[HN Gopher] Thin Flat Lenses Could Unleash a Revolution in Space...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Thin Flat Lenses Could Unleash a Revolution in Space Telescopes
        
       Author : giuliomagnifico
       Score  : 7 points
       Date   : 2023-07-21 20:58 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.universetoday.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.universetoday.com)
        
       | dredmorbius wrote:
       | The proposed application for these lenses is for a
       | _spectrographic_ telescope, looking for exoplanet atmospheric
       | biosignatures. See the white paper  "Nautilus: A Very Large-
       | Aperture, Ultralight Space Telescope for Exoplanet Exploration,
       | Time-domain Astrophysics, and Faint Objects" (2019)
       | 
       | <http://nautilus-array.space/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Nauti...>
       | (PDF)
       | 
       | As such, the disadvantages of Fresnel lenses (or for Nautilus, a
       | "multi-order diffractive engineered material lens" or MODE lens)
       | for _imaging_ of objects are largely mooted, as the challenge
       | instead is to gather sufficient quantities of light, in
       | sufficiently short exposure periods, to gather useful
       | spectroscopic data, that is, the light _spectrum_ showing
       | specific absorption lines experienced during planetary transits
       | of their star.
       | 
       | From the white paper above:
       | 
       |  _The driver of the design of the Nautilus is to maximize the
       | ratio of sensitivity (light-collecting area and throughput) to
       | cost. The Nautilus combines a simple, non-cryogenic instrument
       | (imager and slitless spectrograph) with a new, lightweight, and
       | low-cost optical element instead of primary mirrors.... Nautilus
       | will use an 8.5m-diameter multi-order diffractive engineered
       | material lens (MODE lens) instead of a primary mirror. These
       | diffractive lenses have ~100x lower areal density than
       | traditional mirrors, are 100-1,000x less sensitive to
       | misalignments (drastically reducing fabrication and integration
       | costs), and can be cost-effectively replicated (via pressure
       | molding).... Nautilus will use a single instrument, the Nautilus
       | visual /near-infrared imaging spectrograph (NAVIIS). At this
       | point no optical design exists yet for NAVIIS, but in the
       | following we describe the preliminary concept for this
       | instrument. NAVIIS will utilize a dichroic mirror to split the
       | incoming light into the visible light (NAVIIS-VIS, 0.5-0.95 mm)
       | and near-infrared (NAVIIS-NIR, 0.95-1.7 mm) channels._
        
       | onetimeuse92304 wrote:
       | Pure BS.
       | 
       | The main problem with making optics for telescopes, and
       | especially for large and/or space telescopes is precision.
       | 
       | It is hard enough to grind something to a precise shape when that
       | shape is a smooth surface. Forget about making precise fresnel
       | lens that has extremely complex shape that relies on very precise
       | smooth surfaces right next to very sharp discontinuities, that is
       | not going to happen.
       | 
       | Another problem is that you don't really ever want lenses for a
       | high power telescope. Lenses cause optical aberration -- and once
       | light rays of different colors go each their own way it is pretty
       | much impossible to put them back precisely enough for the kind of
       | telescope you would want to shoot into space.
       | 
       | The article sounds like a third grader got interested in
       | astronomy and suddenly discovered fresnel. Do you think NASA
       | somehow overlooked an obvious solution to all their problems that
       | has been known for hundreds of years to everybody else?
        
         | ithkuil wrote:
         | Have you read
         | https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ab2631 and
         | are making a critique of their work or are you talking about
         | the journalist that wrote a piece perhaps dumbing down the
         | concepts a bit too much?
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-07-21 23:01 UTC)