[HN Gopher] "How's your PhD going?" A study on mental health
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       "How's your PhD going?" A study on mental health
        
       Author : luplex
       Score  : 69 points
       Date   : 2023-07-04 20:20 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (journals.plos.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (journals.plos.org)
        
       | TotalCrackpot wrote:
       | Imagine that students used to be very active in various grassroot
       | political movements, and these days they cannot organize
       | themselves to do some huge protest, stall every university
       | lesson, not grade papers and finally get some huge reforms that
       | would help them and the rest of the faculty. Unfortunate, this
       | probably happens because people who do PhD are not actually very
       | assertive on their own and they have very impaired cooperation
       | skills.
        
         | shikshake wrote:
         | > people who do PhD are not actually very assertive on their
         | own and they have very impaired cooperation skills
         | 
         | Where exactly are you pulling this from? That has not been my
         | experience, both from my research lab and from other students
         | I've met at a variety of conferences.
        
           | TotalCrackpot wrote:
           | Why they don't organize, do a mass protest and get better
           | treatment from the system?
        
       | beoberha wrote:
       | I only have a Bachelor's but work at a large tech company where a
       | good portion of the technical leadership have PhDs. I can't
       | imagine deciding to just go for a PhD right out of undergrad. In
       | the grand scheme of things, you know nothing after a 4 year
       | degree. I could not fathom finding a topic on which you are truly
       | passionate and decide to dedicate the next 5-7 years of your life
       | studying it.
       | 
       | After 6 years in industry, I have a much more solid foundation
       | and idea of what I want to focus on for the rest of my career.
       | But at this point, getting a PhD is not remotely a possibility
       | for numerous reasons.
       | 
       | It's an interesting conundrum and I see a lot of PhDs who advise
       | against getting one. But I will always have a small pang of
       | jealousy towards those that have one.
        
       | shoo wrote:
       | see also: Jeff Schmidt's book Disciplined Minds
       | 
       | > In this riveting book about the world of professional work,
       | Jeff Schmidt demonstrates that the workplace is a battleground
       | for the very identity of the individual, as is graduate school,
       | where professionals are trained. He shows that professional work
       | is inherently political, and that professionals are hired to
       | subordinate their own vision and maintain strict "ideological
       | discipline."
       | 
       | > The hidden root of much career dissatisfaction, argues Schmidt,
       | is the professional's lack of control over the political
       | component of his or her creative work. Many professionals set out
       | to make a contribution to society and add meaning to their lives.
       | Yet our system of professional education and employment abusively
       | inculcates an acceptance of politically subordinate roles in
       | which professionals typically do not make a significant
       | difference, undermining the creative potential of individuals,
       | organizations and even democracy.
       | 
       | https://disciplinedminds.tripod.com/
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | And yet the majority of people with real political power in
         | business and government have some sort of advanced degree.
         | There's no guarantee that completing professional education
         | will allow you to contribute to society and add meaning to your
         | life but it surely increases the odds. The rest is up to you.
        
         | theGnuMe wrote:
         | Sure is a good reason to start a startup!
        
       | whatever1 wrote:
       | An even worse question to a PhD student is: "When are you
       | finishing your PhD?"
        
       | marcodiego wrote:
       | My father died (heart attack) while writing his master thesis,
       | 2001. In the closer family we all attribute this to stress during
       | the period. He was a professor at a university, maintained a farm
       | and often traveled to Sao Paulo for meetings with his advisor and
       | classes.
       | 
       | It was a common sight for me to go sleep while he was still
       | writing, wake up and see him still writing. He had a coffee, went
       | to the farm, come back home, lecture at the university and went
       | back to writing again. When he could, he went to Sao Paulo.
       | 
       | I went somewhat the same route. I finished my master degree but I
       | gave up doctorate when I started to feel the impact it had in my
       | health. Not only mentally but also physically.
       | 
       | My girlfriend is now also somewhat on the same route. Fortunately
       | she will finish her doctorate soon and will still be alive, but I
       | see many of the symptoms of my father in her.
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | I'm sorry that you lost your father. But stress alone doesn't
         | cause heart attacks. Most likely there was some other medical
         | issue.
         | 
         | https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/risk-factors/stres...
        
       | Kirr wrote:
       | The study is based on a web questionnaire, answered by 589 out of
       | 2552 Ph.D. students. The mental health of the remaining 1963
       | students who did not take the survey is very likely to be in
       | worse shape than of those who did.
       | 
       | In discussion the authors say "Moreover, we want to emphasize the
       | likely sample bias in our data. We recruited participants mainly
       | via mailing lists and our project therefore probably has
       | especially appealed to people who are already interested in
       | health or aware of mental health issues. However, given our
       | relatively large coverage of almost a quarter of all Ph.D.
       | students at the University of Tubingen, even a selective sample
       | can give us insights into overall tendencies."
       | 
       | I guess this bias could be significant. I can't imagine that
       | someone who is particularly stressed, depressed and sleep-
       | deprived will pay attention to a mailing list message that has
       | anything to do with mental health, or aks "How's your PhD
       | going?". Personally, if I saw such email, I would close it and
       | forget it as fast as I possibly could.
       | 
       | Another problem is that people tend to lie to themselves about
       | their mental health issues, telling themselves that it's not too
       | bad. They would answer the survey more optimistically, as if this
       | makes the issues go away. It takes a good capacity of self
       | reflection to see the problems clearly, and the loss of such
       | capacity often accompanies other mental health problems.
       | 
       | Additionally, it takes a particularly trusing personality to
       | discuss your health issues in a web survey. You never know how
       | anonymous it all really is and where the collected data may end
       | up eventually. I'm not sure how this correlates with mental
       | health. The paranoid types will obviously be less trusting, but I
       | guess a certain level of care when sharing your personal health
       | data should be normal. In any case, this is another inevitable
       | source of bias in survey-based data.
       | 
       | These points don't invalidate the study, just suggest that it
       | probably underestimates the real prevalence of mental health
       | issues.
        
       | peachypeach wrote:
       | Honestly it really just seems like the world's PhD programs are
       | designed to ritually haze students and sort them into academic
       | society based on unsustainable and barely acceptable
       | expectations. I do not have a PhD but all my friends who do (save
       | one) have expressed that they would rather have done something
       | else with the time and resources it took to get theirs. Really
       | sad. My cousin is a Psych professor at an Ivy League and he says
       | that in his first class of the semester he tells everyone getting
       | PhDs they will likely be taking antidepressants by the time they
       | finish -and- that probably all of their professors are already
       | taking them. Chilling honestly.
        
         | 78124781 wrote:
         | "Honestly it really just seems like the world's PhD programs
         | are designed to ritually haze students and sort them into
         | academic society based on unsustainable and barely acceptable
         | expectations." This is accurate. It's very hard to explain to
         | people who haven't been through a PhD program the kinds of
         | expectations that are placed on students (example: highly
         | influential profs telling an incoming cohort that their
         | expectations were "all of you should get a top-20 job"). Those
         | who do not "make it" are spoken of in hushed tones as if they
         | died and even those who go on to great industry jobs are
         | considered failures of some degree.
         | 
         | Many of those who "make it" and get those vaunted prestigious
         | TT jobs are also desperately depressed in many cases (at least
         | up through getting tenure, but even afterward the whole
         | experience seems scarring). This seems to select for incredibly
         | dedicated and usually quite intelligent, but also very
         | obsessive and emotionally fragile people to finally make it
         | through into permanent employment in academia. They then often
         | have similar expectations for their grad students to do the
         | same as they did, even if they claim on social media to be
         | "caring" and such.
        
           | 2snakes wrote:
           | Yeah, such is the effect of "jigsaw puzzling" hundreds of
           | papers to get a feel for a field. One had better be really
           | interested to come into dialogue with others' observations,
           | and not have it be trite. Philosophically, scientific
           | idealism instead of materialism is one possible way forward
           | as the sense/relationship of self-other evolves.
        
         | ModernMech wrote:
         | > Chilling honestly.
         | 
         | There are a couple ways of looking at this, yours is one take.
         | 
         | We can look at it another way. The kind of people with the
         | intelligence and persistence to successfully complete a Ph.D.
         | are disproportionately neurodivergent, IME. You'll find a lot
         | of people on the spectrum at the upper ranks of academia. Such
         | people lack in dopamine production, and may end up taking
         | medication to deal with that as they are diagnosed during the
         | course of their graduate education, which typically provides
         | access to healthcare and therapy.
        
       | photochemsyn wrote:
       | For any young person contemplating a graduate program who is also
       | interested in technology and science (ie HN reader), the only
       | reason to do that is if you gain access to tools and materials
       | and knowledge that are unavailable anywhere else. This means
       | cutting-edge research labs in whatever discipline you're
       | interested in, opportunities to travel abroad to other research
       | centers, affiliations with National Labs or NASA's JPL, Stanford
       | SLAC, etc. Also, they should be paying you enough to cover
       | expenses and tuition, paying for it yourself or heaven forbid
       | taking out more loans is not how it's supposed to work. Of
       | course, you'll have to have put in the work and be at the top of
       | your class to have much hope of getting such offers, plus get
       | some good recommendations from your undergrad teachers, and have
       | done a fair amount of technical work on an independent thesis or
       | as a research lab assistant or some such.
       | 
       | Also, you have to vet your prospective PI's lab very carefully to
       | make sure they're not a fraudster or a manipulative sociopath.
       | Not as uncommon a situation as you might expect. You also might
       | just end up working as someone's underpaid lab tech for six years
       | and while you get the PhD at the end of it, nobody will ever even
       | cite your research and you'll probably regret the experience (in
       | industry, you might have been into a six-figure salary and well
       | on your way career-wise by that point, while learning more real-
       | work skills at the same time).
       | 
       | If you're doing it for vanity reasons or because it's expected
       | best option is to bail on the whole thing and go get a job in
       | industry, same if you find yourself in some crap lab run by a
       | shyster PI. You can easily end up overworked, underpaid and with
       | nothing much to show for it in the end.
        
       | tomohelix wrote:
       | I think the only reason I was able to get through my PhD was
       | because I am used to the work culture and expectations. After
       | going into the industry in a relatively healthy and good company,
       | I realized just how much stress I had and how bad it was in
       | academia.
       | 
       | In a way, the grinder serves as a test of willpower and
       | discipline and those who could persevere through it can say they
       | have the mental fortitude to handle stress and still achieve
       | results despite adverse circumstances. Whenever I am kinda
       | stressed out, I recall my time in school and it gives me
       | something similar to "I have been through worse, I can make this
       | work".
       | 
       | On the other hand, I tell everyone who bothers to ask that no, a
       | PhD is not worth it. Get a master and go to work. Or better, get
       | a BS and make the company sponsor that master degree. That PhD
       | will drain both your life and energy and once you got it, you
       | will still need to compete against people of your level. Nothing
       | changes except a permanent mental scar.
        
         | twelve40 wrote:
         | Several startups back, I worked for a pompous boss, ex-Goldman-
         | VP, who told me that people who get masters are worse
         | programmers, especially if it's from a better school than their
         | bachelor's. You'll be surprised how many nutty biases people
         | have out there.
        
           | totoglazer wrote:
           | Isn't this a pretty universally held opinion?
        
           | Hydraulix989 wrote:
           | As strange as it is, I think there's validity to it. Master's
           | degrees filter more on having the money to cover tuition than
           | test scores, and it's easier to just buy your way into a good
           | school than with undergraduate.
           | 
           | I remember taking courses alongside Master's students who
           | were anecdotally less impressive than my fellow
           | undergraduates. This experience (along with my dwindling
           | pocketbook) helped dissuade me from staying the extra year or
           | so, rather than immediately starting work.
        
         | bshep wrote:
         | So i did a masters in engineering(3yrs), worked for 2 years
         | then went into med school (4yrs) and finished residency (3yrs)
         | in the same time a friend of mine did a PHD in engineering...
         | 
         | I was shocked when i found out he had just finished the PHD
         | when i was graduating residency.
        
           | dfit99 wrote:
           | Just curious, what inspired you to pursue medicine. I have
           | been a SDE at a FAANG with 7 years of experience, but I am
           | curious in maybe pivoting into medicine or at least combining
           | the two fields.
           | 
           | I have been feeling extreme boredom and dissatisfaction and
           | was hoping pursuing medicine would give me some renewed
           | passion.
        
             | Arch-TK wrote:
             | I've dealt with extreme boredom and dissatisfaction and
             | changed professions (albeit from software to information
             | security) and after years I am again facing the same
             | issues. I feel like there may be deeper problems here. In
             | retrospect, while a career change hasn't damaged my career
             | prospects, (on the contrary, it seems like I am probably
             | more employable) I certainly don't have as much experience
             | in either field as I would have if I had just stuck to one
             | (although, through diligence, I have kept on top of my
             | software skills, at least in my particular set of niches).
             | As such, I can't necessarily recommend pursuing this type
             | of solution to your particular problem (although medicine
             | definitely seems distinctly different to tech so maybe it
             | WILL solve the problem).
             | 
             | I guess what I'm trying to say is, maybe consider other
             | options such as trying to completely understand the root
             | cause for your dissatisfaction and extreme boredom. Believe
             | me, I know this isn't easy, but at this point I am at a
             | loss for other options and feel like I must figure out
             | exactly what causes me to feel like this in order to avoid
             | having this happen a third time.
        
             | 2snakes wrote:
             | You'll need to exhibit character like servant leadership to
             | do well as a doctor.
        
           | make3 wrote:
           | [flagged]
        
             | AlexSW wrote:
             | Presumably that the opportunity cost can be rather high.
        
         | 082349872349872 wrote:
         | > _make the company sponsor that master degree_
         | 
         | Just a note that I jumped from academia to industry last
         | century, and even then although my advisor and department
         | (science) were horrified at the thought of aiming for anything
         | less than a doctorate (masters? that's a consolation degree!),
         | when I went to talk with the Dean (engineering) he gave me
         | exactly the same advice: if you want a degree, get your company
         | to pay for it.
        
           | throwaway9870 wrote:
           | What is your degree in? Because when I got a PhD in EE it was
           | covered by either being a Research or Teaching Assistant.
           | What school/dept would suggest aiming for anything less than
           | a PhD as horrifying? Most students go that path.
        
             | 082349872349872 wrote:
             | Planetary science.
        
         | yodsanklai wrote:
         | > Nothing changes except a permanent mental scar.
         | 
         | That's a very broad generalization. Everybody has a different
         | experience, depending on the field, their advisor, their lab,
         | their skills, their personality and so on...
         | 
         | To me, a PhD was pretty much like any other job. The last
         | couple of months were bit harder because of the final deadline,
         | but nothing drastic when you're young. My current job in
         | industry is more stressful overall.
         | 
         | What sucked for me was after the PhD, being an academic, but
         | it's another story.
        
         | zwaps wrote:
         | I went from finishing my PhD straight into consulting and I am
         | happy about the reduced stress and better work hours
        
         | leaveitalone wrote:
         | As a solid B student denied access to a PhD, folks that get
         | PhDs for business reasons really bug me. Especially if they
         | then go on to complain that it was hard.
         | 
         | You don't realise how much some of us want to do research but
         | can't get into academia because other, smarter people take the
         | spots for prestige or money. Like, go away and just work on
         | wall street if you're not interested in doing actual science.
        
           | maxmalkav wrote:
           | The main complain in my environment (composed by both doctors
           | and dropouts) is not about "it being hard" but "it being
           | disappointing", specially when you are interested in doing
           | actual science but you find that will be a small part of the
           | process and many times not as rewarding as expected. You add
           | department politics, personal differences with supervisors or
           | the whole publishing business to the mix and it can get
           | really ugly really fast.
        
           | vector_spaces wrote:
           | I'm sorry that you were denied access, gatekeeping is real,
           | especially in STEM fields.
           | 
           | I just want to offer that not everyone doing a PhD is doing
           | so for reasons of money or prestige, and not all of them are
           | coming from money or prestige. And the gatekeeping doesn't
           | end once you get in, either. If anything it intensifies the
           | further along you get, and by orders of magnitude the more
           | your circumstances don't parse to something like {age = <30,
           | marital_status = single, kids = false, parental_income =
           | upper_class | middle_class, parental_support = true,
           | needs_to_work_to_survive = false, parent_has_bachelors =
           | true}
        
           | ray__ wrote:
           | Not criticizing your take, just curious-grades and GPA have
           | never been a primary factor for any of the PhD admissions
           | committees that I've been on or exposed to. Usually other
           | factors like research experience, letters of rec, and other
           | personal experiences easily outweigh grades, especially if
           | they're just Bs (very low grades would be an issue). Where
           | are your B grades affecting your grad school applications?
        
         | georgeburdell wrote:
         | For me, the biggest drawback was doing all of the life things
         | later. I graduated at 27, which is on the earlier end, then met
         | my partner a year later, got married 2 years after that, bought
         | a house 2 years after that, and then 2 years after that finally
         | felt settled enough to have our first child (second was born 3
         | years later). Money was usually gating each step.
         | 
         | We're going to be pushing 70 before our children have children,
         | if they take the same path.
        
           | TotalCrackpot wrote:
           | Do you have a mortgage on the house or is it actually yours?
        
           | lumiukko wrote:
           | Are you aware of how privileged you are?
        
             | tomrod wrote:
             | When discussing with someone, proper manners enlightens a
             | discussant to avoid painting them into a proverbial corner,
             | since such is a negative interaction.
             | 
             | From what I read, the person worked their tush off to get
             | through a graduate program, then pushed for more money in a
             | career.
             | 
             | What aspect of this do you find privileging? Working their
             | tush off? Pushing for opportunities?
             | 
             | A small set of comments online tells one nothing about the
             | background of a person, unless one actively looks for dog
             | whistles and shibboleths.
        
             | calf wrote:
             | Not only privileged (in terms of outcome and socioeconomic
             | status of a post-PhD career and family), but also rather
             | ideological. The person you asked the question to casually
             | equates "life things" with family, house, career. It's
             | surprisingly a conservative worldview, and IMO a PhD should
             | expand a person's thinking more deeply than to accept
             | ideology that way. To me this says a modern PhD education
             | is too careerist and subverts the purpose of it, and some
             | professors have pointed this out as well.
        
             | latency-guy2 wrote:
             | Do you have anything specific to add to the conversation?
             | Immediately starting off taking away things is a not so
             | good start.
        
             | akomtu wrote:
             | Unless the law grants him special permissions that others
             | dont have, he is not privileged.
        
           | dan-robertson wrote:
           | First kid at ~33 doesn't strike me as particularly unusual
           | for reasonably well off professionals where I live, but maybe
           | I'm biased by how my parents went through life and you yours.
        
           | HDMI_Cable wrote:
           | One way to look at it is that with increasing life
           | expectanties, 70 will be the new 60 (or even 50). The
           | probability that you'll see your kids have kids is going to
           | get higher and higher. Also, it may be better that you had
           | kids later because they'll grow up in a more financially
           | comfortable situation with more aged and experienced parents.
           | 
           | Think of age as a fine wine, not milk :)
        
             | Brybry wrote:
             | In the US, life expectancy isn't really increasing.
             | 
             | It's been fairly flat for the last 10 years or so. [1][2]
             | 
             | [1] https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN?loc
             | ation...
             | 
             | [2] https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/
             | f0/Li...
        
               | whatever1 wrote:
               | Unless we do something to reverse dna damage I don't
               | think that median quality life expectancy can be
               | extended.
               | 
               | The variance in quality of life after your 60s is crazy
               | high. There are many super healthy 60yo, there are also
               | 60yo who are completely devastated from health problems.
               | 
               | And sure maybe you can drag it on for another 5-10 years
               | if you have let's say Alzheimer's, but what is the point
               | ?
        
               | varelse wrote:
               | [dead]
        
             | TotalCrackpot wrote:
             | If something drastically changes with climate change then
             | maybe you are right, if not then life expectancy will fall.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | mshockwave wrote:
           | getting phd at 27 is suuuper early. Granted, friends might
           | start to work at 23 or 25-ish but we're talking about a
           | doctoral degree, which makes a visible difference on job
           | hunting in the field of computer science I'm in.
        
             | dan-robertson wrote:
             | I don't know if jobs 'in the field of computer science' are
             | the same as jobs as a programmer but I think there exist
             | plenty of very good programming jobs for which a phd
             | doesn't particularly matter, at least where I live. The
             | people I know who got phds finished around 26/27 so I think
             | it depends on the country/system.
        
       | shikshake wrote:
       | The responses on this thread from january did a good job of
       | displaying the variety of phd experiences HN users have had:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34449626
       | 
       | From these and my own experiences, the results of this study are
       | not surprising but I'm happy to see some published work on it.
        
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       (page generated 2023-07-04 23:00 UTC)