[HN Gopher] Linoleic acid-good or bad for the brain? (2020)
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       Linoleic acid-good or bad for the brain? (2020)
        
       Author : whalesalad
       Score  : 40 points
       Date   : 2023-07-10 20:05 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nature.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nature.com)
        
       | kalupa wrote:
       | There is no "one quick trick" that will keep you healthy. It's a
       | whole plethora of habits and activities that make a difference,
       | not an individual one.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | slothtrop wrote:
       | Also see: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israeli_paradox
       | 
       | Incidentally it seems like sunflower, safflower and soybean oils
       | are way more common in packaged products now, higher in omega-6,
       | presumably as a sub for palm oil. Canola has a more ideal
       | composition among the common vegetable oils in packaged products.
        
         | LarsAlereon wrote:
         | One note is that most of the crops grown for seed oil are "high
         | oleic" varieties that produce a fat makeup more similar to
         | Canola oil than you'd previously see for those crops.
        
       | andy_ppp wrote:
       | From the conclusion: "In conclusion, this review presents
       | evidence that excess LA in the food supply might adversely affect
       | the brain. The potential benefit of LA lowering merits detailed
       | evaluation in well-designed and adequately-powered clinical
       | studies, to test whether this translates into tangible reductions
       | in the risk of neurodegenerative disorders and neurodevelopmental
       | abnormalities at a population level."
       | 
       | So eat more Omega 3 and not too much Soy Bean Oil... maybe. I do
       | wonder about diet just being another thing for people to argue
       | about on the Internet, we know so little about the interplay
       | between gut microbiome, food, genetics and health and doing
       | proper clinical trials (in humans) to have some certainty is
       | nearly impossible.
        
         | SubiculumCode wrote:
         | I'm pretty sure there is no way to thread the needle. The
         | center cannot hold. Nothing in excess is the best I can come up
         | with for longer-lasting health.
        
           | KarlKemp wrote:
           | "Eat food. Not too much. Mostly plants."
           | 
           | (https://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/28/magazine/28nutritionism.t
           | ...)
        
             | giantbanana wrote:
             | [dead]
        
         | eyko wrote:
         | Perhaps it's because English is not my first language, but I
         | find it confusing to read "this is evidence that .... might
         | ....". Isn't the purpose of evidence to prove a claim? If there
         | is no conclusive evidence, I would expect it to be phrased
         | along the lines of: "Preliminary evidence suggests that...
         | might...".
        
           | __blockcipher__ wrote:
           | The purpose of evidence is to provide support for a claim.
           | However in colloquial speech we generally speak of someone
           | having "evidence" of something when they have absolute proof.
        
         | jschveibinz wrote:
         | Here is something from Dr. M. Greger. He typically has good
         | research to back his articles:
         | 
         | https://nutritionfacts.org/question/what-would-you-suggest-a...
        
           | pinko wrote:
           | broken link... I think you meant:
           | https://nutritionfacts.org/questions/what-would-you-
           | suggest-...
        
             | jschveibinz wrote:
             | Thanks.
        
           | didgeoridoo wrote:
           | Greger is a vegan fundamentalist who ignores any evidence to
           | the contrary of his chosen vegan lifestyle. That's not
           | science. At all.
        
             | jschveibinz wrote:
             | I believe this is an exaggeration. I have no horse in this
             | race, but perhaps you are judging the person's work based
             | on his vegan advocacy rather than on the merit of the
             | research that he identifies.
        
         | ra wrote:
         | Any food that is disproportionately represented in our post
         | hunter-gatherer diet, especially processed food, must have an
         | element of "bad for you" in it.
         | 
         | Eat whole foods and maintain a level of exercise and don't
         | sweat the small stuff.
        
           | hammock wrote:
           | >Eat whole foods
           | 
           | Vegetable oil/soybean oil/canola oil/other refined oils is
           | not a whole food.
           | 
           | Unrefined olive oil, butter/ghee, lard etc is.
        
             | ta988 wrote:
             | ghee is refined butter and you could argue butter is
             | refined cream. Those definitions are all fuzzy and context-
             | dependant.
        
               | hammock wrote:
               | "Refined oil" has a specific documented definition, and
               | to be clear I'm talking about chemical refinement. See
               | here: https://youtu.be/Cfk2IXlZdbI
               | 
               | The distinction you are making is irrelevant and
               | trollsome
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | > "Refined oil" has a specific documented definition
               | 
               | Care to link it?
               | 
               | > and to be clear I'm talking about chemical refinement.
               | See here: https://youtu.be/Cfk2IXlZdbI
               | 
               | What makes it "chemical"? Does the refinement process
               | chemically alter the molecular structure of the lipid
               | molecules?
        
             | TheSpiceIsLife wrote:
             | Olive oil isn't a whole food. Neither is butter, ghee, nor
             | lard.
             | 
             | If you extract and concentrate some fraction of a food and
             | eat it disproportionately to what is present in the whole
             | product, you are by definition consuming a not-whole thing.
        
             | hombre_fatal wrote:
             | You can cold press canola oil. It's one of the best oils to
             | consume rivaling olive oil.
             | 
             | Though this is a good example of why the heuristic is
             | nonsense. When we replace saturated fats like your "whole
             | foods list" with pufas like canola oil and your "refined
             | list", we see human health outcomes improve.
             | 
             | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4744652/
        
           | morelisp wrote:
           | Any medicine that is disproportionately represented in our
           | post hunter-gatherer treatment plans, especially synthesized
           | chemicals, must have an element of "bad for you" in it.
           | 
           | Drink clean water and boil willow bark and don't sweat the
           | small stuff.
        
             | TheSpiceIsLife wrote:
             | Why should the general population increase their intact of
             | salicin via Willow Bark?
             | 
             | What kind of advice is that?
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | I think he's satirizing the parent poster, by copying his
               | logic and saying that we should eat willow bark rather
               | than taking aspirin pills.
        
             | darkerside wrote:
             | Well, yeah. There's a reason these drugs all have side
             | effects, and that the first principle of medicine is, Do No
             | Harm.
             | 
             | We have a long history of interventions leading to worse
             | outcomes. It's just sometimes those bad outcomes are worth
             | it by evading worse outcomes.
        
           | hombre_fatal wrote:
           | That doesn't make sense since we ate anything we could find
           | and evolution only selected for procreation, not for long
           | term health. The very things we ate for most of our history
           | could very well be bad for us long term, like increase our
           | cardiovascular disease risk.
           | 
           | I don't see why I would accept appeals to nature in favor of
           | the balance of our best evidence.
        
             | pengaru wrote:
             | Not if you consider parents tend to care for their
             | descendants -> healthier parents long-term will have more
             | successful descendants, probabilistically speaking.
             | 
             | ex: unfit parents won't be doing a great job of keeping
             | their children and/or grandchildren out of the mouths of
             | hyenas.
             | 
             | Note we're talking evolutionary time scales here, this is
             | hunter-gatherers in loin cloths on the savanna territory.
        
               | atkailash wrote:
               | [dead]
        
         | ericmcer wrote:
         | Things like this are so nit picky and nuanced it really isn't
         | worth caring about unless you are already doing everything else
         | right.
         | 
         | People ignore low hanging fruit in their quest for health, like
         | analyzing vegetable oils is pointless when you still eat tons
         | of sugar, don't sleep enough, don't exercise, drink too much,
         | etc.
        
           | whalesalad wrote:
           | there is low hanging fruit, sure, but a substantial amount of
           | our food - even things that you might assume are 'healthy' -
           | are loaded with these terrible oils.
           | autism/adhd/neurodivergence is skyrocketing, as-are late-
           | stage health problems like alzheimers and parkinsons. all of
           | this is pretty well correlated with the rise of our race-to-
           | the-bottom agricultural practices involving pesticides like
           | glyphosate and mass cultivation of crops for seed oils.
           | 
           | this should not be ignored.
        
           | hammock wrote:
           | >analyzing vegetable oils is pointless
           | 
           | On a personal scale perhaps. On a commercial scale though -
           | similar to what happened to trans fats - and given how much
           | vegetable oil is in processed food, a conclusive result could
           | have a monumental impact on the food supply
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | whalesalad wrote:
         | Sort this table by LA. Use/eat oils that have the lowest amount
         | possible.
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linoleic_acid#Dietary_sources
         | 
         | Coconut oil, Butter/Ghee, Olive Oil, Lard...
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | >Coconut oil, Butter/Ghee, Olive Oil, Lard...
           | 
           | The problem is that most of them (minus olive oil) are high
           | in saturated fats, which are also bad. Out of the frying pan,
           | into the fire.
        
             | whalesalad wrote:
             | nah, saturated fats are not bad. that is the myth big ag
             | wants you to believe.
             | 
             | people will often look at old photos and wax poetic about
             | how youthful and thin everyone was. why? they were eating
             | saturated fats and not seed oils.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | Are you confusing "fats" with "saturated fats"? Fats in
               | general might have been vindicated, but the evidence for
               | saturated fats being bad for you is still pretty
               | strong[1]. Feel free to provide any sources to the
               | contrary.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saturated_fat#Associati
               | on_with...
        
               | whalesalad wrote:
               | Anything that I say will be misconstrued as conspiracy
               | theory. Suffice to say this information is incorrect, and
               | there is a growing snowball of evidence to suggest so. I
               | for one do not trust the American Heart Association -
               | they are a bunch of crooks funded by lobbyists, big
               | agriculture and massive conglomerates. They got their
               | start helping Proctor and Gamble market Crisco (poison in
               | a tub) as being healthier than animal fats. In the 60s
               | they got in bed with the tobacco industry to prove that
               | cigarettes were not bad for you. A lot of the "studies"
               | we have right now which paint saturated fats in a bad
               | light are not true to the mission of science.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >Suffice to say this information is incorrect, and there
               | is a growing snowball of evidence to suggest so.
               | 
               | Can you present some examples of this "growing snowball
               | of evidence"?
               | 
               | >A lot of the "studies" we have right now which paint
               | saturated fats in a bad light are not true to the mission
               | of science.
               | 
               | What makes you think that? Is it just based on
               | funding/affiliations alone? Or do you have specific
               | methodological concerns about the studies that they use,
               | that your studies don't have?
        
         | BobbyJo wrote:
         | 100% agree.
         | 
         | The more specific you get about a diet, the more specific you
         | need to get about the person eating it. So long as most dietary
         | advice is designed and tested at population scale, it's going
         | to be fuzzy and inconclusive.
         | 
         | Even the most basic advice we can give today comes with
         | asterisks.
        
       | csdvrx wrote:
       | I've read it can leech mercury from silver fillings, resulting in
       | brain toxicity (the "amalgalm disease" IIRC).
       | 
       | Is there any truth to that?
        
       | extr wrote:
       | For anyone who is confused at the significance here, I looked
       | into the whole "Seed oils = bad" thing the other day and this
       | claim was at the heart of it (no pun intended). Basically the
       | idea that seed oils usually contain higher levels of linoleic
       | acid, and butter does not, and therefore tl;dr excess
       | butter/animal fat is not bad for you and does not cause heart
       | disease in the way that people think it does. You can see a list
       | of fats ranked by LA content here: https://www.news-
       | medical.net/health/Oils-Rich-in-Linoleic-Ac...
       | 
       | Not saying this is correct or anything, just providing the
       | missing context for anyone asking why Linoleic Acid is in a
       | headline.
        
         | jschveibinz wrote:
         | Thanks. There are oil/fat wars going on in research to protect
         | billion dollar industries, so this is not surprising. A better
         | and more helpful headline would be "whole foods are healthier
         | than processed foods." But everyone knows that already.
        
           | hombre_fatal wrote:
           | That is a good heuristic, but the hard part for people is
           | evaluating foods at the periphery of that heuristic like
           | chocolate and tofu and nut milk and canola oil which improve
           | human health outcomes.
           | 
           | That said, and I'll quickly grant: most people in the west
           | aren't making the mistake, say, eating too much seitan and
           | nut milks and unsweetened 80% chocolate (all processed
           | foods), so I won't nitpick too much.
        
       | stevebmark wrote:
       | This seems likely a garbage-y study. It's a narrative study, not
       | even a meta-analysis, so it's more of proposing a hypothesis
       | rather than stating a fact. The current science shows that seed
       | oils, and omega 6 (aka linoleic acid) fatty acids, are either
       | benign or healthy. There was a very popular hypothesis that the
       | omega 6 to 3 ratio was important for health, popularized in the
       | early 2000's and getting revived now by counter-culture nonsense
       | people, but the science has not backed that case up.
       | 
       | They study they link to citing neuro-development issues is
       | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28420388/ - which is based on a
       | food intake survey, and it's not a controlled study, it's looking
       | at cohorts from another study. All they checked for was linoleic
       | acid intake, and unless you're specifically checking for food
       | source, this usually means it comes from processed food, which is
       | more likely the culprit than the 6 to 3 fatty acid ratio.
       | 
       | There is no known effect of seed oil / omega 6 intake on
       | inflammation, which is shown in quite a few controlled studies.
       | Seed oil intake replacing saturated fat intake has also been
       | shown to significantly reduce CVD outcomes.
        
         | rogers12 wrote:
         | I think you should try eating three teaspoons of heart-healthy
         | canola oil with breakfast and document the results to dunk on
         | garbage science peddlers.
        
           | stevebmark wrote:
           | This is a very good example of the type of revival I'm
           | talking about! There is lots of emotion in this space, which
           | dominates the discussion over science.
        
             | rogers12 wrote:
             | Yes, exactly! Science is a fantastic way to discover truths
             | about reality and apply them to your own life. For example,
             | putting 15 grams of canola oil in your daily breakfast
             | cereal.
        
       | jonnycomputer wrote:
       | What quantities are we talking about? A daily serving of tofu, or
       | ???
        
         | frankus wrote:
         | About two tablespoons of store-bought ranch dressing will put
         | you at the 2% number that the article suggests as the high end
         | of preindustrial intake.
         | 
         | (11g of unsaturated fat in 2 tablespoons of Hidden Valley
         | Ranch, assume soybean oil because it's cheaper, which is ~50%
         | LA, so about 50 calories, which is 2% of a 2500-calorie/day
         | diet)
        
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