[HN Gopher] Refurb weekend(s): Commodore/MOS KIM-1
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       Refurb weekend(s): Commodore/MOS KIM-1
        
       Author : zdw
       Score  : 42 points
       Date   : 2023-07-08 14:38 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (oldvcr.blogspot.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (oldvcr.blogspot.com)
        
       | JKCalhoun wrote:
       | Fortunately there are a number of KIM-1 replicas for someone
       | wanting to play with an early 8-bit computer but either don't
       | want to pay the high price for an original or don't want to end
       | up worrying about restoration of an artifact like this guy, ha
       | ha.
       | 
       | I have built two replicas now, the most recent was the PAL-1 [1]
       | kit. I also built one from Briel Computers some time ago but his
       | business appears to have disappeared.
       | 
       | The nice thing about the KIM-1 replicas/clones, as opposed to
       | some of the Arduino or Raspberry Pi based ... emulators? .., is
       | of course the real 6502 chip as the CPU.
       | 
       | Also nice about the KIM-1 in general is that the six 7-segment
       | LED displays give you both the address and data at that address
       | at once (and in hexadecimal). Other early 8-bit machines of
       | course displayed data in binary (via das blinkenlights).
       | 
       | (Another clone that looked to be outstanding was made by Corsham
       | Technologies. Sadly the man behind the clone died just a month
       | ago and so those machines have also stopped production.)
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://www.tindie.com/products/tkoak/pal-1-a-mos-6502-power...
       | 
       | [2] https://www.corshamtech.com/product/kim-clone/
        
         | classichasclass wrote:
         | (author) Bob's replica unit looked really cool but I never got
         | around to picking one up before his untimely death. It's always
         | nerve-wracking working on a museum piece but this one is very
         | special to me.
        
           | jgrahamc wrote:
           | Yes, his death is so sad. I wanted to get one of his KIM-1
           | I/O boards. RIP.
        
       | jacquesm wrote:
       | The KIM-1 was one of my very first machines, I faithfully lugged
       | it with me across many moves and one day it just disappeared. I
       | still have faint hope that it's somewhere in one of my (too) many
       | storage boxes but I suspect it just got lost. Really a pity
       | because they are becoming more and more rare.
       | 
       | Nice to see this one restored to its full glory. Trying to
       | explain to my kids that once upon a time the full working memory
       | of my computer was a very small fraction of one of the photos
       | they share online was a fun experience.
       | 
       | Note the gorgeous very high quality circuit board.
       | 
       | As for the article: I'm not particularly impressed with the
       | workmanship, as a kid I'd repair boards of this and higher
       | complexity regularly and lifting traces and cutting traces while
       | doing such a simple repair would not normally happen to me. One
       | way to do better would be to use a good quality rework iron with
       | a vacuum pump. Not cheap but if you work on old and nice hole
       | through stuff like this well worth the investment. Otherwise you
       | end up overheating the board. A repair should look more or less
       | as if the board wasn't touched, apart from maybe the gloss on the
       | solder. And make sure to use 63/37 'old fashioned' solder.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | classichasclass wrote:
         | (author) Hey now, not all of us are adept at this. I appreciate
         | the tips but we all start somewhere. I was particularly
         | motivated on this one because it's a relatively simple machine
         | that's special to me and I should be able to maintain it.
        
           | jacquesm wrote:
           | Hey there, yes, I'm happy you managed to fix it. But you
           | probably would have done a much better job by first
           | practicing IC removal on a bunch of older boards, by the time
           | you can do that with your eyes closed you can practice on the
           | heirlooms ;)
           | 
           | Of course it's yours and you're absolutely within your rights
           | to work on it and your analysis of what was wrong was spot on
           | (and very impressive). But these are getting rare.
           | 
           | I wonder what caused the chip to fail, once in the circuit
           | they are normally quite solid. Keep 'm rolling ;)
        
             | classichasclass wrote:
             | I appreciate that. Everything is a learning experience.
             | 
             | I'm told that RAM is a common failure on KIMs, though this
             | was the first one I've personally experienced with my own
             | set.
        
               | jacquesm wrote:
               | On mine the LM565 chip had gone, as well as a diode, when
               | I got it from a guy in Almere who worked at the same bank
               | where I worked. That's also the only one that I ever came
               | across here in Europe, there can't have been that many
               | here. I really should make an effort to see if I can find
               | it again.
               | 
               | And yes, everything is a learning experience, I'm pretty
               | sure you'd have a much easier time of it if you did it
               | again. Please do consider getting a proper rework kit,
               | it's well worth it if you're going to do this sort of
               | thing regularly. And in a strange way those skills are
               | getting more valuable again, fewer and fewer people
               | around that can repair vintage stuff. One of my 'side
               | projects' is restoring vintage DX-7's, they're fun to
               | work on and there are enough of them around that even if
               | you buy one that seems to be total junk you'll be able to
               | get another one going and have parts left over.
        
         | skipkey wrote:
         | It was the first thing I learned to program on. My father went
         | to a conference where they gave him one as swag, and he gave it
         | to my older brother and me. I was, I think, seven years old or
         | so.
         | 
         | Writing code that we hand assembled taught me a lot. It's
         | probably still in a box at my folks place somewhere in the
         | garage.
        
         | vertnerd wrote:
         | I "lost" mine in a move about 40 years ago. I have been in
         | mourning ever since.
        
       | jgrahamc wrote:
       | I own an original KIM-1 (that shipped on July 27, 1976; revision
       | A, ceramic 6502/6530). See https://imgur.com/a/iCClwCb It works
       | flawlessly. I actually did some programming of the KIM-1 in the
       | mid-1980s for industrial control:
       | https://blog.jgc.org/2013/04/how-i-coded-in-1985.html
        
         | classichasclass wrote:
         | That looks nearly identical to my own Rev A. The one I have the
         | prior owner built a small plywood and acrylic enclosure for.
         | It's the original enclosures for these things that their
         | original owners built that really give them personality, like
         | this suitcase unit.
         | 
         | The oldest KIM I'm personally aware of is a original (i.e.,
         | pre-Rev A) with a 6502 that still has the ROR bug. I should ask
         | its owner what the date codes on that are.
        
           | jgrahamc wrote:
           | Interesting. I should write some code for mine and check for
           | that bug. I assume it was fixed by the time this shipped (my
           | CPU is week 21 of 1976). I have an acrylic case for mine to
           | protect it.
        
             | classichasclass wrote:
             | You might indeed have one with a bad ROR. My MOS
             | documentation for the time says ROR would be "available"
             | after "June, 1976." The Rev A here is 30th week 1976 and
             | does not have the bug.
        
       | metadat wrote:
       | Why would one choose to work with a bare computer board atop a
       | layer of tinfoil like this?
       | 
       | https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj...
       | 
       | Perhaps the tinfoil was clipped to a ground? Would it then be
       | protected from static shocks and other invisible (to the naked
       | eye) damage?
       | 
       | Historically I've used flattened cardboard outside on top of a
       | brick patio, and ensured I touch a grounded circuit before e.g.
       | replacing capacitors. No e-deaths due to static yet, though my
       | equipment is nearly all from ~circa 1999 or newer, and I believe
       | newer equipment typically incorporates some static protections
       | into designs.
       | 
       | TFA's PCB layout connections are so flowy and beautiful, they
       | remind me of a past HN submission about rounded PCB circuit
       | wiring: "Melting KiCad"
       | https://mitxela.com/projects/melting_kicad /
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31108652
       | 
       | p.s. this is an amazing writeup, thank you to the OP for
       | submitting and to the author for taking the time and care.
       | Really, really cool. This reminds me a bit of a Ken Sherriff
       | analysis https://righto.com (!) <3
        
         | classichasclass wrote:
         | (author) Thanks! No special reason for the foil other than
         | being a convenient heat resistant shield that can be disposed
         | of so I'm not scattering solder bits around the back room.
        
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       (page generated 2023-07-09 23:01 UTC)