[HN Gopher] Delta flight lands in Charlotte without front landin...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Delta flight lands in Charlotte without front landing gear
        
       Author : iamjfu
       Score  : 130 points
       Date   : 2023-06-29 11:31 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.wbtv.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.wbtv.com)
        
       | h0nd wrote:
       | Is the video available without IP-restrictions?
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | gyani wrote:
       | In 15-20 years we will have helper drone(s) incorporated in each
       | aircraft that can fly off and provide an outside scan of the
       | craft, perhaps even perform minor repairs.
        
         | bronco21016 wrote:
         | Have you dealt with the FAA before? It's been a decade long
         | battle to change certification standards for GA aircraft that
         | contain multiple redundant solid state instruments over
         | mechanically driven gyros. Maybe in 100 years.
        
       | trillic wrote:
       | Nice work by the pilots.
        
       | kylehotchkiss wrote:
       | It's cool how they wait as long as they can before gently placing
       | the nose on the runway. So much smoother and quieter than I
       | anticipated. Delta owes these pilots an off-duty drink!
        
         | koolba wrote:
         | > Delta owes these pilots an off-duty drink!
         | 
         | Fun fact: Pilots can have a non-zero BAC (I think .04). So they
         | could have it while on duty too if it's not a double!
        
           | andrewmunsell wrote:
           | You are technically correct about the BAC, but they
           | definitely cannot have one while "on duty", there's an 8 hour
           | limit between your last drink and flying and some airlines
           | have longer time windows by policy
           | 
           | https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/14/91.17
        
             | eastbound wrote:
             | 8 hour limit + 0.04 = They can drink a lot the day before,
             | but they have to aim pretty well...
        
           | intune wrote:
           | Not quite, there's also a rule that you can't operate an
           | aircraft within 8 hours of consuming alcohol, aka. "8 hours
           | bottle to throttle".
        
       | jbverschoor wrote:
       | They only circled around for a few minutes?
        
         | sidlls wrote:
         | These planes all come with handbooks that the manufacturer
         | provides for anomalous situations, like when some landing gear
         | don't work. Once the flight crew run through the checklists in
         | the handbooks for the problem, that's pretty much it. In
         | certain cases and time permitting, the crew might also be in
         | contact with their airline's maintenance/engineering staff in
         | case there's something else that _might_ be done. But once
         | those options are exhausted there 's no point in staying in the
         | air, and these checklists can generally be done fairly quickly
         | by a trained crew.
        
           | flaminHotSpeedo wrote:
           | I'm envious of the quality and coverage completeness of
           | airline checklists, tech runbooks could take a page out of
           | the airline book
        
         | mannykannot wrote:
         | There's no point in waiting once you have run through the
         | checklist and put the crash trucks in position.
        
           | jbverschoor wrote:
           | Maybe.. I'd wanna try a few more times
        
             | pc86 wrote:
             | Everything is done via checklists. You don't just "try a
             | few more times" unless there's some indication that you
             | should. They only had 30 minutes of fuel left, and if they
             | had an unrelated go-around and ran out of fuel while
             | setting up for another landing, everyone dies.
             | 
             | Once you've run all the relevant checklists and ARFF is in
             | position, you land the plane.
        
               | jbverschoor wrote:
               | Well obviously if there's no fuel :)
        
           | tallanvor wrote:
           | Unless you want to burn fuel, but it sounds like that wasn't
           | needed here.
        
             | londons_explore wrote:
             | If you suspect you're gonna turn into a hunk of bent metal
             | sliding down the runway, I'd rather there only be a couple
             | of gallons of fuel left, rather than a couple of hundred
             | gallons.
        
               | throwanem wrote:
               | In the scale of amounts of fuel aircraft carry, 30
               | minutes of fuel _is_ "a couple of gallons". You don't
               | want enough to overstress the airframe or fuel a massive
               | conflagration if the tanks are compromised, but you also
               | don't want so little that you've got no buffer in case
               | something else goes wrong, and 30 minutes at cruise (or
               | at the near-idle power settings used on approach, it
               | isn't clear here) is a lot less at takeoff/go-around
               | power.
        
         | goodcanadian wrote:
         | They run their checklists and once all options have been
         | exhausted to rectify the situation, what else should they do
         | other than land? Also, they only had 30 minutes of fuel
         | remaining.
        
         | swores wrote:
         | > _landed without nose gear extended at 08:54L (12:54Z) about
         | 12 minutes after the second go around and about 30 minutes
         | after the first go around._
         | 
         | Via _Tepix_ 's comment
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36519150
         | 
         | In combination with what _mannykannot_ replied to you, that
         | doesn 't sound particularly rushed to me (not that I'm an
         | expert, but it would be surprising if they'd needed an hour for
         | such a relatively common type of incident).
        
           | jbverschoor wrote:
           | Mmm yeah I guess that should be enough
        
         | pc86 wrote:
         | As opposed to?
        
       | runeks wrote:
       | How does a plane lose its front landing gear?
        
         | stefncb wrote:
         | It didn't literally lose the gear, there was a mechanical issue
         | that prevented it from engaging.
        
         | alistairSH wrote:
         | It was there, it just wouldn't drop into place.
         | 
         | I have seen (on one of the YouTube ATC channels) a comercial
         | jet (747, IIRC) that DID lose one of its main landing gear on
         | take-off. Another pilot (in another jet) saw the wheel bounce
         | across the runway.
         | 
         | That plane continued on its way and landed normally. It was
         | just one wheel of a four-wheel truck/assembly (of which a 747
         | has 4 sets).
        
       | noahmbarr wrote:
       | First, pilots should be commended. 101 (or 104) souls were saved.
       | 
       | This is an almost 23 year old plane. Even with checks and
       | maintenance, was age a factor?
        
         | ubermonkey wrote:
         | The airframe was 23 years old, but odds are pretty much
         | everything else on the plane had been replaced, probably
         | multiple times, in that service life.
        
         | ominous_prime wrote:
         | This is kind of patronizing to the pilots. There's nothing
         | particularly difficult about what they did, which has been
         | practiced many times. They ran their checklists, and then
         | landed the plane, and they did it well, just like any other
         | qualified pilot should have. People need to stop conflating
         | basic competence with heroics.
         | 
         | Age is always a factor in mechanical failure, but I'm sure this
         | failure will be inspected in detail to try and avoid it again
         | in the future
        
           | kylehotchkiss wrote:
           | They seemed to have timed placing the nose down better than I
           | anticipated. It speaks to their experience how gently they
           | were able to handle the situation.
        
           | bostonsre wrote:
           | I would imagine simulator practice is a good amount different
           | from executing the real thing when your adrenaline is kicking
           | in and they have a full plane. They are professionals that
           | executed a complex task gracefully to minimize the terror
           | that their passengers experienced (they balanced on the back
           | wheels for a long time to bleed off speed and the landing
           | seemed more graceful than many with all landing gear that
           | I've had). Why not give them some props instead of taking
           | them for granted? Maybe the pilots weren't too worried, but
           | I'm sure the passengers must have been pretty terrified.
        
             | quest88 wrote:
             | Just to nitpick, this landing technique is something every
             | pilot has to demonstrate to an FAA designated examiner to
             | get their first pilot certificate (or, the private pilot
             | license). So it's kind of like saying "Wow, you did the
             | thing every pilot has to do!". I get what you're saying
             | though - there's an emotional difference between doing this
             | when everything is fine and when you have a real emergency.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | I suspected it wasn't required for _every_ pilot since
               | most initially licensed pilots will train on airplanes
               | that don't have retractable landing gears in the first
               | place.
               | 
               | But I guess the technique isn't much different than if
               | your nose tire blew, which might be included in all
               | training?
               | 
               | Looks like flying with a retractable landing gear is a
               | separate "complex aircraft endorsement" that "has no
               | corresponding check ride or minimum number of flight or
               | ground hours that must be completed."
               | 
               | (Though that's what the regs say, the schools that
               | provide it do have those)
               | 
               | https://www.flyingmag.com/guides/how-to-earn-a-complex-
               | aircr...
        
               | quest88 wrote:
               | The technique is the soft-field landing technique,
               | required for every pilot[1]. It's for landing on soft
               | surfaces such as a grass strip. You must land with the
               | mains first and keep the nose wheel held off of the
               | ground for as long as possible, gently setting it down.
               | You don't need a complex aircraft for this.
               | 
               | This is the same technique the delta pilot used, and by
               | other pilots that had an abnormal nose-wheel deployment.
               | 
               | [1]The airmen certification standards: https://www.faa.go
               | v/sites/faa.gov/files/training_testing/tes...
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | Gotcha, thanks!
        
           | mrguyorama wrote:
           | An expert successfully doing the thing they trained for can
           | still be praiseworthy.
        
           | throwaway295729 wrote:
           | There's a difference between practicing for a situation and
           | being able to perform under the pressure and stress of when
           | it actually occurs and the consequences of failure are dire
        
       | phpisthebest wrote:
       | >>He said they were told the Federal Aviation Administration has
       | a hold on the plane so nothing can move on it or from it.
       | 
       | And then they wonder why people try to take their bags during an
       | emergency off boarding.... Because they know they will not see it
       | for a long time if ever again.
       | 
       | Stupid policy
        
         | joshstrange wrote:
         | Can you imagine leaving your laptop on a plane? In a situation
         | like this I'd almost certainly grab that and try to take it
         | with me. Airlines are already woefully incompetent in the best
         | of times with your luggage, what's even the timeline for
         | getting this stuff back? I don't buy the whole "we need it for
         | the investigation", buddy if something in my carry-on stopped
         | the front landing gear from opening you've got bigger issues.
         | It's already absurd they still go on about "airplane mode" with
         | phones/tablets. The airline industry is so horrible to deal
         | with.
        
           | vanattab wrote:
           | The investigation is not the primary reason your told the
           | leave your stuff its to avoid delays in an evacuation.
           | Imagine that the plane was less lucky I fire had started in
           | the front nose cone section. Then people trying to get there
           | bags could jeopardize the safety of the passengers in the
           | front of the plane.
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | I hope I'm never on the same plane as somebody with that
           | attitude in an emergency...
           | 
           | Things can move from "ugh this is annoying, where is the
           | truck with the stairs" to "the landing gear caught on fire
           | after all" very quickly.
           | 
           | https://www.insider.com/russian-plane-crash-aeroflot-
           | passeng...
        
         | ethanbond wrote:
         | Definitely an unfortunate policy but isn't it possible (at
         | least in some cases) that doing so would taint the evidence of
         | a problem that put hundreds of people at risk?
        
           | wkat4242 wrote:
           | But it doesn't really. The bags are nowhere near the gear
        
             | ethanbond wrote:
             | In _this_ instance yes, but presumably the policy is a
             | general one for all sorts of aviation incidents.
             | 
             | You could argue "well they should rapidly diagnose and make
             | a decision" and, sure, but that diagnosis is exactly the
             | question isn't it?
        
           | dheera wrote:
           | Uh, no. My medications in my carry-on, without which I will
           | have serious cardiac issues, are not related to the problem
           | or "evidence".
           | 
           | Agree it is a stupid policy. As long as there is no fire, at
           | least let people grab their carry-ons.
        
             | NamTaf wrote:
             | The counter-argument is that in some circumstances, is no
             | certainty that a fire will not break out at some arbitrary
             | time after the plane has landed and come to a stop. And if
             | one does break out, there is no certainty around how long
             | there is between ignition and Shit Going Badly, so the
             | prevailing result is to get the plane stationary, get
             | everyone off as quickly as possible, and _then_ assess the
             | situation.
             | 
             | edit for clarity: I understand the issue you face regarding
             | your medication being trapped on the plane and believe
             | airlines should indeed have a duty of care to ensure you
             | have rapid access to replacement medication at their
             | expense, but I'm specifically addressing why they have the
             | policy of telling people to not grab carry-on items during
             | evacuation.
        
             | ethanbond wrote:
             | That's a good point! I'd be genuinely shocked if the policy
             | didn't account for a way to solve that.
        
               | dheera wrote:
               | Yeah my point is, there are a whole lot of other things
               | people tend to have in their carry-ons that are critical
               | for their health. CPAP machines, CGMs, knee braces,
               | allergy-specific emergency food, adult diapers, insulin,
               | epi pens, the list goes on.
               | 
               | If there is actually an imminent threat to life, such as
               | a fire, of course all of these things should be left
               | behind. But I'm of the opinion that in no event should
               | anyone's _health_ be compromised in the name of a blanket
               | policy to collect  "evidence".
               | 
               | In short:
               | 
               | save lives >> protect health >> collect evidence
        
               | ethanbond wrote:
               | As a general heuristic, I've found that people who create
               | policies in a specialized field of expertise tend to
               | think through those policies a whole lot more than
               | internet commentators like myself do.
               | 
               | Especially when those policies will _obviously_ piss off
               | a bunch of people, I can either assume those people who
               | spend decades thinking about X don't know what they're
               | doing, or I can say "hey, I probably know way less than
               | they do." That doesn't mean I don't inquire /don't
               | question, but I think jumping from an unattributed off-
               | hand remark in a CBS article to "FAA is dumb and they'd
               | have let me die on the tarmac" deserves some skepticism
               | too.
               | 
               | I am genuinely curious about what exactly this policy is,
               | why it exists, and how they handle cases like yours. I
               | don't think "assume the people who investigate aviation
               | incidents aren't aware there might be medicine onboard"
               | is a good starting point for that type of inquiry.
        
               | spookthesunset wrote:
               | > I've found that people who create policies in a
               | specialized field of expertise tend to think through
               | those policies a whole lot more than internet
               | commentators like myself do.
               | 
               | I've found the opposite, actually. Specialized fields of
               | expertise are the less able to make policy because, in
               | general, they fail to consider the big picture. It's all
               | tradeoffs for everything and more than just one "expert"
               | should have a say at any policy.
               | 
               | It would be like letting somebody with a specialized
               | expertise like corporate law design a product. They are
               | an expert at not getting sued, so we should totally
               | listen to only them, right? Could you imagine such a
               | product? It would be nothing but legal disclaimers and
               | would be so watered down that it is completely useless.
        
               | getoj wrote:
               | It's worth remembering that there is often a conflict of
               | interest between the system and the individual.
               | 
               | An example where I'm from is train station escalators.
               | There is an unwritten social rule that you stand on the
               | left, and let anyone who is in a hurry walk down on the
               | right. This benefits the individuals because if you're in
               | a hurry you can get through faster, and if you're not you
               | don't care. But the rail company has constant
               | announcements telling people _not_ to do this, and to
               | stand on both sides of the escalator, because a full
               | escalator clears the platform much faster.
               | 
               | These announcements are largely ignored. No individual
               | cares about clearing the platform, even though it is the
               | best thing for the rail network as a whole (crowded
               | platforms cause delays). I would also argue that the
               | needs of the few people running to get to work are more
               | important than improving network efficiency. But the job
               | of the very intelligent, well informed boffins who make
               | the announcements is to make the trains run on time, so
               | the announcements continue.
               | 
               | In this case too, I think the FAA have a different set of
               | priorities to the passengers, and they really don't care
               | about your medicine. Probably if there is an emergency
               | they will send an employee back into the plane to grab
               | your bag, as a one-off exception. If they're too slow and
               | you die, too bad---should have had extra medicine in your
               | shoe.
               | 
               | Policy is created to achieve institutional goals;
               | individual needs are an afterthought at best.
        
             | xattt wrote:
             | The remedy would be to have a rapid replacement of all your
             | belongings.
        
         | graypegg wrote:
         | Why do you assume a low-margin high-risk industry implements
         | "stupid policies" just to bother you and steal your laptop?
         | 
         | The goal during an evacuation is to get every one off in
         | 90seconds or less, since it's possible there's a fire, which
         | has the potential to become extremely dangerous very quickly.
         | Consider how long it takes to board a plane with luggage.
         | 
         | We're all really quick to assume this is simply bureaucrats
         | inventing rules to annoy us.
        
       | ramesh31 wrote:
       | Those Delta 717s (which are actually just rebadged MD-95s) are
       | the oldest fleet of airframes in use today on US domestic routes,
       | having been acquired from the AirTran bankruptcy nearly 20 years
       | ago. I suspect this will be the beginning of the end for them, as
       | they are out of production for years now.
       | 
       | Edit: that is indeed the case https://simpleflying.com/delta-
       | retirements-aircraft/
        
       | Jeff_Brown wrote:
       | Did the passengers know about the problem?
        
         | jen729w wrote:
         | One of the linked videos above shows them landing in the brace
         | position so yes.
         | 
         | All very calm to everyone's credit.
        
       | voxadam wrote:
       | > NTSB investigating the runway landing of a Boeing 712 without
       | the nose gear extended at Charlotte/Douglas International airport
       | in Charlotte, North Carolina.
       | 
       | It's difficult to trust a news source that can't properly
       | identify an airframe model in an article about an airplane crash.
       | As far as I can as a tell, Boeing has never produced a model 712,
       | it appears what the plane in question is some variant of the
       | 717[1] but that's only a guess as I'm not an expert in the field.
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_717
        
         | aoetalks wrote:
         | 712 is another way to refer to a 717-200. Though it's a bit odd
         | they just didn't say "717-200" in the article to reduce
         | confusion.
         | 
         | https://flightaware.com/live/aircrafttype/B712
        
           | voxadam wrote:
           | Thank you for the clarification. I should have searched
           | around a bit more for an explanation before complaining about
           | it here.
           | 
           | As soon as I have a little free time I'll do my best to
           | update the relevant Wikipedia pages in hopes fewer people are
           | confused by the nomenclature in the future.
        
       | devoutsalsa wrote:
       | This isn't common, but it's pretty routine. Pilots are trained
       | for this, and the aircraft are designed to handle the stress.
        
         | interestica wrote:
         | If you have the Flightradar24 app, you can get an alert any
         | time an aircraft transponder squawks 7700 - Emergency. (While
         | writing, a cesna over Oklahoma City just did)
        
           | skykooler wrote:
           | @aircraft_alert@airwaves.social also posts on mastodon
           | whenever an aircraft squawks 7700.
        
         | InCityDreams wrote:
         | >the aircraft are designed to handle the stress.
         | 
         | I was somewhat thinking of the passengers.
        
           | Traubenfuchs wrote:
           | > I was somewhat thinking of the passengers.
           | 
           | Everything that happened was well within the stress tolerance
           | parameters of the majority of involved humans as well.
        
             | jwestbury wrote:
             | The prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder would
             | disagree.
        
               | tekla wrote:
               | People are free to not use airplanes if a designed for
               | maneuver gives them PTSD.
        
               | NoZebra120vClip wrote:
               | > People are free to not use airplanes if a designed for
               | maneuver gives them PTSD.
               | 
               | You know, that's insensitive in terms of minimizing the
               | suffering endured by people with _bona fide_ PTSD, as
               | well as dismissive. Because what do you suggest as an
               | alternative? Drive an automobile, with higher accident
               | rates than air travel? Walk across the street in traffic?
               | Life is dangerous, choose your poison.
               | 
               | I personally appreciate aviators and all air crews for
               | really going all-in to make flying safe and tolerable, if
               | not enjoyable. When I think of some of the crazy train or
               | bus rides I've had, air travel is pretty amazing in
               | comparison, especially at a bargain price.
               | 
               | And I do suffer from (complex) PTSD, but thankfully such
               | an incident as in TFA would not particularly trigger an
               | episode. Thanks for caring.
        
           | sam_lowry_ wrote:
           | Mechanical stress, they mean.
        
             | Kye wrote:
             | Planes have to be sturdy _and_ flexible to handle the
             | environment they spend most of their time cruising in. This
             | is probably nothing next to the turbulence planes are
             | expected to shrug off while maintaining a ground level
             | environment eight miles up for decades of service life.
        
               | madeofpalk wrote:
               | I was somewhat thinking of the mechanical stress of the
               | passengers.
        
               | Kye wrote:
               | Seems like not much:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gUyYxWFFTpI
               | 
               | I wonder if the passengers would even notice if they
               | weren't warned to expect it. From what I understand, they
               | don't let the front down until they're nearly stopped in
               | these situations. You can tell when the nose drops, and
               | it barely seems to register aside from the scraping noise
               | and a little shaking.
        
               | cto_of_antifa wrote:
               | [dead]
        
           | piva00 wrote:
           | Here you can see a YT Shorts that a passenger inside the
           | flight shot, it's actually much less stressful than I
           | imagined: https://www.youtube.com/shorts/W12w7NkqGCM
        
             | mindslight wrote:
             | What's the actual point of Youtube Sharts? It just seems
             | like encouragement for people to film vertically and not
             | frame the shot well.
             | 
             | And on the watching side you're pushed into a needlessly
             | unfriendly UI. Like I generally just use the YT web
             | interface and don't go out of my way to routinely yt-dlp or
             | Newpipe, but now I might have to change that.
        
               | devoutsalsa wrote:
               | YouTube Sharts is a subscription only niche fetish
               | service.
        
               | piva00 wrote:
               | I don't know, I hate them, it was just the only video I
               | actually found when searching for the flight name on
               | YouTube. Personally I actively avoid that feature,
               | closing the "Shorts" shelf on YouTube at any opportunity
               | I see.
               | 
               | I really, really dislike short looping videos, when it
               | starts looping I get irrationally angry and close the
               | window. Instagram Reels is another feature I fucking
               | detest.
               | 
               | I might be showing my age, I don't understand the appeal
               | of TikTok, it just makes me stressed, haha.
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | I wasn't directing that at you, content is content (and
               | FWIW that link works fine with yt-dlp). Rather I'm
               | blaming Google for foisting this terrible UI on the world
               | when they already had a decent one - from what I can tell
               | there is no seeking, and scrolling up/down with arrow
               | keys or mouse wheel _stops the video and moves to the
               | next one_. (oof)
               | 
               | I think the "appeal" is for people stuck in dopamine
               | loops on their phone, where the continual stimulation of
               | looping plus the quick-next functionality are "features".
               | Of course being older and more deliberate about
               | technology choices and use, these are actually grating
               | anti-features.
        
               | 4ggr0 wrote:
               | > What's the actual point of Youtube Shorts?
               | 
               | To be an alternative to TikTok, or Instagram Reels, or
               | other short-form video platforms.
        
               | mindslight wrote:
               | Sure, I meant for the people actually using it. Like if
               | you want TikTok just continuing using TikTok, which you
               | know is "mobile-first" and thus craptastic in a regular
               | browser but presumably you don't care. But Google seems
               | to have just blindly copied TikTok and enshittified their
               | existing product to push it, when they could have
               | integrated it into normal Youtube and made something
               | better than both.
        
               | 4ggr0 wrote:
               | Well I can talk about myself :)
               | 
               | I don't want TikTok. Mostly because I don't want to use
               | yet another app or account. Then there's the thing about
               | it being from China, but to be honest, as a European it
               | doesn't reeeally matter to me if an app is from the US or
               | China. I did actually try TikTok during the pandemic but
               | became too addicted due to constant WFH and boredom.
               | 
               | I have Instagram because I like to upload my favorite
               | pictures. Then they started with Reels, I checked it out,
               | liked it, so I now use it.
               | 
               | When I feel like Reels bore me, or that the algo seems to
               | currently push things I don't care about[0], I switch
               | over to YT Shorts.
               | 
               | There, the youtubers I'm already subscribed to upload
               | shorter videos and I generally see different kinds of
               | videos.
               | 
               | Instagram mostly shows me memes and cat videos. YT shorts
               | is more about stand-up comedy bits, science stuff etc.
               | 
               | So my usage of these apps depends on how I currently feel
               | like.
               | 
               | [0] Both Insta and YT sometimes start to flood me with
               | content about annoying Entrepreneur/Online Marketing bs,
               | Andrew Tate or far(ish)-right-wing trash or half-naked
               | women. No amount of "not interested" seems to help, so I
               | either switch app or do something else.
        
             | Firmwarrior wrote:
             | you can right click a shorts video, copy the URL, and paste
             | that to get the normal non-crippled YouTube player
             | 
             | https://youtu.be/W12w7NkqGCM
        
               | jen729w wrote:
               | And you can install Vinegar and it'll remove YouTube's
               | custom player, leaving you with the system's.
               | 
               | https://apps.apple.com/au/app/vinegar-tube-
               | cleaner/id1591303...
        
               | brobinson wrote:
               | You can also change /shorts/ to /v/ in the URL
        
           | colejohnson66 wrote:
           | Well, if the pilots are indeed trained on how to handle these
           | situations, the passengers will be fine. Maybe a bit shaken
           | up from having to evacuate on the tarmac (especially if they
           | have a fear of flying), but they'll be fine.
        
             | stef25 wrote:
             | Flying for me ain't fun but as soon the bird is on the
             | ground I'm all good!
        
               | throwway120385 wrote:
               | Any landing that you can walk away from is a good
               | landing.
        
               | slumberlust wrote:
               | Aye, but cross runway collisions are still a thing. I
               | rest at the gate :D
        
             | throwawaymobule wrote:
             | based on the photos, they did pop the slides on this
             | incident. but evacuations are often not called in these
             | situations if there isn't a fire or something.
             | 
             | there's a real risk of injury from evacuating, so it needs
             | consideration by the pilot.
        
         | pavel_lishin wrote:
         | > _the aircraft are designed to handle the stress._
         | 
         | I wonder how the runway fares after this.
        
           | sowbug wrote:
           | Not answering your question, but a bit of interesting trivia
           | for you. Large passenger airplanes routinely take off with
           | too much fuel to land safely. If one took off, circled the
           | airport once, and landed, then it might actually _break apart
           | on landing_ because of the mass of the fuel being sloshed
           | around as the airplane touches down. That 's why planes
           | preferably dump or burn off excess fuel before an unscheduled
           | early landing.
           | 
           | There are also rules about exactly where a plane can touch
           | down on the runway. Only some of a runway is engineered to be
           | strong enough to bear the weight of a massive plane dropping
           | onto the pavement. The rest is called a "displaced threshold"
           | and is OK for parking, taxiing, and taking off.
        
             | mulmen wrote:
             | I don't think the airplane is going to break up, just that
             | it would need inspection and perhaps repair if touching
             | down over weight.
             | 
             | Blancolirio covers this:
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4D2Kj0t4t9s
        
             | lambda wrote:
             | Generally, the displaced threshold is not because of the
             | load of touching down, but because of clearance of
             | obstacles. When landing, where you are aiming to land, and
             | a standard glideslope, puts you over obstacles at a certain
             | height. In some cases if you landed on the very end of he
             | the runway, that would cause you to collide with (or have
             | too low a margin of safety) over obstacles before the
             | runway. The displaced threshold moves the glideslope
             | further forward, allowing for better clearance over
             | obstacles.
             | 
             | Source: Advisory Circular 150/5300-13B Airport Design,
             | 3.5.3 (https://www.faa.gov/documentLibrary/media/Advisory_C
             | ircular/...)                 When it is impractical to
             | locate a threshold at the beginning of the runway, it may
             | be       necessary to apply a displaced threshold. A
             | displaced threshold reduces runway length       available
             | for landings in one direction. The portion of the runway
             | prior to the displaced       threshold typically remains
             | available for takeoffs. Depending on the circumstances
             | surrounding the displacement, operations from the opposite
             | runway end may or may not       be affected. Refer to
             | Appendix H for related information on declared distances.
             | Generally, a runway threshold displacement provides:
             | 1. A means for obtaining additional RSA prior to the
             | threshold.       2. A means for obtaining additional ROFA
             | prior to the threshold.       3. A means for locating the
             | RPZ to mitigate incompatible land uses.       4. A means
             | for obstacle clearance prior to the threshold.       5.
             | Increased arrival capacity with certain parallel runway
             | approach procedures. See       FAA Order 7110.308,
             | Simultaneous Dependent Approaches to Closely Spaced
             | Parallel Runways
             | 
             | Glossary:                 RSA: Runway Safety Area
             | ROFA: Runway Object Free Area       RPZ: Runway Protection
             | Zone
             | 
             | Note that all of the given reasons are for clearance of
             | obstacles or various other mandatory safety areas based on
             | clearance from taxiways or other runway traffic, not for
             | durability of the runway.
        
             | plegresl wrote:
             | Overweight landings are a thing and it's very, very rare
             | for the airplane to break apart or even be damaged when
             | performing them: https://www.boeing.com/commercial/aeromaga
             | zine/articles/qtr_...
        
             | danpalmer wrote:
             | Oooh, this is something I know a little about. At
             | university we were tasked with building software for
             | estimating the usable area of a runway given its
             | configuration and _obstacles_.
             | 
             | Runways have 3-4 different defined areas, each with
             | different properties and usable in different ways. For
             | example, the grass at the sides is important for safety,
             | must be cleared a certain distance back, must not rise
             | above a certain level above the tarmac, etc, and all those
             | rules are distinct from the rules that apply to the
             | concrete at the ends of the runway, distinct from the rules
             | regarding surrounding buildings and trees, and so on. The
             | area managed as a runway can extend kilometers out on every
             | side.
             | 
             | Now, if you have a plane break down at one end, or a
             | support vehicle crash on the grass or something, you don't
             | actually have to put the runway out of action, but you do
             | have to re-declare the usable distance, and that's based on
             | the location, size, and importantly _height_ of the
             | obstacle. You then need to plot the angle of landing
             | /takeoff based on that height, accounting for the segment
             | of the runway it's in, and the given runway's pre-approved
             | angle (varies by city/terrain).
             | 
             | It was a fascinating project and a good example of how
             | problems are often so much more complex and nuanced than
             | they initially appear.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | notatoad wrote:
           | From the timestamps on the tweets in the article, the
           | incident happened around 8am and the runway was put back into
           | service around 5pm after being inspected.
           | 
           | So at least in this case, it doesn't seem to have had a
           | serious impact on the runway
        
         | WJW wrote:
         | Interesting! Do you know if it can just survive it and then
         | needs to be scrapped or is it possible to replace the damaged
         | hull plate(s) and (after thorough inspection) put the plane
         | back into service?
        
           | rob74 wrote:
           | They certainly _can_ repair it, but in this case, given that
           | Delta is already in the process of retiring the Boeing 717
           | (and replacing it with Airbus 220), they might just decide
           | that it 's not economical to do it anymore...
        
             | Maxion wrote:
             | The specific plane (1), N955AT, is 22.6 years old. So not
             | young, but not completely geriatric either. Delta seems to
             | be the only major operator of the plane type, so don't
             | think there'd be too many buyers. Delta also seems to have
             | a fair few in storage(2) so a fair guess would be that
             | they'd scrap it but keep the parts that they could still
             | use on other planes as spares.
             | 
             | 1) https://www.airfleets.net/ficheapp/plane-b717-55017.htm
             | 2) https://www.airfleets.net/listing/b717-1-statdesc.htm
        
               | bbatsell wrote:
               | Delta and Hawaiian are the two US operators. Hawaiian
               | loves it, and is struggling to replace it. They use them
               | for island-hopping. Modern airliners don't do well in
               | this use case -- modern engines have been engineered to
               | tight tolerances to extract fuel economy, and their
               | thermal designs rely on the cold air at cruise altitude
               | to keep them healthy. Island hops are too short and too
               | low for that to hold. The engines on the 717 handle it
               | just fine, but anything else on the market will require
               | the planes to sit on the tarmac for a significant length
               | of time between landing and takeoff for them to cool
               | enough, and would destroy Hawaiian's current network
               | design, which has lots of quick flights and tight turns.
               | 
               | Delta announced retirement a long time ago, but has been
               | not-so-secretly buying up as many as they can get, mostly
               | as spares for parts to keep the fleet going because it's
               | so useful for them. Also, the A220, its replacement, has
               | a single engine, the Pratt & Whitney Geared Turbofan,
               | which has had an incredibly rough entry into service --
               | everyone was concerned that the gearbox would be an
               | issue, but it has been mostly rock-solid, and it's the
               | engine core that's had dozens of issues. An airline in
               | India has over half of its fleet grounded and filed for
               | bankruptcy last month because P&W can't repair their
               | engines.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | > The engines on the 717 handle it just fine, but
               | anything else on the market will require the planes to
               | sit on the tarmac for a significant length of time
               | between landing and takeoff for them to cool enough
               | 
               | Is it just a matter of the brakes and tires/wheels
               | needing to cool down or other parts need the cooldown
               | period as well?
        
               | bbatsell wrote:
               | No, it's entirely the engines -- there are a lot of
               | moving pieces of metal that have to safely expand and
               | contract in understood cycles. The brakes and wheels are
               | fine with tight turns (assuming you don't have to use max
               | braking). Southwest operates on a very similar timetable,
               | and in fact flies a few of the more-trafficked Hawaii
               | island hops. The difference is that Hawaiian's 717s
               | _only_ fly island hops all day, every day. Southwest
               | rotates its planes, so any given plane will do at max two
               | island hops before it flies the 6 hours back to mainland
               | and gets plenty of cooling time, e.g., LAX -> Honolulu ->
               | Hilo -> Honolulu -> LAX.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | The Hawaiian Islands are sort of an interesting case.
               | Island hopping is short for jets (and a lot of people
               | don't really like flying small props). But they're really
               | too far apart for a ferry service between the major
               | islands; it was tried at one point but went out of
               | business.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | The Hawaii Superferry went bankrupt mostly due to
               | political and environmental protests. Distance between
               | the main populated islands isn't very far.
        
               | tialaramex wrote:
               | I think the aversion to props is a North American thing
               | in particular. Which doesn't help Hawaiian but for
               | Europeans it's completely normal for small hops to be in
               | a mid-size turbo-prop (these are still jet engines,
               | they're just spinning a propeller instead of shoving hot
               | gas out of the back to go faster) aircraft. Sure, it's
               | not necessarily as comfortable as an A380, but you're not
               | stuck there for hours.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | >I think the aversion to props is a North American thing
               | in particular.
               | 
               | That may be. I actually flew a prop from Maui to Big
               | Island last time I was in Hawaii. But when I was growing
               | up they used to be super-common even on East Coast
               | "commuter" flights especially from smaller airports.
        
           | devoutsalsa wrote:
           | They can most certainly repair the plane. If you've never
           | heard of the "Gimli Glider", check this out...
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimli_Glider
        
             | glomgril wrote:
             | That's an insane story. As much as I hate flying, modern
             | aviation infrastructure is one of mankind's most impressive
             | feats.
        
           | chrisldgk wrote:
           | Airplanes rarely get scrapped for parts because of incidents
           | like this. They have pretty extensive maintenance and repair
           | checklists, but afaik the rate of making vessels like this
           | airworthy is pretty high.
        
             | jon-wood wrote:
             | It really is amazing how resilient planes are, I'm pretty
             | hooked on this YouTube series in which a guy gets given a
             | plane that's been sitting in the open for 15 years or so on
             | the condition he can make the thing run again. https://www.
             | youtube.com/playlist?list=PL5IMg7-HLL1Y4K06HdsDB...
        
             | lr1970 wrote:
             | > Airplanes rarely get scrapped for parts because of
             | incidents like this. They have pretty extensive maintenance
             | and repair checklists, ...
             | 
             | And yet these "extensive maintenance checklists" did not
             | prevent such a serious malfunction. They were lucky that
             | the weather was cooperating. In bad weather and strong
             | winds who knows what would have happened.
        
               | pc86 wrote:
               | Tell me you don't know what you're talking about without
               | telling me you don't know what you're talking about.
               | 
               | These are machines. Machines break, no matter what the
               | maintenance regime is. The number of cycles on these
               | planes is awe inspiring, and while there are always
               | squawks, the captain and FO always have the authority to
               | ground a plane for any maintenance items they don't like.
               | 
               | > _They were lucky that the weather was cooperating. In
               | bad weather and strong winds who knows what would have
               | happened._
               | 
               | Exactly the same thing would have happened. Maybe if it
               | was raining or very cold we wouldn't have quite as much
               | passenger cell phone footage from the runway. But weather
               | had nothing to do with this, _nice_ weather didn 't make
               | the landing any easier, and bad weather wouldn't have
               | made it any harder. Ridiculous.
        
               | snovv_crash wrote:
               | Weather had nothing to do with it. They had a warning
               | light come on during landing that the nose gear had a
               | safety issue, so they did another few passes, requested
               | emergency services available at touchdown, and then did
               | effectively a pretty normal landing (just holding the
               | nose up a little longer than normal).
        
               | mrmlz wrote:
               | Nobody is assuming "extensive maintenance checklists" are
               | _preventing_ serious malfunction. They do however reduce
               | the risk for such events to occur to an acceptable level.
               | 
               | The likelihood for a malfunction is never zero.
        
               | some_random wrote:
               | Wearing a seatbelt doesn't prevent you from dying in a
               | car accident, guess we might as well stop that too,
               | sounds useless to me.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | They can fix and fly this almost certainly.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | https://www.youtube.com/@REALATCchannel/videos made me realize
         | just how many incidents happen and are resolved without issue.
        
           | kube-system wrote:
           | Aviation is not safe because of luck or because aerospace
           | engineers build infallible machines. Aviation is safe because
           | of a culture of safety that puts the right procedures in
           | place to mitigate problems that will eventually happen.
        
             | tialaramex wrote:
             | And when you say "Aviation is safe" you mean specifically
             | Scheduled Aviation ie people buy tickets and go on a plane
             | with some guys they've never met flying it. Scheduled
             | Aviation is remarkably safe.
             | 
             | GA (General aviation, people who own a little plane and
             | maybe just fly it for fun, or it's a professional expense
             | for say a plastic surgeon and allows them to fly 300 miles
             | home on Thursday evening after working four days in the big
             | city) is not safe. A few hundred of these people die, not
             | just smash up their planes or get hurt, but die, sometimes
             | with family or friends aboard, every year. It might make
             | the local TV news, at most. Unless they were a celebrity it
             | won't make national news.
             | 
             | Commercial is more complicated because there are so many
             | possibilities. Cargo is pretty safe, if your job is to move
             | boxes of stuff from one big jet airport to another in a
             | civilized country you'll likely die in bed of old age. But
             | if you fly a police helicopter, or medevac, or you're a
             | crop duster, or you fly custom pick up jobs, when the
             | client wants and where they want - those jobs can go badly
             | wrong much too easily, without you really understanding
             | what you've got yourself into until it's too late. These
             | people are (or at least should be) better trained than in
             | GA, but they're also often flying more demanding missions.
             | You may operate out of somewhere with not-so-great
             | capabilities, on short notice, in poor weather and/or at
             | night, and you may be expected to go places that you
             | ordinarily wouldn't, close to buildings, close to other
             | aircraft, even close to the ground - all of which narrows
             | your options if things go wrong.
             | 
             | Military is also pretty bad as I understand it. It needn't
             | be, but there's some sense that the job is "supposed" to be
             | dangerous, which maybe makes sense for front line infantry,
             | but really not for the vast majority of military pilots -
             | way too many of them die far from any enemy, as a result of
             | somebody screwing up, just like in GA or commercial.
        
       | justinclift wrote:
       | What's with them putting "a hold" on all of the passengers
       | possessions?
       | 
       | Like, that's leaving people without their wallets (aka id, money)
       | and so on. Sounds like they may not get it back for an unknown
       | period of time (weeks, months?) either.
        
         | xwdv wrote:
         | You guys have wallets? Seems like the only possession you'd
         | really need to do anything useful is your phone.
        
           | alistairSH wrote:
           | You don't? Where do you keep your driver's license, credit
           | cards, etc? I don't have a full bifold/trifold, but do have a
           | small card holder for IDs and CCs.
           | 
           | And then there's the passport and any other important
           | documentation. That stuff is pretty much always in either my
           | carry-on or a jacket pocket (which is usually also in the
           | overhead).
           | 
           | Yeah, keeping my cell on my person probably avoids 80%-90% of
           | the annoyance, but you aren't getting through customs or
           | security without a physical ID in most places.
        
           | ClassyJacket wrote:
           | Yes, I have a driver's license and bank card. Do you not have
           | ANY form of identification? How do you do things that require
           | it?
        
           | telotortium wrote:
           | > You guys have wallets? Seems like the only possession you'd
           | really need to do anything useful is your phone.
           | 
           | I wouldn't want to be stuck away from home on a flight
           | without some physical ID. Also don't want to completely rely
           | on Apple Pay to buy anything (not to mention that some stores
           | still don't take Apple Pay).
        
             | xwdv wrote:
             | First of all, contrary to popular belief you don't need
             | physical ID at airports, you can go through another process
             | to have your identity verified, it takes longer but it's
             | trivial.
             | 
             | Second, any place that doesnt take Apple Pay is not a place
             | you should do business at. Even lowly kiosks and vending
             | machines accept Apple Pay now. The places that are NOT
             | accepting Apple Pay are a red flag, they are doing
             | something nefarious by holding onto the old system of
             | credit card processing (there are benefits and incentives
             | to use contact less payments and places that refuse are
             | actively missing out for a reason, there is literally no
             | good reason to not take Apple Pay).
        
               | inemesitaffia wrote:
               | The world is a big place.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | You know Home Depot doesn't take Apple Pay?
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | I don't need physical ID to get into the UK or EU? That's
               | news to me.
               | 
               | And expecting ApplePay to be available everywhere? That's
               | such a laughably US-centric (or maybe EU-centric)
               | worldview.
        
               | ClassyJacket wrote:
               | And how do i use Apple Pay when my phone is flat?
        
               | justinclift wrote:
               | > contrary to popular belief you don't need physical ID
               | at airports
               | 
               | Guessing that's a US specific thing?
               | 
               | Unsure if that'd work for an Australian travelling around
               | though, and I'd personally _really_ rather not risk it
               | going wrong. :)
        
               | jen729w wrote:
               | You don't need ID to travel domestically in Australia.
               | 
               | Or do you mean 'an Australian travelling around [in the
               | USA]'?
        
           | justinclift wrote:
           | Meh, I barely use my phone. It's mainly used as a 2FA, and
           | (rarely) for communication.
        
         | MSFT_Edging wrote:
         | I understand "don't take any bags as we deplane down the
         | emergency slide", but the hold is weird. I'd probably get
         | arrested in the process of being like "No the bag with my
         | important possessions I keep next to me on purpose is coming
         | with me"
         | 
         | They were probably rushed off due to being unsure about fire
         | hazards, and people digging through carryons for wallets and
         | stuff would probably slow that down a lot, considering how long
         | a normal deplaning takes.
        
           | kylehotchkiss wrote:
           | The right time to grab wallet was after the pilot explained
           | the issue and next steps.
        
             | MSFT_Edging wrote:
             | Probably didn't want everyone standing up in the aisle
             | messing with the overheads all at once.
        
         | fredoralive wrote:
         | They probably want to make sure the plane is undisturbed before
         | it can be examined by crash investigators and so on?
         | 
         | There's probably a bit of a safety and practicality aspect of
         | accessing a plane with a collapsed gear.
        
           | justinclift wrote:
           | Sure, they can "want" whatever they err... want.
           | 
           | Doesn't seem like they should get their way when it comes to
           | people's id and other personal docs, _if_ that 's what's
           | really going on.
           | 
           | Potentially stranding international passengers without their
           | passport (etc) is really not on.
        
         | kylehotchkiss wrote:
         | Untold best practice: Keep your phone, passport, wallet etc on
         | your body always while on a flight. Imagine being stuck in this
         | situation in a foreign country where they'll keep you at the
         | airport for days waiting to figure out how to get you back home
         | without a passport. Your renters/homeowners insurance may cover
         | anything left on the plane that is lost and not covered by the
         | airline.
        
           | ryanwaggoner wrote:
           | Eh, the chances of ever having this impact you are incredibly
           | remote. And yes, the "cost" of following this guideline is
           | low, until you consider that you could have similar rules for
           | hundreds of other incredibly rare situations, none of which
           | will ever happen to you. Seems exhausting for no benefit.
           | I'll just continue to keep my stuff in my backpack under the
           | seat, and I can grab it if needed. Or not, and I'm sure
           | that'll be fine too.
           | 
           | Also, there's no indication that anyone who left the plane
           | without their ID or passport is just being left in the
           | terminal for days, making this guideline even less valuable.
        
             | justinclift wrote:
             | > there's no indication that anyone who left the plane
             | without their ID or passport is just being left in the
             | terminal for days
             | 
             | Because US Airlines have such a good reputation for taking
             | care of their stranded passengers? /s
        
       | walski wrote:
       | Aviation Herald always has great coverage on incidents like these
       | https://avherald.com/h?article=50b0742c&opt=0 . Glad nobody got
       | hurt!
        
       | Reason077 wrote:
       | That landing was so smooth it makes you wonder if front landing
       | gear is even necessary at all!
        
         | paulcole wrote:
         | There was a startup a few years back in an HN batch that tried
         | to disrupt aviation by saving money through avoiding non-
         | essentials like landing gear. The landings, as you said, were
         | surprisingly smooth. But the takeoffs were much more difficult.
         | 
         | The startup ended up pivoting and used the sound their planes
         | made sliding across the tarmac as inspiration for their new
         | name. That's how Grindr was born!
        
           | slumberlust wrote:
           | Daaaaadddd
        
         | db48x wrote:
         | Repainting them between flights is a real pain.
        
           | kylehotchkiss wrote:
           | This wouldn't be a hull-loss or a major rebuild? I'd think
           | the runway is keeping some of the aluminum from the nose for
           | itself. Plus that's a lot of vibration near sensitive radome.
        
             | jaywalk wrote:
             | Not even close to a hull loss. Delta's Tech Ops will have
             | this plane back in service very quickly.
        
         | neolefty wrote:
         | So is this plane totalled? Or can it be repaired and returned
         | to service?
        
       | simple10 wrote:
       | Wow! Phenomenal piloting skills. In the 2nd video on the page
       | taken by a passenger during landing, you can hear the plane
       | balanced on the rear wheels for 12 seconds before touching down
       | the nose. Impressive!
        
         | nilsbunger wrote:
         | This is a pretty standard maneuver - it's similar to a "soft
         | field landing" (eg grass runway). Assuming you have a long
         | runway, you avoid braking since that would slam the nose down,
         | and use more and more elevator to keep the nose up to as slow a
         | speed as possible.
        
         | zh3 wrote:
         | Here's a Vulcan landing with unsafe nose gear; hold back on the
         | stick to keep the nose up (but not so long it comes down with a
         | bump).
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zxshOMFTZdM
        
       | poorman wrote:
       | Can you imagine how much better these videos would have looked on
       | TV if all these people took recordings in portrait mode on their
       | phones?
        
         | kwhitefoot wrote:
         | Don't you mean landscape?
        
       | Tepix wrote:
       | Did they know in advance that they were having problems?
       | 
       | Edit:
       | 
       | Answer: Yes
       | 
       |  _... the crew initiated a go around due to a unsafe nose gear
       | indication, climbed to 4000 feet and entered a hold to work the
       | checklists. After working the checklists the crew declared
       | emergency and requested emergency services on stand by. The
       | aircraft performed a low approach to runway 36L, positioned for
       | another approach to runway 36L and landed without nose gear
       | extended at 08:54L (12:54Z) about 12 minutes after the second go
       | around and about 30 minutes after the first go around._
        
         | ipnon wrote:
         | There is an algorithm for everything in aviation. If you
         | suspect your landing gear is not functional, you typically fly
         | by a tower and have them make visual confirmation. Then you
         | have another algorithm (they call them procedures) for how to
         | land without gear. The airport likewise has a checklist of
         | everything to do in this case. All of these procedures are hard
         | won, the NTSB uses every hull failure and fatal accident to
         | analyze what went wrong and how to create a better procedure.
        
           | ryandrake wrote:
           | And when there is not a tower nearby, you, uhh... find a way.
           | My buddy was flying into one of the many uncontrolled
           | airports in NorCal, and there was a guy in a single-engine
           | retractable gear circling the airport. When Buddy made his
           | downwind call, the Guy radioed "Hey I'm not getting any
           | indication whether my gear is down or not, can you fly by me
           | and tell me if it's down?" It was down, so Guy ended up
           | attempting the landing with a bit more confidence than he
           | started out with.
        
             | duxup wrote:
             | I recall a mid air collision that occurred that way once. I
             | forget the exact crash name, but IIRC a civilian aircraft
             | was trying to spot for damage on another aircraft and they
             | got too close.
             | 
             | Not that people shouldn't help but you gotta be careful
             | with maneuvers you don't typically make, even if trying to
             | be helpful / are a pilot.
        
             | coldcode wrote:
             | I was on a commercial plane where the pilots could not tell
             | if the gear was completely down and locked and got someone
             | on the ground to look as we flew by slowly at low altitude.
             | It appeared to be down, but they still landed very
             | gingerly. Thankfully it was fine.
        
           | nkozyra wrote:
           | Not saying this should be an _alternative_ , but having read
           | a lot of transcripts and video of things like this, I wonder
           | why there aren't outside cameras that would potentially give
           | pilots a visual indication of plane conditions outside? Is it
           | just the cost of supporting resilient cameras?
           | 
           | A lot of incident reports have flight attendants or copilots
           | leaving to try to make visual confirmation of things that it
           | seems would be better suited if there were some actual visual
           | feedback.
        
             | nunuvit wrote:
             | You'd gain nothing, they can already see it with their
             | eyeballs, and they don't require anything else like faster
             | response or a different viewpoint. You'd lose in terms of
             | putting another hole in the aircraft and maintaining
             | another system, and you'd still need the manual procedure
             | in case the camera didn't work.
        
               | nkozyra wrote:
               | > You'd gain nothing, they can already see it with their
               | eyeballs
               | 
               | I'm talking about things they can't see, which I've heard
               | in recordings as well.
               | 
               | For something like this they'd gain something for sure -
               | time and redundancy
        
               | nunuvit wrote:
               | Why is the current time and redundancy requirement
               | insufficient? They had plenty of time and opportunities
               | to look at it, and they succeeded with time to spare.
               | What is the scenario where they would run out of time,
               | and why couldn't they land assuming that the landing gear
               | wasn't deployed?
               | 
               | You'd need potentially an unrealistic number of cameras.
               | Even if you decide on a case by case basis, you still
               | have to weigh the risk that every component adds, and
               | with a finite amount of money to spend on risk reduction
               | you want to get the most bang for your buck.
        
               | nkozyra wrote:
               | > Why is the current time and redundancy requirement
               | insufficient?
               | 
               | I'm operating under the belief that more time to respond
               | to issues is always a plus. Do you disagree?
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | >and you'd still need the manual procedure in case the
               | camera didn't work.
               | 
               | And presumably if the camera doesn't work as part of the
               | pre-flight checklist for whatever reason, you're not
               | going anywhere until it's fixed/replaced.
        
               | throwawaymobule wrote:
               | camera would probably just get an INOP sticker put
               | somewhere, a surprising number of things can be
               | nonfunctional on an airplane before it's grounded.
               | 
               | part of it is that there's a backup for most everything
               | required.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | ....how can they see the area where the front gear is
               | from within the plane?
        
               | nunuvit wrote:
               | The people in the airplane ask the people on the ground
               | to look at it for them. "They" refers collectively to
               | pilots, flight attendants, and air traffic controllers.
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | The pilots "see" it with sensors.
               | 
               | The tower sees it with a set of binoculars. Hopefully.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | kayfox wrote:
             | Newer aircraft have external cameras that can be pulled up
             | on screens in the cockpit.
        
             | wil421 wrote:
             | A lot of aircraft could do this but the rules are most
             | likely the same for the majority of air planes large and
             | small.
        
           | EMM_386 wrote:
           | > There is an algorithm for everything in aviation
           | 
           | This is how I got my commercial pilot's license, and I'm a
           | senior software engineer.
           | 
           | It just "clicked" with my brain to follow specific procedures
           | ("algorithms") for absolutely everything. Checklists, strict
           | rules, "flows", handling emergencies. It all felt natural to
           | me.
           | 
           | They will throw random stuff at you during checkrides. Pull
           | the power back on one of the engines right after takeoff
           | saying it failed, fail instruments that you were using to
           | navigate, blindfold you ("foggles") and put you almost upside
           | down and then say "recover!".
           | 
           | But you have everything so ingrained in your mind by that
           | point that it's almost robotic. You just look at the inputs
           | (almost upside down, engine #2 is gone, no attitude
           | indicator, whatever it is) and know what the output is
           | supposed to be (roll to unload Gs, lower the nose, full
           | power, check the standby AI, etc).
           | 
           | I happen to work well when there are strict rules and
           | procedures. If this, then that.
        
             | vwcx wrote:
             | I got my CPL the same year my first kid was born. The
             | procedure/checklist culture transferred really well between
             | baby tasking and training.
        
             | peteradio wrote:
             | When you are robotically rolling to unload Gs does it still
             | make your heart go boom!?? I love the idea of flying. I see
             | crop dusters and private planes flying in all the time and
             | it makes me wonder if I ought to try it out.
        
               | tverbeure wrote:
               | I once loved the idea of flying as well, and I have a
               | miserly 18 flight hours on my record, accumulated 23
               | years ago.
               | 
               | The immediate reason to stop was the fact that the more I
               | did it, the more nauseous I got, but by then I had
               | already decided that flying was not nearly as exciting as
               | I expected it to be. Stopping was an easy decision to
               | make.
               | 
               | That said, I also have friends who still totally love it.
        
               | HeyLaughingBoy wrote:
               | My Private Pilot training was almost 30 years ago, but
               | after a while it stops being exciting. And that was a big
               | part of why I dropped out: it had become about as
               | interesting as driving in rush hour traffic.
               | 
               | Like the situation OP says: you scan instruments to
               | analyze the situation, determine what to do to recover
               | and apply that procedure. If it doesn't work, or
               | something else goes wrong during that procedure, you
               | adapt to another procedure. Remember, that during every
               | flight with an instructor, you're being trained on one
               | thing or another, so after a while all the "emergencies"
               | seem routine. You'll be turning onto Final to land and
               | suddenly your instructor will decide that your flaps
               | failed so you have to land without them, or just as
               | you're flaring for a landing he'll tell you to go around,
               | etc.
               | 
               | It certainly results in well-trained pilots, but it also
               | gets very boring.
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | That's why I like gliding more. It's really all seat of
               | the pants. Not dominated by procedures and endless
               | circuit practice.
        
         | kube-system wrote:
         | For context: passenger jets have a positive feedback system
         | that indicates to the pilots whether or not the gear is in the
         | correct position. When they operate the control to raise or
         | lower the gear, there are corresponding indicator lights that
         | confirm whether or not the gear has successfully moved to the
         | commanded position. Part of standard procedure is to lower the
         | gear, and then verify that all of the indicator lights confirm
         | that the gear has successfully moved into the correct position.
         | If they are not working properly, it is apparent from the
         | indicator lights. They will then know that they will have to
         | abort the approach and run troubleshooting checklists for that
         | particular issue.
        
         | zh3 wrote:
         | On of the more evocative things (esp. for those in the UK) was
         | a Spitfire helping out a Vulcan (XH558 no less) with nosegear
         | issues in 2015.
         | 
         | https://theaviationgeekclub.com/that-time-a-wwii-spitfire-he...
        
         | jerlam wrote:
         | If you want to hear the conversion between the pilots and ATC
         | during this time, the VASAviation channel has you covered:
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y7bWWVj91YA
        
           | spookthesunset wrote:
           | I find the YouTube ecosystem amazing. If there is a popular
           | niche topic that has at least some amount of following,
           | you'll find several "competitor" channels.
           | 
           | VASAviation is one of the "air traffic control recording"
           | YouTube channels but there are a few others that are equally
           | as good.
           | 
           | There are at least two YouTube channels[2] dedicated to
           | recording the crazy boat ramps around Miami. Nothing is more
           | entertaining than watching all the chaos around a boat ramp.
           | Especially ones are busy as those around Miami.
           | 
           | There are dozens of channels publishing multi-hour first
           | person view trips from rail conductors traveling through
           | various scenic rail lines[3]. Some get 100's of thousands of
           | views per video! I wonder what fraction of that traffic
           | watches the entire trip!
           | 
           | Let's not forget Australian jetters [1]! You too can watch at
           | least two channels worth of drain cleaning videos complete
           | with all manner of foul disgusting water bubbling up out of
           | random bits of pipe. Kids love this stuff!
           | 
           | These channels publish frequently and get a reasonable amount
           | of watches. It's nuts how a platform like YouTube can grow
           | such strangely niche channels.
           | 
           | 1: https://youtube.com/@DrainAddict
           | 
           | 2: https://youtube.com/@MiamiBoatRamps
           | 
           | 3: https://youtube.com/@RailCowGirl
        
           | elygre wrote:
           | For those interested: the video lacks a lot of audio, since
           | not all frequencies are/were recorded. I think the most
           | interesting stuff is missing.
        
       | contrarian1234 wrote:
       | why don't they land on the tail instead of the nose?
       | 
       | Seems a lot less risky to drag the back than scrape the front -
       | which can flip the plane
       | 
       | Is it simply the center of gravity? (engines look like they're
       | behind)
        
         | FeepingCreature wrote:
         | Speculating: the nose is gonna come down anyway (as sokoloff
         | said, CoG is ahead of the main landing gear), so it's safer for
         | the front to impact from as little height as possible. If you
         | hit tail-first and keep the nose up you're setting yourself up
         | for a hefty impact when the front crashes down. Better to
         | scrape from the start.
        
           | pc86 wrote:
           | Once the mains touch down you keep the nose off as long as
           | possible for minimal energy at impact. It will float down
           | naturally and you don't really have any control over the
           | manner in which it makes contact as long as you have full
           | back pressure on the yoke. There's not really any way to
           | affecting the height at which it starts coming down.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | Imagine how tipped the plane would be to land on the tail.
         | 
         | They do align the plane as much as they can to keep the nose
         | off the ground for as long as they can.
         | 
         | But yes, it's the total center of gravity, it can't land on the
         | tail.
         | 
         | You could bring up ALL the gear but then you have no control
         | and it will almost certainly veer off the runway and then it
         | may break apart.
        
         | sokoloff wrote:
         | If the center of gravity wasn't between the front and rear
         | gear, the planes would tip on the ground normally.
         | 
         | In a gear abnormal, land on what you have and the outcome is
         | almost always great for the occupants.
         | 
         | Any injuries are likely to be from the evacuation after
         | everything is stopped.
        
         | californical wrote:
         | I would guess you can't land well with the wings pointed in the
         | "going up" direction
        
           | DonHopkins wrote:
           | It would be less likely than throwing a Leaning Jowler in Pig
           | Mania!
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pig_Mania#Relative_frequencies
        
           | AnimalMuppet wrote:
           | You'd be in a deep stall, which, as I understand it, is very
           | much _not_ how you want to land.
        
         | vulcan01 wrote:
         | I don't know what model of plane this is, but I was watching a
         | Real Engineering video on the Boeing 787. He said that some
         | planes have a third engine for generating electricity (the APU)
         | and the exhaust for that is at the tip of the tail.
         | 
         | Maybe there are concerns about potentially damaging the APU?
        
           | kylehotchkiss wrote:
           | Most commercial planes have APUs (That's the loud sound you
           | hear/exhaust you smell from the jet bridge) but a tail strike
           | would hit closer to underneath the back seats of the plane
           | than the middle of the tail like that. The only concern in
           | emergency situations like this is getting every passenger
           | safely on land. Not their bags, not every component of the
           | airplane. Both of those are more easily resolvable via
           | insurance than lost passenger lives.
        
         | pbhjpbhj wrote:
         | What makes you say they didn't land on the rear landing gear
         | first? Part of the normal landing is -- AIUI, IANAPilot -- to
         | flare, that is to increase the angle of attack of the aircraft
         | (pull up the nose, increase drag) in order to reduce forward
         | speed; this also puts the rear gear closest to the runway, the
         | rear gear being bilateral means this spreads the load.
         | 
         | In fact, I've just looked at a video on YouTube "AIRLIVE" [0]
         | and you can see the shadow of the nose off the ground when the
         | plane shakes (at 0:07s) indicating the rear gear has made
         | contact. I think the nose contacts at 0:13, so gently it's
         | amazing.
         | 
         | [0] https://youtube.com/watch/I1dthJSuZLk
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | > I think the nose contacts at 0:13, so gently it's amazing.
           | 
           | If you like that, check out JetBlue 292; landing's about half
           | way through the video.
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=epKrA8KjYvg
        
       | gmtplus8 wrote:
       | Non-USA resident here. Can someone explain all the four-letter
       | news station names to me? Why not brand them with something more
       | memorable / locally nuanced?
        
         | airza wrote:
         | they are using their radio call sign
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Call_signs_in_the_United_State...
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | They are from the radio call signs - K or W is the first for
         | almost all of them.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broadcast_call_signs
        
           | DonHopkins wrote:
           | The other thing that might not be obvious to non-residents is
           | that K is for West of the Mississippi, and W is for East.
           | 
           | It must be weird to live near the Mississippi and get a mix
           | of K and W station call signs!
        
             | polpo wrote:
             | In St. Louis most stations are K but there are a few Ws.
        
             | selimthegrim wrote:
             | Can confirm in New Orleans WYLD has their transmitter in
             | Algiers on the west side of the river and I'm sure that
             | situation applies to other stations can't recall any Ks
             | around here
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | W is for East. What a country!
        
               | irrational wrote:
               | Originally W was supposed to be for the West side, but
               | there was a bureaucratic screw up and they were switched.
               | 
               | As for why K and W, nobody is sure why those two letters,
               | but it might be related to Morse code.
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | I knew this was the general rule, but also knew about KDKA-
             | Pittsburgh (a very old station, east of the Mississippi).
             | In looking into why that one got a K, I found this that
             | might be interesting to people reading this far down this
             | subthread: https://archive.is/HpUc3
        
         | sokoloff wrote:
         | The FCC licenses are given with those station identifying
         | letters and there's a requirement to broadcast the station ID
         | periodically. Many stations have an additional brand (often
         | <affiliate city> "Fox Boston"), but they still have to use the
         | FCC ID as well.
         | 
         | One of my favorite station IDs was an independent local analog
         | UHF channel 56 with call letters WLVI. I heard those letters
         | for years before I realized it was 56 in Roman numerals.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | This is why it became common; the FCC requires you say the
           | station ID once every period of time (10? 30?) so people
           | became very used to hearing it.
           | 
           | You can think of it as the "smash like and subscribe" of the
           | radio days!
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | Fun fact. My college radio station had the station ID WTBS
             | (technology broadcasting system or something like that).
             | When Ted Turner was spearheading one of the fairly early
             | major cable TV stations, he bought the ID for what I
             | imagine was a lot of money for a college radio station for
             | the Turner Broadcasting System or something similar.
        
             | acheron wrote:
             | Station ID is every hour. Also you have to say it in a very
             | specific format: Call letters, city; or call letters,
             | frequency, city. No additional words in between: "WKRP in
             | Cincinnati" would be invalid.
             | 
             | TV stations are allowed to do it visually. When I was young
             | it was common to see it as a full screen ID in between
             | shows (often with a quick weather report, "time and
             | temperature"). Later most stations I saw quit that and just
             | put it as a bug at the bottom of the screen over top of the
             | show.
        
               | NoZebra120vClip wrote:
               | I always wondered why they chose "WKRP" and whether it
               | had to do with spelling "crap" in a censor-evading
               | manner.
        
               | rob74 wrote:
               | Including your frequency is especially effective for
               | customer retention - I still remember the MW frequency of
               | one of my favorite radio stations from my youth because
               | it was included in the name, even though I listened to it
               | via satellite ("Virgin 1215" - apparently it's called
               | Absolute Radio now, and medium wave transmissions were
               | discontinued on 20 January 2023:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_Radio).
        
           | krger wrote:
           | >One of my favorite station IDs was an independent local
           | analog UHF channel 56 with call letters WLVI.
           | 
           | Bangor, ME has an ABC affiliate WVII broadcasting on VHF
           | channel 7.
        
             | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
             | Rochester NY has WXXI for a PBS station on channel 21. It
             | is also curiously reused as the call sign on local AM and
             | FM NPR radio stations. For whatever reason that is allowed.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | The FCC generally allows stations that share ownership to
               | use the same callsign for TV, FM, and AM. Not always in
               | the same area either; KCBS-AM is in San Francisco, while
               | KCBS-FM and KCBS-TV are in Los Angeles. Additionally,
               | stations are allowed to keep their call sign when
               | ownership changes, so even though KCBS-FM and AM are no
               | longer owned by the owners of KCBS-FM, they have chosen
               | to keep the same call signs.
        
           | keehun wrote:
           | My absolute favorite is KNOW -- the news channel of the
           | Minnesota Public Radio network. I think it's just about as
           | perfect as you can get for a news channel.
        
             | myself248 wrote:
             | My favorite is WACO (Texas), the only radio station whose
             | call letters are also its location.
        
               | rsync wrote:
               | Incorrect - there is also KCMO:
               | 
               | "KCMO (710 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station licensed
               | to Kansas City, Missouri ..."
        
         | bin_bash wrote:
         | Well they are memorable for the people that live in the area--
         | at least that was the case when broadcast TV/radio was
         | important. There really wasn't a need for them to be
         | decipherable to outsiders since historically they would be
         | outside of the broadcast range.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | DonHopkins wrote:
           | They all come with cute little jingles of people singing the
           | letters!
           | 
           | KOME:
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/shorts/rMhtoniG82o
           | 
           | (I wish I could find a recording of the one that went;:
           | "Don't touch that dial!!! You've got KOME on your radio." or
           | "The KOME spot on your FM dial.")
           | 
           | Vintage WWDC:
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iPybevwjinM
        
             | wiredfool wrote:
             | I still know wwdc is dc101. Impressionable youth and all
             | that.
        
         | bmitc wrote:
         | The history of these channels is old, dating back to radio
         | times before TV.
        
         | alistairSH wrote:
         | Other posts covered the details. Similar to the airport codes,
         | just national instead of international...
         | 
         | WRC-TV - NBC Washington
         | 
         | similar to...
         | 
         | KIAD - Dulles International
        
         | cbhl wrote:
         | This Wikipedia article provides a good overview:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Call_signs_in_the_United_State...
        
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