
       | payments and fees make co-branded credit cards unattractive to
       | airlines and banks
       | 
       | In the EU card fees are capped and this is a good thing. AMEX
       | extracting excess fees from my local coffee shop and then giving
       | (some) of it back to me as air miles is the dysfunction.
        
         | indus wrote:
         | I was shocked to find out that there is a 3-legged marketplace
         | between acquirers, issuers, and merchants that funds a trillion
         | dollar business model where neither the merchant nor the
         | customer gets benefited.
         | 
         | Large merchants like Walmart and Amazon pay 50% less fees for
         | every dollar compared to smaller merchants---Smaller merchants
         | is the channel where the most cashback accrues to cardholders.
        
           | tracker1 wrote:
           | Costco play pretty hardball with them as well. Only
           | supporting one payment processor for CC payments. No idea
           | where their fees/margins are, but guessing they're lower than
           | just about anyone else as a merchant.
           | 
           | Winco, as a contrast doesn't even play the game at all.
        
             | gaoshan wrote:
             | Many small merchants just refuse as well. Try to use Amex
             | at the local Chinese food marts around me and they will not
             | take them (and I don't blame them).
        
           | r00fus wrote:
           | A tax by any other name... is still a tax. That it's levied
           | by our financial elite and not by the government is the more
           | concerning part.
        
             | thedaly wrote:
             | It isn't a tax if you can opt out of paying it. The part I
             | find most concerning is the shift away from accepting cash
             | at various retailers.
        
               | r00fus wrote:
               | It's still a tax even if you don't incur it by avoiding
               | the activity.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | [deleted]
        
       | jmopp wrote:
       | Relevant Wendover video: https://youtu.be/ggUduBmvQ_4
        
         | logshipper wrote:
         | Also relevant Byrne Hobart post on how frequent flyer miles
         | programs are worth more than the airlines themselves:
         | https://archive.is/yUTay
        
       | altcognito wrote:
       | Should be noted that this is from March 2020
        
       | sand500 wrote:
       | This post is from 2020 when all air travel ceased. It would be
       | nice to see an update with the new creative airline miles
       | schemes.
        
         | cratermoon wrote:
         | I 100% agree I would love to see a follow-up. The post made
         | predictions about post-pandemic air travel, I wonder if they've
         | panned out.
         | 
         | As for the new miles schemes: airlines used to publish charts
         | showing you earned for X points per mile. The shorthand "miles"
         | referring to FF points is telling. Now airlines use "Dynamic
         | award pricing". It's impossible to tell in advance how much
         | your points are worth.
         | 
         | https://thriftytraveler.com/guides/points/points-principles-...
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | OO000oo wrote:
         | Could someone elaborate? What are the new airline miles
         | schemes?
        
           | cratermoon wrote:
           | Instead of the old "fly X miles get X points", it's now "fly
           | X miles and the airline determines at the time of the flight
           | how many points its worth".
           | 
           | That trend started in 2019, but it took off as the pandemic
           | wound down.
        
             | strictnein wrote:
             | Maybe it's different for other airlines, but Delta shows
             | you the miles you'll earn when you book the flight.
        
       | wonderwonder wrote:
       | This is a pretty interesting read. There is definitely a
       | similarity to crypto currency here as well. Wonder why the SEC
       | does not categorize airline points as securities and come after
       | them...
        
         | HWR_14 wrote:
         | Because people don't buy FF points as a speculative investment.
         | If you said "I am starting wonderwonder's airline. I will only
         | sell tickets based on FFPs. I am currently selling FFPs at a
         | discount to what I will sell them at later and they are
         | transferable. You should buy them now to resell them later"
         | they would be securities.
        
           | hammock wrote:
           | >Because people don't buy FF points as a speculative
           | investment
           | 
           | Why not? People do it with forever stamps.
           | 
           | >If you said "I am starting wonderwonder's airline. I will
           | only sell tickets based on FFPs. I am currently selling FFPs
           | at a discount to what I will sell them at later and they are
           | transferable. You should buy them now to resell them later"
           | they would be securities.
           | 
           | Might as well be the way the USPS advertises forever stamps.
        
             | pgwhalen wrote:
             | You can sell forever stamps. You can't sell airline points.
        
             | HWR_14 wrote:
             | People buy stamps that are guaranteed to rise at less than
             | the rate of inflation as an investment? And the USPS
             | advertises it that way??
             | 
             | I'm not convinced. I would need some evidence of that.
             | 
             | (I am aware that stamps may be used in prison as a
             | currency, but that's a special case.)
        
         | breser wrote:
         | See the Howey Test: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/h/howey-
         | test.asp
         | 
         | Airline Miles don't grant you access to a portion of the
         | profits from the airline. They aren't an investment. They are a
         | currency for future travel.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | They're a liability of the airline, and they're an asset of
           | the customer, but they are not an investment, because they
           | can only go down in value, not up.
           | 
           | Same as gift cards.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | Sometimes the dollar price of a flight goes up but the
             | points price stays the same = points went up.
        
               | breser wrote:
               | That you can make money through arbitrage is not the
               | definition of a security. See my link above.
        
           | wonderwonder wrote:
           | Does the CC companies buying these and then granting them to
           | card holders as a reward qualify or affect the test at all?
        
         | Shawnj2 wrote:
         | You can generally only get frequently flyer points by flying on
         | an airline, and even then airlines sometimes sell points for
         | money and it's always a bad deal.
        
           | wonderwonder wrote:
           | I get them on several of my credit cards as rewards. I have
           | the option of getting FF points or something else.
        
             | Shawnj2 wrote:
             | Yes you can use other rewards programs to get frequent
             | flyer points but you could also get dollars instead if you
             | wanted
        
       | efitz wrote:
       | I just want them to upgrade my damn seat. United 1k, hundreds of
       | thousands of lifetime miles, and they almost never upgrade me
       | even with their new "plus points" model which appears just to be
       | some kind of fixed price bid for increasing your place on the
       | waitlist.
        
         | balderdash wrote:
         | It's been my experience over the past ~year (as a top-tier
         | flier on multiple airlines) that the airlines have completely
         | depreciated their frequent flyer programs to the extent that
         | regardless of your status the only thing you really get is,
         | preferred economy seating, not boarding last, and some free
         | checked bags.
         | 
         | I used to direct my spend to preferred airlines, now I don't
         | bother, it literally doesn't matter.
         | 
         | (Not to mention the ~80% devaluation in mile value)
        
           | t3rabytes wrote:
           | Platinum Medallion with Delta whose been on 30 segments this
           | year with 2! "complimentary upgrades" across those. I'm going
           | to start just booking first on the major (DL,UA,AA) with the
           | direct flight from my local airport and be done with it.
           | Loyalty doesn't buy anything when everyone has it via credit
           | cards.
        
             | quasse wrote:
             | The thing that keeps me on Delta (despite frequent flyer
             | status being worth ~nil) is that fact that they're the only
             | one out of the big three who has not frequently delayed my
             | flights by more than an hour or just cancelled them
             | outright *after* everyone has already boarded the plane.
             | 
             | Honestly, I like it this way. Provide good service ->
             | receive customer loyalty.
        
         | pknomad wrote:
         | Also United 1K here for 2 years straight.
         | 
         | It really depends on the flight segment and the seating class
         | you bought. Flying to/from the hubs? Forget it. Everyone and
         | their mother are 1K for United if you're flying from SFO.
         | United really screwed the pooch by allowing insane amount of
         | people to qualify for 1K.
         | 
         | At least you get priority boarding (assuming non-1K members
         | don't line up in 1K pre-boarding) and 1K priority support line.
        
       | bunga-bunga wrote:
       | A day doesn't go by without someone claiming a company is a bank.
       | 
       | Apple is a bank, Starbucks is a bank, my hospital is a bank, my
       | cat prints money.
        
         | mcbishop wrote:
         | > All and all, frequent flyer points are a massive business for
         | airlines. According to some valuations, these programs are
         | worth just as much as the airline itself.
         | 
         | This alternative currency that's been around long before
         | cryptocurrency... is more significant / interesting than your
         | cat printing money.
        
           | _jal wrote:
           | The original assertion is ambiguous - we can't determine if
           | the GP meant that their cat operates a printing press that
           | outputs currency, or that the cat itself outputs currency.
           | 
           | Honestly, I'd be pretty interested either way.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | If you're in the right place with heavy machinery at the
             | right time, your CAT will print money.
             | 
             | https://www.cat.com/en_US/products/new/equipment.html
        
         | albybisy wrote:
         | and this is the only the beginning. Wait until everyone can
         | create his own credits and everything is liquid and can be
         | exchanged :)
        
         | anononaut wrote:
         | They're notably distinct in that you can simply exit their
         | system and choose not to participate. Calling them banks is
         | apt, I suppose, but calling them central banks takes gravitas
         | away from the most heinous, utterly unethical institutions that
         | are the actual central banks.
        
         | banannaise wrote:
         | Just because it sounds silly on its face doesn't make it not
         | true. The basic premise is solid: many of the most successful
         | corporations today make a large portion of their profit from
         | convincing customers to park funds in their accounts, and
         | investing that money in financial instruments.
         | 
         | Everyone's got millions of unsecured creditors at zero
         | interest. What could possibly be problematic about that?
        
           | konschubert wrote:
           | The question is: What is their value add? What is their moat?
           | 
           | People call Mc Donald's a real estate fund and feel smart
           | about it, but their moat is in fast food, no matter how they
           | realise their earnings.
        
             | banannaise wrote:
             | > What is their moat?
             | 
             | That's only a useful question if you're an entrepreneur
             | trying to answer the question of "How do I get in on this
             | game?" The question currently being asked is closer to "Is
             | it a problem for society that so many players are in on
             | this game?"
             | 
             | If every big business is just a moat and/or backdoor for
             | banking, that might be indicative of a problem.
        
               | yodelshady wrote:
               | Sure but the problem might be internal find-the-lady
               | accounting.
               | 
               | In fact it probably _is_. Much like internet advertising
               | has to be. You can 't have an entire economy based around
               | free services funded by advertising for other free
               | services, you can't have returns generated solely by
               | investing in companies that invest in other investors.
               | Unless massive numbers of private sector backers have
               | been defrauded, the lady is _somewhere_. Though maybe not
               | somewhere that taxman looks.
               | 
               | I might buy slighter fewer Starbucks, or Fords, or
               | flights if they were no loyalty programs, but I'd be
               | spending _zero_ money on StarBank /FordBank/DeltaBank
               | without the product to go with it.
        
           | javier123454321 wrote:
           | Yeah, the truth is we live on a Casino Chip Society
           | https://brettscott.substack.com/p/casino-chip-cashless-
           | socie.... And it is true that companies love this status quo.
        
             | j-bos wrote:
             | Cool article, thanks for sharing :)
        
               | teddyh wrote:
               | Discussed on HN 8 months ago:
               | <https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33801973>
        
         | nocoiner wrote:
         | The only really interesting breakdown I've seen along these
         | lines was a dissection of how cheap Starbucks' cost of capital
         | is due to their gift card system. It's quite a remarkable
         | business they've created totally apart from selling coffee!
         | 
         | In my opinion frequent flyer points are only interesting to
         | consider in terms of the implications of a currency that will
         | only get shittier over time.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | kykeonaut wrote:
       | Ha, I just posted about this in another discussion about an hour
       | ago [0]. It astonishes me how a link to an article tucked away in
       | a thread can find itself in the top page of HN an hour later.
       | 
       | [0] https://news.ycombinator.com/context?id=36943868
        
         | flygurl wrote:
         | That's where I first read it! Very interesting analogy.
         | 
         | The automatic title mangling somewhat hides that the author
         | intends it to be an analogy only, not an identity.
        
       | citizenkeen wrote:
       | Max Berry's book Jennifer Government[1] posits that WW3 will be
       | fought over airline miles.
       | 
       | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jennifer_Government
        
         | suoduandao2 wrote:
         | There's a blast from the past. I played the associated online
         | game back in the day, dang I'm old.
        
         | indus wrote:
         | I'm sure the author has a sequel planned----Cashback Planet :-/
        
       | Shrezzing wrote:
       | It seems like false equivalence to state that Central Banks and
       | airlines are the same because they both create an intangible
       | asset.
       | 
       | Most nation's central banks bailed out airlines (if by proxy)
       | just a few days after this was originally posted, which should be
       | a fairly big indicator that airlines are far from akin to Central
       | Banks.
        
         | dermesser wrote:
         | But that's only because (unfortunately for the airlines) miles
         | are not a universally accepted currency. Just like some poorer
         | countries needing to be bailed out by the IMF, despite issuing
         | their own currency.
        
           | noslenwerdna wrote:
           | The strange way Chuck E Cheese is like a central bank.
        
             | harryposner wrote:
             | You joke, and yet [Lucas 1988] uses an amusement park as a
             | toy model to demonstrate how monetary shocks can affect
             | real economic activity. The key difference between this and
             | Chuck E. Cheese, though, is that Chuck E. Cheese is the
             | only merchant that accepts their tokens for any sort of
             | payment.
             | 
             | [Lucas 1988] https://home.uchicago.edu/~vlima/courses/econ2
             | 03/fall01/Luca...
        
         | johnzim wrote:
         | To be fair to the article, the title is "the strange way
         | airlines are actually central banks", implying that it's just
         | in that one way that they are central banks.
        
       | d3vmax wrote:
       | Central bank comparison is farfetched here.
        
         | victorp13 wrote:
         | Was going to post the exact same here. Economics major. Making
         | this comparison shows lack of insight into what a central bank
         | actually does, or the power it yields.
        
           | spraveenitpro wrote:
           | [dead]
        
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