[HN Gopher] TSMC warns over deepening slump in chipmaking sector
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       TSMC warns over deepening slump in chipmaking sector
        
       Author : mfiguiere
       Score  : 86 points
       Date   : 2023-07-21 18:06 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.ft.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.ft.com)
        
       | AYBABTME wrote:
       | A year+ ago, the same folks were talking about the incoming
       | switch from under supply to over supply, and the predictable
       | outcome that we see today. None of those involved are surprised
       | by this on the macro level, but when they put their short-term
       | glasses on for the purpose of quarter-to-quarter reporting, they
       | say stuff like "deeper slump than expected". Obviously at the end
       | of the day, these folks are sleeping just fine, knowing and
       | having expected this with >12m of warning.
        
       | andy_ppp wrote:
       | How can this be happening with an AI revolution needing an almost
       | infinite supply of high end graphics cards?
        
         | drcode wrote:
         | Near as I can tell, because of the nature of the chip business,
         | there is a limit on how fast they can pivot production towards
         | a market segment that is seeing increasing demand (in this
         | case, the AI chip business)
         | 
         | So even assuming that there theoretically are enough purchasers
         | of AI chips available to offset their other lost demand, it
         | will take a year or two before they can fully serve these new
         | customers and collect this revenue.
        
           | andy_ppp wrote:
           | Yeah I was thinking something along the lines of, we have
           | factories setup to produce AMD CPUs on 4nm for 6 months,
           | another setup for Apple etc. and if say Apple reduces its
           | demand TSMC can't magically turn the AMD or Apple (etc.)
           | setups into Nvidia GPUs that quickly. Also NVidia probably
           | benefits from some scarcity so it might not be worth their
           | while to order more?
        
       | dforrestwilson wrote:
       | https://archive.li/43GrJ
        
       | abeppu wrote:
       | To what degree does this also reflect the restrictions on China
       | receiving higher-end chips?
        
       | cs702 wrote:
       | TSMC just warned the world of a 10% decline in chip revenues.
       | Given that chips today are critical component of every phone, TV,
       | laptop, desktop PC, server, vehicle, dishwasher, and _pretty much
       | everything else_ , TSMC's warning suggests we're going to
       | experience a significant global economic contraction soon.
       | 
       | Hopefully I'm wrong.
        
         | Analemma_ wrote:
         | This is a 10% decline from the large _increase_ over the
         | baseline trend that we saw post-covid when people had tons of
         | disposable income. It 's just a return to baseline and no big
         | deal.
        
         | jrockway wrote:
         | I don't think that's true. If my BOM costs go down by 10%, I
         | don't need to charge any less money for my product.
         | 
         | If Apple could build an iPhone for 1 cent, why wouldn't they
         | still charge $1000 for it? They can say it's how much iOS costs
         | or whatever. (And hey, use the extra profit to hire more tax-
         | paying iOS developers, making iOS even more valuable.)
        
           | HWR_14 wrote:
           | Apple has moats around the mobile space far greater than the
           | moats in, say, cars or washing machines.
        
           | adamc wrote:
           | The assumption is that the lowered revenue means fewer chips,
           | rather than cheaper, less profitable chips. I don't know
           | whether that is true or not. Might be a bit of both.
        
           | sumtechguy wrote:
           | In economics the closer you get your price to be MR=MC the
           | better off your profit. If they did as you said more than
           | likely they would be leaving money on the table. This is
           | usually a fairly common intro economics problem as it can
           | seem unintuitive to lower the price to make more profit. Now
           | iPhones do have somewhat of a 'monopoly' effect. But only to
           | a point. In a monopoly you want MC=MD.
           | https://openstax.org/books/principles-
           | economics-3e/pages/9-2...
           | 
           | Apple falls in the middle of those two axioms. If Apple could
           | pull of an iPhone for 1 cent there would be a flood of
           | entrants into the market doing the same thing as making the
           | things would be cheap and easy. At first some would pay the
           | premium (pay for the name) but after awhile that premium
           | would erode and it would seem odd to pay when you can get the
           | same thing for wildly less money.
        
             | mrDmrTmrJ wrote:
             | Respectively, plenty of companies can build a smartphone
             | for far, FAR less than the sale price of an iPhone. E.g. a
             | $50-$130 Samsung Galaxy A03.
             | 
             | It's Apples install base, app ecosystem, and social moat
             | (iMessage) allows continued high gross margins on their
             | hardware and locks competition away from their profit
             | center. The sale price has very little to do with the
             | marginal cost of production and a ton to do with a
             | naturally occuring software monopoly.
        
               | fshbbdssbbgdd wrote:
               | That Samsung uses the 12nm node, so you could say it
               | falls somewhere between iPhone 7 (16nm) and iPhone
               | (10nm). Those are worth about $100 used. A lot of the
               | cost of manufacturing cost of cellphone parts comes from
               | upfront capital expense, which is paid off by new models.
               | This allows a strategy of selling cheaper, lower-end
               | models using that old equipment.
               | 
               | Apple also pursues this strategy, but they don't push it
               | nearly as far as Samsung. The cheapest iPhone, the SE 3
               | at $430, has a 5 nm chip in it, which they only released
               | two years ago. Apple just isn't willing to release a
               | parts-bin device, because they have a high quality bar.
               | This is part of a moneymaking strategy, but my point is
               | you can't compare the A03 price to any current iPhone
               | model.
               | 
               | Apple's hardware margin is 35%, that is a reasonable
               | estimate of the premium Apple is charging over a totally
               | generic phone.
        
           | esdott wrote:
           | Typically, lower demand means lower prices - at least in the
           | short term. I believe that TSMC is saying that demand is
           | decreasing quickly and a supply glut will need to clear until
           | it gets better. Just my two cents.
        
             | panarky wrote:
             | _> > If Apple could build an iPhone for 1 cent ..._
             | 
             | ... then Samsung can also make a phone for 1 cent, and they
             | might try to steal share by selling for $400, and some
             | consumers would switch, etc.
        
           | cjrp wrote:
           | I think the point is why has revenue dropped 10% for TSMC if
           | everything downstream is going gangbusters? Doesn't it point
           | to a drop in demand for chips, and therefore the retail
           | devices they go inside?
        
             | gtirloni wrote:
             | If downstream things have gone to shit already, why the
             | prediction that a crisis will be in the _future_?
             | 
             | TSMC's revenue grew too much during the pandemic. It's just
             | normal it should contract when things go back to normal.
        
               | cjrp wrote:
               | Potentially this is a tipping point for the things
               | downstream. Honestly I'm just thinking out loud here.
        
             | HWR_14 wrote:
             | During COVID, with chip shortages, everything downstream
             | bought as many chips as they could get. Now they have
             | stockpiles to work through.
        
             | nyokodo wrote:
             | > Doesn't it point to a drop in demand for chips
             | 
             | Yes, but in isolation it isn't evidence of an economic
             | downturn in general. It is evidence of the whiplash of
             | consumer demand shifting during COVID from services to
             | goods and back again along with the cost of retooling the
             | industrial plant to match that demand. There's a range of
             | ripple effects across industries that will be ongoing for
             | some time.
        
           | memen wrote:
           | > If Apple could build an iPhone for 1 cent, why wouldn't
           | they still charge $1000 for it?
           | 
           | Cause in healthy capitalism, a competitor could step in and
           | sell it for $999 and Apple would lose market share quickly.
        
             | adventured wrote:
             | > Cause in healthy capitalism, a competitor could step in
             | and sell it for $999 and Apple would lose market share
             | quickly.
             | 
             | No they can't. You're neglecting the various moats that an
             | entity like Apple enjoys with the iPhone.
             | 
             | First you have to be able to actually build a similar or
             | superior product. You can't do it. Elite of elite tech
             | engineering companies like Samsung can just barely keep up
             | generation after generation. The investment required to
             | build your $999 competing phone is comically enormous. You
             | won't even be able to get access to enough chips to do it,
             | much less have the manufacturing capacity to deliver at any
             | meaningful scale given the components.
             | 
             | Do you have tens of billions of USD in cash ready?
             | 
             | You need to build a brand that consumers desire, such that
             | they'll even want to spend $899 or $999 instead of picking
             | up the iPhone at $1000.
             | 
             | Do you have another block of tens of billions of USD in
             | cash ready, for marketing, brand building, advertising?
             | 
             | You need an extraordinary logistics system globally.
             | 
             | Do you have another block of tens of billions of USD in
             | cash ready to build, deploy, refine your global logistics
             | network?
             | 
             | Apple has ~$114 billion in annual operating income, most of
             | it (including its ecosystem) is riding on the back of the
             | iPhone. If it could be done, somebody would take that giant
             | pot of gold from them. Even if a competitor could take 1/4
             | or 1/2 of that pot of gold, they'd move on it in a
             | heartbeat. They can't do it, not even remotely close.
             | 
             | And then time. It'll take you a decade to get there,
             | absolute best case scenario.
             | 
             | What Apple is reaping, is decades in the making, and
             | required hundreds of billions of dollars in capital to be
             | deployed over that span of time. Good luck.
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | _> You 're neglecting the various moats that an entity
               | like Apple enjoys with the iPhone._
               | 
               | A world in which Apple could build iPhones for 1 cent
               | would be a world in which those moats did not exist.
        
               | jrockway wrote:
               | Why? How does the cost of microprocessors and metals
               | decreasing make programming easier?
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | The cost of iPhones includes the cost of programming
               | them.
        
               | jrockway wrote:
               | But you're saying that moats wouldn't exist if the phones
               | cost 1 cent? Why? I'm claiming that the cost of the
               | iPhone in that world is from the included software, and
               | the included software is their "moat". Cheap parts
               | doesn't give you a "blue bubble" on iMessage. That's what
               | the end user is paying for.
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | _> you 're saying that moats wouldn't exist if the phones
               | cost 1 cent? Why?_
               | 
               | Because if iPhones cost 1 cent to produce, the cost of
               | _everything_ that goes into producing them would have to
               | be trivial. Which means any competitor could easily do
               | the same as Apple is doing.
               | 
               | Of course that's not the case in our actual world; in our
               | actual world, it would cost a huge amount of money for
               | any competitor to do the same as Apple is doing. But
               | that's my point: that very fact is _why_ it costs Apple a
               | lot _more_ than 1 cent to produce an iPhone. Apple has
               | expended huge costs on developing the product and keeping
               | it ahead of competitors, and those costs amount to a lot
               | more than 1 cent per iPHone. The high price they charge
               | for iPhones is how they recoup those costs.
               | 
               | In other words, in the hypothetical I was responding to,
               | Apple _could not_ have done what they actually _have_
               | done to make the iPhone a high end preferred product.
               | Which means that all the moats that exist in our actual
               | world _because_ Apple did all those things to make the
               | iPhone a high end preferred product, could not exist in
               | that hypothetical world.
               | 
               | Does that mean the hypothetical is basically useless in
               | understanding Apple's position in our actual world? Yes.
               | That was part of my point.
        
         | lnsru wrote:
         | Many companies built stock over last years and stoped buying
         | new semiconductors until stock is almost depleted. I am sure it
         | will be fine, no contraction soon. Only semiconductor companies
         | will suffer.
        
         | HillRat wrote:
         | Inventories are stacking up after the COVID supply chain
         | crisis, so automotive and durable goods manufacturers are
         | slowing down on input orders, even though demand for their
         | products remains high. There's definitely a PC/smartphone
         | demand slump (both sectors down around 10% YoY for Q2 2023), so
         | add those two data points and factor in potential supply
         | increases down the road due to CHIPS Act effects, and you're
         | looking at decreased demand and increased price pressures for
         | an uncertain amount of time. Given just how contradictory the
         | broader market data is regarding the "soft landing vs
         | minicession" debate, TSMC's specific revenue issues shouldn't
         | be assumed to be dispositive.
        
         | gargablegar wrote:
         | We have been seeing a significant global contraction for the
         | last year lol. It's still going.
         | 
         | We just all riding on the post covid backlog and over order.
        
         | ajross wrote:
         | > Given that [...] we're going to experience a significant
         | global economic contraction soon.
         | 
         | What's with all the doomslinging in modern discourse? No, no,
         | that's not now it works at all. There was a chip _shortage_
         | just a year ago! Did that plunge us into recession? No, clearly
         | it didn 't. Then it was _Inflation_ that was going to kill us
         | all. And it didn 't either. Now all of a sudden we're swinging
         | the other way with chips and have a glut, and... _now_ the doom
         | will happen, I guess you 're hoping?
         | 
         | No. This is a cyclic industry and it's cycling like it always
         | has. A 10% YoY revenue drop isn't anything weird. I found a
         | chart here: look at the bottom YoY numbers and see all the
         | times they were in the red. Remember the unmitigated economic
         | disaster of 2016? Me neither.
         | 
         | https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/TSM/taiwan-semicon...
        
           | sanxiyn wrote:
           | Well, inflation is an actual danger (see Turkey) and Federal
           | Reserve deserves credit for handling inflation well.
           | 
           | I agree semiconductor is an industry well known to be cyclic
           | and prophecies of doom are ridiculous.
        
             | landemva wrote:
             | > Federal Reserve deserves credit for handling inflation
             | well.
             | 
             | That is a stretch. They jacked rates on Trump, lowered
             | rates for Biden, and in my opinion were forced to raise
             | rates when the Ukraine money/power grab ramped up.
        
               | sanxiyn wrote:
               | "Forced" or not, they still raised rates. They could have
               | done otherwise, which would have been disastrous.
        
               | landemva wrote:
               | They followed war events in a reactionary manner. It
               | would be cheaper and transparent to set rates
               | algorithmically. The Fed can stay in business by
               | continuing to inadequately regulate banks like SVB.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | > What's with all the doomslinging in modern discourse?
           | 
           | Because public trust in the ability of governments to manage
           | a crisis has gone completely fucking downhill, worldwide:
           | 
           | - the US couldn't even manage to beat a gang of cave-living
           | Islamist terrorists using kalashnikovs in 20 years, and had
           | to flee the country in shame
           | 
           | - we went through three years of a worldwide pandemic, then
           | panicked governments acted like it was all over due to
           | pressure by the far right - and yet, despite mounting
           | evidence of _millions_ of cases of long covid and almost all
           | nation leaders silently insisting on covid tests prior to
           | meetings, for the citizens it 's a free for all for the
           | virus, at the risk of disabled people and other at-risk
           | groups. Governments didn't do anything to meaningfully curb
           | the onslaught of propaganda as well.
           | 
           | - compared to prior environmental threats such as CFC
           | coolants or lead, no one is doing _anything_ meaningful (i.e.
           | something that actually costs Big Money some wealth) against
           | climate change. Instead, again, climate change denial runs
           | rampant.
           | 
           | - we've got Russia invading Ukraine in a land-grab and it
           | took us a year of brutal slaughter, rape and terrorism to
           | send a handful of fucking tanks, and fighter jets are still
           | many months away. I'm not advocating to glass the Kremlin,
           | but NATO could do way way WAY more to stop this shit.
           | 
           | - China has been stealing Western IP for _decades_ and used
           | obvious price dumping to destroy our economies, and yet our
           | politicians and companies keep kneeling before Xi _despite_
           | the constant Chinese saber rattling against Taiwan
           | 
           | - housing prices and cost of living have been exploding for
           | _years_ and no one cares, despite tent cities of homeless in
           | every major warm US city and people defecating on the streets
           | because they don 't have any safe place.
           | 
           | - on top of all of _that_ (literal) shit, Nazis and other
           | authoritarian politicians are back worldwide, to a large
           | degree financed by the Kremlin, and guess what, politicians
           | aren 't taking care about that either, instead they let their
           | parties be taken over by them or refuse to fight and go under
           | in elections.
           | 
           | - ETA: And in the US, people will probably have the choice
           | come next election between someone who should have retired
           | from politics decades ago on the Democrat side and on the
           | Republican side either someone who has incited a putsch,
           | stole top-secret documents and hid them in a fucking toilet
           | or someone who thinks it's a good idea to take on _Disney_ of
           | all companies or to fight everyone who doesn 't think like
           | him as "woke" and wants to eradicate them. JFC America what
           | are you doing?
           | 
           | So yes, it's completely rational for people to assume doom
           | when politicians don't give us any reason to hope that the
           | situation will improve. It makes more sense to prepare for
           | the worst case because it's increasingly more likely.
        
             | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
             | This is probably the most depressing comment that I've ever
             | upvoted.
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | Nothing but the truth though. For me the question is not
               | _if_ we get a serious left-wing terrorist uprising out of
               | all the shit happening at the moment, it is _when_.
               | Personal guess it 's going to be either UK or German's
               | environmental activists or Israel, with a serious leaning
               | to the latter given that everyone over there gets a ton
               | of military mandatory experience.
        
             | landemva wrote:
             | > NATO could do way way WAY more
             | 
             | Where in NATO charter are they to interfere for a non-NATO
             | country?
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | We could have delivered tanks from our storages the very
               | second the first Russian crossed the border, we could
               | have delivered fighter jets, we could have done _a lot_
               | without directly involving us into the war.
               | 
               | Instead we got Biden being afraid of Republicans (most
               | importantly the Russian asset that was the 45th
               | President), our German Olaf Scholz being afraid of his
               | own party and its close ties to Russia and the far-right
               | and far-left and their even closer ties, and French
               | Macron and Turkey's Erdogan both trying to act like
               | they're kingmakers. Oh and we got Ukraine to agree not to
               | use the pittances we send to hurt the Russians on their
               | own soil.
               | 
               | All while hundreds of thousands of civilians and troops
               | died in Ukraine. What a disgrace - our hesitation cost
               | real human lives for nothing.
        
           | quenix wrote:
           | At this point I just stopped listening to pretty much anyone
           | regarding the economy. It has become plain as day to me that
           | the whole field is kaput and that no one can really predict
           | anything in this incredibly complex, multivariate chaotic
           | system.
        
         | daniel-cussen wrote:
         | They should have charged much more much sooner. That was the
         | problem. They jacked up prices 30% once after over a year when
         | they should have been like, "Taiwan embraces capitalism, we
         | have a monopoly in the surely insignificant niche of the most
         | insignificantly sized transistors, we do not seek monopoly
         | rents but we'll take your money if that's what we must do to
         | let the system self-correct.". Basically turned their back on
         | capitalism as a concept unto itself, presumably because the
         | whole reason for being of shifting a business to depend on
         | Asia, chips, or Moore's Law or in particular all three at once
         | is very tight purse-strings n their being highly cost-sensitive
         | n cost-concious. Which is no problem for TSMC given it alone is
         | at the leading edge of lithography...which i don't believe in
         | myself like as far as i can tell transistors are 25 nm gate
         | length so should be called 25nm indefinitely, to me it's not a
         | marketing term, it's a figure of merit that is accurate for old
         | chips but not new ones.
         | 
         | This nanometer matter is identical to a problem w sandwiches i
         | had recently, only difference being scale. It led me to
         | escalate when a local Subway(r), a sandwich shop, got out a
         | bread for my sandwich n when asked to compare it to the other
         | breads because i considered it to be too small, the loser
         | fixing up my sandwich did magician tricks to impede my
         | verifying that it was in fact a shorter sandwich. Did like four
         | tricks, first comparing it to another short bread rather than
         | the clearly longer control group i was referring to, smart at
         | playing dumb, called him out on it, one time almost lining them
         | up but offset so it looked difficult to tell, unlike aligning
         | them which makes telling one is shorter than the other trivial,
         | but i had seen that at a Subway(r) before n called him out on
         | it, then aligning them but flopping out a piece of paper over
         | it w clearly rehearsed slight of hand, n called him out on
         | that, then said, alright, you got caught, double meat on my
         | bread. N then he's like no, i can't, i have to go get you
         | another bread instead, i was like no, no mulligans, you steal
         | from me you pay double, penalties are inescapable given intent
         | to transgress. There has to be risk-adjustment in Justice, no
         | mulligans or they'll never stop trying to steal from you--n if
         | you come to Chile you'll see exactly what i'm talking about.
         | 
         | But this sub fixer didn't get the difference between can and
         | may, _puedo_ or _debo_ (means ought to) or _tengo permiso para_
         | which is how you translate the word may, usually saying  " _No
         | tengo permiso para hacer eso._ ", that's how you say "I may
         | not." My Spanish is excellent too, top grades in the Spanish
         | class, father was a college professor of Spanish Literature,
         | got the highest grades possible in Spanish classes, i've lived
         | in Chile 30 years now, but apart from the "may" and "can"
         | confusion, which if asked in person i can spice up the story by
         | telling you hhow this petty theft was resolved, i went pro at
         | confronting such transgressions, no mulligans--they are
         | systematic about such things in Chile, n for me it is essential
         | to block hands reaching into my pocket or i can't do business
         | here n help this country be at the center of the algorithms
         | industry. It is also a matter of honor. So started by yelling
         | he was robbing me, which i justified w security when they
         | called security, which i waited for until they arrived, that
         | was lots of fun counter-trolling, but i'm afraid these walls of
         | text will intimidate readers if i law another row of character
         | blocks, like bricks, on them.
         | 
         | Point was, the advertising said 15cm. Metric system, which
         | along w the book is one of the two main engines of modern
         | wealth creation. Subway(r) could have advertised it was selling
         | at a low price a "rather big sandwich" or a "nice large
         | sandwich", or perhaps "a sandwich so large you'll probably feel
         | full by the time you eat it", n that would have been fine, but
         | they didn't because the metric system is an amazing asset in
         | marketing because it is _verifiable_. N that brings me back to
         | my point about lithography, n why i care little for the newest
         | ones. They are doing j about the same thing as the sandwich
         | fixer, lying through their teeth, w disclaimers fine but
         | without refunds after being inspected under a microscope,
         | purporting the gate length is smaller than it is. They instead
         | ought to drop nanometer convention except to say the actual
         | verifiable length the user will be able to confirm the gates
         | measure in length given some statistical metric verifiable w
         | microscopy.
         | 
         | N then together w that, a density metric, that's fair, or brag
         | how many transistors are on the chip, that's fair too. Nobody
         | cared about lithography anyway until clock speed stopped its
         | dramatic increases in the late noughts. It was all about clock
         | speed then. It could also be about cores, or computers per chip
         | in the case of the GA144, called nodes to save typing, but
         | they're full-fledged computers in an 8 by 18 matrix, under
         | 20000 transistors each, those are numbers too, it's j about a
         | verifiable number to brag about. People want easily verifiable
         | numbers when they're giving up their easily verifiable numbers,
         | their money, in exchange. Or it's false advertising at best,
         | theft at worst.*
        
         | tim333 wrote:
         | 10% decline over the previous year, which was a boom year due
         | to shortages after covid.
         | 
         | See this article back from distant Jan 23 for example
         | 
         | "Timeline: causes of the global semiconductor shortage"
         | https://supplychaindigital.com/top10/timeline-causes-of-the-...
        
         | ajb wrote:
         | This isn't necessarily representative of the economics of
         | downstream sectors, because it's probably caused by the
         | Bullwhip Effect[1] like the recent semiconductor shortage.
         | 
         | "The bullwhip effect refers to a scenario in which small
         | changes in demand at the retail end of the supply chain become
         | amplified when moving up the supply chain from the retail end
         | to the manufacturing end."
         | 
         | [1] https://www.investopedia.com/bullwhip-effect-
         | definition-5499...
        
           | cs702 wrote:
           | I certainly _hope_ you 're right. Keep in mind: TSMC is
           | entrenched in a lot of markets characterized by short lead
           | times (say, < 1 month), and a 10% drop is a lot more than
           | anyone -- including the company -- was expecting. Sometime
           | ago I recall seeing charts showing that changes in TSMC's
           | annual revenues are highly correlated with measures of global
           | economic activity such as changes in Apple's global revenues
           | and changes in global GDP.
        
             | ajb wrote:
             | During the shortage lead time for many semiconductor
             | products went through the roof, so it would make sense that
             | there has been at least some stockpiling. Probably you're
             | right that that doesn't affect top tier products which are
             | the bulk of the revenue, because those are the ones that
             | got preferential access to fab capacity. Whether the
             | stockpiling affected a big enough fraction of revenue to
             | cause this effect is not something I have access to the
             | data to know, so like you I am merely hoping that this is
             | the explanation.
        
             | bbatsell wrote:
             | Could you elaborate on what you're referring to? I'm
             | certainly not an expert, but my understanding was that the
             | vast, vast majority of TSMC's revenue comes from production
             | of completely custom wafers on newer nodes, and I'm hard
             | pressed to think of something in the industry with _longer_
             | lead times.
        
               | cs702 wrote:
               | I was referring to lead time on orders for existing
               | products, i.e., those for which TSMC already has
               | manufacturing capacity online, like current iPhone chips.
               | I wasn't referring to the time it takes to go from design
               | to manufacturing!
        
               | panarky wrote:
               | In addition to the bullwhip effect, and the unwinding of
               | stockpiling, there's probably some real reduction of
               | demand, and that's probably mostly from China's failure
               | to bounce back to pre-covid GDP.
        
           | pwarner wrote:
           | Very possible that this is a factor, it's very hard to sort
           | out. I see execs and investors are nervous. Is it the
           | bullwhip effect or am I seeing a real increase or decrease?
           | You'll know looking back in a few years!
        
           | willis936 wrote:
           | That would imply there is a surplus somewhere, which there's
           | not. There's a reduction in orders from a reduction in demand
           | regardless of the state of the buffer.
        
             | gorkish wrote:
             | It's still the same effect. Supply doesn't have to
             | overshoot. Computer chips aren't just stamped out
             | instantly; a complex chip with many hundreds of process
             | steps can take months to manufacture. The latency of
             | design/revision cycle means manufacturers are always doing
             | everything they can not to overproduce.
        
               | panarky wrote:
               | The chip shortage lasted longer than you'd expect because
               | everyone from end users to intermediaries has been
               | hoarding them.
               | 
               | It's like the covid toilet paper shortage, even if you
               | keep producing a thing at the same rate, stockpiling
               | creates shortages which stimulate even more stockpiling.
               | 
               | When that eventually reverses, expect a temporary glut.
        
             | guestbest wrote:
             | Their is a surplus of labor.
        
         | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
         | Most consumer electronics don't need ICs built on cutting edge
         | process nodes. Most of the global population of humans have
         | more pressing needs than acquiring the latest gewgaws that can
         | upstage last years models.
        
         | cheriot wrote:
         | In addition to inventories like other commenters mention,
         | remember this is a capital intensive business. When chip makers
         | collectively add more capacity than is needed, prices drop (ie
         | revenue drops).
         | 
         | It could also be "normalizing" demand as people shift spending
         | from goods to services.
         | 
         | The possibility space is much larger than global recession.
        
           | cs702 wrote:
           | I hope you're right. Keep in mind: TSMC is entrenched in a
           | lot of markets, and a 10% drop is larger than anyone --
           | including the company -- was expecting.
           | 
           | Sometime ago I recall seeing that changes in TSMC's revenues
           | are pretty highly correlated with measures of global economic
           | activity such as changes in Apple's revenues and changes in
           | global GDP.
        
       | dragontamer wrote:
       | This boom/bust is really obvious with regards to computer prices.
       | 
       | I'm seeing 2TB NVMe PCIe 4.0 SSDs with 7000+ MBps under $100
       | these days. Almost everything in the computer-world is on a
       | significant sale.
        
         | WhereIsTheTruth wrote:
         | You made me check and I notice the same in my area, great deals
         | indeed, thanks!
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | Have you used any of these sub $100 devices? I just took a
         | look, and all of the names are vendors I have no experience
         | with what so ever. All of the vendors I am familiar are above
         | that price point. So, my immediate concern would be these cheap
         | ones are made from chips rejected by the name brands, and their
         | performance would be rejected by me after wasting the
         | time/money on them.
         | 
         | I was looking at NewEgg and not Alibaba/ebay/amazon
        
           | thorncorona wrote:
           | Lots of <100 2TB ssds on Samsung / Intel / Micron / etc.
           | products.
           | 
           | https://slickdeals.net/newsearch.php?q=2tb&searcharea=deals&.
           | ..
        
             | dragontamer wrote:
             | > Intel
             | 
             | Note: Intel is literally obsolete in terms of Flash. Intel
             | sold all of their SSDs to SK Hynix, who is now selling
             | those SSD-designs under the name of "Solidigm"
             | 
             | So if you want a "modern Intel" SSD, look for Solidigm.
             | Intel got out of this race in December 2021, so no "new"
             | SSD (2022 or 2023 era) is from "Intel" branding, only
             | "Solidigm".
             | 
             | --------
             | 
             | I'm more of a Crucial / Micron fan myself, but Samsung,
             | Crucial, and WD (aka: Sandisk was bought out by WD) are all
             | 2TB for under $100.
             | 
             | But yes, I'm talking about the big-names, with high-
             | performance (7000MBps+ suitable for PS5). The good stuff.
             | GPUs, CPUs, HDDs, and Motherboards have also come down in
             | price. Its entirely across the board though the SSD market
             | is where its most obvious.
        
           | silisili wrote:
           | I have an ADATA 2TB in a PS5 and my work machine. These
           | aren't fly by nights.
           | 
           | They can be had for sub $100. Even the much lauded Samsung
           | 980 Pro is dipping close enough to the same.
        
             | adventured wrote:
             | Assembling a new home PC, picked up a 2tb Samsung 980 Pro
             | with a heatsink recently for $129 (I think it was $113
             | without the heatsink at that moment).
             | 
             | DDR5 ram is finally starting to get price reasonable as
             | well.
        
               | tylerfontaine wrote:
               | I got a 2TB 980 pro with heat sink from Bestbuy last week
               | for $99. I was astounded. No brainer upgrade for the PS5
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | be sure to upgrade the firmware, 980 pros are known to
               | die after a while.
               | 
               | dunno why people keep paying this premium for them,
               | there's other better options for less money, like HP
               | FX900 or Team Cardea these days. And those companies have
               | a track record of reliability and not... whatever Samsung
               | is doing for the last 10 years.
               | 
               | Like honestly these days Samsung rates below stuff like
               | Sabrent Rocket for me. You're better off picking a random
               | other product from a big-name brand with equivalent specs
               | as long as it's not a Samsung... the "SSD monty hall
               | problem" if you will. Simply by switching, you improve
               | your odds.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | I picked up a 2TB 980Pro and installed it into an
               | external USB-C chassis from SSK. I now have extremely
               | fast external storage to edit from on the go without
               | filling my internal system drive with crap media footage.
               | At ~$100, that enough to have one per project and avoids
               | the "which drive" question. It's now, get the ProjectX
               | drive, or get the ProjectY drive. It's the happiest I've
               | been as a mobile editor.
        
           | hamandcheese wrote:
           | A 2TB Western Digital SN850x, a near top of the line SSD, is
           | $99 _at Best Buy_.
           | 
           | https://www.bestbuy.com/site/wd-black-sn850x-2tb-internal-
           | ss...
        
         | shmerl wrote:
         | I noticed that too. What does it mean? That demand is sinking
         | or that costs are going down?
        
           | dragontamer wrote:
           | Computer parts are always high-margin. They're made out of
           | purified sand after all, the raw materials of chips is
           | excessively cheap.
           | 
           | The ultimate price that consumers pay is very much related to
           | demand and less about costs. The economics of chips is very
           | interesting: its very expensive to design and develop a chip.
           | But making additional copies of chips (or mass producing any
           | design, really) is extremely cheap.
           | 
           | -------------
           | 
           | So yes, computer parts will go up in price mostly in reaction
           | to demand. And they'll go down in price mostly in reaction to
           | demand.
           | 
           | The long-term investment into computers is not guaranteed
           | however. It takes $Billions to design a modern chip, which is
           | the hard part in practice. To run a computer company means to
           | sell enough chips to fund the next generation. But for any
           | given week or day of the year, the price of those chips can
           | be whatever anyone feels like... really.
        
             | mschuster91 wrote:
             | > Computer parts are always high-margin. They're made out
             | of purified sand after all, the raw materials of chips is
             | excessively cheap.
             | 
             | The purification and especially the lithography (aka making
             | actual chips out of a silicon disk) is what is expensive.
             | The machines are _pricey_ as fuck - a single line from ASML
             | alone costs 200 million dollars, and that 's just the
             | machines for the lithography, not including the machinery
             | that makes the ultra pure monocrystals, that slices them,
             | or that cuts and packages them, or the cleanrooms and the
             | remaining support infrastructure. Or the extremely
             | specialized staff you need to actually operate them.
             | 
             | And it's a ton of money involved with _very_ long lead
             | times - say you 're TSMC, you get an order for a batch of
             | chips, and even if you had capacity starting tomorrow, the
             | 700 steps to the final product take three months [1].
             | That's a massive amount of capital to be stuck for months,
             | and errors can waste all of that.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.seattletimes.com/business/technology/three-
             | month...
        
         | tschwimmer wrote:
         | Got a link/model number? I'm always down for a new drive.
        
           | dragontamer wrote:
           | There's lots and lots of 2TB drives under $100 available.
           | Just picking one that I know of:
           | 
           | https://www.westerndigital.com/products/internal-
           | drives/wd-b...
        
         | FredPret wrote:
         | Makes me wonder why I bother with anything in the cloud at all!
        
         | mschuster91 wrote:
         | Meanwhile, Apple charges hundreds of dollars at purchase time
         | for 256GB more storage. And it's non-upgradable on top of that.
        
           | hdjjhhvvhga wrote:
           | Sometimes I feel they are just testing our limits. Same with
           | iPhone price increases. I guess they are going to continue
           | until the net profits decrease.
        
             | mschuster91 wrote:
             | Well, if they continue on that path the EU will mandate
             | upgradeable storage next.
             | 
             | I get why they do it though, my 2022 MB Air is _serious_
             | competition against my work 2019 16 " MBP. Far superior
             | battery life, similar display quality (WTF that notch
             | though), feels just as snappy with IntelliJ, 200+ Chrome
             | tabs and Docker, and all of that despite just 16 GB RAM. No
             | way to do that unless you got _fast_ storage directly
             | adjacent to the CPU so users don 't notice swapping.
        
               | manderley wrote:
               | The SSD isn't all that fast with the Air, though.
        
         | 7373737373 wrote:
         | We have to counter with even more resource hungry and
         | inefficient software of course
        
           | Hamuko wrote:
           | I don't really know how to trash the SSD in my software.
        
             | vvanders wrote:
             | Flash wear says hello.
        
             | kccqzy wrote:
             | Run something like Chia.
             | 
             | (Obviously not an endorsement.)
        
             | CameronNemo wrote:
             | Cache videos on disk _aggressively_
        
             | xw4002 wrote:
             | I don't really know what software you write, but trashing
             | flash from software is a thing.
             | 
             | https://www.tomshardware.com/news/flash-memory-wear-
             | killing-...
        
           | kylehotchkiss wrote:
           | It sounds like we need to port more software to Electron
        
           | jjoonathan wrote:
           | o7
           | 
           | I'm doing my part!
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | I have my Windows installer raring to go
        
               | jjoonathan wrote:
               | Real talk: ever since I put Windows and Linux on separate
               | SSDs, rather than simply separate partitions, they
               | haven't killed each others' bootloaders _once_. Best $100
               | I ever spent.
               | 
               | My second tip for solving incompetent software with
               | redundant hardware: TOSLink -> 1Mii Bluetooth Transmitter
               | to avoid the catastrophic linux bluetooth stack. It's
               | brilliant. TOSLink = no buzzing from inadequate shielding
               | next to digital lines (or "AI audio" noise floor massacre
               | or popping or...) and no software bluetooth = OS can't
               | screw up pairing _and_ that OS switching can 't screw up
               | the pairing. I did this in a moment of rage after the Nth
               | time dumping hours into yet another linux bluetooth issue
               | only to find that someone had submitted a patch years ago
               | but project management hadn't reviewed the patch for a
               | year and then banned the person who submitted the patch
               | for complaining that nobody was reviewing his patches >.<
        
               | sgtnoodle wrote:
               | I have windows on a separate SSD, and grub still stops
               | working whenever I update my motherboard firmware...
        
               | jjoonathan wrote:
               | Condolences. I wish I had a second trick for you but I
               | don't.
        
               | sgtnoodle wrote:
               | At least I can fix it from Windows, because it's just
               | some uefi parameter that gets borked. I have the command
               | in a text file on my desktop.
        
               | ykonstant wrote:
               | Any specifics about the second paragraph anecdote? It
               | seems like a serious scandal.
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | The sorry state of Bluetooth on Linux is well known at
               | that point. Android had to roll their own stack because
               | the standard BlueZ on Linux is a fucking _pain_.
        
               | jjoonathan wrote:
               | Hmm doesn't look like I wrote it in my journal but yeah,
               | it was pretty gross. The reason given for the ban was
               | some swearing in the message, but to my intuition the
               | profanity was pretty tame, well-deserved, and ultimately
               | just an excuse.
               | 
               | I do remember the bug: Bose headphones have a low quality
               | mode and a high quality mode (low quality frees bandwidth
               | for microphone and maybe latency), and the linux
               | bluetooth stack defaulted to the low bandwidth mode so
               | aggressively that even if you changed the script to set
               | high bandwidth mode it would immediately set back.
               | 
               | I have no idea if the bug is fixed because this happened
               | in 2020 and I haven't thought about desktop bluetooth
               | since 2020 because TOSLink->1Mii Bluetooth Transmitter
               | solved all my problems with it.
        
         | gavi wrote:
         | except for H100s from NVIDIA. Waiting for them to go down in
         | price
        
           | gtirloni wrote:
           | They are in a separate bubble right now.
        
         | _hypx wrote:
         | That's entirely consistently with Moore's Law in NAND chips. I
         | honestly think they were gouging us by not dropping prices
         | earlier.
        
         | Kye wrote:
         | I'm holding out for $100-200 8TB versions before I fill out the
         | empty slot in my laptop and max out the RAM. Having all my in-
         | use video, samples, and Kontakt libraries on-board would make
         | life a lot easier.
        
           | djbusby wrote:
           | Recently found a 4TB Samsung for ~200 USD
        
       | christkv wrote:
       | Good hopefully the prices will slide back towards pre pandemic
       | levels making it more affordable for people
        
         | bradleyjg wrote:
         | Houses too ...
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | i'd be happy with a car
        
             | foobarian wrote:
             | I wouldn't mind a Nvidia RTX 3090.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | I'd prefer that Mazda RTX 3090
        
               | radicalbyte wrote:
               | ..and a 4090 for the 1000 EUR it should cost, not the
               | 1900 EUR..
        
           | AYBABTME wrote:
           | If anything, houses are going to stagnate until inflation
           | catch up. No politician will want to sit in office while
           | overseeing a nation-wide collapse of property value, this
           | would tear the fabric of society too much. People can stomach
           | making a stagnating investment, but they can't stomach making
           | an investment that loses value, especially not when the
           | investment is touted as a no-brainer and basic life goal
           | investment by everyone (the American Dream).
        
           | seydor wrote:
           | houses need to reverse decades
        
             | cloverich wrote:
             | The last few years in particular have seen a dramatic rise
             | in housing prices[1]. Reversing even a few years would
             | dramatically increase affordability for many people.
             | 
             | [1]: https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/MSPUS
        
               | karmicthreat wrote:
               | Yea, but it would probably put many people underwater on
               | loans.
        
           | HDThoreaun wrote:
           | This countries middle class will turn into single issue
           | voters if housing prices ever go down. Politicians are too
           | scared of them to let it happen.
        
           | panick21_ wrote:
           | You don't heal 50 years of bad urban planning and bad housing
           | policy in a short time.
        
             | bradleyjg wrote:
             | The last three years make the run up to 2008 look like the
             | salt flats. There's a long term issue but an immediate
             | crisis.
        
       | andrewcamel wrote:
       | Do they report the % of revenue from AI / data center chips vs
       | all others? Or is there a way to derive it? Surprising to hear
       | the slump given what we're seeing in AI-driven GPU demand. I
       | guess that's just not as meaningful a portion of the TSMC
       | business as I would've thought.
        
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       (page generated 2023-07-21 23:02 UTC)