[HN Gopher] The deindustrialization of Germany
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The deindustrialization of Germany
        
       Author : flashfaffe2
       Score  : 70 points
       Date   : 2023-07-14 17:02 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.politico.eu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.politico.eu)
        
       | aktenlage wrote:
       | Keep in mind that politico is a subsidiary of Axel Springer,
       | which is largely controlled by a man that has recently been
       | exposed to have actively ordered chief editors write in support
       | of the party of economic liberalism (FDP) before the last
       | election in Germany. I.e. it is entirely possible that this
       | article is also politically motivated.
        
         | alephnerd wrote:
         | I keep seeing people saying this about Politico and it's total
         | FUD. I have friends who work there and it's pretty firewalled
         | from Axel Springer. This conspiracy theory for the Politico
         | portion seems to have started in r/Europe and r/WorldNews a
         | couple months ago and kept getting repeated since.
        
         | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
         | If you are reading any news site about it - it's political to
         | someone.
        
       | whinvik wrote:
       | > Nearly 20 years ago, Germany overcame its reputation as the
       | "sick man of Europe" with a package of ambitious labor market
       | reforms
       | 
       | Does anyone know what those were?
        
         | Dunedan wrote:
         | That's a reference to the so-called "Agenda 2010":
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agenda_2010
        
         | nieksand wrote:
         | https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2015/wp15162.pdf
         | 
         | "In 2003-05, Germany undertook extensive labor market reforms
         | which were followed by a large and persistent decline in
         | unemployment. Key elements of the reforms were a drastic cut in
         | benefits for the long-term unemployed and tighter job search
         | and acceptance obligations."
        
           | ahartmetz wrote:
           | Also working poor.
        
         | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
         | The Hartz reforms are fairly famous, yes. It's mostly social
         | dumping. Forced contraction of actual wages through reform of
         | the benefits plans.
         | 
         | It's important to note that they are overall poor reforms and
         | should have been nullified by the German money value shifting
         | due to the knock off effect on the saving rate. This didn't
         | happen because they were put in place at the same time as the
         | Euro and the overall imbalance in the union allowed Germany to
         | keep an undervalued currency. In effect, Germany robbed all the
         | poorer members of the union to prop up its own economy
         | something it has kept doing since.
        
           | lo_zamoyski wrote:
           | > In effect, Germany robbed all the poorer members of the
           | union to prop up its own economy something it has kept doing
           | since.
           | 
           | Those who like to bully the poorer members of the Union on
           | the grounds that they're being bankrolled by the the
           | wealthier states would be wise to take note of this, and take
           | a more intelligent and informed view of EU "subsidies". The
           | idea that the wealthier member states are showering these
           | countries with funds out of the disinterested goodness of
           | their hearts is not only ignorant of how these cash flows
           | actually work in the grander scheme of the movement of money,
           | but also preposterously naive.
           | 
           | The power balance is shifting in Europe against this crypto-
           | germanocentrism, however.
        
             | imtringued wrote:
             | This sentiment is so common in Germany. Everyone blames the
             | European "south" for Germany's problems as if Germany was
             | some sort of hero doing all the work.
             | 
             | The Greek economic crisis is a classic example. German
             | banks mess up when they lend too much money to Greece,
             | Germany does a bailout for "Greece", the money actually
             | goes back to German banks. Then people have this perception
             | as if they somehow paid for all the social services bought
             | with the borrowed money. No, Greece is still in debt. You
             | might complain about forgone interest but that is on the
             | lender, who is not doing his job properly.
        
               | pohuing wrote:
               | Let's not absolve Greece of fault. They massively lied on
               | their data to join the euro with a financial situation
               | that was obviously not going to work in the long run. No
               | way would Greece have gotten as much money in the 00s had
               | they published their real data.
               | 
               | That said, the German opinion on Greece was(is?) pretty
               | fucked yeah. Especially if you look at how often we
               | ignore the situation for the average Greek in these
               | discussions. A shitload of medically necessary operations
               | were cancelled in the downsizing of the Greek state, even
               | the democratic nature of the state itself was seized by
               | the troika.
        
               | adasdasdas wrote:
               | Why are you only talking about the lender's fault when it
               | comes to bad loans.
        
               | rfrey wrote:
               | Because assessing and assuming risk is literally their
               | entire reason to exist.
        
               | adasdasdas wrote:
               | Why doesn't the borrower assume responsibility for taking
               | risky loans?
        
               | depr wrote:
               | Loan me 100k and find out
        
               | shakow wrote:
               | Because that's literally the job of the lenders.
        
               | choeger wrote:
               | It's important to note the other side of the medal:
               | Today's inflation is to a large degree caused by the
               | expansionist money policy that was necessary to prevent a
               | Greece financial collapse (which would have undermined
               | the Euro as a whole). Greece financial problems were, at
               | least to a significant degree, caused by debt-financed
               | social expenses that are unheard of in Germany. So the
               | conclusion that German workers are financing Greek's
               | early retirements is not completely bullocks.
               | 
               | It's very important to understand that Greek's government
               | also played the "Germany is at fault" or "Germany has to
               | pay" card very effectively, when Germany's government
               | played the "Lazy Greeks" card to justify their own fiscal
               | policy.
        
               | patmorgan23 wrote:
               | And Greece never really got a bail out, all they were
               | ever offered were just bigger and bigger loans. (with
               | austerity measures attached that pushed down demand, when
               | lowered revenues, that made it harder to pay the loans)
        
           | oezi wrote:
           | Why should the reforms be nullified by a change in saving
           | rates?
           | 
           | Hartz IV reforms pushed unemployed people back to work by
           | reducing long term unemployment benefits to 400 EUR + rent.
           | This certainly reduced purchasing power first (by reducing
           | available money) but also quickly freed up social spending as
           | employment rates soared.
        
         | imtringued wrote:
         | The strategy Germany is following is to cut unit labor costs
         | below Greece aka Germany is competing on price with Eastern
         | European countries. This may get you the "Exportweltmeister"
         | trophy but is is just that, a trophy. It doesn't actually
         | benefit you that much.
        
       | fwungy wrote:
       | It's all so tiresome.
        
       | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
       | And obviously the reason is the lack of labour reform and not the
       | billions in handouts currently given by the US and China which
       | the EU refuses to match because of its brain dead insistence on
       | undistorted markets and fiscal rigour. Ah Politico, such well
       | researched and reasonable journalism, it warms my heart...
        
         | sauercrowd wrote:
         | what are you referring to with "billions of handouts"?
        
           | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
           | The Inflation Reduction Act in the USA and the equivalent
           | measures which have been taken in China but don't have a
           | catchy name. Both countries are currently giving subsidies to
           | companies at an unprecedented rate.
        
             | api wrote:
             | There used to be a lot of opposition to these kinds of
             | subsidies in the US until China started absolutely kicking
             | America's ass because they subsidize their industries.
             | 
             | Private enterprise really can't compete with governments,
             | and even less so against governments with their own
             | sovereign currencies and the ability to subsidize forever.
        
         | ROTMetro wrote:
         | Is this the same Germany that last I know allowed bribes and
         | kickbacks on international sales to be tax deductible? We lost
         | so many contracts because the things the Germans did were
         | illegal for a USA company.
         | 
         | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/1995-08-06/germany-w...
         | 
         | I have the typical American of German descent hate for Germany
         | because they threw my family away but now are open for everyone
         | else to come live there (making it a huge 'fuck you and your
         | family specifically love Germany'), but also how truly horrible
         | they behave when it comes to business.
        
         | amadeuspagel wrote:
         | Why aren't other EU countries facing the same problems? Also,
         | from the article:
         | 
         | > BASF opened a plant near Dresden that makes cathode materials
         | for electric-car batteries just two weeks ago and has pledged
         | to keep investing in its home market. To secure such
         | commitments, however, local and federal governments have been
         | forced to offer generous incentives. BASF will receive EUR175
         | million in government support for its new battery operation,
         | for example.
         | 
         | > Similarly, in June, the U.S. chipmaker Intel secured an eye-
         | watering EUR10 billion subsidy for a massive new factory in the
         | eastern city of Magdeburg. That translates into EUR3.3 million
         | for each of the 3,000 jobs the company has pledged to create.
        
         | LudwigNagasena wrote:
         | > because its brain dead insistence on undistorted markets and
         | fiscal rigour
         | 
         | The issue lies in the fact that the EU is comprised of numerous
         | countries within a single market. When one nation begins to
         | subsidize a company or an entire sector, the other nations are
         | left powerless, merely watching their own companies struggle to
         | compete against those bolstered by government subsidies. It
         | becomes a game of pouring government money down the drain and
         | destroying any semblance of free market mechanisms.
        
           | jcfrei wrote:
           | The US is attracting so many companies currently _because_
           | they are giving out the largest government subsidies. It 's
           | nice that you're advocating for more free markets but
           | governments are moving in another direction. And either a
           | country can match those subsidies or they will see their
           | industry relocate to another one.
        
           | Atropos wrote:
           | You should check out how EU state aid laws work. This is
           | exactly the issue they are addressing and it is not true that
           | we have seen a significant "subsidy race" between different
           | EU countries in the recent past.
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | Nothing about European markets is undistorted. The most
         | distorted of all is the view that Europe is declining out of
         | some moral stance. The classic example is how California and
         | the US had to go clean up Volkswagen because local regulatory
         | authorities weren't up to snuff.
        
       | javajosh wrote:
       | In addition to this general malaise, the EU Cyber Resilience Act
       | (CRA) is going to have a big, negative impact on all of the EU,
       | especially Germany, and especially the software industry. The CRA
       | itself is insane, requiring, for example, that conforming
       | software phone-home. Which is, of course, the opposite of what we
       | should be pushing for. Note that something similar is probably
       | coming to the US in the next few years.
       | 
       | I learned about this today from Eclipse Foundation executive
       | director Mike Milinkovich's excellent video/tutorial/warning on
       | the subject: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AmsM5_5QO5A
        
         | Vuizur wrote:
         | When you look at open source AI, for example, EU laws are a
         | huge problem: Not only the act you mentioned, but also GDPR,
         | where it is not clear so far how the "right to be informed" or
         | the "right to deletion" can/must conceivably be implemented.
         | (From my interpretation I also don't see how OpenAI can conform
         | to the "right to be informed" without publishing its training
         | data).
         | 
         | And of course the AI act, which might make it possible for the
         | publishers of open models to be sued if a third party misuses
         | it: https://techcrunch.com/2022/09/06/the-eus-ai-act-could-
         | have-...
        
       | huijzer wrote:
       | I have tried to go against some of the arguments because some are
       | wrong, some are okayish, and some are just plain wrong, but I
       | gave up. The article moves all over the place pulling random
       | facts from all kinds of places in support of the idea that
       | Germany is declining. Maybe that's true, maybe not. This article
       | appears not rigorous enough to come to a right conclusion.
        
         | Michelangelo11 wrote:
         | Right, I have the same impression -- it's really all over the
         | place.
         | 
         | Anyway, the absolute key issue seems to be energy costs. If
         | they hadn't skyrocketed, this wouldn't be happening.
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | Not just _energy_ but specifically access to natural gas.
           | Even when not burned for power and heat it acts as an
           | essential feedstock for much of the German chemicals
           | industry. With flows from Russia being reduced or eliminated
           | there is no choice but to relocate production.
        
             | Archelaos wrote:
             | The German government is subsidising gas consumption by
             | industry very heavily at the moment to prevent this.
             | 
             | A press release on the relevant legislation can be found
             | here (in German): https://www.bundesregierung.de/breg-
             | de/aktuelles/energieprei...
             | 
             | The most important section in this matter reads in English
             | translation as follows:
             | 
             | "From January 2023, industrial customers will receive 70%
             | of their natural gas consumption in 2021 from their
             | suppliers at a guaranteed 7 cents per kilowatt hour. For
             | heat consumption, the price will be capped at 7.5 cents per
             | kilowatt hour, also for 70% of consumption in 2021. For the
             | remaining consumption, industry will pay the regular market
             | price."
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | Right but that level of subsidization is unsustainable.
               | What is the end game? Cheap Russian natural gas is
               | unlikely to return soon enough to save the German
               | chemicals industry.
        
         | 2-718-281-828 wrote:
         | how many planets are there, mr dice?
         | 
         | [rolls dice - dice gives a 6]
         | 
         | unbelievable ... not 3, not 15, but 6 - that's remarkably close
         | to 8!
         | 
         | you're some smart dice, aren't you!
        
         | HackOfAllTrades wrote:
         | Same here. It reads like a huge list of cherry-pickings.
         | 
         | You'd think that quoting facts would strengthen ones argument,
         | all these tiny and sometimes very specific facts _with no
         | context_ had the opposite effect.
        
         | polytely wrote:
         | Honestly, I've never seen a good article from Politico eu.
        
           | haizhung wrote:
           | Politico is owned by Axel Springer, which is the German
           | equivalent of Fox News, if that explains it.
        
             | alephnerd wrote:
             | I keep seeing people saying this about Politico and it's
             | total FUD. I have friends who work there and it's pretty
             | firewalled from Axel Springer. This conspiracy theory about
             | the Politico portion seems to have started in r/Europe and
             | r/WorldNews a couple months ago and kept getting repeated
             | since.
        
               | mistrial9 wrote:
               | the name of the publication has the word "politics" in
               | the title?
        
               | alephnerd wrote:
               | Politico is DC slang for someone who works politics
               | adjacent (hence why their competitor "The Hill" is named
               | that)
               | 
               | Politico started as a blog and newsletter on the Hill
               | back in the late 2000s/early 2010s where we'd leak
               | gossip, but they had amazing product-market fit and ended
               | up opening an EU office a couple years ago (lots of Hill
               | adjacent people also worked in Parliament and Bundestag
               | via early career Atlanticist programs).
               | 
               | A couple of my own quotes have ended up in Politico
        
         | tvon_g wrote:
         | It's directionally correct though, no? What's the case to be
         | made that Germany is ascending? The fact that most German
         | billionaires inherited their wealth is pretty telling I think.
        
           | Archelaos wrote:
           | It shows that inheritance tax in Germany is too low and that
           | unfortunately there is no longer a wealth tax.
        
             | wernercd wrote:
             | "Inheritance tax" always time to take money from others
             | that you didn't earn, eh?
        
               | 7952 wrote:
               | Less so than other taxes. The person inheriting didn't
               | earn it.
        
               | badpun wrote:
               | The childred didn't earn it either.
        
               | jterrys wrote:
               | Imagine working hard to guarantee a good future for your
               | children and having the state step in and taking it away.
        
               | eliaspro wrote:
               | Inheritance tax is not about taking it all away. It's
               | about heavily texting everything beyond a reasonable
               | amount. Even if you could at max inherit "just" a million
               | Euro, that be much more than enough to start a
               | comfortable life, while at the same time eliminating a
               | huge factor of the ever widening poverty/wealth gap.
        
               | brazzy wrote:
               | Imagine working harder that you can possibly imagine to
               | guarantee a good future for your children, and yet not
               | being able to because the deck is stacked against you, or
               | you're just unlucky - and having the state step in to at
               | least give them a fair chance.
               | 
               | Then imagine someone saying that's bad because it's
               | important for other people's kids to be able to live in
               | luxury without ever having to work a day in their lives.
        
               | wernercd wrote:
               | Imagine saying that you working hard, providing for your
               | kids and doing good in life is less because someone else
               | has it better/easier/"doesn't deserve it".
               | 
               | Imagine saying that the only way things can be fair is if
               | you steal from others you think have too much to make
               | things 'equal'.
        
               | patmorgan23 wrote:
               | Brah most inheritance taxes a) don't start until you're
               | in the several hundred thousand to millions range and b)
               | are less than 100%.
               | 
               | So you can still leave a pretty large nest egg for your
               | children. And if you really wanted to make sure they
               | would be ok without you, you would have to pay for a good
               | education and taught them the value of hard work. (And
               | used your social network/connections to get them a good
               | first job/seed money to start their own business)
        
               | wernercd wrote:
               | But the parents did and, as such, get to decide where to
               | put that money.
               | 
               | Again: Always time to take money you didn't earn. Greed
               | is an ugly emotion and socialism/marxism/theft is a fail
               | no matter how you try to dress it up.
        
               | brazzy wrote:
               | Seriously? It's not billionaires who "earn" money by
               | doing nothing who are greedy, but those who think such
               | greed should not be allowed to perpetuate across
               | generations? That is the position you're trying to
               | defend?
        
               | wernercd wrote:
               | greed is wanting that which you didn't earn - aka
               | inheritance tax.
               | 
               | I'm defending the fact that people always want what
               | others have. Most people don't give a shit about poor
               | people they just hate rich people. Because they "didn't
               | earn it".
               | 
               | My position is real simple: Taxation is theft and greedy
               | people always want to take from successful people.
               | 
               | Hard pill to swallow but the rich already pay their fair
               | share in most circumstances - IE: the vast majority of
               | taxes is paid by the "rich" in the US for example... but
               | it's never enough. There's never enough of other peoples
               | money to spend to help "the poor".
        
               | MyAccountYo wrote:
               | Super weird take. Most money is in capital. So most money
               | needs to be spent/taxed in capital. Rich get richer and
               | poor get poorer. That can't work. It's not sustainable.
               | If wages would rise at the same rate as capital we might
               | not need to have this conversation."successful" is also a
               | pretty dim interpretation. Are people who care for
               | elderly or teach kids not worth anything just because
               | they are not CEOs? They should be seen as "successful"
               | but instead we respect the people who exploit the most
               | and are the most ruthless and psychopathic. It's really
               | sad to see that money is the only metric for "success"
               | some people employ.
        
               | lumost wrote:
               | It's surprising to me that Europeans aren't more opposed
               | to generational wealth. Didn't many countries fight
               | _multiple_ wars and revolutions to overthrow /re-instate
               | the entrenched agrarian aristocracy? why would Europeans
               | be comfortable allowing the Entrenchment of a modern
               | aristocracy a hundred years later?
        
               | rogerthis wrote:
               | It's always one aristocracy fighting another. It will
               | always be. Some are better, some are worse for those
               | below.
        
               | jjoonathan wrote:
               | It's pretty wild how capital has pushed all of the taxes
               | off of their own transactions and onto the transactions
               | involving labor. Yes indeed, it always seems to be time
               | to take money from others that you did not earn!
        
               | completegap wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
               | jjoonathan wrote:
               | Rich people get paid for being rich. Poor people get paid
               | for working. These things are not the same.
               | 
               | "But rich people _don 't_ get paid for being rich, they
               | get paid to take risks! To invest!"
               | 
               | There are two definitions of investment running around.
               | One definition has a moral component: you sacrifice
               | consumption today in order to build factories or take
               | risks, thereby enabling greater consumption tomorrow,
               | improving the world and taking a cut of the improvement.
               | That's fine. Great, even! There's a second definition
               | that is amoral, though: anything that you put capital
               | into that provides a return is an investment. This second
               | definition is just fine with "create a problem, sell the
               | cure" and indeed encourages a lot of it. If you look at
               | economic sectors, the ones that are doing really well
               | (health care, housing, education) seem to have this as a
               | high level strategy. Underproduce doctors, price goes up.
               | Fuck up the zoning, price goes up. Pump more debt, price
               | goes up. Merge up the competitors, price goes up. This is
               | deeply unfortunate. Capitalism gets most of its
               | legitimacy from the idea of competition as a check on
               | power, but it seems that most of the money is made by
               | figuring out how not to compete. They teach the
               | Prisoner's Dilemma on the very first day of business
               | school with this very lesson in mind. Don't play the
               | game, play the meta-game! Don't build a product, build a
               | moat! This is highly problematic.
               | 
               | When the economy expands by multiples but most people see
               | their pie slice not only failing to keep pace in relative
               | turns but failing to grow in absolute terms, that's a
               | problem, a failed promise.
               | 
               | What's the answer? The right will hop up and down
               | shrieking "Stalin!" "Mao!" any time you talk about taxing
               | assets, but no, 100 million people will not starve to
               | death if capital gains income gets taxed as regular
               | income, or if we meet in the middle with work hours so
               | that people are allowed to raise their own kids again, or
               | any of a dozen other progressive policies. They tried to
               | coup the last Roosevelt and they'll try to coup the next
               | one, but the prospertiy gospel's own failed promises will
               | be its undoing. We've fixed this before and we'll fix it
               | again.
        
             | completegap wrote:
             | [flagged]
        
             | pseudo0 wrote:
             | Or just hike the capital gains tax. Those billions of
             | dollars have to be put somewhere, and the ultra-rich aren't
             | going to hide it under the mattress. Inheritance tax is
             | fairly easy to avoid with sophisticated tax planning.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | tdrz wrote:
       | I found the article quite good but has missed a couple of points
       | that need to be mentioned:
       | 
       | 1. The attitude of the average German consumer
       | 
       | It seems to me that one of the national sports in Germany is to
       | find cheaper deals for pretty much anything (and then brag about
       | it). Even if it's fractions of a euro! After trimming down on
       | everything that they could, the manufacturers and service
       | providers had to finally reduce quality. This happened to such an
       | extent that the famous "Made in Germany" is now meaningless, if
       | not worse.
       | 
       | 2. The attitude of the average German manager
       | 
       | "I am your boss, you are the employee, now shut up and do as I
       | say" attitude does not work well in knowledge-based industries
       | like Software. And I believe this is one of the reasons why
       | Germany is behind in digitalization, let alone in digital
       | innovation.
        
         | patall wrote:
         | > I am your boss, you are the employee, now shut up and do as I
         | say
         | 
         | This would also not work in engineering and never did. In fact,
         | it's likely one of reasons why german engineering was so good:
         | because people would (and still do) tell their boss bluntly
         | what is wrong.
        
         | croisillon wrote:
         | haha number 1! 20 years later i'm still traumatized about my
         | boss who would spend the whole lunchtime speaking about gas
         | prices
        
         | aeyes wrote:
         | 1. Made in Germany for consumer products might be worth less
         | today but the export of industrial supplies like machines,
         | chemicals and materials are much more important to the economy
         | as a whole. Outside of Germany it is still quite respected - to
         | the point where foreign companies give themselves and their
         | products German sounding names while slapping German flags on
         | their boxes to sell more.
         | 
         | 2. Why software Made in Germany doesn't work well has a number
         | of reasons but I'd say that it is primarily because it is much
         | harder to raise capital for things that only might work 1 out
         | of 50 times. People who start businesses are much more risk-
         | averse and most try to be profitable or self-financed from year
         | 1. This makes them uncompetitive in innovative sectors.
        
           | alephnerd wrote:
           | 1. You are correct that German industrial exports are highly
           | respected. The issue is manufacturers in other countries (eg.
           | Poland, Czechia, Hungary, Turkiye, China, Romania, Spain,
           | Mexico) have caught up. And oftentimes those manufacturers
           | are themselves German companies. This has in turn commodified
           | a major portion of the German industrial base.
           | 
           | 2. France has a similarly ossified financial culture, but has
           | a much more robust tech industry compared to Germany (eg.
           | Ubisoft, Datadog, Capgemeni, Dassault Systemes, Dataiku,
           | Alcatel-Lucent, Thales, Orange, etc)
           | 
           | Germany has a strong base, but some reform is absolutely
           | needed to upskill their economy.
        
             | julienfr112 wrote:
             | Germany has SAP, ...
        
               | alephnerd wrote:
               | But that's just 1 champion (well, actually 2 because
               | Siemens has a robust R&D presence) whereas there are
               | multiple in France. In general, R&D in the software and
               | electronics space seems stronger in France due to the
               | robust MIC, Aviation, and Telco sector spending a lot of
               | money on R&D
        
         | dontupvoteme wrote:
         | >This happened to such an extent that the famous "Made in
         | Germany" is now meaningless, if not worse.
         | 
         | This was originally an anglo pejorative meant to denigrate the
         | quality of German goods. Mild irony.
         | 
         | >2. The attitude of the average German manager
         | 
         | >"I am your boss, you are the employee, now shut up and do as I
         | say" attitude does not work well in knowledge-based industries
         | like Software. And I believe this is one of the reasons why
         | Germany is behind in digitalization, let alone in digital
         | innovation.
         | 
         | My experience has been the complete opposite.
        
         | codethief wrote:
         | Could you provide some references that back up your claims?
        
       | HackOfAllTrades wrote:
       | I'm terribly suspicious when an article quotes a CEO saying
       | "profits aren't where they should be".
       | 
       | God only knows what he thinks his corporate profits "should be",
       | but I'd bet it's a lot higher that you or I would guess.
        
       | dontupvoteme wrote:
       | It took them over 100 years but finally the treaty of versailles
       | will be implemented, for all the wrong reasons.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | ehvatum wrote:
       | I feel embarrassed for Germany. So much pride, built on
       | dishonesty and exploitation of customers and other EU nations.
       | Getting to the point of implementing meaningful reform will be
       | tremendously ugly, in a country that derives such gratification
       | from exporting carbon-intensive industry to China. Sad.
        
       | photochemsyn wrote:
       | The article mentions 'high energy prices' and 'energy costs' and
       | alludes to 'Kremlin cutting off natural gas supplies' but
       | otherwise provides zero discussion of the overall energy picture
       | in Europe. A couple of major issues they could have addressed:
       | 
       | 1. In retrospect, was the German decision to eliminate nuclear
       | power wise? Could they have squeezed another decade of power out
       | of their existing plants, even if they didn't see that as a
       | viable long-term energy source (having to import uranium fuel is
       | not all that better from having to import natural gas,
       | economically speaking)? Granted, nuclear only provides
       | electricty, while BASF needs methane.
       | 
       | 2. Russian gas exports to Germany have been replaced by US LNG
       | gas exports, but the cost differential is pretty huge. Looking
       | around, I see this site has discussed it before (Nov 2022):
       | 
       | https://www.politico.eu/article/cheap-us-gas-cost-fortune-eu...
       | 
       | That's an interesting article, pointing to tight markets being
       | taken advantage of by European energy traders (though Exxon and
       | Chevron shares are up 50% since the price boom, Permian Basin
       | development, booming LNG exports, etc.). It also might explain
       | why some European interests see a finacial benefit in prolonging
       | the Ukraine war (i.e. keeping Russian gas sanctions in place).
       | 
       | 3. Somewhat amusingly, if BASF moves a lot of production China,
       | then their natural gas feedstocks will be coming from... Russia's
       | massive Sakahalin 1 & 2 projects (built with extensive help from
       | Exxon and Shell respectively, and ironically)?
       | 
       | https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/russias-sakhalin-inv...
       | 
       | Maybe blowing up the Nordstream pipeline wasn't such a smart
       | move, after all.
        
         | CamperBob2 wrote:
         | _Maybe blowing up the Nordstream pipeline wasn 't such a smart
         | move, after all._
         | 
         | Do we know with any degree of certainty who was actually
         | responsible for sabotaging the pipeline?
        
           | oezi wrote:
           | It seems all evidence points to a Ukrainian op performed by a
           | small team and minimal amounts of explosives.
           | 
           | Ukraine is also the only country which had clear motive and
           | no real repercussions if found out (because already at war
           | with Russia).
        
         | tdrz wrote:
         | > 1. In retrospect, was the German decision to eliminate
         | nuclear power wise?
         | 
         | " _The country's Green transformation, the so-called
         | Energiewende, has only made matters worse. Just as it was
         | losing access to Russian gas, the country switched off all
         | nuclear power._ "
         | 
         | > Maybe blowing up the Nordstream pipeline wasn't such a smart
         | move, after all.
         | 
         | Or maybe relying so much on a partner which others have warned
         | you about was actually the not so smart move.
        
       | novaRom wrote:
       | quote: Germany ranks only eighth in the Global Innovation Index
       | 
       | Is it so bad? For 83 millions people economy.
        
         | nicbou wrote:
         | According to law only mailed or faxed responses are allowed
        
         | woobar wrote:
         | Considering that Switzerland is No. 1, Sweden, Netherlands or
         | Singapore are all above Germany, I'd guess population is not a
         | big factor in computing this index.
        
           | morelisp wrote:
           | > Switzerland is No. 1
           | 
           | Time to rename the region CHAD I guess.
        
       | kachurovskiy wrote:
       | We're definitely huge fans of paperwork here and it hurts a lot.
       | 
       | Want to sell something? Company registration takes months, just
       | getting a business tax ID was 6 weeks for me. To sell
       | electronics, register with Stiftung EAR, then find an
       | intermediary to get you a WEEE-Nummer and report monthly (!)
       | sales figures of all your device types. Just that registration
       | costs 1k and 8 weeks. And don't forget your battery and packaging
       | license!
       | 
       | By comparison, similar WEEE fees in UK are 30 pounds and in
       | Estonia are 12 euros, no wait.
       | 
       | But the real fun starts if you hire someone :) The paperwork
       | there is a magnitude more.
       | 
       | I don't think we're doomed though. The schools are packed with
       | kids, education is free and good, health services are not a
       | concern (looking at you, US), society is healthy. I think we'll
       | manage :) Hopefully no more self-inflicted energy crises in the
       | works.
        
         | jareklupinski wrote:
         | > We're definitely huge fans of paperwork here and it hurts a
         | lot.
         | 
         | > society is healthy
         | 
         | no pain, no gain :)
         | 
         | there's probably a terry prachett quote attributing bureaucracy
         | to the stability of a large-scale civilization
        
         | fxtentacle wrote:
         | "But the real fun starts if you hire someone :) The paperwork
         | there is a magnitude more."
         | 
         | I've been very happy with Sage, an online SaaS to manage
         | employees and their payments, taxes, and related paperwork.
        
       | choeger wrote:
       | Germany is extremely well positioned to rise again economically
       | in the next five years or so. It's attracting migrants from all
       | over Europe, it's located quite nicely in the middle of the
       | continent and it's currently building a massive capacity of
       | renewable energy.
       | 
       | The only real problem right now is efficiency of spending. Nearly
       | all public sectors (defense, housing, transportation, education,
       | healthcare) bemoan significant lack of financing and workers.
       | Yet, Germany spends enormous amounts of money and employs record
       | levels of workers there. It's like all the money and workers just
       | vanish. This leads to the situation that it's currently difficult
       | to hire in Germany.
       | 
       | This process leads to the attraction of skilled workers
       | especially from eastern Europe. I don't know where this ends, but
       | I doubt the spending and employment will get significantly more
       | efficient. Instead, Germany might very well attract additional
       | millions of well-educated Poles, Ukrainians, Romanians, etc.
       | 
       | I wouldn't be surprised if by 2030 we see a Germany with a
       | population of 90M people absolutely dominating the European
       | market.
        
         | nicbou wrote:
         | I help German immigrants for a living. It's currently one of
         | the hardest countries to settle in due to the archaic and
         | labyrinthine bureaucracy. Berlin's immigration office is
         | completely unable to handle its workload, delaying immigration
         | to the point people just give up and leave.
         | 
         | I've been here long enough to apply for citizenship, but Berlin
         | has a backlog of 26,000 applications and literally refuses new
         | ones until they centralise the processing. The new central
         | office is expected to handle 20,000 applications per year.
         | 
         | This is the city where you need an in-person appointment weeks
         | in the future to register your address, a key process that many
         | other things depend on.
         | 
         | All of this can only be done in German, of course.
         | 
         | If Germany wants to attract talent, it has to meet it in the
         | 21st century.
        
           | FirmwareBurner wrote:
           | Maybe Berlin has just reached maximum occupancy? I mean, we'd
           | all like to live in our favorite dream city, but how long is
           | that sustainable long term, if we all move to one city?
           | 
           | Germany seems like it wants to have its cake and eat it too.
           | It wants more migration to put downward pressure on wages and
           | upward pressure on housing prices, but that's it, it does
           | nothing to actually make life pleasant and attractive for the
           | people moving there to live and work, in terms of taxes,
           | bureaucracy and housing, so you just feel like cattle,
           | exploited for your ability to pay taxes to the state and to
           | pay someone else's mortgage.
        
           | brazzy wrote:
           | Berlin is infamously badly governed. It should not be
           | considered representative of Germany as a whole.
        
         | eldaisfish wrote:
         | i would not be so hopeful. A big problem is that germany does
         | not operate in the global lingua franca - English. This really
         | shows when countries like Australia and Canada - combined, both
         | have a population less than germany's - are able to attract the
         | best and brightest from around the world.
         | 
         | Another problem is one that plagues all old world countries -
         | societies are based around ethnicity.
         | 
         | These combine to mean that Germany and the EU in general are
         | not attracting the best from abroad. The region is often the
         | second or third choice of the educated migrant. Don't believe
         | me - look at the EU's own internal migration numbers and the
         | stats for immigrants from outside the EU. Internal EU migration
         | is pretty low relative to countries like US (states vs
         | countries, sure) and the immigrations from outside are largely
         | poorly educated.
         | 
         | This shows in Germany's immigration policy - they have been
         | reducing barriers to entry for over a decade now and are yet
         | struggling to hire foreign talent. This begs the question -
         | why?
        
           | radiator wrote:
           | Since when is it a problem for a country to operate in its
           | own language? Especially one which is spoken by 100 million
           | people? Have you considered that people who migrate to a new
           | country for work might even try to learn the language? Who
           | says English must remain lingua franca in Europe?
           | 
           | But beside all that, everyone with a basic education in
           | Germany does speak good English if needed.
        
           | holoduke wrote:
           | Eastern European people are very much german orientated. Most
           | speak better German than English. So no you are not right.
           | Germany is immensively popular by tech migrants from Russia.
           | Poland, Hungary, Czech etc.
        
             | badpun wrote:
             | > Most speak better German than English.
             | 
             | That's not true, at least not in Poland.
             | 
             | Also, current German take-home salaries for coders are
             | lower than Polish (gross amounts are similar, but in Poland
             | a lot of coders are self-employed, with very lox taxes),
             | with vastly higher costs of living. If anything, Germans
             | programmers should emigrate to Poland - they're not getting
             | a great deal in their country.
        
               | ManuelKiessling wrote:
               | I'm intrigued -- can you provide some numbers, e.g. some
               | typical hourly rates and/or monthly wages for some
               | typical programming jobs? Or maybe you have some sources
               | (I'll be able to help myself with Google Translate if
               | they are Polish).
        
               | type0 wrote:
               | I agree, actually think Poland is one of the best
               | countries in Europe for future digital sector, it's more
               | open to dealing in English language and more open to
               | change when it comes to business. As levels of living
               | rise, I'm fairly confident it will be attracting more and
               | better talents than other old EU countries. Other East
               | Europeans are treated much better in Poland than Germany
               | (West Germans don't even treat East Germans that well).
        
             | FirmwareBurner wrote:
             | _> astern European people are very much german orientated.
             | _
             | 
             | Not true in Romania at all. We're latin and way more
             | US/angloshpere oriented than German.
             | 
             | Where did you get your information? You're probably
             | thinking only of the parts of the former Austrian empire
             | which used to speak German, but the youth there is also
             | more Anglo focused than German, and it's only a samll part
             | of eastern Europe
        
               | OfSanguineFire wrote:
               | It is true in Romania, too. Since the ethnic Hungarian
               | population isn't Latin, interest in the German language
               | has always been higher among them, and Germany has been a
               | magnet for Hungarian emigration from Romania. But even
               | leaving language aside, I know a number of ethnic
               | Romanians from Cluj and Timisoara who moved to Germany,
               | especially Berlin a decade ago when it was viewed as the
               | hipster capital of Europe and still regarded as a cheap
               | place to live.
        
           | FirmwareBurner wrote:
           | _> These combine to mean that Germany and the EU in general
           | are not attracting the best from abroad. _
           | 
           | How many skilled Eastern Europeans have you met who still
           | want to move to Germany? This was the dream ~10 years ago but
           | most white collar EE engineers I know take one look at the
           | wages and housing situation there and make a 180 back home.
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | sparrc wrote:
       | Opposite lots of commenters here deriding the article as "all
       | over the place", I thought it was very well-written and
       | comprehensive. Seems like there are concerns across a wide swath
       | of companies and industries in Germany.
       | 
       | Reading between the lines, the proposed solution seems something
       | like lower corporate taxes (currently making decamping to Dublin
       | more attractive) and lower energy prices.
       | 
       | The risk brought up is that if things continue it will likely
       | lead to increasing blaming of immigrants and a rise in the far-
       | right AfD party, which has already started.
        
         | lyu07282 wrote:
         | Also gutting labor rights, but I suppose that's always
         | suggested by liberals no matter what
        
           | tasubotadas wrote:
           | What about employer rights? Right to fire poorly performing
           | schmucks?
        
         | tasubotadas wrote:
         | Yes. The worst is yet to come.
         | 
         | - Germany is heavily reliant on industry (like Autos)
         | 
         | - Cheap energy has ended due to war in Ukraine
         | 
         | - The available replacements are going to be even more
         | expensive (and they are still closing more nuclear plants)
         | 
         | - The production costs will increase reducing their
         | competitiveness even further
         | 
         | - The competitives was bad even before this (VW vs Tesla
         | anyone?)
         | 
         | - Once the huge layoffs and closures will begin, the entire
         | economy will enter recession.
         | 
         | Industry-focuses businesses are now low-margin and high-
         | competition (competition mostly coming from Asia). The same is
         | happening here what happened during the shift of Agriculture
         | economy into Industrial economy.
         | 
         | And the shift to services (tech/software specifically) was
         | pretty much non-existent. Also, it's unlikely to become any
         | better due to alienation of investors (who wants to invest in a
         | country where everybody is taxed and red-taped into oblivion?).
         | 
         | So... who nows. Germany is probably going to pull a "Greece" on
         | us :).
        
           | patall wrote:
           | > - Cheap energy has ended due to war in Ukraine
           | 
           | While there is some truth to that, energy prices are lower
           | than at the start of the war.
           | 
           | > - The available replacements are going to be even more
           | expensive (and they are still closing more nuclear plants)
           | 
           | There are no nuclear plants left. And Germany just got 12.6
           | billion from auctioning of building rights for 4 new wind
           | parks (with capped price limits of 6.3ct/kW/h.
           | 
           | > - The competitives was bad even before this (VW vs Tesla
           | anyone?)
           | 
           | How is that? VW has a quite broad electric car range by now.
           | Tesla is hip (which VW also tries to be) but that's about it
           | 
           | > - Once the huge layoffs and closures will begin, the entire
           | economy will enter recession
           | 
           | The german labour market is quite strong (except maybe
           | construction, but there's not many germans working there
           | anyways). Problem is rather that too many people are retiring
           | (and that the average age is so high)
           | 
           | > So... who nows. Germany is probably going to pull a
           | "Greece" on us :).
           | 
           | The budget of the german state is almost balanced. How does
           | it look in the US?
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-07-14 23:02 UTC)