[HN Gopher] Dropped iPad implicated in fatal Rotak Chinook helic...
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       Dropped iPad implicated in fatal Rotak Chinook helicopter crash
        
       Author : mik3y
       Score  : 262 points
       Date   : 2023-07-14 14:44 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (verticalmag.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (verticalmag.com)
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | UnixSchizoid wrote:
       | Was he possibly using it as a dashboard of sorts? Edit: I didn't
       | read the article fully and was guessing, I have been corrected by
       | the comments
        
         | TMWNN wrote:
         | The article itself discusses this:
         | 
         | >Apple iPads and other so-called electronic flight bags (EFBs)
         | have become common equipment in aircraft cockpits, used for
         | flight planning, as a supplemental navigation aid, and to
         | replace paper documents, among other purposes.
        
           | UnixSchizoid wrote:
           | ah, I didnt see that part. Thanks for that
        
       | tiahura wrote:
       | Didn't this happen on an Airbus at least once? I seem to remember
       | hearing that pilot's iPhone got wedged behind the joystick and
       | pushed the nose down until he could knock it loose.
        
         | jaywalk wrote:
         | There's not really anywhere for an iPhone to get wedged around
         | the side stick on an Airbus.
        
         | TT-392 wrote:
         | I think that was a camera
        
         | PuffinBlue wrote:
         | It was an RAF Voyager (Airbus A-330) I think you are referring
         | to and a DSLR camera (Nikon D5300) that became wedged as you
         | say[0].
         | 
         | The item didn't get knocked loose, it was the plane automation
         | that saved the flight. The auto-pilot self-corrected and
         | levelled off when it detected prolonged dangerous pitch down
         | input[1].
         | 
         | [0] https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/service-
         | inquiry-i... [1] Page 37 of
         | https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/...
        
           | nsonha wrote:
           | > The auto-pilot self-corrected and levelled off when it
           | detected prolonged dangerous pitch down input
           | 
           | this makes Airbus the opposite of Boeing
        
           | nayuki wrote:
           | Mini Air Crash Investigation: How A Camera Sent This
           | Passenger Jet Into A Terrifying NoseDive.
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5VGsnztTo4A
        
             | Mawr wrote:
             | Probably a better video from MentourPilot:
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dl-Fl66Jfao
        
       | vorpalhex wrote:
       | What an unfortunate accident. I'm surprised anything loose in the
       | cabin isn't tethered in whether it's a tablet or a clipboard.
        
         | nvy wrote:
         | I used to be in military SAR and the powers that be required
         | helo crews to keep their EFBs/iPads in a clip with suction
         | mounts, similar to what you see in cars for phones.
         | 
         | Those regs are well established. Whether these guys were
         | following them remains to be determined.
        
           | jmbwell wrote:
           | Oof. Suction cups? I can already hear it coming loose and
           | hitting the floorboards.
           | 
           | I'd be pushing for something more robust like a clamp-
           | on/bolt-on RAM mount or something. We put RAM mounts on
           | forklifts for iPads and barcode scanners, and they're nigh
           | indestructible.
        
             | dharmab wrote:
             | Suction cups are extremely secure when used correctly
             | (clean flat smooth surfaces). GoPro advertises theirs as
             | secure in a 150MPH wind when used correctly.
        
             | brewdad wrote:
             | I would hope they are something really robust like the
             | suction cups used to move large pieces of glass around.
             | Still seems like an odd choice given the variety of
             | temperatures and pressures experienced in flight.
        
               | dharmab wrote:
               | The cockpits are environmentally controlled- otherwise
               | the equipment inside could overheat or freeze.
        
             | nvy wrote:
             | The mounts we used went through an airworthiness and crash
             | survivability review. The ones I'm familiar with had dual
             | suction cups and the cups themselves were pretty
             | significant.
        
         | dharmab wrote:
         | A common checklist item is to secure any "FOD" (Foreign Object
         | Debris"). For example some pilots will strap their clipboard or
         | iPad to their legs as a "kneeboard".
        
       | olliej wrote:
       | Echoes of RAF Voyager ZZ333, where a camera jamming against a
       | control caused an uncontrolled pitched down.
        
       | BXLE_1-1-BitIs1 wrote:
       | The Navpad is a simple device that secures gadgets to your thigh.
       | 
       | https://www.diblasi.com/aviation.htm
       | 
       | Stuff gets dropped. Suction cup mounts have the habit of coming
       | loose at inopportune times.
        
       | jollofricepeas wrote:
       | That's sad. I can only imagine the amount of panic they must have
       | went through.
       | 
       | I wonder what other fatal accidents have been caused by dropped
       | electronics such as iPads and iPhones getting stuck under
       | accelerators and brake pedals in cars and long haul trucks as an
       | example.
       | 
       | There's obviously distracted driving as well which is a major
       | problem.
        
         | sirshmooey wrote:
         | Tangentially related, there's Eastern Air Lines Flight 401. The
         | flight crew unwittingly crashed the plane while preoccupied
         | with a burnt out landing gear confirmation light.
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_Air_Lines_Flight_401
        
         | criddell wrote:
         | I flew recently and part of the pre-flight announcement now is
         | if you drop a phone or other electronic device between seats,
         | do not try to retrieve it. Call a flight attendant and let them
         | retrieve it.
         | 
         | Apparently, people have dropped their phone then while trying
         | to retrieve it, moved the seat and bent the phone, puncturing
         | the battery.
        
           | Edd314159 wrote:
           | I did this a few years ago during taxi before take-off, in a
           | business class seat on a flight to Tokyo (I'm not bragging,
           | it's literally the only time in my life I've ever not flown
           | economy)
           | 
           | I had to move to another seat when I wanted to recline it for
           | sleeping, because the crew (quite rightly) didn't want my
           | iPhone getting chewed up in the mechanism.
           | 
           | Despite me using my Apple Watch to make the "find me!" ping
           | sound, nobody could find it during the flight, so they had to
           | partly dismantle the seat when we landed. It was all very
           | embarrassing, I had to stand there for 20 minutes watching
           | ground crew take it apart.
           | 
           | I didn't dare tell anyone that I didn't turn it onto airplane
           | mode before I dropped it.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | Don't feel bad. I once almost superglued my hand to a seat
             | while deplaning.
             | 
             | (And partly superglued my pants to my leg).
             | 
             | Pressure changes have interesting impacts on "sealed"
             | containers!
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | Imagine walking around for a while with a Lego 2x4 glued
               | to your palm... not that I would know anything about
               | that.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | While the consequences are less severe, losing them in the
             | seat is one reason I absolutely will not use wireless
             | earphones when flying. I did drop a phone once into a seat
             | but the flight attendant was able to recover it.
             | 
             | > didn't dare tell anyone that I didn't turn it onto
             | airplane mode before I dropped it.
             | 
             | I try to remember if only to preserve battery life but I'm
             | willing to bet the vast majority of people don't.
        
               | cjrp wrote:
               | My wife dropped her engagement ring in to a China
               | Airlines seat. Luckily, since it was a flight to Taiwan,
               | we were able to use chopsticks to retrieve the ring from
               | inside the seat!
        
           | edgineer wrote:
           | In this case it was not the attempt to retrieve the tablet
           | that caused the accident, it was being unable to reach it to
           | remove it from being jammed in the pedals.
        
         | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
         | In most cases with highly trained professionals, panic is very
         | unlikely. Too busy working the problem in front of them to
         | panic.
        
         | interestica wrote:
         | > I wonder what other fatal accidents have been caused by
         | dropped electronics such as iPads and iPhones getting stuck
         | under accelerators and brake pedals in cars and long haul
         | trucks as an example.
         | 
         | Toyota recalled 38m cars because of potential for mats stuck
         | under gas pedals. With at least one fatal incident:
         | 
         | https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2009/09/toyota_recal...
        
           | duckmysick wrote:
           | The linked article says 3.8 million, a difference of one
           | order of magnitude.
        
         | 13of40 wrote:
         | Can't remember where I read it, but I heard a theory a long
         | time back that people freaking out about spiders and insects in
         | their cars could account for a significant number of
         | unexplained car accidents. I wonder if we've ever had an
         | aircraft accident because of that.
        
           | interestica wrote:
           | Ever have that feeling of extreme preparation in a car when
           | you feel a sneeze coming on?
        
           | smilespray wrote:
           | Last month, I got a speeding ticket because I was distracted
           | by a mosquito...
        
             | partdavid wrote:
             | That must have been a fast mosquito!
        
               | smilespray wrote:
               | Fast and bloodthirsty.
        
           | RalfWausE wrote:
           | Quiet plausible... a long time ago i took my motorcycle out
           | for the first ride after a long pause, as soon as i left the
           | town where i live in and a moment before i would yank the
           | throttle open an ABSOLUTELY GIANT (so perhaps a few
           | milimeter) spider crawled on the inside of my helmets visor.
           | I panicked hard, brought the bike to a screaching halt,
           | yanked the helmet from my head and threw it astaundingly far
           | away into the wheat field where i stood next to.
           | 
           | I was lucky, would this have happen while riding at 250 km/h
           | or knee down in a curve... no, i don't want to think about...
           | 
           | Finding the helmet afterwards was interesting enough...
        
           | camtarn wrote:
           | I had a wasp fly into my motorbike helmet one time. The visor
           | was down but cracked open slightly to stop it fogging up, and
           | it was just big enough for one unlucky bug. Luckily it didn't
           | sting me and I was able to come to a controlled stop and take
           | the helmet off, but if I'd been in mid-corner and it stung
           | me, it would have been bad news.
        
           | whinenot wrote:
           | I once had a wasp hiding near my center console start
           | stinging my arm as soon as put my arm down as I started
           | driving. Fortunately, I was still in my residential
           | neighborhood so I was able to pull over and jump out of the
           | car without causing an accident but it's easy to imagine the
           | poorer consequences had I been a little further in my
           | journey.
        
             | lacrimacida wrote:
             | I have unpredictible behavior when spiders or roaches are
             | crawling on me, it's an automatic reaction I can't seem to
             | control. Im not really afraid of spiders or roaches so no
             | phobia involved. Once I almost broke my arm, I hit it
             | really hard to a wall to get the thing off.
             | 
             | Is there any hope for me to tame these reactions?
        
               | schiem wrote:
               | If you're serious about it, the way that I (accidentally)
               | found that works is to keep some spiders and roaches as
               | pets. I used to be the same way, involuntarily flinching
               | whenever a large enough insect would crawl on me until I
               | adjusted to being around them all the time. The roaches
               | and smaller spiders don't trigger any kind of involuntary
               | reflex anymore. I do still flinch when the largest
               | spiders (> 5 inch leg span) move very quickly while I'm
               | doing maintenance but I'm pretty okay with that,
               | especially because one of them could put me in the
               | hospital.
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | > it's easy to imagine the poorer consequences had I been a
             | little further in my journey.
             | 
             | The wasp would have been fine.
             | 
             | Makes you wonder how many cause unknown single vehicle
             | crashes where the driver dies are the result of insects.
        
               | whinenot wrote:
               | Some people may view this scene[0] as overly dramatic,
               | whereas I think it's perfectly understandable once it
               | happens to you.
               | 
               | [0]https://youtu.be/nJ_pVgV1EZQ?t=216
        
           | morkalork wrote:
           | I was cycling with loose shorts once and a bee flew up the
           | leg and stung my upper inner thigh. I'm sure if there was
           | anyone else on the path when that happened, I would've
           | crashed into them.
        
         | fullstop wrote:
         | My neighbor, a photographer, was on a tour group which took
         | three helicopters up and only two returned. [1] They had an
         | aftermarket restraint system to tether the passengers in and
         | they were required to cut the restraint to free themselves in
         | case of emergency, or unbuckle the tether from behind them
         | which was time consuming. One passenger's restraint
         | accidentally engaged the emergency fuel shut off lever, and by
         | the time the pilot figured out what had happened it was too
         | late to correct things and he was forced to land in the river.
         | 
         | None of the passengers were able to cut the restraint to free
         | themselves, and all five drowned.
         | 
         | It's not really the same as dropped electronics but it's an
         | example of a safety system gone awry.
         | 
         | 1.
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_New_York_City_helicopter_...
        
           | fouc wrote:
           | > ground crew were responsible for attaching and detaching a
           | locking carabiner to the back of each passenger's
           | supplemental harness at the start and end of each flight.
           | 
           | ugh, so short sighted!
        
             | oh_sigh wrote:
             | Not only were the supplemental harnesses nearly impossible
             | to get out of by yourself in an emergency situation, but
             | the supplemental harness is what triggered the crash in the
             | first place, by getting stuck on the fuel shutoff lever.
             | 
             | I wonder how many lives those supplemental harnesses have
             | saved, versus the 5 they cost here.
        
               | fullstop wrote:
               | > I wonder how many lives those supplemental harnesses
               | have saved, versus the 5 they cost here.
               | 
               | If the story were changed and a handful of people
               | accidentally fell out of a helicopter, we'd be asking why
               | they weren't strapped in.
        
           | partdavid wrote:
           | For me, the aspect of that accident that never gets enough
           | attention is the partial failure of the floats.
           | 
           | I think everyone understands that asking people who have
           | never drilled a helicopter water escape to take special
           | actions in an emergency, let alone reach behind them and cut
           | a tether, is just never going to work, certainly not in the
           | few seconds they had. If the floats had functioned as
           | designed, according to the investigation, everyone would have
           | survived. Instead, either because the pilot did not fully
           | activate them, or due to some malfunction, the right float
           | did not inflate, causing the helicopter to capsize.
           | 
           | It's not completely clear to me, but I don't think they ever
           | completely identified the malfunction that resulted in this,
           | but as far as I'm concerned, it's a malfunction in a safety-
           | critical system that caused deaths, and I'm surprised it's
           | not the primary highlight of this accident.
        
             | fullstop wrote:
             | Right, they would have had the time to remove the tethers
             | if it hadn't sank. Like everything else, I'm sure that they
             | require some amount of maintenance and I wonder if that's
             | the sort of thing which can be tested without destroying
             | it. I trust that my car's airbag will deploy if it's in an
             | accident, but I really can't check that. A non-trivial
             | number of airbags fail to deploy when they, in fact,
             | should.
             | 
             | I'm not surprised that the tether is the focus, though --
             | it's the reason why the helicopter crashed to begin with
             | and also prevented the passengers from escaping.
        
           | dredmorbius wrote:
           | I want to emphasize the point here that _the cause of the
           | accident was itself a component of a safety system_.
           | 
           | One point that repeatedly gets lost in considerations of risk
           | and security is that _more complex systems intended to
           | compensate for other risks_ will _themselves_ become part of
           | the risk and /or threat profile.
           | 
           | I've both read of this many times in the case of incidents
           | which occur elsewhere, and have seen it firsthand myself
           | where some system or method itself intended to compensate for
           | a risk turns out to be the cause of an incident.
           | 
           | Power backup systems, fire suppression systems, failover /
           | load-balancer devices, and many cases of safety or audit
           | code, just off the top of my head.
        
           | msie wrote:
           | Ugh, the location of the fuel shutoff lever. It should be
           | within easy reach of the pilot but not the passenger!
        
             | partdavid wrote:
             | A passenger didn't activate it (although passengers have in
             | other aircraft), it was the restraint harness tether that
             | got wrapped underneath it.
        
       | _trampeltier wrote:
       | Memorys. My sister once left a candle in the car. When i was
       | driving down from a mountain (Oberalppass, Switzerland), the
       | candle rolled under the break peddal just before a hard u-turn.
       | Super scary feeling when you hit the break and nothing does
       | happen. I hit the break a second time with full force, the candle
       | got pushed away and the ABS safed me.
        
         | throitallaway wrote:
         | *brake
        
       | the__alchemist wrote:
       | Some loose thoughts:
       | 
       | Military aircraft cockpits sometimes don't have a great concept
       | of "inside" and "outside", the way a cell, waterproof device, the
       | aircraft's pressure seal etc do. If you drop something (FOD),
       | there may not be a clearly defined boundary to where it can end
       | up, or it may not be possible to see or get to it while strapped
       | in etc. Rudder pedals, or the various mechanical and electrical
       | connections around them, as indicated in the article, are a great
       | example of this. If you can't find it, the AC may have to be
       | grounded and thoroughly searched/panels removed etc.
       | 
       | Military avionics may be missing basic things that an EFB can
       | help with, including maps, nav point and airport databases,
       | weather info, ADSB info etc. EFBs are (IMO) a poor substitute due
       | to the FOD concern here, the clunky touch screen interface (which
       | you probably have to take gloves off for), the risk of getting
       | locked out of important things like checklist and plates by
       | BlackBerry, Foreflight licenses, passcode timers or other
       | security layer etc.
       | 
       | You might have a jet that's 30 years old, just got retrofitted
       | with a really nice radar etc, but the funding didn't make it
       | through for a database, better displays/UI etc that would be
       | better integrated with a jet, so you lean on the EFBs.
       | 
       | There are sometimes EFB mounts that can attach to a canopy via
       | suction cup, clip onto various surfaces etc.
        
         | scarier wrote:
         | For perspective, the thing EFBs primarily replace is paper
         | charts and approach plates, which are probably a worse FOD
         | hazard due to how many different ones you have to use on a long
         | flight. Most military pilots are trained to "dummy-cord" or
         | otherwise secure anything that can become a FOD hazard inside
         | the cockpit. There are plenty of products out there that let
         | you strap a tablet to your leg at least as securely as a
         | traditional kneeboard or IFR strap.
        
         | mmaunder wrote:
         | FOD? "EFBs are (IMO) a poor substitute due to the FOD concern
         | here, the clunky touch screen interface (which you probably
         | have to take gloves off for), the risk of getting locked out of
         | important things like checklist and plates by BlackBerry,
         | Foreflight licenses, passcode timers or other security layer
         | etc."???
         | 
         | This is basically just wrong. EFBs like ForeFlight are an
         | incredibly rich and indispensable suite of tools from approach
         | plates to a huge range of charts to log books to synthetic
         | vision to adsb-in and much more. And operationally they're very
         | reliable and robust. I'm instrument rated, fly with a primary
         | and backup iPad and have mine clamped to the yoke and it ain't
         | going anywhere.
         | 
         | ForeFlight licenses? What are you even talking about? In North
         | America FF is almost a standard among GA pilots.
        
           | civilitty wrote:
           | The GP is talking about them in an operational military
           | context, not a GA. I'm not too familiar with helicopters but
           | see the L39 Alabtross or T38, for example. Even in trainer
           | jets that are optimized for keeping students alive, the PIC
           | can barely fit an iPad mini anywhere in the cockpit and there
           | are tons of little places for things to fall and jam any
           | number of mechanical linkages.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | FabHK wrote:
         | Near-crash due to dropped pen: _Air show plane went into nose
         | dive after loose pen in cockpit jammed the controls_
         | 
         | https://archive.is/YmIgB
        
           | bbojan wrote:
           | There was a helicopter crash in Canada due to an unrestrained
           | tool bag: https://www.google.com/amp/s/beta.ctvnews.ca/local/
           | ottawa/20...
           | 
           | And this one in Ireland due to a rag:
           | https://www.irishtimes.com/news/helicopter-crash-caused-
           | by-c...
        
         | rsynnott wrote:
         | > If you can't find it, the AC may have to be grounded and
         | thoroughly searched/panels removed etc.
         | 
         | _Why_ is this? Weight reduction or something? On the face of it
         | it sounds like a design flaw.
        
           | PuffinBlue wrote:
           | I think the article and this mishap is an example of the
           | reason why - if you can't find a dropped and loose object in
           | the cockpit then you can't fly the aircraft because it may
           | move in flight to somewhere where it can interfere with the
           | controls.
           | 
           | In writing this answer it struck me you might be reading AC
           | as Air Conditioning, instead of AirCraft, which I suppose
           | could have lead to your question asking about weight
           | reduction.
        
             | lukeschlather wrote:
             | Out of context I read AC as "alternating current" with
             | "grounded" taking on a totally different meaning.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Hopefully, we never need an aircraft to be fully grounded
               | with a tethered cable. That'd be ridiculous. As a kid, I
               | had a plane that was tethered and would only fly in
               | circles. Oh, where the mind wanders on a Friday
        
               | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
               | > Hopefully, we never need an aircraft to be fully
               | grounded with a tethered cable.
               | 
               | That's one way of landing an helicopter on a boat in a
               | rough sea. It works surprisingly well.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Speaking of grounding a helicopter, it reminded me of the
               | Hunt For Red October scene of trying to get a person from
               | a helicopter to a submarine. It always seemed like such a
               | complicated something as opposed to just putting someone
               | in the water to let a diver collect them, which is
               | precisely what wound up happening anyways
        
               | Arrath wrote:
               | My cousin was picked up from a submarine by a helicopter,
               | I'll have to ask him how that was orchestrated.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | To me, it's still a helicopter that can hover. If your
               | cousin had been picked up from a submarine with a sky
               | hook, then that's over the top.
        
               | chipsa wrote:
               | When planes are on the ground, they usually are fully
               | grounded with a tethered cable for ESD reasons.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | Arrath wrote:
               | Its standard to ground out a helicopter carrying a sling
               | load before the load is touched/handled (it may even have
               | a longer grounding cable that drags across the ground as
               | it descends) because it can gather some pretty dangerous
               | levels of charge.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | rsynnott wrote:
             | Oh, sure, I get that if something gets lost you need to
             | find it. My impression from the comment was that military
             | cockpits were designed such that it was easier for stuff to
             | get lost than it might be, tho, which is what I was curious
             | about.
        
               | TylerE wrote:
               | Military cockpits are a moving target in more ways than
               | one. The cockpit of an aircraft like the B-52 is
               | unrecognizable from when it was built.
        
               | bitwalker wrote:
               | I worked on F-16 avionics (in aircraft maintenance, on
               | the flightline), there are a lot of little
               | nooks/holes/slots/gaps where small bits of FOD can fall
               | and be incredibly difficult to extract, and the fear of
               | that FOD causing a jam, flying around the cockpit, or
               | getting wedged and causing unexpected wear on wiring
               | harnesses and then shorting out (or worse, arcing) during
               | flight was a _big_ deal. FOD in the cockpit was basically
               | the worst thing that could happen during routine
               | maintenance, because if you couldn't see it, and either
               | couldn't get to it with a magnet (or the FOD wasn't
               | metal), it might require pulling _a lot_ of stuff out of
               | the cockpit before you could reach into the area where it
               | fell. The worst case that could easily happen was having
               | to have Egress come out and pull the ejection seat so you
               | could get under it.
               | 
               | I always figured that all of those little gaps/etc. were
               | due to a couple factors:
               | 
               | 1.) the aircraft are constantly being upgraded/modified,
               | so even if you designed the aircraft to be gap-free
               | initially, there will inevitably be changes that
               | introduce them. The cockpit itself is basically a frame
               | with racks that hold all of the avionics, seat, etc.
               | 
               | 2.) in conjunction with the above, ease of maintenance
               | was somewhat important, so they tried to leave at least a
               | little room to maneuver in the cockpit where possible
               | (though there were plenty of places which were a
               | nightmare to work regardless), but that comes at the cost
               | of introducing areas where things can fall.
               | 
               | 3.) some components have to be regularly removed and
               | worked on outside the aircraft, or must be free of
               | obstruction during flight, e.g. the ejection seat. So you
               | end up with plenty of gaps where things can fall.
        
               | HumblyTossed wrote:
               | Why would one waste money (and weight) building a cockpit
               | that was more than just utilitarian? It is a war machine
               | which may get lost in war (or war practice).
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | One way to get lost, in war or otherwise, feels like
               | someone dropping an iPad where no iPad should be. And
               | these things aren't _generally_ exactly built on the
               | cheap.
        
               | sitkack wrote:
               | Sounds like a design flaw if there is so much open
               | machinery that a dislodged part can jam everything up.
               | Stuff comes apart.
               | 
               | A general engineering design principle is that things
               | degrade smoothly so that there aren't abrupt changes in
               | performance.
               | 
               | The aircraft controls should be protected such that
               | foreign objects should have a low likelihood of jamming
               | them. That there aren't things preventing someone from
               | clearing any blockages and there aren't places where they
               | could lever themselves in.
               | 
               | My car has a design flaw with respect to the floor mats
               | and the accelerator pedal (its not a Toyota). Between how
               | the lever arm and the pedal surface itself are design and
               | the aftermarket floor mat, if the mat slides forward it
               | can jam the accelerator down. These are the deep groove
               | mats for catching mud and water. The designers didn't
               | think of this, if the pivot point for the pedal was
               | further up the firewall. The pedal also has a hard square
               | edge. Both of those things are in _general_ a design flaw
               | for pedals. The NHTSA (National Highway Transportation
               | Safety Administration) should and maybe they have (my car
               | is old) the design of the pedal linkage and the shape of
               | the pedal to reduce this kind of risk. The hooks for
               | securing floor mats should also be standardized to help
               | keep them in place.
               | 
               | The hard mount points for child seats are a great
               | positive example of this.
        
               | civilitty wrote:
               | _> The hard mount points for child seats are a great
               | positive example of this._
               | 
               | You're comparing child seats built for the greatest
               | common denominator to high tech war machines that were
               | built on the principle of "kill or be killed" for the
               | best funded and most advanced armed forces on Earth.
               | Every kilo of paneling is another kilo that slows down
               | the aircraft, reduces its range, and changes its
               | balance/maneuverability.
               | 
               | Aircraft technicians are just expected not to drop pens
               | and other crap in cockpits and engines on a regular
               | basis. It's a completely different operational context.
        
               | dTal wrote:
               | Avoiding the need to ground and strip the aircraft every
               | time someone drops a pen seems pretty utilitarian.
        
           | awhow wrote:
           | You don't want a screwdriver, or anything else, pressed up
           | against a control rod or a rotating component.
        
           | 83 wrote:
           | Because while the FOD might not be an immediate problem, it
           | could bounce around and get caught in a mechanical linkage
           | causing a fatal crash, could be rubbing against wires causing
           | a fatal crash, could start on fire (if it has lithium
           | battery) causing a fatal crash, could cause a huge delay when
           | maintenance finds a random part bouncing around later on and
           | they don't know what it's from... you get the idea.
        
             | ta123456789 wrote:
             | I thought the question is not why this is a problem, but
             | rather why is it possible at all for a loose object to end
             | up in the depths of the AC to cause problems. Is there some
             | reason we cannot avoid this?
             | 
             | From a laymans perspective I think of a car, where dropping
             | something small while driving is unlikely to cause problems
             | in the machinery.
        
               | r3trohack3r wrote:
               | Depending on your definition of "small" this is not true.
               | I used to slide my flip flops off while driving until one
               | got wedged under the break pedal and prevented me from
               | breaking.
        
               | qotgalaxy wrote:
               | [dead]
        
               | bitwalker wrote:
               | Cars have a lot of trim/seals/insulation/carpeting to
               | reduce road noise and be aesthetically pleasing, and
               | military aircraft cockpits don't care about either of
               | those things, and are largely just a metal tube with
               | racks on which all of the avionics and other cockpit
               | equipment are mounted, with holes in a handful of places
               | where wiring harnesses enter/exit the cockpit. All of
               | that equipment is regularly worked on, removed/replaced,
               | and so it is necessary that it be (relatively) easy to
               | access and remove.
               | 
               | The equivalent would be like if you had to pull all of
               | the instruments, electronics, and seats out of your car
               | every 1000 miles, clean them up, replace faulty bits, and
               | then put it all back again. All of the fancy trim,
               | carpeting, etc., just makes that job harder, so you would
               | probably want a car that doesn't have any of that, and is
               | designed to make doing that kind of work easier, better
               | still if you can avoid having to remove everything, and
               | only have to remove the bits individually that need to be
               | maintained. The down side of course, is that without all
               | of the fancy trim and stuff, there would be gaps where
               | things could fall and be hard to reach, and holes where
               | wiring travels to the engine compartment/trunk/etc. Of
               | course, FOD presents way less of a danger in a car than
               | it does an aircraft, so you might not care if you drop
               | something there, but aside from that, I think the analogy
               | holds up.
        
               | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
               | Well, for starters, cars are designed to only travel in
               | two dimensions, so that limits the problem quite a bit.
        
           | maushu wrote:
           | Because the missing device might cause something similar to
           | this crash but instead with a internal mechanism. You really
           | don't want loose stuff around moving mechanisms.
        
         | sph wrote:
         | FOD? EFB? Any explanation of these acronyms for people outside
         | the US military?
        
           | fullstop wrote:
           | FOD = Foreign Object Debris
           | 
           | EFB = Electronic Flight ~Book~ Bag
           | 
           | edit: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_flight_bag
           | 
           | It's bag, not book.
        
             | foobarbecue wrote:
             | The article says the B in EFB is "bag." Seemed strange to
             | me, but I'm not familiar with the term. Do you think the
             | article got it wrong?
        
               | PlatinumHarp wrote:
               | No it's not wrong. The EFB replaces the contents of a
               | traditional physical flight bag: binders full of charts,
               | manuals for the plane, Airline documentation etc.
        
               | theolivenbaum wrote:
               | It used to be an actual bag full of paper
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_bag
        
               | fullstop wrote:
               | I could be wrong, for sure.
        
               | modernerd wrote:
               | > The EFB gets its name from the traditional pilot's
               | flight bag, which is typically a heavy (up to or over 18
               | kg or 40 lb) documents bag that pilots carry to the
               | cockpit.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_flight_bag
        
               | theolivenbaum wrote:
               | It used to be an actual bag full of paper:
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_bag
        
           | 0ct4via wrote:
           | Neither of these terms are unique to the US, or the military,
           | or indeed the US military specifically.
           | 
           | FOD = foreign object debris... basically anything loose that
           | can end up somewhere it doesn't and cause Foreign Object
           | Damage - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_object_damage
           | 
           | EFB = electronic flight bag ... basically using
           | screens/displays (and more recently, the likes of iPads
           | issued to Students / Flight Officers/ Pilots) which carry
           | things like aircraft manuals, checklists, airport procedures,
           | airport and aerodrome diagrams, etc. -- so called because
           | they're designed to replace the "flight bag" that could be
           | filled with over half a dozen (or more)heavy, chunky-as-heck
           | books and binders containing the same information in paper
           | form.
           | 
           | This becomes especially relevant when commercial aviation
           | requires flight deck personnel to carry significant amounts
           | of information like that with them, like train drivers can
           | also have to do (rule books, locomotive / rolling stock
           | manuals, track/depot diagrams, etc.)
           | 
           | Again, not remotely limited to the US military, or to the US
           | or military in general -- these terms are common for those in
           | aviation :)
        
             | 0ct4via wrote:
             | In-cabin FOD can be things like loose pens (or even just
             | pen lids/caps), iPads/books, etc. - which is why there are
             | generally rules (admittedly more in the military, because
             | they like that sort of thing) about ensuring things either
             | meet certain FOD requirements/regulations (i.e. pens with
             | screw-on caps, fitted in specific pen pockets, rather than
             | one with a cap that could slide off, loose in a regular
             | pocket), so ensure they don't end up interfering or
             | blocking controls, etc.
             | 
             | As for outside the aircraft, FOD can cover anything from
             | loose rubber / screws, etc. on the runway that could end up
             | damaging the tires or being taken through the engines, to
             | in-flight FOD risks like bird strikes and volcanic ash -
             | which obviously are also foreign objects that risk damage
             | to the aircraft.
        
           | dopamean wrote:
           | FWIW these are aviation terms not military.
        
           | foobarbecue wrote:
           | FOD is foreign object debris. EFB, "electronic flight bag" is
           | discussed in the article.
        
           | kunwon1 wrote:
           | FOD = Foreign Objects and Debris EFB = Electronic Flight Bag.
           | A flight bag, traditionally, contains charts and checklists.
           | EFB means you have a device that contains those documents
           | 
           | 20 years ago, I was an avionics technician on F-16 fighter
           | jets in the USAF. We had 'FOD Walks' daily, which involved
           | slowly walking down the flightline while staring at the
           | ground, and picking up any loose objects
           | 
           | Even a tiny object, when ingested into a jet engine, can
           | cause catastrophic damage. And F-16s have intakes very low to
           | the ground, making them a much higher FOD risk.
           | 
           | The worst FOD events were when something broke. We used bit
           | drivers to remove aircraft panels, and the bits were fairly
           | standard screwdriver bits. Sometimes, one of those bits would
           | shatter when applying force to remove a stubborn fastener. If
           | that happens, you have to retrieve every single piece of
           | metal. If you return your toolbox at the end of the day and
           | it is missing anything that can't be accounted for, the
           | entire flightline could be shut down while a search is
           | carried out.
           | 
           | Dropping things in the cockpit could sometimes be much worse.
           | If it drops down into a void left by removing a control
           | panel, then it could potentially fall to the 'bottom' of the
           | aircraft. If that happens, you'll be taking off all the
           | panels in that vicinity, you'll have multiple people looking
           | with flashlights, borescopes, etc.
           | 
           | If something is dropped but can't be found, that's probably a
           | multi-day event that will involve some fairly high ranking
           | people.
           | 
           | FOD was considered a serious threat, and a tiny piece of
           | metal broken off of a tool could hinder operations for days
           | at a time
        
             | dredmorbius wrote:
             | A reminder that the fatal crash of Air France Flight 4590,
             | Concorde on takeoff from Charles de Gaulle airport, France,
             | in 2000 was due to tire debris on the runway:
             | 
             |  _While taking off from Charles de Gaulle Airport, the
             | aircraft ran over debris on the runway, causing a tyre to
             | explode and disintegrate. Tyre fragments, launched upwards
             | at great speed by the rapidly spinning wheel, violently
             | struck the underside of the wing, damaging parts of the
             | landing gear - thus preventing its retraction - and causing
             | the integral fuel tank to rupture. Large amounts of fuel
             | leaking from the rupture ignited, causing a loss of thrust
             | in the left-hand-side engines 1 and 2. The aircraft lifted
             | off, but the loss of thrust, high drag from the extended
             | landing gear, and fire damage to the flight controls made
             | it impossible to maintain control. The jet crashed into a
             | hotel in nearby Gonesse two minutes after takeoff. All nine
             | crew and 100 passengers on board were killed, as well as
             | four people in the hotel. Six other people in the hotel
             | were critically injured._
             | 
             | <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_France_Flight_4590>
             | 
             | The debris was a metal strip "435 millimetres (17.1 in)
             | long, 29 to 34 millimetres (1.1 to 1.3 in) wide, and 1.4
             | millimetres (0.055 in) thick", which had detached from a
             | DC-10 which had taken off five minutes prior to the
             | Concorde.
        
               | kunwon1 wrote:
               | It is my understanding that, after the loss of the
               | Concorde, one of the resultant advisories mentioned an
               | automated FOD detection system, which did not exist at
               | the time. There are now multiple companies selling such
               | systems, using radar and optical sensors, and the FAA has
               | advisories related to same [1] (pdf link)
               | 
               | The best possible outcome from a fatal crash is
               | regulation that will prevent similar accidents in the
               | future. I don't think automatic FOD detection is
               | mandatory (at least, I can't find any evidence of a
               | mandate) - but I assume that it will eventually be
               | mandated, as costs come down.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.faa.gov/documentLibrary/media/Advisory_Ci
               | rcular/...
        
           | pmarreck wrote:
           | FOD = Foreign Object Damage, or in general, any object that
           | could become a projectile when behind a jet or inhaled into
           | it when in front of one.
           | 
           | EFB is actually defined in the article
        
           | guestbest wrote:
           | Funny thing is that these terms are just as familiar outside
           | the air wing of the military as civilian aviation. If you
           | used these terms with infantry, they'd just look blankly at
           | you.
        
           | black6 wrote:
           | Foreign Object (Debris|Damage)
           | 
           | Electronic Flight Book
        
           | d1sxeyes wrote:
           | Foreign Object Debris (shit that's not supposed be there) and
           | Electronic Flight Bag (an iPad or some other type of device
           | which replaces paperwork)
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | Reminds me that it happens quite often that e.g. a water bottle
       | or a jar of apple sauce gets lodged under the brake pedal of a
       | car.
        
       | blantonl wrote:
       | EFB (Electronic Flight Bags) have introduced all kinds of
       | usability issues with aircraft that pilots must account for, and
       | not just for mechanical reasons. Objects getting jammed into
       | flight controls isn't an ipad phenomenon - clipboards, water
       | bottles, etc all have contributed to mishaps.
       | 
       | One major issue with EFBs is many pilots extensive reliance on
       | them for navigation and traffic avoidance, and their failure in
       | flight since they are commercial off the shelf products. A very
       | common issue during the summer months is for an iPad to very
       | easily overheat and just shut down. Another is battery life.
       | iPads are consumer electronic devices and aren't held to even a
       | semblance of tolerances that aircraft avionics are held to, but
       | they are relied upon as critial tools in flight now.
       | 
       | I've directly seen instances of aircraft that have violated
       | airspace, gotten lost, and other issues that contribute just one
       | more hole to the "swiss cheese" model of a catastrophic loss.
        
         | bredren wrote:
         | The ill-fated submersible Titan has been routed for its use of
         | consumer grade hardware in displays and controls. I doubt it's
         | the only vessel to rely on this class of electronics.
         | 
         | I wonder what it means that despite the risks involved these
         | products continue to make it into mission critical workflows at
         | sea and air.
        
           | legitster wrote:
           | On the USS Indiana you can seem them proudly highlighting the
           | US of an Xbox controller: https://youtu.be/0StWrXoN8nI?t=509
           | (Also note the insane amount of screens in the control room).
           | 
           | But highlighting the gamepad on the Titan seems like more of
           | a "gotcha" that journalists have latched onto than a
           | legitimate concern. It almost certainly didn't fail because
           | of consumer grade hardware - it failed because of poor
           | engineering of its hull.
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | Using a witeless gamepad as the primary maneuvering
             | controls of a manned undersea vessel without an onboard
             | backup is one (of very many) indications of reckless corner
             | cutting, but, yes, not particularly likely the critical
             | failure point.
        
           | Clamchop wrote:
           | The Titan had multiple failsafes to drop ballast and return
           | to the surface under its own buoyancy. One such failsafe was
           | time-delayed by material corrosion in seawater so it would
           | eventually ascend without intervention.
           | 
           | The cabin electronics weren't essential to its safety. The
           | hull might have been, though. Hard to say.
        
           | chx wrote:
           | Come now, the Titan should never have been built, the primary
           | cause of loss was the carbon fiber laminate which is simply
           | the wrong material for a submersible. This is not hindsight,
           | there's a five year old terse answer on Quora of all places
           | stating this: https://www.quora.com/Is-it-feasible-to-build-
           | submarine-hull... and again three years ago
           | https://www.quora.com/Why-isnt-the-military-navy-using-
           | carbo...
           | 
           | > Carbon fiber's compression strength is poor. Its shear
           | strength is low. It doesn't dent; it either splinters or
           | returns to shape and hides severe damage in the laminate.
        
         | kayfox wrote:
         | There are stories of maintenance going behind the instrument
         | panels in airliners and finding all sorts of lost paperwork.
        
         | mfkp wrote:
         | My ipad shut down today on the ground while taking off due to
         | extreme heat. Luckily I'm not an idiot and have backups in the
         | cockpit.
        
       | latchkey wrote:
       | It could have been a book, an ipad, a phone, camera, anything
       | really... I wonder if the general design could be changed to help
       | prevent anything from falling between the pedal and the wall...
        
         | CodeWriter23 wrote:
         | I think it would be SOP to have all objects mounted or
         | restrained in a helicopter cockpit.
        
         | unilynx wrote:
         | But if you know there's always going to be an iPad around the
         | cockpit, you can advise the pilots to have a fixed method of
         | securing it
         | 
         | Of course there's always something else that can go wrong, but
         | a big part of why flying is so safe today is that they've gone
         | through a lot of trouble to enumerate and mitigate everything
         | that has gone wrong in the past
        
           | Etrnl_President wrote:
           | A lanyard securing it to airframe or wrist, with a quick-
           | disconnect in case of entanglement?
        
             | alistairSH wrote:
             | It common to use a "kneeboard"[1] to secure an EFB to the
             | pilot's thigh. I'm surprised it's not standard practice and
             | that a loose EFB is ever acceptable.
             | 
             | 1 - https://www.67d.com/cdn/shop/files/KneeboardwithiPad11P
             | ro-22...
        
               | kgilpin wrote:
               | Some people don't like knee boards because you have to
               | move your head up-down-up-down to use it, and that can be
               | disorienting, especially in poor visibility conditions
               | (when external visual references are minimal). There are
               | other types of mounts available, such as suction mounts,
               | that mount the device closer to eye level, but while
               | robust these are not as secure as built-in equipment. The
               | overheat problem is real as well, but having your iPad
               | shut down in flight is nowhere near as big a deal as
               | having it jam in the rudder pedals.
               | 
               | Further reading: https://airfactsjournal.com/2018/10/how-
               | spatial-disorientati...
        
               | nsxwolf wrote:
               | When I used to fly (pre-iPad) I used a kneeboard for my
               | paper charts, pencils, etc. Great to know that everything
               | is right there and isn't falling on the floor.
        
         | nntwozz wrote:
         | Maybe Apple Vision Pro (sometime in the future)?
        
           | Someone wrote:
           | The pilot could drop its battery pack.
           | 
           | Also, if the battery pack were to come loose or the device
           | would loose power in another way, I guess the pilot would
           | rapidly take it off without much regard for where it ends up.
           | 
           | And of course, it would require a specialized version, as the
           | pilot was already wearing a flight helmet.
        
           | buildbot wrote:
           | The military version of this is basically the F35 helmet:
           | https://www.radiantvisionsystems.com/blog/worlds-most-
           | advanc...
        
         | rolph wrote:
         | in an aircraft, its best to minimize the number and type of
         | unsecured items.
         | 
         | its all relative, if the vehicle shifts place in the air
         | relative to momentum, loose things get tossed around in the
         | cabin/the cabin gets tossed around against loose items.
         | 
         | this was exacerbated by the tight cabinspace, and probably
         | about a half second to get the obstruction out. i used to see a
         | lot of something like, a beverage bottle, or a coffee mug, roll
         | up under the pedals of a vehicle, after falling out of the
         | beverage holder.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | simias wrote:
         | My software dev mind went elsewhere, I wonder if the long term
         | solution might not be to make all these controls inputs to some
         | computer ("fly-by-wire") that could be toggled to some failsafe
         | mode if the physical devices jam somehow. You could decouple
         | the pilot's inputs from the copilot for instance.
         | 
         | Of course as we've seen in the past that can introduce its own
         | issues, for instance during the AF447 crash:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_France_Flight_447
         | 
         | >Confused, Bonin exclaimed, "I don't have control of the
         | airplane any more now", and two seconds later, "I don't have
         | control of the airplane at all!" Robert responded to this by
         | saying, "controls to the left", and took over control of the
         | aircraft. He pushed his side-stick forward to lower the nose
         | and recover from the stall; however, Bonin was still pulling
         | his side-stick back. The inputs cancelled each other out and
         | triggered an audible "dual input" warning.
        
           | nerdponx wrote:
           | This story is horrifying, but it seems more like catastrophic
           | pilot error than a problem with the fly by wire system.
        
             | Mawr wrote:
             | Unless the plan is to remove pilots altogether, this line
             | of thinking is just going to lead to more incidents.
             | 
             | See https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36725176
        
           | Mawr wrote:
           | Ah, the dual input nonsense, see my other comment on just
           | that: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36729484.
           | 
           | Here's the dual-input moment of this crash:
           | https://youtu.be/e5AGHEUxLME?t=2876
        
         | andrewstuart2 wrote:
         | The fact that it was an ipad and not a book probably
         | contributed to the fact that they could identify the gouge
         | marks. If it was a book this might still be more of a mystery.
         | The takeaway in the last paragraph seems to be a good one:
         | 
         | > "Hopefully this accident will prompt operators to have a long
         | hard look at all possible loose articles in cockpits and
         | robustly securing valuable tools and sources of situational
         | awareness like EFBs," he told Vertical by email.
         | 
         | My understanding is that iPads are super popular for pilots,
         | especially of non-commercial jets, because at the price point,
         | plus buying a few apps, the experience and utility is pretty
         | unmached. Aviation-grade equipment is super expensive because
         | it goes through many regulatory hurdles which are,
         | unfortunately, written in blood as this one might be. But I
         | would hope to see regulators, if they do something, take a
         | pragmatic and balanced approach given the benefits of
         | accessible electronics.
        
           | pc86 wrote:
           | I think it's unlikely that there be any additional
           | regulations from this, especially in the Part 91 / GA arena
           | (which this flight was not), but I've been surprised before.
        
           | greensoap wrote:
           | Everyone in aviation is moving to electronic flight bags.
           | Military, commercial, non-commercial. The US Airforce moved
           | to iPads 10 years ago -- https://www.zdnet.com/article/u-s-
           | air-force-plans-50m-saving...
        
           | dghlsakjg wrote:
           | I think some airlines are now requiring iPads for their
           | pilots since it can replace all of the paper manuals and
           | charts that need to be in the cockpit[1].
           | 
           | [1]https://www.engadget.com/2013-06-24-ipad-now-being-used-
           | in-e...
        
             | kayodelycaon wrote:
             | Minor clarification as I was initially confused: The
             | airline provides the iPads. Pilots aren't allowed to use
             | their personal devices.
        
           | xp84 wrote:
           | It seems like if there's a device important enough to warrant
           | being in the cockpit, it ought to be secured semi-permanently
           | to a purpose-built mount while the aircraft is in motion.
           | 
           | > take a pragmatic and balanced approach given the benefits
           | of accessible electronics
           | 
           | A very solid ProClipUSA mount for an iPad can be had for
           | under $200, so assuming a 3x multiplier for regulatory
           | certification, I don't think that requirement would make
           | anything less accessible. I hope that devices flopping about
           | the cockpit like this is a practice that will be phased out.
        
             | alistairSH wrote:
             | One of the advantages of an EFB is its portability. The
             | pilot can load/edit plans prior to boarding.
             | 
             | But, yeah, either kneeboard[1] or "RAM" mount should at
             | least be standard practice if not required. And removing
             | the EFB from the mount once airborne should not be standard
             | or allowed.
             | 
             | 1 - https://www.67d.com/cdn/shop/files/KneeboardwithiPad11P
             | ro-22...
        
       | steve76 wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | nier wrote:
       | Both sets of pedals are of course linked so that the second pilot
       | could never have brought the helicopter out of this predicament.
       | Would an input monitoring and control system like on large
       | airplanes have avoided the crash?
       | 
       | There's an answer [0] on Quora that describes helicopter
       | instructors having to deal with students frozen out of fear and
       | wrestling for control of the inputs. Nightmare.
       | 
       | [0]: https://www.quora.com/What-happens-if-the-pilot-and-
       | copilot-...
        
         | Mawr wrote:
         | > Would an input monitoring and control system like on large
         | airplanes have avoided the crash?
         | 
         | Not at all, for example Airbus aircraft "helpfully" average out
         | the inputs. There's a dual input warning, but warnings are weak
         | at preventing accidents.
         | 
         | Some instances where the awful UX around the handling of dual
         | input by aircraft contributed to incidents:
         | 
         | - https://youtu.be/6tIVu0Dpc2o?t=1754
         | 
         | - https://youtu.be/V2mMs-h4qGE?t=949
         | 
         | - https://youtu.be/Dl-Fl66Jfao?t=977
         | 
         | - https://youtu.be/tXGET4-N9FA?t=983
         | 
         | - https://youtu.be/e5AGHEUxLME?t=2259 &
         | https://youtu.be/e5AGHEUxLME?t=2876
         | 
         | IMO, this is a critical design flaw with all current aircraft
         | that should be addressed ASAP but what do I know :)
        
       | wpietri wrote:
       | For anybody that liked the style of this sort of analysis, let me
       | strongly recommend Dekker's "Field Guide to Understanding 'Human
       | Error'": https://www.amazon.com/Field-Guide-Understanding-Human-
       | Error...
       | 
       | It focuses on air crash investigations. But it's very useful to
       | tech people in understanding the right way to approach incident
       | investigations. It can be very easy to blame individuals ("stupid
       | pilot shouldn't have dropped his iPad", etc), but that focus
       | prevents improving safety over the long term. Dekker's book is a
       | great argument for, as here, thinking about what actually
       | happened and why as a systemic thing. Which provides much more
       | fertile ground for making sure it doesn't happen again.
        
         | teachrdan wrote:
         | The "Accidents in North American Climbing" series is a great
         | intro to this style of analysis, too. A number of compelling,
         | short accounts, usually with actionable analysis at the end.
         | You get the added bonus of learning new things, like what an
         | "air hammer" is, and how getting knocked out of your tent by
         | one can help save you from an avalanche.
         | 
         | https://www.amazon.com/Accidents-North-American-Climbing-202...
        
       | elicash wrote:
       | I know nothing about helicopters, but just from driving a car I'd
       | imagine there are a variety of ways the pedal can jam even
       | without something falling in that space. Does a helicopter have
       | an equivalent of shifting your car into neutral? (Which, given
       | you're in the air, might not be a good idea ha. But hopefully you
       | get my gist.)
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | The thing about helicopters is they are maintained to an insane
         | level from an outside perspective. Parts have lifespans where
         | you replace them when they're expired regardless of condition,
         | they go through intense inspections, pilots are experts. Things
         | tend to not just "jam".
         | 
         | There is a concept of disconnecting the engine from the rotors,
         | but it's not the kind of thing that happens accidentally.
        
         | alistairSH wrote:
         | The automobile equivalent would be something jamming your
         | steering wheel to one side - even if you decoupled the motor
         | from the rotor (and tried to auto-gyro to safety), the
         | helicopter would still be stuck in a sideways spiral.
        
           | jldugger wrote:
           | Yea, autogyro (which I only know about due to this vid[1])
           | sounds like the answer to OP's question, but that would not
           | (and clearly _did not) save this Chinook from what happened.
           | 
           | [1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eiTuwQGImNo
        
             | jaclaz wrote:
             | The autogyro is a type of airplane:
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autogyro
             | 
             | You mean autorotation, I believe:
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autorotation
        
               | jldugger wrote:
               | Ah, yea.
        
         | blantonl wrote:
         | _Does a helicopter have an equivalent of shifting your car into
         | neutral?_
         | 
         | There really isn't. A helicopter is a coupled collection of
         | parts and power that is working in concert to not immediately
         | return to the ground in a violent manner. And a helicopter's
         | power profile is also working in more dimensions than a car.
         | 
         | Each of the flight controls are critical components that work
         | together. You take one out of the equation and things
         | exponentially get more complex.
        
         | 4rt wrote:
         | An example often given (UK) is a drinks can being stuck under
         | the brake pedal.
        
       | Simulacra wrote:
       | I'm surprised they wouldn't have had that strapped to a thigh, or
       | mounted.
        
       | FullyFunctional wrote:
       | A former coworker had a bad car crash after his _cat_ jumped down
       | between his feet!
       | 
       | When I took driving lesson, my instructor painted a vivid picture
       | of the consequence of a crash while transporting heavy unsecured
       | objects behind me - that lesson has stayed with me for over 30
       | years.
        
       | Etrnl_President wrote:
       | Always check your equipment for F.O.D.
        
         | gpvos wrote:
         | FOD = Foreign Object Debris
        
           | dingaling wrote:
           | *Damage
           | 
           | The use of Debris is a recent corruption of the term,
           | apparently in an attempt to nounify the acronym.
           | 
           | It's also tautologous; if it's a foreign object then
           | implicitly it's debris.
        
             | kunwon1 wrote:
             | I learned the definition as 'Foreign Objects and Debris'
             | when I was trained in the USAF in 2001, but I recently read
             | an FAA document that used a different definition. I'm not
             | sure there is agreement on what this acronym actually
             | stands for.
        
       | pengaru wrote:
       | I've only flown RC helis, more like, attempted to fly them before
       | inevitably always crashing. At least whenever it was a full-blown
       | "collective pitch" model.
       | 
       | Can't imagine how mortifying it must have been to have any of the
       | controls jammed up like that. These things require constant
       | corrective inputs to remain airborne in anything resembling
       | stable flight. And close to the ground loading water from a
       | stream, with all that turbulence? Nightmare fuel.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | In the age of solid state gyros that's a lot easier now then it
         | was in the 80's.
        
           | pengaru wrote:
           | Does that relate better or worse to flying a Rotak Chinook?
        
             | jacquesm wrote:
             | That was one context switch too many.
        
       | FabHK wrote:
       | Somewhat related: An Icon A5 amphibious airplane [1] came down
       | [2] because the occupants left a bluetooth speaker on top which
       | hit the propeller upon take-off... You have to treat aircraft a
       | bit more carefully than cars. (No fatalities, fortunately.)
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICON_A5
       | 
       | [2] https://www.aviation-safety.net/wikibase/236728
        
       | exabrial wrote:
       | Reminds me of the time I helped fish a mechanical pencil out of
       | grand piano. It was dropped in _just_ the right spot that it
       | jammed the sustain pedal open, but was completely unreachable,
       | and the pianists sort of made the problem worse. Ended up using
       | some mountain bike tools to get it out ironically (Park Tool
       | IR-1.2).
       | 
       | It's very sad to see a tragedy like this caused by something so
       | simple :(
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | Eliane Rodrigues had something like that happen, she dealt with
         | it in the most graceful and hilarious way:
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VBbRTRBY4D4
        
         | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
         | There was some F1 driver a long time ago whose throttle jammed
         | just as he was about to enter a turn. It cleared up after
         | exiting, but now he realized that he could safely take that
         | turn at wide open throttle and went on to win the race.
        
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