[HN Gopher] Cold restart whole system after total outage
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Cold restart whole system after total outage
        
       Author : dmazin
       Score  : 25 points
       Date   : 2023-07-19 20:06 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.evalapply.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.evalapply.org)
        
       | jacquesm wrote:
       | This is very interesting in the context of power infrastructure
       | as well. As we found out the hard way during the 2003 power
       | blackout in North America.
        
         | rdhatt wrote:
         | Practical Engineering did a video on the complexity of bringing
         | a power grid back online, called "black start" (not cold
         | start).
         | 
         | https://practical.engineering/blog/2022/12/5/what-is-a-black...
        
       | lantry wrote:
       | In the anecdote about Bill and the DISASTER script, I'm not so
       | sure that deleting the script would be such a big deal. If this
       | script hasn't been touched since the 1980s and nobody knows what
       | it does, presumably nobody has tested it recently.
       | 
       | It seems like if there really was a disaster, first of all nobody
       | would know that script existed, and second of all if they tried
       | to run the script, it would fail because of all the changes to
       | the system since the script was initially developed.
       | 
       | Isn't there some saying like "if you don't test your backups, you
       | don't have backups" or something like that?
        
         | LeoPanthera wrote:
         | I bet it still would have been a useful template for a human to
         | read to get a general idea of what things to do and in what
         | order.
        
           | wkdneidbwf wrote:
           | good luck reading 10k lines of shell written decades ago. it
           | would likely be an incredible waste of time.
        
         | wkdneidbwf wrote:
         | right? that whole bit reads like some lame parable. like who in
         | there right mind is going to run a 10k line shell script named
         | DISASTER they've never read and cannot read because it's 10k
         | lines of shell? there is apparently no documentation (and
         | positively no tests)? one guy close to retirement remembers
         | what it's for and says "don't delete this critical but of
         | code!"
         | 
         | it's just utter bullshit.
        
       | anotherhue wrote:
       | IMO if you can't cold start it you probably can't develop against
       | it very quickly.
       | 
       | Then again we couldn't cold start a supply chain or a semi fab or
       | humanity itself so maybe that's the default.
        
         | bamfly wrote:
         | You may enjoy the first episode of James Burke's _Connections_
         | ( "The Trigger Effect"), if you've not seen it.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NcOb3Dilzjc
        
           | anotherhue wrote:
           | I enjoyed the one in the Witness but hadn't gotten around to
           | the rest, thanks for the excellent recommendation!
           | https://archive.org/details/james-burke-connections_s01e10
        
         | JohnFen wrote:
         | Every new semi fab that comes online was cold-started.
        
           | anotherhue wrote:
           | With the output of the prior generations was my point.
        
       | johngalt wrote:
       | At a certain point, you aren't doing a cold restart, but a high
       | speed recreation of the system based on prioritized needs.
        
       | tivert wrote:
       | > Another colleague in the chat remarked up-thread (apropos cold
       | reboot thinking):
       | 
       | > I have seen this at <Indian eCommerce Giant> and at <a FAANG>.
       | Most of it is related to cached data. Cold starts with empty
       | caches causes too much load on databases. And then the failures
       | cascade.
       | 
       | > -- Another M'colleague in the Slackroom.
       | 
       | Isn't that not really a problem with cold restart per se, but
       | more the restart procedure? If caches are so critical, wouldn't
       | you need a feature to throttle the load to what the databases can
       | handle, as the caches populate? E.g., if you're cold-rebooting
       | Facebook, start by blocking all connections except those
       | geolocated to North Dakota, then add other regions as your caches
       | fill.
        
       | nickdothutton wrote:
       | It's been a few years but I used to run DR exercises for
       | corporates. Cold start means your only possessions are the fire
       | proof suitcase full of LTO-5s and the street address of the DR
       | data center. 1 day to bootstrap essential infra services, after
       | the end of the 2nd day you'd have most customer facing systems
       | up, day 3 would be the non-essential stuff. Personally I'd do it
       | without sleep, but most of the youngsters would need a break.
       | Pretty exhilarating, as IT work goes. Always use the feature that
       | generates multiple index tapes of what backup set is on what
       | numbered tape :-)
        
       | gumby wrote:
       | The full telephone system, which the author starts with, may not
       | be restartable. Sure, you could restart the SS7 databases and
       | computers, but the control plane runs over the data plane, which
       | is configured via...the control plane. Originally the network
       | controls were literally operators (humans), but bit by bit parts
       | were incrementally automated, pulling the system slowly (over
       | decades) by its bootstraps, which were gradually decommissioned
       | as they weren't needed any more.
       | 
       | I have a friend who knows a _lot_ about the phone system (he has
       | a security clearance for some of his telephone work) one time we
       | had a long conversation about this topic, until at one point he
       | said  "and let's talk about something else" -- I guess from that
       | point some of the details are classified. So maybe there is a
       | plan, or maybe they just designed the system in such a way that
       | they could convince themselves that it would not go down unless
       | things were so severe that loss of the phone system would not be
       | your chief worry.
       | 
       | ---
       | 
       | In September 2001 there was a full standdown of US airspace. That
       | was accomplished pretty quickly: "you are ordered to land
       | immediately on the closest airport that can handle your aircraft,
       | or be shot down". Undoing that, however, took some careful
       | planning! Fortunately the standdown lasted several days so there
       | was time to work it out. Even if you had a plan for this (and I
       | assume FAA had one), figuring out what the realities on the
       | ground were and matching them up with the plan was nontrivial.
       | 
       | Apparently some of the planes landed where they could not take of
       | again unless they were empty with a small amount of fuel to get
       | to an airport designed for them. I don't believe I heard that any
       | planes landed where they could _never_ leave.
        
         | protastus wrote:
         | > So maybe there is a plan, or maybe they just designed the
         | system in such a way that they could convince themselves that
         | it would not go down unless things were so severe that loss of
         | the phone system would not be your chief worry.
         | 
         | My belief from working in very large companies, and
         | (previously) in mission critical systems is that a clean
         | bootstrap and recovery process is extremely unlikely, almost
         | impossible. Because in complex systems full of legacy parts and
         | people who have long retired, the stars won't align.
         | 
         | The only way to truly know is to design and periodically test
         | for disaster scenarios (emphasis on the plural). But due to the
         | scale in time and space, cost and bureaucracy, this planning
         | and rehearsing is not going to happen with the desired detail
         | and intensity. People do not seriously plan for things that
         | have never happened.
         | 
         | If it does happen, there will be a small group of extremely
         | capable people that will find a way to bootstrap the system. It
         | won't be according to some previously laid out plans -- they
         | will make the plan in real time. They're not famous and
         | probably never will be.
        
       | drbawb wrote:
       | I'm reminded of Bryan Cantrill's talk "Debugging Under Fire"[1],
       | which includes a retrospective of sorts about an entire
       | datacenter rebooting.[2] That is a pretty large-scale disaster,
       | but even that is a rung below a continent-wide outage. Poor
       | "Bill" must have saw the proverbial light when he heard some
       | folks wanted to trash the DIASTER script.
       | 
       | [1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=30jNsCVLpAE
       | 
       | [2]: https://www.tritondatacenter.com/blog/postmortem-for-
       | outage-...
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-07-19 23:01 UTC)