[HN Gopher] Apple's interactive television box: Hacking the set ...
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       Apple's interactive television box: Hacking the set top box System
       7.1 in ROM
        
       Author : todsacerdoti
       Score  : 200 points
       Date   : 2023-07-22 05:30 UTC (17 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (oldvcr.blogspot.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (oldvcr.blogspot.com)
        
       | IntelMiner wrote:
       | That was an Alice in Wonderland level of rabbit hole to fall down
       | and a fantastic read about a device I never knew existed!
       | 
       | I wonder if something like Linux or NetBSD could be burned on to
       | the ROM card to get the system into a more 'friendly' state for
       | debugging the broken SCSI adapter the author mentioned
        
       | onurcel wrote:
       | I hope the magic of HN will bring one of the men in the photo to
       | intervene here.
        
         | classichasclass wrote:
         | (author) I had a feeling HN would know who these people were.
         | Anyone know which one was "Fred" (as in FredTVApp)?
         | 
         | (edit: looks like Fred Huxham per comment below)
        
           | CharlesW wrote:
           | The top row is Sean Allen, Jim Batson, and Mike Dodd. Center
           | square is Peter Hoddie.
           | 
           | (Fun fact: Sean is why QuickTime Movie root atom container
           | headers have a type value of `sean`.)
        
             | classichasclass wrote:
             | That explains the Sean joke I found elsewhere!
        
         | mackid wrote:
         | The person in the center is Peter Hoddie.
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | Came to say the same. Peter was a Quicktime engineer.
           | 
           | A coworker and I came across a stack of these machines in an
           | abandoned lab at Apple's Infinite Loop Campus decades ago. We
           | didn't know what they were although we were sure they were
           | some kind of set-top box that Apple had abandoned. I feel
           | like my coworker knew the code name but if he did, it escapes
           | me now.
           | 
           | A young Bruce Leak (top left)?
           | 
           | A young Jim Batson (top center)?
        
             | ericlewis wrote:
             | Left center I think is Fred Huxham.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | [deleted]
        
       | sen wrote:
       | This is so cool, there's nothing I love to read about more than
       | someone spending insane amounts of time hacking some old piece of
       | hardware that even when done will be completely useless in the
       | modern era, for no other reason than "why not?".
        
       | rcarmo wrote:
       | This was an amazing read. As someone who spent a long time
       | hacking 68k Macs, I laughed out loud when I came to "Moving or
       | substantially altering this code in ResEdit has side effects,
       | usually explosive ones".
        
         | duskwuff wrote:
         | The cause of those "explosive" side effects is relocations. The
         | JSRs aren't actually jumping to low memory (e.g. 0x000007DE);
         | they're relative to the base of the CODE resource, and get
         | fixed up at load time based on a list of offsets stored
         | elsewhere. Move one of the JSR instructions, and suddenly the
         | relocation gets applied to the wrong place.
        
       | msh wrote:
       | Were they really thinking that the phone companies would install
       | T1 lines in everyone's house?
        
         | xp84 wrote:
         | I'm more shocked at the notion of the T1, HDSL or whatever
         | being run all the way to this STB. Imagine 1.5Mbps of bandwidth
         | straight to your house and only being able to use it with this
         | one limited device!
         | 
         | But of course, the Web and lots of other goodies normal people
         | might want to do online were not even close to mature yet. So
         | this could plausibly be your only network-connected device.
         | Wild.
        
           | wmf wrote:
           | Yes, the interactive TV stuff in the 1990s was kind of a bet
           | against the Internet. It's amazing to me that multiple
           | companies developed entire systems that were 10x-100x too
           | expensive to bring to market; I guess they hadn't heard that
           | too early is the same as wrong.
        
         | classichasclass wrote:
         | (author) I had a residential T1 line for many years, and a
         | friend of mine had one even earlier when most of us were still
         | on dialup. It was certainly as possible as anything else was at
         | the time.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | I knew a few who got a T1 line "installed to (their) house" as
         | the song goes. There was a quite spicy time very early on where
         | many things seemed potentially reasonable (ISDN, T1, etc)
         | before DSL and DOCSIS took over everything.
        
           | wmf wrote:
           | Wasn't a T1 around $1,500 per month in 1995? Imagine using
           | such expensive service to deliver... TV.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | The one I knew the price of was about $450 a month (maybe
             | in 98?) but that was because there was some local
             | completion and ISPs as such already existed vs ISPs using
             | the local telco monopoly.
        
           | grishka wrote:
           | It's interesting to see how differently it all worked out in
           | the US. I've never seen or heard about T1, I personally went
           | from dial-up straight to Ethernet. Some people used to use
           | ADSL. DOCSIS is also still a thing, but it's being replaced
           | with better technologies (the slow uplink is meh).
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | For awhile "poor man's ISDN" was a thing with some local
             | ISPs - you'd get something on your end that could shotgun
             | multiple 56k modems, and they'd be able to bond them
             | together.
        
         | retrac wrote:
         | Not in a literal sense. The article mentions T1 probably not
         | because literally expecting literal T-1 service on coax, but
         | because T-1 used to be used as a metric of bandwidth. It's 24
         | standard voice circuits (12 and 24 being traditional groupings
         | for voice circuits). It's approximately 1.5 mbit/s.
         | 
         | This is about the minimum bandwidth required to make standard
         | definition MPEG-1 video work. That was by design -- it was the
         | bandwidth of a 1x CD-ROM drive or a T1 line.
         | 
         | The phone companies eventually _did_ provision that much
         | bandwidth to each home. And not that much long after. DSL at 1
         | mbit /s was around by 1997.
        
           | kalleboo wrote:
           | The port on the back of the Apple STB is actually literally a
           | T1/E1 port (even though it looks like TP Ethernet), with a
           | Brooktree Bt8069-Series Line Interface Unit chip inside for a
           | T1/E1 interface!
           | 
           | I'm not sure if there were T1 adapters for DSL etc back in
           | the day, but I guess that's plausible (before the computer
           | world won over the telecom world there were a lot of weird
           | standards that looked like they would be adopted - ATM
           | anyone?)
           | 
           | edit: Apparently T1 started being carried over HDSL which is
           | probably what was being used here
           | https://www.arcelect.com/HDSL3698.htm
        
       | fredoralive wrote:
       | In case anyone is interested, this:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eVwrsnaWGDw is a promotional
       | video for BT's 1995 trial of the boxes in the UK. More flashy
       | promo that deep look at the UI though. The ability to download
       | SNES games to a flash cart (~4:50) is perhaps one of the more
       | intriguing bit of the service.
        
       | mistrial9 wrote:
       | Apple's early world dictator dreams -- expecting applause?
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | I liked _that_ era Apple. Engineers called the shots, made
         | things _they_ would want.
        
       | nidnogg wrote:
       | That picture with the developers just made it for me. Great read.
       | The floodgap website read like quite the treasure trove as well,
       | with the neatest showcase [1] of the author's collection.
       | 
       | Thanks for bringing it up!
       | 
       | [1] https://www.floodgap.com/etc/machines.html
        
       | janandonly wrote:
       | Before reading this, I didn't even know Apple had ever made a
       | setop box before the more recent Apple TV.
        
         | kayodelycaon wrote:
         | The original Apple TV ran a modified OS X 10.4. Have one in my
         | basement. :)
        
           | dagmx wrote:
           | And to a degree, the latest one runs a modified iOS which is
           | a modified macOS if you go back far enough.
        
             | mattl wrote:
             | Everything they make runs OPENSTEP, basically.
        
         | duskwuff wrote:
         | Not quite the same, but there was also the Macintosh TV [1] -
         | an all-in-one desktop Mac with a TV tuner - and the Pippin
         | console [2].
         | 
         | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macintosh_TV
         | 
         | [2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Pippin
        
         | mikeryan wrote:
         | Just because this is my wheelhouse and I've been in it a long
         | time I'm going to get pedantic.
         | 
         | An STB and OTT box are different - different video delivery
         | mechanisms of IP vs. QAM.
         | 
         | This line got blurred however in the early to mid 2000s with IP
         | based services.
         | 
         | The hard part of getting a box deployed outside of the Motorola
         | and Scientific Atlantic boxes that ruled the early days of
         | cable was a lack of standards of back office systems. So you
         | couldn't just build a box you had to have a whole stack for
         | device provisioning etc.
         | 
         | I worked for a company Comcast bought in the early 2000s when
         | they were buying up smaller regional systems and it was a mess
         | trying to get everything aligned. It probably took 15 to 20
         | years until they finally ironed it all out. To be fair to
         | Comcast they did a good enough job that they now license their
         | X1 platform to other operators (Cox, Shaw, Quebecor)
        
       | vondur wrote:
       | Shout out to the Quadra 605, my first Mac. Such a cool computer
       | back in the day and relatively affordable at the time. Used it
       | for many years later as a monitor stand too.
        
       | cstross wrote:
       | >it's somewhat surprising that only one Mac officially could boot
       | the Mac OS entirely from ROM, namely the Macintosh Classic (hold
       | down Cmd-Option-X-O to boot from a hidden HFS volume with System
       | 6.0.3).
       | 
       | This is not actually true: one other Mac could do this -- the
       | Powerbook 100 could boot into System 6.0.8 (going by memory: I
       | owned one).
       | 
       | The PB100 was the entry-level model of the original Powerbook
       | launch range, and differed from the other Powerbooks, the 140 and
       | 170. The latter were 68030 machines, but the PB100 ran on a 68000
       | and was designed by Sony -- it was physically smaller and lighter
       | than the other two but used a weird lead acid battery that could
       | run it for something like 40-50 minutes. Not sure _why_ it booted
       | MacOS 6 from ROM, but I suspect it might originally have been
       | designed as a floppy-only machine to save battery power relative
       | to the hard disk model they shipped.
        
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       (page generated 2023-07-22 23:02 UTC)