[HN Gopher] How to Do Great Work
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       How to Do Great Work
        
       Author : razin
       Score  : 909 points
       Date   : 2023-07-01 14:41 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (paulgraham.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (paulgraham.com)
        
       | grumpy_coder wrote:
       | You really shouldn't write a long post on doing great work
       | without mentioning teamwork. He seems to say great work is done
       | in the garage or garden shed, which has been false for centuries
       | at this point.
        
         | Zetice wrote:
         | I think your comment is an underappreciated one.
         | 
         | The article, to me, seems exceedingly preferential to the
         | "tortured/overworked genius" method of innovation, and by now
         | I'm personally tired of seeing that trope fall on its face.
         | 
         | The best... anything gets built by many people. Of course it
         | takes a VC to try and tell us about the "exceptional" people at
         | the top who make it all possible, but the number of times PG
         | points out how instrumental Jessica was to the early days of YC
         | disproves the very trope he's trying to puff up here.
        
         | aputsiak wrote:
         | My thoughts as well. He himself went ALL the way through the
         | educational system broadly and were into arts and so on, so did
         | his friend and collaborator Morris. Granted, PG has seen tech
         | talent and success unfold on a scale that few will experience,
         | which gives him a unique perspective. I'm still left wondering
         | what role he attributes having close friends like he did,
         | peers, mentors, community and collaboration...
        
         | rosecross wrote:
         | He mentions that for certain projects you'll need to be good at
         | managing others, or you shouldn't attempt them at all.
        
         | mkoubaa wrote:
         | Teamwork was mentioned in the post
        
         | brailsafe wrote:
         | Unless you live in any of the houses right outside the Apple
         | campus. The single most shocking thing to me when I visited for
         | the first time was that the entire area including right outside
         | the visitor center is still dominated by these upsetting 60s
         | bungalows. Ironically up in Redmond they're putting them to
         | shame in terms of development.
        
       | black_13 wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | cdelsolar wrote:
       | My problem is that I've already chosen what to work on long ago -
       | Scrabble. I've built a popular (within the community) study tool,
       | I've also been working on an open source AI that I believe is
       | finally better than the state of the art one - I'm going to set
       | up a match between them sometime soon (but need a bot interface,
       | etc). This is without ML, too, which I fully intend to explore
       | soon. And finally I've been working on a modern lichess-like app
       | (woogles.io) for it, with tournaments, puzzles, etc that recently
       | hosted its 3 millionth game, with a small team of contributors.
       | It will likely be the test bed for the AI matches. And if that
       | isn't enough, I've attempted to achieve mastery at the game,
       | being rated as high as 7th nationally in the last few years.
       | Although I think I'd be better if I didn't spend so much time
       | building stuff for everyone to play with.
       | 
       | The problem is there's no money in it. Hasbro is litigious, all
       | of this stuff is open source because I find it curious and deeply
       | interesting, and as a sort of misguided attempt to try to
       | democratize access to it. I'm not going to charge without getting
       | sued, and even if one of the companies like Scopely wanted to
       | hire me, I'm only interested in keeping this open source and
       | free. So I'm not really sure what to do.
        
         | magpi3 wrote:
         | You could perhaps pivot someday into your own original IP (i.e.
         | create a word/letter based game that doesn't infringe a
         | corporations IP).
        
         | galacticaactual wrote:
         | Frankly not sure what you want. You want money but also want to
         | keep things open source and free. I think you need to take a
         | hard look at your wants and how they map to the real world.
        
           | cdelsolar wrote:
           | I just want enough to be able to work on it as a full time
           | thing.
        
             | dr_dshiv wrote:
             | Maybe hasbro wants to hire you?
        
             | jamiek88 wrote:
             | Have you got a Patreon?
        
               | v64 wrote:
               | @cdelsolar, definitely consider Patreon. I mentioned in
               | this comment [1] recently about how so many coders are
               | doing exactly what you wanna be doing, working on awesome
               | projects full time, funded by people who want to see you
               | succeed and to get the opportunity to get a behind the
               | scenes glimpse of how you work, get updates about new
               | things you're working on before anyone else, and getting
               | access to beta testing and new features first.
               | 
               | I've worked with Scrabble players in the past on a
               | personal project [2] and can say this is absolutely the
               | kind of thing they'd go for. I had never heard of
               | woogles.io either and will be passing the link on to them
               | as well.
               | 
               | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/context?id=36525089
               | 
               | [2] https://github.com/v64/fiend
        
               | cdelsolar wrote:
               | We have a Patreon for Woogles, we make on the order of
               | $100 a month from it. Mostly to keep our servers running
               | along with other random donations. Not sure if we need to
               | do more "fundraising".
        
               | v64 wrote:
               | That's legit and a sign that you're on the right track. I
               | was an early user of lichess when it was getting started
               | and they were always a better experience than either
               | chess.com or internet chess club, it was just a matter of
               | convincing the best players to play there. Hope things
               | grow and I'll do my best to convince my friends who play
               | to give the site a shot :)
        
         | tough wrote:
         | Just keep doing whatever you want and maybe this work will be
         | the springboard to a new discovery where copyright isn't
         | limiting.
         | 
         | I say following your passion can never go wrong, (well
         | ,sometimes, heh)
        
           | detourdog wrote:
           | No doubt I have followed this advice to a Tee (given to me at
           | weighing graduate school or a commercial world) 32 years
           | later I have whittled the perputal timeline from 2-5 years to
           | 6 weeks. Some days I even think I'm doing it.
        
         | phforms wrote:
         | I don't think that great work and financial success are
         | necessarily related; in fact, in many historical cases they
         | were not. For me personally, I always have special and long-
         | term projects on the side (that may or may not lead to "great
         | work"), while doing more boring work in my bread-and-butter
         | job. I guess I need some sort of independence from financial or
         | social pressure when I want to do what I am passionate about,
         | even if it means that I am not able to go "all in". Otherwise
         | it would only stress me out and in the worst case, I would lose
         | interest or drift away from my original intentions to satisfy a
         | customer or whoever might give me money.
         | 
         | So many very valuable or important things are just not
         | profitable, but that doesn't mean they should not be pursued.
        
           | jebarker wrote:
           | > I don't think that great work and financial success are
           | necessarily related
           | 
           | This is an important thing to know. An even broader point is
           | that no matter what you do you can't control how the world
           | will receive your work. You may do work that's considered
           | great long after you're dead. You may do work that is
           | tragically overlooked because something bigger happens to be
           | going on right now.
           | 
           | That's why I think the advice to follow your interests is
           | solid. At least that way you'll guarantee doing something
           | interesting even if you can't guarantee doing something
           | great.
        
           | yowlingcat wrote:
           | I think they're related, but it doesn't go both ways. Self-
           | made financial success almost always takes great work,
           | although great work does not necessarily lead to financial
           | success even when the work is clearly great.
        
             | sanderjd wrote:
             | I can think of many examples of mediocre work resulting in
             | self made financial success.
        
             | jebarker wrote:
             | Maybe we disagree on what constitutes self-made financial
             | success, but it seems to me that most wealthy people have
             | not done great work at all. It's entirely possible, and
             | fairly common, to become financially independent by
             | grinding away at mediocrity or even actively being shitty.
        
               | yowlingcat wrote:
               | Oh no, I agree with you there. Most wealthy people are
               | not self-made, which supports your point. Maybe that's
               | where the sleight of hand occurs -- many if not all
               | wealthy people will pass it off as being self-made, when
               | only a small fraction of those instances are the case.
               | But I do think you will see hard work playing a large
               | role in that fraction of cases.
        
               | sanderjd wrote:
               | No, I really think you're mistaking this. Some of the
               | easiest ways to become wealthy - or let's say
               | "financially independent", because it's a more clear-cut
               | term - are doing useful and well-compensated work, that
               | is definitely not "great work" in the essay's sense.
               | Think dentists and most doctors and lawyers, and also
               | lots of different kinds of "businesspeople", including
               | software engineers at big successful companies. Think
               | about the people you see on a private golf course that
               | they have a house next to; those people are all wealthy,
               | some of them inherited it, sure, but many of them just
               | plugged away at lucrative jobs and saved and invested
               | well. That's not what the essay is talking about. It is a
               | much easier way to achieve financial success than
               | attempting to do "great work" in the essay's sense.
               | 
               | Personally I have had a tendency to waffle back and forth
               | between the ambition to "great work" and the ambition
               | (and at times, necessity) to do _lucrative_ work. And for
               | me, thus far, the two things have been almost entirely
               | negatively correlated; I have given up the lucrative path
               | to seek something I hope will be  "great", or given up
               | the "great work" path to seek something I know will be
               | lucrative.
               | 
               | To bring this back into the lens of the article, I do
               | think that for people who are not already financially
               | independent, this can / should / is just one more
               | constraint in the search through this space of "what
               | should I work on". Some "great work" is lucrative while a
               | lot is not. Financially independent people have the
               | privilege to choose freely among the two kinds, while the
               | rest of us have to focus on the lucrative kind to at
               | least some degree.
        
               | yowlingcat wrote:
               | If anything, I view that as a slight deficiency and bias
               | of the essay's sense. Here's how I'd phrase it based on
               | what's worked for me, which is "Learn to fall in love
               | with expensive, poorly-solved problems." Not all
               | expensive poorly-solved problems are poorly-solved, but
               | for the ones that are, focusing your curiosity on them --
               | why they are expensive, why they are poorly-solved, what
               | state of the art looks like, how it could be improved --
               | that is a surefire way, in my view, towards doing great
               | work.
               | 
               | Now, that may not be considered great work by the essay.
               | But I might read the essay with my assumption around its
               | editorialization -- which is that it's to some degree an
               | attempt to describe "here's what I'd like to invest in."
               | I'll bet you today (and especially in the future) that if
               | I tested the author's revealed preference about investing
               | in "my" thesis of great work, while our stated
               | preferences might differ, our revealed preferences would
               | align.
               | 
               | Caveat that this is this is all conjecture given that
               | I've never directly interacted with YC's investment
               | thesis.
        
               | sanderjd wrote:
               | Yeah we're sort of just debating the implied definition
               | of something left purposefully vague, but I don't read
               | this particular essay as an investment thesis thing at
               | all. His motivating examples are pretty much all
               | musicians and theoreticians there's no investing in those
               | things. To some extent those examples are metaphorical of
               | course, and I'm certain he is thinking of at least some
               | entrepreneurs as having done "great work". But I still
               | take the essay more at face value that it isn't primarily
               | focused on the kind of wildly lucrative "great work" that
               | makes a good investment.
        
         | isc_lover wrote:
         | Good effort, but ISC is still better. Sorry not sorry.
        
           | cdelsolar wrote:
           | Nice trolling :) ISC still saves all passwords in plain text
           | (!), they're unchangeable, and probably running a very
           | ancient and vulnerable version of Java. Apparently someone on
           | the FB group claimed their password which they only use for
           | that site was found in a data breach.
           | 
           | Oh yeah and you can change your tiles at will and draw
           | RETINAS 7 times in a row if you want :)
        
         | j2bax wrote:
         | Is there a problem if you don't use the trademarked name
         | Scrabble or any of their art? It's my understanding that you
         | can't protect a game mechanic. Is that inaccurate?
        
         | paulcole wrote:
         | I was rated around 1600 about 15 years ago and just discovered
         | Woogles through Mack Meller's Mack vs. Machine series on
         | YouTube. I definitely won't study again, but for a quick game
         | against a bot it's quite fun!
        
         | lairv wrote:
         | You seem passionate about it, so you should definitely keep
         | going
         | 
         | > Hasbro is litigious
         | 
         | > I'm not going to charge without getting sue
         | 
         | I don't think this is a thing ? There's this website which is a
         | web Catan game ( https://colonist.io/ ) which is at least as
         | niche as Scrabble, and they seem to be doing well
        
         | quickthrower2 wrote:
         | Are you obsessed with scrabble... or could that obsession be
         | broadened to "word games" including wordle, crosswords, other
         | word games (boggle?). Maybe time to make your own original
         | game? That may get you further away from hasbro.
        
         | simonh wrote:
         | In the old days we used to call those hobbies.
        
         | ftxbro wrote:
         | I remember looking this up before, and game rule sets are not
         | protected in USA. You can't make some game rules and say that
         | other people can't make that game. The things that are
         | protected are the things that go along with the game, like if
         | you use any trademark name in the game or if you use any
         | protected media like if it's a card game then you can't use the
         | same card art. My understanding is that you can make a game
         | with the same rules as scrabble and not call it scrabble or use
         | their art and you are allowed to do it.
         | 
         | Edit: this is getting upvoted so maybe at this point I should
         | say I'm not a lawyer and this isn't legal advice lol
        
           | jacobolus wrote:
           | In theory. In practice, depends what judge you pull, and
           | you'd better have deep pockets for legal fights.
           | 
           | My friends made a Tetris-like game (under a different name,
           | with unrelated art, just broadly similar rules) and were sued
           | out of existence by The Tetris Company. Even though they were
           | legally in the clear according to theoretical analysis, the
           | judge took a brief look and decided "this seems like it
           | should be a violation" and summarily decided in the Tetris
           | Company's favor, without even engaging with any of the issues
           | involved. Their pro-bono lawyers decided they didn't have the
           | resources to mount an appeal, so that was the end of that.
        
             | mortenjorck wrote:
             | An interesting discussion from 2019:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19533219
             | 
             |  _Tetris Holdings, LLC v. Xio Interactive, Inc._ held that
             | the tetrominoes are  "expression; they are not part of the
             | ideas, rules, or functions of the game," which certainly
             | seems open to dispute, but I could just as easily imagine
             | the same standard being applied to letter tiles with a
             | score value in the corner.
             | 
             | So yeah, unless you have a few spare million to get this
             | precedent overturned, it's probably not worth it.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | Aeolun wrote:
               | Wait what? That's not expression. Without the blocks
               | being the shapes they are there wouldn't be a (viable)
               | game, so it's clearly part of the rules.
               | 
               | Whether the blocks look like jelly or concrete is
               | expression. Or even the exact graphics they use in
               | Tetris.
               | 
               | But the fact there's blocks in preconfigured shapes (and
               | what those shapes are) is game rules. There's only so
               | many ways you can stick four blocks together...
        
               | jacobolus wrote:
               | Yeah, the judge's gut-feel decision that using
               | tetrominoes is not part of the functional rules of the
               | game seemed absurd to me. But hey, when you are the judge
               | you can more or less decide however you want, and the
               | only one who can say otherwise is the next appellate
               | court.
               | 
               | Disclaimer: I made the "art" for Xio's game (i.e. I
               | picked the colors and drew all the tiles and menu buttons
               | etc. on my laptop in photoshop) as a favor to my friends,
               | so am not an unbiased reporter. As a reward I got to sit
               | through a long deposition. :-)
        
           | ralphc wrote:
           | Sounds like words with friends.
        
       | andrewstuart wrote:
       | I feel like I'm doing my greatest project at the moment.
       | 
       | I enjoy PGs work but I'm not a fanboy.
       | 
       | However in this case it's uncanny that the path of this work I am
       | doing is precisely as he has described here.
       | 
       | I kinda knew already I was making something special but it's
       | almost like PG has been leaning over my shoulder watching my
       | thinking and watching my work process over years.
       | 
       | In fact this article is "great work" because actually distilling
       | the essence of, and describing, great work would have been
       | incredibly hard.
       | 
       | The article describes the process it must have taken to write the
       | article. Kinda recursive.
        
         | mkoubaa wrote:
         | I feel the same way, and I think it's really nice read for
         | someone who's a decade or so into their career and has been
         | head down chasing their interests im obscurity. The privelege
         | of doing that is its own reward but it's easy to see why this
         | approach leads to great outcomes.
         | 
         | P.S.Why do you feel the need to say you're not a fanboy? Are
         | you assuming that a positive statement about his work implies
         | that you are and that you afraid of that impression ?
        
       | photochemsyn wrote:
       | This is a good article, but I don't think it acknowledges the
       | challenges and dangers that come with working in disruptive
       | technology fields. There are certain fields where great work is
       | welcomed by all, and although their may be a competition between
       | interested parties over who gets to control (i.e. profit from)
       | the fruits of your work, nobody is interested in actively
       | suppressing technological progress in that field. For example,
       | nobody I know of wants to suppress the development of faster
       | computer chips - although the US government doesn't want China to
       | have access to the latest ASML process technology.
       | 
       | There are many fields where this is not true - e.g. neither Apple
       | nor Microsoft were thrilled about the development of the open-
       | source Linux operating system for decades. Similarly, renewable
       | energy technology funding has been actively suppressed at the
       | federal funding level in the USA by politicians in the pay of the
       | fossil fuel sector since the 1970s, as even a cursory examination
       | of DOE budgets will reveal. Decentralized robust energy grids not
       | under the control of large investor conglomerates are another
       | touchy subject.
       | 
       | Nevertheless, it's possible to do great work in these fields but
       | only if you understand the forces arrayed against you in great
       | detail. In some cases, making progress might require fairly
       | radical solutions. For renewable energy development, moving to a
       | country whose economy is not based on fossil fuel exports and
       | which already is interested in replacing fossil fuel imports with
       | renewables might be the optimal solution, particularly if the
       | kind of work you have in mind requires expensive technological
       | support. Otherwise, you'll have to accept shoestring budgets and
       | active opposition to your work.
       | 
       | There are a rather large number of fields where these issues
       | arise. Academic institutions have largely been corporatized in
       | the USA, and one side-effect is the gutting of environmental
       | contaminant research programs that measured things like heavy
       | metals, organochlorine contaminants, etc. in water, plants and
       | soil. Similarly, research progams that focused on the potential
       | uses of out-of-patent medicinal compounds were eliminated because
       | the private pharmaceutical partners of universities were only
       | interested in new patentable compounds. Of course, there are
       | fields where you'll get lots of support - development of military
       | drone technology, say.
       | 
       | This kind of situation isn't a new phenomena. Historically,
       | technological stagnation is associated with the rise of
       | autocratic monopoly power in all civilizations. The printing
       | press was a threat to the established order in medieval Europe,
       | the electric lightbulb was a threat to the kerosene lamp and oil
       | business (note it took FDR's New Deal to electrify Rural
       | America), and so on. Therefore, if you plan on doing great work
       | in a disruptive technology field, don't be surprised when you run
       | into headwinds of various sorts. Such forces can often be
       | overcome (Linux eventually succeeded on a large scale), but
       | pretending they don't exist is the worst mistake you can make.
       | Understanding those opposing forces in detail is going to be a
       | necessary first step.
        
       | bryanmgreen wrote:
       | I think it's important to note there are two types of "great
       | work"
       | 
       | 1) Where you have work expertise that is objectively higher than
       | your peers or in the top percentile of your industry due to
       | natural skills or experience or both.
       | 
       | 2) Where you have do not have top-percentile expertise, but are
       | hitting the limits of your capabilities. Maxing out your
       | performance is the only way to know your limits and get better.
       | Sometimes you just can't improve, but if you're doing your best,
       | that's great work too.
       | 
       | I have my own business and while I think there are people out
       | there who could do it better, everyday I'm putting in my best and
       | learning a lot. What more could I realistically ask for?
        
         | zeroonetwothree wrote:
         | The third type is where you just got lucky. For example a one
         | hit wonder musician or writer. Your baseline abilities aren't
         | that good but you hit the high side of variance.
        
           | ftxbro wrote:
           | fourth type is when someone else does the great work and you
           | get the credit
        
             | n6242 wrote:
             | Fifth type is when do something crappy but then someone
             | else looks at it and for whatever reason they think it's
             | great.
        
               | notpachet wrote:
               | The older I get, the bigger I think category 5 actually
               | is.
        
             | anonyme-honteux wrote:
             | That's so true, why bother doing great work, which is a lot
             | of work, when you can get the credit of many people doing
             | it?
             | 
             | That's what Elon Musk has done since the start of his
             | career and it has worked pretty well for him. For that you
             | need to be a really good hype man because it's objectively
             | true that great work that nobody knows about is pure waste.
             | You need to be rich because in the US it's assumed that
             | this means something awesome about you personally. You need
             | to be the one who always announce the news on Twitter, you
             | don't even have to lie, your strongest fan will assume you
             | did all the work. Like they believe he is the founder of
             | Tesla. Like they believe he is the real life Tony Stark.
             | Like they believe that he, not the actual rocket scientists
             | working at Tesla, design all those rockets. Like they
             | believe that he invented the hyperloop when he renamed the
             | vactrain concept from hundred years ago and then couldn't
             | build it because it's bullshit. Like they believe he will
             | save humanity by helping us anytime soon to escape Earth
             | that people like him are destroying.
             | 
             | I don't really care about Elon Musk. The guy is a mix
             | between a Tech Robber Baron and an emotionally immature 14
             | years old who has read too much science fiction. And
             | remember more the fiction than the science.
             | 
             | OTOH his fan club is a fascinating experiment on how a cult
             | of personality develops in public and in real time.
        
               | quacked wrote:
               | I work in the aerospace industry and know several current
               | and former senior engineers at SpaceX. None of them would
               | agree with your assessment that Musk has done no
               | meaningful work for SpaceX, or is a poor engineer
               | incapable of valuable work.
               | 
               | I don't disagree with your read on his lack of maturity,
               | or that he takes credit for work he hasn't done, or that
               | his fans believe he is singularly responsible for the
               | accomplishments of his teams. However, it's odd that Musk
               | is so obsessively hated. I believe his passionate
               | detractors are under a similar polarizing spell as his
               | passionate fans, only in the opposite direction of "hero
               | worship".
        
               | ftxbro wrote:
               | > "I work in the aerospace industry and know several
               | current and former senior engineers at SpaceX. None of
               | them would agree with your assessment that Musk has done
               | no meaningful work for SpaceX, or is a poor engineer
               | incapable of valuable work."
               | 
               | Could you expand that more? Like what meaningful work did
               | your acquaintances say Musk did for SpaceX and what
               | valuable engineering work did they think he was capable
               | of doing?
               | 
               | Maybe Musk socially engineered a kind of nerd
               | reputational ant mill
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ant_mill where everyone who
               | works in the aerospace industry knows several current and
               | former senior engineers at SpaceX, none of whom agree
               | with the assessment that Musk has done no meaningful work
               | for SpaceX, or is a poor engineer incapable of valuable
               | work.
               | 
               | I know he had pocket emeralds when he was a teenager and
               | he bought twitter and made a lot of stupid tweets, but
               | those things don't take much time, maybe in his other
               | time he did amazing things.
        
               | anonyme-honteux wrote:
               | I'm talking about the fan perception of Musk.
               | 
               | For example Jordan Peterson went on stage to say
               | somethink (not exact quote) like: "Elon Musk wow. He
               | wanted to built an electric car which is basically
               | impossible and yet he went on, nobody thought he would be
               | possible and he went on to fouund Tesla and now it
               | works".
               | 
               | In real life though the first electric car was invented
               | in 1881, because electricity and fossil fuels have always
               | been the two obvious sources of energy for making a car.
               | 
               | Elon Musk wasn't the founder of Tesla, he bought it. He
               | played a role sure. But obviously, painfully so, he
               | didn't do the Tesla engineering alone. Tesla in fact pays
               | shitloads of engineers to do the engineering. And Tesla
               | is just one company making electric cars. Elon Musk
               | brought the hype, the money, sometimes the right
               | decisions, sometimes the wrong decisions, sometimes the
               | toxic workplace. And he got lots of money from big
               | government.
               | 
               | And sociology taught us you don't have to be rich when
               | you start your career. But that it sure helps a lot when
               | you have no shortage of money, good education, you are a
               | dude, your mother tongue is english, you know the right
               | people, you are an illegal alien but that's okay because
               | you come from a white supremacist country, and you happen
               | to be here during the california gold rush, I mean the
               | silicon valley in the 90s.
               | 
               | When you check all those boxes, you are much more likely
               | to become a "self made man"
        
               | anonyme-honteux wrote:
               | I'm not talking about Musk, it may be hard to believe,
               | but I genuinely don't care about him. He is the current
               | guy with too much money, fame and ego.
               | 
               | I'm talking about his fans and their perceptions of Musk.
               | They hear "he is the real life Tony Stark" and they think
               | "WOW" instead of Tony Stark is a character of fiction
               | that can't possibly exist in reality".
               | 
               | Absurdity is fascinating to me.
        
               | hgomersall wrote:
               | To flip that on its head, most people who do great work
               | do it explicitly for someone else. Or put another way:
               | you can build equity for yourself, or you can build
               | equity for someone else.
        
               | ftxbro wrote:
               | sometimes that depends on circumstance how easy or hard
               | that decision is, for example if you got pocket emeralds
               | as allowance from your parents when you were a teenager
               | it might be easier to have means and agency to build
               | equity for yourself, whereas if you were literally a
               | medieval serf born into a fief then it might be harder to
               | make this decision to build equity for yourself maybe you
               | will have to revolt
        
               | ftxbro wrote:
               | I think some of the fan phenomenon is just how much money
               | he has, although of course that's not the only thing.
               | Like if he plans to spend all his money over the next
               | decade (probably he doesn't) and he doesn't make any more
               | money or interest, then if you can get one single second
               | of his financial attention, then that is worth like a
               | thousand dollars, so of course anyone like that will be
               | swarmed by so many people.
        
               | anonyme-honteux wrote:
               | It's not obvious that this must happen actually. Bernard
               | Arnault is as rich and sometimes richer than Elon Musk.
               | But there is no big Bernard Arnault cult in France. He is
               | recognized as a very efficient business shark but not
               | worshipped. It's all about cultural relationship to
               | money, and France and the US have a quite different
               | relationship to money, although they have in common that
               | it's a werid relationship to money.
        
         | closeparen wrote:
         | I don't think you have to be better than your peers to do great
         | work, unless they're direct competitors. You could be working
         | on something they're not, approaching it in a way that they
         | haven't, making a creative expression of something particular
         | to your own nature and experiences.
        
         | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
         | Surely there's another type where your work is _good_ but not,
         | in isolation, truly extraordinary, but either by chance or by
         | understanding the problem space is applied in a place that has
         | a massive impact.
        
       | raminf wrote:
       | I agree with almost everything said here, especially the value of
       | curiosity and experimentation.
       | 
       | A few thoughts:
       | 
       | - Every project is at its most exciting right in the beginning
       | when it's new, and toward the end where the end is in sight. The
       | trick is staying engaged and interested in the long, flat middle
       | where progress comes in small dribs and there are frequent
       | setbacks.
       | 
       | - Another point I wish the essay made is that many projects reach
       | a point at which it is best to reveal it to others. That is one
       | of the most scary parts, of exposing oneself to criticism and
       | doubt. It's what petrifies so many people from even starting. But
       | if you embrace it not as the end, but as part of the process and
       | a natural part of the evolution of the idea, it can itself be
       | turned into a motivator. It's your first milestone. You WANT to
       | get to that point, as a checkpoint. Seek out the feedback,
       | adjust, and press on.
       | 
       | - In fact, more should be said about the emotional part of doing
       | projects. The love (or lust), the fear, the frustration, the
       | doubt, and yes, the joy. All those human emotions are part of
       | doing any work. We can run away from it and try to avoid it, or
       | realize it comes with the territory.
       | 
       | - Another thing that comes with experience and age is knowing
       | what to say NO to, and avoid getting pulled away into the
       | tributaries. It's easy to get distracted by side quests and to
       | engage in bike-shedding. In fact, sometimes it's necessary for
       | one's mental health. But it is best to keep an eye on the main
       | goal that got us excited about the idea in the first place.
       | Knowing when the break is over and it is time to get back to main
       | path is a trick that seems to only come with age.
       | 
       | - Lastly, there is great value in brevity (this is not a critique
       | of PG's excellent essay :-) Imagine meeting a friend and they ask
       | what you are working on. You tell them a long, complicated story,
       | and their eyes glaze over. Next person, you learn to shorten it.
       | Same result. You iterate. Soon, you've boiled it down to a short
       | sentence you can rattle off without thinking. That's the nugget
       | of the idea. The through-line. It's the blurb on the back of the
       | book, the opening line of the website, and the executive summary
       | of the grant application or pitch deck. At some point, all works
       | need to be explained to someone else, before they become Great
       | Works.
        
       | johnnyAghands wrote:
       | Kind of strange I'm getting a certificate error for this site...
       | wondering if its just me. Strange.
        
       | lanstin wrote:
       | One wonders if he imagines writing and selling Viaweb during the
       | dot com time was greatness comparable to discovering new physics.
        
       | artisanspam wrote:
       | As I've gotten older, I believe more and more that having a
       | desire for great work has more negatives than it does positives.
       | This post really demonstrates why I believe this - mainly because
       | PG doesn't touch at all on _why_ someone would want to do great
       | work while romanticizing how great it is to have that desire.
       | 
       | I don't think the question that ambitious people should be asking
       | themselves is "what is work that I can do that will be great?"
       | but something more akin to "what is work that I will find
       | fulfilling?" _Why_ do you want your work to be great? Do you
       | think that the work being perceived as  "great" is fulfilling in
       | and of itself? What are you trying to prove through this work,
       | and whom are you trying to prove it to? These are important
       | questions to ask yourself because, otherwise, you're going to end
       | up getting burnt out and wondering what all of your effort was
       | really for.
       | 
       | A personal anecdote: when I was younger, I wanted to be great at
       | piano. I played it since I was very young and I spent many hours
       | playing it through my teens. I competed against others at music
       | festivals with moderate success, and I wanted to continue doing
       | great work with it. But this environment put me in a terrible
       | headspace. I would frequently have angry outbursts when I made
       | minor mistakes while practicing. If not anger, I'd chastise
       | myself to the point of crying (I firmly believe this is what gave
       | me low self-esteem through my college years). When someone would
       | tell me to take a break given my emotional state, I'd firmly say
       | no and go back to practicing because... why would I stop? The
       | best piano players practice for hours a day non-stop. I'd spent
       | so many hours practicing and I was actually pretty good. I
       | wouldn't be able to do great work if I were to take a break.
       | 
       | It made me a competitive asshole, a sore loser, and a depressed
       | individual.
       | 
       | Ambition is still an admirable trait to have because, among other
       | things, it demonstrates that you have curiosity and a love for
       | life. But point I'm trying to make is that being ambitious for
       | great work simply because you want to do great work is not a
       | healthy way to do your work. You need to have a deeper reason for
       | why you've chosen the work that you do, and you shouldn't fall
       | for the romanticism that these sorts of essays put forth.
       | 
       | The work that you do will be great work if you have a reason for
       | doing it other than "I want to do something great."
        
         | rikroots wrote:
         | > The work that you do will be great work if you have a reason
         | for doing it other than "I want to do something great."
         | 
         | I've always had an issue with the word "great". Who defines
         | greatness? How will I know that I've achieved greatness in
         | whatever work I'm doing at any particular time.
         | 
         | For work, I know when my work is great because co-workers and
         | managers praise it: "nice fix", "some really good insights
         | here", etc.
         | 
         | Beyond work - there's a whole bunch of egos and social politics
         | that get tangled into the whole "what is great" thing:
         | 
         | - "Great poem"? Depends entirely on who is on the competition
         | judging panel or what mood the magazine editor is in when they
         | read your submission.
         | 
         | - "Great novel"? You've got to get it published first before
         | the reviewers can cast their judgments, and to get it published
         | you need to convince people that this is a great novel for the
         | specific reason that it will make them some money when they
         | publish it.
         | 
         | - "Great JS library"? People need to know it exists - and then
         | how do you measure its greatness? In my view great DevEx and
         | minimal issues raised in GitHub are just as important (if not
         | more important) than the elegance and speed of the code itself.
         | 
         | Nowadays I judge the greatness of my varied passion projects by
         | how well they please me. I am a harsh judge of myself: the days
         | when I manage to draft a poem that leaves me stunned with
         | wonder when I review it a few weeks later (for all poems should
         | be left to ferment for a few weeks before review) is how I
         | measure greatness. It's a rare occurence, but wondrous when it
         | happens!
        
           | nullcipher wrote:
           | > For work, I know when my work is great because co-workers
           | and managers praise it: "nice fix", "some really good
           | insights here", etc.
           | 
           | They only said nice and good though not great. I would say if
           | your CEO came down and said that's awesome, then it's great
           | work. (for you)
           | 
           | As for me, I don't think too much about word semantics. No
           | advice can be given or taken if you take each word apart. We
           | will just keep arguing about details and miss the point.
        
             | lying4fun wrote:
             | It depends how much you value/respect your co-workers. In a
             | high level team "good insight" can mean "great work". I am
             | not saying you disagree with this, but you may have made
             | assumptions about the parent's team and his relation to it.
             | Conversely, a "great work" from a CEO can mean nothing to a
             | person
        
         | civilized wrote:
         | I wonder if you might have found it more fulfilling if you had
         | received some psychological help with all the harshness on
         | yourself.
        
           | cmdli wrote:
           | As somebody who has struggled with similar issues, oftentimes
           | the psychological help you need is to de-emphasize the
           | ambition and success. You have to act against the expectation
           | and dreams of greatness, and instead focus on your present
           | state and appreciating that. It's not impossible to do great
           | work and be happy, but it's very easy to let your dreams
           | consume you.
        
         | mindwok wrote:
         | I have also followed a similar trajectory to you. My early 20's
         | I wanted to do something 'great'. But my ambition was what Paul
         | identified in this post as the type that precedes experience.
         | As a result, I became restless, agitated if I thought I wasn't
         | pursuing the right things, competitive.
         | 
         | That is slowly disappearing from me, for the better. Now I just
         | try to focus on doing things as well as I can. I don't worry
         | about what to do, because really that will flow from your
         | intuition. Just do what you want to do. Maybe it'll be great,
         | maybe not, but you can't force greatness.
        
         | mkoubaa wrote:
         | If great people didn't exist we are all doomed
        
           | xapata wrote:
           | Not all people who do great work are great people. In fact, I
           | suspect a negative correlation.
        
             | inglor_cz wrote:
             | For a current example, see Elon Musk. Even here on a
             | relatively level-headed hacking forum, any discussion of
             | Musk will turn into poo-flinging between fanboys that
             | worship him and haters who deny that success of his
             | companies has anything to do with him.
        
             | mkoubaa wrote:
             | Great person does not imply good person. My comment was
             | about great people
        
         | andzuck wrote:
         | Thanks for zooming out and sharing these questions that
         | challenge pg's assumption from the beginning. I felt caught in
         | the essay's ethos and throngs the moment I started reading.
         | This helps me pause
        
         | Wowfunhappy wrote:
         | I agree, and I think this conflict is actually visible within
         | the essay. One particular parenthetical jumped out at me:
         | 
         | > So avoid the kind of distraction that pushes your work out of
         | the top spot, or you'll waste this valuable type of thinking on
         | the distraction instead. (Exception: Don't avoid love.)
         | 
         | PG never explains why love is an exception. Perhaps he thought
         | it was obvious. I disagree.
         | 
         | I agree that familial love is important to _the overall human
         | experience_. But this isn 't an essay on how to live a
         | fulfilling life, it's an essay on "how to do great work," for a
         | so-called "very ambitious" person who wants to achieve "great
         | work" at any cost. In this context, familial love is no less of
         | a distraction than anything else. History is littered with
         | eccentric artists who prioritized their work above any human
         | interaction, and achieved fame for it.
         | 
         | So why does PG say not to avoid love? I believe it's because
         | deep down, he realizes that "great work" _isn 't_ the most
         | important thing in life--but he isn't quite aware enough to
         | acknowledge it.
        
           | sanderjd wrote:
           | I don't think this essay ever actually made the value
           | judgment that doing "great work" is "the most important thing
           | in life" or even a good thing in life. Did I miss that part?
           | I read it as, "for better or worse, some people are driven to
           | do great work, here are some techniques to accomplish that".
           | I think it's true, right?, that such people do exist, whether
           | that is good or bad for them.
           | 
           | I suppose I know enough of his history to know that he
           | _would_ make that value judgment, but I read this particular
           | essay as being fairly agnostic about it, leaving it up to the
           | reader.
        
         | koopuluri wrote:
         | I agree. To your point, I feel the most useful questions we
         | ought to ask are the ones that push us to understand our
         | deepest selves: the desires, insecurities, fears that dictate
         | why we do what we do.
         | 
         | Without that deeper understanding, we're more easily trapped
         | into following someone else's / the collective culture's
         | programming of our minds - which likely doesn't prioritize our
         | own individual well-being.
         | 
         | And ofc this is a lifelong journey. I can't imagine waking up
         | anytime soon thinking I understand what happens in the deepest
         | recesses of my mind, but without having a reasonable sense of
         | the deeper motivations, it's easy to read this essay by PG and
         | feel a craving to "do great work" without understanding why or
         | the impact this craving can have on your wellbeing.
        
         | sanderjd wrote:
         | I'm inclined to agree with you about whether this is the best
         | path to a good life.
         | 
         | But I also don't think the essay actually does romanticize
         | "great work". I read it as, "if you are the kind of person who
         | naturally has this kind of ambition, this essay will speak to
         | you, and if you aren't that kind of person, it won't". That is,
         | I think it's necessary for you to be that kind of person, in
         | order to read the essay as a romanticism. And clearly you have
         | that in you, as your anecdote about piano demonstrates. And
         | even though you have concluded that this is not a good facet of
         | your personality, it's hard to truly shake it.
         | 
         | Personally, this plight really speaks to me (and I'm sorry if
         | I'm just projecting that onto you...). When I really think
         | about it, the happiest most chill times in my life and career
         | are when I've just been plugging away doing useful and well-
         | compensated work, but definitely not "great work" in the
         | essay's sense. I have told myself many times to just do that
         | and do fun and enriching things with my friends and family and
         | be content with that. But it never fails, I always get the nag
         | eventually, to be more ambitious, to try to do work that is
         | more impactful, more "great". So this essay spoke to me,
         | because of that trait I seem to have, even if I'm totally
         | unconvinced that it is the best path to a good life.
         | 
         | And I don't think this is universal. I think nearly everyone I
         | know would instead read this essay as "that sounds exhausting
         | and terrible" and, as the essay alludes to at the end, would
         | not make it very deep into it.
         | 
         | But yeah, striving to do the kind of "great work" that this
         | essay is talking about is certainly not what I want for my
         | children... The best outcome is succeeding after a huge life-
         | impacting amount of work, and the more likely outcome is
         | constant nagging doubt without any pot of gold at the end.
        
         | movedx wrote:
         | I've been studying a lot of Buddhism as of late. One thing it
         | has taught me in the Middle Way. In short, it means do nothing
         | in excess, which includes doing nothing at all.
         | 
         | This balanced view leads to me to believe you, Paul, and
         | "hustle culture" that's all over YouTube are both right and
         | wrong. I've come to live by a simple system...
         | 
         | Try to do fulfilling work that's meaningful to future
         | generations, whilst also putting back into society as much
         | positive value as you can versus what you consume.
         | 
         | So far, this has led me to the model of, "Learn a skill, give a
         | skill". The term "give" can be exchanged for "sell" depending
         | on the receiver. This has led me to learn complex skills and
         | problem solving (consuming from society), and then giving back
         | in the form of books, videos, mentoring, and more (putting
         | back) so that others can learn from my experience.
         | 
         | At the end of the day though, who really knows? :-)
        
           | namaria wrote:
           | I agree with the sentiment and that of grandparent. But I
           | take issue with the notion of fulfillment. I think we ought
           | to strive to do things that drain us. You can't fulfill
           | yourself continuously. You can't learn if your head is full.
           | We have this 'my heart if full' turn of phrase that makes the
           | next sentence confusing, but you can't love if your heart is
           | full (of things you hold on to).
           | 
           | Same thing with trying to leave a legacy, or trying to make
           | an impact. If you decide some thing or another is a goal,
           | with the best altruistic reasoning, you're still first
           | choosing something to hold on to, and then putting effort
           | into attaching more and more to that.
           | 
           | We need to perform life because we are living beings. We go
           | through the acts of nourishment and socialization because we
           | are at that stage, being people on Earth. But seeking any
           | personally chosen result or goal is self delusion. Letting go
           | of what I think is the right thing, and pouring myself into
           | my life, as I interact with others and gain opportunities to
           | listen to them, work alongside them, decide together what to
           | do and do it. I am alive because the universe pours into me.
           | I need to pour forth. That's how things flow through their
           | natural progression.
        
           | jiggywiggy wrote:
           | You speak mostly of not getting attached. Which is mostly a
           | method not to build negative karma in Buddhism and build
           | positive karma. But positive karma is not a goal in itself in
           | Buddhism, realization is.
           | 
           | The Madhyamaka way, translated to the great middle way,
           | mostly refers to combining freedom & meaning from emptiness.
           | Meaning things are neither real, nor or they an illusion.
           | Therefore the middle.
           | 
           | This is because understanding emptiness often leads to
           | nihilism: "nothing really matters". The opposite seeing
           | things as real, instead of acknowledging everything is
           | changing, often leads to suffering: if laptop breaks,
           | relationships end etc. Both are true and both are false.
           | 
           | The goal of madhymaka is to explain middle way between those
           | and also practical how that leads to freedom, joy and meaning
           | in every moment of life.
           | 
           | In the end the goal of Buddhism is not to change outer
           | conditions but to get to a state were hapiness is experienced
           | regardless of outer experiences.
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madhyamaka
        
           | sheepscreek wrote:
           | Reading this, I had an epiphany just now.
           | 
           | What you've shared is essentially Dharma. Or giving back from
           | a sense of duty, or as a matter of principle.
           | 
           | Interestingly, Karma preaches: if you give to those in need,
           | you will receive in return when you're in need.
           | 
           | Although the motivations are different in both teachings
           | (Buddhism vs. Hinduism, with carrot vs. stick if you will),
           | they have the same effect - to reach an equilibrium in
           | society.
           | 
           | Edited: For clarity
        
             | yoble wrote:
             | I see this simple version of Karma talked about quite often
             | in the general public and it's pretty far from my
             | understanding of Karma in Buddhism.
             | 
             | Karma is a consequence of Dependent Origination - basically
             | that things arise dependent on other things, and there is
             | nothing that's outside of the law of cause and effet (hence
             | no eternal, unchanging, eternally happy Self, which is the
             | type of Self, or soul/atta(pali)/atman(sanskrit) the Buddha
             | was talking about).
             | 
             | Karma means your intentional thoughts and actions all have
             | consequences.
             | 
             | If you give to those in need, that ripples through the
             | world and yeah, you're more likely to get good things
             | because you're building a good life. There's no need for a
             | "cosmic justice" that will weigh what you did and give you
             | the exact same amount when you're in a similar situation.
             | You have more probability of receiving help (cause you've
             | got friends now), but you might still be unlucky and don't
             | receive any help.
             | 
             | That's on the material level but it goes further than that
             | - by acting and thinking wholesomely, less based on your
             | own craving and delusion, you're cultivating a mind that's
             | less likely to act based on craving and delusion. It's
             | simple cause and effect again, and it depends much less on
             | external conditions since it's internal.
             | 
             | (Now the word Karma is used differently in different
             | tradition, so the general idea of "cosmic retribution"
             | might be what it refers too in some of those. When I
             | understood more this version of Karma it made a whole lot
             | more sense, so I'm sharing that here.)
             | 
             | I found this article by Culadasa really enlightening on the
             | topic: https://s3.amazonaws.com/dharmatreasure/20130322--
             | what-the-b...
        
             | movedx wrote:
             | That's right. For me, it's essentially living a Bodhisattva
             | life.
        
         | hopa wrote:
         | Completely agreed. Media excessively romanticizes compulsive
         | workers.
        
           | movedx wrote:
           | Not to mention to the 5am hustle. Only people who get up at
           | 5am and smash out their book for the first three hours of the
           | day, before starting work, are winners... /s
        
         | quickthrower2 wrote:
         | It is lonely doing hard work without some attaboys. Being some
         | famous techie that people refer to you in droves by only your
         | first name, or publishing a highly referenced paper, or exiting
         | a startup with millions are great attaboys. But you sort of
         | need to risk working hard and getting no cash and no attaboys.
         | I think passion (that dirty word!) is needed to drive you to do
         | the moonshot thing.
         | 
         | I often think we are a bee colony. We need lots of people
         | trying ambitious stuff but few will get that attaboy kick. We
         | need failures (otherwise everyone is not ambitious enough).
        
           | sanderjd wrote:
           | I think "passion" just isn't the best word for it. I much
           | prefer (and relate to) the use of "curiosity" instead in this
           | essay.
        
       | nathias wrote:
       | a great work has many conditions, and takes a lifetime dedication
       | from early on
        
       | uptownfunk wrote:
       | Anytime PG published an article I want to go "sshhhh why are you
       | telling them that you're giving away all my hard earned secrets!"
       | 
       | Great article
        
       | pcurve wrote:
       | I liked these two snippets at the end.
       | 
       | "Many more people could try to do great work than do. What holds
       | them back is a combination of modesty and fear. "
       | 
       | "Do you want to do great work, or not? Now you have to decide
       | consciously. "
        
       | RadixDLT wrote:
       | Unlocking your full potential comes down to one thing: passion.
       | Find what lights a fire within you and let it fuel your journey
       | towards doing great work.
        
       | kurosawa wrote:
       | This felt somehow complementary to Dr Seuss' "Oh the places
       | you'll go", specifically, part two and/or a commentary on part
       | one. Thanks for this.
        
       | jb1991 wrote:
       | I can't help but feel this essay is literally 100x longer than it
       | needs to be for the point it's trying to make. This sort of long-
       | winded, redundant writing seems to have gone out of style a long
       | time ago.
        
         | carlossouza wrote:
         | Although I enjoy reading his essays, yes, they tend to be
         | longer than usual.
         | 
         | I wonder whether he uses an editor to provide constructive
         | feedback before publishing it or just writes and clicks
         | "publish."
         | 
         | Interestingly, I found that point missing: people who do great
         | work usually have editors/mentors/advisors to help them along
         | the way.
        
           | andromaton wrote:
           | Scroll to the bottom. He always credits multiple people. I
           | assume all of them read his drafts.
        
         | smokel wrote:
         | Perhaps I am a bit too cynical here, but I think that it is
         | harder to criticize a long-winded article than a short bold
         | statement -- thereby making it slightly more comfortable to
         | publish. For a critical reader, it takes a lot of effort to
         | read the entire article, then check that its flaws are not
         | nullified by some additional arguments, etc.
        
         | williamstein wrote:
         | > "Believe it or not, I tried to make this essay as short as I
         | could. But its length at least means it acts as a filter. If
         | you made it this far, you must be interested in doing great
         | work. And if so you're already further along than you might
         | realize, because the set of people willing to want to is
         | small."
         | 
         | I scrolled up and down quickly through the essay, and the above
         | was the very first thing I randomly read.
        
           | jb1991 wrote:
           | I find that quote rather condescending. It's also an excuse
           | in disguise.
        
             | 331c8c71 wrote:
             | "You are special (if you made it so far)" part is a cheap
             | manipulation imo.
        
         | DaveSchmindel wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
         | the_common_man wrote:
         | Next you will say books are out of style
        
           | jb1991 wrote:
           | How so?
           | 
           | There is a difference between long-form writing and long-
           | winded writing.
        
         | grrdotcloud wrote:
         | Maybe hard work has gone out of style?
         | 
         | Yesterday I poured over two companies documentation. About 200
         | pages of their API docs only to find:
         | 
         | Dozen of typos. Errors in versions. Conflicts in examples.
         | Broken examples.
         | 
         | I barely invest in this much reading but this time I did
         | because I was trying to deliver and sure enough I'm able to
         | benefit our entire product because of this effort.
        
           | vsareto wrote:
           | It's hard to not be lazy in today's corporate environments.
           | You simply don't get much for putting in the extra effort.
           | 
           | Hard work needs incentives. Companies want you to light that
           | fire yourself so they don't have to pay extra. It's why I'm
           | not curious about anything work-related (plus it's hard to be
           | interested in CRUD apps after a decade). Even if I was, I'd
           | give the benefits to myself and not my company.
        
           | KnobbleMcKnees wrote:
           | Do you have examples of 200+ page API documentation that
           | doesn't have any errors or broken examples?
           | 
           | Sounds like the law of small errors to me:
           | 
           | https://www.maa.org/external_archive/devlin/devlin_4_00.html
        
             | imran-iq wrote:
             | Django docs come to mind
        
               | KnobbleMcKnees wrote:
               | https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/class-based-
               | views/...
               | 
               | > from article.view
               | 
               | Broken example due to typo.
               | 
               | I'm being facetious but it's actually easy to find them
               | because their are typo PRs open in their GitHub.
               | 
               | Hopefully demonstrates the point though: the law holds.
        
           | GavinMcG wrote:
           | By the way, and only because your comment suggests you care
           | about detail and will find this valuable: it's "pored over"
           | unless there was a liquid you were dumping on them.
        
             | echelon wrote:
             | > pored over
             | 
             | Let's change this. That's disgusting. Literally.
        
             | projektfu wrote:
             | It's lousy documentation but it makes great coffee.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | goodbyesf wrote:
           | [flagged]
        
       | worldta8 wrote:
       | From Zero to Millions: How Our Business Plan Transformed a
       | Startup into a Mega Success Story -
       | https://www.schoolterritory.com/2023/06/how-to-write-winning...
        
       | javajosh wrote:
       | There's so little great work done that the path is bound to be
       | idiosyncratic. I suspect that a lot of a great work sneaks up on
       | people. Sort of like great love. It's that jolt of inspiration
       | where you see something new. Like really new. If you're lucky,
       | the vision is very very clear. If you're unlucky, you might have
       | to spend an enormous amount of time clarifying it such that it
       | can be communicated to others. This implies there's a lot of
       | great work that dies along with the person who did it. I find
       | that very easy to believe.
        
       | norir wrote:
       | One might be forgiven for wondering if PG gets paid by the word.
        
       | shri_krishna wrote:
       | Not related to the post. I am genuinely curious. Does PG make his
       | own titles? And why is it a gif instead of a regular text? I know
       | the site has remained stuck in the 90s kind of web design and I
       | quite like it. However, I fail to understand why the title has to
       | be a gif instead of text. Is it autogenerating it in the backend
       | or did someone actually write it out in some graphical software,
       | exported the title to a gif and then hardcoded it into the HTML?
       | So many questions LMFAO
        
       | andreasmueller wrote:
       | This blog post is GREAT and INSPIRING!! Thank you so much! ---
       | What came in mind is: To attentively make use of the concepts of
       | static and dynamic quality (introduced in
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lila:_An_Inquiry_into_Morals).
        
       | thimkerbell wrote:
       | What question do you have about this essay?
       | 
       | (It would be interesting to know, without reading every comment,
       | what questions people have about it.)
        
         | thimkerbell wrote:
         | Question: how could comments on the essay be structured, so as
         | to give them maximum value for readers?
        
         | thimkerbell wrote:
         | Empirically, does bicycling work for coming up with ideas too?
         | (as walking and running do)
        
         | thimkerbell wrote:
         | What are the characteristics of an institution whose people do
         | great work? Would it be fair to compare Bell Labs to
         | Princeton's Institute for Advanced Study?
        
         | thimkerbell wrote:
         | How would you go about designing a high school or undergraduate
         | course in coming up with the questions, ideally including doing
         | work that raises them? What&where are some courses that do
         | this?
        
         | thimkerbell wrote:
         | The essay doesn't mention LLMs. Does their rapid progress
         | change the advice at all?
        
       | scarface_74 wrote:
       | > Develop a habit of working on your own projects. Don't let
       | "work" mean something other people tell you to do.
       | 
       | I spend eight hours+ a day supporting my addiction to food and
       | shelter. Why would I spend my free time working toward
       | "greatness" instead of doing hobbies I enjoy and spending time
       | with friends and family?
       | 
       | Any other time I have I'm spending working out and training for
       | runs - neither of which I will ever be great at.
        
         | stephendause wrote:
         | I certainly don't think you have to, and I don't think that's
         | what Graham is saying, either. For those who are ambitious/do
         | seek "greatness" in some form, though, I think this is a good
         | article.
        
         | helicalmix wrote:
         | There's literally a note that says the text assumes you're very
         | ambitious. If you have no desire to work towards some
         | definition of "greatness", I assume that you're not ambitious,
         | and the text doesn't apply to you.
         | 
         | Which is ok! You don't need to be ambitious, but it also means
         | you shouldn't take this essay so personally.
        
           | padolsey wrote:
           | Ambition is a pretty ambiguous term for what I think--here--
           | means "A strong yearning for a type of success characterised
           | by western capitalist-individualistic schema of wealth and
           | status." Cool if you want that I guess. But it's narrow af.
        
             | scaramanga wrote:
             | If you work hard, in the fields, every day, perhaps one day
             | you, too, could be a successful pharaoh like me. Said the
             | great wise pharaoh.
        
           | thisgoesnowhere wrote:
           | This is a oddly very narrow view of ambition.
        
             | q7xvh97o2pDhNrh wrote:
             | Genuinely not sure what you mean -- it seems like the
             | standard definition of ambition.
             | 
             | How would you define it?
        
               | vsareto wrote:
               | Ambition has a large dynamic range. Shooting for
               | greatness is closer to the extremes.
        
             | hcks wrote:
             | "Ambition is wanting to live any life you want" is not a
             | very useful concept
        
               | esafak wrote:
               | It literally means a strong desire to do or achieve
               | something.
        
         | chii wrote:
         | > Why would I spend my free time working toward "greatness"
         | 
         | you don't have to. But then don't wonder why you never achieve
         | greatness. Of course, life isn't about greatness.
        
           | emodendroket wrote:
           | Is Franz Kafka best remembered for how good he was at his day
           | job?
        
             | scarface_74 wrote:
             | And he died at 40 and this was his personal life:
             | 
             | > Kafka never married. According to Brod, Kafka was
             | "tortured" by sexual desire ... his life was full of
             | "incessant womanising" and that he was filled with a fear
             | of "sexual failure".[64] Kafka visited brothels for most of
             | his adult life[65][66][67] and was interested in
             | pornography.[63] In addition, he had close relationships
             | with several women during his lifetime. On 13 August 1912,
             | Kafka met Felice Bauer, a relative of Brod's, who worked in
             | Berlin as a representative of a dictaphone company. A week
             | after the meeting at Brod's home, Kafka wrote in his diary:
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | OK... neither here nor there for my point that nobody
               | remembers him as a clerk.
        
               | scarface_74 wrote:
               | Isn't that the point though? Do you think on his death
               | bed when he looked back at his relatively short life he
               | took solace in the fact that years in the future some
               | random people admired his "greatness" even though his
               | personal life was a mess?
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | I don't pretend to have any idea of his interior life but
               | I do think that if he invested his time in being great at
               | his job rather than a passion project with no real
               | practical purpose he would be forgotten. I like being a
               | dad but I don't think everyone has to do that or aspire
               | to it.
        
           | wsc981 wrote:
           | If you can be a great parent, you've already achieved
           | greatness from my point of view. And perhaps easier to
           | achieve.
        
         | amoshebb wrote:
         | > The following recipe assumes you're very ambitious.
         | 
         | No reason why. PG isn't writing to you. If you've got hobbies
         | that make you happy, relationships you love, and runs that keep
         | you healthy, I'm sure PG would tell you not to change anything.
        
         | ren_engineer wrote:
         | I think the idea here would be to manage your manager so you
         | can tie what work interests you into your job whenever
         | possible, implied by this section:
         | 
         | "Don't let "work" mean something other people tell you to do.
         | If you do manage to do great work one day, it will probably be
         | on a project of your own. It may be within some bigger project,
         | but you'll be driving your part of it."
         | 
         | as for time with family and friends, I'd say you can't have it
         | all. It's a personal decision on whether you want to achieve
         | "greatness" and what you are willing to sacrifice for it
        
         | scaramanga wrote:
         | Develop a habit of having a lot of dollars. Don't let life be
         | something you do without at least a billion of them.
         | 
         | You're totally welcome for the sage advice. Have a nice day.
         | 
         | haha.
        
         | ianbutler wrote:
         | I enjoy working on my side projects more so than other hobbies,
         | I have fun with them, it's not "work" in the sense as I think
         | you mean. I'm not working towards "greatness" as much as I have
         | ideas for projects that I think should exist and then want to
         | bring them into existence.
         | 
         | I truly and deeply find my chosen projects interesting and
         | stimulating in a way other things aren't.
         | 
         | I don't view work as a bad thing, with the caveat that it has
         | to be productive and interesting work that goes towards
         | something I think is impactful where the definition of
         | impactful is personal.
         | 
         | I'm not saying your way is incorrect or bad or anything, just
         | providing the perspective of someone who spends a lot of time
         | working and how I feel about it.
        
         | CoastalCoder wrote:
         | Sometimes that side work prepares you for a day job that's more
         | enjoyable and/or pays better.
        
           | saiya-jin wrote:
           | Sure, but also sometimes you waste your life working thinking
           | you kick ass left and right, till you arrive at certain
           | point, ie retirement and realize you actually wasted your
           | life, and no amount of money can change that. Sure, you have
           | a some freedom ahead of you, but only as much as your health,
           | finances and other circumstances allow you to, and this is
           | usually less than people project earlier.
           | 
           | Plus family happens _now_ for many of us, and not later. Kids
           | need their parents, not their money. Its a grave mistake that
           | hurts badly your closest ones for life to prioritize
           | excellence in 1 direction over everything else, especially
           | them.
           | 
           | I'll always have endless amount of respect of people raising
           | their kids properly themselves into mature, happy adults who
           | know what they want in life and go for it, even if it means
           | they just worked to live. I don't have even a cubic picometer
           | of respect for folks who end up doing the opposite,
           | regardless of what they achieved professionally. This world
           | needs new generation of balanced adults much much more than
           | some search optimized by 0.1% or some marginally improved
           | social graph monetization.
           | 
           | Of course not everybody wants, needs or can create a family,
           | that's fine but another topic, then I agree with you more.
        
             | scarface_74 wrote:
             | After staying at a job for too long by 2008 and barely
             | surviving the recession at a startup until 2012 and also
             | getting married the same year and (gladly) becoming the
             | father to my then 9 and 14 year old stepsons, I changed
             | jobs six times and pushed myself to get ahead until 2020
             | and falling into a mid level position at BigTech (cloud
             | consulting department).
             | 
             | I then tried to stay on the treadmill and I spent about a
             | year working toward a promotion by increasing my "scope"
             | and "impact".
             | 
             | I then realized by 2022 at 48 years old, why? I make more
             | than "enough" especially seeing I work remotely.
             | 
             | I then told my manager I was just interested in "improving
             | in my current role" and my wife and I decided to do
             | something completely different:
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36306966
             | 
             | I've never been happier not trying to be "great" and being
             | "content"
        
           | scarface_74 wrote:
           | I found it much better to work "overtime" at my day job to
           | learn new to me technologies and do POCs if the company is
           | not using the technology or to volunteer for assignments
           | based on something I don't know well and put in extra time to
           | meet the deadline.
           | 
           | One reason is that I can seek feedback from coworkers and
           | polish the POC. I also can take advantage of infrastructure
           | that may be cost prohibitive to test something at scale based
           | on real world usage.
           | 
           | The other reason is that for my next job, it's much more
           | impressive to say I spearheaded work for a company than a
           | hobbyist side project.
           | 
           | Yes I know one advantage of your own side project is that you
           | can show your code. But most of the time the hiring manager
           | isn't going to take time to look at your work anyway.
           | 
           | I have personally been fortunate enough to have unfettered
           | Admin access to an AWS account on someone else's dime between
           | two jobs for the past five years where I could experiment and
           | learn on the job.
        
         | brigadier132 wrote:
         | What's your complaint? That this article is not targeted at
         | you? The article is titled "how to do great work". If you
         | aren't interested in doing great work then you are not the
         | target audience.
        
           | skribanto wrote:
           | Does HN really think this? 99% of people will have neutral to
           | negative impact on the world 10 yrs post mortem. None of us
           | are the target audience is this article
        
             | brigadier132 wrote:
             | The words you wrote make sense but are filled with so many
             | assumptions and beliefs that I actually don't understand
             | what you are trying to say.
             | 
             | For example
             | 
             | > 99% of people will have neutral to negative impact on the
             | world 10 yrs post mortem
             | 
             | What does it even mean to have a negative impact on the
             | "world"? Do you mean a negative impact on humanity? Also,
             | where does the 99% number come from.
             | 
             | > None of us are the target audience is this article
             | 
             | Do you think humanity would be worse off with more people
             | working hard to create and discover things to improve their
             | own lives and the lives of others?
             | 
             | Anyway, your comment is filled with cliche cynicism.
             | Cynicism is a cheap way to appear smart. I think people
             | learned it from TV when they watched tv shows like House or
             | Sherlock.
        
         | mmargerum wrote:
         | If your personal projects are "work" then yes do not bother.
         | These are my creative outlet and where I get to enjoy coding
         | again. My day job is massive .net/angular/sql projects that are
         | just meh.
        
       | luqtas wrote:
       | Paul the creator of Ycombinator?
       | 
       | hmm... depends what you consider great. last time i checked
       | companies you helped, one of them was Rappi. they came to Brazil
       | and basically destroyed the bicycle courier scene with anti-
       | competitive practices on other companies just because they were
       | rolling on money. after them, it is pretty rare to see someone
       | working with deliveries and bicycles... and they are more silent
       | and ecological than any motor-cycle or car. and actually smart
       | considering the amount of damage noise and pollution from motor
       | does.
       | 
       | anyway, considering something great is a sensible topic.
       | specially if you taking the amount of money made as a important
       | factor. maybe that is why the world is full of people digging
       | CEOs status on top of zombie-like consumers that can not think
       | for themselves
        
       | lewisjoe wrote:
       | "Follow your interest/passion" - is such an easy advice.
       | 
       | However in some societies / economies, it's simply not possible.
       | Where I'm from (India), where a majority of my generation has to
       | lift their families from money problems, there's no option of
       | following passion. There's only "learn/do what makes money". It's
       | not entirely a bad thing though.
       | 
       | For example people here just jump into doing something and then
       | eventually develop a passion for it (setting up a shop, or
       | running a business or producing/distributing boring everyday
       | products, etc).
       | 
       | The other alternative is to spend precious younger years of my
       | time in search of "passion". This happens too, but mostly from
       | folks who already have financial freedom to explore and
       | experiment, who are relatively scarce in some societies.
        
         | badpun wrote:
         | India is essentially at the development stage matching that of
         | XIX century Europe and the US. Back then, nobody was following
         | passions, and everyone was just starting practical businesses
         | and investments which will (hopefully) bring in some money. Now
         | it's India's turn to go through that phase.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | kubb wrote:
         | I'm surprised Paul gets upvoted so much, no matter what
         | platitude he serves up. His writing is good for a software
         | engineer, but doesn't hold a candle to a capable journalist or
         | writer. Basically it feels like you're reading a documentation
         | page about the last idea he's had in the shower.
        
         | thimkerbell wrote:
         | So lewisjoe, maybe one way to address this problem would be a
         | fellowship that came with an extra stipend that would keep your
         | family afloat? How much extra would that have to be, in India
         | for a year, or would the required amount be far too variable to
         | estimate?
         | 
         | (Also, the essay did indicate that if you're taking care of
         | someone then his standard advice needs adjustment.)
        
         | codethief wrote:
         | > "Follow your interest/passion" - is such an easy advice.
         | 
         | > For example people here just jump into doing something and
         | then eventually develop a passion for it (setting up a shop, or
         | running a business or producing/distributing boring everyday
         | products, etc).
         | 
         | No one said you first had to sit down, ponder hundreds of life
         | options and then choose your passion. Passion might also come
         | to you as you progress in whatever field you're in. Put
         | differently, you might as well follow your natural inclinations
         | (whatever you find somewhat interesting in the moment) or
         | submit to life/financial constraints (choose a promising career
         | path), and as you become better and better at what you do,
         | develop a passion for it.
        
       | mercurialsolo wrote:
       | I have always wondered is greatness is something we see in
       | retrospect and in the middle of all the work - do we really see
       | it as great. What keeps us ticking to do the work?
       | 
       | The passion, the finish line, the eye on the goal, the fleeting
       | moment of accomplishment?
       | 
       | And do you really see work as a product of your life's output. Or
       | the way you live your life as one dedicated to the work. Are your
       | relationships, your friendships, your contribution to your
       | immediate environment around you motivators?
        
       | rmorey wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
         | moffkalast wrote:
         | > offers scope for groundbreaking work
         | 
         | Hah, and make sure to be a genius with a workaholic attitude,
         | otherwise the 100 people that are like that will make the
         | groundbreaking discoveries a few years before you.
         | 
         | The more people alive and able to work on research, the higher
         | the bar gets. For most people, implementing existing bleeding
         | edge knowledge is already an achievement.
        
           | MichaelRo wrote:
           | Well put. What the article (and others like it) lacks is the
           | fallback, the plan B, the exception handling.
           | 
           | There's a Gauss curve. Simple stuff can be done by any idiot
           | so there's going to be a lot of competition on that. Like
           | picking strawberries, for any position there's 100 Mexicans
           | (in the US) or Eastern European guys (in the EU) willing to
           | do that for cheap. So getting good (skilled, educated) does
           | decrease competition and increase one's chances of doing
           | "great work". But from a point on you reach into the
           | territory where there's just too much genius, semi-autistic
           | high IQ workaholics that crowd some niche field and end up
           | with the same 100 hulks for one job. Doesn't matter if it's
           | picking strawberries or playing forward in Champions League,
           | if you're not getting either you're still a loser.
           | 
           | So exception handling: if you invest a lot of effort into
           | something make sure you get to reap some rewards even if
           | you're one of the 99th guys that doesn't get to pick the
           | strawberries.
           | 
           | Otherwise like a great Romanian scholar and philosopher once
           | said: "Decat sa lucri de-a pulea mai bine stai de-a pulea
           | (Gigi Becali)". Loosely translated: "Rather than work your
           | ass off for nothing, better sit on your ass for nothing".
        
         | carabiner wrote:
         | Who is Claude?
        
         | la_fayette wrote:
         | I read the text of PG and now found this summary, which fully
         | sums it up. Thank you.
        
       | Octokiddie wrote:
       | > What are you excessively curious about -- curious to a degree
       | that would bore most other people? That's what you're looking
       | for.
       | 
       | This is a great article, but there are many, many people for whom
       | this advice is going to lead nowhere or worse. They have often
       | been to fancy universities and have often earned fancy degrees.
       | But what they don't realize is that they've also been trained to
       | respond to the praise of authority figures. The article touches
       | on this point later, but emphasizes a different outcome.
       | 
       | If there's one thing that authority figures absolutely hate is a
       | project that makes you excessively curious.
       | 
       | I'll speculate that those most affected by this perverse reward
       | system will deny its influence over them most strongly. They
       | won't realize that their motivation for projects stems from the
       | enthusiasm that authority figure show or withhold. They will
       | therefore conclude that the warning above does not apply to them.
       | And they will have a very hard time.
       | 
       | I saw this first-hand in graduate school. At least half the
       | students had never learned to disregard the level of the
       | greybeard's enthusiasm when choosing projects. Unsurprisingly,
       | they also did not understood the process of formulating a project
       | idea. This was the half that had, by far, the hardest time. At
       | the slightest hint of graybeard apathy for a project idea, they
       | were onto something else.
        
         | a_bonobo wrote:
         | Somewhat related, Kevin Gross and Carl T Bergstrom just put up
         | this preprint on risk aversion in science:
         | https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.13816
         | 
         | > incentives to motivate effort clash with incentives to
         | motivate risk-taking, because a failed project may be evidence
         | of a risky undertaking but could also be the result of simple
         | sloth. As a result, the incentives needed to encourage effort
         | actively discourage risk-taking. Scientists respond by working
         | on safe projects that generate evidence of effort but that
         | don't move science forward as rapidly as riskier projects
         | would.
        
         | chinchilla2020 wrote:
         | At the end of the day, your curiosity and talent is used to
         | make money for someone.
         | 
         | Fetishizing work productivity and ability ignores the fact that
         | most company owners are managerial types that will harness your
         | output for monetary value. You could easily end up wasting your
         | life by becoming some niche field leader in the systems you
         | work on, but never enjoying the rewards of your talent.
         | 
         | Hackernews in particular likes the idea of a life spent
         | entirely behind a laptop, but there is a larger world out
         | there, and the winners are enjoying it while we chase little
         | lifehacks to eke out 20 extra minutes of productivity in a 10
         | hour day.
         | 
         | I'm as guilty of this productivity fetishization as anyone
         | here, but am just reaching a point in life where I'm starting
         | to notice the walls of the maze.
        
           | irksomehails wrote:
           | Thanks for putting this out in words. It really hits the nail
           | on how I've been feeling lately.
        
       | neilv wrote:
       | > _Believe it or not, I tried to make this essay as short as I
       | could._
       | 
       | Is there some intent in not using headings?
        
       | andzuck wrote:
       | Is pg factoring uncertainty and unpredictability into this
       | argument on per-project procrastination? He brought in the idea
       | of natural selection earlier in the essay, yet may be ignoring
       | that the best project to work on may not be known a priori.
       | 
       | "One reason per-project procrastination is so dangerous is that
       | it usually camouflages itself as work. You're not just sitting
       | around doing nothing; you're working industriously on something
       | else. So per-project procrastination doesn't set off the alarms
       | that per-day procrastination does."
        
       | einpoklum wrote:
       | > Don't let "work" mean something other people tell you to do.
       | 
       | So, either be someone who's privileged, or very lucky, or - first
       | get rid of the wage-labor-based economy, and probably Capitalism
       | altogether, then get started :-)
        
       | fnord77 wrote:
       | also:
       | 
       | - Don't have any chronic diseases or pain that will distract or
       | dull your attention
       | 
       | - Have a stable source of income or enough wealth to let you try
       | and fail at a lot of things
       | 
       | - Have stable family and friends
       | 
       | - Don't have optimism beaten out of you at a young age
       | 
       | etc
        
         | badtension wrote:
         | I am amazed how many people take their fortunes for granted and
         | then preach about how they "worked harder than anyone else
         | hence deserve much more than the others". You have to be
         | incredibly lucky to get to that point. In case of chronic
         | illness (like brain fog) you are pretty much destined to fail.
        
           | helicalmix wrote:
           | I'm also amazed how people will take a self-improvement
           | article like this, and take it so personally. Like yes, pg
           | was lucky to have a lot of things work out for them, but that
           | doesn't mean his advice here (which encompasses more than
           | just "work hard") is invalid for everyone just because it's
           | invalid for some people.
        
             | 331c8c71 wrote:
             | It's a post-factum rationalization of personal experience
             | possibly mixed with some anecdata.
             | 
             | Fine as a motivational material but that's all this is.
        
             | CartyBoston wrote:
             | It would be nice to see Paul write more about the
             | privileges he has enjoyed.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | amts wrote:
         | Yep, get yourself a bs job first while implicitly getting
         | yourself stroke, cancer and diabetes from it to pay for
         | utilities and a few gallons of water per month and only then do
         | great work.
        
         | mkoubaa wrote:
         | If 1000 people read this and only 100 of them meet your
         | criteria, and it's good advice, than he would have helped 100
         | people.
         | 
         | I'm not sure what point you're trying to make here
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | guptarohit wrote:
       | This is one of the great writeup!
       | 
       | In case you want to listen it instead of reading it like me, you
       | can do so by following command, it creates a audio file (named
       | greatwork) which you can play:
       | 
       | wget -qO- http://paulgraham.com/greatwork.html | sed -e
       | '/<script/,/<\/script>/d' -e 's/<[^>]*>//g; s/\&nbsp\;/ /g;
       | s/\&amp\;/\&/g; s/\&lt\;/</g; s/\&gt\;/>/g' | say --progress -o
       | greatwork
       | 
       | please note, this is tested on macOS only.
        
         | dhdaadhd wrote:
         | If you're looking for something that scales this feature, you
         | might love Matter (https://hq.getmatter.com/). It has instant
         | article text-to-speech via a simple chrome extension & a web +
         | iOS app - along with %-read tracking, ability to start playing
         | audio from any word, etc.
         | 
         | (Not affiliated, just a happy user.)
        
           | guptarohit wrote:
           | thanks for sharing, Matter looks promising I'll give it a
           | try.
        
       | wackget wrote:
       | It's 2023. Why do many websites featured here _still_ not use
       | HTTPS?
        
         | slig wrote:
         | It's not _even_ tableless.
        
         | ghqst wrote:
         | see http://n-gate.com/software/
        
         | nullandvoid wrote:
         | I mean it's a blog, with no ability to sign in / risk leaking
         | any PI. Adding HTTPS would only waste CPU cycles serving the
         | page.
        
           | mgamache wrote:
           | Sure, but there's a wider context of encrypting all internet
           | traffic to provide less context for the stuff that _is_
           | sensitive.
        
           | seanhunter wrote:
           | This is a common attitude that I think overlooks a big part
           | of the benefits of secure transport.
           | 
           | If all your traffic is TLS then you have a number of
           | benefits, including principally
           | 
           | 1) Noone can MITM the traffic. They can't insert anything in
           | stream or do anything else funky that they absolutely can
           | with clear traffic if they own your route somehow.
           | 
           | 2) The amount of information leakage is less due to chaffing.
           | Consider a situation where all your sensitive traffic is
           | HTTPS and all your other traffic is HTTP. In that world a bad
           | person monitoring your traffic may not know the details of
           | your sensitive traffic, but they know that the metadata of
           | any HTTPS indicates sensitive traffic. If everything is HTTPS
           | on the other hand literally any of the metadata could be
           | sensitive or non-sensitive and they have no way of telling.
           | The more non-sensitive traffic is encrypted the greater the
           | benefit of this protection.
           | 
           | So given those are pretty significant benefits for visitors
           | to your site it's nice to provide the option of HTTPS. On a
           | seperate note, the amount of CPU cycles consumed by serving
           | HTTPS these days is really trivial especially if you use a EC
           | cert or similar.
        
           | jlokier wrote:
           | Some telecoms carriers inject their own Javascript into every
           | HTTP page.
           | 
           | I've seen some of that break my pages for some users. It went
           | unnoticed for months until someone complained that "my"
           | Javascript was badly written and breaking something. After a
           | difficult round of conversations where each of us assumed the
           | other was seeing the same page contents, we compared source
           | and found the culprit was injected by the carrier.
           | 
           | So we changed to HTTPS to fix that problem.
        
           | lkschubert8 wrote:
           | I suppose someone could mitm impersonating pg? Seems like a
           | low risk though.
        
           | nyc_pizzadev wrote:
           | What about an inbetween actor changing the content? Or
           | someone just hijacking the website?
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | ava2 wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
       | BigElephant wrote:
       | Why is his site not in https??
        
         | the_common_man wrote:
         | Only the truly ambitious people will click through and read it.
         | It acts as a filter.
        
           | BigElephant wrote:
           | I hope that is sarcasm
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | sagarpatil wrote:
       | Some of you might not have time to read 10,000+ words. I've tried
       | my best to summarise the essay here:
       | https://twitter.com/sagarpatil/status/1675438574140006401?s=...
       | 
       | If you have time, I recommend you reading the whole essay.
        
       | vonnik wrote:
       | Mary Helen Immordino Yang has some interesting thoughts about how
       | to change education to make it nudge kids towards doing more
       | interesting work:
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/S8jWFcDGz4Y
        
         | thimkerbell wrote:
         | Summary?
        
       | nazgulnarsil wrote:
       | One thing mostly not addressed is just how hard it can be to
       | receive social opprobrium for pushing against things that are
       | obviously broken but act as important foundation for current
       | social reality. Even small amounts of contrarianism can get
       | surprising amounts of not just overt push back, but social
       | undermining over seemingly trivial things.
       | 
       | This creates a different kind of blindness to 'What you Can't
       | Say' and 'Schlep Blindness' but rather a filtering of most smart
       | contrarians into fields where lots of smart people bicker over
       | table scraps of prestige and the few interesting problems that
       | are legible and funded to work on. Work on seemingly low status
       | problems and you won't have to waste your time competing.
        
       | MichaelRo wrote:
       | Well put. But what the article (and others like it) lacks is the
       | fallback, the plan B, the exception handling, what to do if
       | things don't work out as planned.
       | 
       | There's a Gauss curve. Simple stuff can be done by any idiot so
       | there's going to be a lot of competition on that. Like picking
       | strawberries, for any position there's 100 Mexicans (in the US)
       | or Eastern European guys (in the EU) willing to do that for
       | cheap. So getting good (skilled, educated) does decrease
       | competition and increase one's chances of doing "great work". But
       | from a point on you reach into the territory where there's just
       | too much genius, semi-autistic high IQ workaholics that crowd
       | some niche field and eventually you end up competing with the
       | same 100 hulks for one job. Doesn't matter if it's picking
       | strawberries or playing forward in Champions League, if you're
       | not getting either you're still a loser. It's a dog eat dog
       | world, winners take all and there's no reward for the effort. If
       | you don't win the big prize, you've wasted your life for nothing.
       | 
       | So exception handling: if you invest a lot of effort into
       | something make sure you get to reap some rewards even if you're
       | one of the 99 guys that doesn't get to pick the strawberries.
       | 
       | Otherwise like a great Romanian scholar and philosopher once
       | said: "Decat sa lucri de-a pulea mai bine stai de-a pulea (Gigi
       | Becali)". Loosely translated: "Rather than work your ass off for
       | nothing, better sit on your ass for nothing".
        
         | yarekt wrote:
         | It was mentioned, the striving for the best bit, but may have
         | been me reading in between the lines.
         | 
         | The little bits in the article really resonate with me, in
         | particular what I spot in my field (software dev / distributed
         | systems) is that at high level there looks like many great
         | solutions exist, but when you look deeper in you see that many
         | of them are inelegant, and only reason they weren't done better
         | was because no one actually spent time on that particular
         | minute thing. it likely got implemented as part of a bigger
         | patch and still deemed "good enough".
         | 
         | I theorise that many fields are similar if you look deep enough
        
         | zamfi wrote:
         | I'm not sure we got the same thing from this essay.
         | 
         | Picking problems is one of the first things mentioned in this
         | essay, and neither soccer-playing nor strawberry-picking seem
         | like fields where there are lots of questions folks haven't
         | answered yet. (This is not to say that there aren't interesting
         | questions in agriculture or sports in general!)
         | 
         | Picking a field that's zero-sum, where there are already 100
         | workaholic geniuses pursuing the only possible positive
         | outcomes (eg, champions league forward) seems like maybe not
         | the right way to go, and the essay is pretty explicit about
         | this.
        
         | Blahah wrote:
         | Honestly I didn't think it was well put at all. A vast number
         | of words for very little content, and what content can be
         | distilled is useful to approximately nobody. I've never known a
         | person who needed this advice.
         | 
         | If you're exceptional in some niche you don't need the advice
         | (if it can be called that). If you aren't, you can be your best
         | and thrive if you are motivated, in which case this is
         | similarly unhelpful. In the final case, if you aren't
         | intrinsically motivated to do 'great work' then you won't.
        
           | jsunderland323 wrote:
           | I think part of the point of it is to assure people working
           | on niche problems that embody some of the qualities of what
           | pg is describing as great work. It's easy to look at the
           | shiny zeitgeist and feel a lot of self doubt if you're off
           | working on something few outside the niche seem to
           | understand. I'm not sure if this an advice piece as much as
           | an encouragement piece to those readers going through those
           | trenches.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | ren_engineer wrote:
         | in tech at least even if you fail, you are developing valuable
         | skills that can be used elsewhere. Plenty of failed startup
         | founders end up at other places in engineering or management
         | roles
         | 
         | not creating a billion dollar startup isn't a failure, tons of
         | people in the tech industry retire as multimillionaires
         | essentially working a 9-5. A lot of people on HN seem to think
         | if you don't make the Forbes list you are a failure
        
           | aleph_minus_one wrote:
           | > in tech at least even if you fail, you are developing
           | valuable skills that can be used elsewhere.
           | 
           | Rather: _Currently_ in tech _in the USA_ ...
        
             | sentientslug wrote:
             | I'm not really sure that their statement is temporal or
             | regional. With failure in general comes lessons that can be
             | applied to other situations, regardless of anything else.
        
               | harishneit wrote:
               | [dead]
        
         | moneywoes wrote:
         | > So exception handling: if you invest a lot of effort into
         | something make sure you get to reap some rewards even if you're
         | one of the 99 guys that doesn't get to pick the strawberries.
         | 
         | How does this work in the world of business where 99% fail
         | 
         | Should I not even try?
        
           | badpun wrote:
           | Example - try to launch a startup as a technical founder. If
           | it fails, you can still get a coding job and do ok.
           | 
           | Example of what not to do - try becoming a pro poker player.
           | If you fail, you have no marketable skills to fall back on.
        
             | chksum wrote:
             | Many professional poker players transition into quant based
             | roles. They're great at assessing risk and objective
             | decision making.
        
           | q7xvh97o2pDhNrh wrote:
           | > How does this work in the world of business where 99% fail
           | 
           | I used to know this grumpy old guy who had a simple
           | explanation for that statistic:
           | 
           | It doesn't mean that, if you start a business, you have a 99%
           | chance of failure. It means that, out of everyone who starts
           | a business, 99% of founders are guaranteed to fail, and 1% of
           | founders are guaranteed to succeed.
           | 
           | The trick, I think, is to become the kind of person who can
           | succeed at starting a business -- and _then_ start a
           | business.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | chinchilla2020 wrote:
         | Exactly.
         | 
         | My cousin tried to become a twitch streamer. He is an
         | incredible gamer and did some competitive gaming in shooter
         | tournaments back in the day. He's also very funny and
         | charismatic.
         | 
         | He became interested in hacking minecraft pushed some of the
         | boundaries of what you could do in the modding/hacking scene.
         | 
         | Despite his efforts, things never really took off and ended up
         | heading off to college like the rest of us.
        
         | sctb wrote:
         | > It's a dog eat dog world, winners take all and there's no
         | reward for the effort. If you don't win the big prize, you've
         | wasted your life for nothing.
         | 
         | Prizes and rewards are never guaranteed. The only way to be
         | sure you aren't wasting your time is to spend it on something
         | gratifying--in the context of this essay this might be the
         | "excited curiosity that's both the engine and the rudder of
         | great work." You don't need a fallback if your approach isn't
         | outcome oriented.
        
       | kepano wrote:
       | "The way to figure out what to work on is by working. If you're
       | not sure what to work on, guess. But pick something and get
       | going."
       | 
       | I very much agree with this sentiment. That's how you find good
       | problems to solve. In general, we don't teach enough about
       | "problem finding" which is arguably harder and more important
       | than problem solving.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | dkqmduems wrote:
         | There's another word for this...play?
        
           | xyzelement wrote:
           | It's not exactly play, it's more like focused exploration. Eg
           | Columbus setting sail without knowing what he would find. You
           | wouldn't say he was playing but you would say he was
           | discovering.
        
             | moneywoes wrote:
             | Ideation and customer discovery? Market research?
        
             | tough wrote:
             | I mean the guy was going for a shorter trip to the indias
             | and found out the americas
             | 
             | I'd call that mostly luck lmao
             | 
             | Took courage to go to the end of the world, for sure, but
             | still god damn luck too
        
       | cushychicken wrote:
       | Another thing you need: patience.
       | 
       | I'm 34, and just in the last year reached the point where I have:
       | 
       | - enough experience and context to do great work, and
       | 
       | - the right people to leverage that context and experience on
       | meaningful applications
       | 
       | It took a lot of waiting for that ideal blend of circumstances to
       | come around. I wish I'd have been able to tell my 26 year old
       | self that as he slogged through an entry level EE job. The
       | choices he made affected where I am now, but he definitely made
       | some sacrifices on my behalf.
        
         | skmurphy wrote:
         | I think people can do great work at any age. Sometimes
         | newcomers look at a long-standing problem and discover or
         | design a new approach that is substantially better. Other times
         | established experts can leverage the breadth of their
         | experience to develop a better solution or offering. For me,
         | the key elements are the desire to create something of value or
         | make a contribution, a willingness to collaborate to extend
         | what you can accomplish, and the self-discipline to work hard
         | for extended periods of time.
        
           | kirso wrote:
           | Exactly, I'd reckon you have a better position to do great
           | work when you are older, given you know yourself better and
           | what makes you tick.
           | 
           | This is IMO impossible without experimentation and doing
           | stupid stuff during the 20s.
           | 
           | I just turned 35 and only starting out on the best work of my
           | life in the shape of offering something of value except for
           | just my time at work prior.
        
             | i_am_a_peasant wrote:
             | have you got any kids? I'm 30 and one of my biggest worries
             | is that starting a family will mean I will never get the
             | time to do great things. I also got a fair share of skills
             | under my belt and a lot of motivation. My relationship
             | always ends to taking time away from my projects however
             | and that's only going to get worse once there's a kid 5
             | years down the road.
             | 
             | Then again Bach had a lot of kids, and look at the body of
             | his work.
        
         | rr808 wrote:
         | Sounds about the right time for you to have babies and ruin all
         | that readiness for great work.
        
           | cushychicken wrote:
           | If anything, my kid being born helped _increase_ my output.
           | 
           | Limited time makes it a lot easier to decide what to focus
           | on.
        
             | rr808 wrote:
             | Limited time? Congrats, Lol with a full time job I didn't
             | have time to do anything.
        
           | mkoubaa wrote:
           | My experience having a child is that it made me more
           | ambitious, not less. And not for the child's sake,
           | necessarily
        
         | zengid wrote:
         | Hofstadter's Law:
         | 
         |  _It always takes longer than you think, even if you take into
         | account Hofstadter's Law._
        
         | grrdotcloud wrote:
         | Similar but more confidence.
         | 
         | And ignoring all self doubt and imposter feelings has made my
         | career way less stressful.
        
         | moneywoes wrote:
         | > the right people to leverage that context and experience on
         | meaningful applications
         | 
         | Whss as t does this entail, business context?
        
         | andrewstuart wrote:
         | This is an important point.....
         | 
         | Great work and your
         | craftsmanship/experience/wisdom/capabilities are interrelated.
         | 
         | Being able to do great work is partly a function of your
         | ability to work.
        
       | thimkerbell wrote:
       | What typos or formatting issues did you notice, that should maybe
       | be fixed?
       | 
       | * Footnotes would ideally have backlinks, for those who read them
       | all at once.
       | 
       | * "ballon bursting"
        
       | neilv wrote:
       | > _There are a lot of forces that will lead you astray when you
       | 're trying to figure out what to work on. Pretentiousness,
       | fashion, fear, money, politics, other people's wishes, eminent
       | frauds. But if you stick to what you find genuinely interesting,
       | you'll be proof against all of them. If you're interested, you're
       | not astray._
       | 
       | Money is an insurmountable objective barrier for most people, and
       | seems it's just slipped into the middle of a list of things that
       | are more likely overcome by merely strengthening one's character.
       | 
       | So this sounds like wealthy person saying "don't concern yourself
       | with money; just follow your heart".
        
         | thimkerbell wrote:
         | No, he addresses that. Get a day job. Then do your project on
         | nights and weekends, or else manage your manager into making it
         | part of your job.
        
           | mtlmtlmtlmtl wrote:
           | This is terrible advice imo. It entirely hinges on being able
           | to work ridiculous hours, which most people just can't do
           | either due to burnout, family, or both.
        
           | drivebyhooting wrote:
           | No family or other responsibilities. Also say goodbye to your
           | health. Not widely applicable advice.
        
           | edandersen wrote:
           | The problem with moonlighting a meaningful side project is
           | that any marketing you do will alert HR to the fact you are
           | moonlighting (HR in large corps pay to have employees' social
           | media scanned).
           | 
           | In most cases you'll either be told to stop or in the worst
           | case your employer will claim they own it.
        
             | nip wrote:
             | PG did not use the term moonlighting for the fact that you
             | don't have to.
             | 
             | That is unless you agreed to a contract that forbids from
             | holding multiple jobs.
             | 
             | 40h/week paying the bills leaves plenty of free time to do
             | something on the side when you don't have kids / a family
             | to take care of
        
               | sillysaurusx wrote:
               | > 40h/week paying the bills leaves plenty of free time to
               | do something on the side when you don't have kids / a
               | family to take care of
               | 
               | Show of hands: How many others feel this way?
               | 
               | Personally, I can barely muster the energy to do much
               | hacking after a normal job. The only way I've found to do
               | work I've been known for is by blowing off my other
               | responsibilities (sometimes to the annoyance of various
               | people).
        
               | LanternLight83 wrote:
               | I have also become known for what I do, in the last
               | minutes of odd hours, to the neglect of my
               | responsabilities. While I do "make time", and could
               | probably do so more effectively[1], I certainly do not
               | have "plenty" after 40 hours.
               | 
               | 1: One needs downtime, and can't expect perfect
               | utilization even after planning for rest.
        
               | flashgordon wrote:
               | So sounds like you are one of the lucky folks who is
               | excited and really enjoying their day job that you dont
               | need a challenge after work. I once heard that those who
               | are very stimulated at work actually spend a lot of
               | energy and need cool down "after work". I (like many I
               | know) can't wait to get home after a soul crushing day
               | (at a pretty well paying job) to work on exciting things!
               | Depends on factors that energize and motivate you I
               | guess!
        
               | gherkinnn wrote:
               | Or, you know, some people don't want to continue doing
               | the same thing all day. For whatever reason.
        
               | havelhovel wrote:
               | There are also people who hate their day job, and after
               | dealing with food, chores, and physical fitness, just
               | want to spend their last waking hour or two relaxing
               | before starting over.
        
             | tlb wrote:
             | This isn't the norm in Silicon Valley. Most companies will
             | agree to exceptions to their Assignment of Inventions
             | agreement if you ask, as long as it's not directly
             | competitive.
        
               | pfannkuchen wrote:
               | If you work for a large company anything you do in
               | software is directly competitive.
        
             | the6thwonder wrote:
             | [flagged]
        
             | kirso wrote:
             | I understand the concern, but frankly don't think this is
             | the case.
             | 
             | Nobody really cares about you in the org and in the world
             | in general.
             | 
             | There is a legal implication on side projects on everyone's
             | contract -> so the solution here is to just have an
             | alternative profile on social media...
             | 
             | Oh and don't add HR people on your linkedin.
        
         | keyle wrote:
         | Program what makes you happy, everyone else is already
         | programming the rest.
        
       | rr808 wrote:
       | Does anyone have a TLDR of this? My attention span isn't what it
       | used to be.
        
       | aman_jha wrote:
       | An essay worth waiting months to read
        
       | Ericson2314 wrote:
       | The fact that this is so much longer than previous ones makes me
       | wonder if LLMs were involved.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | urs wrote:
       | Just stumbled upon this thread and wanted to share Richard
       | Hamming's classic talk from '86, "You and Your Research."
       | 
       | Then I realized that the funny part is that PG has already linked
       | to Hamming's talk on his site
       | (http://www.paulgraham.com/hamming.html), and mentioned it on
       | Twitter (https://twitter.com/paulg/status/849300780997890048).
       | 
       | There's a part in that talk that has always stuck with me: he
       | advises to ask yourself at every Friday evening, "What are the
       | important problems in my field?" Not entirely dissimilar from
       | PG's take on how the educational system in forcing you to commit
       | prematurely often has you overlook this entirely.
       | 
       | In the vein of "great minds think alike," both of them hammer
       | home the importance of working on what genuinely grabs your
       | interest. PG's advice is to "optimize for interestingness" ;
       | Hamming when he says, "If you do not work on an important
       | problem, it's unlikely you'll do important work."
       | 
       | I got a kick out of how both of them advocate for being flexible
       | in our approach to work -- especially given how launching and
       | pivoting after learning from your users has also been the PG
       | advice for the better part of two decades in startup-focused
       | essays. PG's all for switching horses mid-race if a more exciting
       | problem shows up , and Hamming shares the same sentiment,
       | stressing the importance of being ready to seize new
       | opportunities. Today pivoting is just default vernacular in
       | startup world, but also cutting losses and getting that fractal
       | and pushing that to its end is worth it.
       | 
       | Curious how has "optimizing for interestingness" played out in
       | your own work or life? Additionally, curious if there are any
       | good HN stories about pursuing research and "pivoting" in fields
       | that are not searching for product-market/fit for a startup...
       | 
       | (Hamming's talk has been shared countless times here and this
       | feels like PG's contribution to a similar idea
       | (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35778036)).
        
         | interroboink wrote:
         | There's an unspoken aspect of the word "important" here --
         | important _to you_ , or important _to the world_ (society,
         | etc)?
         | 
         | From Hamming:
         | 
         | "I thought hard about where was my field going, where were the
         | opportunities, and what were the important things to do. Let me
         | go there so there is a chance I can do important things."
         | 
         | It seems he is talking about the _important to the world_
         | aspect. He wants to have a big impact on the world, and be
         | where the action is. The goal is to make a name for yourself,
         | or to at least have a hand in the next big transformations.
         | 
         | But there is also the "important _to you_ " aspect. In
         | Hamming's case, those two notions of importance align. But not
         | so for everyone.
         | 
         | Quoting again:
         | 
         | "I went home one Friday after finishing a problem, and
         | curiously enough I wasn't happy; I was depressed. I could see
         | life being a long sequence of one problem after another after
         | another."
         | 
         | So, he is happiest when working on problems that have big
         | "important" implications for the world. Good for him; I'm glad
         | he discovered that about himself, and followed what made him
         | happy.
         | 
         | So now for my actual point: I'd encourage a person to actually
         | first and foremost focus on what is important to them
         | personally -- what makes them happy -- rather than what seems
         | "important" from some external perspective.
         | 
         | I think a lot of people will decide, like Hamming did, that
         | they want to be where the action is, that they want to
         | participate in transforming the world, that that is what makes
         | them happy. But to put that choice on a pedestal as though it
         | is the True Goal -- to put "important to society" above
         | "important to oneself" is putting the cart before the horse.
         | It's how you get a bunch of unhappy people chasing after other
         | people's dreams.
         | 
         | It's actually somewhat touched upon in TFA, with:
         | 
         | "The following recipe assumes you're very ambitious."
         | 
         | Indeed -- like Hamming was. But not everyone is, and not
         | everyone needs to be to be happy. I am just slightly irked by
         | our somehow reserving the word "great" for ambitious people's
         | accomplishments.
        
           | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
           | Right now, the audio tech/software niche is abuzz with ideas
           | and attempts related to using transformer technology within
           | the field. Music generation, new synthesis techniques,
           | generative DSP and more.
           | 
           | According to the field, viewed from some altitude, these the
           | "important (to the world)" things.
           | 
           | But for myself, with 25+ years in the field, I couldn't give
           | a rat's arse about any of it. Absolutely not "important (to
           | me)".
           | 
           | Am I ambitious (still) ? I think so. But I'm also picky about
           | where I'm willing to put my energy.
        
             | moneywoes wrote:
             | Curious, do you just think the industry is over hyped
        
               | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
               | Not the industry, but the rush-to-"AI" is certainly over-
               | hyped and displays a very shallow understanding of the
               | role of art of any form for most human beings.
        
               | Aeolun wrote:
               | The older I get the more I think this is fine, and more
               | or less the way of the world.
               | 
               | Let the young ones expend their energy and drive trying
               | to do all kinds of weird, pointless and occassionally
               | very useful shit while we keep the world running.
        
           | a_bonobo wrote:
           | >I think a lot of people will decide, like Hamming did, that
           | they want to be where the action is, that they want to
           | participate in transforming the world, that that is what
           | makes them happy.
           | 
           | In my 37 years of experience: people do want to be where the
           | action is, but many people who are the main examples of
           | 'being at the action' already were at a location where the
           | action happened to end up. I.e., people working for a long
           | time on an 'obscure' problem interesting to them suddenly see
           | that 'obscure' problem become important and fall into success
           | (think of all the CS people working on DL/ANNs in the 90s. I
           | don't think Yann LeCunn was a known name in the 90s).
           | 
           | The tragedy is that it's very hard to predict where the
           | action will be. Literature is full of people who lucked into
           | that position, and obviously ignores the millions who were
           | where the action never ended up.
           | 
           | With some experience you can shift your focus to where you
           | think the action will be: it's probably best not to run after
           | the money, but walk towards it.
        
       | zug_zug wrote:
       | I haven't finished this yet, will take more than one sitting to
       | digest, but I'm already 90% sure I'm going to disagree with this
       | one a lot.
       | 
       | I like to validate people's advice by playing it out in
       | hypotheticals, so let's take some random fields people may think
       | they want to be great at, and apply this advice: chess, piano,
       | philosophy, quantum physics, soccer. I think it's self-evident
       | that his algorithm isn't suited for the wide set of cases.
       | 
       | Here's my alternative proposal:
       | 
       | - If you're interested in a field, first ask, what % of people
       | who dedicate their life to that field get any kind of
       | fame/wealth/recognition (or whatever greatness means to you). So
       | if we're talking chess, and you're already 14 and can't play, you
       | have a 0% chance of getting to the top 100. Or if it's being a
       | famous writer good to know what your base odds are.
       | 
       | - Look up people who RECENTLY (within 30 years) succeeded in this
       | field and look for patterns. I know 0 famous philosophers of the
       | last 30 years, but the closest ones would probably be youtube
       | philosophers. So maybe that's the current meta.
       | 
       | - Look at the power-structures that determine success in the
       | field (soccer is a fair game, art is judged by a few powerful
       | tastemakers, news may be judged by clicks, some academia is
       | judged by splash), decide if you are okay with the system and
       | think you can excel in this system. Don't become a professional
       | writer because "You have something to say," become a writer
       | because "You have something other people want to hear."
       | 
       | That's all I got for now, it's his blog post not mine.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | mistermann wrote:
         | Watch out for this during your analysis:
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiotics
        
         | ianbutler wrote:
         | > Don't become a professional writer because "You have
         | something to say," become a writer because "You have something
         | other people want to hear."
         | 
         | I think this is terrible advice for doing great work, probably
         | good advice for doing shallow work that gets you paid. Great
         | does not (always) mean wealthy, popular or well liked. Plenty
         | of writers went through life with people telling them they
         | sucked and then eventually people got it. Look at Charles
         | Bukowski for example.
        
           | zug_zug wrote:
           | I see what you're saying, but I'm not sure you see what I'm
           | saying.
           | 
           | If you want to maximize your chances of being a great writer,
           | obviously write. But if you want to maximize your chances of
           | being great period, then you need to decide if writing the
           | next great american novel is the course you want to work
           | toward. IMO you are an order of magnitude more likely to
           | become famous/great from youtube than from writing, even if
           | your best skill is novel-writing.
           | 
           | Sure there are people who persevered at writing at made it
           | work, but also probably more people persevered and wasted
           | their lives on writing than most other pursuits.
        
       | dmvdoug wrote:
       | As usual, this is both interesting but also so generalizing as to
       | get frustrating in places. But it's clearly well-meaning and
       | earnest, which makes it easier to tolerate some of its annoyingly
       | breezy certainty.
       | 
       | Then there's this:
       | 
       | > Religions are collections of cherished but mistaken principles.
       | So anything that can be described either literally or
       | metaphorically as a religion will have valuable unexplored ideas
       | in its shadow. Copernicus and Darwin both made discoveries of
       | this type.
       | 
       | > [18] The principles defining a religion have to be mistaken.
       | Otherwise anyone might adopt them, and there would be nothing to
       | distinguish the adherents of the religion from everyone else.
       | 
       | First, anything can be either literally or metaphorically
       | described as a religion, so that makes this an empty principle,
       | since it either covers nothing or everything or both.
       | ("Cheesecake is my religion." Etc.)
       | 
       | Second, the footnote is literally impenetrable to me. Honestly. I
       | can discern no coherent meaning. That everyone could adopt a
       | principle or belief does not mean it must be false just because
       | everyone uniformly and indistinguishably believes it and
       | therefore nobody disbelieves it. Whether people can be
       | distinguished from one another with respect to some belief (say,
       | that in base 10 arithmetic that 1+1=2) has nothing to do with the
       | truth vel non of that belief.
       | 
       | And honestly, I am genuinely struggling to fathom a mind that
       | _could_ not only believe that statement but believe it so deeply
       | that they breezily announce it as obviously true. So it's funny
       | that this is the next paragraph:
       | 
       | > What are people in your field religious about, in the sense of
       | being too attached to some principle that might not be as self-
       | evident as they think?
       | 
       | The only, and I mean, literally only, interpretation that I can
       | come up with is that PG is using "religion" and "religious" in
       | enough different ways that when he mixes them, as it seems to do
       | here, he doesn't notice. Or he means them ONLY in the sense of
       | "too attached to some principle that might not be as self-evident
       | as they think." But I have a very strong suspicion that he is
       | definitely not using them only in that way.
        
         | hospitalJail wrote:
         | >But it's clearly well-meaning and earnest
         | 
         | When you are famous, people give you the benefit of the doubt.
         | 
         | When you are small fries, you are blogspam.
        
           | dmvdoug wrote:
           | It's more a tone issue. He's a skilled enough writer to come
           | across as sincere and well-meaning. Whether he is or not I
           | have no clue, I don't know the man.
        
         | carabiner wrote:
         | Traditionally, footnotes are straightforward explanations of
         | terms or passages. Tech writers, in their grandiosity, have
         | perverted them to contain randomass tangents that no one really
         | cares about.
        
           | dmvdoug wrote:
           | Whereas legal opinions use them either as a citation dump
           | (known as "collecting cases"), as a place to bracket issues
           | that are not being decided, or as a place to put a
           | substantive response to a separate opinion in the case (if
           | you're an appellate court).
        
           | mamediz wrote:
           | I like footnotes, or in this case maybe we should call
           | "endnotes". David Foster Wallace was known to use them a lot,
           | sometimes he would put footnotes in footnotes.
        
             | dmvdoug wrote:
             | Good old postmodernist literature. So meta.
        
           | leoc wrote:
           | Footnotes are _mainly_ straightforward-enough glosses and
           | references, but there have always been digressions (and quite
           | often sniping) in there too. The C19 has some real specimens.
        
         | interroboink wrote:
         | > annoyingly breezy certainty.
         | 
         | I may have to steal that phrase (:
        
         | kens wrote:
         | > [18] The principles defining a religion have to be mistaken.
         | Otherwise anyone might adopt them, and there would be nothing
         | to distinguish the adherents of the religion from everyone
         | else.
         | 
         | I think what's going on here is the theory that the purpose of
         | religion is to create a trusted in-group separated from the
         | out-group, with rules that make it difficult to casually join.
         | [1] If you start from that premise, PG's footnote makes sense.
         | But this ignores the fact that the largest religions really
         | want as many members as possible and would be delighted if
         | everyone followed their principles.
         | 
         | [1] See for instance:
         | https://slatestarcodex.com/2014/12/24/there-are-rules-here/
        
           | dmvdoug wrote:
           | This is actually helpful. So, he's saying, religions _really_
           | exist for this social function of group formation /identity.
           | Thus, we know that the principles they proclaim, which tend
           | to be universal claims of truth, are wrong, since if those
           | principles were true, they would defeat the real purpose of
           | religion. Therefore, one good way to find ideas to explore is
           | to question the principles or bracket them and see what you
           | can do without them.
           | 
           | That does make what he's saying there cohere better. Of
           | course, what he's saying turns entirely on the ambiguity he's
           | playing on (which I suspected): religion in the sense of
           | concrete historical/social human practices and religion in
           | the sense of identifying strongly with and thus not
           | questioning your principles. Never a good idea to hang your
           | hat on the coatrack of suggestive language games. Or, you
           | know, outrageous bullshit.
           | 
           | I almost think it makes it worse, finding a coherent meaning
           | ---which is so silly.
        
         | enraged_camel wrote:
         | I used to interpret PG's self-assured tone as wisdom. Over the
         | years though, I've come to realize what it actually is: hubris.
        
           | KnobbleMcKnees wrote:
           | Not to get too memey but: why not both?
        
       | hahnchen wrote:
       | Why is this post so long?
        
       | rblion wrote:
       | Design checks all the boxes for me. I am naturally gifted in this
       | field, deeply interested in how everything works, how I can
       | increase quality of life for all beings.
       | 
       | > There's a kind of excited curiosity that's both the engine and
       | the rudder of great work. It will not only drive you, but if you
       | let it have its way, will also show you what to work on.
       | 
       | We are going to meet one day PG and I will thank you for
       | encouraging me since I was 17. I am 33 now and determined as
       | ever.
        
       | hyperthesis wrote:
       | PSA: This is much longer than pg's other essays. There are
       | multiline gaps between sections that can seem like the end.
        
       | culopatin wrote:
       | Ive been conflicted for 12 years now on what field to pursue. I'm
       | between mechanical engineering because of my interest in
       | materials and aerodynamics (I'd love to do research in this
       | field), and software engineering (I don't know what I'd do
       | research in, but I like the idea of making tools people use).
       | 
       | I work in IT/light software dev, and I think I'm inclined towards
       | software because that's where I've been building my expertise in,
       | but I'm always thinking of mechanics in my head.
       | 
       | This post made me think that maybe what I should truly follow is
       | mechanics.
        
         | oldelpaso66 wrote:
         | Go for it!
        
         | mkoubaa wrote:
         | Similar background. I write software for mechanical engineers
         | and enjoy it very much
        
         | zevv wrote:
         | No need to choose, you can have both - there is this very nice
         | place where software meets hardware; call it embedded, call it
         | robotics, call it industrial automation; this is the place
         | where software actually gets to interface to physics: read
         | sensors, drive solenoids and motors, make things move and act
         | and do things in the real world.
         | 
         | I got into this business 25 years ago and never left. Still
         | loving every single day.
        
           | 2snakes wrote:
           | information, communication and fabrication (see the huge
           | influx of fab labs)
        
       | keithalewis wrote:
       | It's funny what people tell you if you just listen. Scrabble and
       | Great Work. Tiddly Winks probably won't lead to great work
       | either.
        
       | Graffur wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
       | smokel wrote:
       | I quite like to read an article like this from time to time,
       | because it can be motivating when your ambitions are low.
       | 
       | However, I also believe that it can be detrimental and even lead
       | to burn-out or depression if you actually believe that putting in
       | the work, and putting it in in a good way, will lead you to
       | success. This seems like a recipe for disaster.
       | 
       | Is it not more likely that most historically successful people
       | just stumbled on the promising gaps almost by accident? The
       | concepts of "thrownness" and "survivorship bias" might be
       | relevant to look up in this context. Is it possible to train
       | curiosity, ambition, intelligence, passion, perseverance, if you
       | did not grow up with it?
        
         | AnimalMuppet wrote:
         | I think that it shouldn't lead to burnout if you keep the
         | "play" or "interest" aspect. It's not "I have to find something
         | at the frontier, so I have to pursue this until I get there."
         | It's "I'm interested in this, and so I'm pursuing it because I
         | want to."
         | 
         | > Is it not more likely that most historically successful
         | people just stumbled on the promising gaps almost by accident?
         | 
         | Yes and no. Yes, they stumbled on a promising gap by accident.
         | No, it's not pure chance. Their odds go way up by being out
         | there stumbling around, looking at things they find
         | interesting.
        
         | the6thwonder wrote:
         | > if you actually believe that putting in the work, and putting
         | it in in a good way, will lead you to success.
         | 
         | What's the point of motivation of you don't believe what you do
         | matters? The antitode to these kind of arguments is always to
         | bring it to a closer level. Can you control how clean your
         | house is with work? Would hard work help you tend to a farm
         | better? Where does it stop helping you?
        
         | ajkjk wrote:
         | Anecdotally: I think of myself as one of those people who is by
         | nature driven to do great work. Tbd if it happens. But in my
         | life I see most other people as having written off almost
         | everything I find interesting, all the places where it seems
         | like there is great work to be done if one digs hard enough.
         | 
         | It seems obvious that someone like me, who believes this and is
         | looking and working everywhere, will be the type of person who
         | does the great work, rather than someone who thinks that, ah
         | well, it's probably an accident that others found things and
         | they didn't. Because, seriously.. The gaps are everywhere! in
         | everything! Some of us can scarcely go a day without having an
         | idea that seems to have huge potential and it's a question of
         | deciding what to focus on and how far to go. The problem is
         | never thinking of something that could be great work to do...
         | it's picking which one.
         | 
         | So basically, strong disagree, it's no accident at all.
         | 
         | That said the main reason everyone is writing off all the
         | potential is, yes, lack of ambition, lack of curiosity, lack of
         | perseverance, etc. Can those habits be unlearned? Dunno.
         | Probably. I think most people are 'followers' at heart, and to
         | imagine doing something truly novel is to imagine, ultimately,
         | not trying to do what they're told, not trying to be safe. And
         | the thought gives them intense anxiety so they explain a
         | hundred reasons why they're right, why nothing can be done.
         | Well, from my perspective that's just a matter of perspective.
        
           | badpun wrote:
           | As usual, Ancient Greeks had it figured out already.
           | Aristoteles wrote: "make war to have pace. Do business to
           | enjoy leisure". That's the natural proclivity of 99% human
           | beings. The other 1%, for whatever internal reason, does work
           | for work's sake, and is often pushing civilization forward.
        
             | MaxBarraclough wrote:
             | People with high-paying careers rarely choose to radically
             | reduce their work hours after achieving financial security.
             | I don't think the idea of doing great work often enters the
             | equation.
        
               | badpun wrote:
               | > People with high-paying careers rarely choose to
               | radically reduce their work hours after achieving
               | financial security.
               | 
               | Do you have any data to support that? I'd actually expect
               | them to fully retire in their fourties or fifties, once
               | they no longer need more money.
        
           | smokel wrote:
           | Perhaps I have worded my argument somewhat too poetically.
           | You say that you are driven to do great work _by nature_.
           | That is what I would call "by accident", as you had very
           | little say in that nature.
           | 
           | Pushing the argument a bit further: When you are so lucky to
           | have what it takes to do great things, would you be able to
           | _not_ do great things?
        
         | ren_engineer wrote:
         | >Is it not more likely that most historically successful people
         | just stumbled on the promising gaps almost by accident?
         | 
         | to some degree, but it's not like you can luck your way into
         | writing an app by slapping the keyboard. The degree of success
         | might differ, but generally there's some kind of barrier of
         | entry in terms of the work to learn the base skill needed.
         | Right place at the right time is a thing, but plenty of people
         | miss out because they don't even try at all
        
           | pcthrowaway wrote:
           | > to some degree, but it's not like you can luck your way
           | into writing an app by slapping the keyboard
           | 
           | I wish some of the people I've worked with knew this
        
       | scaramanga wrote:
       | Fascinated as I might be to read an approximately 11 trillion
       | word article which says "if you want to be great then work on
       | things you are passionate about stay fresh and curious"
       | 
       | I have to first stop and wonder if this is advice that I've
       | already seen being given in embroideries, on countless coffee
       | mugs, or along the side of a ballpoint pen.
        
         | jamiek88 wrote:
         | Yeah cynically this is jezebel for our demographic.
         | 
         | Live,laugh love. It's wine o'clock. Do great work.
        
       | htss2013 wrote:
       | "What are you excessively curious about -- curious to a degree
       | that would bore most other people? That's what you're looking
       | for."
       | 
       | I'm trying to make sense of this question. Usually people think
       | about boredom as a matter of kind, not degree. X subject is
       | either boring or not to most people, to any degree, small or
       | large.
       | 
       | Conceiving of boredom as a matter of degree is counter intuitive.
       | Is this meant to be an insightful nuanced point or am I just
       | high?
        
         | rosecross wrote:
         | Everyone likes movies, but that doesn't mean they want to
         | discuss cinematography all night.
        
           | htss2013 wrote:
           | That's a difference in kind, not degree. People find watching
           | movies interesting, not making them. They're two completely
           | different experiences.
        
             | rosecross wrote:
             | Interests don't stay in boxes. They grow tentacles that
             | reach up and down the chain of production. They bump up
             | against adjacent fields and they make the whole world look
             | a little different. A single curiosity will evolve and
             | change form over time. The beginning of it might not be
             | boring to others, but if you take it far enough the end
             | probably will be.
        
         | maxibenner wrote:
         | I'd imagine that a lot of people who are interested in taking
         | photographs might zone out once I start talking about content-
         | based interpretation and the renewal of artistic language.
        
         | stanleydrew wrote:
         | Thinking about boredom as a "matter of kind" is just a special
         | case of "matter of degree." The degree is just zero or not
         | zero.
         | 
         | There are lots of subjects that I have a cursory interest in,
         | but then I'm done exploring once I've read the Wikipedia page.
        
       | sagarpatil wrote:
       | Let's talk a little more about the complicated business of
       | figuring out what to work on.
       | 
       | When it comes to figuring out what to work on, you're on your
       | own. Some people get lucky and do guess correctly, but the rest
       | will find themselves scrambling diagonally across tracks laid
       | down on the assumption that everyone does. --- This poses a
       | significant problem, and I'm still seeking solutions.
       | 
       | As a child, I was fascinated by computer games and decided to
       | become a computer engineer.
       | 
       | However, I later discovered that I was not particularly skilled
       | in math and programming. Despite the struggle, I managed to
       | complete my degree.
       | 
       | I had a genuine knack for history and geography and genuinely
       | enjoyed them. However, I wasn't sure if there were any viable
       | career paths based on my interests, so I didn't pursue them.
        
       | spoonfeeder006 wrote:
       | > When you're young you don't know what you're good at or what
       | different kinds of work are like. Some kinds of work you end up
       | doing may not even exist yet. So while some people know what they
       | want to do at 14, most have to figure it out.
       | 
       | That just gave me an idea for a phone app: Something that helps
       | teenagers explore their interests and aptitudes (but not skills
       | of course)
       | 
       | Thoughts?
        
         | IAmGraydon wrote:
         | I like the idea, but it's quite broad. It's essentially what
         | school is supposed to do.
        
           | spoonfeeder006 wrote:
           | Yeah true. I don't know the scene in the schools but I have
           | read a lot about how math education is pretty dismal, at
           | least in the USA, depending on the teacher
           | 
           | Maybe theres a way for an app to help someone who does have a
           | math aptitude to realize that they do and that math is fun
           | and not a bunch of rote memorization of formulas
           | 
           | And repeat for like.... a bunch of other types of thought
           | 
           | But you're right, it is pretty broad, so maybe best to start
           | with a specific field
           | 
           | There are apps like Brilliant that focus on math, so maybe
           | that fills that niche, or maybe theres something that else
           | could be added to it in terms of helping someone explore the
           | raw thought processes involved
        
             | IAmGraydon wrote:
             | Maybe you could devise a test that, when completed, can
             | detect where their natural strengths lie. I imagine such a
             | test would be somewhat lengthy. That could easily be turned
             | into an app and marketed.
        
         | klabb3 wrote:
         | I had a thought a while back about how education systems are
         | somewhat bad proxies for the type of work you want to do. There
         | are many factors aside from just pure method that determine
         | good fit, such as degrees of freedom, number of collaborators,
         | market saturation and maturity, and feedback cycle lengths,
         | etc.
         | 
         | These vary greatly in "real life" but are almost always
         | restricted in education systems. For instance, simple things
         | like "there is a right answer to this question", "you can
         | finish this task in less than a week" and of course "an older
         | more experienced person will judge your work" are true in
         | school but vary greatly in the wild.
         | 
         | I've found that people's true passion axes mostly aren't
         | aligned with specific sub-fields (like say theoretical
         | astrophysics, improv jazz saxophone), but tend to orient
         | themselves towards higher level features. As someone who used
         | to think that narrow specialization is paramount, this
         | realization is incredibly liberating (also kinda missing from
         | PGs post - I think he's missing or glossing over an important
         | aspect here).
        
           | spoonfeeder006 wrote:
           | > education systems are somewhat bad proxies for the type of
           | work you want to do
           | 
           | Is that because that doing the actual relevant work is the
           | way to find out? If so, maybe making the app more like a game
           | where it tries to simulate things like that
           | 
           | > higher level features
           | 
           | Yeah, thats kind of along the lines I was thinking. Not
           | specific roles but types of thought process, and now that you
           | mention it, types of impact
           | 
           | The whole idea is about uncovering what unique gems a
           | teenager (or adult even) has, rather conforming them to a
           | predetermined framework
        
       | cookie_monsta wrote:
       | It feels like this takes a very narrow definition of greatness
       | which is more aligned to innovation and "What will make you
       | famous" or "What will be commercially successful".
       | 
       | From plant life and human health all the way up to nation states,
       | there are lots of people doing great work just making sure that
       | things keep running smoothly.
        
         | mensetmanusman wrote:
         | Curiosity is key.
         | 
         | I know people who are perfectly content following obscurity
         | with curiosity and the world would not consider them successful
         | by monetary measures.
        
         | slothtrop wrote:
         | This is contrived. You can do a good job bagging groceries, but
         | no society will ever elevate that to "greatness". Colloquially
         | it's either in reference to mastery, or prolific/high-impact
         | work as society is concerned.
        
         | tinktank wrote:
         | Absolutely. I'm constantly amazed at the clever, resourceful
         | folks beavering away on things that don't have a lot of
         | visibility.
        
         | peteradio wrote:
         | Seems well aligned with the dictionary definition of great. If
         | you are maintaining the status quo that is pretty much by
         | definition not great.
        
           | badpun wrote:
           | great: immense; notable; momentous; exalted; grand
           | 
           | If you can dig ditches faster than anyone else, then you're a
           | great ditch digger, and you're doing great work. Similarly,
           | if you're a surgeon who saves much more lives than the
           | average, you're doing great work. Etc.
        
         | andrewstuart wrote:
         | IMO he's talking about innovation and creation as "great work".
         | 
         | Sure there's vast numbers of people doing great work that isn't
         | innovation and creation.
         | 
         | You're dismissing the insights here too quickly if you're just
         | wanting to find fault with the intersection of the term "great
         | work" with all the people in the world doing all sorts of
         | different types of great work.
         | 
         | This is about creation and innovation as great work.
        
         | dclowd9901 wrote:
         | There are also lots of innovations in keeping things running
         | smoothly. And the wonks in those fields recognize those
         | innovations and those innovative folks do tend to enjoy _some_
         | level of fame or notoriety (if not at a general public level).
        
         | masto wrote:
         | It's Paul Graham. He's a poster child for essays about how
         | there's one way to do things.
         | 
         | If you want to have a successful internet business, code in
         | lisp.
        
         | dzogchen wrote:
         | It is a very narcisistic perspective. Which makes sense if you
         | consider the author.
        
         | andai wrote:
         | Both are necessary. I think the difference is that Group A
         | (keep things running) without Group B (explore new territory)
         | would have kept us in the stone ages. However, that is not to
         | understate their importance: a humanity consisting entirely of
         | Group B would be much more unstable, and possibly have gone
         | extinct.
         | 
         | It's similar to the Rogue Bees: https://www.mrdbourke.com/what-
         | if-you-did-the-exact-opposite...
         | 
         | Although rogue bees (as a small portion of the population) are
         | actually essential to a hive's survival.
        
           | neon_electro wrote:
           | Could it be possible that there is also overlap between
           | groups A and B, and the interdependence is what fuels
           | societal progress more than "it's all group B"?
        
             | hooverd wrote:
             | A tortured analogy could be line cooks and dishwashers, the
             | line cooks made all the tasty food, but the kitchen would
             | crash and burn without the dishwashers and busboys and prep
             | cooks.
        
         | varelse wrote:
         | [dead]
        
         | goodbyesf wrote:
         | > It feels like this takes a very narrow definition of
         | greatness which is more aligned to innovation and "What will
         | make you famous" or "What will be commercially successful".
         | 
         | The guy invests money in and profits from other people doing
         | "great work". So it shouldn't be too shocking his primary focus
         | is on the commercial or the innovative.
        
       | JohnCurran wrote:
       | I respect Paul and everything that he writes, even if I don't
       | agree with it. It takes some serious stones to publish your
       | thoughts on the internet - whether people agree or not.
       | 
       | In any case. This seems like a continuation of the never ending
       | quest for people to sacrifice themselves for the betterment of a
       | corporate profit they will never see.
       | 
       | I'm not interested in eliminating the ceiling - I want to raise
       | the floor. Having a "side hustle" shouldn't be a requirement to
       | get by.
       | 
       | I am frustrated that the USA's money advice largely comes from
       | billionaires. They're not like us. That's OK. There's a lot of
       | room between millions and billions
        
         | matwood wrote:
         | > I am frustrated that the USA's money advice largely comes
         | from billionaires.
         | 
         | One of my big issues with the 'follow your passion' advice is
         | it almost always comes from people who are already rich. And,
         | those people are often trying to leverage worker passion to
         | staff their companies.
         | 
         | As a young person, don't follow your passion. Instead, figure
         | out the fastest way to economic security and once there, then
         | figure out a passion.
        
           | JohnCurran wrote:
           | > Instead, figure out the fastest way to economic security
           | and once there, then figure out a passion
           | 
           | This is good advice and I agree with it. I just wish it
           | wasn't the advice we had to give
        
             | jebarker wrote:
             | Do you say that because you think the work required to
             | achieve economic security is too much? I ask because it's
             | hard to imagine an alternative that would enable more
             | people to follow their passions without securing the
             | essentials first.
        
           | red_admiral wrote:
           | There's a saying from Eastern Europe: first learn a trade,
           | then follow your dreams. If the dreams don't work out, you'll
           | still be able to earn a living.
        
             | badpun wrote:
             | Andrzej Sapkowski (polish fantasy author, of "The Witcher"
             | fame), when asked about his advice for young people who
             | want to be professional writers like him said: "get into an
             | honest and, if at all possible, profitable profession".
             | We're not dreamers here in EE like people in US, we're not
             | reach enough to afford it :)
        
           | samuellevy wrote:
           | There's an interview with Bo Burnham where he puts it
           | clearly...
           | 
           | > Don't listen to people who just got very lucky. Taylor
           | Swift telling you to "follow your dreams" is like a lottery
           | winner saying "liquidise your assets, buy Powerball tickets.
           | It works!"
           | 
           | And that's the thing. Skill and talent are important, but
           | there's a certain amount of success that's only achievable
           | through luck, or through starting from _so far ahead_ that
           | it's just genuinely out of reach for us mere mortals.
           | 
           | Is the experience of those people irrelevant? No, but it's
           | also not actually applicable to most other people.
        
             | biztos wrote:
             | Surely there's some luck involved, but wouldn't the Taylor
             | Swift analogy be more like "develop a product that
             | leverages your talents and is likely to have mass appeal,
             | work your ass off perfecting your ability to deliver that
             | product, take the extreme negative externalities of success
             | in your business without complaining, and once you get
             | traction double down on the working your ass off part?" Oh
             | and also "have sufficient business acumen to stare down
             | Apple and win?"
        
         | austin-cheney wrote:
         | I have noticed a divergence between product quality and
         | incentive. The more distant the incentives are the less product
         | quality matters. I have observed this at every place of
         | employment, personal project, and entertainment software I have
         | ever touched. It comes down to this:
         | 
         | 1) What is the purpose of the product/platform/work? Typically
         | when speaking of software generally there is only one correct
         | answer: automation. If the stakeholder cannot answer this
         | question in 2 words or less nothing else matters, because this
         | the foundation from everything else derives.
         | 
         | 2) How does the stakeholder define product quality? Do they
         | measure any of that? If there are not written goals AND
         | measures its probably all bullshit.
         | 
         | 3) How directly are incentives tied to the defined product
         | quality goals? If I have to count the hops using two hands
         | there are no product quality goals.
         | 
         | 4) What is the target audience of the product quality goals? In
         | theory the primary audience should that which is the primary
         | driver of revenue, but in reality it is typically that which is
         | of greatest comfort to people analyzing requirements. This is
         | where things get toxic. This is what makes me want to abandon
         | software as a profession.
         | 
         | 5) Incentives are not necessarily compensation.
         | 
         | With this list in mind the typical goal of a corporate software
         | developer is to complete some tasks, get paid, and retain
         | employment. Product quality is completely irrelevant up to and
         | including some tolerance for terminal failure.
        
           | Aeolun wrote:
           | > including some tolerance for terminal failure.
           | 
           | On the other hand, you cannot survive as a corporate software
           | dev without this ability because 80% of the failure will be
           | completely unrelated to anything you do.
           | 
           | I keep thinking about these two massive projects we were
           | working on with literally 50 people only to find out after
           | completion that nobody had asked the client if they actually
           | wanted anything like it. All that work down the drain...
        
         | Lk7Of3vfJS2n wrote:
         | > This seems like a continuation of the never ending quest for
         | people to sacrifice themselves for the betterment of a
         | corporate profit they will never see.
         | 
         | Reading the essay I didn't see a reference to "the betterment
         | of a corporate profit". Doing good work doesn't mean starting a
         | startup, if this is what you meant.
        
       | mattlondon wrote:
       | TL;Dr - be rich enough that you don't need to do Real Work and
       | can focus on your personal passion projects.
        
       | astee wrote:
       | Prioritize output early.
       | 
       | You can't do great without slogging through mediocre. Don't be
       | afraid to suck. Don't stop at the first failure.
       | 
       | And don't worry about originality. Creativity comes from doing.
       | Experience begets ideas.
        
       | 11thEarlOfMar wrote:
       | "Luck by definition you can't do anything about, so we can ignore
       | that."
       | 
       | Is there value in differentiating Luck from Chance? Perhaps Luck
       | only pertains to attributes of you and your life you cannot
       | change. Such as your DNA and your life before you can leave home.
       | 
       | Chance can apply to the life path you determine for yourself.
       | Perhaps, unknown to you, doing great work depends on a Chance
       | encounter with a potential mentor in the field you are pursuing.
       | You can increase your Chance of meeting that mentor by living in
       | an area that has a high concentration of people in your field of
       | interest. That Chance encounter is still a matter of Luck, but
       | requires 'less' Luck than if you lived on a different continent.
        
       | ignoramous wrote:
       | https mirror: https://archive.is/4ZlRl
        
       | thisismyswamp wrote:
       | The thing I try to keep in mind most when dealing with these
       | kinds of blog posts is that something that must be helpful to a
       | majority of its audience will inevitably lose a lot of the value
       | it can provide to each individual.
        
         | chubot wrote:
         | It is a bit weirdly generalized
         | 
         | I kept trying to read between the lines for the domain PG is
         | known for and writes most frequently about -- startups
         | 
         | But a lot of the writing seems to apply to achievements in
         | math, science, art, and literature
         | 
         | I think the latter four domains have a lot more in common with
         | each other than they have in common with startups
         | 
         | And PG seems to write and claim expertise largely in startups,
         | although certainly he has experience in many areas and is well
         | read
         | 
         | So it would be nice to address that, otherwise it does seem
         | less useful
         | 
         | I'd agree the first part of the essay generalizes, but have my
         | doubts about many points deeper in the essay
        
           | chubot wrote:
           | Just to elaborate on what bugged me about this essay --
           | probably the most important part for many domains is a single
           | sentence, the last one in this paragraph:
           | 
           |  _Most of us can benefit from collaborating with colleagues,
           | but some projects require people on a larger scale, and
           | starting one of those is not for everyone. If you want to run
           | a project like that, you 'll have to become a manager, and
           | managing well takes aptitude and interest like any other kind
           | of work. If you don't have them, there is no middle path: you
           | must either force yourself to learn management as a second
           | language, or avoid such projects_
           | 
           | "You must force yourself to learn management" is not very
           | useful
           | 
           | It's basically like saying "go run a marathon in a world
           | record time"
           | 
           | ---
           | 
           | And I'd say that's the KEY difference between companies and
           | math/art/literature
           | 
           | The former are necessarily collaborative -- YC even says that
           | PREFER co-founders; they reject solo founders
           | 
           | Whereas math/art/literature has more of a solo feel, and so
           | does this essay, despite the fact that PG is accomplished
           | more in the collaborative domains
           | 
           | Science these days is probably more like a company, more
           | collaborative. A hundred years ago it was probably closer to
           | math
           | 
           | So I would have preferred to read about one kind of endeavor
           | or the other; as is, it's something of a mish-mash that's not
           | too actionable
           | 
           | It's more of a "cheering section" for people working mostly
           | alone, not really practical advice
           | 
           | ---
           | 
           | That said, I do appreciate his turns of phrase (going
           | diagonally across the tracks), and the metaphor of reaching
           | the edge of knowledge, it fractally expanding, etc.
           | 
           | (It's probably more that I've already gotten these ideas from
           | his previous essays, which are mostly great)
        
         | moneywoes wrote:
         | Where do you go for specific advice, upwork?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | iamwil wrote:
       | PG tends to revisit the same topics from different angles in
       | multiple essays as he's figuring something out. You can hear
       | resonances of this essay in a previous essay he had a long time
       | ago about cultivating taste for makers.
       | 
       | http://www.paulgraham.com/taste.html
        
         | mikewarot wrote:
         | Ansel Adams tended to visit the same sites and take slightly
         | different photographs over time, refining his vision of a
         | place. I think it's a modality of most work, refinement and
         | improvement over time as new perspectives are incorporated.
        
           | mkoubaa wrote:
           | I revisit my favorite recipes and while each experiment isn't
           | always better over a long enough time span they do seem to
           | taste better
        
       | nadam wrote:
       | As I got older I have a very different take on pg's essays than
       | when I was younger. When I was younger these essays motivated me,
       | as I felt that these essays are written for me. PG seemingly
       | addresses many of his essays to 'very ambitious', 'extremely
       | smart', 'independent thinking' people, and writes about topics to
       | achieve extreme success. When I was younger I believed I am such
       | a person. Now I know that I am smarter than average, has a little
       | bit more ambition than average, but I am probably not THAT
       | special. And it is OK. I can be, and am relatively successful.
       | Without pg's grandious motivational writings.
       | 
       | Nowadays I am not motivated by pg's essays as I am much much more
       | conscious about myself and my motivations. When reading his
       | essays I am much more interested in the rhetoric he uses to
       | convince young people. I became an outsider, a third-party
       | observer when it comes to his essays.
       | 
       | One interesting thing I noticed at the start of the essay is that
       | he starts with a descriptive tone: at the first sentence he does
       | not assume that I, as a reader want to do 'great work'. "to
       | create a guide that could be used by someone working in any
       | field." But then suddenly he writes this: "The following recipe
       | assumes you're very ambitious." Now suddenly he makes the reader
       | of the essay and the one he gives advice to equivalent.
       | 
       | Ok, my personal opinion on pg's advice: For fairly ambitious
       | people, who has some life experience these essays are fairly
       | trivial. Absolutely not actionable. Most of us will not do 'great
       | work'. Most of his readers will do 'good enough' work, even
       | slightly above-average work. My advice would be that do what
       | fulfills you. Don't aim for great work, aim for good work. If you
       | are lucky your work can even become great. But you can still be
       | happy if it is just good. Also don't sacrifice yourself too much
       | chasing overly ambitious ideas while you are poor. Try to find
       | joy in work that brings you closer to financial independence with
       | much greater chance than pg's romanticized 'great work'.
        
         | the_common_man wrote:
         | What's the difference between great work and good work? It
         | seems you are trying very hard to be a contrarian ( Which
         | funnily is a trait of older age )
        
           | nadam wrote:
           | The difference is that great work is achieved by 1 in one
           | million people. Good work can be achieved by one in 1000
           | people, or one in 100 depending on your definition. You can
           | adjust your definition of good work to your circumstances.
           | The difference is that even if you are much smarter than
           | average you have miniscule chance to achieve the kind of
           | great work pg tells you about. You can have a high chance to
           | achieve good work, if your definition of good work is
           | realistic.
           | 
           | Yeah, I have some contrarian tendencies, always had, but I am
           | not contrarian in every topic and hopefully not contrarian
           | just for the sake of it.
        
             | inimino wrote:
             | Your definition of good work is so above and beyond that
             | well under one percent can approach the rarified air of
             | your high standards? I don't believe you.
        
               | nadam wrote:
               | The main problem is that pg does not even try to define
               | what level of success he speaks about. I think he should
               | be more clear and honest about it: Is it the one in a
               | million great work he writes about, or is it the one in
               | 100? These are entirely different stories. Anyway I am
               | afraid he writes about the one in a million kind. And my
               | point is that don't try to optimize for that kind of
               | success, it is better to adjust your approach to your
               | circumstances to have a greater chance of success.
        
           | isaacremuant wrote:
           | Yeah. His comment is very hard to parse for insight.
           | 
           | One thing that happens the more experienced you get is that
           | more and more of your work seems "not complex"/"too trivial".
           | But then you realize how many people struggle at those
           | trivial things in similar position and realize it's a trait:
           | - implement simple solutions that provide value. - empower
           | others to understand and use your solutions and implement
           | their own. - tackle on more issues that provide the most
           | value (and not necessarily the most complex). - repeat and
           | expand. Do more with less. Make it less or a battle. - help
           | and foster collaboration of heterogeneous actors. -
           | proactively fix projects before they go the wrong way. - etc
           | 
           | It's not about being particular smart or better but finding
           | methodologies that work and being very conscious and
           | intentional about your work.
        
       | mmargerum wrote:
       | Why doesn't paul take some of that cash horde and put it into the
       | LISP community? Maybe he does?
        
         | black_13 wrote:
         | [dead]
        
       | krosaen wrote:
       | For every person doing great work of the sort he describes -
       | original and impactful - there often needs to be several talented
       | people helping to execute towards the newly discovered goal. He
       | hints at this when he mentions the need to manage on certain
       | types of projects. So what of all those talented craftsmen
       | helping get the idea done? Working a job, hard enough to squeeze
       | away time towards significant side projects (if one still desires
       | to maintain good health and relations with family)? Are they
       | suckers? Should they phone it in at work to leave time for their
       | side hustle? What if trying hard at their main job is more
       | impactful? This is the paradox of startup advice. It's good
       | advice for those aiming to do original work. But it turns its
       | nose up at the kind of work that is a vital ingredient towards
       | achieving great things. And I think Cal Newports advice is more
       | practical in this sense - cultivating craft and autonomy within
       | any role can be equally satisfying and is way more practical for
       | a lot of people.
       | 
       | That said, I still really like PG's advice for how to think about
       | being original, and I suppose I shouldn't expect someone trying
       | to convince more people to become founders to be completely even
       | handed about assessing or recommending other kinds of meaningful
       | impactful work.
        
       | emmender wrote:
       | As Mark Twain said: "I wrote a long essay because I didn't want
       | to put the effort writing a shorter one" - applies to this piece.
        
         | rosecross wrote:
         | Guess you didn't read to the end
        
           | emmender wrote:
           | No, I did not.
           | 
           | The question is ill-posed imo. I would invert the question
           | and ask: "How not to suck at your work" as that would lead to
           | similar conclusions, and is more actionable.
           | 
           | This essay has too many weasel sentences like:
           | 
           | "Boldly chase outlier ideas,"
           | 
           | "Husband your morale"
           | 
           | "Doing great work is a depth-first search whose root node is
           | the desire to. "
           | 
           | "Curiosity is the best guide."
           | 
           | This is woolly-feel-good writing that chatgpt and folks like
           | steve pinker, deepak chopra etc specialize in, ie: a bag-of-
           | words about fuzzy feel-good ideas we all want to hear.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | jb1991 wrote:
         | Many of us feel this way about his essays. He bloviates often
         | as if on a pedestal without realizing how transparently
         | arrogant he sounds. Many of his ideas inherently contradict his
         | other ideas, or are simply vague and shallow. But he's rich, so
         | of course he must be an astute philosopher.
        
           | nicbou wrote:
           | The comment above was fair criticism. This one is needlessly
           | mean. Pay attention to the community guidelines:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
             | jb1991 wrote:
             | Thank you for your note, and for all you do to help
             | moderate HN. Moderators like you help keep the site honest.
             | 
             | I have reviewed the link you provided. I agree with the
             | guidelines noted therein. I asked some of my peers to give
             | an objective read of my comment and they found it an
             | accurate reflection of how they too responded to the posted
             | essay. I cannot identify anything about it that was
             | contrary to what is observed by many members of this
             | community.
             | 
             | I do apologize to you though if you read it differently.
        
               | nicbou wrote:
               | I'm not a moderator, just a fellow user.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | jakeduth wrote:
       | I clicked on this without seeing that it's on paulgraham.com, yet
       | still picked up it was his writing within a minute of reading.
       | His writing is distinct even for someone who hasn't read much of
       | it.
       | 
       | My question is: why?
        
         | a_bonobo wrote:
         | It's a unique mix of true earnestness, over-generalisation,
         | very short sentences of roughly similar length, some insights,
         | and a preachy tone. and a 90s website design :)
        
       | oldstrangers wrote:
       | Can we get Paul an SSL cert?
        
         | throw_pm23 wrote:
         | How did it hold you back that it was plain http?
        
           | oldstrangers wrote:
           | That's irrelevant obviously but Chrome pushing a bunch of
           | 'not secure' warnings at me isn't ideal.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | gozzoo wrote:
       | Am I the only one who is noticing that pg's posts are getting
       | longer lately?
        
       | redheadmad wrote:
       | I think, while you are not in top10%, you shoud copy best
       | practices. Or even untill top3%. And when you get there - then
       | you shoud think about own system.
        
       | travisjungroth wrote:
       | > Knowledge expands fractally, and from a distance its edges look
       | smooth, but once you learn enough to get close to one, they turn
       | out to be full of gaps.
       | 
       | It is incredibly easy to get onto untrodden ground just by
       | stepping off the main path a bit. You're fighting with a lot of
       | smart people to have a new insight about pi and e. But if you
       | focus on application of theory, it's very easy to do something
       | new. Application is about intersections, and the combinatorics
       | brings novelty right to your nose.
       | 
       | Pick a random combination of tech, domain, and theory and it's
       | unlikely to have been explored. It's unlikely to be _useful_ ,
       | but that's what makes it exploration and not farming.
        
         | wcedmisten wrote:
         | Yes! I've found this approach very useful with my own projects.
         | I might not be out here inventing C++ or Linux, but it's
         | actually not too hard to find projects where you can apply well
         | known computing techniques or technologies to a new domain to
         | do something truly new.
         | 
         | I think this is really motivational because doing something new
         | and showing the world is really fun!
        
           | bigdict wrote:
           | > I might not be out here inventing C++
           | 
           | thank you!
        
             | the_common_man wrote:
             | World already has one C++ too many . Thanks op
        
         | PartiallyTyped wrote:
         | It's so incredible how deep the rabbit-hole goes when you try
         | to solve a real world problem and you have the capacity to
         | understand and pull information from a vast number of seemingly
         | unrelated works.
         | 
         | I really believe that this is the best time to be a polymath,
         | or at least have a broad spectrum of knowledge and references
         | to look into and pull information from; and that being a true
         | generalist that can dive as deep as needed enables you to build
         | great stuff. But maybe that's just my experience.
        
           | creer wrote:
           | Re. "this is the best time to be a polymath". I was noticing
           | something like that. For a while it became impossible to know
           | or do "science" ("philosophy", was it?) as a whole. Too
           | broad, too deep. That was not the end of the polymath but it
           | was the end of truly broad expertise in one individual. Then
           | the net in general made so much info available painlessly.
           | (Much faster to dig deep on a narrow issue and switch issues
           | - than say, even with a large academic library.) So that now,
           | it's still not possible to master the forefront of tech or
           | science on a very broad front, but it is possible to dig deep
           | as needed to address this or that problem in the pursuit of
           | what is now just about always a multidisciplinary project.
           | 
           | With the very present danger that many feel that a couple
           | youtube videos is as deep as they ever need to go.
           | 
           | Being able to gauge how deep and broad you have to go for
           | each difficulty you encounter has become an important skill.
           | But polymath seems very possible.
        
           | travisjungroth wrote:
           | > It's so incredible how deep the rabbit-hole goes when you
           | try to solve a real world problem and you have the capacity
           | to understand and pull information from a vast number of
           | seemingly unrelated works.
           | 
           | It's funny, I considered quoting this other part as well:
           | 
           | > The big prize is to discover a new fractal bud. You notice
           | a crack in the surface of knowledge, pry it open, and there's
           | a whole world inside.
           | 
           | The nature of fractals is that everything is a new fractal
           | bud. There's really endless complexity everywhere. So I don't
           | think that alone is the "big prize". There's some other
           | dimension, like utility or interest. Because I get that
           | discovering a new subfield of topology is different from
           | discovering the new sounds you can make banging on your
           | stove. But it's not just that one has more to it than the
           | other.
           | 
           | Real world problems with disparate fields involved are a rich
           | of source of "medium sized" fractal buds by this unnamed
           | measure. No one is dedicating their life to your application
           | of measure theory to data dashboards, but it's meatier than
           | searching in the absurd and easier to find than breaking
           | ground in pure theory.
        
             | mistermann wrote:
             | > The nature of fractals is that everything is a new
             | fractal bud. There's really endless complexity everywhere.
             | So I don't think that alone is the "big prize". There's
             | some other dimension, like utility or interest.
             | 
             | Here's another dimension: try convincing others of this
             | _while they 're discussing a specific object level problem_
             | and see how that goes.
        
               | travisjungroth wrote:
               | I don't really follow. You've quoted a few statements and
               | I also don't know what you mean by a specific object
               | level problem.
               | 
               | Is it that it would be hard to convince people there's
               | endless complexity in this domain while they're deciding
               | what to get for lunch? Yeah, probably. They're too
               | hungry.
        
           | wsintra2022 wrote:
           | I second that, I feel like right now, with the rise of ML
           | tools in audio production, demucs, audio to midi, voice
           | clones etc, the rise of image generation and text. Coupled
           | with some coding skills and interests in many different
           | fields I could not get bored in a million years because there
           | can be so much to jump into and learn/create/explore
        
         | Biologist123 wrote:
         | I don't know man, farming in most of the world is a totally
         | risky activity.
        
           | tuukkah wrote:
           | You might say the climate crisis has made it interesting.
        
             | ycomb-acct wrote:
             | [flagged]
        
               | JoeAltmaier wrote:
               | Just a self-delusion due to lack of research. It's all
               | due to technology advances, all of it. Against increasing
               | drought and heat.
               | 
               | Sure corn grows in more places now. Because they warmed
               | up - a concern of its own. They'll not stop warming up.
               | Witness https://globalnews.ca/news/9761043/dry-spring-
               | southern-alber...
        
               | ycomb-acct wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
         | sacnoradhq wrote:
         | Some categories are explored or unexplored because either they
         | didn't have a compelling, defining entrant like smart watches
         | or they're Chindogu like flying cars and VR.
         | 
         | Build something that's currently painful you know there's a
         | definite need for and people would gladly pay money for.
         | Solving a burning pain is far more compelling than
         | incrementally better with the gotcha of introducing the risk of
         | change.
         | 
         | The biggest mistake people make is not letting things soak in a
         | lean, passive income marketable way. They'll build something,
         | shake the trees for customers for a little while, and then turn
         | it off 3 months later when they're not instant internet
         | billionaires. Not working would be 15 years later <$10k/year
         | net profit. Let it simmer with as little engineering investment
         | as possible. Never waste time on churn for churn's sake, or
         | effort that doesn't add end-user UX value.
        
       | codazoda wrote:
       | I like the article and I believe much of it, but I've been
       | chasing personal passions for more than 25 years and I haven't
       | had a side project I'd call successful, at least not in a
       | financial sense. So, there's something else to that part. I
       | suspect it's at least a bit of luck. I continue to try to find a
       | function that will work for me.
        
       | igormartynov wrote:
       | Two words: Ambitious Curiosity
       | 
       | Twenty words: Strive for great work by choosing an exciting
       | field, exploring its frontiers, noticing gaps, and boldly
       | exploring promising ideas.
        
       | tppiotrowski wrote:
       | > What are you excessively curious about -- curious to a degree
       | that would bore most other people? That's what you're looking
       | for.
       | 
       | > The three most powerful motives are curiosity, delight, and the
       | desire to do something impressive.
       | 
       | There's a contradiction here. If you work on something that bores
       | other people (small niches) it will not satisfy the desire to do
       | something impressive.
       | 
       | For example: I want to tell my in-laws I work at Google, but I
       | really want to create maps that simulate sunlight and shadow
        
       | vervas wrote:
       | https://youtu.be/HL1UzIK-flA
        
       | snihalani wrote:
       | can I sell pg a https cert plz
        
       | travisgriggs wrote:
       | Hmmm...
       | 
       | > At 7 it may seem excitingly ambitious to build huge things out
       | of Lego, then at 14 to teach yourself calculus, till at 21 you're
       | starting to explore unanswered questions in physics. But always
       | preserve excitingness.
       | 
       | I'm 53 and some of my greatest joys still come from well executed
       | Lego builds. Wonder if I'm stuck in a rut :/
        
         | js2 wrote:
         | Some of my greatest joys are cooking a meal and doing the lawn.
         | They are so much different than writing software. There's a
         | start, an end, and a clear set of steps in between where you
         | can easily see your progress. When you're done, you can step
         | back and admire your work, and show it to others.
         | 
         | Do you ever refactor your LEGO builds into new builds? Do you
         | prefer kits or building something of your own design from
         | generic sets?
        
           | jahewson wrote:
           | I like to start with a deck of my LEGO design for the pre-
           | seed round.
        
         | borski wrote:
         | Nah. I literally have a LEGO brick tattoo. Never let that die.
        
         | Swizec wrote:
         | I "rediscovered" LEGO in my early 30's. Turns out when you're
         | an adult, LEGO isn't _that_ expensive and you can _just buy a
         | set_. Walk into a store and walk out with a brand new set!
         | 
         | It's an amazing and dangerous freedom. 3 short years later and
         | I have more sets than space.
         | 
         | Now all I need is the time and space I had as a kid to treat
         | LEGO as a tool for invention. Build stuff out of imagination,
         | not a blueprint. Then again, as an adult, I could also get a
         | bunch of power tools and "play with LEGOs" without using actual
         | LEGOs ... hmmmm
        
           | rizky05 wrote:
           | [dead]
        
         | dclowd9901 wrote:
         | I used to be thrilled with big sets because they were... well,
         | big.
         | 
         | Now, I find Lego building relaxing with the occasional delight
         | at a technique the master builders came up with to create some
         | sort of texture or shape using those bricks.
        
           | 2snakes wrote:
           | new legos are the devil because all the creative thinking is
           | done behind a desk at lego. (not my thought, just repeating)
        
       | svilen_dobrev wrote:
       | > Obviously the most exciting story to write will be the one you
       | want to read. The reason I mention this case explicitly is that
       | so many people get it wrong. Instead of making what they want,
       | they try to make what some imaginary, more sophisticated audience
       | wants.
       | 
       | somehow, i have almost always made software as for my self if i
       | were the user. And out of 35+ years and 20?30?50?70? projects,
       | only 5 times this aligned. While in most ~~failed cases it was
       | that _i wanted_ much more sophisticated stuff than the eventual
       | audience (if any). Or i was not connected to right audience. All
       | the same.
       | 
       | so.. YMMV
       | 
       | ------
       | 
       | another one...
       | 
       | > It's a great thing to be rich in unanswered questions. And this
       | is one of those situations where the rich get richer, because the
       | best way to acquire new questions is to try answering existing
       | ones. Questions don't just lead to answers, but also to more
       | questions.
       | 
       | reminds me of something i told once to my mentees:
       | 
       | "searching answers.. does not make life interesting. Search for
       | questions... then you beCOME interesting. And inconvenient. To
       | the asnwer-producers (whole industries and institutions are only
       | doing this).
       | 
       | which.. is already interesting :)
       | 
       | ...Most People are either Answers - and boring ones - or not even
       | Answers, only lay faceless. banal. incredibly predictable and..
       | like a transparent bag, you see through but can get through..
       | 
       | search for People-that-are-Questions. search. "
       | 
       | have fun
        
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