[HN Gopher] Microsoft lost its keys, and the government got hacked
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Microsoft lost its keys, and the government got hacked
        
       Author : tim_sw
       Score  : 260 points
       Date   : 2023-07-18 10:30 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (techcrunch.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (techcrunch.com)
        
       | Incipient wrote:
       | What's with all this fairly overt state sponsored hacking and
       | everyone going "aww shucks" and moving on quietly?
        
         | mikrotikker wrote:
         | War with China already started in the cyber space. In fact its
         | probably the pre war intelligence gathering and backdoor
         | installations
        
       | dgoodell wrote:
       | I work for NASA. Our budget is like $25B. We're definitely
       | inefficient and wasteful, but we still do a lot of new things.
       | Just not nearly as much as we could.
       | 
       | Microsoft's operating budget was like $123B last year. There are
       | bugs in office products that have been there for years
       | 
       | What exactly are they doing with all that money?
        
         | sundarurfriend wrote:
         | Funding the current AI revolution, for example?
         | 
         | https://techcrunch.com/2019/07/22/microsoft-invests-1-billio...
         | https://techcrunch.com/2023/01/23/microsoft-invests-billions...
         | https://www.reuters.com/technology/microsoft-talks-invest-10...
        
         | diarrhea wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
         | jdm2212 wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
           | notjoemama wrote:
           | Ah, no, but point taken. I can't think of an example myself
           | because I don't know how Nasa functions.
           | 
           | Besides that, I think the valid critique (without the
           | subtext) is, it's probably not a good comparison to measure a
           | very large companies failings to a much smaller companies
           | failings because their size is a definitively weighted factor
           | in the outcome.
           | 
           | The caveat that I would add, is Nasa is publicly funded and
           | it's probably ok to ask the question in the public interest.
           | For private companies like Microsoft, just stop buying their
           | products.
        
             | oskarw85 wrote:
             | "Just stop buying their products" is silly answer when
             | those products are epitome of corporate IT offerings.
             | Especially where people doing "the buying" are completely
             | different than people doing the support.
             | 
             | On the contrary - criticism should be loud, clear and
             | persistent. Being private company does not make you immune
             | to criticism.
        
         | mistrial9 wrote:
         | you the user are not the customer, management and legal are the
         | customer. You the user, are last, and least, in the priorities.
        
           | krono wrote:
           | Based on my own dealings with Microsoft from such a
           | management role over the years:
           | 
           | The only customer Microsoft seems to care about or is really
           | even cognizant of its responsibilities towards, is Microsoft
           | itself. Every single one of its products and services exists
           | solely because and only for as long as some division of
           | Microsoft believes it requires those specific things and
           | whatever they're meant to evolve into over time, in order to
           | manage its increasingly complex and ever expanding internal
           | operations.
           | 
           | It's like a snake eating its own tail.
        
       | JamesonNetworks wrote:
       | Seems like they are assuming the same key was used to forge
       | tokens and jump from that assumption to the conclusion that they
       | found all instances of requests. If more keys were used to
       | generate more tokens, isn't it possible this attack had a much
       | wider surface area?
        
         | breadwinner wrote:
         | As a rule of thumb, hacks are _always_ worse than initially
         | thought. See
         | https://circles.page/5680a56b5c28af0998656e09/Hacks-worse-th...
        
         | jamesjuicy55 wrote:
         | Absolutely. Maybe Louisiana and Oregon DMV hacks?
        
       | amai wrote:
       | What do you expect? Microsoft is a gaming company. They don't
       | care about security.
        
       | 666satanhimself wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
       | > Microsoft still doesn't know -- or want to share -- how China-
       | backed hackers stole a key that allowed them to stealthily break
       | into dozens of email inboxes, including those belonging to
       | several federal government agencies.
        
         | dralley wrote:
         | Speculation: insider threat
        
           | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
           | That would be my amateur guess as well which scares me in a
           | couple of ways.
        
       | Zelphyr wrote:
       | I hate to go negative. I really do because, usually it doesn't
       | improve the discourse whatsoever.
       | 
       | However, I feel like it needs to be said: Microsoft makes bad
       | products[1]! They're overpriced, insecure, slow (it's astounding
       | to me how slow their web properties are), and hard to use. Easily
       | some of the worst UI I've ever seen and, what's worse, they've
       | been like that my entire career. They keep slapping lipstick on
       | the same pigs and claiming to have reinvented themselves.
       | 
       | Their support is so ungodly bad that it literally took one of
       | their reps over a day to figure out what timezone I'm in.
       | Meanwhile, two of my employees' emails were being randomly CC'd
       | to the CEO for no apparent reason. The cause? Nobody knows. It
       | just stopped happening. Even Microsoft couldn't tell me why it
       | happened.
       | 
       | With a $2.5 trillion market cap, it may seem like they're killing
       | it but, I really think they're riding on momentum just like IBM
       | did. Twenty years ago, IBM's market cap was double what is is now
       | and, in my experience, their products are every bit as bad
       | (admittedly, I have almost no exposure to their big iron
       | products).
       | 
       | So, what are our alternatives? I know many people who don't like
       | Apple for various reasons. Linux on the desktop has been promised
       | for 20 years. It's closer than it has ever been to being a solid
       | replacement but I don't know that it's quite there yet.
       | 
       | It saddens me to say, I don't know what the answer is. I just
       | know that we need to get away from Microsoft products and fast.
       | 
       | 1: In my experience, the only two exceptions are VS Code and SQL
       | Server.
        
         | orangepurple wrote:
         | Linux on the desktop is here. Go all-in on KDE. Everything is
         | seamless and just works.
        
           | ElectricalUnion wrote:
           | The only Linux desktop environment that I found that looks
           | and feels integrated and polished is Gnome, but that is
           | because it's a slow as molasses, corporate focused and dumbed
           | down copycat of the other mainstream OSes.
        
           | azinman2 wrote:
           | This has nothing to do with large scale enterprise email
           | security.
        
             | sudosysgen wrote:
             | It does. Outlook is where it is for email because of
             | Windows.
        
           | mceachen wrote:
           | > seamless and just works
           | 
           | Just say "better." Gnome and KDE are decidedly not perfect,
           | but they are both quite usable even by casual windows-only
           | non-techies.
           | 
           | FWIW I've been using Linux as my primary desktop OS for more
           | than 20 years--it does no one any good to oversell it.
           | Touchpad scrolling rate is still broken on Gnome/Firefox.
           | Angels have to sing (or use xorg) to make s3 suspend work.
           | Fedora auto-update can break if there's "too many" packages
           | to update. Touchpad scrolling can be misinterpreted as swipe-
           | left or swipe-right by KDE on some hardware.
           | 
           | The point is, if you bang against any of these sorts of
           | issues in Windows, you're frequently stymied. On Linux, you
           | can either fix it, or at least route around the damage with
           | an alternative.
        
           | naikrovek wrote:
           | > Everything is seamless and just works.
           | 
           | I have zero confidence in that testimonial, given my own
           | experience with open source desktop environments, and KDE.
           | zero confidence whatsoever.
        
             | mikrotikker wrote:
             | I'm 12 years into Linux on the desktop. It's amazing.
             | Converted my non computer friend to it. My partner freaked
             | when windows 10 tried to install itself years ago, and she
             | switched. I play triple A games on it via steam. Our TV PC
             | runs it.
             | 
             | The experience is so much better I really don't get this
             | mentality.
        
             | ElectricalUnion wrote:
             | If you really think about it from the point of view of
             | defaults, Windows is a even worse mess.
             | 
             | * You often _need_ to do non-standard system tweaks to get
             | the system in a working state. It 's everything-
             | doesn't-work-by-default.
             | 
             | * You often _need_ to install /prevent instalation of bad
             | quality drivers and associated bundleware to make devices
             | work.
             | 
             | * Microsoft can't decide what UI framework they will
             | support (or drop support) so built-in applications happens
             | to be built with the current "thing", the old ones staying
             | on the older unsupported frameworks.
             | 
             | * You _need_ to constantly tweak a combination of Windows
             | 3.11 control applets, Windows 95 control panel applets,
             | Windows 7 unified control panel glass, and Metro Settings
             | Universal Windows Platform app to keep things working.
             | 
             | * Microsoft can't decide what random widgets go on the
             | taskbar, or the file manager, or your start menu, so it's
             | always disrupting things every few updates.
             | 
             | It is arriving at a point where the only "consistent" UI
             | thing in Windows is Steam, and Steam isn't built-in, and is
             | a hot mess of inconsistent UI itself.
        
           | o1y32 wrote:
           | None of the comments here seem to address desktop OS in
           | enterprise/government environment, which is what this article
           | about. Linux desktop OS your personal computer? Sure. In an
           | organization where most users are not technical, and where
           | vendors do not release their software? Good luck.
        
           | kingrazor wrote:
           | My experiences with Linux have been anything but seamless.
        
             | yoyohello13 wrote:
             | Similar to my experience with Windows TBH.
        
         | formerly_proven wrote:
         | > However, I feel like it needs to be said: Microsoft makes bad
         | products[1]! They're overpriced, insecure, slow (it's
         | astounding to me how slow their web properties are), and hard
         | to use. Easily some of the worst UI I've ever seen and, what's
         | worse, they've been like that my entire career. They keep
         | slapping lipstick on the same pigs and claiming to have
         | reinvented themselves.
         | 
         | Some think tank should make an analysis how many billions of
         | dollars are lost in productivity across the globe if you
         | compare the current MS Office stuff to an alternate of "the
         | Windows 2000-era stuff, but with security patches" or "the FOSS
         | office stack, with more money behind it".
         | 
         | Anyone wanna estimate how many digits that number has?
         | 
         | (Teams, while being ungodly slow, at least has the value
         | proposition of being an integrated product - persistent chat,
         | file sharing and voice / video calls - that really didn't exist
         | in 2000)
        
         | naikrovek wrote:
         | what does this have to do with the article, though? You just
         | had a rant ready for when you saw a Microsoft-is-at-fault story
         | came up?
        
         | MrDresden wrote:
         | After spending 5 years of corporate work having to wrestle with
         | Azure (in a ci/cd capacity) I would never recommend Microsoft's
         | cloud offerings to anyone.
         | 
         | Problem is that there is no other provider I would rather
         | recommend. They are all bad in one way or another.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | AWS is pretty decent in my experience, and when managed with
           | Terraform (which is all but a requirement if you don't want
           | to go completely b0nkers) it's a breeze to manage.
        
             | tracker1 wrote:
             | And this is one place where I think Azure does better... I
             | mean, the UI/UX sucks, but at least you _can_ do everything
             | in the UI without loosing too many brain cells. Google and
             | AWS seem to require automation tooling to make sense, which
             | IMO makes all of it harder to learn in practice. I tend to
             | like learning some of those things visually first, then
             | automate out of necessity as opposed to the other way
             | around.
             | 
             | Not that I'm tethered to Azure... I've used a combination
             | of dedicated server, DigitalOcean and Cloudflare for my
             | personal stuff... though just started delving into the
             | Cloudflare (edge compute) stuff.
             | 
             | There are definitely ups and downs to them all.
        
               | psadauskas wrote:
               | I'm not sure I agree completely. When I was learning
               | Terraform, trying to figure out what the options a
               | resource had and some of the possible values, I'd make
               | the change in the AWS UI, then re-run Terraform to see
               | what it wanted to change back. There weren't a whole lot
               | of things in aWS that didn't have a UI to configure
               | _somewhere_.
        
           | badrabbit wrote:
           | The big red issue with MS is they elaborately make it very
           | difficult to integrate outside their ecosystem and they love
           | holding customers hostage to ridiculous restrictions, but
           | also Azure is very difficult to centrally manage things for
           | all subscriptions. Others are as well but not as much. I
           | actually like the azure UI and CLI as well as many if their
           | offerings, but it's so difficult to piece together a bigger
           | picture or make small changes without doing a ton of work and
           | more MS products being involved.
           | 
           | Also,unrelated: Azure AD is now "Entra ID" (????) now lol.
        
             | lostmsu wrote:
             | Yeah, that Entra ID was the biggest "why?" moment I had in
             | years. Seeing the new name no better or even worse than the
             | old one I can already imagine the pain of renaming
             | packages, namespaces, fixing documentation etc. Probably
             | the most expensive marketing campaign with 0 gain I am
             | aware of.
        
               | Spooky23 wrote:
               | That's easy and makes sense.
               | 
               | Azure AD was initially a shim to enable O365. Now it's
               | evolved into a pretty awesome identity platform for
               | Enterprise and B2C.
               | 
               | The problem is M365 adoption (ie O365 + the other crap)
               | is high. So they are out of stuff to sell. Entra will add
               | the governance and compliance bullshit and increase
               | revenue.
               | 
               | End of the day, Microsoft chisels $38-55/head for every
               | corporate worker. Services are all about cash flow, so
               | they are looking to grow that up to $100 user/month.
               | Every $1 of subscription spend is like $400 on the
               | scorecard for the bonuses of SVP staff.
               | 
               | Because of anti-trust, they can't just do what Adobe does
               | and raise the price every few months. They just keep
               | adding services and move stuff around in the bundles.
               | M365 Plus+ E9 with Entra technology will give you $350 in
               | value for only $103/month!
        
             | ourmandave wrote:
             | Entra ID. As someone trying to get up to speed on Azure AD,
             | suddenly all the recent tutorials I've watched are out of
             | date. Very frustrating.
             | 
             | Same story when they moved to MSAL a few years ago.
        
           | flopriore wrote:
           | "Problem is that there is no other provider I would rather
           | recommend. They are all bad in one way or another."
           | 
           | Could you explain a little further what you don't like about
           | Azure and why you would still recommend it over the
           | competitors?
        
             | jiggawatts wrote:
             | Not the OP, but: it's just sloppy. There is zero QA other
             | than end-users bitching.
             | 
             | I recently collected some notes of bugs and errors for an
             | MS rep. I was setting up _just_ a .NET web app with a SQL
             | back end, as simple and vanilla as it gets.
             | 
             | I found 60 bugs.
             | 
             | SIXTY!!!
        
           | GordonS wrote:
           | As a counterpoint:
           | 
           | I've worked with both Azure cloud and Azure DevOps (or
           | whatever the feck they call it now) for a long time (maybe 10
           | years?), a lot in a corporate setting, but also for my
           | startup.
           | 
           | Apart from the same price issues that exist across all the
           | big 3 cloud providers, I actually really like Azure.
        
             | jiggawatts wrote:
             | I love the conceptual framework and high level architecture
             | of Azure: Resource Manager, sane naming compared to AWS,
             | etc...
             | 
             | What I hate is the unfathomably sloppy implementation that
             | their developers refuse to fix unless held at gun point.
             | 
             | You literally have to have an MS account manager about to
             | miss out on millions of dollars to force a trivial fix
             | through their pipeline.
             | 
             | They have zero "customer obsession."
        
           | whynotkeithberg wrote:
           | I like the Azure bash cli... That's about the only thing I
           | like from Azure.
        
             | Jochim wrote:
             | I moved from Azure to AWS.
             | 
             | App Insights, DevOps pipelines, and WebApp slots look like
             | future tech when compared to codepipelines and x-ray.
             | 
             | DevOps in particular feels so close to being a really great
             | tool. Not having to jump between 8 different UIs to deploy
             | something is magical. If only they'd polish the rough bits
             | and invest a bit more into it.
        
               | silverbax88 wrote:
               | We use DevOps for pipelines, but AWS for our prod cloud
               | environment.
        
               | Jochim wrote:
               | I'm hoping to push us that way, some hurdles with getting
               | buy in from the whole team though.
               | 
               | That's why I wish DevOps made it a really clear cut
               | choice. There's some really low hanging fruit and silly
               | decisions that spoil the initial impression:
               | 
               | YAML pipelines have been the "official" option for at
               | least 4 years now but when I create a new project, every
               | issue has a "deployments" section that tells me it only
               | supports classic releases. Classic pipelines/releases can
               | now be disabled at the project level at least.
               | 
               | They're introducing a new widget that shows open pull
               | requests across repositories but for an absolutely insane
               | reason it's limited to 10 repositories, just why...
               | 
               | Environments still have no support for resources other
               | than VMs and AKS.
               | 
               | The mandatory "sprints" backlog is just stupid as well.
               | It's a clear artificial limitation rather than one
               | necessitated by the platform.
               | 
               | Another issue is that Microsoft have done a poor job at
               | communicating the potential longevity of the platform.
               | The Github acquisition is the first thing that gets
               | mentioned when DevOps is brought up as an option, which
               | is a shame because DevOps feels much more
               | capable/cohesive/advanced than GitHub.
               | 
               | Despite these problems it's still been the tool with the
               | absolute least friction and most potential when it comes
               | to organised development work. The alternatives I've used
               | come nowhere close.
        
         | azinman2 wrote:
         | I'd go with Gmail...
        
           | genmud wrote:
           | Their pricing has become bonkers over the last few years.
           | Most people in traditional businesses need o365 for
           | word/excel/powerpoint, and you effectively get email for
           | free, so for many companies its a no brainer.
        
             | azinman2 wrote:
             | Until this happens
        
         | navigate8310 wrote:
         | > So, what are our alternatives? I know many people who don't
         | like Apple for various reasons. Linux on the desktop has been
         | promised for 20 years. It's closer than it has ever been to
         | being a solid replacement but I don't know that it's quite
         | there yet.
         | 
         | When most people hear the word "Microsoft," their initial
         | thoughts typically revolve around Windows and, at most, Office.
         | However, it is important to note that a significant portion of
         | Microsoft's profits actually comes from their Dynamics 365
         | offerings.
        
         | mschuster91 wrote:
         | > With a $2.5 trillion market cap, it may seem like they're
         | killing it but, I really think they're riding on momentum just
         | like IBM did. Twenty years ago, IBM's market cap was double
         | what is is now and, in my experience, their products are every
         | bit as bad (admittedly, I have almost no exposure to their big
         | iron products).
         | 
         | People are only not shitting on IBM so much anymore because
         | they sold off Lotus Notes...
        
           | fatfingerd wrote:
           | I don't see Lotus Notes as all that different than other
           | Offices products developed by big Tech. I think it would be
           | similar to Google's business platform with some more legacy
           | automation but not unlike SalesForce or ServiceNow.
           | 
           | Having used Microsoft recently, after Google for work, I'm
           | absolutely flabbergasted at how terrible Word, Teams,
           | Outlook, etc are. I would describe the average Microsoft
           | product as a zombie in its own feature set, at war with a
           | different version of itself, and attempting to steal organs
           | from other products to try to transition to every possible
           | entirely different role in the suite.
           | 
           | Attempting to use a Microsoft product is like watching
           | developers capitulate to some kind of bizarre internal
           | political war between Product managers.
        
         | yoyohello13 wrote:
         | It's even more hilarious because Microsoft are always loudly
         | exclaiming telemetry is necessary for software improvement but
         | based on how buggy and terrible most of their software is
         | telemetry doesn't seem to be helping.
        
         | giancarlostoro wrote:
         | > It saddens me to say, I don't know what the answer is.
         | 
         | I think the answer is a company willing to put in the work to
         | force GPU manufacturers to provide high quality hardware
         | drivers for a commercial Linux Distro. I mean all out
         | partnership with the various vendors. Then sell prebuilts,
         | maybe someone like System76 has come close, or has the capacity
         | to do so. The Linux issues for me always seem to be hardware
         | specific. Then its just making sure whatever the default DE is,
         | has enough necessary polish.
        
           | taeric wrote:
           | I'm curious on the non-sequitur to GPU stuff? At large,
           | running machine learning code has been easily doable in linux
           | for a long time. Frustratingly hard, yes, but no harder than
           | in Windows. Often more repeatable and cheaper to fan out to a
           | fleet of machines, to boot.
           | 
           | Is there another aim of GPU that I'm ignoring?
           | 
           | Microsoft makes fine enterprise software, sadly. To know and
           | believe that, though, you have to see what the alternatives
           | are in the enterprise world. It is atrociously bad.
           | 
           | I do think Chromebooks are an interesting use case showing
           | you don't need massive software. Schools have taken to those
           | very well and are almost certainly competing with most
           | enterprises for number of users and use cases.
        
             | marcosdumay wrote:
             | > Microsoft makes fine enterprise software, sadly.
             | 
             | Hum, no they don't. They make shit and use anti-competitive
             | practices to push every other offering out of the market.
             | 
             | The fact that you only see experimental alternatives
             | without the maturity to get any polish is caused by them
             | destroying the competition, not the reason they won.
        
               | taeric wrote:
               | I meant that as a purely "backhanded compliment." The bar
               | is rather low in enterprise software.
               | 
               | That said, fully fair that, even in the field, they
               | probably rely more on bad practices to shoulder out
               | competition than I'm crediting.
        
             | bun_at_work wrote:
             | I think it's because of game development. Many devs target
             | Windows for DirectX, since it's easier and cheaper to
             | target one platform, and Windows dominates desktops, so you
             | won't get gamers to migrate without that support.
             | 
             | There are various ways to get Windows games working on
             | Linux or Mac, but they aren't out of the box, which is
             | significant enough to prevent wide scale adoption.
        
               | taeric wrote:
               | Steam has done an amazing job at attacking this. Though,
               | large studios don't target linux largely because they
               | have very little financial incentive to do so.
               | 
               | And it is more than installed userbase, which is very
               | real. For the major distribution targets, the devkits
               | have a ton of resources poured into them that major
               | studios can't ignore.
               | 
               | That said, still feels like a non-sequitur? I can't
               | imagine "gaming as a target" is a concern for cloud
               | customers. Certainly not the government?
        
           | mistrial9 wrote:
           | people making massive income from the system exactly the way
           | it is, do not care about doing this
        
         | _a_a_a_ wrote:
         | MS SQL dev here, and I disagree because it's been going
         | downhill in terms of code quality and especially documentation
         | for a long while. Absolutely classic example why
         | https://www.mssqltips.com/sqlservertip/3074/use-caution-with...
         | but there are others
        
         | mozman wrote:
         | I have always believed that MS products are designed in a way
         | to maximize the value of commercial support, certificates, etc.
         | 
         | It's walled garden for lack of a better time and solving
         | problems easily and quickly dilutes the value of MSCE and the
         | army of paid consultants that exist.
         | 
         | It is a completely different universe from Linux
        
           | Zelphyr wrote:
           | I've had to get their certifications. They're just as much
           | garbage as the rest of their offerings. The courses they
           | provide are nothing but marketing material. They don't
           | improve your understanding of the products at all.
           | 
           | I found out later that they use their certs as filters for
           | resellers to help Microsoft identify which ones are serious
           | players. What a waste of time and money.
        
             | traceroute66 wrote:
             | > I found out later that they use their certs as filters
             | for resellers to help Microsoft identify which ones are
             | serious players.
             | 
             | If I understand what you are saying correctly, this is not
             | exactly true.
             | 
             | The IT industry is a box-shifting industry, and therefore
             | Microsoft, like all other vendors, differentiate their
             | resellers primarily on dollar-volume.
             | 
             | So the _REAL_ reason a Microsoft reseller is Gold is
             | primarily because they have shifted more product than other
             | resellers on lower tiers.
             | 
             | Sure, to actually get the Gold badge, you need to have X
             | sales-reps who've passed the course and Y technicians
             | who've passed that course. But bodies-with-certs are by
             | comparison a very minor secondary criteria.
             | 
             | The key criteria is always that your company has sold
             | $big_number per year. Your entire organisation can be
             | hiring exclusively Microsoft certified people, but you
             | ain't getting the badge unless you're shifting the product
             | no matter how many certified people you have on staff.
             | 
             | And that is why Gold certified is meaningless. Because all
             | it tells me as a customer is you've got good sales-reps on
             | team.
        
       | nubinetwork wrote:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36690598
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36692494
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36693121
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36693469
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36694188
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36696413
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36696852
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36697272
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36699844
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36704776
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36705671
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36708294
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36713560
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36716028
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36719412
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36722538
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36731110
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36731308
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36731731
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36736306
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36740133
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36757016
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36757512
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36759808
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36759865
        
         | michaelteter wrote:
         | Perhaps preceding your list of related links you could state
         | that the following is a list of (recent?) related HN
         | submissions.
        
           | sysop073 wrote:
           | You thought perhaps they commented a list of random unrelated
           | HN submissions?
        
             | michaelteter wrote:
             | The links are all just
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=########. It's obvious
             | they refer to some content on HN, but it could be comments,
             | replies to comments, etc.
             | 
             | By adding a small bit of human text, the human doesn't have
             | to ponder the list and wonder what they will get if they
             | click a link.
             | 
             | And if there were human text, someone arriving by way of
             | the parent comment link would have an easy time
             | understanding the context without having to scan a lot of
             | characters and make assumptions.
        
           | nubinetwork wrote:
           | I'll consider it.
        
             | bozhark wrote:
             | It's implied imo
        
               | abrookewood wrote:
               | Yeah, the submission IDs are all very close.
        
         | yladiz wrote:
         | Just posting these links, some of which have no comments, is a
         | bit much and not actually helpful. It would be better to do a
         | little more curation and choose the most active ones.
        
         | NVHacker wrote:
         | "Use MS products and you will get hacked" is not exactly news,
         | is it ?
        
         | dmvdoug wrote:
         | And yet, fascinatingly, very very little discussion. 60-ish
         | comments was the most on any of those posts.
        
           | TheRealDunkirk wrote:
           | Yeah, this is really, really weird.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
           | Mentioning China negatively is the kiss of death.
        
             | rightbyte wrote:
             | I feel I can't discuss some foreign nations anymore in a
             | critical way since I fear giving mentally unstable war
             | mongers ideas.
        
             | lacrimacida wrote:
             | On HN? I don't see censored comments with China mentions
             | and this thread has been visible yet very few comments.
             | What sort of manipulation I've seen on HN is threads being
             | flagged or drop from top 30 to top 240 within an hour. Im
             | suspect intel agencies have some ability to tilt the scales
             | here on HN.
        
           | formerly_proven wrote:
           | This really surprised me when I learned of this story on the
           | weekend. Very little discussion, very little reception in IT
           | news.
           | 
           | Someone _hacked Azure AD_ [1] and accessed the data of 25+
           | orgs and the reaction is *crickets*?
           | 
           | [1] I'm not exactly sure which Azure component was hacked and
           | the MS communication seems intentionally unclear and obtuse
           | on this. It sounds like the private keys of Azure-internal
           | auth servers were stolen, but technically those private keys
           | were not supposed to work for the accounts/orgs in question,
           | except they did, and, in any case, MS doesn't disclose how
           | the private keys (one? multiple?) of their cloud auth servers
           | were stolen.
        
             | tgv wrote:
             | There was one issue where bing search results could be
             | editted for any query by random users with an AAD account,
             | and made to include a script that sends the Azure
             | credentials of the user that happened to use that query to
             | god-knows-where. And it wasn't the only service that was
             | practically open. And another great thing: there were no
             | logs.
             | 
             | That's an amazingly big, world-wide security hole, and how
             | much interest did it draw? Hey, look, there's a celebrity
             | scandal over there.
        
             | coldpie wrote:
             | I saw the headline scroll by on my Ars Technica feed[1] but
             | I admit I didn't bother to read it because there's like 10
             | major security breaches every single day. Just another one
             | to add to the pile, there's more interesting things to read
             | about.
             | 
             | [1] https://arstechnica.com/security/2023/07/microsoft-
             | takes-pai...
        
             | dhx wrote:
             | Microsoft has published a more technical analysis[1] which
             | was submitted in two of those HN stories mentioned above
             | (which received no interest).
             | 
             | Microsoft have two identity services being MSA and AAD. MSA
             | is used for consumer Microsoft accounts for use with
             | products like Xbox. AAD is Azure AD that businesses use.
             | When a client wants to authenticate to a Microsoft service,
             | it asks MSA to sign a token for services accepting MSA
             | tokens, or asks AAD to sign a token for services accepting
             | AAD tokens. Someone has gained access to an "inactive" (but
             | not "invalidated"/revoked) MSA signing key. It's not stated
             | in the analysis whether Microsoft services such as Xbox
             | would have accepted a token signed with an "inactive" MSA
             | signing key, but it sounds like this may have been the
             | case. It's just consumer privacy and security at stake and
             | the attackers apparently weren't interested in that, so the
             | analysis is rather -\\_(tsu)_/- on consumer impact.
             | 
             | The problem for Microsoft is that they had incorrectly
             | configured OWA API to accept tokens signed by the MSA
             | identity services even when accessing mailboxes that should
             | require an AAD signed token. So now the attacker could
             | access mailboxes for all business and government users
             | around the world (excluding GCC High, DoD, etc which
             | Microsoft state are not exposed to public networks).
             | 
             | Microsoft only found out after one of their diligent
             | customers queried Microsoft on why they were seeing logs
             | for user mailboxes being accessed in unexpected ways.
             | Speculatively (not in the analysis) this may have been
             | noticed as a random IP address outside of allowed subnets
             | accessing mailboxes at odd hours, and the customer checked
             | their AAD configuration to ensure IP subnet restrictions
             | were configured correctly and verified the user was not
             | overseas.
             | 
             | The attacker looks to have been quite careless by accessing
             | OWA API from very obvious red flag locations for legitimate
             | users. For example, the attacker could have used a
             | residential ISP subnet in Washington DC to access a GCC
             | hosted mailbox of a government agency with a presence in
             | Washington DC, and only done so in hours that an employee
             | may be working from home in Washington DC. Or the attacker
             | could have gone after soft targets like small to medium
             | businesses that contract to the government, hoping these
             | soft targets wouldn't be monitoring nor have the ear of
             | Microsoft for prompt incident response. Instead, the
             | attacker has used random dedicated hosting providers in
             | places as far as Europe and accessed mailboxes during hours
             | coinciding with business hours half way between the US and
             | Europe. It's possible the attackers thought this attack
             | would be detected quickly, and therefore were always just
             | going for a hit-and-run approach knowing they'd get their
             | data prior to the attack being noticed and blocked. But it
             | does make the attacker look brazen at best, and
             | unsophisticated and careless at worst.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.microsoft.com/en-
             | us/security/blog/2023/07/14/ana...
             | 
             | [2] https://learn.microsoft.com/en-
             | us/office365/servicedescripti...
        
               | dhx wrote:
               | As an update, the attackers were discovered by the
               | customer due to mailbox access event logs showing an
               | unexpected mail client to access mailbox items.[1][2] The
               | attacker should have spoofed a realistic mail client.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-
               | advisories/aa...
               | 
               | [2] https://learn.microsoft.com/en-
               | us/office365/servicedescripti...
        
               | predictabl3 wrote:
               | Wow. It's hard to say which is worse "our internal apps
               | to control 1P MS properties were marked multi-tenant and
               | did no real AuthZ"... or... "we leaked an MSA signing key
               | and had our token validation so f**ked that (presumably)
               | any signing key was valid for any key-under-test,
               | regardless of expected configuration".
               | 
               | Just stunningly bad and would make me reconsider how much
               | MSFT I hold, except that no one seems to care.
        
             | RVuRnvbM2e wrote:
             | This is not even the first time this year that Azure AD has
             | been owned sideways.
             | 
             | See this mind-blowing blog post from Wiz where they live
             | edited bing.com search results, injected XSS into O365,
             | accessed exabytes of internal MS file storage and more:
             | https://www.wiz.io/blog/azure-active-directory-bing-
             | misconfi...
             | 
             | I have no idea how Azure maintains its reputation as a safe
             | enterprise choice. Microsoft really just has an almost
             | impenetrable reputation I guess?
        
               | dmvdoug wrote:
               | I mean, we're talking about key federal agencies involved
               | as the impacted customer(s), too. Yet it's like, eh, next
               | story.
        
         | djbusby wrote:
         | How did you even get all those so fast?
        
           | nubinetwork wrote:
           | Search box, typed in Microsoft and scrolled through a week's
           | worth of submissions.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | Look at hn.algolia.com, they index pretty much everything on
           | here.
        
       | victor106 wrote:
       | One of the reasons why we moved away from using Microsoft
       | products for our identity management to Okta.
       | 
       | Not that they are bad products per se, but as many organizations
       | use Microsoft products they are prime targets for too many
       | hackers and it's hard going to bed thinking that your identity
       | info might be hacked someday and/or not knowing if it will be.
       | 
       | The surface area that Azure/Microsoft have is just too large for
       | it to assume to be protected by one company whose security as not
       | been the most stellar. So we are actively moving to GCP as well.
        
         | AtNightWeCode wrote:
         | We use MS for some stuff and did use Okta for others. But...
         | Okta fkd up and can never be used in any enterprise today. We
         | migrated from it. Everybody should. Now we use MS and Google.
         | Okta is probably the most over-priced service in history of CS
         | especially considering the poor sec design. They do however
         | solve the US-Franchise-Corp bs that I guess it was designed
         | for.
        
         | fsociety wrote:
         | Okta is also a prime target for hackers, and likely has a
         | smaller security budget than Microsoft.
        
         | likecarter wrote:
         | Okta has been hacked a couple times now...
        
           | azemetre wrote:
           | Was about to say, wasn't all their source code stolen too?
           | 
           | https://techcrunch.com/2022/12/22/okta-breach-source-code-
           | gi...
           | 
           | Okta looked very bad during the entire saga where they kept
           | denying they were hacked until the proof was insurmountable.
           | Pretty sure there was a large discussion on HN at the time
           | too.
        
             | victor106 wrote:
             | Agree they have shortcomings too, I guess, what I was
             | trying to say is its best not to put all your eggs in one
             | basket and to spread them across different
             | products/companies.
        
               | azinman2 wrote:
               | So, many weak links and no one technical is responsible
               | with the macro vision?
        
           | EthanHeilman wrote:
           | To toot my own companies horn[0] we designed our
           | authentication protocol OpenPubkey[1] to have two signers on
           | tokens:
           | 
           | 1. The IDP signer (like microsoft or google) 2. The Cosigner
           | (like bastionzero.com)
           | 
           | ...so that even if microsoft's signing key is stolen, the
           | attacker also needs to compromise the cosigner's signing key
           | as well. It's like multisig for authentication tokens.
           | 
           | I don't know if OpenPubkey would have helped in this
           | particular case as the details are still coming out[2], but I
           | think the future of authentication schemes must require that
           | authentication tokens must be signed by multiple signers at
           | different organizations; Authentication systems with single
           | point of compromise signing keys is too fragile. Or put
           | another way authentication via multiple independent roots of
           | trust is just too powerful of a security tool not to use.
           | 
           | [0]: BastionZero, https://bastionzero.com
           | 
           | [1]: OpenPubkey: Augmenting OpenID Connect with User held
           | Signing Keys, https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/296
           | 
           | [2]: It appears the key stolen was an MSA key, not an Azure
           | AD signing key. The MSA architecture might not fit into the
           | OpenPubkey model (or it might I don't know enough about MSA
           | signing keys work to say). Had it been an Azure AD signing
           | key then OpenPubkey would mitigate the theft of an Azure AD
           | Signing key. https://www.microsoft.com/en-
           | us/security/blog/2023/07/14/ana...
        
       | zingababba wrote:
       | Interesting that it aligned with their AAD rebrand.
        
       | jtbayly wrote:
       | This headline does a good job of pointing out why we shouldn't
       | allow backdoors in encryption.
        
         | naikrovek wrote:
         | no one said it was a backdoor, though. you have to have a key
         | to encrypt stuff, and it was that key which got leaked,
         | _somehow_. a backdoor is a way around the use of a key to see
         | secret messages, or an alternate key which allows you to view
         | messages without compromising the key which encrypts messages
         | in normal operation.
         | 
         | could have been a backdoor, sure, could have been something
         | else. could have been carelessness. could have been blackmail.
         | could have been a rogue employee. could have been malware,
         | spear fishing, or any one of a hundred other things.
         | 
         | did I miss something or are you premature in blaming this on a
         | backdoor?
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | ketralnis wrote:
           | They didn't say it was an intentional backdoor. But if it
           | were, the result would be the same.
           | 
           | It's hard to secure encryption keys. If you had a backdoor
           | based on a key that you had to keep secret, leaks like these
           | can happen. If Microsoft (or anyone) can't keep their
           | encryption keys secure, they'd be equally unable to keep a
           | backdoor key secure for the same reason.
        
           | Spooky23 wrote:
           | If Microsoft can't manage to hold onto these critical
           | encryption keys, why do you think that <insert nation state
           | x> will?
           | 
           | When your data is stolen because you were working in Cancun
           | and the Mexican CIA was compromised, will you ever even know?
           | 
           | The point isn't blaming a back door, it's just pointing out
           | that the more stakeholder that possess a key, the higher the
           | probability of a compromise.
        
           | thephyber wrote:
           | But an encryption back door is either a second key that
           | someone else holds or it is some piece of information the
           | public should not know about.
           | 
           | Either way, when the details about the back door leak, the
           | system ceases to retain the properties of secure encryption.
        
           | mikrotikker wrote:
           | It's still a good example though.
        
           | thomastjeffery wrote:
           | > no one said it was a backdoor, though.
           | 
           | That includes the comment you are replying to.
        
       | collsni wrote:
       | Isn't cloud fun?
       | 
       | Same keys to everyone's kingdom!
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | yttribium wrote:
       | American companies are generally forbidden by EEOC rules from
       | having reasonable security precautions unless some product is
       | associated with a government contract and can require full blown
       | security clearances. As a result you can safely assume that any
       | given department with a juicy portfolio is fully compromised by
       | foreign intelligence.
        
       | iJohnDoe wrote:
       | Speculation. This type of key issuance is given to FBI and NSA
       | and other partnerships Microsoft has. China hacked their way up
       | to get the keys.
        
       | pjdemers wrote:
       | This sounds like an inside job.
        
       | exabrial wrote:
       | Any Windows product/system is a liability. I'm not sure how to
       | put this lightly. It was designed to create a monopoly first
       | before any other goal.
       | 
       | And it's not that the alternatives are perfect, but Windows is as
       | secure as swiss cheese.
        
         | TheRealDunkirk wrote:
         | I know this is a bit of a thread jack, but this same attitude
         | now playing out on Xbox in the console space. The recent FTC
         | attempt to block the Activision merger surfaced emails saying
         | that they were just going to outspend Sony to further
         | consolidate and buy a higher position in the market, because
         | they can.
         | 
         | There's nothing in any of Microsoft's revealed communications
         | over the years where they ever seem to aspire to make better
         | products. I mean, sure, obviously, there are pockets inside the
         | company, but that has never seemed to be the purview of the
         | board or the executives. If there's a thought leader in there
         | somewhere who had passion to make great products like Jobs, I
         | can't think of who it would be.
         | 
         | I almost feel bad for Microsoft, and I say this as a Microsoft-
         | hater and Linux zealot who ran it on the desktop for 19 years
         | before switching to Mac. It's the legacy backward-compatibility
         | that makes Windows so attractive to a lot of organizations
         | which makes it so vulnerable. OTOH, corporate IT divisions love
         | it because Microsoft lets them do all sorts of stupid things to
         | it, like prevent me from changing the desktop background, so
         | it's kind of a deserved punishment.
        
         | Rygian wrote:
         | > as secure as swiss cheese
         | 
         | In IT security jargon, the "Swiss cheese" model is a good
         | practice: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swiss_cheese_model
        
         | 666satanhimself wrote:
         | [dead]
        
         | nyolfen wrote:
         | this is not windows
        
         | lostmsu wrote:
         | > Any Windows product/system is a liability.
         | 
         | A self-evident realization: every single product/system is a
         | liability.
        
       | neilv wrote:
       | Did anyone start getting Microsoft "single use code" emails last
       | night?
       | 
       | (Maybe if you have an Microsoft consumer account that you don't
       | use, forgot you had, and might be incompletely set up.)
        
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       (page generated 2023-07-18 23:02 UTC)