[HN Gopher] I'm Done with Red Hat (Enterprise Linux)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       I'm Done with Red Hat (Enterprise Linux)
        
       Author : stargrave
       Score  : 427 points
       Date   : 2023-06-26 14:12 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.jeffgeerling.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.jeffgeerling.com)
        
       | numbsafari wrote:
       | People talk about how pre-IBM RedHat was somehow a good player.
       | Perhaps that is true on the Linux side, where there were more
       | eyes. Outside of Linux, I can say they were definitely toxic
       | after acquiring JBoss, locking down previously open-sourced
       | features, shipping bugs that could only be fixed if you had
       | access to the enterprise contract, deleting content from the Wiki
       | that they wanted behind the paywall of the enterprise contract.
       | Even if some of that started pre-acquisition, it certainly
       | accelerated post.
       | 
       | It's amazing to me that anyone upstream would lift a finger for
       | RedHat at this point.
        
       | parasense wrote:
       | To quote Jeff:
       | 
       | > Here's how it used to work:
       | 
       | > Red Hat would grab a copy of Linux They would add magic sauce
       | that makes it Red Hat Enterprise Linux
       | 
       | > They would release a new version.
       | 
       | > They would update a source code repository with all the data
       | required to build it from scratch
       | 
       | A few remarks. The "add magic sauce" part is gone, all the secret
       | sauce, or black box machinery is out in the open in CentOS
       | stream. Red Hat no longer does any RHEL development behind the
       | corporate firewall, and does everything out in the open in CentOS
       | Stream. There is one caveat for security CVEs, but effectively
       | those go into CentOS Stream and RHEL at the same time when the
       | CVE embargo expires.
       | 
       | What this comes down to is wilfully ignoring CentOS stream. All
       | the clones of RHEL can simply track CentOS stream, and even
       | replicate all the "Secret Sauce" that is the CentOS Stream CI/CD
       | workflow. The process of replicating RHEL is so much easier today
       | than ever before.
        
         | geerlingguy wrote:
         | Two thoughts:
         | 
         | > The process of replicating RHEL is so much easier today than
         | ever before.
         | 
         | Doing so bug-for-bug requires more effort than it did a few
         | weeks ago. And they're basically doing that work in parallel
         | with Red Hat itself (duplication of effort).
         | 
         | Also, making a change like this (forcing Rocky and AlmaLinux to
         | change in the middle of the 9.x release cycle), when the
         | previous change (killing CentOS) was _also_ in the middle of
         | the 8.x release cycle, with not even 24 hours warning... makes
         | me feel this change was not _only_ made "to make CentOS and
         | RHEL development better."
         | 
         | If that were the case, the changes would be announced with at
         | _least_ weeks (if not months) of warning, so the community
         | could plan for it instead of getting blind-sided... now twice
         | in a row.
        
           | CrLf wrote:
           | Why do bug-for-bug with RHEL at all? Why not turn Alma and
           | Rocky into stable distributions in their own right?
           | 
           | If this pushes RHEL into oblivion, why should anyone care?
           | 
           | The Debian ecosystem isn't centered on Ubuntu, it's centered
           | on Debian. Comparisons between the two ecosystems are invalid
           | because of this simple fact.
           | 
           | It would be nice to see the "Red Hat" ecosystem recenter
           | around something which isn't a direct source release of a
           | commercial product. Alma and Rocky should rebase on CentOS
           | Stream for starters, and then try to get closer to Fedora as
           | an upstream.
           | 
           | (BTW, I speak as someone who did corporate systems
           | administration for years and understands the use case of
           | replacing RHEL licenses with free CentOS installs perfectly.)
        
             | bluedino wrote:
             | > Why do bug-for-bug with RHEL at all? Why not turn Alma
             | and Rocky into stable distributions in their own right?
             | 
             | Because the whole point is for them to be 'compatible'.
             | 
             | Many of the users are running software that needs to be on
             | RHEL/CentOS/Rocky/etc or it won't be supported.
             | 
             | Sure, there are users who just want a stable OS, but the
             | real point of Rocky/Alma is to have a 100% RHEL-compatible,
             | but free distro.
        
           | chasil wrote:
           | I'm not certain that much more effort is required.
           | 
           | Untraceable uploads with Onionshare over a Tor browser would
           | conceal the origin of source RPMs that did not bear
           | fingerprints.
           | 
           | Once captured, all that is really required is the updated
           | SPEC file, and any modified sources or patches (if I remember
           | my RPM internals correctly).
           | 
           | Alma could maintain such an Onionshare instance. If the SPEC
           | and patch files are specifically GPL, I'm not sure that Alma
           | could be compelled to forego them.
        
         | jzb wrote:
         | Let me preface this by saying, Jeff owes Red Hat nothing and
         | he's free to stop "supporting" RHEL for any or no reason at
         | all.
         | 
         | That said, "grab a copy of Linux" seriously, gloriously,
         | hilariously handwaves away so many things that Red Hat does to
         | create a RHEL release.
         | 
         | Red Hat pulls together hundreds or thousands of upstreams to
         | create RHEL, participates in many of them, tests all that
         | _together_ , helps partners certify software against it, etc.
         | etc. etc.
         | 
         | It's true, Red Hat doesn't "own" the Linux kernel, but it's
         | done a ton to help develop it over the years. But RHEL is not
         | merely the kernel nor any single upstream. RHEL is _a product_
         | that comprises thousands of packages _all tested together_ and
         | then released as a supported _product_.
         | 
         | What Red Hat is trying to guard is not the source code to any
         | single or even groups of projects. It's trying to preserve and
         | capture the value _it created_ from all those parts.
         | Coincidentally, that value is what businesses, competitors, and
         | the community are clamoring for and _not_ the source code
         | alone.
         | 
         | They want that single point-in-time snapshot that everybody
         | agrees on as a _de facto_ standard because the overall
         | community has never been able to agree on another workable
         | standard that would allow targeting applications across the
         | board. And that standard has a name, and it 's RHEL. And it
         | belongs to Red Hat.
         | 
         | You can have all the pieces and assemble them yourselves if you
         | like. But nobody is entitled to certify it as (officially or
         | unofficially) RHEL except Red Hat.
         | 
         | If that angers you, I heartily encourage folks to build Debian
         | up as the standard we all certify against. Or start your own
         | business that overtakes Red Hat and earns the place RHEL has
         | today.
         | 
         | Mark Shuttleworth took potshots at Red Hat's business model
         | with RHEL for years, and it seems to me that they're doing a
         | very similar thing now with Ubuntu Pro by holding back updates
         | to packages after 5 years and charging for updates to the
         | Universe and Main repos.
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | I agree with most of what you said, but:
           | 
           | > _If that angers you, I heartily encourage folks to build
           | Debian up as the standard we all certify against. Or start
           | your own business that overtakes Red Hat and earns the place
           | RHEL has today._
           | 
           | This strikes me as a variation of the "if you don't like
           | Apple or Google's rules, make your own phone" or "if you
           | don't like Youtube's content policies, then start your own
           | video company." It's not necessarily _wrong_ , but it's
           | wildly impractical. It certainly may come down to that, but
           | it would be far better for everyone involved to reach some
           | sort of happy medium point that doesn't result in mass
           | duplication of effort and fragmentation. Before telling
           | people to just fork the project if you don't like it, it
           | would be great to address people's concerns as much as
           | possible, and that can't happen unless people make their
           | concerns known.
        
             | jzb wrote:
             | It's also, as has been demonstrated, wildly impractical for
             | Red Hat to continue exactly as before without others
             | undermining its business.
             | 
             | The thing is that everybody is only lobbying _Red Hat_ to
             | make concessions, but nobody 's going after Oracle or Rocky
             | or Alma or other clones to say "hey, cool it. Red Hat's
             | trying to keep a business going here. You're undermining
             | their business. If you keep this up, they're going to make
             | it harder for everybody to use a free RHEL for non-business
             | situations."
             | 
             | The difference, too, is that I (probably) have a business
             | relationship with Apple or Google if I'm complaining about
             | their wares. When I complain about iOS or Android it's
             | because I've purchased one of those phones (or want to) but
             | it has a defect (in my opinion) or user-hostile anti-
             | feature preventing me from getting the value I paid for.
             | 
             | This isn't that. This largely seems to be people _who are
             | not paying for RHEL_ demanding Red Hat allow them to
             | continue not paying for it but receive its value.
        
               | freedomben wrote:
               | > _It 's also, as has been demonstrated, wildly
               | impractical for Red Hat to continue exactly as before
               | without others undermining its business._
               | 
               | > _The thing is that everybody is only lobbying Red Hat
               | to make concessions, but nobody 's going after Oracle or
               | Rocky or Alma or other clones to say "hey, cool it. Red
               | Hat's trying to keep a business going here. You're
               | undermining their business. If you keep this up, they're
               | going to make it harder for everybody to use a free RHEL
               | for non-business situations."_
               | 
               | You make some really great points here. I think you've
               | mostly won me over.
        
               | geerlingguy wrote:
               | They could also shrink down to a more manageable business
               | unit... except IBM paid $34 billion for Red Hat, and you
               | can't ever decrease revenues or the axe drops :(
        
               | jzb wrote:
               | Well, remember too that IBM didn't pay $34b for just RHEL
               | - a big part of the purchase was OpenShift which has been
               | coming up in revenue and has RHEL as its underpinning.
               | And I have a lot more to write and say about that in a
               | series for my own blog, but certainly IBM isn't looking
               | for RHEL revenue to go down...
               | 
               | And to be very fair to all involved, that's not even
               | remotely unique to IBM. IBM is a public company and the
               | expectation for public companies is that revenue always
               | goes up. Always.
               | 
               | Red Hat had to live with that as an independent public
               | company too. If IBM weren't in the picture and Red Hat
               | were reporting poor subscriber numbers for RHEL,
               | investors would be calling for heads because late stage
               | capitalism. There's no more room for long-term thinking
               | if that doesn't involve "numbers go up, every quarter."
        
               | mfuzzey wrote:
               | >There's no more room for long-term thinking if that
               | doesn't involve "numbers go up, every quarter."
               | 
               | That is obviously unsustainable. I get that they need to
               | make a _profit_ but there 's no fundemental reason
               | numbers have to keep going up and at some point they
               | won't be able to go up anymore, even if the business
               | remains profitable.
        
               | freedomben wrote:
               | Yeah it is obviously unsustainable, but nobody knows how
               | long it can last, and they don't really care. Whoever
               | gets to helm the ship when the end starts will get fired
               | by the board, and somebody new will come on board. When
               | they eventually can't grow, they'll start acquiring other
               | companies and using that as their growth. Repeat forever.
        
               | geerlingguy wrote:
               | Yeah, and regarding OpenShift, I wonder how well that
               | play has been working for IBM. My guess is they were
               | expecting to 10x or 100x OpenShift revenues as giant
               | corporations standardized on containerized
               | infrastructure...
               | 
               | ...but then Kubernetes (sans OpenShift) seemed to do the
               | 10x'ing while OpenShift was just what RH customers used
               | if they weren't already exploring Kubernetes through some
               | other cloud provider's offering.
        
               | jzb wrote:
               | "I wonder how well that play has been working for IBM."
               | 
               | In January IBM reported that OpenShift is pulling in $1
               | billion in Annual Recurring Revenue [1]. OpenShift
               | existed as a product before Kubernetes but was rebased on
               | Kubernetes with v3. That was released (I think) in 2016?
               | So that's basically 6 years from $0 Kubernetes revenue to
               | $1 billion.
               | 
               | Red Hat numbers overall are sort of blended in with the
               | rest of earnings for their group, I think, so I don't see
               | exactly what Red Hat's numbers are now overall. When I
               | worked for Red Hat they'd break it out internally but I
               | wouldn't be able to share that unless it was reported
               | publicly...
               | 
               | It took Red Hat something like 12 years from IPO to $1
               | billion in ARR, as an entire company. Not sure when RHEL
               | alone became a $1 billion ARR business, but you have to
               | remember that Red Hat's numbers included JBoss and other
               | software too when they hit $1 billion.
               | 
               | As far as I know, none of the cloud providers break out
               | Kubernetes numbers alone. I don't know, for example, how
               | much AWS racks up via its Kubernetes. Of course, AWS also
               | gets some of the OpenShift business since some of Red
               | Hat's customers are on AWS, there's ROSA, etc. (Then
               | again, AWS also gets a slice of RHEL too...)
               | 
               | Worth noting that Google Cloud posted its first
               | profitable quarter in April of this year. No idea what
               | Google's market share for Kubernetes is, but if I had to
               | guess I'd say that their distribution isn't #1. (If
               | anyone actually can accurately measure this, anyway...)
               | 
               | If IBM expected OpenShift to have grown beyond $1bn by
               | January this year, I'd say that was unrealistic. I mean,
               | obviously because it didn't, but also because when IBM
               | acquired Red Hat officially the total Red Hat revenue was
               | about $3.4 billion and if I'm not mistaken "emerging
               | technologies" (including OpenShift) accounted for only
               | $225 million. [2] If OpenShift was, say, $100m of that
               | then they have (in fact) 10x'ed it.
               | 
               | And, finally, I don't think OpenShift revenues reflect
               | whatever services IBM has packaged for OpenShift as a
               | standard deployment platform. So - if IBM has made it
               | easier to sell other things because they only have to
               | target OpenShift, and they're successfully pushing
               | OpenShift into major customers, then it's a pretty good
               | deal.
               | 
               | But for now they also need to protect their primary Red
               | Hat revenue stream, and that still appears to be RHEL.
               | 
               | [1]
               | https://www.ibm.com/investor/att/pdf/IBM-4Q22-Earnings-
               | Prepa...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.theregister.com/2019/03/26/red_hat_2019_r
               | esults/
        
               | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
               | > It's also, as has been demonstrated, wildly impractical
               | for Red Hat to continue exactly as before without others
               | undermining its business.
               | 
               | How was that demonstrated? RH became, famously, a
               | billion-dollar company under the old model; why would
               | continuing that not work?
        
           | Pet_Ant wrote:
           | I think the main thrust of all of this is to de-commodify
           | Linux. To make RHEL really be in people's minds it's own
           | operating system outside of Linux. It's hard to do when it's
           | really just a ball of generic open source components. Hence,
           | this hostile behaviour. They don't want to be Linux, they
           | want to be RHEL and ask not about the man behind the curtain.
        
             | jzb wrote:
             | Just the opposite, I think. Red Hat is fighting the idea
             | that the operating system is a commodity, and demonstrating
             | that the RHEL subscription does have value.
             | 
             | Red Hat's competitors have tried really really hard to
             | undermine RHEL as something of value. The cloud providers
             | like AWS and Azure provide their own base Linux distros to
             | run workloads on. They'd love to cut Red Hat out of the
             | picture. Oracle wants to convince customers to give it all
             | their money to run workloads, hence Oracle Linux -- that's
             | based on RHEL.
             | 
             | If RHEL were, as you say, "a ball of generic open source
             | components" then you wouldn't see all this wailing and
             | gnashing of teeth about making it harder for Alma and Rocky
             | to claim "bug for bug" compatibility with RHEL. Nobody
             | would care.
             | 
             | Note that this has been going on for more than 20 years,
             | and this isn't the first time. I've been writing about this
             | on my blog, but we've seen this story before and the only
             | thing that has changed are the names of the vendors /
             | projects and the version numbers. (See:
             | https://dissociatedpress.net/2023/06/26/red-hat-and-the-
             | clon...)
        
               | parasubvert wrote:
               | Not the opposite. You're agreeing with the parent that
               | Red Hat is viewing to de-commodify Linux. You just can't
               | seem to see why this a bad thing.
               | 
               | Red Hat does not have the interests of the community in
               | mind any longer, which was inevitable when IBM purchased
               | them.
        
           | greendave wrote:
           | > Red Hat pulls together hundreds or thousands of upstreams
           | to create RHEL, participates in many of them, tests all that
           | together, helps partners certify software against it, etc.
           | etc. etc. > It's true, Red Hat doesn't "own" the Linux
           | kernel, but it's done a ton to help develop it over the
           | years. But RHEL is not merely the kernel nor any single
           | upstream. RHEL is a product that comprises thousands of
           | packages all tested together and then released as a supported
           | product. > What Red Hat is trying to guard is not the source
           | code to any single or even groups of projects. It's trying to
           | preserve and capture the value it created from all those
           | parts. Coincidentally, that value is what businesses,
           | competitors, and the community are clamoring for and not the
           | source code alone.
           | 
           | That's a point that (unfortunately) seems to have been lost
           | along the way. A big part of the reason why people use(d)
           | CentOS was because of the confidence they had that it'd be
           | stable, functional, receive timely security updates, etc. And
           | the main reason that was true is the work RedHat put into
           | RHEL.
           | 
           | That said, it's not entirely a one-way street. The widespread
           | use of CentOS meant much wider support for RHEL by open-
           | source packages (and some closed source ones) than a locked
           | down, limited availability RHEL would have had. I know of
           | places that use RHEL because CentOS is widely available, and
           | of places that would never bother to support RHEL if it
           | weren't for the availability and (near) ubiquity of CentOS.
        
         | redundantly wrote:
         | > What this comes down to is wilfully ignoring CentOS stream.
         | All the clones of RHEL can simply track CentOS stream
         | 
         | You are willfully ignoring that CentOS Stream is upstream of
         | RHEL. CentOS was downstream of RHEL.
         | 
         | Oracle Linux, Alma Linux, and Rocky Linux are all downstream of
         | RHEL.
         | 
         | Feel free to argue all day about how similar CentOS Stream is
         | to RHEL. Go ahead and argue how much it doesn't matter to you
         | that it's now upstream.
         | 
         | The fact of the matter is whether it's upstream or downstream
         | _does_ matter to a lot of users and companies.
         | 
         | It _does_ matter that IBM is trying to block access to open
         | source code and is trying to restrict its subscribers from
         | redistributing that same open sourced code.
         | 
         | IBM is causing extreme harm to the open source ecosystem that
         | they profit from.
        
         | jwitthuhn wrote:
         | > The process of replicating RHEL is so much easier today than
         | ever before.
         | 
         | I would argue that it was easier a few weeks ago when they made
         | source rpms available publicly.
        
       | Agingcoder wrote:
       | We started leaving red hat and red hat derivatives (centos) in
       | favor of Debian when they were bought by ibm, assuming things
       | wouldn't turn out for the best.
       | 
       | While I was never a huge red hat fan, I do regret what's
       | happening now - I think that having a major corporate backer of
       | open source code was very important. Other companies have since
       | at least partially filled the gap, but still, I don't like this.
       | I guess that the red hat of the 90s is no longer the same
       | company- time flies.
        
       | johnea wrote:
       | How many times is everyone going to be so "shocked" when a
       | corporation screws them over in a business descision?
       | 
       | Why would you have picked Red Hat in the first place?
       | 
       | Choose an independent distribution for more technical and end
       | user oriented project trajectory.
       | 
       | Archlinux was the poster child for this until it basically fell
       | to Red Hat with systemd adoption.
       | 
       | At this point Voidlinux is the most robust independent distro...
        
       | zitterbewegung wrote:
       | Red Hat is done with you also. IBM right now only cares about
       | paying customers.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | tpush wrote:
       | And another comment section full of people who don't understand
       | the GPL but are very confident about their wrong takes.
        
         | jjnoakes wrote:
         | Agreed. I don't know why, but I expected more from HN
         | commenters.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | jlbooker wrote:
       | The IBM MBAs have finally taken over Redhat. Anything to squeeze
       | another dollar out, even if it's counterproductive in the long
       | term.
       | 
       | We knew it would happen. Honestly I'm surprised it took this
       | long.
        
         | balozi wrote:
         | Said MBAs are in it for their annual bonuses. You'll see this
         | in many companies today: go-nowhere/soon-to-be-canceled
         | projects are launched -> bonuses are awarded -> people move on
         | -> rinse and repeat. Only fools stick around for long-term
         | gains. On the other hand - maybe the workers have finally
         | cracked the corporate secret.
        
       | gtirloni wrote:
       | I'm running Debian for a week now and it works great. I only
       | regret not jumping the RH ship earlier.
        
       | totallywrong wrote:
       | > I don't think this sort of emotional, loose-facted "hot take"
       | style response is real constructive.
       | 
       | Of course not, but it gets you a lot of attention.
        
       | westurner wrote:
       | Would it be feasible to sed-replace the RHEL and/or Fedora
       | selinux and container-selinux rulesets for use with other Linux
       | distros?
       | 
       | AFAIU only SUSE can run both AppArmor and SELinux?
       | 
       | And browsers are running as unconfined in selinux with like all
       | major distros; even on ChromiumOS (which was based on Gentoo,
       | Gnome, and Chrome) where WASM or a paid shell (or 15-30% cut from
       | the _Play Store_ only) is the only way for the kids to Python on
       | the Chromebooks we bought them for school.
       | 
       | Wouldn't it be great for them to not have to switch OSes and
       | distros throughout the day.
        
         | mattdm wrote:
         | I don't know about "sed-replace", but you can download the RHEL
         | selinux-policy source package from
         | https://gitlab.com/redhat/centos-stream/rpms/selinux-policy
        
       | smcleod wrote:
       | We should be calling Redhat what it really is these days - IBM.
       | It's not the old Redhat that many of us used to depend upon - IBM
       | chipped away and it and pretty quickly too, they'll run it into
       | the ground and flog it off at a loss.
        
       | hospitalJail wrote:
       | Is this a clickbait title? Or do I misunderstand the word
       | enterprise?
       | 
       | They are not done with using Linux for "a project or undertaking,
       | typically one that is difficult or requires effort." or "a
       | business or company."
       | 
       | They are no longer going to use a specific version of linux that
       | was made by "a business or company."
       | 
       | Do people really care that much about linux distros? Between 2
       | decades of personal use and a few years of professional Fortune
       | 20 use, linux seems to be linux to me. (Could just be that I have
       | stuck to Debian flavors)
        
         | mynameisvlad wrote:
         | Red Hat Enterprise Linux is the name of a product.
         | 
         | Geerling supports a massive collection of Ansible playbooks,
         | which goes pretty far beyond anybody's personal use of Linux
         | and would explain why this is a bigger deal than you or I
         | ditching support for a distro.
        
           | hospitalJail wrote:
           | I've always heard it as Red Hat. Weird to see the
           | parenthesis.
           | 
           | I would not have cared if it said 'I'm done with red hat
           | enterprise linux'
           | 
           | I took it as 'I'm done with enterprise linux'
        
             | Arnavion wrote:
             | The parentheses means they're done with RHEL the OS and RH
             | the company as a whole.
        
         | brightball wrote:
         | Geerling is a big name in Red Hat. He's responsible for most of
         | the popular Ansible packages out there.
        
         | re-thc wrote:
         | > Do people really care that much about linux distros?
         | 
         | They sadly do. There's a whole wave of consultants and
         | engineers tied to the RHEL ecosystem and wouldn't be able to
         | install without typing "yum".
        
           | raverbashing wrote:
           | "sadly"?
           | 
           | Your second point is valid but it seems most developers today
           | can't install anything that isn't an npm package
        
             | re-thc wrote:
             | > "sadly"?
             | 
             | In response to the origin post that Linux is Linux.
             | Kubernetes and Docker tries really hard to hide this
             | differentiator of Linux distros.
             | 
             | > but it seems most developers today can't install anything
             | that isn't an npm package
             | 
             | It gets worse than that. It's a daily struggle to explain
             | the different between npm, yarn and pnpm for example. If
             | only they understood what is "an npm package".
        
           | hulitu wrote:
           | Was rpm -i deprecated ? /s
        
           | freedude wrote:
           | dnf, yum is slated to be deprecated.
           | 
           | https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-
           | us/red_hat_enterp...
        
         | teilo wrote:
         | Yes, we care about flavors of Linux in the enterprise. RHEL is
         | an industry standard distribution that nearly all vendors
         | support. We have a significant amount of commercial software
         | that is _only_ supported on RHEL or its derivates. Not running
         | on a supported distro? You get no support. That's a non-starter
         | for mission critical systems in the enterprise.
         | 
         | We used to be able to run this software, fully supported, on
         | CentOS. IBM pulled the rug out from under us. Rocky and Alma
         | rose to the occasion, and the various vendors supported one or
         | both, since it was still RHEL minus branding. Now IBM is
         | cutting off those distros also in an attempt to force everyone
         | into RHEL licenses and support contracts.
         | 
         | But because it IS Linux, after all, a lot of enterprises like
         | mine have NEVER needed support for the OS itself. We just
         | needed our vendors to support their software running on it, and
         | we needed vulnarability patching on the OS, something which
         | CentOS, Rocky, and Alma always provided.
         | 
         | If I had my way, 100% of what we run would be on Debian. I have
         | Debian running everywhere possible. But not all 3rd party
         | applications support Debian. I'm hoping that one consequence of
         | IBM's move here will be to drive them all to Debian.
        
           | volkadav wrote:
           | Yeah, I'm hopeful the five year support window for Debian LTS
           | releases now will help drive that migration. I suspect though
           | the lowest-effort path for migrating from one commercial
           | vendor to another will be towards Canonical, given Ubuntu's
           | LTS releases and existing infrastructure around commercial
           | support / certified hardware compatibility lists / etc. I may
           | not be a huge fan of some of their decisions over the years
           | but as my objections have tended to be technical rather than
           | business/contractual/ethical I think they'd be nicer to deal
           | with than IBM or Oracle, heh. :)
        
         | volkadav wrote:
         | There can be quite a number of distro-specific quirks to bear
         | in mind if you're targeting more than one, enough so that as a
         | downstream product vendor it's nice to only have one or two
         | ideally slowly-moving targets (say, RHEL and Ubuntu LTS) to
         | test on/document/support instead of dozens. In turn it's also
         | nice as an end-user to have a platform with long periods of
         | stability/support so you're not having to rebuild/retune your
         | systems' foundational bits every year.
         | 
         | (I have no particular dog in this fight. I mostly left the
         | RedHat ecosystem behind a long time ago, but I understand it's
         | still a big deal for a lot of vendors and clients. From an
         | individual dev/user perspective, I agree that more or less as
         | long as whatever is a posix-y environment, I can figure it out
         | and get my work done, whether it's solaris or slackware or
         | whatever haha.)
        
       | nazgulsenpai wrote:
       | What about the small companies that started using CentOS then
       | grew to needing enterprise support and switched to Red Hat? I'm
       | sure they considered this before making the change, but I always
       | assumed this was at least part of the strategy. Now there will be
       | no free entry point that can be converted with a simple repo-
       | swap.
        
       | bvrmn wrote:
       | Some reasons why Stream is not replacement for Centos alike
       | (Alma, Rocky, ...).
       | 
       | 1. Stream can't be used as base to build el-compatible packages.
       | There is no any guarantees Stream doesn't break ABI
       | compatibility.
       | 
       | 2. Stream has no large (several years) support cycle and can't be
       | used as a stable system. Yes, there is a big community who don't
       | need a paid licensed support from a RH and ready to help with bug
       | reports and testing.
        
         | mattdm wrote:
         | > There is no any guarantees Stream doesn't break ABI
         | compatibility.
         | 
         | This is incorrect. Or, sure, there are no _guarantees_, but any
         | such break would also break a future RHEL release, and is
         | therefore a bug.
         | 
         | 2. Five years.
        
           | bvrmn wrote:
           | > Five years
           | 
           | So basically 2 times less, nice.
        
           | bvrmn wrote:
           | AFAIK, there is no rule RHEL is strictly based on Stream.
        
         | indigodaddy wrote:
         | How long typically do packages percolate in Stream before
         | making their way to EL?
        
           | Conan_Kudo wrote:
           | The time delta to the next minor version, usually. RHEL has a
           | release in the spring and the fall. The last pair of releases
           | were in May and November. If something landed in CentOS
           | Stream in between May and November, it will probably be part
           | of the November release. If it's after that, then it'll be
           | part of the next spring release.
           | 
           | It's not particularly complex, in my opinion.
        
       | predictabl3 wrote:
       | I don't mean this antagonistically and I realize I am lucky to
       | have this perspective maybe, but all of this just reinforces a
       | thought I've had for a long time, I feel bad for people forced to
       | use these types of enterprise-y Linuxes.
        
         | Double_a_92 wrote:
         | There is nothing wrong with RHEL, it's all about the support
         | contract (which you want or even legally need as a big
         | company).
         | 
         | RH / IBM is trying to hit the partner companies of RockyLinux,
         | AlmaLinux and so on. E.g. for RockyLinux there is a company
         | called CIQ which sells enterprise support, which itself may or
         | may not already be a dick move towards RH since they are
         | chipping at their business without really contributing to it.
        
       | CrLf wrote:
       | Why can't AlmaLinux and Rocky Linux drop their bug-for-bug
       | compatibility commitment, and become stable distributions in
       | their own right, based on CentOS Stream?
       | 
       | I think this ecosystem would gain a lot from these distributions
       | having their own identity, instead of being just 1:1 copies of
       | RHEL.
       | 
       | Change my mind. ;)
        
         | neurostimulant wrote:
         | Many enterprise apps are distributed as binary release that
         | compatible with RHEL, and people want to run them without using
         | RHEL, especially in situations when it doesn't make sense to
         | purchase RHEL licenses.
        
           | jacooper wrote:
           | Well then these apps now have to support something else if
           | they don't want to lose customers who don't want to use RHEL.
        
           | CrLf wrote:
           | I understand that scenario, having lived in it for many
           | years. However, in practice, that doesn't require bug-for-bug
           | compatibility.
           | 
           | The proof of this is that such software tends to run
           | perfectly fine even across different RHEL major versions with
           | just a few compatibility packages.
        
             | neurostimulant wrote:
             | I don't use red hat based distro myself so I'm curious: if
             | you want to run an old binary built for, say, RHEL from 5
             | years ago, can you run that binary on centos stream without
             | dependency issue?
        
       | cturner wrote:
       | RHEL has a major ecosystem advantage related to drivers that they
       | may not be aware of. They risk ruining this, as I will try to
       | explain.
       | 
       | At the time industry started to take Linux seriously, RHEL was
       | the dominant distro. As a result, and by accident, RHEL+derivs
       | became the primary target for commercial hardware drivers. As an
       | example - it's easier to get obscure low-latency network and
       | packet-capture cards working on RHEL+derivs than on other
       | systems. RHEL+derivs is the assumed standard when you talk to
       | firms that make that kind of stuff.
       | 
       | As a result of driver support, redhat derivs became the standard
       | for commercial deployment. Redhat did not get this volume. The
       | deployed volume is with all the Centos/Rocky/Alma that is
       | deployed in hedge funds, prop firms, oil search grids, etc.
       | 
       | As I see it, this driver situation is the real value in the
       | Redhat ecosystem. The userland is a bit of a mess, the package
       | manager does not impress me. But I deploy RHEL-derivs because
       | drivers work with no hassle.
       | 
       | If Redhat were able to cancel the derivatives, they would trigger
       | the tipping point where industry ceases to treat RHEL+derivs as
       | the standard driver target. Firms using centos on five thousand
       | servers are not suddenly going to start paying USD 350 / year /
       | server where previously they paid nothing. They will move to
       | Debian, and eat the pain of the transition. Commercial driver
       | culture would swiftly follow. That culture change would not take
       | years. It would take days.
       | 
       | I think Redhat's per-server sales model is naive. USD 350 / year
       | gets you a license with no support. This probably gets some
       | commerce from small-business, and a bit more from firms with
       | traditional service expectations.
       | 
       | But is that really where the opportunity is?
       | 
       | When I set up a data-centre presence, I want to PXE-boot each
       | server. This way I can modify the system image for the grid by
       | creating a new PXE image and rebooting hosts. Getting to this
       | setup is fiddly. I wish there was an off-the-shelf solution from
       | Redhat that did a good job of it. USD 2000 per year per site per
       | 100 servers, including support for the PXE device itself. Redhat
       | could coexist with the derivs if it took this path. If they built
       | this as an appliance, that product could become ubiquitous like
       | firewalls and network switches.
        
         | nine_k wrote:
         | If you don't mind, what makes more niche hardware drivers work
         | / build better against RHEL?
         | 
         | I suppose RHEL uses _basically_ the same kernel, with patches
         | that don 't alter its interface too substantially. So I
         | _presume_ that a driver in source form, or even partly in
         | binary blob form, should build and work approximately equally
         | well with any stock kernel.
         | 
         | Beside the driver developers apparently using RHEL / CentOS (so
         | on them the drivers are _known_ to work), what am I missing?
        
           | traxys wrote:
           | Targeting a RHEL kernel version is quite different than
           | targeting the same official kernel version as they backport a
           | huge number of features, resulting in drivers that may work
           | in RHEL but not upstream, or the reverse
        
           | pak9rabid wrote:
           | In my past experience as a sysadmin, some vendors will only
           | release drivers (as binary blobs) for RHEL. EMC PowerPath
           | comes to mind, granted that's kind of a moot point now that
           | the FOSS kernel MPIO drivers are good enough, but I'm sure
           | there's other such examples that exist to this day.
        
           | garenp wrote:
           | In my experience RHEL has been better at backporting patches
           | and maintaining a relatively stable kernel. This means that
           | third-party software that targeted it is more likely to work
           | over time. Canonical by comparison is absolutely terrible,
           | and seemingly just blindly imports whatever is thrown over
           | the wall from kernel.org even in their so-called "LTS"
           | versions, and now after running an innocuous "apt-get
           | upgrade" command your frobnitz device no longer works and/or
           | you can't rebuild the driver for your frobnitz device due to
           | incompatible kernel changes.
           | 
           | Some vendors also explicitly detail exactly which distro and
           | versions they support ("RHEL or Centos x.y"), so even if you
           | can get things to work on another distro, a vendor can easily
           | deny your support request with the usual BS line: "that
           | configuration is not supported. Switch back to RHEL x.y or
           | SLES and let us know if you can reproduce the issue! La-la-la
           | have a nice day, buh-bye! _phone click_ ".
        
           | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
           | > I suppose RHEL uses basically the same kernel, with patches
           | that don't alter its interface too substantially. So I
           | presume that a driver in source form, or even partly in
           | binary blob form, should build and work approximately equally
           | well with any stock kernel.
           | 
           | No, I think that's exactly the difference; Linux (in)famously
           | has no stable ABI for drivers, and regularly makes changes
           | that break things if you don't recompile against the updated
           | kernel. Part of the value in RHEL was that they froze
           | significantly more ABI surface, which made it possible to
           | write proprietary drivers that would work across at least
           | minor kernel updates without needing to be changed. That
           | won't work on an upstream kernel because upstream doesn't go
           | out of their way to freeze that ABI surface.
        
             | adrian_b wrote:
             | Yes, exactly this.
             | 
             | Maintaining any kernel modules that are not in the Linux
             | kernel tree is extremely painful.
             | 
             | Almost every new kernel version breaks the older kernel
             | modules, e.g. device drivers, by moving definitions between
             | kernel headers, by adding or deleting function parameters,
             | or by adding or deleting structure members.
             | 
             | Most of these changes are very poorly documented, so anyone
             | who does not follow daily the kernel development is
             | clueless for instance about which values should be put in
             | the new function parameters or new structure members in
             | order to obtain the same behavior as in the previous kernel
             | version.
             | 
             | The kernel developers who make these breaking changes do
             | not bother to write upgrading instructions for the benefit
             | of those who must maintain an out-of-tree device driver, so
             | those may have to waste a lot of time with reading the
             | kernel sources, to discover what must be done to make the
             | old device drivers compatible with a new kernel.
        
           | cturner wrote:
           | It is both drivers and the userland tools that you get in the
           | tarball. This stuff is often developed by people with a focus
           | on hardware. They will build something to work well on their
           | machine but may never have used a different linux distro. The
           | userland tools might assume compile options in libraries will
           | be as they are in redhat. There will be hard coded paths
           | where there shouldn't be. The source may not be available, it
           | might be static binaries. That kind of stuff.
        
       | crabbone wrote:
       | I'm a "second generation refugee from XIV". XIV was a storage
       | company started by Moshe Yanai, it pioneered many things in
       | storage world. It was the catalyst that created many talented
       | storage programmers that created their own successful companies:
       | Infinidat, XtremIO, Weka, Elastifile, and many more.
       | 
       | IBM acquired XIV... and ran it into the ground. To anyone who had
       | this kind of experience with IBM the possibility of RHEL dying
       | under the guidance of IBM was almost as good as certainty.
       | 
       | My guess is that RHEL in not such a long time will take it's
       | proud place somewhere between zLinux and AIX, and most will never
       | hear from it again.
        
       | mattl wrote:
       | Will Red Hat start discreetly tagging source code releases per
       | subscription to find out who is sharing source code?
        
         | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
         | I've read a suggestion that that actually _would_ violate the
         | assorted open source licenses in question, which generally
         | require some version of giving the user the _same_ source as
         | was used to build the binaries they got. Of course, they might
         | be able to just do it on the more permissively licensed
         | packages.
        
           | aaomidi wrote:
           | So all it would take is a couple of separate releases of the
           | SC, and you can diff to see the changes.
        
             | mattl wrote:
             | Yeah, a few well intentioned people could buy copies of
             | RHEL and compare source code releases.
        
         | mbreese wrote:
         | If they haven't already, I'm sure you could expect them to.
         | That's the only way to really police the policy.
        
       | kazinator wrote:
       | What is the actual issue here? It's not explained well.
       | 
       | Is that the CentOS Stream is not a _bona fide_ community distro,
       | but simply a sneaky name for something that is actually  "RHEL
       | Beta"?
       | 
       | The article refers to subscription paywalls; so I'm assuming they
       | apply to this CentOS Stream thing, which indeeded makes it
       | totally-not-a-community edition.
       | 
       | Which makes it a dickhead move for it to be using the name.
       | 
       | Technically, it would way more sense for a _bona fide_ community
       | OS to be the upstream for the commercial one with the paywalls
       | and subscriptions, than to be making community editions
       | downstream. But it looks like CentOS Stream isn 't it, so the
       | point is moot.
        
         | yrro wrote:
         | > What is the actual issue here?
         | 
         | RHEL source code may now only be obtained via the Red Hat
         | customer portal rather than pulled from Git.
         | 
         | This means that RHEL rebuilds (which _want_ to be downstream of
         | RHEL) now have no way to obtain sources, since in order to use
         | the customer portal you have to agree to not distribute the
         | content downloaded from it to anyone else.
         | 
         | > The article refers to subscription paywalls; so I'm assuming
         | they apply to this CentOS Stream thing, which indeeded makes it
         | totally-not-a-community edition.
         | 
         | There's no paywall in front of CentOS Stream. Anyone can
         | download it for free like any other Linux distro.
         | 
         | > Technically, it would way more sense for a bona fide
         | community OS to be the upstream for the commercial one with the
         | paywalls and subscriptions, than to be making community
         | editions downstream. But it looks like CentOS Stream isn't it,
         | so the point is moot.
         | 
         | CentOS Stream _is_ upstream of RHEL. It's far more of a
         | community OS than CentOS ever was. Paywalls and subscriptions
         | are for RHEL not CentOS Stream.
         | 
         | The problem is that the traditional CentOS community does not
         | _want_ to be upstream of RHEL. But they also don't want to pay
         | for it...
        
       | InTheArena wrote:
       | Time to rally around the flag here. This is an incredibly hostile
       | move by Redhat - and the attitude that only they provide value in
       | the ecosystem is incredibly toxic and a direct threat to what
       | open source stands for.
        
       | vegasbrianc wrote:
       | IBM behind the scenes squeezing every drop of value out of Red
       | Hat...sad to see but this will continue
        
       | poo-yie wrote:
       | I'm surprised at all of the drama surrounding Red Hat's
       | decisions. Red Hat is a for-profit company and not a charity.
       | They (Red Hat) don't make any claims of offering RHEL for free to
       | the whole world. If you want that, Canonical's Ubuntu may be a
       | better option for you. Am I missing something?
        
         | 2b3a51 wrote:
         | Perhaps the reaction has something to do with a product for
         | which the USP is reliability and stability changing the terms
         | on which the product is available _very suddenly_ and _without
         | warning_ twice in the last few years?
         | 
         | The clones did contribute mind share to RHEL. That will now be
         | lost. We don't know what the consequences of that will be.
         | 
         | PS: I think people should support Debian. A non-profit project
         | with clear charitable status in many jurisdictions and a fully
         | public development process. No sudden shifts if you use stable
         | in production (or even oldstable).
        
         | dunno7456 wrote:
         | RedHat used to have a good open mind approach with CentOS, but
         | then they got acquired by IBM and started switching their
         | efforts somehow.
        
         | justinclift wrote:
         | > Canonical's Ubuntu
         | 
         | Why the suggestion for Canonical?
         | 
         | They've also been doing shady shit again recently. For
         | instance, adding advertisements for their products to existing
         | cli tools.
         | 
         | I haven't been tracking SUSE for a few years now, but they're
         | they're _not_ doing shady shit? Hopefully there 's at least one
         | good option in commercial-linux-land. ;)
        
           | neverartful wrote:
           | Probably because Canonical does promise to make their
           | software freely available to the whole world.
        
             | justinclift wrote:
             | Hmmm. "freely available to the whole world". Is that really
             | the wording they use?
             | 
             | Asking because their recent advertising added to the apt
             | cli is promoting some kind of security packages. Seems like
             | people need to pay for those?
        
               | mattl wrote:
               | I believe that was for Ubuntu Pro.
               | 
               | Ubuntu Pro provides some extra support (five more years)
               | for packages in Ubuntu's existing (gratis) Long Term
               | Support (LTS) releases of Ubuntu.
        
               | justinclift wrote:
               | Hmmm, not sure about that.
               | 
               | The wording was along the lines of "There are security
               | updates for package XYZ. If you join <something> (maybe
               | its Ubuntu Pro like you mention?) you'd have access to
               | them."
               | 
               | That's not really a message that should be showing up on
               | a box running 20.04 LTS, which is years before its EOL
               | date.
        
               | mattl wrote:
               | Yeah, I saw it too.. we used a precursor to Ubuntu Pro so
               | I'm sure my message was less obnoxious.
               | 
               | I think they're also offering patches for some commonly
               | installed third-party stuff like nodejs via Ubuntu Pro.
               | 
               | I actually quite like Ubuntu Pro for the fact I can send
               | a developer a laptop and know that there's 24/7 support
               | from Canonical. I was a little dubious at how good they'd
               | be, but they were able to diagnose the problem and
               | provide a fix.
        
         | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
         | That cuts both ways; RH doesn't owe anyone free (gratis)
         | software, but they're also not entitled to good will or free
         | work/contributions. Or users or customers, for that matter.
        
         | donatj wrote:
         | You're missing the fact that they are pedaling GPL software,
         | and thus they are inclined to be offering it for free to the
         | whole world, definitionally.
        
           | LaSombra wrote:
           | Auto makers, TV makers, and others use GPL software left and
           | right and they don't, or rarely, offer a easy way to obtain
           | it. How's it different?
        
             | justsomehnguy wrote:
             | You could run the things on CentOS just fine, but when you
             | had need 'a supported solution' you just bought RHEL and
             | did all the same things, just against 'a supportrd
             | solution' and RH got their money.
        
             | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
             | > Auto makers, TV makers, and others use GPL software left
             | and right and they don't, or rarely, offer a easy way to
             | obtain it.
             | 
             | To be clear, if they don't provide source code of GPL
             | software to customers, that's an actual outright violation
             | of the license.
        
           | eesmith wrote:
           | > offering it for free to the whole world, definitionally
           | 
           | That's definitionally _not_ true. Quoting
           | https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/selling.html
           | 
           | ] if you are redistributing copies of free software, you
           | might as well charge a substantial fee and make some money.
           | Redistributing free software is a good and legitimate
           | activity; if you do it, you might as well make a profit from
           | it. ...
           | 
           | ] Except for one special situation, the GNU General Public
           | License (GNU GPL) has no requirements about how much you can
           | charge for distributing a copy of free software. You can
           | charge nothing, a penny, a dollar, or a billion dollars. It's
           | up to you, and the marketplace, ...
           | 
           | That's why the linked-to essays says "Technically, the GPL
           | allows [a paywall]" from the text.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | lagniappe wrote:
           | I'm asking this non-facetiously: Is there a wikipedia page or
           | a written record of all the people/corps who've been taken to
           | task in court over a GPL violation, or a large company such
           | as IBM? If yes, was the penalty commensurate?
        
             | donatj wrote:
             | This appears to be a decent though seemingly incomplete
             | list with outcomes
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_source_license_litigatio
             | n
        
               | lagniappe wrote:
               | Thanks, this is just what I was looking for.
        
               | away271828 wrote:
               | It is incomplete however. For example, there was a long-
               | running lawsuit against VMware that was never resolved.
               | [1] Was sort of an odd case and pretty much no one else
               | in the industry wanted to go near it.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.zdnet.com/article/linux-developer-
               | abandons-vmwar...
        
           | edgyquant wrote:
           | No they only have to offer source code to users of their
           | software. In order to use their software you have to buy a
           | license. They have been giving it away for years but are not
           | obligated to. When GNU first came out they sold their source
           | code for thousands of dollars and this is the format GPL was
           | written to enforce.
        
           | diffeomorphism wrote:
           | No, you are very much encouraged to sell GPL software:
           | 
           | https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/selling.en.html
        
           | springogeek wrote:
           | The source of GPL software can be sold, it just has to be
           | available to users of the software.
        
         | gtirloni wrote:
         | _> Red Hat is a for-profit company_
         | 
         | ... built on top of software and labour contributed by others.
         | 
         | What you're missing is how the open source ethos works.
        
           | n0us wrote:
           | Isn't that basically all for-profit software though? not to
           | mention exactly how most of the people on this board have
           | paying jobs?
           | 
           | I would argue that it's exactly how the open source ethos
           | works
        
             | dmix wrote:
             | It would also still go in the other direction as well would
             | it not? Meaning contributions via paid Red Hat devs would
             | still benefit the wider Linux community, even as they close
             | off the free forked versions.
             | 
             | I'm not sure exactly how much Red Hat contributes to Linux
             | though but if I remember correctly it's quite a bit. Maybe
             | Red Hat making more $$ = more devs. Or maybe this is just a
             | net negative for the ecosystem code-wise (as opposed to
             | just hurting the current users of the forked OSes) as it
             | pushes more devs/software away from a very popular
             | 'platform', reducing exposure, free online support on
             | forums, testing, etc.
        
           | edgyquant wrote:
           | Red Hat is a huge contributor to Linux. They also are
           | responsible for making it a trusted OS for people coming off
           | traditional Unix in the 90s. They aren't doing anything on
           | the backs of others.
        
             | 5e92cb50239222b wrote:
             | Most of the code they ship isn't written by them, whatever
             | metric you choose.
        
               | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
               | If that's the bar to being a good open source actor then
               | who is?
        
             | CaliforniaKarl wrote:
             | Red Hat are relying on innumerable folks who do the work of
             | certifying that their products work on RHEL, potentially
             | creating lock-in for Red Hat.
        
           | LaSombra wrote:
           | You say that and it feels like Red Hat never contributed a
           | single line of code to any FOSS projects or doesn't hire any
           | developers to work on FOSS.
        
             | kelnos wrote:
             | It doesn't really matter if they've contributed or not.
             | They still need to abide by the terms of the license.
        
               | neverartful wrote:
               | In what way is Red Hat not abiding by the license? My
               | understanding is that Red Hat is making the source code
               | available to their users via their customer portal. I
               | don't think that they have an obligation to make their
               | source code available to non-users.
        
               | solamarpreet wrote:
               | They have an obligation under the GPL to allow end users
               | to redistribute. Terminating the subscriber agreement for
               | redistribution is punishing the user for exercising his
               | right granted to him by the GPL.
        
               | neverartful wrote:
               | I had missed this point earlier. Thanks for clarifying.
               | This does indeed look like RH has put themselves into a
               | quagmire.
        
           | pamhalpert wrote:
           | >... built on top of software and labour contributed by
           | others.
           | 
           | the irony of Rocky, Oracle, and etc just flat out ripping off
           | Red Hat.... which is the exact move that caused this change
           | lol
        
             | ertian wrote:
             | If they sold for profit and started putting their changes
             | behind a paywall, that would be terrible. But they're just
             | benefiting from Red Hat the same way that Red Hat benefits
             | from upstream Linux. Red Hat is the one misbehaving here.
        
             | stonogo wrote:
             | If they don't like it maybe they should change their
             | licensing
        
             | gtirloni wrote:
             | [flagged]
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
               | pamhalpert wrote:
               | i've been a long time lurker, non-commentator, oops. i
               | just do most of my work on cent/rhel/rocky/oracle and i
               | felt comfortable enough to join and comment for once
        
         | mynameisvlad wrote:
         | I mean, they're within their right to pull support, but people
         | are equally within their right to point out how that is
         | shooting themselves and the RHEL communities in the foot.
        
           | axus wrote:
           | It's pretty sad. Red Hat should be optimizing for "maximum
           | number of dollars over 10 years", not "maximum control over
           | RHEL-compatible distribution". The second goal leads to more
           | support for their competitors, and ultimately less people
           | buying Red Hat subscriptions.
           | 
           | Anecdotally, we'll have to support more Linux varieties
           | instead of comfortably mandating RHEL-compatible.
        
             | alrs wrote:
             | None of the people who hold IBM stock will be holding it in
             | 10 years. None of the executives at IBM will be there in 10
             | years. Why would they bother?
        
           | westurner wrote:
           | This. What a good opportunity to compare: the (GitOps!)
           | packaging workflows, build server security, software supply
           | chain integrity controls, issue tracking / triage, wiki,
           | documentation, kernel patching, cloud fuzzing / integration
           | testing, and baseline MAC and DAC policies of the stable
           | kernel patchset OSes within budget for schools, hobbyists,
           | after workers, and corporations who can and for some services
           | maybe should afford an SLA.
           | 
           | On worthwhile investments of time differentiating our
           | offering in InfoSec and Operating Systems,
           | 
           | FWIU (RH) OpenShift (and MicroShift) does k8s containers most
           | correctly in terms of separate SELinux contexts per
           | container, which we should probably have for browser tabs,
           | too. Do (a) browsers, (b) Cloudflare Runners, and (c) Docker
           | WASM runtimes run WASM tasks without container-like process
           | isolation; all as the same user and cgroup and context?
        
             | yrro wrote:
             | > which we should probably have for browser tabs, too
             | 
             | This would be incredible
        
         | woodruffw wrote:
         | I don't think the author is expecting charitable behavior: it's
         | more that Red Hat was deriving extraordinary amounts of value
         | from his work, and was (partially) compensating for that by
         | making his (and others') support for RHEL easier by providing
         | them will access to RHEL.
         | 
         | In other words: Red Hat's behavior here is almost certainly
         | going to make end-level support for their OS worse, not better,
         | all for a tiny slice of their non-paying install base.
        
           | LaSombra wrote:
           | Red Hat offers free subscriptions to developers. How doesn't
           | it help in this case?
        
             | burnished wrote:
             | Because its a pain in the ass and going along with it is
             | essentially signing yourself up for the next time they want
             | to try squeezing for money.
        
             | CaliforniaKarl wrote:
             | The sign-up path isn't clear: When I signed up, it took a
             | day for all the parts of Red Hat's infrastructure to become
             | aware of me. That delay wasn't made clear at the time.
             | 
             | It expires every 12 months, and you have to take action to
             | renew it, again with a not-very-clear path. It's not
             | possible to renew early (at least, I didn't see how).
             | 
             | It adds extra friction: You don't get a custom ISO or the
             | like. Instead, you have to register your system during
             | installation. It's an extra step you don't have to take.
             | 
             | There's a subscriber agreement you must agree to, which not
             | everyone wants to do.
        
               | jsight wrote:
               | It is worth adding that they can also take this way or
               | reduce it at any time.
               | 
               | It isn't trustworthy in the same way that the downstream
               | rebuilds were.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | quags wrote:
         | The issue here is the GPL and what does it provide, freedom
         | wise , for a system that is built of other contributors who
         | also released their work under the GPL. It is a bit funny to me
         | that red hat wants to kill off clones of their os and plenty of
         | people think this is ok and seeing it as freeloading because
         | red hat gives back which I would say they may be required based
         | on the GPL and their business model. Could the Linux foundation
         | move to subscription base and charge red hat based on they also
         | give back and suddenly require subscriptions? This though isn't
         | the first time I have seen the same story so I am less worried.
         | I remember red hat initially moving to their enterprise release
         | and there was quite a few months of unknown what people would
         | do after rh9 - I suspect this will also work itself out. If red
         | hat wants to be more closed source they should build off of
         | FreeBSD or something that can be less opened.
        
           | neverartful wrote:
           | Genuine question (I'm not intimately familiar with all the
           | terms of the GPL) -- does the GPL require you to release the
           | source code to anyone and everyone (even non-customers)?
        
             | Stranger43 wrote:
             | No but it gives every customer the right to redistribute
             | the sourcecode to software they bought if that code is
             | covered by the GPL under the same terms as RedHat got from
             | their upstream.
             | 
             | It looks like RedHat might be trying to avoid that clause
             | by threatening to stop selling any software to people who
             | might use that part of the GPL.
        
               | neverartful wrote:
               | I had missed this part earlier. Thanks for clarifying. It
               | certainly changes the picture.
        
         | HL33tibCe7 wrote:
         | The point is that this is a stupid decision. It will turn
         | people off Red Hat, and at the same time it's incredibly
         | annoying and inconvenient for a large number of Rocky/Alma/etc
         | users.
        
           | dmix wrote:
           | > It will turn people off Red Hat
           | 
           | Will it turn paying customers off Red Hat? (Honest question)
        
             | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
             | No (paying Red Hat customer).
        
             | Stranger43 wrote:
             | Not directly but it might cause some upstream vendors and
             | projects to rethink weather they want to recommend Red Hat
             | as preferred platform and if the hosting vendors turn off
             | the Red Hat clones that's going to ripple back to Red Hat,
             | as a lot of corporate linux users will gravitate to the
             | distro that's recommended by the application vendors.
             | 
             | Part of how canonical challenged Red Hat is that they
             | deliberately made it really easy for a developer to run
             | Ubuntu on their workstation and test environments.
        
             | janosdebugs wrote:
             | No, it won't unless the customer is also using upstream
             | stuff elsewhere. But it will close an avenue of new
             | customer acquisition. Can't say how often, but it happened
             | that someone needed support for an upstream software (which
             | is a big no-no) and ended up buying a downstream license.
        
             | Yeroc wrote:
             | Most likely yes. Can't speak for other organizations but
             | the one I work for licenses RHEL on our critical servers
             | and uses CentOS/Alma on all non-critical infrastructure.
             | Obviously the reason that is done is because it's easy to
             | support what's essentially a single OS. With this new
             | change, if Alma/Rocky go away we'll be looking at either
             | Suse or Ubuntu most likely and RHEL will go away completely
             | to be replaced with the licensed equivalents of Suse or
             | Ubuntu so that we only need to support a single OS.
        
               | pnutjam wrote:
               | OpenSuse LEAP is 100% binary compatible with SLES. You
               | can build an entire dev environment with LEAP, clone it
               | and run a script to make it SLES.
               | 
               | Ubuntu is pushing snaps to hard IMHO. Suse is moving
               | towards immutable OS with flatpacks, but doing so in a
               | much more responsible manner that is not trying to lock
               | down the ecosystem.
        
             | fariszr wrote:
             | Current customers? Probably not, but it will hamper the
             | flow of future customers for sure.
        
       | jillesvangurp wrote:
       | Sounds like it is time to fork and own it. Just as legal as what
       | IBM is doing and people might vote with their feet rather than
       | pay the IBM tax.
       | 
       | There's enough of a community to own this. Jenkins is a good role
       | model. So is Libre Office. Oracle was once on the other end; now
       | they are on the receiving end. So, I'm guessing they might be
       | interested in being on the other end this time. Between them,
       | Amazon, and maybe a few smaller companies there should be enough
       | to pull together an independent fork, a and leave IBM to piece
       | together long term support by themselves. The goal would be to
       | have a stable long term version but I'd say IBM's involvement
       | might be optional at this point. And what's left of Red Hat might
       | be tempted to jump ship. Shape it like a foundation and make sure
       | that there is no single corporate owner that can change their
       | mind and you have a fine basis for decades to come.
        
         | CrLf wrote:
         | Red Hat has even been making this easier for the last few
         | years...
         | 
         | Back in 2003, when they discontinued Red Hat Linux (RHEL's
         | predecessor) and locked binary RPMs behind a subscription (to
         | similar outrage), the clones didn't have an easy time. RHEL's
         | build process was behind closed doors and doing rebuilds meant
         | reverse engineering the proper build order. This is why CentOS
         | major versions took quite a while to appear after the
         | corresponding RHEL releases (and made CentOS a major effort).
         | 
         | Since Red Hat assimilated CentOS, and culminating with CentOS
         | Stream becoming the upstream for RHEL itself, the build system
         | became unified.
         | 
         | This is highly valuable. That clones aren't taking advantage of
         | this to jumpstart themselves into independence (and ensuring
         | the Red Hat ecosystem has a future, with or without Red Hat) is
         | just sad.
        
       | JeremyNT wrote:
       | I'm sympathetic to Jeff's position, but this is I believe the
       | _third_ post from this individual about this topic to reach the
       | HN front page in the last week.
       | 
       | At this point I feel like there's no more blood to be wrung from
       | this stone. Jeff is free to take his ball and go home with it -
       | just like Red Hat, in fact - but I think we're past the "this is
       | notable news" phase and another post from Jeff about his
       | frustrations doesn't really further the conversation.
        
         | dark-star wrote:
         | Exactly, who _is_ this Geerling guy anyway? ;-)
         | 
         | (I'm kidding, of course, but a few days ago I had to google
         | him...I don't follow many Tech YouTubers' channels anymore)
        
         | xena wrote:
         | I'm pretty sure Hacker News isn't the target audience for this
         | post.
        
           | geerlingguy wrote:
           | It wasn't.
           | 
           | I usually write a blog post separate from the script of my
           | video (this requires a lot more time, but I feel like
           | audiences like HN deserve better writing than a YouTube
           | script). But in this case I pasted the script almost verbatim
           | (just adjusting formatting).
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | True enough. If it were I suspect OP wouldn't have glossed
           | over the entirety of Red Hat's contribution as Red Hat would
           | grab a copy of "Linux", add Red Hat magic sauce, RHEL comes
           | out. Reminds me of the "how to draw an owl" post :-D
        
         | jchw wrote:
         | Personally, I don't mind it. It's a big deal in the world of
         | open source, and as someone who was mostly uninitialized about
         | CentOS and RHEL after all these years, I find these posts
         | somewhat enlightening, even this one. I'll grant you that it's
         | probably not necessary to have three posts or have them all go
         | to HN's frontpage, but all-in-all it doesn't seem like such a
         | big deal either. The people voted, I suppose.
        
       | CodeWriter23 wrote:
       | I think any GPL-licensee who charges for support is in no way
       | encumbered by the GPL if they withdraw that support for any
       | reason they choose.
        
       | pamhalpert wrote:
       | Not going to touch the hair on fire tone of this in general...
       | but one thing worth mentioning is I believe the "freeloader"
       | comment meant Rocky, Alma, Oracle and the likes are the
       | freeloaders who are repackaging and RESELLING without
       | contributing anything.
       | 
       | If you read between the lines in 2020, this was the next logical
       | step coming. I think they should have done both changes back in
       | 2020 and put a wider emphasis on the developer program with free
       | subs, and removing pain in the ass subscription limitations which
       | is why people want to use Cent/Rocky/Alma to begin with.
        
         | kelnos wrote:
         | If you build your business on top of GPL software, then this
         | sort of repackaging/reselling is just something you have to
         | live with. Want full control? Build your own OS and license it
         | under the terms you want.
        
         | criddell wrote:
         | > RESELLING without contributing anything
         | 
         | I think you are underestimating the value of providing support
         | to commercial users.
        
           | pamhalpert wrote:
           | So, what Red Hat already offers.... Was Alma and co doing
           | upstream development where they can prove it? Was Oracle
           | patching upstream first or only in oracle linux? Was Rocky
           | offering anything unique, value adding, or were they just
           | copy pasting and selling?
           | 
           | It may sound loaded, but I'm genuinely asking, because from
           | what I've seen the answer in regards to value add is pretty
           | ambiguous.
        
             | 5e92cb50239222b wrote:
             | https://lwn.net/Articles/929582
             | 
             | AFAIK Oracle employs major contributors to btrfs and XFS.
             | I'm mostly interested in filesystems, so I can't speak for
             | other subsystems (seems like they do a decent amount of
             | work on core kernel development -- the really important
             | stuff like schedulers and the memory subsystem -- second
             | place just below Google).
        
               | Conan_Kudo wrote:
               | Oracle Linux is also not a pure RHEL clone. They
               | customize it as they desire and ship it accordingly. For
               | example, they have an alternative kernel for their
               | distribution with different features.
        
               | attentive wrote:
               | But they also have RHEL native kernel version for version
               | if you're to choose to run that instead. It's just that
               | RHEL kernel is usually very old and UEK kernel has more
               | modern features and improvements in it.
               | 
               | Overall while they have some extra packages available
               | they are on top of RHEL clone and you don't have to use
               | them.
        
           | CAP_NET_ADMIN wrote:
           | You mean, the valuable support they are increasingly shifting
           | to Colombia, Philippines and India?
        
             | otterley wrote:
             | [flagged]
        
               | CAP_NET_ADMIN wrote:
               | I'm actually from one of the countries they are moving
               | jobs to, it's very US-centric to see racism whenever
               | someone uses any geographic location that's not the "rich
               | West".
               | 
               | Red Hat had some pretty sizeable layoffs recently and a
               | bulk of their recruiting efforts are in the countries
               | with cheaper labour.
        
               | booleandilemma wrote:
               | And you think these companies are outsourcing to these
               | countries because they just _love_ Colombians, Filipinos,
               | and Indians, right?
        
               | isityouyesitsme wrote:
               | Thinly-veiled racism?
               | 
               | You are conflating geopolitics and economics that could
               | concern someone who could end up being affected by such a
               | trend (which the poster isn't, as they said later) with
               | racism.
               | 
               | Is someone in a given country supposed to be HAPPY that a
               | company founded in their country is intentionally putting
               | support engineers within their founding country out of
               | work, while simultaneously making support a worse
               | experience for users?
               | 
               | Have you ever been in the situation of being on midnight
               | call to the other side of the world while speaking with
               | someone with whom you're having a mutually difficult time
               | communicating? It sucks.
               | 
               | Moving support into localities for better servicing the
               | customer is fine. This isn't the trend. Fuck RH and
               | anyone else who does this.
        
             | pamhalpert wrote:
             | Who cares? Every country has skillful, qualified
             | information technology individuals. Additionally, a quick
             | google search shows it looks like RH does offer US only
             | support if a customer is willing to pay.
             | 
             | https://www.redhat.com/en/resources/security-strict-data-
             | han...
        
         | Geezus_42 wrote:
         | Is there anything to stop RedHat from pulling patches from
         | Rocky? Is Rocky's code not available? Rocky isn't doing
         | anything that CentOS (and RedHat project) isn't as far as I
         | know.
        
           | pamhalpert wrote:
           | The problem isn't Red Hat getting them, the problem is a
           | Rocky "customer" would have to just wait for Red Hat to
           | release the patch and then wait for rocky to re-build, and re
           | release.
        
       | lowercased wrote:
       | I wish I could get rid of RHEL. Forced to use it - and pay
       | through the nose - with a state agency I'm doing contract work
       | for.
        
       | rafaelturk wrote:
       | What are my alternatives?
        
       | jmclnx wrote:
       | >Red Hat seems to be upping the limit to 240 sockets per
       | developer as of this writing
       | 
       | -- EDIT: I read twitter, seems it _may_ mean number of machines
       | as opposed to open sockets. But a very confusing post.
       | 
       | I stopped with RHEL 2 months ago at work, I use Slackware at
       | home.
       | 
       | What does that quote mean, if I get a RHEL developer license, am
       | I limited to the number of open sockets ? That almost goes back
       | to the per user licenses in the old UNIX Days. If I ever had to
       | use RHEL, I would now say no just because of this.
        
         | keeler wrote:
         | > I use Slackware at home.
         | 
         | Slackware was my first distro decades ago, and I have lots of
         | fond memories learning Linux with it. How is it these days?
         | What makes it your distro of choice at home in 2023?
        
           | 2b3a51 wrote:
           | From my end user perspective Slackware 15.0 works fine - up
           | to date(ish) packages with what might be described as
           | 'conservative' (old school) administration. For server use it
           | might be best to have a look at the Slackware forum...
           | 
           | https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/slackware-14/
           | 
           | and perhaps post a few questions once you have evaluated the
           | basic OS.
           | 
           | Build scripts for software outside of base is at
           | 
           | http://slackbuilds.org/
           | 
           | There are various third party scripts for automating
           | installation for software outside of the base.
        
           | systems_glitch wrote:
           | Not OP, but: stable, with up-to-date packages. Configuration
           | and maintenance does not change drastically between versions
           | (there's a paper manual, it's on its second revision).
           | 
           | I can be heads-down on something for months and not run
           | updates, and then run them and they apply fine and don't hose
           | anything.
           | 
           | Long support for releases, both officially and on
           | slackbuids.org
        
             | jmclnx wrote:
             | Plus, IIRC, Slackware may provide custom support for
             | unsupported releases for a fee.
             | 
             | >If for some reason you are unable to upgrade or handle
             | your own security patches, limited security support may be
             | available for a fee.
             | 
             | From
             | https://slackware.osuosl.org/slackware-11.0/ChangeLog.txt
        
         | buzer wrote:
         | > am I limited to the number of open sockets
         | 
         | I assume they mean CPU sockets.
        
           | yrro wrote:
           | In Red Hat Subscription Management I can see that each
           | entitlement for the "Red Hat Developer Subscription for
           | Individuals" product is good for a system with up to 128
           | sockets. And you get 16 (or possibly 240, or possibly this is
           | a bug) entitlements.
        
           | jmclnx wrote:
           | I was thinking the same, if so that is a direct line to how
           | AIX is provisioned, limitations on use and pay more to get
           | more.
           | 
           | I the author of the post says, time stop RHEL support. I
           | wonder if/when the FSF will weigh in.
        
             | jmclnx wrote:
             | >TYPO: I the author of the post says
             | 
             | I meant to say:
             | 
             |  _Like_ the author of the post says
        
         | systems_glitch wrote:
         | Slackware ftw. Came back to Slackware on pretty much all
         | workstations/laptops around 10 years ago. Some servers are also
         | running it but mostly I've switched to OpenBSD.
        
       | kkielhofner wrote:
       | Why not extend to Fedora? At the risk of starting a distro
       | religious war...
       | 
       | After many years away from the RedHat ecosystem I recently tried
       | to stand up Fedora 37 and 38 to test it with Willow Inference
       | Server.
       | 
       | After hours and hours of poor and conflicting docs, random
       | stability issues, various additional software repos of
       | questionable quality, etc I gave up and proclaimed it officially
       | unsupported.
       | 
       | Why anyone would want to waste their time being a tester for a
       | commercial product is very strange to me when there is Debian and
       | even Arch which (for a rolling release) seems to be substantially
       | more stable, better documented, etc.
       | 
       | I understand why it exists and it has its place but absent a few
       | specific scenarios I have no idea why it would be a first choice
       | for anyone.
        
         | chasil wrote:
         | Oracle appears to have substantial influence over AlmaLinux at
         | this point:
         | 
         | "In the immediate term, our plan is to pull from CentOS Stream
         | updates and Oracle Linux updates to ensure security patches
         | continue to be released."
         | 
         | I would be curious to know if Rocky will do the same, and what
         | this will mean for binary RHEL compatibility and the direction
         | of these platforms.
        
           | jonathanspw wrote:
           | Did you miss the part about careful curation to ensure it's
           | still 1:1 RHEL and not with any extra Oracle stuff, etc.?
           | 
           | Oracle has no influence over AlmaLinux.
        
         | 5e92cb50239222b wrote:
         | Fedora has been one of the most stable distributions I've ever
         | used (I used it as my main system for ~6 years, but moved to
         | another distribution now for unrelated reasons). It's also
         | mostly developed by the community -- Red Hat provides the
         | infrastructure, but not much actual development.
        
         | noirscape wrote:
         | Fedoras big strength is the update speed.
         | 
         | The problem with distros is that you're always picking an
         | update cycle tradeoff. Debian has decades old versions of
         | packages that they'll backport security fixes into till pretty
         | much the end of time (RHEL also does this but is well,
         | commercially backed while Debian is entirely volunteer driven,
         | which has opened up Debian to maintainer shenanigans a couple
         | of times).
         | 
         | Ubuntu is more up-to-date by virtue of simply importing the
         | Debian backports repo every 9 months.
         | 
         | Arch Linux meanwhile runs on "whatever the latest upstream is",
         | and with that you have pretty much 90% of the actively used
         | Linux distros covered.
         | 
         | All of these models are untenable for someone who likes to stay
         | up-to-date with the latest version but doesn't want to drop
         | down into the occasional shell hell that Arch provides.
         | 
         | Fedora kinda... sits in the middle of that. It updates to
         | latest version every 6 months, has a generally sane-ish release
         | cycle that follows the most popular scripting language (Fedoras
         | cycle is specifically staggered to allow for python releases to
         | coincide with it every other release). That in turn makes it
         | the best OS to recommend for Desktop Linux if you're new to
         | Linux.
         | 
         | As for why not Arch/Debian/Ubuntu for beginners: Arch requires
         | wanting to maintain the OS for the sporadic breakdown or
         | strange default setting (not to mention the shell being an
         | expected skill beyond running package management commands),
         | Debian is too out-of-date to be useful and Ubuntu is only
         | slightly better than Debian.
        
           | PlutoIsAPlanet wrote:
           | > Fedora kinda... sits in the middle of that. It updates to
           | latest version every 6 months
           | 
           | It's even more in the middle, Fedora can update to the latest
           | versions of packages as long as its not a major package and
           | its an fairly standalone package. Fedora pulls new kernels as
           | an example.
           | 
           | It's release timetable also suits GNOME, Fedora comes out
           | about a month after every GNOME release, with that version of
           | GNOME.
        
           | diffeomorphism wrote:
           | Just a quick note: debian stable has a new release every two
           | years. So in the very worst case "decades" means like three
           | years. The horror, the humanity, just remembering how
           | software used to be three whole years ago causes me to
           | shudder.
        
             | noirscape wrote:
             | That can still be ages depending on the maintainer spats.
             | 
             | When I say maintainer spats, I'm referring to shit like how
             | avconv was given undue credence for _ages_ because the
             | split happened right around a Debian release and the
             | packager for ffmpeg on Debian was on the avconv side, which
             | caused a false deprecation notice to be present for quite
             | some time.
             | 
             | And yes, with how quick some software moves, two to three
             | years can very much result in a mess of hacks and patches.
        
               | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
               | > And yes, with how quick some software moves, two to
               | three years can very much result in a mess of hacks and
               | patches.
               | 
               | If you don't like the stable release, you could just run
               | testing/unstable.
        
             | iscream26 wrote:
             | > just remembering how software used to be three whole
             | years ago causes me to shudder
             | 
             | Well, yes. I agree with that statement even though you made
             | it facetiously. Backporting security fixes _only_ for bugs
             | that have made enough noise to warrant it is a horribly
             | janky hack. And, just thinking about all the time that has
             | been, in my opinion, _wasted_ on custom code that Debian
             | maintainers have had to write in order to backport fixes
             | makes me shudder.
        
           | pferde wrote:
           | > Debian has decades old versions of packages that they'll
           | backport security fixes into till pretty much the end of time
           | 
           | I don't know what filthy corner of the internet you get this
           | misinformation from, but it is completely wrong. Please stop.
        
             | noirscape wrote:
             | To be clear, I have nothing against them doing that, I'm
             | just saying that this is how Debian generally operates.
             | Their extended support model still allows for backporting
             | fixes into _jessie_ of all things, which released almost 8
             | years ago.
             | 
             | It's really good that they do that, I respect the niche
             | they work in, but Debian has the nasty knock-on effect of
             | having a lot of guides made for it by third parties that
             | recommend really outdated versions of debian which can be a
             | nasty suprise for someone new to Linux.
             | 
             | (It also results in notable forks like Raspbian having a
             | poor update cycle - I remember in particular that it took
             | about 2 years to move from the regular EOL of _wheezy_ to
             | _jessie_.)
        
               | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
               | > Their extended support model still allows for
               | backporting fixes into jessie of all things, which
               | released almost 8 years ago.
               | 
               | So your evidence that they don't update things is that
               | they backport new fixes to an EOL version? Even if that
               | made sense, 8 years is 0.8 decades; I think a lot of the
               | pushback is that you said "decades old versions", which
               | is to say "versions of packages that are at least 20
               | years old", which is wildly out of line with reality.
        
               | iscream26 wrote:
               | It's just rhetorical hyperbole, you're reading too much
               | into it.
        
               | pferde wrote:
               | If that is what you meant in your original post, then you
               | presented it in a very manipulative, dishonest way. You
               | alluded to Debian only offering decades old software
               | versions and nothing newer, while the truth is that by
               | default, users get fairly recent versions (e.g.
               | KDE/Plasma is only one point release behind upstream),
               | and one has to go out of their way and jump through hoops
               | to get a version of Debian with software that is several
               | years (not even a single decade) old.
        
           | alrs wrote:
           | Decades? How many?
        
           | kkielhofner wrote:
           | This middle ground of sorts is what I was alluding to with "a
           | few specific scenarios". From what I recall Fedora is the
           | distro of choice for Linus? So it's clearly not completely
           | terrible and I never said it was. That said, the creator of
           | Linux is about as far as you can get from a typical/average
           | user...
           | 
           | Per usual HN there are plenty of conflicting anecdotal
           | reports and wildly differing perspectives on my position here
           | and as I noted in another reply I absolutely could not care
           | any less when it comes to people selecting the best tool for
           | their purposes/opinion/experience/worldview. Not being
           | steeped in modern Red Hat (I have an RHCE cert for RedHat 8
           | around here somewhere) but having decades of experience
           | across many other distros the difference in experience as a
           | "new user" with Fedora was striking. Also note that "new
           | user" isn't exactly accurate here either - the install
           | process was great, the UI is clean, etc. However, as soon as
           | I got off the beaten path the quality of experience (again,
           | for me personally) dropped to among the poorest I've seen in
           | years with Linux distros.
           | 
           | Back to another anecdote for me, after decades I can count on
           | one hand the number of times I thought "wow I could really
           | stand to have a newer system python release" (as one example)
           | - even when using pretty long in the tooth Ubuntu 20.04.
           | 
           | I'm not saying that doesn't happen and doesn't have it's
           | advantages. It's a good point generally but I'm as confused
           | as I am because it's never been even remotely close to a
           | deal-breaker in my decades of doing all kinds of random stuff
           | (from embedded to desktop to server to cloud). I don't know
           | what people are doing to call them "too out-of-date to be
           | useful" but again that's just me - I'm sure you and others
           | have plenty of reasons for this position. I've just never
           | encountered anything close to it.
           | 
           | Python specifically has such famous and nightmarish packaging
           | and dependency issues I more times than not just throw
           | everything into whatever official release Docker container
           | for the version I need and call it a day. Great? No. Hacky?
           | Yes. Practical? Absolutely.
        
         | freedomben wrote:
         | So you tried to run your app on it and ran into trouble, and
         | you conclude that Fedora is an unstable hunk of shit?
         | 
         | Also, this attitude that Fedora is just a tester for a
         | commercial product is absurd. I suppose this is the same logic
         | that makes CentOS Stream just a "beta" of RHEL (but strangely,
         | these same people don't consider RHEL a "beta" for old CentOS
         | even though consistency would demand this).
         | 
         | Anecdotally, I've used a lot of distros over many years, and
         | Fedora has been _by far_ the most stable and  "just works" of
         | any of them. There were a couple of rough years with the Nvidia
         | driver, but I blame Nvidia for that.
        
           | eredengrin wrote:
           | Same, I distro hopped for a while across various ubuntu and
           | ubuntu derivatives, always ran into weird issues, stability
           | problems, etc (and still do at work where we use ubuntu).
           | Installed fedora eventually and have been using it ever
           | since, outside of a packagekit bug like 7 years ago that
           | didn't clear the cache and ate my disk space, it's been
           | pretty smooth sailing.
        
           | kkielhofner wrote:
           | My conclusion was, essentially, that if I can't get our
           | application to work with Fedora in a way that is practical,
           | approachable, and sustainable for our "average" user it
           | should likely be unsupported. I should also add I was working
           | with at least one person who has a tremendous amount of
           | experience with Fedora and they were taken aback by the whole
           | experience as well. I should also note our application,
           | specifically, (more of a long term support appliance) would
           | likely represent an undue support burden because of the
           | fairly rapid Fedora release cycle. As a random tangent, how
           | is DNF /still/ so ridiculously slow? I don't get it.
           | 
           | Ubuntu/Debian is our main development platform so of course
           | it "just works" there (in addition to various other
           | Debian/Ubuntu derivates). However, when I repeated the same
           | exercise for Arch (as one example) - a distro I have zero
           | experience with - the process was completely painless and we
           | had it implemented and documented in something like 30
           | minutes. Even though it is a rolling release the Arch wiki
           | has substantially better documentation alone than anything I
           | could find in the Fedora ecosystem (random hodgepodge blog
           | posts for the last three major versions).
           | 
           | Again, I've been using Linux near-universally since 1997.
           | I've had these debates (religious flamewars) plenty of times
           | before and I have no interest in rehashing them. That said I
           | don't know how anyone could debate my central point (let
           | alone call it "absurd") - that Fedora is a testing ground for
           | a stable LTS, commercially supported product (and one that
           | with recent events is even more so). This is all right there,
           | clear as day, in the official documentation[0]. So maybe not
           | "absurd"?
           | 
           | I suppose I just don't understand the general preference for
           | Fedora (other than momentum and familiarity) when there are
           | plenty of other choices around where the primary goal is a
           | free, stable, and open release.
           | 
           | On that note - IMO the best thing about open source is
           | choice. Use whatever works for you, why would I care? I do
           | not.
           | 
           | [0] - https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/fedora-
           | and-r...
        
           | christophilus wrote:
           | I agree with this assessment. Happy Fedora user here, but I
           | am a bit nervous about the I Mification of RedHat and the
           | potential long term ramifications for Fedora.
        
             | christophilus wrote:
             | No idea why iOS corrected "ramifications" to "I
             | Mification". Too late to edit, though.
        
           | fariszr wrote:
           | Old CentOS wasn't downstream from RHEL, it was a clone. While
           | stream is upstream for RHEL.
        
             | freedomben wrote:
             | Yes it was a "clone", but it was "downstream". In fact Alma
             | themselves just a couple days ago in their post pointed out
             | the CentOS Stream is "upstream" while Alma is "downstream"
             | of RHEL. CentOS always lagged RHEL by a little bit of time.
             | Big security things it was usually days, but other times
             | could be weeks or even months on new minor version
             | increases. The only way for it be just a clone would be to
             | near-instant rebuild, which has never been the case.
        
       | peoplearepeople wrote:
       | Redhat will simply find themselves not supported if none of the
       | open source projects can run CI against their distro.
        
         | chudsandbedbugs wrote:
         | [dead]
        
       | throwawayyy9237 wrote:
       | I hope I'm not misunderstanding this, but isn't the current
       | arrangement perfectly valid under GPL? GPL states:
       | 
       | - If I provided _modified_ binaries
       | 
       | - I also have to provide the sources
       | 
       | That's what's happening now for people that can download the
       | binaries.
       | 
       | What happened before was:
       | 
       | - _Anyone_ could download the sources
       | 
       | (Not a GPL requirement).
       | 
       | So, now, IIUC if you can download the binaries you can download
       | the sources. If you can't download the binaries (not a customer,
       | for instance) you can't download the sources.
       | 
       | The contract termination is not related to GPL in this sense.
        
         | BirAdam wrote:
         | Nah. GPLv3:
         | 
         | > You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise
         | of the rights granted or affirmed under this License. For
         | example, you may not impose a license fee, royalty, or other
         | charge for exercise of rights granted under this License.
         | 
         | Given that there are a mix of licenses in use on Red Hat's
         | distribution, they could be in a world of hurt. There's GPL,
         | GPLv3, LGPL, CDDL, Apache, and so on. These all have different
         | terms. GPLv3 in particular is the one that I think gets legally
         | interesting, and I think it would be a neat court case.
         | 
         | Courts have recently taken up issues like non-compete
         | agreements, and of course the enforceability of various
         | contracts and licenses has always been a topic for interesting
         | court cases. This would be the same way. Is the GPLv3 actually
         | enforceable? Can you legally have a license or contract forcing
         | action on the recipient of a piece of IP?
         | 
         | To say that RH did nothing wrong might actually come down to
         | the legal fund at IBM of course, since courts are neither fair
         | nor free.
        
         | josephcsible wrote:
         | The issue with the GPL isn't about being able to download
         | source code. It's unambiguous that they are complying with that
         | requirement. The issue is the sentence "You may not impose any
         | further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights
         | granted herein." They're violating that by disallowing the
         | people they do give the source code to from publicly mirroring
         | it (on pain of terminating their contract).
        
         | tm-guimaraes wrote:
         | GPL grants you the right to redistribute those binaries and
         | sources. The contract is terminated if you exercise your GPL
         | rights.
         | 
         | One of GPL clauses is that you can't add more restrictions.
         | Terminating a contract seems like a restriction to me.
         | 
         | Also, terminating a contract is very different from not
         | renewing one.
        
       | jrochkind1 wrote:
       | The Software Freedom Conservancy legal analysis of RHEL and GPL
       | that OP links to is the most interesting part to me.
       | https://sfconservancy.org/blog/2023/jun/23/rhel-gpl-analysis...
        
         | BeefySwain wrote:
         | Some discussion yesterday:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36452101
        
         | cryptonector wrote:
         | Wishy-washy language there about skirting lines doesn't make
         | that a very good analysis.
         | 
         | You can use others' GPL code in your products and charge money
         | for it. You have to "publish" the GPL'ed sources (and any
         | sources of yours that derive from GPL'ed code) on demand --
         | publish as in: if someone asks, you have to give it to them,
         | but there's no requirement that there be a public download page
         | or anything like that, and you can send the sources out in DVDs
         | or flash drives or whatever media you like, and you can charge
         | nominal amounts for the media. I.e., you don't have to make it
         | easy to get the sources. And you don't have to provide the
         | built product for free.
         | 
         | You can do a lot within the boundaries of the GPL. If IBM/RH
         | does that, so what?
         | 
         | One can even do this sort of thing w/o GPL. For example,
         | SQLite3 is in the public domain, yet the SQLite Consortium
         | exists and makes what I imagine is good money for D. R. Hipp
         | and his employees with zero competition from forks precisely
         | because SQLite3 is very difficult to credibly fork, and SQLite3
         | is difficult to fork because the better test suite for it is
         | proprietary and secret.
         | 
         | To a business, open source is a tool. Even for individuals,
         | open source is a tool. A young person just starting out and
         | with few resources might make useful software open source so as
         | to gain notoriety and better employment, or even to start a
         | business.
        
           | FireBeyond wrote:
           | Yup. It goes from "These businesses are abusing the GPL and
           | software freedom!" to "Well, they are following the GPL but
           | that doesn't result in what I want!"
           | 
           | This is why we have GPL 2 and 3, for example.
           | 
           | Disclaimer: I work at Red Hat, but nowhere near RHEL.
        
             | jrochkind1 wrote:
             | it's not just an issue of what "I" want, it's an issue of
             | what the GPL is intended to do. If it doesn't result in the
             | four freedoms, but the GPL allows it, then the GPL has
             | failed to do what it was designed to do.
             | 
             | From the text of the GPL itself:
             | 
             | > Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure
             | that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free
             | software (and charge for them if you wish), that you
             | receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you
             | can change the software or use pieces of it in new free
             | programs, and that you know you can do these things.
             | 
             | RedHat is trying to sell software that is licensed under
             | the GPL -- which has to be, because the base of it was
             | written by others and the only reason RedHat is even
             | allowed to use it or sell it is under the GPL -- and try to
             | prevent users from having the freedom to re-distribute the
             | GPL software they received, with or without their own
             | modifications.
             | 
             | They are trying to subvert the GPL. They know they are.
             | That's why they have all this language where they say they
             | aren't intending to limit your rights under the GPL -- it's
             | just that they'll refuse to have you as a customer if you
             | exersize them, that's all.
             | 
             | Whether it is legal or not is a question for laywers. If
             | it's legal, and it succesfully prevents users from
             | redistributing GPL RedHat, then it's an accidental
             | loophole, and has subverted the GPL's intent and design, as
             | stated in the GPL itslef.
        
               | FireBeyond wrote:
               | > and try to prevent users from having the freedom to re-
               | distribute the GPL software they received, with or
               | without their own modifications.
               | 
               | > refuse to have you as a customer if you exersize them,
               | that's all.
               | 
               | refuse to -continue- to have you as a customer, that is.
               | you are still perfectly entitled to the source code of,
               | and distribution thereof, what you purchased.
               | 
               | The GPL doesn't create an obligation that you get
               | continued access to future updates.
               | 
               | I probably should leave the conversation at this point
               | (not because I don't think there's merit in discussing it
               | with you - just don't want to muddy the waters).
        
           | jrochkind1 wrote:
           | The GPL does quite intentionally not require you to provide a
           | public download page (or git access, etc), and this was more
           | or less discussed and a conscious decision by those who came
           | up with the GPL, agreed. Albeit in pre-widespread-internet
           | days when a "public download page" wasn't a thing yet (and
           | the equivalents were much more expensive, thus why they might
           | not have wanted to require that burden). But still. I agree
           | this is more or less intentional and explicit in the GPL.
           | 
           | But that the GPL lets you take GPL software, add your own
           | features on top, sell it, and tell customers that if they
           | redistribute it themselves (as the GPL _explicitly allows_ ),
           | you will refuse to sell them software in the future ever
           | again? Nope nope nope. I think it's not entirely clear if the
           | GPL allows that or not, but if it does, it seems pretty clear
           | to me that it's inadvertant, and not what the GPL was
           | intended to do.
           | 
           | At any rate, this is a different thing, and to me another
           | level of shadiness, than simply pointing out that the GPL
           | does not require an entity to distribute the source via
           | public download links -- this is about the entity trying to
           | _prohibit users from re-distributing the source themselves_ ,
           | and the GPL really was intentionally designed to try and
           | avoid such prohibitions, that's kind of it's whole reason for
           | existing.
        
             | mattl wrote:
             | Don't forget that the FSF was selling binaries as a
             | fundraising opportunity for a while as part of the Deluxe
             | Distribution they'd sell for $5000, and before that
             | Stallman was selling copies of GNU Emacs on tapes for $250.
             | 
             | Selling binaries has always been a business model.
        
               | jrochkind1 wrote:
               | selling binaries, yes.
               | 
               | Trying to prevent people from redistributing the source:
               | no.
               | 
               | (Yes, in an internet world, it's hard to make money
               | selling binaries if people can redistribute source,
               | maybe. the FSF was selling binaries in a different
               | context, for better or worse. You are still welcome to
               | sell binaries. You are even welcome to charge for
               | distribution of source. But the fundamental goal of the
               | GPL is to give users the right to redistribute source
               | without restriction. The FSF never tried to limit that.)
        
             | cryptonector wrote:
             | > But that the GPL lets you take GPL software, add your own
             | features on top, sell it, and tell customers that if they
             | redistribute it themselves (as the GPL explicitly allows),
             | you will refuse to sell them software in the future ever
             | again? Nope nope nope. I think it's not entirely clear if
             | the GPL allows that or not, but if it does, it seems pretty
             | clear to me that it's inadvertant, and not what the GPL was
             | intended to do.
             | 
             | Does "Nope nope nope" answer the first question with "no",
             | but then the "I think it's not entirely clear if the GPL
             | allows that or not" answer it with "maybe"? Or was the
             | "nope" think just a wish? I believe the GPL is silent on
             | that. You might be right that this would be an inadvertent
             | loophole, but as you know, it's not trivial to fix this
             | sort of problem.
        
               | jrochkind1 wrote:
               | Nope nope nope means this is a different quality of
               | thing, the things you are trying to put in the same
               | category are in different categories.
               | 
               | the GPL, by it's own text explaining itself, is intended
               | to ensure that users of GPL software always have the
               | right to re-distribute it. It says that right in it.
               | 
               | If your point is that IBM has enough lawyers and money to
               | prevent users from redistributing GPL software, and they
               | may have figured out how to exersize a loophole that will
               | be difficult to do anything about it, especially cause of
               | all those lawyers and money... right, indeed, sure.
               | 
               | If you are suggesting that we should all consider this
               | just fine, and you don't care what the GPL intended to
               | do, and you don't think anyone else should either, and we
               | should all aspire to make money by getting away with
               | subverting the GPL... okay, thanks for sharing? But as
               | for me: nope nope nope.
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | > If your point is that IBM has enough lawyers and money
               | to prevent users from redistributing GPL software, and
               | they may have figured out how to exersize a loophole that
               | will be difficult to do anything about it, especially
               | cause of all those lawyers and money... right, indeed,
               | sure.
               | 
               | It's not. The that IBM has here is that they're doing is
               | not lawyers and money, it's that their customers depend
               | on them -- vendor lock-in if you wish.
               | 
               | > If you are suggesting that we should all consider this
               | just fine, and you don't care what the GPL intended to
               | do, and you don't think anyone else should either, and we
               | should all aspire to make money by getting away with
               | subverting the GPL... okay, thanks for sharing? But as
               | for me: nope nope nope.
               | 
               | I'm suggesting something else entirely. First, that if
               | IBM is legally right but you/we/they don't like it,
               | there's voting with wallets, or sucking it up if you're
               | stuck with IBM. Second, I'm suggesting that open source
               | is a business tool for everyone from a poor individual to
               | a multi-billion company -- a tool rather than an end in
               | itself.
               | 
               | Now, I agree that open source as an end is fun ("look
               | ma', what code I wrote!"), but people still need to put
               | food on the table. Just like fine art, where artists want
               | total freedom of expression, but often produce the kinds
               | of art that will sell well because... it's nice to not be
               | dependent on charity. Even back in the days when artists
               | had _patrons_ , they still had to appeal to the patrons'
               | tastes, and if they wanted to revolutionize art they had
               | to convince the patrons that that was a good thing.
        
               | redundantly wrote:
               | > people still need to put food on the table
               | 
               | IBM has no problem putting food on its table. It's doing
               | so by using open source products to accomplish it.
               | 
               | On the other hand, IBM is trying to prevents others from
               | putting food on their tables, using the same open source
               | products.
               | 
               | IBM is painting themselves as the victim here[1]. You and
               | many others have taken the bait.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.redhat.com/en/blog/red-hats-commitment-
               | open-sour...
        
               | jrochkind1 wrote:
               | If using open source while putting food on the table is
               | incompatible with the freedom for users to redistribute
               | open source software, than the aims of the GPL has
               | failed.
               | 
               | Which is possible.
               | 
               | Where we disagree is that you are trying to summarize
               | them all as the same thing -- either you are doing
               | something that violates the license in a way that can be
               | enforced in court, or it's all just the same category of
               | doing what the license allows as a tool while putting
               | food on the table.
               | 
               | The difference, I am suggesting, within that category, is
               | simply that the GPL was very specifically designed to
               | allow users of GPL software to redistribute that software
               | without restriction, and Red Hat is trying to prevent
               | this, while using GPL'd software.
               | 
               | It's as simple as that. This makes it different than just
               | any generic "I'm within the letter of the license while
               | trying to maximize the profit I can make from using this
               | open source".
               | 
               | Whether it is within the license or not is not clear,
               | only a court can decide.
               | 
               | Whether it violates the intent of the GPL is pretty
               | clear, it says so right in the GPL.
               | 
               | Of course, nobody has to care about the intent of the
               | GPL, but you don't have to consider open source an "end
               | and not a tool" to care about the intent of the GPL. The
               | choice is not just "I think open source is a political
               | movement rather than tool", vs "I am fine with companies
               | using GPL software to do things the GPL's whole reason
               | for existing is to prevent, if that's what they need to
               | do to maximize their profit, cause we're all just
               | maximizing our profit here, whatever you can get away
               | with is fine."
               | 
               | Open source is a tool, and GPL open source is a tool that
               | preserves the right to modify and/or redistribute it,
               | which is why some people choose to use it or license
               | under it. I do understand that those rights are of no
               | concern to you, right.
        
       | tomohawk wrote:
       | Our team has seen 2 breaking changes in the past month from RH
       | that caused problems in production. One in RHEL7 and one in
       | RHEL8. It's definitely making us question the wisdom of the RHEL
       | LTS approach. The LTS part is not what we're seeing.
        
         | pnutjam wrote:
         | Same, RHEL says you should be compatible against all minor
         | versions and it doesn't matter if it's 8.5 or 8.6. Upgrades can
         | happen without you noticing, but our software would only run on
         | specific minor versions without investing time and development
         | energy. Several installs I've worked on required an OS rebuild
         | because the version crept into an unsupported minor version.
        
       | liv-io wrote:
       | For all the RHEL to Debian refugees, here are some Ansible roles.
       | I made the jump when they killed CentOS:
       | 
       | https://github.com/liv-io/ansible-roles-debian
        
       | fariszr wrote:
       | > [^1] Red Hat seems to be upping the limit to 240 sockets per
       | developer as of this writing, but nothing official has been
       | announced yet.
       | https://twitter.com/fareszr/status/1673145072714665984
       | 
       | Hey I'm the one who wrote that tweet.
       | 
       | Mike, who first noted this on Mastodon, just updated his tweet
       | (toot?) to say that his contacts at Red hat confirmed that this
       | is a bug, the dev Subscription is still limited to 16 servers.
        
       | belltaco wrote:
       | If the SFC loses this case I wonder if this will lead to the
       | creation and mass adoption of GPL v4 explicitly forbidding this
       | loophole(and others which have popped up over the years).
        
       | freedomben wrote:
       | I don't think this sort of emotional, loose-facted "hot take"
       | style response is real constructive. I'm unhappy about this
       | decision by Red Hat, and am also very concerned about the
       | trajectory RH is on. For the first time in well over a decade I'm
       | re-evaluating which ecosystem to base all my work (and the
       | company(ies) for who I make decisions). I don't believe that Red
       | Hat's leadership cares a whole lot about open source anymore. If
       | they do, they've demonstrated that they are willing to harm open
       | source in order to (short-term at least) increase sales.
       | (congrats salespeople, you finally won and killed CentOS. And
       | congrats to all the people who used to tell the salesperson "I
       | can run CentOS for free, why should I buy RHEL?")
       | 
       | But that said, as far as I know, _one guy_ used the term
       | "freeloaders" and the context wasn't clear at all who he was
       | talking about, and certainly not clear whether that is one
       | person's opinion or the company's opinion. I find it incredibly
       | unlikely that he was talking about people who used CentOS and
       | actually contributed to the community. But either way,
       | attributing that to Red Hat as a whole is completely unfair and
       | unproductive. Every big organization is going to have at least
       | one person with an opinion they don't agree with, and painting
       | the entire org with the brush of one person is fallacious.
       | 
       | What's the goal here? Is it to polarize into good and evil sides?
       | Get people to dig in and defend their ground for fear of the
       | "other side" seizing their words or decisions and holding it over
       | them?
       | 
       | I like a lot of OP's content, but I am a little worried that he's
       | a little too immersed in the Youtube success formula of tapping
       | into emotions (particularly rage and anger) and it's driving him
       | to a very emotional take on this issue.
        
         | barbariangrunge wrote:
         | I'm personally impressed that Fedora is fully open source while
         | being released by a for-profit company. I would have expected,
         | when learning about this ecosystem, for Red Hat releases to be
         | proprietary for 5 years, and then have those versions switch to
         | a FOSS license, just as a way to ensure they can monetize their
         | work. But Red Hat, at least in the past, sounds like they did
         | something amazing, being able to go foss at the same time as
         | making money.
         | 
         | I understand the red hat distro itself has stricter terms
         | 
         | Not sure how they will fare under IBM, but the history of this
         | company is pretty cool. I'd love to read more, if somebody
         | knows of a really good article or writeup
        
           | onedognight wrote:
           | > I'm personally impressed that Fedora is fully open source
           | while being released by a for-profit company
           | 
           | You shouldn't be. Fedora is a community project. RedHat,
           | while a huge contributor, does not maintain all the packages
           | therein.
           | 
           | In the end, RHEL is a fork of Fedora so it's reasonable for
           | the contributors to Fedora to annoyed by this change in the
           | ability to make OS rebuilds of RHEL.
        
           | pak9rabid wrote:
           | It's not too surprising when you realize that Fedora is
           | really just a testbed for future RHEL iterations, once the
           | packages involved have been field-tested and hardened. It's
           | similar to how Debian branches progress (unstable -> test ->
           | stable).
        
         | Kaytaro wrote:
         | This is like the tech communities version of the Ellen drama.
         | Ellen is far from the worst person in Hollywood and Red Hat is
         | far from the worst ISV, but because they've built their image
         | on being the "good guy" anything they do contrary to that
         | elicits a strong emotional reaction.
        
         | danieldk wrote:
         | Regardless whether Red Hat said it or not, why not call it what
         | it is? Not every CentOS user was a freeloader and the same is
         | true for its spiritual successors. However, a large majority of
         | CentOS users were not contributing back in any way to CentOS or
         | the larger FLOSS community. Secondly, a substantial chunk of
         | those users used CentOS because they wanted all the benefits of
         | Red Hat EL without paying for it.
         | 
         | That pretty much sounds like _freeloading_ to me. Copyleft open
         | source licenses allow freeloading [1], but they also allow Red
         | Hat to gate source code. As long as they fulfill the license
         | obligations towards their customers, it 's fine.
         | 
         | Red Hat puts enormous amounts of money in the FLOSS ecosystem,
         | I think it's completely fair for them to nudge customers with
         | deep-enough pockets to pay for subscriptions. For other users,
         | there are plenty of other options.
         | 
         | [1] For non-copyleft licenses, Red Hat are of course not
         | obliged to provide source code.
        
           | LexiMax wrote:
           | > As long as they fulfill the license obligations towards
           | their customers, it's fine.
           | 
           | This cannot be stressed enough. If we are unhappy with this
           | outcome, maybe we should be taking another look at the
           | licenses we choose when we release our work to the world.
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | Don't underestimate the impact that even someone using CentOS
           | and not contributing back can still have. It's still a person
           | or group of people learning the Red Hat way. Lots of people
           | (myself included) started on CentOS, and later bought RHEL
           | when the need came up because I was already super familiar
           | with RHEL because of my years on CentOS.
           | 
           | Increasing proliferation of usage is a huge factor in driving
           | growth.
        
             | evan1107 wrote:
             | Based on what I can tell Red Hat agrees with that and has
             | gone through great efforts to invest in and evolve the
             | CentOS project. The current state of the project is CentOS
             | stream which is still a LTS enterprise distribution and has
             | an efficient dev cycle that prevents the delays seen in
             | years past. Doesn't centos stream fill the niche you are
             | describing?
        
               | freedomben wrote:
               | It comes close, but doesn't fill the niche because
               | according to Red Hat, CentOS Stream should _not_ be used
               | in production. People do and for the most part they have
               | no issues, but as long as the maintainers themselves are
               | telling people not to run it in production, I would never
               | recommend somebody to use it for serious workloads. And
               | if you can 't use it for serious workloads, then you
               | should invest your time into a different ecosystem that
               | _can_ be used for serious workloads.
        
               | WesolyKubeczek wrote:
               | What do they do there so it's suddenly not suitable?
               | Introduce bugs on purpose? Break dependencies just so?
               | Put in insecure defaults? If you are not an organization
               | that requires an actual compliance department to be able
               | to work for governments and the military, how is it
               | different?
               | 
               | People have been doing this, or running Ubuntu LTS
               | without Pro or other forms of paid support from
               | Canonical.
        
               | symlinkk wrote:
               | If you're running something in production you're almost
               | certainly making money off of it, so maybe you should
               | send some of that money to RedHat for licenses?
        
               | freedomben wrote:
               | > _If you're running something in production you're
               | almost certainly making money off of it_
               | 
               | That is an _extremely_ incorrect premise. There are tons
               | of things in production that people don 't make money on.
               | Tons of new products don't make money for many years. And
               | even if it _is_ profitable, profit margins are often thin
               | and RHEL is _not_ cheap.
               | 
               | I have about 10 services in public-facing production
               | right now (on Alma), and only one is profitable, and that
               | runs in a container anyway (the host is not RHEL, just my
               | container). I also have about a dozen or so
               | personal/private services that I use for myself and my
               | family. Those don't make any money either, I spend about
               | $80 per month to run them. If I had to pay for a RHEL
               | license for each of those, I'd just have to shut them
               | down.
               | 
               | Which seems more reasonable to you: move my life to a
               | different base that _does_ support my niche, or shut
               | everything down?
        
           | awill wrote:
           | The term freeloading is stupid.
           | 
           | There are customers who genuinely don't need and don't want
           | support. And there are customers who do need support and
           | should pay for it.
           | 
           | It's that simple. Don't bundle them together as all
           | freeloaders.
        
             | Crabber wrote:
             | Redhat offers self-supported versions though, for half the
             | price.
        
           | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
           | > a large majority of CentOS users were not contributing back
           | in any way to CentOS or the larger FLOSS community
           | 
           | So what? There is no obligation to contribute back in any
           | way.
        
             | danieldk wrote:
             | Which is exactly what I said. The license does not require
             | you to contribute back. The license also does not require
             | Red Hat to give you the source code, unless they distribute
             | the binaries to you (through their subscription service).
        
               | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
               | The difference is that RedHat changed the status quo.
               | Perhaps not illegal but worthy of complaint and contempt.
        
           | Pet_Ant wrote:
           | > That pretty much sounds like freeloading to me.
           | 
           | I'll bite. The value in RHEL was supposed to be in the
           | support. CentOS helped establish and maintain RHEL as the
           | defacto standard that everyone targetted and prevent the
           | development of another. I mean if Debian becomes the default
           | that actual reduces RHEL's value proposition for their paying
           | customers. Reinforcing a platform's dominance is contributing
           | value.
        
             | jzb wrote:
             | "CentOS helped establish and maintain RHEL as the defacto
             | standard"
             | 
             | Not exactly. Maintain, perhaps, but Red Hat Linux was the
             | standard before RHEL existed and everybody wanted a clone
             | of Red Hat AS/RHEL to continue enjoying the free ride.
             | 
             | Let's also not forget that CentOS had a rocky (no pun
             | intended) few years before Red Hat stepped in later on. A
             | lot of folks gloss over the fact that there were periods of
             | disarray with CentOS that involved some long gaps between
             | updates, a whole kerfuffle about a founder disappearing and
             | the domain ownership being in question...
             | 
             | CentOS, as a project independent of Red Hat, existed for
             | about 10 years. This included several long periods of slow
             | updates to minor versions and long waits for major versions
             | of RHEL. (e.g. it took almost 3 months for CentOS to push
             | out 5.6 after RHEL 5.6, and even longer to get CentOS 6 out
             | of RHEL 6).
             | 
             | Before Red Hat took over CentOS a chief point of criticism
             | was that CentOS took too long to update and the core group
             | wouldn't let new folks in to contribute. (See:
             | https://lwn.net/Articles/435744/ and https://web.archive.or
             | g/web/20190402181426/http://www.linux-...)
             | 
             | Now, users have Stream which is pretty much everything
             | you'd have wanted _except_ the ability to claim that it 's
             | exactly specific RHEL release. In my book a major
             | improvement, unless what I want is the ability to get
             | support for RHEL from vendors without actually paying for
             | RHEL.
        
               | ndiddy wrote:
               | A CentOS Stream release only gets updates as long as its
               | equivalent RHEL release is in its "full support" period.
               | In practice, this means that the support duration is cut
               | from 10 years to 5 years.
               | 
               | Additionally, CentOS Stream updates often lag behind RHEL
               | updates. This is because Red Hat won't commit an
               | embargoed security update to CentOS Stream until after it
               | ships in RHEL, so the developers responsible for the
               | update will sometimes forget to commit it to CentOS
               | Stream until a week or two after it's shipped. You end up
               | in a weird position where you get most updates faster
               | than RHEL users, but you often have to wait to get
               | critical security updates. I would be wary about using a
               | system like this in production.
        
               | attentive wrote:
               | That makes CentOS much less useful. Did they lie when
               | they said it's upstream of RHEL?
        
               | vetinari wrote:
               | > forget to commit it to CentOS Stream until a week or
               | two after it's shipped.
               | 
               | Or months, even. See httpd and php right now, and the
               | CVEs solved this year. CentOS Stream doesn't have it,
               | Alma has.
        
           | vbezhenar wrote:
           | License situation is still unclear to me. GPL explicitly does
           | not allow to forbid further redistribution. RedHat does that.
           | I'm not a lawyer, but from a layman PoV this seems sketchy.
        
             | danieldk wrote:
             | IANAL, but that doesn't mean that Red Hat does have to give
             | you the source code. They only have to provide the source
             | code to customers to which they distribute the binaries. Of
             | course, for GPL code, their customers could redistribute
             | the source code.
             | 
             | AFAIK, the current kerfuffle is about providing RHEL source
             | packages through git.centos.org. They currently only
             | provide RHEL through a subscription and they fulfill the
             | GPL if they offer their RHEL subscribers the source code.
        
               | error503 wrote:
               | >Of course, for GPL code, their customers could
               | redistribute the source code.
               | 
               | The fact that the subscription agreement does not allow
               | this is exactly what we're discussing here.
        
               | happymellon wrote:
               | The GPL does not say that they are obligated to sell you
               | the next version.
               | 
               | The entire point of the GPL is to let you own the
               | software you have bought and, examine, learn and change.
               | 
               | The rule Red Hat have brought in is that if you exercise
               | that right then they don't want to continue selling their
               | software to you. That is totally within their rights,
               | it's not like they are suing you for illegal
               | distribution.
        
               | houseofzeus wrote:
               | It doesn't prevent you redistributing what you have
               | already been given (binaries or source), it does however
               | allow Red Hat to not give you future iterations.
        
               | error503 wrote:
               | They can't prevent you, because that would violate the
               | GPL. However I'd say getting your subscription revoked as
               | a penalty means it is not 'allowed'.
               | 
               | The intent of the GPL to allow distribution to third
               | parties seems pretty clear, and a company refusing to
               | deal with you after you exercised a right explicitly
               | granted by the licence definitely seems like a 'dick
               | move', despite being legal.
        
             | nolist_policy wrote:
             | I'm not going to analyze if this is illegal or not (I don't
             | think it is). It has been discussed elsewhere already.
             | 
             | But even if it where illegal, the only people in a position
             | to sue would be the contributors of the upstream projects
             | that get packaged into RHEL. And I don't see anyone having
             | the appetite for that.
             | 
             | I contribute a lot to QEMU and there I'm practically
             | working side-by-side with redhat devs. They contribute so
             | much (maintainership, code review, testing infrastructure
             | and much more), suing them wouldn't occur to me in the
             | slightest.
        
               | asmor wrote:
               | Don't think of it as suing your coworkers, think of it as
               | suing your coworkers corporporate overlords?
        
               | freedomben wrote:
               | I think you're missing GP's point (or possibly I am but I
               | don't think so). They aren't saying they are buddies and
               | so they wouldn't want to sue. They are saying "Red Hat
               | pays a lot of people to work on this, possibly to the
               | point where the project would be dead without them.
               | They're not just packaging up somebody else's code and
               | shipping it"
               | 
               | I adamantly agree with GP. There are important projects
               | that wouldn't exist without Red Hat, or if they did they
               | would pale in comparison to the proprietary solutions and
               | wouldn't be seriously used. Qemu/KVM is a big one.
               | Without Red Hat's investment, it would all be VMware and
               | anyone wanting to (seriously)_virtualize on Linux would
               | be using VMware.
        
           | ikiris wrote:
           | How much is red hat paying kernel developers not directly on
           | its payroll again?
           | 
           | They're the freeloaders.
        
         | 255 wrote:
         | This article is almost identical to the YouTube video just
         | released, which I think partially explains the tone / style.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kF5pyVUQBH8
        
         | redundantly wrote:
         | > But that said, as far as I know, one guy used the term
         | "freeloaders" and the context wasn't clear at all who he was
         | talking about
         | 
         | One guy? The sentiment of CentOS users being freeloaders is
         | shared by a lot of people, inside and outside of IBM.
         | 
         | I remember when the original announcement came out that CentOS
         | was being killed in favour of CentOS Stream. Lots of IBM (Red
         | Hat) employees were defending the change by painting CentOS
         | users as getting a paid product for free. Lots of people here
         | on Hacker News and Reddit and other places were defending it as
         | well.
         | 
         | Don't try to rewrite history.
        
           | tcmart14 wrote:
           | The sad part is the short nearsightedness. I know tons of
           | RHEL engineers who only got into RHEL because they could
           | essentially learn large parts of RHEL for free on CentOS and
           | then go on to work professionally on RHEL. I also understand
           | that a lot of courses to become official RHEL
           | engineers/sysadmins use CentOS for the classes.
        
         | solarkraft wrote:
         | > I don't think this sort of emotional, loose-facted "hot take"
         | style response is real constructive
         | 
         | I do. A basic pedagogic principle is that conditioning works
         | better the closer the consequence is to the action.
         | 
         | They _should_ be afraid of backlash at every turn.
         | 
         | People must be ready to actually walk away, otherwise you get
         | into a Reddit-type situation in which everything ends up just
         | like before.
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | > _A basic pedagogic principle is that conditioning works
           | better the closer the consequence is to the action._
           | 
           | > _They should be afraid of backlash at every turn._
           | 
           | > _People must be ready to actually walk away, otherwise you
           | get into a Reddit-type situation in which everything ends up
           | just like before_
           | 
           | I actually agree with all of that, but I don't think the hot
           | take gets us there. You can have backlash and people walking
           | away, while staying fact-based and even tempered. In fact I
           | think that's _far_ more effective because then (Red Hat in
           | this case) will see the logical connection. If it 's just
           | emotional stuff then it's easy to dismiss the quitters as
           | irrational fringe people that aren't reasonable anyway (and I
           | don't think that's far off from the reality).
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | Geerling is very good at getting his content to the top of
         | lists. I had the same sentiments you have at the second post on
         | this issue with Redhat. Occasionally, he'll post something that
         | piques my interest, but most of the time his YT style
         | "marketing" is just too over the top. I know he's doing it
         | specifically to get those metrics, and I hope it works for him
         | and the audience it gathers is what he's looking for. Since he
         | doesn't change, I assume it is. I'm sure he sleeps at night
         | just fine
        
         | dmix wrote:
         | > But that said, as far as I know, one guy used the term
         | "freeloaders" and the context wasn't clear at all who he was
         | talking about, and certainly not clear whether that is one
         | person's opinion.
         | 
         | Yeah, Red Hat wasn't the one that called them "freeloaders",
         | this was language The Register used in an article:
         | 
         | >> Having given the move time to successfully eliminate most of
         | the clones, Red Hat then killed off its own official free
         | version of its paid-for flagship product. Instead, it switched
         | to offering a free test version, an announcement which it made
         | accompanied with lots of positive-sounding language about
         | community involvement, and so on. In fact, what it was really
         | doing was cutting off those that might be seen, from its
         | perspective, as a bunch of freeloaders. The move was
         | accompanied with free production deployment of RHEL for
         | developers - but only up to 16 machines.
         | 
         | https://www.theregister.com/2023/06/23/red_hat_centos_move/
        
           | lproven wrote:
           | Hi there. I am the author of the Register article that you
           | quote:
           | 
           | > this was language The Register used in an article
           | 
           | So, in response to that, I'd like to point out a few things.
           | 
           | 1. This is, I feel, now widely and well-established language
           | in this discussion. For example, note its use in the comments
           | to this article about the discontinuation of CentOS Linux
           | three years ago: https://blog.centos.org/2020/12/future-is-
           | centos-stream/
           | 
           | 2. Others are using it in the context of this story; for
           | example, here: https://fosspost.org/red-hat-is-shooting-
           | itself-in-the-foot-...
           | 
           | 3. The direct personal reason that I used the phrase "a bunch
           | of freeloaders" is that this is a Douglas Adams quotation, or
           | rather, paraphrase. I am not an especially big name, but
           | those who do know my name may recognise it: I was once the
           | president of ZZ 9 Plural Z alpha, the official Douglas Adams
           | appreciation society. I was interviewed quite widely in media
           | around the world at the time that the Hitchhikers Guide to
           | the Galaxy film came out. I used the phrase in order to refer
           | to the Douglas Adams line about "a taxi service for a bunch
           | of degenerate freeloaders." For reasons which I trust are
           | obvious I removed the adjective.
        
             | vogon_laureate wrote:
             | If we're very lucky, will Red Hat read some poetry to us
             | first?
        
             | OnlyMortal wrote:
             | So amazingly primitive they even think a digital watch is a
             | pretty neat idea.
        
           | geerlingguy wrote:
           | There have been two instances I have seen where the word
           | 'freeloader' was used by someone internally at Red Hat.
           | 
           | And there are a number of examples in public comments (one
           | recently in the Fedora mailing list[1]) where you can easily
           | substitute the phrase 'freeloader' for a longer description
           | of the downstream communities. The same sentiment comes
           | across either way.
           | 
           | [1] https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/devel@lists
           | .fe...
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | egberts1 wrote:
       | Embrace, engulf, extinguish.
       | 
       | Looking at you as well, systemd and Pottering.
       | 
       | I am an embedded engineer and this act of engulfing is also
       | stifling me and my effort to provide a reliable and easy-to-
       | maintain Linux/GNU away from the likes of RedHat.
        
       | WaitWaitWha wrote:
       | I was quite upset with the abandonment of CentOS. Now RHEL is
       | pushing even more. But, let's forget the ethical quandary they
       | walked into.
       | 
       | As others pointed out, this is self-defeating business direction.
       | 
       | Vast majority of government Linux systems in several countries
       | was CentOS and RHEL. Lot of the improvement can be directly
       | traced to FOSS improvements, outside of RHEL. Majority of the
       | recommendations to use Cent & RHEL in government systems came
       | from the users and developers.
       | 
       | It is clear today that users & developers (aka customers or
       | consumers) _can_ make serious impact to a brand by simply
       | refusing to do business with the organization that upset them.
       | 
       | Pivoting from CentOS/RHEL to another distro is significantly
       | easier then pivoting from a tangible product or store.
        
       | MDGeist wrote:
       | IBM trying to shake some loose change out of Red Hat users and
       | copying Elastic's homework with the licensing switcheroo?
        
       | Anon_Forever wrote:
       | RHEL isn't a choice for a lot of us. If you work in
       | finserv/government (especially DoD), many/most of the time RHEL
       | is effectively the only option.
        
         | dmix wrote:
         | That probably won't change will it?
        
           | Anon_Forever wrote:
           | Probably not, at least not initially. Hopefully we see more
           | usage of distros like Alpine out in the security field.
        
             | pnutjam wrote:
             | Why not SLES?
        
               | Anon_Forever wrote:
               | SLES is worse than RHEL in my eyes. Their support is
               | horrendous, absolutely the worst in the industry. Their
               | early move to btrfs caused so many headaches at client
               | sites. I haven't trusted their technical decision making
               | since.
        
       | xt00 wrote:
       | Could somebody who maintains a particularly important open source
       | software change the license to say basically "you must release
       | your source code to anyone who requests it free of charge whether
       | they are a customer or not"? Yes Redhat is a for profit company,
       | but them deciding to make a business off of software that has
       | licenses that might change to their detriment is their problem.
       | Oh wait is that what they are doing to others now too? Well I
       | guess that's what happens..
        
         | eastbound wrote:
         | Free has never meant monetarily free. Open-source means you can
         | recompile, and thus maintain after the EOL of the provider, and
         | code secrets aren't secret. This is already a step above
         | proprietary software.
         | 
         | For example: Wordpress themes are OSS. You must pay the
         | gatekeeper, but you can inspect the code.
         | 
         | But free lunch is something else. Which OSS developers can also
         | require, I'm not discussing that.
        
           | xt00 wrote:
           | Yea selling an entire OS that consists of a ton of other
           | peoples open source projects--often paid for by other
           | companies to have somebody work on a thing -- then when
           | people say "hey we should get a copy of the small tweaks you
           | did to all of those bits" and they say no, seems like a
           | situation where changing the license on enough critical parts
           | force the OS maker to not withhold the software.
           | 
           | What would stop Redhat from saying "we've decided the only
           | customers we care about will pay us 50k to be a customer,
           | therefore anybody who doesn't pay 50k cannot get source from
           | us.. and anybody distributing the source code owes us 50k.."
        
             | ahtihn wrote:
             | > What would stop Redhat from saying "[...] and anybody
             | distributing the source code owes us 50k.."
             | 
             | The GPL doesn't allow this.
        
             | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
             | When people buy RHEL what are they buying? I always thought
             | that when buying RHEL you are buying their support, build
             | infra, signatures, testing, etc. You're essentially buying
             | the boring stuff- NOT the actual open source code which is
             | available freely to anyone.
        
           | f33d5173 wrote:
           | Open source means you can redistribute the code having
           | received it. If you aren't allowed to do so, the program is
           | 'source-available', not open source.
        
             | neverartful wrote:
             | This is very enlightening! Thanks for sharing it. Ok, I can
             | now see how RH might have backed themselves into a corner
             | with the license.
        
         | zamadatix wrote:
         | You can just as easily change your license to one which does
         | not allow corporate use. This has the same result, the last
         | previously licensed version of your project is forked by
         | corporations. I.e. if your goal is to stop providing free use
         | of your future work you're always welcome to it, but don't hold
         | your breath that these companies will suddenly clamor back as a
         | result.
        
           | Double_a_92 wrote:
           | It won't be exactly the same result. If the license is just
           | not compatible with commercial use, the software just won't
           | be used ever.
           | 
           | But yeah that clause would make it the same, because it's
           | insane to demand that a company has to release _all_ its
           | source code just to use some open source library.
        
       | satish-setty wrote:
       | > They used to have edgy ads quoting Ghandi and ... It's funny
       | they used to be so devoted to that Ghandi quote ...
       | 
       | It is Gandhi, not Ghandi!
        
         | geerlingguy wrote:
         | oops, mis-typed that!
        
       | commandersaki wrote:
       | Glad to see redhat go down the shitter. I was never a fan, but
       | that's not the reason to hate on redhat. Everything is behind a
       | paywall or a license. They just seemed like another Microsoft,
       | especially when they started licensing Linux on at a per CPU core
       | level. I think the only thing going for it is their support, but
       | in my 20 years in the industry I've only ever used vendor support
       | like once or twice, I've usually overcome obstacles on my own. At
       | a previous workplace we had Ubuntu without licensing or support.
       | The company tried to make us switch our infrastructure to redhat
       | because they wanted indemnification. So we instead purchased
       | Ubuntu support/licensing and again - never once did we use it or
       | need it. Virtually everything we built we figured out ourselves.
       | So when it comes to vendor support, I usually don't give a shit.
        
         | flyinghamster wrote:
         | My interest in RHEL+clones waned when a kernel update didn't
         | play nice with ZFS, DKMS notwithstanding, and then dropped to
         | zero when searches for configuration information began to
         | inevitably lead to paywalled pages on Red Hat's site (also a
         | problem for Wildfly vs. JBoss).
        
         | pnutjam wrote:
         | Vendor support is pretty crappy. By the time you're done
         | gathering all the logs and running out the response time clock
         | you've usually figured it out. Then at least half the time they
         | do help, it's wrong because you're environment has some special
         | requirement.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | game_the0ry wrote:
       | Can someone in Red Hat's engineering org walk into the CEO's
       | office and bitch slap the common sense back into them? Bc I am
       | sick of seeing Red Hat being sacrificed to the alter of
       | "shareholder primacy."
        
       | synergy20 wrote:
       | I'm done with everything related to Redhat after Redhat8(no it's
       | not RHEL 8, it's their non-enterprise distro before it's ditched
       | and Fedora was invented as far as I can recall), yes it's about
       | two decades ago.
       | 
       | I since switched to Debian ecosystem, and never looked back. I
       | was pissed off enough to never use any rpm-based distro ever
       | since.
        
         | commandersaki wrote:
         | Yep, don't understand why the hate now and not back then when
         | Redhat commercialised the hell out of everything. Even RH7 was
         | bad trying to push their Satellite crap. However I note back
         | then there was no Ubuntu and Debian was always lagging far far
         | behind.
        
       | dmix wrote:
       | I've heard people on HN say you can't build a huge business off
       | open source. That Red Hat was a one-off.
       | 
       | Maybe this supports the narrative? Assuming it goes poorly I
       | mean.
        
         | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
         | Why? They _did_ have a good thing going; that they then went
         | and decided to shoot their own foot doesn 't invalidate the
         | earlier success.
        
           | dmix wrote:
           | I can't personally judge _yet_ how much this will affect
           | their business, bad for optics and community and all that
           | sure. But regardless the narrative still implies they _were_
           | already successful (aka  "a one-off success"). Businesses
           | rarely last forever. A decade plus of success is still a big
           | success.
           | 
           | The point is more about the extreme difficulty of building
           | for-profit businesses strictly off Linux-style OSS. Where
           | people will pay for premium versions supported by paid dev
           | teams. Otherwise it's just a glorified consulting business
           | and not really an OSS software selling business.
           | 
           | I'd be interested to hear the motivations for doing so.
           | Whether they strong downward financial pressure or were
           | stable + merely wanted more growth.
        
           | tapoxi wrote:
           | Did they shoot themselves in the foot? It was a lot easier
           | selling RHEL licenses when people were running on-prem
           | workloads. These days the support contract many enterprises
           | want is from their cloud provider, not their OS vendor.
        
       | strangescript wrote:
       | I will never understand why someone would choose to use RHL over
       | Debian flavored distro unless you want the enterprise support
       | they provide. In which case, you reap what you sow.
        
         | TillE wrote:
         | Honestly surprised to see so much chat about RHEL here. I'm
         | sure there are reasons to use it, but it seems so niche. Like
         | 90% of cloud stuff is running Debian or Ubuntu.
         | 
         | Given their customer base, I certainly wouldn't be putting any
         | special effort into supporting RHEL unless I was being paid for
         | it.
        
       | throwaway104782 wrote:
       | Just gonna plug Suse that basically does what Red Hat + CentOS
       | (not stream) used to be. Even more so because OpenSuse Leap is
       | now binary compatible, not just source/ bug compatible like the
       | RHEL flavors, the binaries in the Leap repositories are the same
       | ones that are in the SLE repositories and you can switch from
       | Leap to SLE with no issues. Amazing distro, it runs my home lab
       | and would not change it for anything.
        
       | 1oyvey wrote:
       | I 100% support and appreciate Jeff's (and everyone's) right to
       | take a stance when it comes to how they spend their time. We have
       | a finite amount of time available to us, and should spend it on
       | what's important to us, especially as that changes. See Jeff's
       | blog post on "Saying No"[1] that really hits home with why this
       | is important.
       | 
       | What I'm having trouble understanding is the overwhelming use of
       | IBM-related anecdotes (regardless of historical truthiness, and
       | I'm not making any claim that it's wise or unwise to be wary -
       | that's to each their own), reframed statements painted to appear
       | like Red Hat's made brash statements about its community, and the
       | general gall needed to make statements such as "tell your
       | employees to stop [doing a thing]".
       | 
       | I get that this event may have felt like a violation of trust,
       | and that a violation of trust probably hurts the most. To that
       | end, I suppose emotional responses make sense. But it would have
       | been significantly less cognitive load (on ones self, as an open
       | source maintainer/contributor) to just pull your support and move
       | forward.
       | 
       | [1]https://www.jeffgeerling.com/blog/2022/just-say-no
        
       | qa_acc wrote:
       | Nowadays I feel like a fool , why should I do open source
       | contribution? To enrich these big corporation that thank you with
       | that behaviours and pissing a you professional category ?
       | 
       | - They stole your code embedding it in close commercial crap
       | without credits for the authors nor source code publishing;
       | 
       | - They stole your code using it to create AI appliance that are
       | absolutely not intelligent but act like indirection layer to
       | nullify the license and than they say that developer can be
       | substitute but those "AI" appliances;
       | 
       | - As Mr. Geerling point out, now they shamelessly pass on the GPL
       | license without fear of retaliation;
       | 
       | I hope that the community will do its move, first of all updating
       | the GPL to explicitly forbid this loophole, I'm talking about
       | paywall and illegal restriction of the source code distribution.
       | Moreover , I think some kind of open source licence enforcement
       | organisation should exist. Licenses without enforcement are hot
       | air. For plenty of that organisation Open Source programmers are
       | only simpletons , not dedicated peoples building their fortune.
       | IMHO, I would like to see the possibility to bill for commercial
       | use of open source code easily with license that explicitly cover
       | this area and, again, organisation doing enforcement. Time is a
       | priceless resource and IMHO is inconceivable that corporation etc
       | reduce open source programmers to the role of slave workers of
       | third world countries.
        
       | ynx wrote:
       | > Also ignore the fact that Red Hat builds their product on top
       | of Linux, which they didn't build and don't own.
       | 
       | I feel like this ignores the fact that Linux's continued success
       | is, in large part, a direct consequence of its ability to compete
       | for government contracts by way of Red Hat pursuing compliance
       | and funding development to that effect, in addition to a massive
       | amount of Linux development that Red Hat _does_ directly fund.
       | 
       | Like, yeah - they're not the only reason Linux is successful, but
       | RHEL's success definitely played a big part in making it suitable
       | for the datacenter.
        
         | olddustytrail wrote:
         | No, not really. Ubuntu and Debian are far more prevalent in the
         | datacentre than Redhat.
         | 
         | Linux became popular through grass roots deployments and then
         | companies cashed in on that. There seems to be a new narrative
         | that it was the companies that started the ball rolling but
         | it's not so.
        
       | INTPenis wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
         | mynameisvlad wrote:
         | This honestly sounds like an infomercial testimonial and is
         | bizarre to read on here.
        
           | INTPenis wrote:
           | I assure you I'm not being payed by anyone to make comments
           | online, in fact my $dayjob is paying huge amounts of money to
           | IBM/Red Hat for our partnership with them.
           | 
           | I've been using open source for over 20 years, and I admit to
           | using CentOS because it was a FREE version of a stable RHEL
           | distro.
           | 
           | I wish I could find a free, community-based and non-
           | commercial distro in the Linux ecosystem that I was happy
           | with, but I just can't. The closest one is Debian, but I
           | still don't want to leave RHEL.
        
         | GordonS wrote:
         | I'm curious what features RHEL has over Debian, that make it
         | worth paying for?
         | 
         | I used CentOS for years, then switched to Debian, and it's been
         | plain sailing, so I'm wondering what l could gain with RHEL.
        
           | butlerm wrote:
           | Probably not much, unless you depend on commercial Linux
           | applications that have adopted Red Hat Enterprise Linux as a
           | standard platform and do not support Debian the same way.
        
           | INTPenis wrote:
           | Sure, I'm reading from my personal notes since I've answered
           | this question so many times online. And keep in mind that I
           | wrote these notes a couple of years ago.
           | 
           | I work with large clients and having a known corporation
           | behind your product is pretty nice, besides that RHEL-
           | compatible distros are still the only ones supported by a lot
           | of proprietary enterprise software.
           | 
           | I'm not only a RHEL-convert, but an SElinux convert, and I
           | think it's pretty neat. It can completely sandbox an
           | application, but it does have a steep learning curve.
           | 
           | Red Hat are behind a lot of innovation within the entire
           | Linux ecosystem.
           | 
           | Dnf have some features that large clients require, like
           | history and rollback.
           | 
           | Debian apt (last I checked) started services on install,
           | which can be very disruptive. It also means they sometimes
           | uninstall similar services because there's a conflict.
           | 
           | Cutting edge podman/oci stuff, signed container images, and
           | more.
           | 
           | And before you reply with "yes but Debian also has X", keep
           | in mind that Red hat has probably been doing it much longer.
        
         | washadjeffmad wrote:
         | Thanks for your comment, INTPenis. I'll forward it to my
         | leadership to see if it changes their direction.
        
       | firefoxkekw wrote:
       | I havent seen a single server or workstation running rhel in the
       | data science field, the most used distro in ds already was ubuntu
       | and with the launch of pro covering the universe repository for
       | security updates, I cant understand why redhat is making this
       | move, cant see the endgame.
        
       | phendrenad2 wrote:
       | Fantastic opportunity for someone to found Blue Hat.
        
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