[HN Gopher] Ubuntu Plans to Ditch Its 'Minimal' Install Option
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       Ubuntu Plans to Ditch Its 'Minimal' Install Option
        
       Author : mariuz
       Score  : 35 points
       Date   : 2023-07-06 20:08 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.omgubuntu.co.uk)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.omgubuntu.co.uk)
        
       | e8gy3 wrote:
       | Hi all I'm Tim the Director of Engineering for the Ubuntu
       | Desktop. I think the headline here may have embellished my
       | original post, so if you're interested, you can find it here [1].
       | 
       | Ubuntu is (almost) 20 years young! As I am sure you can
       | appreciate that means a long history of technical changes. We're
       | looking to modernise the desktop. We started with 23.04 when we
       | moved from Ubiquity to Subiquity, the Ubuntu Server installer,
       | unifying our tech stack to create a more coherent installation
       | experience across Ubuntu Server and Desktop. We also moved the
       | installer UI from GTK to Flutter to make iterating the interface
       | much easier (Flutter tooling is excellent).
       | 
       | Still, we need to be bolder. In fact we shouldn't be talking
       | about the installer nearly so much; it's a tool not the
       | destination. I want to improve the installation through the first
       | boot experience so we can move onto more interesting things.
       | We're exploring a range of changes to get this part right: from
       | declarative configs to answering the question "what does security
       | by default" mean in 2023? In the context of this headline, and to
       | make our intentions clear, we are looking to minimise the default
       | installation. So the plan is to have one lean installation
       | option.
       | 
       | It's late in the UK so I'm going to sign off and be back at this
       | in the morning. We'd love to hear your thoughts and suggestions
       | on what an awesome out-of-box-experience could look like (either
       | here or in the original discourse post).
       | 
       | Best, Tim
       | 
       | [1] https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/rethinking-ubuntu-desktop-
       | a-m...
        
         | Ckirby wrote:
         | Glad you're here, so I finally go say something I've been
         | wanting to say for years
         | 
         | What in the actual goddamn fuck is wrong with you?
        
         | mistrial9 wrote:
         | what does _whose_ security look like by default?
         | 
         | unattended fleet VMs with common AUTH linked to billing, none
         | of which is run by me, does not look like the same security as
         | _my computer, my choice_ , Sir
        
       | teleforce wrote:
       | Please check DietPi where you can install lean and minimal
       | Debian, headless or desktop, for SBC (Arm, x86, RISC-V):
       | 
       | https://dietpi.com/
       | 
       | https://dietpi.com/docs/software/desktop/
       | 
       | "DietPi is an extremely lightweight Debian OS, highly optimised
       | for minimal CPU and RAM resource usage, ensuring your SBC always
       | runs at its maximum potential".
        
       | zzzbra wrote:
       | quick, somebody fork Ubuntu before they remove it!
        
       | johnea wrote:
       | Just another reason to not use ubuntu...
        
       | jrm4 wrote:
       | Ubuntu, the distro for desktops and laptops, is DEAD and has been
       | for sometime, Ubuntu is now Microsoft's lapdog. (For better or
       | worse, I don't think it's super evil, but let's just all be
       | honest here)
       | 
       | Linux Mint or MX Linux are the way to go here. Time to move on.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | Gordonjcp wrote:
         | > Linux Mint or MX Linux are the way to go here
         | 
         | So, Ubuntu, but with a slightly reskinned UI?
        
           | pjerem wrote:
           | idk about MX Linux but Linux Mint is Ubuntu without any Snap,
           | with additional official apt repos, Flatpack support out of
           | the box and, last but not least, its own house made desktop
           | environment.
           | 
           | To me it's as far from Ubuntu as Ubuntu is far from Debian.
        
         | brian_herman wrote:
         | I started on Debian and I will die using Debian. I have used
         | Ubuntu before, and I admit it is a good way for Debian to get
         | new features like an upstream or something.
        
           | tensor wrote:
           | I'll try debian again when they move to a yearly release.
           | Using nearly two year old software in the worst case really
           | sucks for some use cases.
        
           | jimrob4 wrote:
           | Ditto. Toyed with RH and Mandrake back in the day, but
           | quickly moved to Debian and have been there since. Played
           | with Ubuntu and a couple smaller niche distros, but always
           | came back to good ol' Deborah.
        
             | timbit42 wrote:
             | ...and Ian.
        
         | NoRelToEmber wrote:
         | > Ubuntu is now Microsoft's lapdog.
         | 
         | Could you elaborate?
        
           | doublerabbit wrote:
           | What Microsoft does, Canonical will follow in the Linux
           | realm? This does read like something Microsoft would do.
        
           | mistrial9 wrote:
           | on AWS in go-go years, Ubuntu with easy defaults and
           | permissive licenses became the number one installed VM .. by
           | a very large margin. The numbers were not even close.. like
           | 15x more daily volume of VMs on AWS than the next closest
           | three or whatever.. look for yourself. That in turn begat the
           | very hot breath of MSFT upon Ubuntu-Canonical, which shows in
           | the boot signing keys for Ubuntu, the MSFT-private partition
           | type in the disk installer, and the WSL. MSFT influences can
           | be seen in the push for always-on snap with libc and
           | unattended-upgrades phone home and the like.
        
       | andrewstuart wrote:
       | So it's now default minimal?
        
         | ryaneager wrote:
         | That is how i understood it. Then during install you're
         | promoted if you want to install additional software with
         | probably a list that's is the equivalent of today's full
         | install, easily selectable.
        
         | Levitating wrote:
         | It's default by default
        
       | jbs55 wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
       | activiation wrote:
       | Just go with Arch if you want minimal
        
         | pengaru wrote:
         | Arch's package management tooling is a bit of an unconsolidated
         | inconsistent mess.
         | 
         | As someone who used Debian for decades before experimenting
         | with Arch on my laptop for a few years now, Debian is _far_
         | more polished and ergonomic in the package tooling.
        
           | activiation wrote:
           | Not sure why you are saying that... What is the issue
           | exactly?
        
             | pengaru wrote:
             | The ability to install a source package for what's
             | installed isn't even included in the distro's package
             | tooling out of the box.
             | 
             | Coming from Debian you'd expect `pacman` to support doing
             | this, let alone at least say _something_ about it in its
             | man page.
             | 
             | I'm not even sure how the hell you'd figure out `asp`
             | exists and is something you need to explicitly install if
             | all you knew is `pacman`, without using internet searches
             | as an escape hatch.
             | 
             | There was a time long ago when most distros were a hodge
             | podge of work-in-progress discrete tools you had to
             | discover the names of and install separately. Using Arch
             | feels like going back decades in this regard, not in a good
             | way. It's unclear to me why they haven't worked on
             | consolidating these components into a cohesive entrypoint
             | making everything discoverable and more uniform in their
             | UX.
        
         | jmclnx wrote:
         | Never tried arch, but that should be a good option too.
         | 
         | I would like to toss out OpenBSD and NetBSD to the minimal
         | list. I doubt nothing is a minimal as these :)
        
         | GuB-42 wrote:
         | Debian mini.iso, with the option to not install additional
         | packages is also pretty minimal, and text-only. You can install
         | your desktop later via apt.
         | 
         | Ubuntu used to have a mini.iso too, and it was almost
         | indistinguishable from its Debian counterpart. Both distros
         | relied on apt, and since these minimal installs essentially
         | just contained whatever was needed to have a working system
         | running apt, they were essentially the same, with slightly
         | different default settings. The biggest difference was the
         | release cycle and the attitude towards proprietary software.
        
         | robotnikman wrote:
         | From my experience, Arch is great for messing around with, but
         | not as a daily driver. It is also not the most beginner
         | friendly distro for people looking for one.
        
         | smeagull wrote:
         | Yeah, no thanks. I don't want all my packages to break when
         | something fundamental like libpng updates. Again. Or for an
         | update to break just because I didn't update for a month, and
         | then I have to read multiple forum threads to figure out how to
         | unfuck things.
        
           | ragnese wrote:
           | It's not nearly as bad as you're making it out to be. I only
           | vaguely remember a big libpng breakage thing from ~10 years
           | ago--is that what you're referring to?
           | 
           | Also, I often go 6+ months without updating this machine. The
           | only friction I've gotten in years is pacman-keyring updates
           | sometimes need to be done first, before updating the rest of
           | the system because of key expiration from going so long
           | between updates. Recently, they merged the community repo
           | into the extra repo and left community empty for the time
           | being, so the only maintenance I did was to remove
           | [community] from my pacman.conf _after_ running a system
           | update a few weeks ago (again, after _months_ of not
           | updating)--and even _that_ I didn 't technically need to do
           | yet, since the community repo still exists for now.
           | 
           | Everyone's use case is different, and I surely don't have the
           | same configuration or packages as you or anyone else, but
           | this kind of comment _sounds_ like bullshit to me.
           | 
           | EDIT: Not that I'm agreeing with the recommendation to use
           | Arch if you used to use Ubuntu's minimal install. Arch is a
           | drastic change compared to just doing a full Ubuntu install
           | and removing a bunch of crap...
        
           | boomboomsubban wrote:
           | >for an update to break just because I didn't update for a
           | month,
           | 
           | I don't understand why people thing infrequent updates will
           | break things. This idea seems to have started spreading a few
           | years ago, but nobody I ask can tell me why Arch would break
           | if you didn't update frequently enough.
        
         | stevebro wrote:
         | Agreed
        
         | skrause wrote:
         | Or just Debian if you don't want to learn a new package
         | manager.
         | 
         | debfoster (https://packages.debian.org/bookworm/debfoster) is
         | my favorite tool to keep my Debian installations as small as
         | possible.
        
         | weberer wrote:
         | Arch is a bit too minimal for the people who were previously
         | using Ubuntu's minimal install. You don't even have a desktop
         | environment out of the box.
        
           | MountainMan1312 wrote:
           | Ubuntu Minimal didn't have a desktop environment out of the
           | box either, did it ?
        
       | damnesian wrote:
       | I was hardcore Ubuntu devotee for many years and at one point
       | just got tired of having to undo all of the terrible choices
       | being made for users. Minimal install saved the time of having to
       | undo before doing things the way I wanted.
       | 
       | It's this kind of messing around with package and desktop
       | managers that finally sent me to other distros.
        
         | throwaway914 wrote:
         | Fedora has an existing look of being... too
         | easy/friendly/noobish? It's not necessarily the trendy "at your
         | own risk" distro others choose. However, I completely feel
         | Fedora is going to be the strongest distros in the mix in the
         | next decade. ostree, docker-image-based, read-only images are
         | going to be The Thing (tm). I'm hoping they take CoreOS and
         | continue it as a server-oriented minimal distro, and use it as
         | a base layer for the desktop-oriented ones like Silverblue.
         | 
         | I wish I could articulate this better, but this is how 1 person
         | is creating their own customized version of Fedora Silverblue -
         | with Github workflows:
         | 
         | https://github.com/pkulak/filverblue/blob/main/.github/workf...
         | 
         | I can just rebase off of that image and try it out like a git
         | remote branch.
         | 
         | Add in eventual plans for dm-verity and such, and Fedora's
         | distros (kinoite, silverblue, (sigacea?)) are going to be
         | leaders. Much more dependable and predictable.
        
           | caycep wrote:
           | The one thing I would want to know before switching from
           | fedora to ubuntu - there's a ton of software support given
           | ubuntu's prior popularity, so it always seems like the path
           | of least resistance getting set up for basic things like a
           | samba server or for a pytorch/CUDA development setup - how
           | far along is this with Fedora? Similarly, there's a ton of
           | user generated tutorials/technical and configuration answers
           | online for ubuntu - I am hoping Fedora has this sort of
           | material floating around?
           | 
           | Similarly, it seems the Fedora community exists by the good
           | graces...of IBM - how much independence would it have in the
           | future?
        
             | scoodah wrote:
             | In my experience I've not had any issues finding resources
             | and materials for most anything I want to do with Fedora.
             | 
             | That said I also migrated from Arch to Fedora when I needed
             | to pick between Ubuntu and Fedora for work, so I was used
             | to being a bit more hands on to begin with.
        
           | StoneTable wrote:
           | Universal Blue (https://universal-blue.org/) takes the OCI-
           | based Silverblue and extends it even further, including
           | bluefin (https://universal-blue.org/images/bluefin/) which
           | aims to provide an Ubuntu-like desktop experience for those
           | of us who've given up on Ubuntu/Canonical.
        
         | Levitating wrote:
         | Have you tried Mint? What's your opinion on that?
        
           | Gordonjcp wrote:
           | It's a reskinned version of Ubuntu, that has some slightly
           | questionable packaging choices.
        
             | letitbeirie wrote:
             | They have a version (LMDE) based directly off Debian. It's
             | slower to get updates (because Debian) but it's pretty much
             | the same apart from that.
        
           | leptons wrote:
           | I switched to mint linux for a few VMs that used to be
           | ubuntu. So far it's working well where ubuntu just kind of
           | stopped working for reasons I don't really have time for.
           | Ubuntu changed some stuff and it's not really viable for me
           | anymore.
        
         | suprjami wrote:
         | Same here. Debian 12 running wonderfully. No need to do the
         | pages of workaround crap with every Ubuntu install.
        
         | retrocryptid wrote:
         | Yeah. It's hard to figure out who Canonical thinks its
         | customers are now. I'm not a super-libre-pedant and am usually
         | happy to run closed source driver blobs. But stock debian seems
         | to be getting better with driver support and I probably
         | _should_ be more careful about the provenance of proprietary
         | drivers. Seems like every week there 's a reminder that I'm not
         | Ubuntu's target market.
        
           | phendrenad2 wrote:
           | I'm guessing Canonical's Ubuntu Desktop customers are
           | businesses that are using Ubuntu as a cheap Windows
           | replacement. The IT departments who set up their OS probably
           | just do the default install, so the minimal install option is
           | just more code to maintain.
        
           | jldugger wrote:
           | AFAICT, Canonical's customers are cloud vendors and people
           | who buy cloud services. The Linux desktop is, in that sense,
           | just a hearts and minds investment for people who run linux
           | workstations to manage their much larger linux server fleet.
           | From that perspective, the investments in charm and snap on
           | the desktop feel a bit like a sales pitch for their new cloud
           | features. Which.... would be more effective if they didn't
           | also make the user experience for FF emphatically worse.
           | 
           | And originally, Ubuntu was a high visibility demo piece for
           | Launchpad. If it can manage the full build cycle for Debian,
           | it can certainly handle your niche app.
        
             | scoodah wrote:
             | Not only making the default FF experience emphatically
             | worse but downright broken for some use cases.
             | 
             | I work in an environment where I have to auth to web
             | services with a smart card. This is just not possible with
             | Snap FF.
        
         | stevebro wrote:
         | Agreed.
         | 
         | I actually gave up Ubuntu when they moved to snaps as the
         | primary installation mechanism.
         | 
         | Arch treats me just fine, especially with Gnome on Wayland.
        
           | zerocrates wrote:
           | Even now snaps are pretty avoidable for almost everything but
           | we'll see how that lasts.
           | 
           | Firefox is the only major thing where I've just abandoned the
           | package manager, and it's probably a better experience this
           | way than the .deb was in the first place.
        
         | andrewstuart wrote:
         | The way I read it, it's now default minimal.
         | 
         | Am I reading it wrong?
        
           | donmcronald wrote:
           | Yeah, but more likely is that they want a single install
           | option so they can ensure you install whatever bloatware they
           | want to add.
        
         | JohnFen wrote:
         | This is a very strange decision. I wonder what's behind it?
         | 
         | It seems like it's more work for Ubuntu and it makes the
         | installation process more intimidating and potentially
         | confusing.
         | 
         | I'd think it's part of their weird inclination to force
         | everyone to use snaps, but that can't be it either -- they can
         | force that regardless.
         | 
         | So, I'm utterly baffled.
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | Oh, crap. What do I install on the little laptops I use for
       | single-purpose stuff. Is there still going to be XUbuntu? Can I
       | get something that never "phones home"?
        
         | c7DJTLrn wrote:
         | If you have the time and know-how, you can build your own
         | system off of Ubuntu Base[0]. It's as barebones you can get
         | with Ubuntu - doesn't have snap or any other crap the "minimal"
         | ISO does. You'd need to chroot into it to install the kernel,
         | and you'd probably want to generate an initrd image. I have an
         | example of how to do this on GitHub that you can steal from[1].
         | 
         | [0] https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Base
         | 
         | [1] https://github.com/cedws/concrete-ubuntu
        
           | Animats wrote:
           | I don't want to be a career system administrator. I did that
           | once.
        
             | c7DJTLrn wrote:
             | You're welcome. If you're going to be picky you'll probably
             | find nothing meets all of your requirements.
        
       | smeagull wrote:
       | Powered by the snap store? That's the kind of bullshit that you
       | purge in your "Fix Ubuntu" script.
        
       | cocodill wrote:
       | fun fact: "minimal install" was a full install with a bunch of
       | "apt purge" afterwards.
        
         | SahAssar wrote:
         | Source? That sounds very backwards but also like something that
         | ubuntu would do...
        
           | cocodill wrote:
           | On the installer image is a directory casper, there is
           | another image filesystem.squashfs, I suspect that it is
           | simply unpacked to the hard disk during installation. System
           | deployment is really fast this way. Also in casper directory
           | are two more interesting files: filesystem.manifest-minimal-
           | remove and filesystem.manifest-remove with a bunch of
           | packages names. And of course you should have a look at the
           | log during the installation process, all the "apt purge"
           | things show up there.
        
           | srvmshr wrote:
           | Just follow the installer log. It does the Ubuntu standard
           | installation followed by removal of non-essential packages
           | (office utilities, AV utilities etc.)
        
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