[HN Gopher] A surprisingly simple way to foil car thieves
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       A surprisingly simple way to foil car thieves
        
       Author : giuliomagnifico
       Score  : 184 points
       Date   : 2023-07-17 16:04 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (news.umich.edu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (news.umich.edu)
        
       | fdasfdmfdm wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | HumblyTossed wrote:
       | Great, so a Konami Code for cars. SMH.
        
       | dfox wrote:
       | After my first car was stolen I went out to design and build an
       | immobilizer system based on these PIC16F84 AlphaCard
       | "smartcards". Along the way I realized that what matters most is
       | that it is obvious that there is something obscure like that and
       | the real security does not matter. So I ended up with very
       | consciously placed smartcard reader, complete with two blinking
       | LEDs and 12wire rainbow flat IDC cable coming from that. In
       | reality only thing that it did was that the card-present switch
       | activated an relay that was wired in series with fuel pump relay
       | coil. It didn't get stolen and I ended up shoving my drivers
       | license into the slot, which for various onlookers made the
       | "security system" look even more like some kind of high-end
       | technology.
       | 
       | Edit: the original idea was that there would be some kind of
       | reader unit that converts the ISO 7816-ish protocol to RS485 and
       | the actual cryptographic challenge-response verification will
       | happen in a unit buried deep inside the engine bay. Well, as long
       | as it is one-off obscure hack, you don't really need any of that.
        
       | calvinmorrison wrote:
       | this is 'cool but stupid'.
       | 
       | Running a relay into the car to a switch thats protected just
       | moves a analog electrical problem somewhere else, it' still just
       | two wires to jump at the end of the day
       | 
       | What you want is what smarter cars have, integration to the ECU.
       | So you put in the wrong key, it does a crypto exchange with the
       | ecu, and the ECU won't crank. Even if you crank it by jumping the
       | solenoid, it won't power the fuel pump, the computer will still
       | say 'I am off' sorry no fuel no timing, nothing.
        
         | okl wrote:
         | Right, the image shows it connected to the battery pole. Just
         | pop the hood, bridge the contacts. Any proper solution has to
         | be integrated into some essential part that is difficult to
         | access (like the ECU).
         | 
         | Maybe they want that thing to talk to the ECU? Otherwise, how
         | is it locking the car?
        
           | calvinmorrison wrote:
           | a lot of cars have cutoffs switches for all sorts of stuff,
           | like rollover switches, overboost limiters etc... you could
           | tap into any of those to immobilize a car.
           | 
           | but you need to tuck that shit up under neath in the dash or
           | wherever the ECU is, and that doesn't solve any issues
           | because it's still just one wire to short out. You need
           | something tucked up underneath you can use wireless
           | transponder so theres nothing obvious preventing it from
           | cranking.
        
       | barbariangrunge wrote:
       | Car theft isn't such a big problem in the town I live. The
       | problem is random vandalism. Kids party in the parks all night
       | and at random times go out to spray paint buildings, break off
       | rear view mirrors, smash windows. I haven't been hit yet, but two
       | neighbours have.
        
       | blastro wrote:
       | Security by obscurity in automotive?
        
       | Brusco_RF wrote:
       | Couldn't a thief just observe the car's
       | wipers/headlights/blinkers to obtain the secret combination that
       | unlocks the starter ?
        
       | nlawalker wrote:
       | What's the value of the underlying implementation here? Is it
       | just the ability to retrofit?
       | 
       | From a user perspective, this is "you need to physically be in
       | the car and scan your thumbprint or type on a keypad to start
       | it"; it seems like there are lots of simpler ways that such
       | functionality be built into a car by the manufacturer that are
       | just as secure, it's just that there's no demand for it.
        
       | kyrofa wrote:
       | Essentially port knocking for cars.
        
       | buro9 wrote:
       | The problem with this defense is that it is invisible... the
       | thief will only know about it after they've caused external
       | damage trying to get access to the system.
       | 
       | I just use a steering wheel lock, one of those bright yellow
       | chunks of steel that bolts onto the steering wheel:
       | https://www.milenco.com/products/automotive-security/automot...
       | 
       | This is visible to the theif and just raised the theft effort
       | from "jump these cables just behind the headlight" to "jump these
       | cables behind the headlight and then use a loud angle grinder in
       | a very enclosed space". I'm in a residential area, this is a
       | strong deterrent and avoids the initial damage being done to the
       | car.
       | 
       | PS: Some sports cars kill their CAN when the car is turned off...
       | but we do insist on keyless entry and this is what we get for it.
        
         | alwaysbeconsing wrote:
         | "then use a loud angle grinder in a very enclosed space" They
         | don't need to cut the lockbar:
         | 
         | > What we knew was that the Club is a hardened steel device
         | that attaches to the steering wheel and the brake pedal to
         | prevent steering and/or braking. What we found out was that a
         | pro thief would carry a short piece of a hacksaw blade to cut
         | through the plastic steering wheel in a couple seconds. They
         | were then able to release The Club and use it to apply a huge
         | amount of torque to the steering wheel and break the lock on
         | the steering column (which most cars were already equipped
         | with). The pro thieves actually sought out cars with The Club
         | on them because they didn't want to carry a long pry bar that
         | was too hard to conceal.
         | 
         | https://freakonomics.com/2010/06/what-car-thieves-think-of-t...
        
           | hodgesrm wrote:
           | The freakonomics folk must have loved this one. They live for
           | unintended consequences. That phrase occurs as expected in
           | the article.
        
           | Terr_ wrote:
           | > a short piece of a hacksaw blade to cut through the plastic
           | steering wheel in a couple seconds
           | 
           | I'm having trouble visualizing that part, unless it refers to
           | steering-wheels of the past with a lot less material.
           | Wouldn't a _piece_ of hacksaw blade also be much less
           | effective, without the rest of the hacksaw to provide
           | tension?
        
             | nomel wrote:
             | With a bit of leather/cloth wrapped around the blade,
             | they're perfectly capable of cutting through softish metals
             | and hard plastics. The tension is mostly optional, since
             | the teeth usually only point towards the pull, resulting in
             | the blade providing usable tension.
             | 
             | Source: Not a car thief, but have misplaced my hacksaw, for
             | small tasks, far too many times.
        
       | whinenot wrote:
       | Simple? Not if Furiosa is programming the start sequence.[0]
       | 
       | [0]https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uq5rQlfEcjY
        
       | whatever1 wrote:
       | It does not help. These days the most frequent theft I see is
       | related to wheels theft, catalyst theft and broken windows.
        
       | sleepybrett wrote:
       | Is the whole security around this burying the relay bypass so far
       | inside the car that no thief would be able to easily bypass this
       | by just bridging the relay?
        
       | hunson_abadeer wrote:
       | There's a lot of people remarking about this not being novel or
       | the grant being too high, but I'd make two other critiques.
       | 
       | First, what happens if the electrical characteristics of your
       | vehicle change in some way? New vs old battery? Busted headlight?
       | Phone plugged into an outlet? Diesel air intake heater grid
       | kicking in on a cold day? What if you need to jumpstart your
       | vehicle? It just seems so finicky in the real world.
       | 
       | Second, what's the point of using this analog signaling system to
       | begin with? I don't see the supposed simplicity of it. Both the
       | transmitter and the receiver are more complex than would be
       | needed for digital. The other argument is that it is somehow more
       | "hacker-proof", but using analog signals doesn't make it so. You
       | can have a similar scheme operating on the CAN bus with no added
       | risk. In fact, I bet there are devices on the CAN bus that can
       | both measure and modulate battery drain, so the isolation may be
       | illusory.
       | 
       | Ultimately, it's not about not having the technology. It's just
       | that your average customer favors convenience features over
       | having a fortress on wheels. Plus, the returns on sophisticated
       | defenses are diminishing, given that a car can always be loaded
       | onto a tow truck, the hood can be popped open, or the whole thing
       | can be stripped for parts with a Sawzall (as catalytic converter
       | thieves tend to do).
        
         | function_seven wrote:
         | This is a two part system. There's the relay under the hood,
         | and a keypad plugged into the cigarette lighter port. When you
         | put the correct code in, the device will induce the voltage
         | fluctuations that tell the under-hood relay to close.
         | 
         | I think the whole "flip on wipers, flash high-beams twice, turn
         | on map light" thing is a fallback for when you don't have the
         | keypad or don't want it to always be plugged in. If the voltage
         | variances for those actions changes, I suppose you can retrain
         | it with the keypad plugged in.
         | 
         | And the point of that analog signalling is to make installation
         | easy. You just plug the keypad into the lighter port. It
         | handles the rest.
        
       | riffic wrote:
       | drive a manual - it's an inherent anti theft device
        
         | flangola7 wrote:
         | No such thing as a manual EV
        
           | riffic wrote:
           | this triviality is not something I concern myself with.
        
           | tmh88j wrote:
           | https://www.theverge.com/2023/6/15/23762020/electric-ev-
           | manu...
        
         | yanellena wrote:
         | Not in Europe.
        
       | jameslk wrote:
       | It seems really sluggish to do all this. Just spitballing here,
       | but what if instead we have some sort of key... and it goes into
       | a keyhole... and that starts the car? /s
        
       | teleforce wrote:
       | Most of these car thieves are probably repeated offenders. You
       | need to catch them not only foiling them. The simplest way to
       | catch and prevent these petty thieves is to enable the car's
       | available 360 camera (or install after market solutions) that
       | always monitor its surroundings and backup this data to the cloud
       | (could be real-time connection or intermittently with local-first
       | technology). The camera data should be kept only for several days
       | and rotated as any backup in order to keep the cloud storage
       | affordable for the masses. This simple way should easily catch
       | more than 99% of the car thieves even the most sophisticated
       | ones.
        
       | matsemann wrote:
       | This is a tech solution for a non-tech problem. Why is there an
       | uprising in car thefts? Why do people feel the need to steal
       | someone's expensive property?
       | 
       | Deal with those issues first. Or someone will smash a window to
       | steal something valuable no matter what you try.
        
         | jack_riminton wrote:
         | You want to eliminate all crime before doing anything to
         | prevent crimes? Righto boss I'm off to remove all locks from my
         | house for the cause
        
           | matsemann wrote:
           | No, that's not what I said. Don't straw man me.
           | 
           | We already do stuff to prevent crimes. The cars have locks,
           | alarms, cryptographic key fobs, tracking, cameras etc. etc.
           | 
           | None of that works.
           | 
           | Adding a new layer of security is surely not going to help.
           | That's my point. The resources are better put elsewhere.
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | People used to use horses for transportation. You can't lock
           | a horse, but there were substantial penalties for stealing a
           | horse. It maybe was a capital crime at some point?
        
             | bookofjoe wrote:
             | Short answer: yes
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horse_theft
        
             | jack_riminton wrote:
             | You're right, the technology of horse locks wasn't
             | available so people went to other lengths: branding,
             | guards, registering of horses. In societies where there was
             | the death penalty for such things there was still horse
             | theft.
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | Yes great idea Captain! Let's solve all of societal issues
         | before bothering to do any protection for your own personal
         | assets. You've figured it out.
         | 
         | And you know property crime is only a recent phenom of the last
         | couple years. Never existed before the 1980s or you know tomb
         | robbers etc.
        
           | matsemann wrote:
           | I'm not saying don't bother protect personal assets. I'm
           | saying don't bother _with an additional_ and pretty stupid
           | protection. Just a game of cat and mouse.
        
           | autoexec wrote:
           | I promise that you'll never once deal with the stress of
           | knowing that someone has raided your tomb.
        
             | boringg wrote:
             | A promise you can't keep!
        
         | anonu wrote:
         | If you think like that, then no problems should be solved by
         | tech because there are completely viable non-tech solutions:
         | 
         | Uber: just hail a taxi
         | 
         | Amazon: just visit your local bookshops
         | 
         | netflix: Renting DVDs is perfectly fine.
         | 
         | Spotify: all the music you need is on AM/FM.
         | 
         | Instagram: just meet up with friends in person
         | 
         | Zoom: Conduct face-to-face meetings
         | 
         | Zillow: Work with a real estate agent
         | 
         | Yelp: Ask locals for restaurant or service recommendations
         | 
         | Doordash: Call the restaurant directly for takeout or delivery,
         | or cook at home.
        
           | fargle wrote:
           | netflix does rent physical DVDs. Ending around next month.
        
           | autoexec wrote:
           | Most of those aren't actually solving the same problems, but
           | the point wasn't that non-tech solutions are always better,
           | rather that if you solve the source of the problem you don't
           | need annoying tech workarounds.
        
           | matsemann wrote:
           | Not what I said. Read my other reply.
        
         | jtriangle wrote:
         | You should be doing both really.
         | 
         | This, however, is not a good solution. A starter relay kill
         | switch, hidden somewhere non-obvious, is far better. Not a
         | suitable solution for mass-market of course, but, for a hacky
         | intermediate solution, it'll work just fine, which is all the
         | power sensing keypad is good for but with way more steps.
         | 
         | The actual solution is to have real cryptographic security that
         | isn't subject to replay attacks. Not difficult to do, or
         | expensive, and already exists.
        
       | jedberg wrote:
       | The main problem here is that manufacturers aren't incentivized
       | to make great security systems for their cars. There isn't a ton
       | of press about cars getting stolen like there is about data
       | privacy.
       | 
       | Imagine if the folks who built FaceID, TouchID, and Secure
       | Enclave were tasked with building car security. Cars are a lot
       | more expensive than phones and laptops, it would be worth the $50
       | or $100 in extra hardware to secure them.
       | 
       | And as an added bonus, you wouldn't even need a key anymore
       | because you could start your car with your face. :)
        
       | kibwen wrote:
       | As shown in Max Max: Fury Road (1:35):
       | https://youtu.be/gpeqFXT_amU?t=95
        
       | sschueller wrote:
       | In the US the simplest solution is to just buy a stick shift car.
        
       | postmortembees wrote:
       | This is a very engineering solution to a very not-engineering
       | problem.
       | 
       | Would this deter thieves? Possibly! Would thieves eventually be
       | able to work around it? Also probably! Would it increase the
       | friction of getting in and driving? Definitely!
       | 
       | Today, your house keys are basically useless for security --
       | getting into your house is trivially easy both destructively and
       | not. But we all use house keys because they feel safer. Ask
       | people to provide biometrics or long passkeys or keycards and
       | eliminate the existing locks? It's a hassle most folks won't
       | tolerate.
       | 
       | Likewise, people are comfortable with the walk up, push button,
       | leave nature of fobs. Replacing that with "walk up, scan
       | fingerprint" or "walk up, type in password" is going to tick off
       | a lot of people.
        
         | mrweasel wrote:
         | > This is a very engineering solution to a very not-engineering
         | problem.
         | 
         | True, the solution very obviously to reduce poverty. It's a
         | social problem, not an engineering nor a policing problem.
        
           | teach wrote:
           | Land Value Tax would fix this!
        
             | bagels wrote:
             | We already have a land value tax. It's called "Property
             | Tax"
        
           | postmortembees wrote:
           | Agreed. It's surprising how often we are great at post mortem
           | analysis in engineering contexts (asking "why" five times),
           | but we find it uncomfortable to do the same in social
           | contexts. We jump straight to "How" rather than "why", and
           | build locks that inconvenience people in hopes of stopping
           | that one "how" rather than investing in fixing the root
           | causes.
        
         | IshKebab wrote:
         | > getting into your house is trivially easy both destructively
         | and not.
         | 
         | Absolutely not the case. With toughened glass and modern
         | reinforced doors it is very far from trivial. At least in the
         | UK. I understand security standards can be much lower depending
         | on the country.
        
         | hutzlibu wrote:
         | "Today, your house keys are basically useless for security"
         | 
         | They are not useless. Only some people have the skills and
         | tools to open them - so they are useful at keeping most people
         | out, even though they don't provide perfect protection.
         | 
         | Most thieves are not professionals, but for example junkies who
         | look for something easy. A simple automatic light, is already
         | doing wonders to keep them away.
        
           | dharmab wrote:
           | A friend of mine was bored and bought a Lishi tool online
           | recently. Within 10 minutes and with no previous lock picking
           | experience he was able to silently pick his house's deadbolt.
        
             | zerkten wrote:
             | This can be true while it still keeping most criminals out.
             | It's going to depend on the location and context. I'd say
             | an analogy for this is engineer thinking versus economist
             | thinking. My observation is that criminals prefer the
             | latter. Rather than doubling down on engineering, they try
             | to move to a more lucrative venture. Getting better at
             | burgling houses doesn't change the upside as much as other
             | crime.
             | 
             | In my suburban area, the biggest problem is unlocked doors
             | on houses and cars. Despite this problem existing for many
             | years, doors are still regularly left open. The criminals
             | don't attempt to exploit the same neighborhood repeatedly.
             | They pass through in waves and then go elsewhere before
             | returning when everyone has let their guard down. When they
             | attempt forced entry, or anything more than casual theft,
             | they get a lot of attention and caught.
             | 
             | They could improve their takings by developing some lock
             | picking skill, but it's also higher risk since they have to
             | spend some more time on each target which increases the
             | risk that an observer will actually notice them. I could
             | easily imagine a dog walker ignoring someone entering a
             | home through an unlocked door, or making it look like they
             | are checking a door is locked when entry fails.
        
           | postmortembees wrote:
           | Raking house locks is a) not difficult and b) not expensive.
           | You don't need to be a professional to do that.
           | 
           | But also, bricks through windows are equally not difficult
           | and not expensive, though they do leave a bit more evidence.
           | When my neighbors have been burgled, this is the preferred
           | method of entry I've seen.
        
             | naavis wrote:
             | At least here in the Nordics no one uses easily pickable
             | locks for house or apartment doors. Those kinds of locks
             | are mostly found in cheap padlocks and maybe bike locks.
             | Doors usually have Abloy locks or similar.
        
             | hutzlibu wrote:
             | "But also, bricks through windows are equally not difficult
             | and not expensive, though they do leave a bit more
             | evidence"
             | 
             | But that would be loud. You don't want attention when
             | breaking in. (Unless you are a fucked up junkie not caring
             | about anything anymore)
             | 
             | But yes, my parents for example are paranoid about always
             | locking the front door 2 times(and get angry if I don't do
             | it when I visit), but have a glass door in the back. There
             | are also glass cutters.
             | 
             | "Raking house locks is a) not difficult and b) not
             | expensive. You don't need to be a professional to do that"
             | 
             | But you do have to make some investment. They are illegal
             | to purchase (in most places), I would not know, where to
             | start looking. And then you have to learn to use them. And
             | I know someone who did play with those a bit - yet he still
             | could not enter my door at all. So it is a barrier.
        
               | OkayPhysicist wrote:
               | > They are illegal to purchase (in most places)
               | 
               | Lockpicks are legal almost everywhere in the US.[0] Even
               | in places where they aren't legal, they're not exactly
               | difficult to obtain, given that a perfectly adequate rake
               | can be made from any key that fits the target lock, and
               | there are only ~3 keyways in common residential use.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.toool.us/lockpicking-laws.php
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | > They are illegal to purchase (in most places), I would
               | not know, where to start looking.
               | 
               | amazon. Not much of an investment needed
               | https://www.amazon.com/Stainless-Steel-20-School-
               | Toolbox/dp/...
        
               | hutzlibu wrote:
               | Not avaiable. (at least for me from germany)
        
               | velosol wrote:
               | If you're interested they're also available on Amazon.de
               | https://www.amazon.de/LockCowboy-Transparent-Practice-
               | Beginn...
        
               | hutzlibu wrote:
               | I wasn't planning to, but why not pick up a new hobby ;)
               | 
               | (It is indeed cheap)
        
               | empiricus wrote:
               | I got one lockpick kit as a gift, and found out I can
               | open the door of my apartment in 20 sec with it as a
               | complete beginner. The fun part was that it was not
               | possible to open it from the inside. That was how I
               | learned that the lock was mounted with the inside part on
               | the outside (it was a rented apartment).
        
               | jrockway wrote:
               | The best locks offer is that you have to plan a break-in
               | in advance; i.e., you have to have your lockpicking tools
               | with you. That said, you can pick master locks with a
               | paperclip; I've done it. So it's not much of a barrier.
               | 
               | That said, just because people have low-security locks on
               | their house doesn't mean that better options aren't
               | available. I have Medeco locks. They are harder to pick
               | than what you get at the hardware store. So far, no
               | break-ins from lockpickers! Also, I'll sell you a rock
               | that keeps tigers away.
        
               | maratc wrote:
               | Number three is binding, we've got a nice click out of
               | three!
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4fh6IHCr7uo
        
               | jrockway wrote:
               | It has a couple of spools. Step above the no-security-
               | pins hardware store locks.
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | > But that would be loud. You don't want attention when
               | breaking in. (Unless you are a fucked up junkie not
               | caring about anything anymore)
               | 
               | Pre-Covid, it didn't matter if you were loud. You and
               | your neighbors were all off at work all day. So long as a
               | thief felt confident there was no alarm to trigger, they
               | could make all the racket they wanted and no one would
               | hear.
               | 
               | Today, it's a little more risky but of the half dozen
               | houses on my street I'd probably only hear one getting
               | broken into and that's only if I were downstairs. Our
               | homes aren't on especially large lots either (7-10k sq
               | ft).
        
               | hutzlibu wrote:
               | But a thief does not know, if no one is there in the
               | neighborhood, unless he is indeed professional and scouts
               | the area in advance. Also in my area, there are plenty of
               | old people always watching and listening ..
        
             | rkagerer wrote:
             | It's funny, I have the opposite problem. I have a
             | particular door lock for which three different locksmiths
             | have all failed to cut usable keys. The originals work
             | fine, but the copies don't. The last set barely works, if
             | you wiggle it around a lot and ram to get it in, but then
             | it gets stuck in there and is nearly impossible to remove.
             | 
             | They've tried various blanks, and I've never gotten a
             | satisfactory explanation from any of them. It's possible
             | all my local locksmiths are inexpert.
        
               | hutzlibu wrote:
               | Yeah, I have the same problem with some old locks.
               | Impossible to get a copy for a key, because it does not
               | meet some modern standard.
        
               | sleepybrett wrote:
               | want to post a picture anonymously? it may be that the
               | biting is difficult. It may also be that one or more of
               | the locks pins is sightly out of spec.
        
           | knodi123 wrote:
           | > Only some people have the skills and tools to open them -
           | so they are useful at keeping most people out,
           | 
           | No, not really. A large part of the security of locks comes
           | from most people _not knowing_ that they have the tools and
           | skills to open them. It 's like if everyone taped their door
           | shut, and we depended on most people not knowing that tape is
           | easily removed.
           | 
           | My kid accidentally locked us out of the house the other day
           | by twisting the knob lock on our garage door. Turns out we
           | never got a key for that lock when we bought the house -
           | oops! And we didn't have keys for the back door, for
           | complicated reasons. No worries, I took my wife's key ring
           | and used the key to her parents' house to open our back door.
           | In my experience, most keys work in most locks, if you just
           | apply a light turning force and then rake the key in and out
           | a bunch of times, ending with the key sticking all the way
           | out except for a millimeter or two.
        
             | hutzlibu wrote:
             | Erm, maybe the locks in germany(europe) are different - but
             | what you describe I only know from very old or cheap locks,
             | no one would use for a front door (insurance would not
             | accept that).
        
               | akira2501 wrote:
               | > (insurance would not accept that).
               | 
               | Which is always hilarious to me considering insurance has
               | no problem with glass windows or fenced in backyards.
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | I haven't had a key for my house in probably 10 years. I
             | used the garage door opener PIN pad to get in. I recently
             | replaced the front door lock with a new one that also has a
             | PIN keypad, but I still mostly enter and leave through the
             | garage out of habit.
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | Being in country that uses proper locks... Yep, people aren't
           | picking them in field.
           | 
           | Good locks are expensive, but they also last a long time. And
           | nearly unpickable is good enough. There is wall of window
           | next anyway that then becomes much easier.
        
         | HPsquared wrote:
         | Security is always a trade-off. The most effective, and also
         | most costly, way to avoid car theft is to not own a car at all
         | (for example).
        
           | radiator wrote:
           | How is this the most costly way?
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | Opportunity cost of the additional travel time[1] that you
             | have to spend because you don't have a car.
             | 
             | [1] Yes, I'm aware of european cities where cars aren't
             | necessary or are actually slower than public transit.
             | That's not applicable to most of the US though.
        
               | postmortembees wrote:
               | I wonder how many instacart/uber orders I would need to
               | have to offset the cost of a car, assuming I can bike to
               | most of my needs.
               | 
               | The only reason I have a car is because there are some
               | specialized transportation needs (towing) that I cannot
               | get from my bike. I use my bike for everything from
               | hardware to Costco to groceries to child care to ... lots
               | of stuff.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | > I wonder how many instacart/uber orders I would need to
               | have to offset the cost of a car, assuming I can bike to
               | most of my needs.
               | 
               | Not that much. One site[1] lists the TCO of a compact car
               | at around $33k/year if you drive it for 15k mi/year for 5
               | years. That works out to $550/month. Of course, if you're
               | comparing this to getting ubers, there's no way that
               | you'll be driving anywhere near 15k mi/year, so the TCO
               | of a comparable car is probably $450/month. That's a lot
               | of money to spend on uber/instacart, but keep in mind
               | that if you have a modest commute of $20 each way, that
               | only works out to 11 round-trips a month, or half the
               | working days. So if your lifestyle is such that you don't
               | need to drive to work most days, and you don't any other
               | similar uses for cars (eg. picking up kids from school
               | and/or driving them to extracurriculars), then by all
               | means uber everywhere rather than owning a car.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.kbb.com/new-cars/total-cost-of-ownership/
        
               | thomastjeffery wrote:
               | I have a friend whose only reasonable option to commute
               | to/from work is uber/lyft. He spends more each month on
               | that than I do on my car loan. He can't afford to make a
               | downpayment for a car loan of his own, because he is
               | spending that money on uber/lyft. This is a vicious and
               | familiar cycle in America.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | You're in the minority. Most people cannot use a bike for
               | this stuff. They live too far away or the roads and/or
               | terrain are not suitable for bikes.
        
         | EA-3167 wrote:
         | Most locks on most residential facilities are not about
         | security so much as a "tamper evident" seal for insurance
         | purposes.
        
           | postmortembees wrote:
           | I guarantee you I, or anyone else with ~30m of training can
           | get into 95% of homes without leaving much evidence that the
           | locks were tampered with. House locks are _very_ easy to pick
           | open.
        
             | jerlam wrote:
             | And yet, the universal way to break into homes is with
             | brute force, by smashing a window or kicking the door in.
        
             | talldatethrow wrote:
             | If I know my door is locked, and you get in, I can still
             | shoot you since I know I locked it, thus you'll have the
             | tools somewhere near you showing you broke in.
             | 
             | If it's just a code, tons of legal ambiguity comes up. Can
             | a gf shoot her exbf that she gave the keycode to last
             | month?
        
               | jjnoakes wrote:
               | > Can a gf shoot her exbf that she gave the keycode to
               | last month?
               | 
               | How is this different from a physical key?
        
               | AnnikaL wrote:
               | If anything, it might be easier to change a keycode than
               | to change a lock.
        
               | talldatethrow wrote:
               | This a good point, except that I've found that people
               | with keycode locks on door and garages hand out the
               | keycode like candy for some reason.. way more than anyone
               | else hands out physical keys.
        
             | EA-3167 wrote:
             | Most thieves are not trained in covert entry, they aren't
             | lock pickers, they're desperate addicts looking to get some
             | things to pawn for a fix.
        
               | postmortembees wrote:
               | Of course. Most thieves break in use the time honored
               | "brick + window" method.
               | 
               | But I was refuting the specific idea that house locks are
               | a tamper evident seal. They are _trivially_ easy to
               | bypass in a tamper evident manner.
        
           | Clamchop wrote:
           | Evidence of what? I can't see how it would prevent fraud, the
           | occupant can damage the "seal" just as well, and a burglary
           | without damage is still a burglary and lock-picking is a
           | thing so it doesn't have much to say about due diligence
           | either.
        
         | talldatethrow wrote:
         | Another reason you have locks is to show intent to keep others
         | out.
         | 
         | You can't shoot someone that walks into your home through an
         | open door.
         | 
         | You can shoot someone that rams your door to open it.
        
           | goodpoint wrote:
           | You cannot shoot anybody in the largest majority of countries
           | on this planet. Thankfully.
        
             | pdonis wrote:
             | How do you get criminals to obey this nice rule?
        
               | master-lincoln wrote:
               | By making it hard to obtain weapons. The US thinking to
               | me seams to go along the lines of handing out nuclear
               | weapons to everybody so forces are balanced...
        
               | pdonis wrote:
               | _> By making it hard to obtain weapons._
               | 
               | If the legal rule is "you can't shoot anybody", which is
               | what the post I responded to said, wouldn't that make it
               | _impossible_ to legally obtain weapons? Why just  "hard"?
               | 
               | If, OTOH, you mean make it hard to _illegally_ obtain
               | weapons, where has this actually been done successfully?
               | My reading of human history is that criminals who want
               | weapons have always been able to get them somehow.
               | 
               |  _> The US thinking to me seams to go along the lines of
               | handing out nuclear weapons to everybody so forces are
               | balanced..._
               | 
               | I don't know where you are getting that from. The US
               | thinking is very simple: since it is impossible for
               | governments to prevent all violent crimes or to ensure
               | that police show up in time to protect citizens from
               | being harmed by violent crime, citizens must be allowed
               | to have the means of self defense. The best way to
               | minimize the number of citizens that feel the need to
               | have weapons for self-defense is to extirpate crime--but
               | unfortunately the US in recent decades has been moving in
               | the opposite direction.
        
               | Minor49er wrote:
               | Shinzo Abe might disagree with this
        
               | jtriangle wrote:
               | For 500 bucks worth of crypto anyone in the world can get
               | a reasonably competent full auto AK with a box of milsurp
               | ammo.
               | 
               | If that's your definition of "hard", I'd say you're
               | setting that bar far too low.
        
               | bscphil wrote:
               | And the overwhelming majority of people, including
               | thieves, don't do this, because the raised barrier to
               | entry makes gun crimes vastly less attractive. Combine
               | that with a broad social safety net that reduces poverty,
               | and you miraculously get homicide rates dropping through
               | the floor: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map_of
               | _countries_by_...
        
               | akira2501 wrote:
               | > because the raised barrier to entry makes gun crimes
               | vastly less attractive.
               | 
               | Is that assertion based on study or "common sense?" It
               | may well be that they don't feel the need to bring a gun
               | because they know their victims are definitely not going
               | to be armed anyways.
               | 
               | The real question would, do the criminals not use a
               | weapon at all, or do they use weapons that just don't
               | happen to be guns?
               | 
               | > broad social safety net that reduces poverty
               | 
               | People aren't being shot in the US because of poverty.
               | The _majority_ of "gun violence" in the US is actually
               | suicides. It's nearly 2/3 of that terrible statistical
               | category. The remainder of murders typically involve
               | alcohol and arguments.
               | 
               | The majority of murder victims in the US know their
               | murderer by name and have been acquainted with them for
               | years. Means. Motive. Opportunity. These things don't
               | change.
        
               | talldatethrow wrote:
               | This is a lame response. A man with a knife or a bat has
               | the tools he needs to easily kill your whole family. So
               | what is the plan to protect a family since knives and
               | bats will always exist?
        
               | talldatethrow wrote:
               | What do you do if two criminals break into your house and
               | you don't have a gun?
        
               | talldatethrow wrote:
               | I love that this got downvotes but no responses.
        
           | master-lincoln wrote:
           | WTF? Do you mean that you can't shoot someone without legal
           | consequence in some US jurisdiction if you have an open door?
           | You can still shoot them...
           | 
           | >You can shoot someone that rams your door to open it.
           | 
           | So somebody destroys a door and that entitles you to take
           | their life?
           | 
           | I think in both situations you should just refrain from
           | shooting at all. Seems to work in most of the rest of the
           | world..
        
             | talldatethrow wrote:
             | No, you can't legally shoot someone that walks in through
             | an open door. You can ask them to leave, but youre going to
             | have big problems if you shoot them and all they did up to
             | that point was not leave instantly when asked, if they
             | walked through an open door.
             | 
             | If the door is locked, and they break in, you are not
             | shooting them because they broke a lock. You are shooting
             | them because theyve shown criminal intent by forcibly
             | making their way through a locked door.
        
               | wizofaus wrote:
               | I'm curious in how many jurisdictions simply "showing
               | criminal intent" is sufficient to mean they're legally a
               | target to be shot at, potentially fatally. I'd be pretty
               | horrified to know I was living in such a jurisdiction.
               | Whereas somebody walking through my open door while
               | clearly posing a threat to my life, or the life of family
               | members (e.g. holding a weapon) I would have no
               | hypothetical qualms over aiming a gun at, and should they
               | continue to approach, firing. Mind you if that did result
               | in their death I'd still expect to be required to provide
               | evidence that it was a reasonable course of self-defence
               | given the circumstances. Are you saying that isn't the
               | case wherever you live?
        
               | talldatethrow wrote:
               | Instead of trying to catch me making a language error on
               | exactly what criminal intent is... Why don't you think
               | about this like a human.... You are at home with your
               | wife and kids. A large man wearing all black with his
               | face covered has broken your door lock and forced the
               | door open. He is now making his way up your stairs where
               | all your family is. Should you be able to legally shoot
               | this man? If not, what is your plan for protecting your
               | family members from this person?
        
               | wizofaus wrote:
               | Not a question of language error, I'm just interested in
               | how different parts of the world have different takes on
               | when taking a life can be legally justified. FWIW, in
               | your scenario, if I simply shot the man and killed him,
               | then I would fully expect to be questioned and possibly
               | charged, and only acquitted if I could demonstrate
               | killing him was a justifiable act of self-defense. I
               | don't imagine whether he'd broken the door lock would be
               | considered particularly relevant. As it happens, I've
               | forced locked doors open with no criminal intent - I'd
               | simply lost my key and needed to get back inside my own
               | house. It's not impossible the man in question had got
               | confused about which house was his and was doing the same
               | thing.
        
               | talldatethrow wrote:
               | I got it. If a man breaks into your house, begins walking
               | up the stairs while your wife and kids are there, you're
               | going to be cautious to see if stopping him with deadly
               | force is necessary. Maybe first let him strike you in the
               | face too. You wouldn't want to kill him if he's punch
               | only knocks you down and allows you to get up and fight
               | him off like a super hero! And if he punches you so hard
               | you loose consciousness, what's the worst he's going to
               | do? Rape your wife?
        
               | wizofaus wrote:
               | Yes, I absolutely would be cautious - if nothing else,
               | attempting to stop him with deadly force may well be what
               | triggers the situation to become violent and life-
               | threatening for my family and myself. But more
               | importantly, all the circumstances I can realistically
               | imagine myself trespassing into somebody's house do not
               | involve me intending any harm to any of the occupants, so
               | I would very much hope most people would approach such
               | scenarios with similar caution.
        
               | mynameishere wrote:
               | Are you sure you can run all those calculations while
               | breaking and entering is occurring in your home? It
               | varies quite a bit from place to place, as you can see...
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castle_doctrine
               | 
               | But the basic idea is that the natural right of self-
               | defense extends to certain areas, including one's home.
               | (That is, you do not have to wait until the intruder has
               | his hands around your neck in order to defend yourself.)
               | If you would prefer to not be allowed to defend yourself,
               | that's you. In many countries (not just the US) invading
               | people's homes makes for a dangerous and short career, as
               | it should.
        
               | wizofaus wrote:
               | Thanks for that link, that is pretty interesting and I
               | can't honestly say I know exactly what the law is where I
               | live (in Australia, but not in the state that gets a
               | special mention in that article). And absolutely, if I
               | happened to have access to a lethal weapon and I was
               | sufficiently fearful I might well be tempted to use it on
               | an intruder even well before they posed an immediate
               | threat. But if I really were responsible for taking an
               | intruder's life and the courts determined that they were
               | never a realistic threat to anyone, nor was there any
               | good reason for me to believe they were (e.g. I had a
               | clear view of them, could see that had no weapon, and
               | they weren't acting in any sort of hostile manner), I'd
               | fully expect to go to jail for it.
        
           | neilv wrote:
           | I imagine some Non-Americans reading this are horrified.
           | 
           | But Americans know that this (a pre-shooting checklist) isn't
           | a reason for door locks for every American. And I'd guess it
           | only is for a small minority of Americans.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | TheRealPomax wrote:
       | Own a manual?
        
       | gloryless wrote:
       | Sounds like a simple layer that can be retrofitted easily, but
       | "there's nothing to hack" is absurd. The truth is that car
       | security is bad, and any killswitch at all is something they
       | don't come with standard.
        
       | dhruvkalaria wrote:
       | Classic man in the middle attack can be easily dealt with PKI.
       | Why go through such a hassle?
        
       | sidewndr46 wrote:
       | isn't this just an absurdly complex re-imagining of the on/off
       | switch? I've spoken to numerous people who either had their
       | vehicle stolen or it was broken into. The ignition cylinder was
       | damaged in the process. Rather than spend money replacing it they
       | just wired in an on/off switch in a random place on the dash. The
       | car got broken into again but was never stolen.
        
         | constantly wrote:
         | Valets HATE this one weird trick
        
           | matsemann wrote:
           | Huh, never considered valet parking to actually be a real
           | thing. Isn't it annoying having to wait for someone to drive
           | your car? I'd almost pay more _not_ to have to do it.
        
             | elzbardico wrote:
             | Pal, I've seen wallet parking across several countries in
             | the world. Latin American, Western, and Eastern Europe, I
             | just got curious about where you live to never have seen
             | it.
             | 
             | And to answer your question: No, valet parking is usually
             | useful because the parking place is far from where you're
             | going (usually a hotel or restaurant). Having the valet
             | saves you the walk from the lot to the place where you're
             | going. It is even more useful when it's raining and you're
             | having a formal dinner.
             | 
             | The wait for getting the car back is also pretty short
             | because someone radios a driver already in the parking lot
             | to bring your car in most circumstances.
        
               | thomastjeffery wrote:
               | I suspect you are parking your wallet in the most
               | tourist-equipped areas of each country you listed. I
               | would bet that within a 5 mile radius of each, you could
               | find 1,000 people who have never used valet parking in
               | their lives.
        
               | matsemann wrote:
               | Norway. I guess the less denser cities I've lived (that
               | were somewhat car dependent) it was never an issue just
               | parking right outside. And in the city I now live (Oslo)
               | I would never use a car to get to dinner anyways.
        
               | Toutouxc wrote:
               | Not who you're replying to, but I'm from the Czech
               | Republic, have been driving for 10+ years, live in Prague
               | (the capital), I have never even seen valet parking
               | anywhere. Even the local Hilton hotel doesn't have it.
        
             | retzkek wrote:
             | Sometimes it's a lazy rich person tax, but sometimes it's
             | required because there's limited parking, and the valets
             | can jam the cars in double-parked (or more), since they can
             | shuffle them around as needed.
        
             | r00fus wrote:
             | At my work at the time (pre-pandemic) we used to have an EV
             | valet - attendant would take your car, park it and then
             | move it to an EV spot when one opened up, then put it back
             | into normal parking - you would get a text with the
             | location on each move.
             | 
             | It was quite nice and let me focus on work instead of
             | worrying about charging and only initial paperwork (we had
             | QR stickers on the car and keychain QR).
             | 
             | That's about the only time I've used a valet regularly.
        
             | sidewndr46 wrote:
             | Most places that I have used a valet they had a number you
             | could dial and they'd bring your car up for you then
             | callback when it was ready.
        
             | drw3 wrote:
             | It's fairly common in the US at hotels and some parking
             | garages, especially in bigger cities.
             | 
             | It can be nice if you're in a hurry or worried about
             | walking alone in a parking garage at night.
             | 
             | But yes, it can be annoying, especially because you're
             | expected to tip them in the US too.
        
             | ke88y wrote:
             | It's common in denser cities, primarily with two
             | applications:
             | 
             | 1. at parking garages so that cars can be double- or
             | triple-parked. This is by far the most common use case for
             | valets today. At these lots, you actually do have to pay
             | more (or arrive early) for a spot that doesn't require
             | valet parking.
             | 
             | 2. at high-end restaurants or other similar venues where
             | there is no immediately nearby parking and limited or no
             | street parking. The valet drives the car to a lot or garage
             | a few blocks away and returns it to you when they are done.
             | You can almost always opt out of these, although you may or
             | may not save money by doing so and at some places it can be
             | worth it to just pay up and deal with the inconvienance
             | because the nearest parking is a bit far.
             | 
             | I've also seen it as a weird status symbol thing in cases
             | where it's entirely unnecessary, primarily used by people
             | who have never had to put up with #1 or #2. Think up-scale
             | hotels but located where parking is extremely ample. I
             | think that only exists because there's a general impression
             | outside of super-dense cities that valets are a "fancy"
             | thing because they are only really common in "fancy big
             | cities". (Which, to be fair, owning a car in midtown
             | definitely makes a person fancy in some sense even if I'd
             | never ency that person :p)
             | 
             | But actually, for the most part, valets are not a fancy
             | optional service. They are mostly a non-optional service
             | that you have to pay more or go to significant
             | inconvenience to not use.
        
               | TRiG_Ireland wrote:
               | Simplest way to avoid using a valet service is probably
               | to not turn up in a car.
        
             | constantly wrote:
             | Very common. My work in the big city used to require us to
             | use it when driving to take advantage of commuter parking
             | benefit for the other reasons mentioned. Also use it at
             | shopping malls where the valet price is the same or
             | substantially similar to regular parking.
             | 
             | Surprisingly many of them use a text system so you text
             | them to the number they confirmed with like 10 minutes
             | before you need your car and they have it waiting -- very
             | convenient.
             | 
             | Also use it at big events like operas or plays or whatever
             | where parking is awful but valet, despite being a little
             | expensive, puts you right up at the front door when walking
             | in and then they get it when you leave.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | I used to have a car that had a kill switch requiring the
           | turn signal to be turned on or some such thing. It was
           | periodically a pain with valets or parking garages where your
           | car might need to be moved. I'd leave a big note but it was
           | ignored about half the time.
        
             | zerd wrote:
             | A friend had a car that required that you hold a magnet at
             | a very specific spot in the back of the arm rest to be able
             | to start ignition. Don't think he ever tried to valet that.
        
             | progman32 wrote:
             | Had a valet ignore a huge, printed instruction taped over
             | my steering wheel on how not to food my car (leave it
             | running for at least 60 seconds). Sure enough, they flooded
             | it really bad trying to start it over and over. Killed the
             | battery. Never used a valet after that.
        
         | nso wrote:
         | I have an old beater. It cost me 2300 USD when I bought it.
         | Last year the ignition cylinder broke. My friend is a mechanic
         | and he told me he could replace the cylinder for 90 USD, or buy
         | him a beer to just install a button. I now jokingly call my car
         | a Tesla since it starts with a button (it also requires the
         | key)
        
           | mavhc wrote:
           | Tesla cars don't need a button to start
        
             | _flux wrote:
             | The brake pedal is _almost_ like a button.
        
           | incahoots wrote:
           | The button was my go-to when I got a new car, I would defeat
           | the lock cylinder without damaging the steering column, and
           | place a button in a obscure spot to start my cars.
        
           | thatcat wrote:
           | Lol. I soldered in an alligator clip jumper wire for my
           | friend to temporarily bypass the failing ignition switch and
           | he left it like that, says he likes the sparking.
        
           | bookofjoe wrote:
           | Off topic: My first car was a 1966 white Buick Skylark
           | convertible that I bought for $500 cash in the summer of 1976
           | in Los Angeles when I was 28 years old.
           | 
           | Prior to that I had lived in LA from 1966 on and got around
           | on foot and on my bicycle and city buses.
           | 
           | I drove that giant Buick -- I mean it was HUGE, both in terms
           | of length and width as well as weight -- for about five
           | years, the final 2-3 of which featured a caved-in non-
           | functional driver's side door resulting from having been
           | T-boned by a little old lady who ran a stop sign.
           | 
           | No worries: I'd just hop over the side or use the passenger
           | side door.
           | 
           | After the crash I never worried about theft.
           | 
           | Also, amusingly, when I was on freeways, cars in adjacent
           | lanes would quickly move away.
        
       | randcraw wrote:
       | But on modern cars, cigarette lighters are disabled when the
       | ignition is turned off. So you can't use any device powered by
       | the lighter to start the car.
        
       | unsupp0rted wrote:
       | Couldn't they just make the car blare non-stop alternating sirens
       | for 10 minutes at a time, 4 times an hour for 12 hours, loud
       | enough to get through drywall and double-paned windows, at the
       | slightest perturbation?
       | 
       | Although I don't own a car, I'm happy when I hear throughout the
       | day and night that my neighbor's cars are well protected.
        
         | breischl wrote:
         | I've come pretty close to keying "FIX YOUR ALARM" into people's
         | doors for this. In the end left them notes about it, which did
         | result in it getting fixed, so I haven't had to actually do it.
         | Someday, though.
         | 
         | I still think car alarms are a net negative to society.
         | Thousands of hours of disrupted sleep and it prevents
         | approximately no thefts.
        
           | toast0 wrote:
           | Not to mention all of the mockingbirds that have learned the
           | song of the car alarm. It's the most complex birdsong out
           | there, so many mockingbirds picked it up while it was
           | regularly sung, and now it's passed down from each generation
           | to the next.
        
         | pawelmurias wrote:
         | It's a travesty that's legal.
        
         | ilyt wrote:
         | We had that in the 90's and 00's, cars still got stolen
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | I lived in Chicago at that time, you heard those car alarms
           | constantly and they were just ignored. I still remember the
           | sequence of beeps, whoops, and buzzers of the popular alarms.
           | 
           | For the device in TFA, I don't see what prevents a thief from
           | just bypassing the thing with a jumper from the battery +
           | terminal.
        
             | Eisenstein wrote:
             | Do you remember the the birds which adapted their calls to
             | mimic the alarm noises?
        
               | bagels wrote:
               | The mocking bird in my backyard knows all the car alarm
               | sounds, it's part of his daily routine.
        
           | TeMPOraL wrote:
           | I guess it wasn't only me who mentally associated that sound
           | with "uh oh someone's car was hit by a small branch carried
           | by the wind" and/or "a cat walked over the car".
        
         | devsda wrote:
         | This approach is not mischief proof and will become an easy way
         | to get back at the owners and/or your neighbors.
         | 
         | All a thief has to do is trigger enough false alarms (directly
         | or indirectly) to annoy you and the neighborhood that you
         | either disable it or learn to ignore it as false alarm.
        
           | boobsbr wrote:
           | I think it was sarcasm.
        
       | jrm4 wrote:
       | This seems very goofy:
       | 
       | But also, what seems very goofy to me is the removal of the
       | requirement of sticking your key in the ignition.
       | 
       | It really feels like this older thing, plus the wireless
       | crypto/radio bit they also have, really ought to be sufficient
       | for all of this?
        
       | binarymax wrote:
       | How about working car alarms?! Two of my family members were hit
       | in the same week (back window smashed) and the alarm never made a
       | sound. Luckily both of their cars weren't susceptible to the
       | common attack...so the damage was minimal.
        
       | obblekk wrote:
       | The receiver which measures the voltage pattern and decides if
       | the rest of the voltage is allowed or not becomes the weak point.
       | Like the encrypted key system used today, this could be buried
       | deep inside the engine, but unclear why this is better than keys
       | today.
       | 
       | In addition, if the driver should be able to manually recreate
       | the voltage pattern by actually flicking the lights/wipers, there
       | will be a relatively small number of voltage combinations which
       | could be iterated through an automated device connected directly
       | to the wires very quickly.
        
         | hulitu wrote:
         | Plus DOS when the battery is exhausted after a couple of "turn
         | lights on off, turn wipers on off".
        
           | talldatethrow wrote:
           | You could flash headlights probably 500+ times before a
           | healthy battery had even a little trouble starting.
        
             | Brusco_RF wrote:
             | We're considering the entire battery lifecycle. So the
             | correct way to think about this change is:
             | 
             | More energy required to start engine --> Minimum battery
             | health required to start engine increases --> battery
             | lifecycle decreases.
        
               | talldatethrow wrote:
               | I don't see how this could possibly reduce the battery
               | lifespan. Flashing the lights takes a few watts. The
               | vehicle will then be started and charged and never reach
               | any lower level of discharge where damage would occur.
               | 
               | Yes, if you flashed your lights everytime 500+ times and
               | got your battery to a meaningful low voltage where it
               | barely started every time, sure. But not in the use case
               | presented here.
        
               | Brusco_RF wrote:
               | Consider two cars with fading batteries at the end of
               | their lifecycles. They are on their last start before
               | needing to be replaced. They both have exactly enough
               | energy to start the car with nothing left over, however
               | one car has this system installed so it needs to flash
               | the headlights/wipers/windows first. That car fails to
               | start
        
               | talldatethrow wrote:
               | That's like saying we should also turn off keyless entry
               | sensors to make our battery last an extra day too, since
               | theyr draining power as your car sits all weekend, and
               | then one Monday morning your car won't start when you
               | need to go to work. Does it really matter if your car
               | starts 3000 times from a battery or 3001 times?
        
       | jeron wrote:
       | I simply drive a manual - ultimate theft deterrent these days
        
         | toomim wrote:
         | Not true. My manual civic was stolen 5 times in 5 years.
         | 
         | Car thieves learn how to break into various makes and models of
         | cars and hotwire them. They have also figured out this thing
         | called a "clutch".
        
           | jeron wrote:
           | in the last 5 years? thieves these days are young kids who
           | have never seen three pedals
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | Another DIY solution I've seen is magnet activated switch in a
       | place in the panels & magnet on keychain. Short of tearing the
       | car apart you're gonna have to know where to hold the magnet.
        
       | justinlloyd wrote:
       | Paraphrasing: "And you would have to turn the windshield wipers
       | on and off, switch the radio off, flash the headlights and our
       | clever device will then permit the car to start."
       | 
       | Yeah, that kinda sounds like my Caterham 7 back in the 1990s
       | during wet weather.
        
       | Kerrick wrote:
       | My grandfather invented, marketed, and maybe patented a device on
       | this premise before he died decades ago. I still have one in its
       | retail packaging in my curio cabinet.
       | 
       | IIRC the first iteration he made used a keypad to enter the code,
       | and the second used the blinkers.
       | 
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20010206124335/http://www.kapinn...
        
         | DavidPeiffer wrote:
         | Does the timer restart with each ignition start? I'm imagining
         | a thief who is aware of the system diligently putting the car
         | into neutral and turning the car off and on every 40 seconds
         | during their getaway.
        
         | alexchamberlain wrote:
         | So they've spent $1.2million to develop a pre-patented device?
        
           | nomel wrote:
           | This is low tech, available since the late 80's. It's a bit
           | ludicrous to think it wasn't invented, and reinvented, many
           | times within the last 43 years.
        
       | 0003 wrote:
       | Thus begins the spiral coming back to "physical" security vs
       | abstracted tech. Imagine the sales of a new BMW M5... "Yup this
       | baby has it all. Top of the line security. Worried the thieves
       | will see your finger prints on the keypad no worries. Just
       | manually hit the windshield 3x, run the blinkers so many times.
       | Etc etc. And there she goes..."
        
       | shadowtree wrote:
       | Way better would be a system of sliding metal panels to cover the
       | windows when parked. Most break ins here in SF just smash and
       | grab your shit.
       | 
       | Give me a way to protect the inside of the car.
       | 
       | Plus the fact that neither SFPD nor Oakland deploy decoy cars to
       | actually go after the thieves - what a total failure of basic
       | policing this area is. Can I get a 10mil grant to propose that!?
        
         | boobsbr wrote:
         | You want the Tom Jane Punisher's car?
        
       | samtho wrote:
       | This will always be a cat and mouse game: as cars become more
       | complicated and have more security features, there are just more
       | points of failure. A toolmaker for thieves or locksmiths will get
       | a new car and automate the exploitation of a vulnerability. Some
       | new lamps are fully computer controlled with pins for 12v, GND,
       | CAN-H, and CAN-L instead of just a switched leg and a common. If
       | I can get access to the inside of the housing, it's game over
       | anyway.
       | 
       | A sufficiently motivated actor will steal your car if then want
       | to. The immobilizer is kind of a joke when you can, with an
       | Arduino and access to the CAN bus, just dump the memory of your
       | immo controller or instrument cluster and find your pin, then use
       | that to pair a new key you had cut to a vin.
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | If your car can be repossessed, it can be stolen, and the set
         | of tools in a repo mans arsenal for moving vehicles is much
         | larger than most people might expect. If I can get my hands on
         | your vehicle, I can take it.
        
       | rpcope1 wrote:
       | GM seemed to have had this right in the late 80s and early 90s
       | with VATS: my Camaro had a resistor integrated into the key, and
       | if the ECM sensed the wrong resistance, it wouldn't start or run
       | the ignition. I think there were a large number of possible
       | values, and it would lock you out for a while if it detected a
       | couple of failed attempts. It also seemed pretty good at
       | preventing theft, and can't possibly be more complicated or
       | expensive than the silly fobs everything comes with.
        
       | jshprentz wrote:
       | Another way: the Batmobile's Anti-Theft Activator [1] from the
       | 1966-1968 Batman TV series.
       | 
       | [1] https://batlabels.tumblr.com/post/158029360040/anti-theft-
       | ac...
        
       | anjc wrote:
       | It's interesting to read how many comments here underestimate the
       | sophistication and expertise of mechanics and car thieves, and,
       | all of the poor suggestions to overcome theft. This despite the
       | userbase being technical.
       | 
       | I wonder if there's a mechanics forum somewhere in which posters
       | are confidently proposing Caesar ciphers and so on.
        
       | localtoast wrote:
       | As a kid, I watched my father pull a single fuse from the family
       | 4x4's fuse box whenever we left the vehicle unattented for any
       | extended period. Does a practical, lower-tech deterent exist?
        
         | indymike wrote:
         | This is the 2C/ solution to the problem... and usually doesn't
         | even require you to pop the hood if the fuse is inside the car.
        
           | localtoast wrote:
           | Yup; in our case it was in the cabin, a little to the left of
           | the steering column.
        
         | jaclaz wrote:
         | The "traditional" way (many years ago) was to open the
         | distributor (no tools needed, they had spring clips) and take
         | the rotor with you.
        
         | camhenlin wrote:
         | My buddy has an 89 Prelude that got stolen a couple of times.
         | It basically got driven around and left with an empty tank
         | around town both times and no signs of break in. I think the
         | keys are relatively common for those so maybe the thief has
         | one.
         | 
         | Anyways, I installed a switch up under his dash the disconnects
         | the fuel pump +12v wire. It takes just a moment to flick the
         | switch if you know where it is, and afterwards, the engine will
         | crank and crank and crank and sort of sound like it wants to
         | start at first, but never do anything. It would probably take
         | several minutes to find it if you had to look for the switch,
         | especially if it were at night and you were trying to steal the
         | car. Seems like a good lower tech deterrent to me! The car has
         | not been stolen since.
        
           | 1024core wrote:
           | > I think the keys are relatively common for those so maybe
           | the thief has one.
           | 
           | I have a buddy who had an old Ford in San Francisco. Once in
           | a while he'd get in the car in the morning and notice that it
           | felt .... strange. He couldn't put a finger on it. Then one
           | day he had to get to work a little early and showed up at his
           | car much earlier than normal. He found a guy sleeping in his
           | drivers seat. Needless to say, both were startled and the
           | homeless dude ran off, leaving a big bunch of keys behind in
           | a keychain. Those were "master" keys to get into a whole slew
           | of older vehicles.
        
           | wongarsu wrote:
           | Some cars also have unused switches on the dashboard
           | (presumably features you didn't pay for) that are perfect for
           | such use cases.
        
             | jaclaz wrote:
             | I remember (in the late '70's or maybe early '80's) a
             | friend's car where he added (it was not unusual at the time
             | to add "accessories" to cars, like fog lights or rear
             | lights ) a number (four or five) lever switches (connected
             | in serie) that acted like a dip-switch, you had to set them
             | in a given pattern (like up-down-up-up) to be able to start
             | the car.
        
       | cdchn wrote:
       | A million drivers of Hyundais that the manufacturer cheaped out
       | on immobilizers in the US would be interested in this as a
       | finished product.
        
       | betimsl wrote:
       | $1.2 million down the drain.
        
       | GeorgeTirebiter wrote:
       | My buddy uses a big-ass knife switch on the battery + terminal,
       | under the hood.
       | 
       | Since you have to open the car to 'pop' the hood, the only way to
       | steal it is to get inside somehow (slim jim, smash the window,
       | etc), pop the hood, pop the hood safety, know which black plastic
       | box has the knife switch, open that, close the switch, close the
       | hood, hotwire the ignition, and, finally... drive away.
       | 
       | Too much trouble. some other victim car will be chosen by the
       | typical car thief.
        
         | post_break wrote:
         | That works on older cars, on newer cars they will run like shit
         | if they are constantly killed. The ecu likes to learn things,
         | the transmission ecu, the radio, all your settings. A knife
         | switch on the fuel pump or starter would be better.
        
       | soared wrote:
       | Cool idea! Seems like car thieves could probably just carry
       | around another device to hack it, but certainly could be a
       | deterrent.
       | 
       | I don't know much about it but it seems like a key is supposed to
       | be the password for the car, so seemingly the key is where
       | improvements could be made. Like add unique and random
       | differences in the metal on each key and have the key slot read
       | those and only turn on the car if it matches (since I guess the
       | metal bumps are easily bypassed by thieves?)
       | 
       | Or couldn't the bumps on keys just be replaced by.. pretty much
       | anything that is physically secure and not multiple hundreds of
       | years old technology? Credit card chips, magnet strips, 2fa fobs,
       | fingerprint sensors, etc?
        
         | pc86 wrote:
         | > _Like add unique and random differences in the metal on each
         | key and have the key slot read those and only turn on the car
         | if it matches_
         | 
         | So turn a $100 ignition switch assembly into a $3,000 1-of-1
         | monstrosity? Would you need to replace the entire ignition
         | assembly if you lose your keys, or would you be able to
         | generate a key from the ignition assembly (or VIN or other
         | unique identifier)? Thieves would probably just do that for
         | high end vehicles anyway.
         | 
         | > _Or couldn't the bumps on keys just be replaced by.. pretty
         | much anything that is physically secure and not multiple
         | hundreds of years old technology?_
         | 
         | Isn't this exactly what push-to-start tech is? I'm not sure the
         | percentage of vehicles that have push-to-start at this point
         | but I'd imagine it's well into the majority, and increasing.
        
         | wongarsu wrote:
         | High security door keys commonly use magnets embedded in the
         | key as an additional security layer. A lot harder to pick by
         | hand, and also doesn't appear in photographs of the key.
         | 
         | For car keys manufacturers try to get away from physical keys
         | for years, and for a remote keyfob it's just a cost question.
         | Bidirectional communication allows for good cryptography with
         | challenge-response protocol, but costs more than
         | unidirectional. But then people want to be able to open their
         | car when the battery of their fob is dead ...
        
         | incahoots wrote:
         | I imagine the purpose is to extend the timer when attempting to
         | steal a vehicle.
         | 
         | Ford had their dial pad on their vehicles for the longest time
         | to prevent entry if you were using a non factory key to enter.
         | I always thought that was a neat feature, but heavily under
         | utilized.
        
         | ilyt wrote:
         | The hacks that are being used are bypassing the authentication
         | device so improving authentication device is pointless.
        
       | incahoots wrote:
       | The boomer in me suggests that you buy a manual transmission
       | automobile to deter would-be thieves...
       | 
       | Regarding the article, I get the idea that essentially this is a
       | stripped down version of using something like a Yubikey to access
       | a workstation (in this case, a car). I chuckled at the idea of
       | doing certain actions within the car to get it to operate.
       | 
       | ^ ^ v v < > < > B A Start Start
        
         | anaganisk wrote:
         | LB LT RB RT left right left right LB LT RB RT left right left
         | right
        
       | cjdoc29 wrote:
       | I know someone who wired their turn signal / high beam stalk to
       | need to be pulled while turning the ignition key. Back in the
       | early-mid 90s, my dad had a tiny light switch that needed to be
       | toggled before starting the car.
       | 
       | It's ridiculous this sort of thing is needed, but it's sort
       | of...fun?
        
       | marcodiego wrote:
       | I was once told that you can buy on of those realistic baby doll
       | and leave it on the back seat.
        
         | anaganisk wrote:
         | Great way to get your windows broken everyday
        
       | waihtis wrote:
       | tl,dr: 2FA for cars
        
       | excalibur wrote:
       | Getting strong flux capacitor vibes from this
        
       | thriftwy wrote:
       | Commercial immobilizers do that, but with much more sophisticated
       | technique than this amateur hour.
       | 
       | Mine sits straight near the car CPU and is protected by a metal
       | box.
        
       | johnea wrote:
       | A surprisingly simple way to foil car thieves
       | 
       | It's so simple, it can be done "With a new $1.2 million dollar
       | grant from the National Science Foundation"...
       | 
       | I guess simple doesn't mean what it used to mean...
        
         | hulitu wrote:
         | > I guess simple doesn't mean what it used to mean...
         | 
         | "You should see our new, redesigned, UI/UX" /s
        
         | ilyt wrote:
         | The amount is comical but there is still some development
         | required to turn DIY hack into actual product.
        
       | boringg wrote:
       | Wow - the solution is to overlay a physical keylike component to
       | the system tied to the battery. The whole point of keyless fob
       | was to make it easier. This negates that benefit. Why not just
       | put a key back to start the engine. Whoever is signing off on
       | that grant money doesn't understand product design.
        
       | TheDudeMan wrote:
       | Maybe we should insist that production key fobs are secure. It is
       | only pure laziness and incompetence that has resulted in them not
       | being secure. The tech is not difficult.
        
       | SoylentOrange wrote:
       | Q: if this is the equivalent of a password, what's the mechanism
       | for resetting the password? For example, you are selling a used
       | car. Or you have many cars each of which you don't use too
       | frequently. Or you have a tractor that you use seasonally. In
       | those cases, it's totally reasonable that you would have
       | forgotten the password. How do you reset it if it's wired into
       | the power line?
        
       | codedokode wrote:
       | This must be April 1st article.
        
       | bagels wrote:
       | They invented a less reliable immobilizer?
        
       | threeio wrote:
       | Maybe I'm missing something, but in some of my international
       | travels, rental cars had a keypad that had to be entered
       | correctly prior to the key working. No key code entry, no run.
       | 
       | Put the keypad in 3 times incorrectly in a row, system blinks
       | rad, you sat for an hour unless you called the rental place for
       | an override key.
       | 
       | Voltage fluctuation aside, it seems like the same system.
        
         | giobox wrote:
         | I haven't seen a separate keypad immobilizer (the kind where
         | you put key in ignition and turn, but engine wont start until a
         | pin is entered into a separate keypad in the cabin) since I
         | last sat in a Peugeot 205 in the early 90s - I'd be shocked to
         | see one on anything made in the last decade that isn't a weird
         | aftermarket accessory. I've never seen this on a rental car in
         | Europe/US in recent memory.
         | 
         | The pin pads Ford often fit to doors are not the same thing -
         | those are to provide cabin access without a key at places such
         | as worksites or camping trips etc.
        
           | maratc wrote:
           | In Cyprus, rental cars also have them (of course these are
           | aftermarket).
        
           | threeio wrote:
           | Travel to Israel, its in -every- car.
        
             | tguvot wrote:
             | required by insurance
        
       | kotaKat wrote:
       | The GM EV1 had this solved early on: they didn't use keys at all
       | - just a numeric PIN that you entered on the door and on the
       | center console to start. ;)
       | 
       | http://www.kingoftheroad.net/charge_across_america/graphics_...
       | 
       | Slap your PIN in and hit the RUN button and it'd fire right up.
        
         | dharmab wrote:
         | I believe Ford has a patent on keypad entry. Many of their
         | vehicles have it.
        
           | monkeywork wrote:
           | I love the keypad on my F150 I seriously wish all vehicles
           | had it.
        
             | mrguyorama wrote:
             | It used to be that the PIN logic was just a simple rolling
             | buffer and substring(ish) search, such that for a 6 button
             | keypad, an optimized 80ish button sequence would open every
             | single vehicle with those keypads.
        
       | gcanyon wrote:
       | if/when this becomes common, what prevents thieves from
       | carrying/providing their own positive cable to bypass the
       | authenticator?
        
       | onetimeuse92304 wrote:
       | Whatever is posted online, thieves will soon learn and figure out
       | how to circumvent.
       | 
       | What you want is to be original. You just need to think like a
       | thief.
       | 
       | What thieves don't like? _Surprises._
       | 
       | Just do something surprising that will make the thieve think it
       | is just too risky to try and they will go for an easier
       | alternative.
        
       | jheriko wrote:
       | surprisingly simple to circumvent from the sounds of it too...
        
       | ecf wrote:
       | I'll let you in on a secret that would deter care thieves.
       | 
       | Adequately punish the ones police happen to catch.
       | 
       | It'll create a reinforcing cycle. Police are more interested in
       | pursuing these cases because it's worth it for their time, and
       | thieves will be dissuaded from car theft because there might
       | actually be consequences if caught compared to the current slap
       | on the wrist.
        
       | mauvehaus wrote:
       | Easier solution: take off one highly visible trim piece from the
       | dashboard or console of your car, and throw a $20 DMM on the
       | passenger seat. A couple random bits of loose wire in various
       | colors for effect, maybe a half roll of electrical tape, and
       | nobody's going to take a second look.
       | 
       | Source: nobody has ever stolen any of the cars I've owned while
       | I've been troubleshooting the ongoing electrical problems.
        
       | koliber wrote:
       | In Israel, all the rental cars we rented had a keypad and you had
       | to enter a 4 digit pin to start it. That sounds simple. This
       | sound a bit more complicated.
        
       | oxfordmale wrote:
       | What about an old fashioned mechanical key?
       | 
       | Car manufacturers are directly to blame for the increased theft
       | of cars. It is a win win for them, as it results in higher car
       | sales. If a dood manufacturer would sell doors that can be easily
       | opened, everyone would complain. Far less so with cars.
        
         | Spivak wrote:
         | It wouldn't stop anything. You have a car that has everything
         | it needs to start and go just sitting there. Whether you have a
         | physical key, password, retina scanner, you name it the issue
         | is that the thief has physical access. For physical security
         | they can just short some wires to make the car think it has the
         | key, and for digital systems they gain access to the cleartext
         | internal message bus of the car and tell it to start. The
         | latter is the one that has more promise on making it actually
         | secure because you can make the software required to drive the
         | car and the car physically can't move without it but that comes
         | with a lot of usability and performance trade-offs.
        
         | woobar wrote:
         | Do you believe that mechanical keys were a deterrent before the
         | introduction of the immobilizers? And if they were why did they
         | bother with immobilizers, anti-theft alarms, and GPS trackers?
        
           | oxfordmale wrote:
           | Car theft rates were lower with mechanical keys. See below UK
           | statistics
           | 
           | Keyless cars top the list for most stolen cars across the UK,
           | with around 93% of all stolen vehicles in 2020 being taken
           | without vehicle keys.
        
             | woobar wrote:
             | This is not statistics. What percentage of the new cars are
             | keyless?
             | 
             | Here are stats for UK. Total cars stolen in UK dropped from
             | ~300K to ~100K in the last 20 years. [1] Even though number
             | of cars keep growing [2]
             | 
             | [1] https://www.statista.com/statistics/303551/motor-
             | vehicle-the...
             | 
             | [2] https://www.statista.com/statistics/299972/average-age-
             | of-ca...
        
       | austin-cheney wrote:
       | My ultimate anti-theft device: standard transmission.
        
       | swores wrote:
       | > _In a field test study on eight vehicles published in July
       | 2022, the researchers showed that a prototype of Battery Sleuth
       | was more than 99.9% effective at detecting and preventing
       | illegitimate activity without interfering with normal vehicle
       | operation_
       | 
       | Would anyone be able & kind enough to explain what sort of
       | testing could go from a sample of eight vehicles to a result of
       | "more than 99.9%"?
       | 
       | Does that mean they tested 1000 ways of hacking (or 125 ways on
       | each of 8 cars) and found 0 of them were successful? Or...
        
       | phendrenad2 wrote:
       | I'm surprised no one has resorted to chemical warfare. Add a can
       | of skunk spray under the driver's seat, wired up with a motor to
       | spray it if someone else tries to drive off in your car. Have an
       | audible beep a few times before it goes off, to remind YOU to hit
       | the secret switch to disable it. Car thieves will continue on
       | their merry way, wondering what that beeping is. Of course, you'd
       | probably be sued by the car thief, who wouldn't spend a minute of
       | jail time because city governments don't want to do their job, so
       | probably not actually a good idea...
       | 
       | (Maybe instead of skunk spray, you could turn the radio up full
       | blast, playing some CIA-approved heavy metal music?)
        
       | mulmen wrote:
       | Just take your battery out and carry it with you.
        
       | jeffreygoesto wrote:
       | Colleague had a Mini Cooper in the 80es where the Choke could be
       | pulled but pushing it back did nothing. There was one traffic
       | light that was always red (for the street with no priority) where
       | the owner went around and pushed the lever back. The car was
       | stolen once and found with the carb flooded after a mile or so.
        
       | K0balt wrote:
       | 1.2 million grant for this?
       | 
       | Now I've seen grift, but come on. I want to hire their grant
       | writer.
       | 
       | Literally a relay in the starter lead. This looks like one of my
       | afternoon projects, and I'm not even joking. I have a 1990s
       | montero diesel and it leaks power, and I often forget to
       | disconnect the terminal.
       | 
       | So I bought a relay from AliExpress (same one shown in this photo
       | but one size up) and hooked it up with an esp32 and some discrete
       | components.
       | 
       | It senses my phones Bluetooth radio and energises the relay if I
       | turn the key on when I'm within a few feet, as well as any other
       | Bluetooth radios I authenticate.
       | 
       | I can also just turn on the wipers momentarily and it will latch
       | the relay. If the vehicle is not running, the relay unlatches in
       | 15 minutes.
       | 
       | That way I can basically forget that it exists, problem solved.
       | It has been working flawlessly for two years now. The whole thing
       | took me about 3 hours to put on strip board and program, another
       | half hour to enclose and mount it.
       | 
       | Give me an hour more in micropython and I could make it require a
       | passcode entered on your phone with a secret wiper switch
       | sequence as a backup. If I threw a five dollar Hall effect
       | current sensor (as shown in their project) it could require a
       | whole dog and pony show of switch activations to unlock it.
       | Adjusting it to different vehicles would be a one- time
       | calibration sequence like I use for my water flow meters.
       | 
       | I guess I should have applied for a grant.
        
         | SanderNL wrote:
         | Hate to say it, but the tech itself is the easy part. It
         | usually is.
        
         | AnotherGoodName wrote:
         | https://xkcd.com/664/
        
           | K0balt wrote:
           | Lol. So true.
        
         | pseingatl wrote:
         | I thought I had the only 1980's-vintage Montero diesel. 4D55 4
         | cylinder engine, no turbo. That engine with a turbocharger was
         | sold in Mitsubishi pick-ups, but as of 1985, the 4D55 was not
         | imported. Had to import it myself, long story. I understand
         | there are replacement engines in Chile.
        
         | duxup wrote:
         | There was a news story a while ago that detailed a paper that
         | coined a term, something like "time battery". It detailed how
         | data centers could save money and power by processing intensive
         | tasks during off hours.
         | 
         | It seemed like a simple crib job would cover the entire
         | premise. Let alone all the other strategies out there.
         | 
         | It wasn't clear to me if the paper in question recognized that
         | people already do that with computers. I tried reading it but
         | it was pretty hard to get through.
        
         | woobar wrote:
         | This is very close to what the original LoJack did in 1979.
         | They added keypad to replace switching on lights:
         | 
         | [LoJack] could also include the incorporation of a scheme
         | whereby an additional step was required to activate the
         | ignition. Prior to starting, it would require the activation of
         | any number of the usual vehicle features such as the radio,
         | headlight switch, or other switched device. Without knowledge
         | of the proper procedure, it would be almost impossible to
         | activate the ignition. Modern transponder key based systems
         | made the original LoJack starting system obsolete
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LoJack
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | KennyBlanken wrote:
           | > Modern transponder key based systems made the original
           | LoJack starting system obsolete
           | 
           | Transponder keys aka immobilizer systems.
           | 
           | All those Kias being stolen in the US are being stolen
           | because the US does not mandate any form of immobilizer, and
           | thus Kia on their cheapest models didn't include one.
           | 
           | Canada mandates immobilizer systems. Guess where the whole
           | "Kia boys" phenomenon isn't a problem?
           | 
           | This is one of many examples of how our "democracy" isn't
           | working. The vast majority of the US populace would agree
           | that an immobilizer system which prevents a car from being
           | started with a screwdriver is a good thing.
           | 
           | Every time it's been proposed in congress, the automotive
           | lobby has told congress how very expensive it would be for
           | them (and by very expensive, we're talking probably less than
           | $100 per car.)
           | 
           | The expense to society (the owner losing their likely sole
           | means of transport to work, health care, social activities
           | and suddenly having a massive expense), police response to do
           | something (er, just collect the report, I guess), the lost
           | productivity, emergency services, and medical costs of people
           | injured (victims or perps) from joyriders...all that goes
           | unmentioned, because nobody's spending money to put someone
           | in front of Tommy Tubletone from chucklesville to tell him
           | that it'll cost everyone less to mandate the things.
           | 
           | Consider that ABS was not mandated in the US until 2012,
           | along with traction control.
           | 
           | Compared to a lot of european "socialist" countries, we have
           | much worse alignment between public opinion and legislation,
           | and it's because of how powerful lobbying and corporate
           | election funding is here, and a pervasive, insidious effort
           | to portray anything other than wild-west free-market
           | attitudes as "communism."
        
           | K0balt wrote:
           | As they do this system as well lol.
           | 
           | But good for them. They will learn a lot.
        
         | StevenXC wrote:
         | Speaking as someone who's reviewed for NSF before, I'd have
         | expected this grant to also include resources to get the
         | product to market, which I'm assuming you haven't done.
        
           | K0balt wrote:
           | Not on the battery relay, no, but I have done some small
           | scale hardware projects (>10k units) , and for something like
           | this I'd need about 250k to make 10k units of a <$10 BOM
           | setup like this. Not sure what any relevant certificates
           | might cost though. At any rate it's not going to be good for
           | your vehicle warranty lol.
           | 
           | But they might be funding for marketing costs and other soft
           | expenses. Nice project and a great jaunt for a year or two.
           | I'm sure they will learn a lot. Good for them.
           | 
           | The real screwy thing here is it's like they did no market
           | research or customer testing here. There are already a
           | multitude of cheap, sophisticated, highly effective solutions
           | in this segment that are much less user hostile than this
           | gadget seems to be .
        
           | hanniabu wrote:
           | Doesn't take much to put a few notes together
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | 0xdeadbeefbabe wrote:
           | Well say we give him 30 more minutes?
           | 
           | (Also, their device is supposed to be tamper proof. That
           | sounds more difficult)
        
             | K0balt wrote:
             | Hmm. If the can figure out how to make it so I can't just
             | tear their device out and hook up my own battery cable they
             | might be on to something, but most new cars already come
             | with sophisticated anti tampering measures.
             | 
             | At any rate, good for them. It will be a great learning
             | experience at least.
        
           | sbohacek wrote:
           | I don't think so. NSF Small Business Technology Transfer
           | (STTR) and NSF Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR)
           | grants include getting products to market. But this is a
           | regular research grant from NSF Secure and Trustworthy
           | Cyberspace (SaTC)[1].
           | 
           | The SaTC does have a Transition to Practice (TTP) option.
           | However, this research is CORE (see the text "CORE" in the
           | project title [2]). The objective is to write research
           | papers.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.nsf.gov/pubs/2022/nsf22517/nsf22517.htm [2] h
           | ttps://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2245223&His..
           | .
        
             | K0balt wrote:
             | Holy shit, so 1.2 mil to develop this and write some
             | papers? This is some oceans eleven shit right here lmfao.
             | 
             | That's amazing!
        
         | chriskanan wrote:
         | Here is the link to the award (I think):
         | https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2245223&His...
         | 
         | Probably half the award is taken up by indirect costs at the
         | university, leaving the remainder for a few PhD students to be
         | funded, money for the devices, and any studies where they are
         | probably paying participants to use the device.
         | 
         | $1.2M doesn't go that far in terms of grants. As far as whether
         | this is a good investment for the government's money, I'm a lot
         | less clear. Given all of the recent car thefts due to TikTok, I
         | assume that influenced NSF and the reviewers.
        
           | sushid wrote:
           | Half is taken by the university? How does that work?
        
             | etrautmann wrote:
             | Overhead is required to pay for space, electricity, admin,
             | etc. This is not inherently a problem, but the percentages
             | getting too high is...
        
             | gonzo wrote:
             | Happens all the time, nearly everywhere.
        
             | justinclift wrote:
             | Renting the space to the departments and other similar
             | things probably.
             | 
             | I wish I was joking, but a friend who works at a Uni was
             | recently complaining of their budget being affected by
             | (mandatory) things like that.
        
               | magicalhippo wrote:
               | And an evergrowing administration, at least where my mom
               | works. She said they used to take 1/3 not that many years
               | ago, now it's 1/2. In the same period the administration
               | has grown considerably.
               | 
               | A big problem is they don't always get all the money they
               | apply for, and so with the added overhead there's
               | sometimes very little left to do actual science.
        
               | ModernMech wrote:
               | Space is limited and coveted. What better way would you
               | propose to allocate it than to give it to who can bring
               | in the money to pay for it? That money goes to building
               | new spaces, which is good for everyone.
        
               | justinclift wrote:
               | Sure. Because Universities are all about "bringing in the
               | money" rather than education, research, and similar yeah?
        
               | sclarisse wrote:
               | Yeah :(
        
               | ke88y wrote:
               | _> What better way_
               | 
               | Open up all federal grants -- especially NSF grants -- to
               | anyone with credentials or experience necessary to PI
               | (so, a PhD or equivalent industry experience). Broaden
               | the reviewer pool so that each panel is at least 51% non-
               | Professor expert citizens.
               | 
               | I can do a LOT of advising and conduct a LOT of research
               | with close to 0% overhead. But most NSF grants are only
               | possible to get if you attach yourself to a university,
               | and at that point it's just not worth the effort.
               | Everyone loses, except for the academic industry, which
               | gets heinously immoral labor laws exceptions so that TT
               | professors and admins can retire-in-place on the
               | taxpayer's dime in their mid 30s.
               | 
               | What possible actual reason does the NSF have for
               | requiring research work to be done at universities?
        
             | chriskanan wrote:
             | It varies per university. Looks like for UMich it is 56%.
             | https://orsp.umich.edu/develop-proposal/budget-and-cost-
             | reso...
             | 
             | I believe Stanford is 60%. My university is 54%.
             | 
             | Here is an explanation for the justification of this:
             | https://spo.berkeley.edu/guide/fa.html
             | 
             | It does certainly feel excessive as an academic. I've never
             | seen actual tracking of where the F&A money goes in terms
             | of a quantifiable breakdown, e.g., what fraction goes to
             | university accounting for doing their needed work for
             | supporting a sponsored project, what amount goes toward
             | electricity, etc. Universities always seem to be
             | negotiating with the Federal government to raise the rate.
             | When I was at an institution with a 45% rate, though, it
             | let me stretch my grants a lot further by allowing me to
             | fund more students.
        
             | ModernMech wrote:
             | Consider it rent+taxes to live in the University
             | environment. You get access to libraries. IT
             | infrastructure. Special equipment and space for your
             | research. Lots of competent smart people eager to help you
             | with your project. How much would you pay for that?
             | 
             | I worked at a startup and between the rent for our office
             | and our individual rents, like 80% of the VC money went
             | into landlord pockets.
             | 
             | Also there are plenty of "tax breaks" you can get so that
             | you don't have to pay so much. Capital expenditures will be
             | taxed at 0%, so you can get your overall rate down
             | significantly.
        
             | throw9away6 wrote:
             | Only half. The university bureaucracy is great and all
             | powerful
        
           | samstave wrote:
           | Curious, what % of costs of a grant are usually consumed by
           | the UNi - are these to pay for equipment, power, lab time,
           | etc?
           | 
           | Or are they slurping funds for other aspects of the uni's
           | operations?
        
             | intrasight wrote:
             | Universities typically take 50%
        
             | HWR_14 wrote:
             | Usually about half. It's designed to cover the costs of
             | running a university research program spread across all the
             | projects. So a 10MM project provides 10x the funding that a
             | 1MM project provides. Think things like health insurance
             | for the researchers, covering time between projects, lab
             | capital costs, electricity, administration, accounting,
             | even the cost of writing grants.
             | 
             | There's a valid question of if that number can be smaller,
             | but the general concept makes sense.
        
             | klodolph wrote:
             | https://academia.stackexchange.com/questions/25910/what-
             | does...
             | 
             | Overhead includes things like administrative & support
             | staff, equipment depreciation, etc.
             | 
             | It's often calculated as some percentage of the grant. Then
             | you fill out your timesheet to bill hours to specific
             | grants, so it can all be tracked.
        
           | K0balt wrote:
           | Honestly good for them. I'm sure they will learn a lot.
        
         | bozhark wrote:
         | If you need a grant writer...
         | 
         | 100% acceptance of every grant proposal I've ever submitted.
        
         | coldtea wrote:
         | > _That way I can basically forget that it exists, problem
         | solved. It has been working flawlessly for two years now. The
         | whole thing took me about 3 hours to put on strip board and
         | program, another half hour to enclose and mount it. Give me an
         | hour more in micropython and I could make it require a passcode
         | entered on your phone with a secret wiper switch sequence as a
         | backup._
         | 
         | So, basically a custom rig, with some shit that might or might
         | not work from AliExpress, is out of the question for anybody
         | not knowledgable in electronics ("hooked it up with an esp32
         | and some discrete components"), and needs even more work to
         | have a functionality that would come in standard in a
         | commercial solution.
         | 
         | Some of the strongest https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9224
         | vibes...
        
           | montag wrote:
           | No offense to the GP, but geez that comment belongs in some
           | kind of Hacker News hall of fame
        
         | Mizoguchi wrote:
         | Not sure about the details of this particular grant, but with
         | federal grants usually you don't get a million dollar check to
         | develop your idea. The money is divided in phases each
         | requiring a set of milestones to be completed, reviewed and
         | approved for you to have access to more resources. The total
         | grant may be a million, but you may first get 100K and 6 months
         | to show a working version then the next phase if approved gives
         | you 200K more and so on.
        
           | s1artibartfast wrote:
           | Most federal grant I've worked with don't have internal
           | milestones gating funding. That is taken care of by separate
           | grants at each phase.
           | 
           | You might need to lay out your whole road map for the first
           | grant, but but that entire grant only covers 6mo or whatever.
        
         | jaboutboul wrote:
         | If you're already done with development then why not beat them
         | to market?
        
           | K0balt wrote:
           | Because there's no product market fit here. There are a
           | myriad of far more secure and user friendly alternatives. I
           | briefly investigated the market thinking maybe I had
           | something cool, but there are a thousand better solutions
           | under 20 dollars.
           | 
           | The only way something like this gets traction is "as seen on
           | TV" marketing to naive consumers, and I have no interest in
           | building for that market.
        
         | soligern wrote:
         | That's what people said about Dropbox too. I can set this up in
         | 5 mins with rsync blah blah. There is value and effort involved
         | in making it production ready, seamless, general population
         | ready etc.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | mcpackieh wrote:
           | > _There is value and effort involved in making it production
           | ready, seamless, general population ready etc._
           | 
           | This wasn't done. Well, it wasn't done by these researchers,
           | but it has been done countless times before by other people.
           | This research is a joke.
           | 
           | Edit: I've realized the dropbox comment reference is an
           | appropriate reference, but in the exact opposite way you're
           | suggesting. All the ignition interlock switches already on
           | the market are dropbox. This researcher is the one saying
           | "look what I can do with rsync."
        
         | beerandt wrote:
         | Agreed. This is just fancy marketing for what is is essentially
         | a battery with an obscure and overly convoluted password scheme
         | to output >x amps.
         | 
         | Also:
         | 
         | Plugging in a battery booster down stream of the device's
         | imposed amp bottleneck seems like a stupid simple
         | circumvention.
         | 
         | Maybe it isolates the starter circuit, but that starts
         | diminishing it's selling point of being simple and universal,
         | if you need to start dealing with differences in wiring.
        
         | cobertos wrote:
         | Huh, the house I'm living in was built with a $300k NSF grant.
         | Though I bought it for $2k at auction (it's 220sqft). Funnily
         | enough, also from U of M
         | 
         | Crazy to think you could build at least 4 of these with the
         | same amount of grant money.
        
         | pohl wrote:
         | Prototyping is a tiny fraction of product development.
        
         | memetomancer wrote:
         | This is a frustrating yet common sort of take. Yes, this is
         | simple, as the article clearly points out. Yes it is obvious in
         | retrospect. But did you do anything with your brilliant work
         | besides bodge your terrible car a few more miles down the road?
         | 
         | There is value to developing the entire system... to ensuring
         | the keypad mechanism is reasonably robust and tamper proof.
         | There is value to understanding the vehicle as a system and
         | reasoning out this defense strategy. There will be value in
         | preliminary productization of something this for mass
         | production, especially as regards the use of that terrible 12v
         | power port and providing the 'fingerprint' in a safe range of
         | voltage fluctuations to avoid catastrophic and probably non-
         | obvious failure modes. There will likely be D.O.T. paperwork,
         | and UL listing.
         | 
         | $1.2 million is probably a bit meager to truly develop
         | something like this.
         | 
         | Yes, you can hobble some crap together on your Montero.
         | Congratulation. Hardly a solid foundation to speak ill of this
         | team doing something genuinely productive.
        
           | Gordonjcp wrote:
           | > There is value to developing the entire system... to
           | ensuring the keypad mechanism is reasonably robust and tamper
           | proof. There is value to understanding the vehicle as a
           | system and reasoning out this defense strategy. There will be
           | value in preliminary productization of something this for
           | mass production,
           | 
           | https://a.allegroimg.com/original/03e206/1de3f26447d79428246.
           | ..
           | 
           | Optional extra on Series 1 Citroen XMs, an immobiliser keypad
           | programmed into the engine ECU. It cost about 100 quid in
           | 1990 money, on a 40 grand luxury car. Most V6es and 2.5
           | diesels had them, few 4-cyl petrols or 2.1 diesels had them.
           | 
           | There's no need to spend $1.2M developing something that's
           | already existed for a long time. This was actually a
           | development of a similar keypad fitted to most Citroen CX
           | Turbos, from the mid-1980s. The idea is nearly 40 years old.
           | 
           | It's inexpensive proven technology, and it works well.
        
           | dghlsakjg wrote:
           | There are dozens of similar mechanisms for sale on
           | Amazon/aliexpress. A car alarm with an immobilizer is more
           | advanced than this "innovation".
           | 
           | They are claiming that the novel part is using voltage
           | fluctuations to unarm the immobilizer and claiming that it
           | requires less installation since the signaler device can plug
           | directly into the cigarette outlet. A wireless relay requires
           | the same cuttoff relay installation as their "new" idea, but
           | is even more convenient because you don't have to install a
           | bodged together keypad on the cigarette lighter, and short
           | your electrical system to cause voltage fluctuations.
           | 
           | They have blown through 1.2mm in grant money and their
           | product is a bunch of prototype parts from a $50 arduino
           | starter kit. It isn't polished, it isn't ready for consumers,
           | it is a single prototype.
           | 
           | I guess the idea of causing voltage fluctuations is novel,
           | but they sort of reinvented a $30 wheel for 1.2 million.
        
           | olyjohn wrote:
           | That's the problem with the whole concept. Anybody can build
           | a shockingly simple kill switch for $5 and a 5 video on
           | YouTube. What are they trying to bring to market exactly?
           | Cars have been around for 100 years and there have been
           | hundreds if not thousands of these things brought to
           | production during that time. They're all junk, they all fail
           | and flop.
           | 
           | And great if you thing that those voltage fluctuations are
           | gonna be consistent. Eventually some switch will corrode and
           | then the person's wiper switch won't fluctuate the voltage
           | properly. Nobody will want to reset their clocks using this
           | every time they get in the car. Your break-in alarm won't
           | work with the battery disconnectred. Car manufacturers will
           | be pissed that you're disconnecting the battery because they
           | can't get your telemetry and the car can't update while
           | you're not int it. And then when you have problems, this will
           | be the first thing ripped out of the car by your mechanic.
           | This whole concept is flawed, and anybody with basic car or
           | electronics knowledge will stay away from this thing because
           | they can do it themselves.
           | 
           | And here's the kicker... anybody who doesn't have basic
           | knowledge won't be hooking this thing up to their battery.
           | They are terrified of even touching the battery.
           | Congratulations on your marketing BS, but it's clearly not
           | thought out from a common sense perspective at all.
        
             | dcow wrote:
             | If you read TFA then you'd realize they've solved almost
             | every issue you throw down. They allow enough current
             | through to power electronics (like your break-in alarm) but
             | not enough to turn the engine over.
             | 
             | The target market for this is not "anyone with basic car or
             | electronics knowledge who can do it themselves"... it's,
             | "people who want an extra level of defense against car
             | thieves".
        
           | pavon wrote:
           | There is zero novel research here, and the entire purpose of
           | the 1.2 million dollar grant was research. All the value you
           | are mentioning is related to bringing a product to market,
           | which is something that the grant did not require and
           | universities don't usually follow through. Most of the time
           | transition to industry happens is when there are motivated
           | companies who do all the work to bring the device to market,
           | but need university patent licenses and expertise to do so.
           | This would be a great senior project, but it is a complete
           | waste of money for a cyber security grant.
        
             | memetomancer wrote:
             | I disagree: the device monitors battery fluctuations to
             | 'authenticate' the driver. the fluctuations need to be a
             | specific pattern - delivered either by a device plugged
             | into the 12v accessory port, or by some specific pattern of
             | driver behavior, such as quickly flashing lights,
             | activating wipers, etc. This is indeed a novel approach.
             | 
             | And it is a fair sight more involved than a simple kill
             | switch, by the look of things. The research aspect comes
             | from exploring the practicality of such an approach. This
             | exploration requires prototypes, test beds and
             | investigators.
             | 
             | Who's really to say what the results of the research will
             | be, at this point? In my opinion, I think smart phones and
             | NFC are probably the way to go... but I'm not going to hop
             | on the internet and make scornful remarks until I know
             | more. I'm not sure why you have done so?
        
           | mNovak wrote:
           | To be fair, most universities are great at interesting
           | research but are also terrible at even preliminary
           | productization. I highly doubt this $1.2M will go towards DOT
           | paperwork and UL listing. This will go to a research
           | prototype, then either get dropped off at the tech transfer
           | IP office (good luck there), or spin out a startup. In the
           | latter case, I'd have much rather seen this grant go directly
           | to the startup, than pay the high Uni overhead.
        
           | K0balt wrote:
           | No, really, good for them.
           | 
           | But don't be talking down on my car. That's just not cool.
           | 
           | That beast is the workhorse of the farm and it gets the job
           | done.
           | 
           | None of the windows roll down though and it's hot as hell
           | inside, so it discourages unnecessary use, saving the planet.
           | 
           | It rarely sees pavement but it drags what needs to be dragged
           | and it pulls the utility rigs out after they deliver to us.
        
             | DanHulton wrote:
             | And that's all well and good, but maybe introspect here for
             | a second? You're upset that your accomplishments aren't
             | being respected, immediately after discounting the
             | accomplishments of others.
             | 
             | The point is that your car's modifications and the
             | university's are similar, but different, particularly in
             | scale and broad robustness, which adds difficulty in ways
             | you may not be appreciating.
             | 
             | $1.2 million may sound like a lot to you, but to pay a team
             | of people to work on, and provide materials for them to
             | work with (especially cars, which generally aren't cheap,
             | especially used cars right now!)... Well, it likely doesn't
             | go as far as you think it does.
        
               | fdr wrote:
               | The professor did gloss over briefly the difficulty in
               | making the system work for a large number of vehicles,
               | before arriving at a viable "signature" idea, as the
               | article describes. Sounds like an area with a lot of
               | false starts (heh) and time consumption, and dead ends.
        
               | K0balt wrote:
               | Vectorising the power profiles makes this a no brainier.
               | I've done it, and I have no brain.
        
               | dghlsakjg wrote:
               | The professor should have seen that he could send a
               | signature over the airwaves to his relay since that is
               | even more universally compatible... plus, you can buy
               | that exact device for about $20 at the online retailer of
               | your choice.
        
               | Gordonjcp wrote:
               | Given that it's an idea that has been in production
               | vehicles for 40 years, I doubt you'd need to spend $1.2M
               | to "develop" it.
        
               | K0balt wrote:
               | I'm not disparaging their work. It is probably really
               | cool, and they probably published some great information
               | that will be useful to many. I don't doubt it was
               | challenging for them, but I do doubt that the problem was
               | fundamentally challenging from en engineering
               | perspective.
               | 
               | As for my "work" it is literally insignificant tinkering
               | by a bored old fucker with nothing better to do than chat
               | on hacker news.. I don't even respect my work, and anyone
               | who thinks more of it than digging a ditch is just wrong
               | and has obviously never dug a ditch.
               | 
               | But, just calling it like it is, the "signature " thing
               | they are working on is something that is already solved
               | for decades and if it took anyone more than a week they
               | may not have a clue what they are doing. I have
               | implemented a version of it myself in a technically
               | adjacent application.
               | 
               | In case anyone cares enough - and you probably shouldn't-
               | feel free to read my incoherent ranting that follows:
               | 
               | In my case I use load vector analysis it to detect and
               | characterise loads on our microgrid. We have several
               | buildings and houses, and we run 100 percent solar on an
               | off grid system.
               | 
               | Using an esp32 and a current transformer coil on each of
               | the three phases, with some good 16 bit ADCs, we monitor
               | and characterise loads. Each of the refrigeration
               | compressors has a somewhat unique starting and load
               | profile. Each water pump in our utility system similarly
               | has a unique startup and load profile. Same with air
               | compressors, fans, and other equipment.
               | 
               | The profiles are programmed into the esp32 by putting it
               | in calibration mode and switching the load off and on 10
               | times. It's a pain in the ass because you have make sure
               | no big changes happen in the power system in the
               | meantime, but it works.
               | 
               | The MCU saves the signature as a vector and assigns it a
               | number if it doesn't sit too close to any existing vector
               | signature.
               | 
               | It is really good actually, even being able to
               | discriminate between identical pumps on the system
               | because of their supply impedance and loading.
               | 
               | I'm not a data scientist or an actual engineer so I
               | adapted some vector code from a DSP project, and the
               | whole thing took me about 2 days using the Arduino IDE
               | (please kill me)
               | 
               | I'm basically an idiot. Anyone who does this for a living
               | should be able to do it in less than half the time.
               | 
               | There are still some rare false negatives because a grid
               | can be quite chaotic, but in general it's very accurate.
               | In a simple D.C. system like a car in the off condition
               | with predictable loads I would fully expect 4 nines
               | discrimination.
               | 
               | What they did was cool, but it wasn't hard. Not saying it
               | wasn't hard for them, and maybe they learned a lot, but
               | I'm pretty sure that 1.2 million to solve the problems
               | described in the article is two orders of magnitude off
               | of reasonable.
               | 
               | From the provided description, If a single engineer with
               | decent tools could not have this from zero to a
               | production ready GERBER file with masks, stencils, and
               | the works to send off for automatic assembly inside of a
               | month they should probably look for another line of work.
               | 
               | Of course, if they work like I do which is to say they
               | don't, very much, and they mostly drink coffee and fuck
               | off all day, then I'd give them a month and a half
               | knowing full well they did all of the actual work in a
               | week of panicked thrashing, creating months of technical
               | debt in every line of code to build the glass house that
               | somehow works without passing any of the tests but that's
               | fine you just rewrite the tests.
               | 
               | Of course certification and things like that are a whole
               | different beast, but this was a CORE research grant.
        
               | ModernMech wrote:
               | $1.2 million will fund 4 years of research for 2
               | professors, and 2 PhD students. It's not exactly a career
               | making grant.
        
               | xwdv wrote:
               | That seems extravagant. By my calculations it should fund
               | approximately 6 or so years.
        
               | neuronerdgirl wrote:
               | Cover the two PhD students at the NIH payscales for PhD
               | students on a standard training grant[1] ($43,894 not
               | including benefits) and you've used up over a quarter of
               | your budget on less than half the salary needs,
               | completely ignoring any research costs that need to be
               | covered on top of the much higher payscales of the
               | professors. Plus a large number of PhD students in this
               | kind of work make more than the states stipend above. Not
               | extravagant.
               | 
               | https://osr.ucsf.edu/news/nih-update-ruth-l-kirschstein-
               | nati....
        
               | lasfter wrote:
               | Where are you seeing $44k? The link you gave shows
               | payscales for postdocs, and points to another page [1]
               | showing that predoctoral trainees get $27k.
               | 
               | Also, in my field and in my region, $27k is massive
               | funding. I don't know anybody who makes that much, let
               | alone $44k, and we also don't get tuition or benefits
               | covered. Our TA/RA union is currently striking because
               | it's essentially impossible to live off of funding alone.
               | 
               | [1] https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/notice-files/NOT-
               | OD-23-0...
        
               | neuronerdgirl wrote:
               | I'll give you that I misread bullet 2, so the total is a
               | little over 31k. But grants that fund salaries for
               | predoctoral scholars don't just fund the salary itself,
               | they also cover the additional funds listed on that page.
               | You can't partially fund a trainee on a grant. In any
               | case, this wildly misses the forest for the trees - 1.2
               | mil in grants does not cover 6 years of salary plus
               | research costs for 2 trainees and 2 professors full stop.
        
               | xwdv wrote:
               | But it's not 4 years either.
        
               | xwdv wrote:
               | This was my conclusion as well. Will wait to see what the
               | response is here.
        
               | totoglazer wrote:
               | No way. Half goes to overhead. 600k/4 people/4years =
               | 38k/person/year.
        
               | dghlsakjg wrote:
               | Did you see the picture of what they built? I wouldn't
               | describe it as refined or particularly professional.
               | 
               | It sounds like his system is more refined than the
               | academic one. It certainly has more features.
        
             | spell-slinger wrote:
             | He sounds like a monster of a vehicle. Loyal and strong.
             | The goodest of cars.
        
             | seemack wrote:
             | 1 line barely acknowledging the criticism, 4 lines
             | defending the car whose feelings I can assume have been
             | mortally wounded. The defensiveness around the car is
             | ironic given how casually you threw out your needlessly
             | negative hot-take.
        
           | brk wrote:
           | It is obvious in retrospect because this concept has been
           | around for 30 years. A common killswitch mechanism that I
           | remember being implemented in the early 90's was a system
           | that tied into accessory devices. On my friends car you had
           | to put the key to ACC, then turn the cruise control on and
           | off, and then engage and disengage the parking brake before
           | the car would start. No other obvious lights, buttons,
           | switches, etc. And you could install the killswitch device to
           | tie into basically any 2 systems that used battery power.
        
             | pmontra wrote:
             | My father disconnected the distributor (correct word?) and
             | took a piece of it with him. Definitely a killswitch. That
             | was in the 70s. Cars got more complicated around 1980.
        
               | function_seven wrote:
               | Mine removed the starter relay at night. (The car didn't
               | have a distributor AFAIK, or if it did, it wasn't as
               | accessible).
               | 
               | This wasn't to foil thieves, it was to frustrate the repo
               | man.
        
               | Tempest1981 wrote:
               | Yep, removing the rotor from under the distributor cap
               | (correct), which disabled the ignition system.
        
               | passer_byer wrote:
               | My hack was to purchase a 2017 vehicle with a 5 speed
               | manual transmission. I reckon 95% of would be thieves
               | can't easily drive it away!
        
               | sitzkrieg wrote:
               | my trick too, esp in some areas. getting harder and
               | harder to find outside of sports cars :-(
        
               | jjav wrote:
               | > My father disconnected the distributor (correct word?)
               | and took a piece of it with him.
               | 
               | Yes, my dad was used to removing the rotor from the
               | distributor (small piece, easy to pop off and unless the
               | thief just happens to have the correct model handy, the
               | car can't run) back in the 60s (maybe he did it earlier).
               | 
               | I'm pretty sure some form of this has been popular for
               | just about as long cars have had an electrical system.
        
             | borski wrote:
             | Dropbox wasn't a new idea either. rsync had existed for
             | many years.
        
               | brk wrote:
               | But Dropbox made rsync more user friendly and available
               | to people who weren't techies.
               | 
               | The concept of a starter interrupter has been around
               | almost as long as the automobile itself. Ways to engage
               | and disengage that interrupter have evolved and advanced
               | over the years. Older folks will remember cars with a
               | keyswitch on the front fender, and then a keypad inside,
               | and then hidden switches like I described in my OP, and
               | then IR and RF remotes, and so forth.
               | 
               | The basic concept in the linked article is not very
               | novel, IMO. The specific implementation is cute, and
               | somewhat current in the sense of evolution of these
               | systems. But the whole thing is as noteworthy as the next
               | arm64 advancement.
        
               | positron6000 wrote:
               | "i'm not a 'car guy' - where can i get a simple interface
               | for a killswitch that only needs to be installed once and
               | can be controlled from an app?"
               | 
               | ^ this is where the value is, which is what the $1.2m is
               | intended to explore.
        
               | dghlsakjg wrote:
               | 30 seconds on aliexpress found me this:
               | https://a.aliexpress.com/_mPSrPR0
               | 
               | No Bluetooth, but it does have a dedicated RF remote.
               | 
               | Edit: figured out the keywords I needed for the exact
               | product you want "bluetooth immobilizer"
               | 
               | https://a.aliexpress.com/_mNgigFk
        
               | andirk wrote:
               | I love rsync. Used it to batch some few million image
               | files for Sephora makeup company to a couple different
               | servers.
        
               | dghlsakjg wrote:
               | So does this "project".
               | 
               | There are dozens of already existing products that are
               | designed to do _exactly_ this for pretty cheap.
               | 
               | https://a.aliexpress.com/_mPSrPR0
        
             | rhaway84773 wrote:
             | And despite being around for 30+ years it's not broadly
             | adopted despite a significant rise in car thefts.
        
               | thriftwy wrote:
               | In some countries, it is.
        
               | darau1 wrote:
               | I would say because of how it must be installed, and that
               | it is probably not common knowledge. In my country, it is
               | not unheard of, but I hadn't heard of it until my
               | electrician mentioned seeing one on a car he worked on
               | recently. I asked if he can install one for me, and he
               | said he doesn't know how, nor did he know the name of the
               | person that installed the one on the other car.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | Is there actually a significant rise in car thefts? Or
               | did we just hit an acute rise in car thefts of two
               | particular models, caused by the discovery (Well,
               | publication, really) that they are still using 30-year-
               | old security?
        
               | janalsncm wrote:
               | Good question, it seems like car theft is on the rise,
               | yes. And it's spiking in particular metro areas
               | (Milwaukee, Chicago) more than average, although national
               | trends are also up.
               | 
               | https://counciloncj.org/wp-
               | content/uploads/2023/01/CCJ%E2%80...
        
               | andirk wrote:
               | In California, if youre car is stolen and then found, the
               | cops will give you a fat ticket and tow your car and then
               | give you a ticket for it getting towed. Somehow getting
               | the car towed is also a ticket.
        
               | kid64 wrote:
               | Yep. Shameless re-victimization.
        
               | balder1991 wrote:
               | Another question you can ask is was there any incentive
               | before to not report car thefts?
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | A salient issue has been that Hyundai/KIA didn't
               | implement any anti-theft mechanisms on certain models,
               | and recently the details about how to steal these cars
               | has become popular knowledge, and now people who own the
               | affected models can't even get insurance on them.
               | 
               | There's been some other exploits to infotainment systems,
               | but AFAIK, they are all limited to proof of concepts. And
               | the radio-repeater that almost works occasionally on some
               | cars with wireless key access (better implementations
               | have proximity detection which prevents this attack
               | vector).
               | 
               | As it turns out, immobilizers are pretty damn effective.
               | 
               | If I owned an effected Hyundai/KIA, I'd do like we all
               | did with 90s cars and put a killswitch in. It's not
               | professional car thieves hitting the bulk of these cars,
               | but mostly bored people showing of. So if YT can't show
               | them what to do if the car won't start, they will go
               | away.
        
             | xattt wrote:
             | > On my friends car you had to put the key to ACC, then
             | turn the cruise control on and off, and then engage and
             | disengage the parking brake before the car would start.
             | 
             | That's a cute trick, but if a current day equivalent is
             | integrated into modern day cars (i.e. CANBUS-based), then
             | the security is already defeated.
             | 
             | No one challenged the security of the "cruise control cheat
             | code" of the 1990s simply because there were no devices
             | small enough. The other bit is that criminals weren't
             | sophisticated enough.
        
           | jabart wrote:
           | $1.2 million sounds like a lot but there is a team of people
           | working on it for a whole year. There is some insurance OP
           | doesn't have in case it's proven one of these devices did
           | cause a crash. If this was some Kickstarter I feel like it
           | would cost more and be 3 years behind already.
        
           | cdchn wrote:
           | This is the same kind of take as going to a nice restaurant
           | and loudly exclaiming "$50 for a steak?! I could pay $8 at
           | the butcher and make the same thing at home!"
        
             | mcpackieh wrote:
             | It's more like a researcher getting a $1M grant to study
             | whether putting salt on a steak makes it taste better, and
             | a chef saying _" Wtf, we've been doing this forever"_
        
           | foooorsyth wrote:
           | I work for a major OEM in automotive. Getting ANYTHING
           | "simple" into real cars, especially anything related to
           | physical access and starting the vehicle, is a huge
           | undertaking. $1.2 mm is cheap for this sort of feature,
           | assuming that money goes to the actual implementation,
           | standardization, homologation, and integration on the
           | assembly line.
        
             | f1shy wrote:
             | Car OEM are far as example of efficient work...
        
               | foooorsyth wrote:
               | It's not efficient. That's the point.
               | 
               | The car is a complicated product. It's not a website.
               | It's not an app. My employer has 120k+ employees and
               | factories in every continent except Antarctica.
               | Regulatory bodies interject with anything related to
               | access and security, and those bodies are different in
               | every country/region. The product itself is massive
               | physical good that many countries consider domestic
               | production of which to be a matter of national security.
               | Every single physical change to the product is analyzed
               | by bean counters. Shipping the product requires at least
               | some level of expertise in mechanical engineering,
               | chemical engineering, hardware, software, and
               | manufacturing. You need factories, regulatory approval,
               | supplier networks, programmers, drivetrain engineers,
               | management, people to lobby the government, accountants,
               | and much more. You need it all.
               | 
               | You'd be shocked at how difficult adding a single
               | physical button to any given car can be. Scoffing at
               | $1.2mm for a new ECU that relates to security is naive.
               | "I could do this in one day in my garage" is not how
               | shipping a change to automotive products works.
        
             | jsight wrote:
             | > $1.2 mm is cheap for this sort of feature, assuming that
             | money goes to the actual implementation, standardization,
             | homologation, and integration on the assembly line.
             | 
             | Maybe I'm reading it wrong, but it sounded like the $1.2mm
             | went to some prototypes and a research paper.
        
               | foooorsyth wrote:
               | Well if that's the case then it is indeed a rip off for
               | the taxpayer.
        
             | dghlsakjg wrote:
             | They already spent $1.2mm. They have a prototype hand wired
             | together. This isn't even close to production ready, and it
             | never will go into production because almost every new
             | vehicle has an immobilizer built in that is authenticated
             | via an nfc chip in the key that does exactly what this
             | does, but transparently without driver input.
        
         | unsui wrote:
         | > I guess I should have applied for a grant.
         | 
         | But you didn't.
         | 
         | Echoing the sentiment from many of the replies, it's easy to
         | arm-chair quarterback and criticize others' work (and moreover,
         | the existence of the work itself) as intuitively obvious, and
         | therefore lacking value.
         | 
         | Besides the fact that it has value to someone (therefore the
         | grant award), the devil's in the details, and a grant like this
         | isn't just for the idea, but also for development and
         | productionizing.
         | 
         | But, going back to your point... if you think you can do
         | better, than by all means do so. Seems like sour grapes that
         | someone else is capitalizing on something that is intuitively
         | obvious to you.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | draw_down wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | nnurmanov wrote:
       | What if thieves steal cars for their parts? They can tow car and
       | beat such security systems:)
        
       | joe_the_user wrote:
       | I think chip-keys are extremely common now - my twenty year old
       | Infiniti has one. Car theft rates have been declining for thirty
       | years [1]. I think thieves focus on either the remaining old cars
       | or very specialized efforts for new cars.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.statista.com/statistics/191216/reported-motor-
       | ve...
        
         | fragmede wrote:
         | They were first designed (and patented) in _1919_. More
         | importantly is that they 're now required on all new cars sold
         | in the US according to Standard No. 114; Theft protection and
         | rollaway prevention, though I'm not totally clear on when that
         | got passed.
         | 
         | https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/49/571.114
        
       | tonymet wrote:
       | this is a case where they should have run the idea by an ex car
       | thief.
       | 
       | How is this any better than a hidden killswitch under the glove
       | box or behind the gas pedal?
       | 
       | Once the attacker knows they can just short the circuit.
        
         | kodt wrote:
         | Also this does nothing to hinder armed carjacking where the car
         | is already running. These are way up since 2020.
        
       | ZiiS wrote:
       | It looks like if I connect a standard jump-pack to the starter
       | motor it bypasses this new deterrent? Given the 50 years arms
       | race leading to current immobilizers this seems a bit comical.
        
       | Waterluvian wrote:
       | I knew someone with a shitty pickup truck where he wired a light
       | switch into the fuel pump and hid it under the steering column.
       | The truck would be stolen something like 5 times a year and every
       | time he would find it abandoned a km or so away when the gas in
       | the line ran out.
       | 
       | I drove in it once to get lunch and near the beginning the car
       | begins sputtering and he's like, "oh right, you're thirsty" and
       | reached under and flicked the switch. So understated, I still
       | laugh at the memory.
        
         | gorkish wrote:
         | Our local police department had a guy get his squad car stolen
         | TWICE during traffic stops, and they installed an ignition
         | interlock switch on their entire flee to prevent it happening
         | again. Also they relegated the guy to motorcycle duty after
         | that.
         | 
         | Another story is once my friend called me for help because his
         | car would't start. I looked it over; tested his battery etc,
         | but it wouldn't turn over. I asked him if he had an interlock
         | of any sort and he said no. I didnt do any more investigating
         | since the car was still new, so I showed him how to push start
         | it and drove it over to the dealer. Come Monday morning the
         | dealer called him to ask where he had put the interlock loop
         | that he had pulled out from under the dash. "Oh that thing?
         | Yeah I thought that was weird." SMH
        
           | the__alchemist wrote:
           | Wow! Who steals a police car, and with the cop nearby? Would
           | love to hear more.
        
             | x86x87 wrote:
             | You wouldn't steal a car!
             | 
             | https://youtu.be/ALZZx1xmAzg
        
               | red-iron-pine wrote:
               | i wouldn't.
               | 
               | but i'd totally download a car
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | I'd download it, but my 3D printer doesn't have the print
               | volume to make it. :(
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | acomjean wrote:
         | My last century GTI had kill switch (it was one of those
         | circular keys and a spring loaded button) under the steering
         | wheel. The engine would turn like it was trying to start, but
         | it wouldn't unless it was unlocked. The other thing the switch
         | did which I didn't realize at first was lock the hood. I bough
         | the car used and trying to lift the hood initially I thought
         | the latch was broken..
        
         | titanomachy wrote:
         | > The truck would be stolen something like 5 times a year
         | 
         | Damn, I thought _I_ lived in a bad part of town.
        
           | Waterluvian wrote:
           | Mind you it didn't have doors that locked and you started it
           | by twisting a screwdriver.
        
         | Ancapistani wrote:
         | Super common in simple vehicles used to "run into town" in
         | rural areas. We call them "kill switches".
         | 
         | My previous vehicle was a '97 Jeep Wrangler. There were two
         | kill switches installed when I bought it: one down by the
         | driver's seatbelt latch for the fuel pump, and one reachable by
         | inserting your finger into the opening for the 4wd shifter the
         | disabled the starter. Neither was easily visible.
        
           | technothrasher wrote:
           | Yup, I put an ignition kill switch in my old Triumph Spitfire
           | behind the dashboard when I was living in a not so great part
           | of town. Just had to reach my hand up behind and flick it. I
           | didn't hide it too hard, figuring anybody that tried to drive
           | away in my Triumph and couldn't get it to start would figure
           | it was just being a typical Triumph.
        
             | firebat45 wrote:
             | Cars built with Lucas electrics typically have 3 modes of
             | operation. Off, Dim, and Flicker. Which two of the three
             | end up on your switch is entirely random.
        
               | rpcope1 wrote:
               | The only thing that Lucas built that didn't suck was a
               | vacuum cleaner.
        
               | mhandley wrote:
               | Oh yes, those of us of a certain age remember well Lucas,
               | Prince of Darkness.
        
         | pjot wrote:
         | During the summer when I was 16 I bought a pair of subwoofers
         | and promptly installed them into my mom's Honda Accord.
         | 
         | To make it so that she could drive without bumping Delilah, I
         | wired them to the defrost switch.
         | 
         | It wasn't long into winter until I was forced to take them out.
        
           | wing-_-nuts wrote:
           | My family's little econobox had a few interesting 'features':
           | 
           | The slushbox would shift into high gear and lug the engine
           | unless you drove it like you stole it. The ignition didn't
           | really _need_ the keys unless you purposefully locked the
           | steering column The exhaust split down the middle, giving the
           | car a great sporting growl, and last but my favorite, the
           | radio would often lock itself to the particular station and
           | volume you were last playing. Sorry mom, hope you like metal
           | at 11!
        
         | pavel_lishin wrote:
         | My car in high school had a similar system. The radiator fan
         | didn't turn on automatically, so my dad wired it directly into
         | the AC controller. (The AC also did not work. It was not a
         | great car.)
         | 
         | If you got in the car, and did not specifically turn the AC to
         | the correct setting, the car would overheat about a mile down
         | the road.
         | 
         | Luckily for me, I never had a chance to put this into practice,
         | because nobody stole my car. Unluckily for me, there were
         | several times where I forgot that I had to do this, and my car
         | overheated about a mile down the road.
        
           | mikestew wrote:
           | _The radiator fan didn 't turn on automatically, so my dad
           | wired it directly into the AC controller._
           | 
           | All that trouble, rather than run to NAPA to spend $12 on the
           | thermo-switch that would be easier to install than hacking
           | into the A/C controller. Yeah, I've known some dads like
           | that.
        
             | derefr wrote:
             | "Run to NAPA" in what car? Presuming the nearest auto parts
             | store is more than 10mins down the road (probably much
             | more), you won't make it there without first doing
             | _something_ hacky.
             | 
             | And then the stupid solution is already working, so...
        
           | tadfisher wrote:
           | Sounds like a recipe for blowing head gaskets!
        
             | hodgesrm wrote:
             | Or destroying the pistons. I did this once. It was a long
             | walk as in _many_ kilometers from where we broke down to
             | Mannheim train station so we could get home. Normally you
             | could hitchhike but it was late at night and for some
             | reason the locals didn 't want to pick up a couple of
             | scruffy looking American GIs.
        
           | pengaru wrote:
           | I'm the type of person who will start a cross-country road
           | trip with a nearly broken car with locking pliers and zip
           | ties in the trunk just to try create some fun adventure along
           | the way.
           | 
           | And even I wouldn't do something that stupid.
        
         | progman32 wrote:
         | In one of my old cars I reach down under the dash and partially
         | unplug the clutch switch. Prevents any starting because the car
         | thinks you've forgotten to press the clutch in. You'd need to
         | know that one connector is a bit too far out, super stealth.
        
           | tbihl wrote:
           | You had the thief at _clutch_ , of course. But I love this
           | idea.
        
         | idiotsecant wrote:
         | I did similar, except wired into the ignition circuit and with
         | the control being a little cheap ebay RFID thing with the
         | sensor on the underside of the dash. I kept a little RFID tag
         | on my keys, chuck my keys up onto the dash when i'm ready to go
         | and the truck is started with a pushbutton. I also put a
         | cheater switch in the glove box in case i forgot my RFID tags.
         | 
         | In my case it was motivated more by maintenance headache - the
         | mechanical linkage that went from the ignition switch to the
         | ignition control device at the base of the steering column was
         | busted and I was too cheap to buy another one and it was a pain
         | to replace.
         | 
         | Project trucks that nobody can drive but you are the best
         | trucks, IMO.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | I guess this works if you don't have immobilizers. In Canada
           | they're mandated, so the ECU is expecting some kind of
           | digital signal from the key before turning on (but sometimes
           | you can just shuck the rf chip inside they key and glue it in
           | the right spot, or uncode it from the ecu).
        
             | idiotsecant wrote:
             | 1996 ford pickups have about the simplest ignition wiring
             | you could possibly imagine. I wouldn't even dream of doing
             | this on anything new enough to have an immobilizer.
        
           | Karellen wrote:
           | Hey! How do you know how to do that? Nobody can start this
           | car but me, butthead!
        
             | hammock wrote:
             | Watched this movie last night :)
        
         | phendrenad2 wrote:
         | I believe this is a story told by comedian and author Adam
         | Carolla.
        
         | gadders wrote:
         | In the UK in WW2 for a period of time everyone had to disable
         | their vehicles when unattended by removing the rotor arm
         | 
         | https://www.britishpathe.com/asset/47622/
        
           | chiph wrote:
           | A local Chevy dealer once got a Silverado pickup with the 454
           | (7.5 liters) V8 in it. As an anti-theft measure, they
           | disconnected four of the spark plug wires when they parked it
           | on the lot. It got stolen anyway - it turns out that a 454
           | will still run on half it's cylinders.
        
             | jakogut wrote:
             | Seems it would be more effective to slightly disconnect the
             | coil wire, in addition to being less work to reverse.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | dtgriscom wrote:
         | I wired the cigarette lighter socket in my old MR-2 so that, if
         | the lighter wasn't pushed in, the fuel pump would work for the
         | first half mile. Then, the gas gauge would go to zero and the
         | car would stall. Bonus: I kept a second cigarette lighter in
         | the car with its heater removed, so I could leave it in the
         | socket and there's no way to disable it (unless you brought
         | your own cigarette lighter).
         | 
         | Of course, my system was just a bit flaky, and time and again
         | I'd be on the highway, desperately pumping the lighter trying
         | to keep the car going. I ended up yanking the whole shebang.
         | 
         | Same car had an alarm system, which over the years got
         | triggered several dozen times by yours truly. The one time
         | someone else triggered it by bumping my car, I came outside and
         | thanked them.
        
         | dahwolf wrote:
         | When I was younger here in the Netherlands a lot of us had
         | tweaked motorcycles/scooters that would go much faster than the
         | allowed cap of 50km/h.
         | 
         | Many had a "cop switch". Cops suspecting you messed with the
         | engine would put the scooter on a test belt to measure its
         | maximum speed. The cop switch would instantly cap it to the
         | allowed speed. Mine was hidden in the left mirror, a minor
         | adjustment would activate it.
        
           | jeremy_wiebe wrote:
           | Sounds like a VW: behaves differently under test.
        
       | rootsudo wrote:
       | 1. It's re-inventing a kill switch.
       | 
       | 2. It adds tons of uselees innovation to a kill switch.
       | 
       | 3. If your car is antique/valuable/interesting, the people
       | stealing it know the starting diagram/circuit and can easily rip
       | it out/bypass it.
       | 
       | 4. IF your car is antique/valuable/interesting you wouldn't add
       | this as it can depreciate the car value/make it more ugly. You're
       | not installing this in a brand new BMW M6, or a new Honda Civic,
       | or a E24/1980's BMW M6 or a 1990's Honda EK Civic.
       | 
       | Solutionism at it's worse. Ignores the whole idea of what a car
       | is. Ignores the innovation in Transponder tech that has been the
       | standard for a while - only Kita/Hyundai in the USA has been
       | avoiding it because if added BOM.
       | 
       | Outside the USA car thefts are not as common and in Domestic
       | Japan/India/Asia a transponder is still _pretty_ rare.
       | 
       | But back to the article - seeing this was sponsored by
       | "University of Michigan- " - WTH is going on there? That is
       | Ford/GM.
       | 
       | Ford has had PATS technology for the longest time -
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SecuriLock
       | 
       | GM has PK, same idea.
       | 
       | "Battery Sleuth bypasses both the wireless communication that key
       | fobs depend on and the standardized onboard communication network
       | that's used in today's vehicles. Instead, it authenticates
       | drivers by measuring voltage fluctuations in a vehicle's
       | electrical system. "
       | 
       | Worthless, so it knows the cars resting voltage usage (easy
       | enough) and if theres a drain, it means something is connected
       | and that it can _lock_ it up, but the same as a killswitch, it
       | can be removed or bypassed.
       | 
       | "Battery Sleuth also has defenses to guard against hacking or
       | physical attacks on the device itself, including a siren that
       | sounds if illegitimate activity is detected and a resistor that
       | shuts down the vehicle's electrical system if an unauthorized
       | power source is connected to the vehicle. "
       | 
       | Very easy to pop hood, pull siren out/disconnect. and lol
       | "resistor" means anything/nothing.
        
         | incahoots wrote:
         | I'd argue your 3rd point is more based in the reality of movies
         | that involve unique cars (Gone in 60 Seconds, etc).
         | 
         | Most unique rides are typically stolen due to owner
         | laziness(leaving keys on top of a tire, keys in the visor, left
         | running, etc.).
        
           | rootsudo wrote:
           | I disagree - many cars are kept in parking lots - especially
           | in HCOL. Access is basically whenever - if someone sees it
           | there, and not moved often and such they know they can most
           | likely attack it.
           | 
           | Stripping an security system is also doable, via the can-bus
           | attacks we see of late, but more personalized can just be to
           | replace the ECU. In many cars this can be done in less than
           | 15 minutes.
           | 
           | Car shopping as presented in gone in 60 seconds is somewht
           | common - ask people on any enthusiast forum and you'll see.
           | 
           | Miatas in Bay area, stolen for the hard top/car itself.
           | Skylines Honda Civics - just spare parts basically, though if
           | it's a mint enough model I can see people vin swap because
           | 2000's Honda S2000 - mint models reach 30K now, so it's own
           | market.
           | 
           | And that's just from what _I 've_ kept up* in.
           | 
           | Now would someone pull up to someones garage, open that, and
           | drive out? Probably not - but alot of people do drive cars to
           | a parking space for _work_ , or if they live in a condo -
           | have shared/communal parking, and such.
           | 
           | And to add an extra layer of paraonia, it is very inexpensive
           | to attach a GPS/Air tag to a car and track it - within a week
           | or two you can see a pattern of where it goes, for how long
           | and what amount of time its standby.
           | 
           | The VIN number is also viewable from the windshield, meaning
           | if the thief has any sort of connection - they could even
           | just order a replacement key thats preprogrammed with a base
           | code and potentially just turn up to the car and drive away.
           | 
           | But for opportunistic theft, yes - keys left within
           | car/visible and then stolen but there are many different type
           | of thieves for different markets. For unique/"antique" cars
           | or any cars that were in the first three gran turismo - being
           | targeted is a very big thing now in the community.
        
             | incahoots wrote:
             | Thanks for reminding me of the Miata/Civic thefts, I nearly
             | forgot how big that was in the mid 2010s. I recall so many
             | articles of that happening.
             | 
             | I was living in Miami during that time, a friend had his EK
             | hatch stolen, beautiful example too, spent a fortune on
             | that car and it showed. Of course the aftermath was the
             | same ole story of it being stripped, and cut to a near
             | nonexistent state.
             | 
             | Now thinking on this "solution" the amount of social
             | engineering that happens today will defeat this pretty
             | quickly. Most of the thefts for cars like my friends were
             | done by people who knew the owners.
        
         | rconti wrote:
         | > Outside the USA car thefts are not as common and in Domestic
         | Japan/India/Asia a transponder is still pretty rare.
         | 
         | My priors are that car theft inside the USA is fairly rare now,
         | but exceedingly common in Europe. I'm constantly hearing about
         | all kinds of sophisticated electronic attacks on vehicles
         | particularly in the UK, that are simply not an issue in the US.
        
       | gruez wrote:
       | >At the end of the three-year project, the team aims to have a
       | commercially viable prototype that can be scaled up to commercial
       | production, first as a theft deterrent device, and potentially
       | later as a complete vehicle entry and control system that could
       | replace traditional keys and fobs.
       | 
       | What's the point of this? Modern cars already have engines that
       | are cryptographically tied to keys[1]. They're not perfect, but
       | is adding a whole new rube goldberg machine into your car really
       | better than fixing the existing system?
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immobiliser
        
         | goodpoint wrote:
         | Just like the one from TFA, mass production devices are easily
         | defeated because they are all the same.
        
         | EGreg wrote:
         | So let me get this straight
         | 
         | Modern cars have engines that are cryptographically ties to
         | keys
         | 
         | But the Pentagon couldn't put biometric locks on their humvees?
         | 
         | https://www.ibtimes.co.in/isis-takes-dozens-captured-us-humv...
         | 
         | They can't account for trillions of dollars... but we vote them
         | more money they didn't even ask for
         | 
         | https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/11/us/politics/trump-budget....
         | 
         |  _"Mr. Trump's budget, the largest in federal history, includes
         | a nearly 5 percent increase in military spending -- which is
         | more than the Pentagon had asked for"_
        
           | kube-system wrote:
           | Locks are often _intentionally_ omitted from equipment in
           | environments where high availability is prioritized. They are
           | also often omitted in locations where physical security is
           | provided at a broader level.
        
             | EGreg wrote:
             | Sure, let's _intentionally omit_ locks from equipment that
             | is designed not to fall into enemy hands. Let 's not have a
             | kill switch, either. Sure, makes sense for an agency with
             | more money to spend than every corporation in America!
        
               | seabird wrote:
               | Even if you put the locks on, they would _never_ be used.
               | If you need it you need it right now, and it 's usually
               | life or death. If somebody is trying to steal it, you
               | shoot them. The last thing you want to be doing in a
               | gunfight is fucking with a lock.
        
               | EGreg wrote:
               | This is a strawman
               | 
               | All you have to do is have every soldier who is
               | authorized to use your equipment unlock the vehicle
               | through an affirmative phrase -- and the vehicle can
               | check their voice for instance, or other biometrics like
               | their fingerprint. Or each of them can wear a beacon or
               | smartphone which does that.
               | 
               | Cars today open with you just getting into the car. This
               | is easy stuff man
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | _every soldier who is authorized to use your equipment_
               | 
               | You do realize that in a war zone, that list of
               | authorized users can change rapidly (as people are
               | injured, die, or rotated out of combat)?
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | Solders in warzones frequently wear gloves, encounter
               | debris, shoot guns, or are exposed to extremely noisy
               | conditions, which would result in an inadequate signal-
               | to-noise ratio for reliably and quickly sensing
               | fingerprints and/or voices. They also tend to avoid
               | unnecessarily emitting RF which would give away their
               | position to enemy forces who have advanced signals
               | intelligence gathering.
               | 
               | Yes, it would be possible to do what you are saying.
               | However, militaries find this undesirable because they
               | find the drawbacks outweigh the benefits.
        
               | mcpackieh wrote:
               | Voice recognition under combat stress? That shit barely
               | works under optimal conditions.
        
               | EGreg wrote:
               | Not true, now it is very robust
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | It doesn't matter how robust it is, any voice recognition
               | less than 100% reliable and any more expensive than $0
               | would put your equipment at an operational disadvantage
               | when put on the battlefield against an opposing military
               | with vehicles that exhibit a 0% rate of authentication
               | failures because they lack authentication.
               | 
               | There is no realistic scenario in which a military has
               | lost physical control of the vehicle, and the situation
               | is mitigated by locks on the vehicle. It is _always_
               | already too late at that point.
        
               | mcpackieh wrote:
               | When shrapnel and bullets are flying and your nerves are
               | completely shot, your voice wavering and you're croaking
               | from smoke inhalation, do you really want to entrust your
               | life to voice recognition? Come on dude, you're being
               | absurd. We're talking about military hardware, not tech
               | gadgets for your home.
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | Or you're wearing your gas mask. Or it's cold so you're
               | wearing a balaclava.
        
               | sleepybrett wrote:
               | I'm saying what everyone else is trying to tell you 'you
               | have no fucking idea what you are talking about, you are
               | trying to solve a problem that does not need to be
               | solved, that no one has a desire to solve and is in fact
               | not even a problem'.
        
               | elzbardico wrote:
               | If the enemy gets physical access to the vehicle that
               | you're going to use to escape, you're already toasted.
               | 
               | And on the other hand, if you are ambushed, you don't
               | want you and your unit to die because the soldier who had
               | the keys just got fragged by the enemy and now you can't
               | escape.
        
               | Terr_ wrote:
               | > Sure, let's intentionally omit locks from equipment
               | that is designed not to fall into enemy hands.
               | 
               | Slow down there with the sarcasm and think about the
               | actual requirements or use-cases first. Your average
               | operable military vehicle is in one of three situations:
               | 
               | 1. Actively occupied or guarded from theft by current
               | owners/operators with guns who will not tolerate
               | strangers getting close.
               | 
               | 2. Parked somewhere in the middle of a whole bunch of
               | people who are generally guarding the whole area, and
               | those people may need to be able to operate it very
               | quickly.
               | 
               | 3. In some long-term storage which is well-fenced, under
               | surveillance, guarded by people with guns, and typically
               | very far from both overt enemies and opportunistic
               | thieves.
               | 
               | So there's already an access control system tuned to a
               | particular set of needs... and one of those needs
               | includes "using it to escape from something dangerous
               | even if the prior-driver and everything in their pockets
               | got vaporized."
        
               | EGreg wrote:
               | How many tanks and materiel did Ukrainians take from the
               | Russians? On October 2022 it was an estimated 453 Russian
               | tanks. I guess 1, 2, 3 don't work that well in battle
               | 
               | https://www.newsweek.com/how-russian-tanks-captured-
               | ukraine-...
               | 
               | Also for other things too:
               | 
               | https://nypost.com/2023/05/11/ukrainians-strike-russians-
               | wit...
        
               | Terr_ wrote:
               | _So what?_ None of that wall-spaghetti supports an
               | argument for keyed ignition locks as the solution. It 's
               | not like those Russian troops had just stepped away to
               | get coffee.
               | 
               | If anything, it suggests other things like:
               | 
               | 1. Russia shouldn't have tried a desperate blitzkreig
               | through muddy terrain.
               | 
               | 2. The Russian military should have had better
               | policies/equipment to _destroy or scuttle_ the
               | ofabandoned tanks.
               | 
               | 3. Russian tank-drivers should have had better training
               | so that they didn't get their vehicles stuck in
               | embarrassing ways.
               | 
               | Plus it's not like the opposing force will be a bunch of
               | joyriding delinquents: Even if you completely remove your
               | abandoned truck's steering-wheel and pedals, your way
               | out, they've got mechanics and tools and factories, they
               | can just fit their own. Truly denying them any valuable
               | salvage is actually a lot of work/damage.
        
               | sleepybrett wrote:
               | No fucking key is going to stop them from finding that
               | tank in a field, towing it back to a farm behind friendly
               | lines, and bypassing the fucking lock using a fucking
               | hammer or a soldering iron.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | Are you suggesting that locks would have prevented this?
        
               | EGreg wrote:
               | Certainly kill switches would
               | 
               | Every TV show has a self destruct mechanism to prevent a
               | ship from falling into enemy hands and blabla etc
        
               | somerandomqaguy wrote:
               | So... you're basing your opinion about machines used by
               | soldiers in combat.... on fictional television shows?
               | 
               | Just a question, have you ever worked with soldiers
               | before?
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | An opposing military capable of leading the Russian
               | military to abandon their tanks would also have the
               | capability of defeating a kill switch once they have
               | unhindered physical access to it.
               | 
               | Scuttling has been a common military practice, for
               | literally millennia. This practice is unrelated to the
               | presence of any locks on the vehicle. Militaries are
               | equipped with explosives and weapons and can perform
               | these actions without them being built into the vehicle.
               | The reason this did not happen is not due to the
               | construction of their vehicles, it is because they did
               | not take action to do so.
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scuttling
               | 
               | The automated self-destruct countdowns you have seen in
               | movies and TV shows are used for dramatic effect. In
               | reality, it is cheaper, more reliable, and safer to
               | scuttle a manned vehicle manually.
        
               | habinero wrote:
               | My guy, I believe the enemy already knows about our WWII-
               | era "large truck" technology. It's fine.
               | 
               | You don't want either of those things in a widely used
               | military vehicle. Soldiers do not need to die because
               | they're fumbling and dropping keys under fire. They also
               | don't need their truck dying in the middle of a maneuver
               | because the kill switch accidentally went off.
               | 
               | Also, in war, trucks will be getting destroyed left and
               | right. It'll literally be a rounding error.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | Yes, it does make sense that the DoD is more concerned
               | about their own soldiers' lives than whether or not the
               | Iraqi military has their vehicles stolen from them. These
               | vehicles were already given away, adding some stupid
               | biometric system would increase _both_ the price of the
               | vehicles and the number of lives lost due to failures.
               | Throwing technology at problems is not always a solution.
               | The vehicles typically have better security than a lock
               | anyway, they 're occupied or guarded by soldiers with
               | guns.
               | 
               | You might be familiar with locks on vehicles due to your
               | own experiences, but deterrence to unoccupied theft is a
               | requirement that is somewhat unique to civilian passenger
               | vehicles. It is completely normal for many other types of
               | vehicles to have very minimal or zero theft mitigations
               | due to operating in different conditions with different
               | requirements. For example, multi-million dollar jets have
               | no anti-theft systems at all.
        
           | velosol wrote:
           | What a nightmare that would be: wearing gloves, fast entry
           | and exit, injury/swapping drivers, sand.
           | 
           | Also those were Humvees taken from Iraqi personnel.
        
             | elzbardico wrote:
             | Or: "Our unit was ambushed while setting up camp. We could
             | all have escaped alive in our truck, if not for the fact
             | that the first of us killed by the enemy was Private Jeane,
             | and she was the one with the keys."
        
           | Eisenstein wrote:
           | Let me get this straight -- there is graft, waste, and
           | incompetence in the defense industry??
        
             | galaxyLogic wrote:
             | The men in power always abuse that power, more or less.
             | 
             | We need oversight but politicians are not very interested
             | in doing oversight because corporations use their money as
             | free speech helping their favorite politicians get re-
             | elected, because of the Supreme Court decision that allows
             | that to happen.
             | 
             | So we need a more informed population to stop corruption
             | from happening, but some politicians don't like the idea
             | that people should be able to read whatever books they
             | want.
        
             | alistairSH wrote:
             | That's probably true, but tangential to the absurd point
             | made above.
             | 
             | There is almost zero reason to include robust locks or
             | immobilizers on military vehicles. They're either occupied
             | by soldiers with guns. Or in a locked facility, guarded by
             | soldiers with guns. Or abandoned on the battlefield (in
             | which case, they should be scuttled, but shit happens and
             | sometimes you need to GTFO ASAP).
        
           | sleepybrett wrote:
           | Even if you put this device in a car or a biometric device in
           | a car or even a normal keyed system. An enemy who has
           | possession of that car for more than a few hours can easily
           | bypass most locking devices.
           | 
           | This one is nothing more than a relay on the battery line.
           | Simply find the relay and bridge it. Problem solved. Might
           | take you a few hours to dig under the dash to find the damn
           | thing, but once you do 'problem fucking solved'.
        
           | alistairSH wrote:
           | _But the Pentagon couldn't put biometric locks on their
           | humvees?_
           | 
           | The tanks that were stolen belonged to the Iraqi armed
           | forces, not the US Army.
        
         | oxfordmale wrote:
         | What about a classical mechanical key? I am referring to a
         | laser cut key, the type that can't be easily lock picked, other
         | than in Hollywood movies.
         | 
         | The problem is relay theft, where thief's relay the signal of
         | your fob key inside the house to the car via a simple antenna
         | and amplifier system. Cryptographically signing won't help.
         | 
         | However, this can be fixed by adding a motion sensor that makes
         | key fobs go into a sleep mode when they have been inactive for
         | a minute. Upmarket car manufacturers like Mercedes have started
         | to add this. The only reason this is not yet widespread as
         | increased car theft is good for car manufacturers.
         | 
         | Keyless cars top the list for most stolen cars across the UK,
         | with around 93% of all stolen vehicles in 2020 being taken
         | without vehicle keys. Addressing this stupidity would be the
         | first step. It is like projecting your bank account details and
         | security details on the facade of your building, and then being
         | surprised your bank account is drained.
        
           | scintill76 wrote:
           | > However, this can be fixed by adding a motion sensor that
           | makes key fobs go into a sleep mode when they have been
           | inactive for a minute.
           | 
           | Now I'm wondering how hard it would be for the thieves to
           | shake the ground outside the house enough to fool the motion
           | sensor...
        
             | oxfordmale wrote:
             | Most thieves try to be quiet to avoid detection. However,
             | one should be open minded to new technologies, and the use
             | of a loud jackhammer on the drive way sound like an
             | excellent solution to this problem.
        
           | boobsbr wrote:
           | Why not put a button on the fob, like old car alarms had? Car
           | won't start unless button is pressed on the fob, enabling the
           | embedded radio.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | > What about a classical mechanical key?
           | 
           | can be picked
           | 
           | >The problem is relay theft, where thief's relay the signal
           | of your fob key inside the house to the car via a simple
           | antenna and amplifier system. Cryptographical signing won't
           | help.
           | 
           | AFAIK the attack you describe only applies to keyless entry
           | systems (ie. you can open and start a car without having to
           | pull your key out), which is related but not the same as an
           | immobilizer. Transponder keys without keyless entry systems
           | still exist on today's models, and is the default on most
           | cars unless you opt for an upgrade.
           | 
           | >However, this can be fixed by adding a motion sensor that
           | makes key fobs go into a sleep mode when they have been
           | inactive for a minute.
           | 
           | That helps against someone cloning your key while you're at
           | your desk, but it seems way easier to clone the key while the
           | driver is walking away from the car? That way you know which
           | car to steal and don't have to follow the victim into the
           | building, which might be secured (eg. office building with
           | badge system). Measuring RTT time and/or trilateration
           | (multiple antennas inside car) should be much more reliable.
        
             | rocqua wrote:
             | The modern versions of these keys cannot be cloned, they
             | are challenge response. So you need to relay the challenge
             | from the key, and then relay the response from the key back
             | to the car.
             | 
             | This is often used by thiefs who bring the relay close to
             | the front door, hoping for the keys to be in a bowl or a
             | hook near the door. Then they can open and start the car
             | using the relay. The car then won't turn off when it loses
             | connection to the key (because that is dangerous) which
             | allows stealing of the car.
             | 
             | There are cases where this was done over much larger
             | distance, but those attacks are more easily defeated by
             | having tighter tollerances on the latency of the reply. The
             | latency tollerance does not do much for the 'keys near the
             | front-door' attack, which is what the 'stationary keys do
             | not reply' solution is aimed at.
        
               | dcow wrote:
               | > (because that is dangerous)
               | 
               | I've always wondered why the car doesn't warn the driver
               | that there's 100 yards left before it will cut the engine
               | (or limit it to idle), keep the power steering, turn on
               | the hazards, and warn the driver that the vehicle won't
               | continue to function because the key is not in range.
               | Doesn't seem dangerous at all...
        
               | hdctambien wrote:
               | I dropped my wife off downtown in her car and she had the
               | key in her purse. The car did make a weird beeping noise
               | as I drove away, but I had no idea what it meant and I
               | was pulling onto the highway which would have been a bad
               | time for the car to stop driving on me.
        
               | genocidicbunny wrote:
               | That's still dangerous, and it doesn't matter how far out
               | you warn the driver. The moment the car cuts to idle, the
               | driver will lose some control. Imagine this happens while
               | you're in less-than-ideal road conditions and you need to
               | be able to accelerate. And there are a lot of reasons
               | that the key might lose connection to the car other than
               | the 'not present inside the car' case, like for example,
               | the keyfobs battery running out, or the driver dropping
               | their keys into some kind of shielded bag (my car for
               | example has problems sensing the key when it's in an
               | insulated shopping bag that I have).
               | 
               | I think at most you could do something like have the car
               | go into 'limp home' mode if it senses the key was never
               | present in the car for some amount of time after the car
               | is started.
        
               | fragmede wrote:
               | > The modern versions of these keys cannot be cloned
               | 
               | The persistent rumor, of course, is that this has been
               | cracked for specific models from specific manufacturers,
               | with the help of someone at the dealership, maybe someone
               | who owes large amounts of drug or gambling money to local
               | criminal syndicate types. "All" you'd need to do then is
               | use a valid challenge response pairs off as a
               | cryptographic oracle to brute force the challenge-
               | response algorithm and recover the seed value computation
               | algorithm for the key and the car. Then "all" you need to
               | do is record a challenge-response pair from the real key
               | talking to the vehicle, and maybe the VIN, in order to
               | duplicate the key, in order to steal the vehicle.
               | 
               | If this _has_ been been done, the algorithm and seed-
               | value recovery technique have not been publicly shared
               | over the Internet, so it 's only a rumor that it's been
               | done, but given how high-tech thieves are these days, I
               | don't consider it outside the realm of possibility.
               | 
               | What _isn 't_ outside the realm of possibility is the
               | Rolling-PWN attack, which can be done with a $32 device
               | and has been demonstrated against 10 years of Honda
               | vehicles, up to 2022.
               | 
               | https://rollingpwn.github.io/rolling-pwn/
        
               | nomel wrote:
               | That's the wireless implementation.
               | 
               | I've had cars with chips, with contacts, in the
               | mechanical keys [1].
               | 
               | Seems like one solution is to go back to the good old
               | days of physical intent.
               | 
               | [1] One implementation: https://www.uhs-
               | hardware.com/cdn/shop/products/df4ddf21436c4...
        
             | oxfordmale wrote:
             | Picking a laser cut key isn't trivial. Even picking a
             | standard house lock isn't trivial, especially not in the
             | dark.
             | 
             | They don't clone the key, they use an antenna to amplify
             | the signal from your key fob and then drive off. In
             | principle you can do this by following someone, but much
             | safer to do this at 2am at night. Similar to a one time
             | password, the signal is only valid for a short period of
             | time.
        
               | sleepybrett wrote:
               | Darkness doesn't have anything to do with anything. Once
               | you get the tensioner and pick into the keyway you aren't
               | using your eyes anymore, at that point it's all feel.
        
               | oxfordmale wrote:
               | If you are that good a lock pick, you are better off as a
               | locksmith. In real life the people send out to steal the
               | car aren't the most talented and brightest, otherwise
               | they would be running the operation safely from an office
               | somewhere.
        
               | sleepybrett wrote:
               | I spent maybe 2 hours with my first set of picks to
               | unlock my first shitty masterlock padlock. An hour later
               | I was through my front door deadbolt. It's not a hard
               | skill to learn, especially when it comes to typical
               | american door locks (pin tumbler). But this is all non-
               | destructive. I used to keep a set of picks in my desk
               | specifically to open up people personal rolling underdesk
               | drawers/file cabinets, when they lost or forgot their
               | keys.
               | 
               | My understanding that your average ignition is a little
               | more complicated (or at least different .. wafer locks)
               | circa 70s-90s and then they started adding radios and
               | other things into the mix. I dunno, I've never tried to
               | pick one of these.
               | 
               | Destructively bypassing your average old-school ignition
               | is still something you can do blindly with a bent
               | flathead screwdriver and some elbow grease in about 15
               | seconds flat. As is destructively bypassing any given
               | door lock.. well not bypassing the lockper se, but
               | instead the bolt/doorframe generally.
        
               | mdorazio wrote:
               | Bypassing the door locks is not as difficult as you think
               | with the proper tools. See:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vLy65ASXuEQ
               | 
               | Standard house locks don't require picking at all - you
               | can bump them in a few seconds in any light conditions.
        
           | LadyCailin wrote:
           | > The only reason this is not yet widespread as increased car
           | theft is good for car manufacturers.
           | 
           | Not if your brand is one of the ones known to be easy to
           | steal. I doubt I'd buy a Hyundai in the future given my
           | understanding of their reputation as easy targets.
        
           | IshKebab wrote:
           | I don't know if that completely solves it. People keep keys
           | in pockets.
           | 
           | The full fix is time of flight measurement but as I
           | understand it that's still beyond cheap electronics.
           | 
           | Or just.. you know press a button when you want to unlock
           | your car.
        
           | IanCal wrote:
           | This is two factor auth but when the "thing you own" is the
           | standard case.
           | 
           | I don't get why it's not a keypad and relay though. Sounds
           | like a complex solution to a fairly simple problem. I might
           | be missing something though.
           | 
           | Edit - ah it's intended to work with many other options like
           | controlling indicators or wipers or something - so you choose
           | some pattern that is your password.
        
             | bscphil wrote:
             | > it's intended to work with many other options like
             | controlling indicators or wipers
             | 
             | I think you're asking exactly the right question though -
             | how is all this not just a more complex, less secure,
             | shittier version of a keypad that you enter a 4-6 digit
             | code on?
        
           | thomastjeffery wrote:
           | Doesn't the system already check the latency from key fob to
           | car antenna? Better yet, you could use two antennas in the
           | car, and triangulate the key fob.
        
             | rocqua wrote:
             | The latency check is usually not sensitive enough to
             | prevent a car being stolen from the drive-way from a
             | relayed key that lies near the front door.
             | 
             | For reference 20 meters is about 66 nano-seconds.
        
               | sebk wrote:
               | UWB is augmenting Bluetooth for car keys solving this
               | exact issue; The Car Connectivity Consortium came up with
               | the Digital Key 3.0 standard that's available today, as
               | implemented by some makes like BMW and the Hyundai/Kia
               | group and Apple, and resists relay and replay attacks
               | through precise ranging.
        
               | gsich wrote:
               | So, solvable?
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | Why not? A 2GHz is very attainable in modern CPUs and
               | translates to 0.0005ns per cycle. This isn't theoretical
               | either. 802.11mc[1] is a real standard and is accurate to
               | 1-2m.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11mc
        
               | hanche wrote:
               | Aren't you off by three orders of magnitude? 2GHz
               | translates to 0.5ns per cycle. Or perhaps you meant to
               | write ms.
        
         | screamingninja wrote:
         | Exactly. What's even worse is that it takes a huge research
         | grant to come up with this.
         | 
         | > With a new $1.2 million dollar grant from the National
         | Science Foundation...
        
           | hospitalJail wrote:
           | The more politics I see, the more its just grifting.
        
           | fnimick wrote:
           | That amount of money is absolutely nothing compared to the
           | waste that goes on in the startup industry. Remember the $445
           | million self driving pizza oven delivery van?
        
             | henryfjordan wrote:
             | If you could get that robot-cooks-as-you-drive idea right,
             | even without the self-driving bit, you can out-compete
             | Dominos by saving half the trips (back to store from
             | delivery address).
             | 
             | The technology was immature but the fundamentals were
             | there, and they'd save a not-insignificant amount of gas.
        
               | Eisenstein wrote:
               | > they'd save a not-insignificant amount of gas
               | 
               | I wonder the efficiencies of cooking in a vehicle as
               | opposed to a fixed pizza oven.
        
               | henryfjordan wrote:
               | It all comes down to insulation I'd assume
        
               | Brusco_RF wrote:
               | It will necessarily be worse than the fixed oven.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | tetraca wrote:
               | That's easy. Put it on treads, and add a tree
               | cutter/stripper, and a hopper, so that it can pick up all
               | the fuel it needs to wood-fire the pizza off the side of
               | the road before it goes to the next destination.
        
               | Eisenstein wrote:
               | Vertical integration. Great idea. It could also have a
               | grain mill so it can stop by some wheat fields and make
               | its own flour.
        
               | tgv wrote:
               | I really can't imagine that. So you save some driver
               | time. They're usually idle before delivery already,
               | there's no driver shortage, and drivers/delivery isn't
               | expensive. So there's only a small amount to undercut.
               | For the profit to become interesting, you'd need a
               | massive volume, but then you'd be forced to maintain a
               | large fleet of mobile ovens. There's no automated
               | driving, so you'd need drivers anyway. You'd have to pay
               | everything from their idle return time, including the
               | increased energy consumption.
               | 
               | Back-of-the-napkin says no.
        
               | henryfjordan wrote:
               | The fact that Dominos practically begs people to come in
               | and pick up their pizzas themselves undercuts your
               | arguments about driver idle time. Maybe in your market
               | they sit idle, but in mine I'd imagine they are spending
               | 90%+ of their time fulfilling orders. My orders often
               | spend 10min in the "Quality Check" state (waiting for a
               | driver under a heat lamp).
               | 
               | Automated driving is orthogonal to the bake-as-you-drive
               | model. Dominos will also switch to self-driving when they
               | can.
               | 
               | The cost of owning 10 oven-vans vs 1 store + 10 regular
               | cars will be the tough part and will require scale, but
               | pizza is big business.
        
             | barbazoo wrote:
             | > Remember the $445 million self driving pizza oven
             | delivery van?
             | 
             | What I find hilarious about our industry is that this could
             | be completely made up ... or not.
        
               | bookofjoe wrote:
               | >Pizza robot truck startup Stellar snags $16.5M from
               | Jay-Z
               | 
               | https://www.restaurantdive.com/news/Stellar-pizza-robot-
               | truc...
               | 
               | >Stellar, which was founded by former SpaceX employees in
               | 2019, uses a robot to cook mobile ordered pizzas which
               | are then delivered by the truck driver.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | That's nowhere near the $445M claimed though. Crunchbase
               | lists them as having only having raised $25.5M. The $445M
               | if real, must be the valuation.
               | 
               | https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/steller-pizza
               | 
               | edit: looks I'm looking at the wrong company, see replies
               | for details
        
               | bookofjoe wrote:
               | Also, the vehicles have a human driver rather than being
               | self-driving.
        
               | retzkek wrote:
               | The $445M figure is for _another_ mobile pizza startup,
               | Zume.
               | 
               | https://www.axios.com/2023/06/12/softbank-pizza-robot-
               | shuts-...
               | 
               | Discussed last month:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36293636
        
             | bbarnett wrote:
             | Wait... so the pizza would be delivered, fresh from the
             | oven?? Is... do you know ... are they taking investors?
        
               | jrockway wrote:
               | Yeah, that startup doesn't sound terrible to me. Like the
               | other comments say, it's a multi-billion dollar industry.
               | If you cook the pizza while you're driving it to the
               | destination, then you change the time 15 minutes cooking
               | + 15 minutes driving to just 15 minutes cooking and
               | driving. Twice as fast.
               | 
               | But of course, you could offer the same latency by having
               | a non-customizable menu and having pizzas ready to go
               | when they're ordered. If it's 6:30PM on a Friday night,
               | odds are someone wants the Pepperoni pizza that just came
               | out of the oven. No fancy hardware required. The pizza is
               | technically less fresh, but are minutes of freshness
               | worth millions in VC? I don't know.
        
             | s1artibartfast wrote:
             | People get irate about government spending here's a big
             | difference between someone wasting your money and someone
             | wasting their own money.
        
             | mcpackieh wrote:
             | How could one justify the other? Justifying waste by
             | pointing to more waste is insane.
        
             | ilyt wrote:
             | whataboutism
        
             | Nextgrid wrote:
             | Startup waste is generally funded from investors though.
             | This seems like it might be funded by government grants
             | which are funded by taxes.
        
               | COGlory wrote:
               | Investors using 0% interest loans funded by taxpayers.
        
               | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
               | I've noticed 10-15 years of almost no innovation, but a
               | ton of wealth transfer... but the FED still says ZIRP was
               | a good idea.
        
               | ke88y wrote:
               | _> almost no innovation_
               | 
               | The last 15 yrs in Biotech (esp genetics) and ML were
               | more exciting than the previous 50.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | Are you referring to quantitative easing/ZIRP or specific
               | government programs that give favorable loans to specific
               | industries?
        
               | COGlory wrote:
               | QE
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | The Fed is the cause of QE/ZIRP, but it's not "funded by
               | taxpayers" in any meaningful sense. The mechanism by
               | which QE is done is that the fed prints money and uses it
               | to buy government bonds and other assets, which pushes
               | bond prices up, and consequently yields (and therefore
               | interest rates) down. All of this doesn't cost the fed
               | anything. The money is printed by them, after all. It's
               | not like they're borrowing money from some other bank at
               | 2%, and then distributing to the wider economy at 0%.
        
               | COGlory wrote:
               | 100% of the direct monetary cost of QE is borne by the
               | American people.
        
             | calderwoodra wrote:
             | Domino's has a near $14B market cap. Disrupting pizza
             | delivery is a worthwhile venture!
        
             | alphazard wrote:
             | The "waste" in the startup industry has corrective
             | mechanisms built in. Investors can pull their money out and
             | take their business elsewhere.
             | 
             | Taxpayers cannot pull their money out of the NSF and
             | reallocate it to a different government agency.
        
               | janalsncm wrote:
               | Sure. In theory, investors can behave as rational actors.
               | In practice, you get all sorts of chasing the Next Big
               | Thing because there's too much money flowing around to
               | too little fundamental research.
               | 
               | So I'm ok if we spend $1.2M on research. That's like 5
               | developers for one year who would otherwise be allocated
               | by _the invisible hand_ into effectively useless
               | endeavors like high frequency trading or ad tech.
               | 
               |  _Cut to the alternative universe where they're working
               | at Blackrock and a car thief is driving their car away._
        
               | boobsbr wrote:
               | > So I'm ok if we spend $1.2M on research.
               | 
               | I'm not. Where do I opt out of funding government grants?
               | 
               | At least I can decide not invest in something if I don't
               | want to risk losing money.
        
               | fnimick wrote:
               | You don't get to, because you don't get to opt out of the
               | social benefit that they result in.
               | 
               | (remember that government spending basically created
               | transistorized logic, microchips, and computer networking
               | as we know them today. would you have opted out of those
               | too?)
        
               | tstrimple wrote:
               | You can opt out here:
               | https://www.irs.gov/individuals/international-
               | taxpayers/expa...
        
               | dralley wrote:
               | Government funded research gave us computers, the
               | internet, EUV technology, GPS, lasers, and all sorts of
               | other shit.
               | 
               | If you're on HN in the first place, there is an
               | approximately zero percent chance that the few dollars of
               | your tax money spent on this kind of research hold a
               | candle to the benefits you've gained from it.
        
         | pavel_lishin wrote:
         | Wasn't there a rash of thefts of Kia and Hyundai cars recently?
        
           | mrexroad wrote:
           | Yeah, they're targeted specially because they do not have
           | immobilizes.
        
           | dharmab wrote:
           | Because Kia tried to save money by removing said security
           | systems from base models.
        
           | commandar wrote:
           | That was because the base model of those vehicles didn't have
           | an immobilizer like every other car on the market as a cost
           | cutting measure. They also have ignition switches that are
           | relatively trivial to bypass.
           | 
           | It's possible that some other manufacturer may try it again
           | in the future, but the hit to Hyundai/Kia's reputation has
           | been substantial.
        
         | dharmab wrote:
         | This would be nice to retrofit onto my old Honda, which has an
         | easily exploited flaw in its rolling code system.
         | 
         | Modern cars also have new vulnerabilities:
         | https://www.wired.com/2015/07/hackers-remotely-kill-jeep-hig...
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | > This would be nice to retrofit onto my old Honda, which has
           | an easily exploited flaw in its rolling code system.
           | 
           | There are aftermarket immobilizers systems as well, that also
           | use cryptographically bound keys.
           | 
           | > Modern cars also have new vulnerabilities:
           | https://www.wired.com/2015/07/hackers-remotely-kill-jeep-
           | hig...
           | 
           | If car manufacturers can fuck up implementing today's
           | immobilizer systems, what makes you think they won't fuck up
           | implementing the rube goldberg contraption? Why do we have to
           | switch to it just to get a non-broken cryptographic
           | implementation?
        
       | myself248 wrote:
       | The problem with security by obscurity is that as soon as it's
       | widely used, the crooks learn to bypass it. It's literally a
       | relay in the starter wire, all you gotta do is hotwire the
       | starter and you're back to the status quo.
       | 
       | A whole lot of people have these on their own cars, any DIYer can
       | do it in an hour or two. I may or may not have one on mine. But
       | the "security" comes from there being no standard location for
       | any of the components.
        
         | drdaeman wrote:
         | Looking at the prototype photo, it seems trivial to open the
         | hood and remove the whole thing in a minute or so. Unless the
         | plan is to have it somewhere way down there, and not simply
         | sitting on top of the positive terminal.
         | 
         | The video says "alarms sound the when authenticator is
         | removed", but that's a gimmick. They should be entirely
         | disconnecting the whole negative terminal (duh), not just the
         | wire to the device, leaving the whole car without power until
         | the positive terminal is freed.
         | 
         | And if anyone bothers to ask what the thief is doing, they have
         | a 100% plausible reply "got a parasitic drain, so I've put a
         | cheap relay and now this crap is failing on me".
        
       | karmakaze wrote:
       | > They might perform some combination of flicking the windshield
       | wipers, turn signal or headlights on and off, or locking and
       | unlocking the doors.
       | 
       | I'm just imagining having this technology become ubiquitous, then
       | using it without knowledge of how it works. We end up with magic
       | incantations that a general population does without reason.
       | People already do so many things on their computers etc because
       | that's how they learned it the first time--whether or not the
       | specifics of their actions are relevant.
        
       | dboreham wrote:
       | This seems to be the automotive version of port knocking, but
       | deployed in an environment where the attacker has the equivalent
       | of physical access to your server.
        
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