[HN Gopher] The last day of Constantinople
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The last day of Constantinople
        
       Author : benbreen
       Score  : 68 points
       Date   : 2023-06-26 04:58 UTC (18 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (blogs.bl.uk)
 (TXT) w3m dump (blogs.bl.uk)
        
       | dangerwill wrote:
       | Constantinople was conquered by the Turks but not only the people
       | but the name of the city (albeit transliterated into Arabic)
       | remained for centuries. Istanbul wasn't the officially recognized
       | name of the city until the 1930s
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Names_of_Istanbul
        
         | sedatk wrote:
         | Not only had the city's name remained Constantinople, Ottoman
         | Empire had seen itself as the successor of Roman Empire too.
         | One of the official titles of Mehmet the Conqueror was
         | "Kaiser-i Rum" (Caesar of Roman). Ottoman Empire even adopted
         | the Roman Empire's "hands-off" governance model at the
         | beginning: mostly dealt with taxes, and refrained from
         | interfering with people's daily lives.
         | 
         | The name "Istanbul" is believed to be a contraction of "Eis tin
         | polin" ("To the inner city") in Greek which was a commonly used
         | term in daily chatter, and possibly adopted literally by Turks.
        
           | glonq wrote:
           | In my experience, a good way to piss off a Turk is to suggest
           | that their country borrowed or stole anything from Greek
           | language, food, art, or culture!
        
           | handwarmers wrote:
           | Ah yes, the hands-off, non-interfering with people's daily
           | lives history of the Ottoman empire. Just like everyone on
           | the Balkans and in Armenia remembers it.
        
             | sedatk wrote:
             | Which part of "at the beginning" did you miss?
        
           | resolutebat wrote:
           | > _Ottoman Empire even adopted the Roman Empire 's "hands-
           | off" governance model at the beginning: mostly dealt with
           | taxes, and refrained from interfering with people's daily
           | lives._
           | 
           | Yup: in fact many Jews, Christian schismatics etc fled from
           | the terrors of the Inquisition in Europe to the Ottoman
           | empire.
        
         | selimthegrim wrote:
         | Yes but the name derives from a much older Greek colloquial
         | expression, see al-Masudi for example.
        
       | DrPhish wrote:
       | As nice as that is for a quick overview, the whole story was told
       | rather well by Gibbon in his "History of the decline and fall of
       | the Roman Empire".
       | 
       | If that has whet your appetite and you'd like a more in-depth
       | telling of just this episode then you can skip right to :
       | https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/895/pg895-images.html#l...
       | and enjoy.
       | 
       | If you have an inclination, I'd heartily recommend the entire set
       | of books. As an anecdote, it took me 2 years of reading 10-20
       | minutes per night most nights. I found it extremely enlightening
       | and entertaining (Gibbon has a wicked wit).
       | 
       | As much as Gibbon is not in fashion these days, the research I
       | did showed that the essential parts of our understanding of the
       | nuts and bolts of the history haven't changed since it was
       | written, and I don't think anyone else has contextualized and
       | editorialized the whole story with as much intelligence and
       | careful thought since.
       | 
       | I also found pretty well all the complaints about Gibbon's
       | interpretation to have actually been though about and answered
       | _by_ Gibbon in the text (in eloquent detail!), which I found
       | surprising given the frequency with which he seems to be
       | dismissed with simplistic arguments.
        
         | countrymile wrote:
         | John Julius Norwich's trilogy on Byzantium is also well worth a
         | read for coverage of this period
        
         | vkou wrote:
         | It's not so much that Gibbon is out of fashion, it's that he is
         | more often wrong than right. Good storyteller, if you want to
         | read a story, but on his own, not a sufficient foundation if
         | you want to learn something.
         | 
         | Learning about roman history from him is like learning from
         | Aristotle or Freud. It's not all wrong, but there are better
         | sources, and if that's all you read, you'll be way more
         | confused than enlightened.
        
           | DrPhish wrote:
           | >it's that he is more often wrong than right.
           | 
           | I hear this a lot, but I really haven't been able to find
           | much...is there an "errata" of where he is wrong on specific
           | things that are material events in history?
        
         | derriz wrote:
         | I second this recommendation. I found it surprising easy to
         | read - the sardonic humor kept me going even when I struggled
         | to keep track of all the details/people/names/places. Although
         | I didn't attempt the full set - just the thousand or so page
         | "abridged" version.
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | I don't remember what they were, but Mary Beard had some
         | seemingly credible criticisms or just updates to Gibbon.
         | 
         | I got through a significant portion of the decline and fall but
         | got bored somewhere after Justinian as the decline and fall of
         | my interest in the Roman empire begins somewhere around the
         | state conversion to Christianity.
        
           | DrPhish wrote:
           | > Mary Beard had some seemingly credible criticisms or just
           | updates to Gibbon
           | 
           | I had a look at her back when I was reading, but also just
           | now revisited some articles comparing them, and I couldn't
           | find anything substantial that didn't boil down to a dislike
           | of his style, or disagreement over approach.
           | 
           | I really would like to update any incorrect facts that I
           | might have picked up when reading Gibbon, so something
           | concrete would be much appreciated!
           | 
           | I'm not too worried about having picked up his conclusions,
           | since I've come to my own based on the description of events
           | and supplementing with a fair amount of other treatments
           | (mostly "The Learning Company" stuff, for better or for
           | worse)
        
       | worstestes wrote:
       | If anyone is interested in an expansive podcast detailing the
       | history of the Byzantine Empire, check out The History of
       | Byzantium podcast!
       | 
       | https://thehistoryofbyzantium.com/
       | 
       | It's truly in depth and picks up around where Mike Duncan stopped
       | (roughly) after the History of Rome podcast ended.
        
         | wsgeorge wrote:
         | I just started this after finishing The History of Rome. :)
        
       | BenoitEssiambre wrote:
       | In Laplace's 1795 essay introducing what is now known as Bayesian
       | probabilities, one of the first example given was of a kind of
       | simple language model, potentially making the first word used in
       | such models, "Constantinople".
       | 
       | "This principle gives the reason why we attribute regular events
       | to a particular cause. Some philosophers have thought that these
       | events are less possible than others and that at the play of
       | heads and tails, for example, the combination in which heads
       | occurs twenty successive times is less easy in its nature than
       | those where heads and tails are mixed in an irregular manner. But
       | this opinion supposes that past events have an influence on the
       | possibility of future events, which is not at all admissible. The
       | regular combinations occur more rarely only because they are less
       | numerous. If we seek a cause wherever we perceive symmetry, it is
       | not that we regard a symmetrical event as less possible than the
       | others, but, since this event ought to be the effect of a regular
       | cause or that of chance, the first of these suppositions is more
       | probable than the second. On a table we see letters arranged in
       | this order, C o n s t a n t i n o p l e, and we judge that this
       | arrangement is not the result of chance, not because it is less
       | possible than the others, for if this word were not employed in
       | any language we should not suspect it came from any particular
       | cause, but this word being in use among us, it is incomparably
       | more probable that some person has thus arranged the aforesaid
       | letters than that this arrangement is due to chance."
        
       | jonhohle wrote:
       | My kids love Istanbul by TMBG, but I never knew the history.
       | Something I can share with them the next time it comes on. I hope
       | for the sake of the subject of the song they didn't have a date
       | in Constantinople. I'm sure it would have been relatively
       | chaotic, and romance might not have been a priority ;-)
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | EvanAnderson wrote:
         | Small nit to pick: TMBG didn't write the song-- they covered it
         | (quite well, too).
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istanbul_(Not_Constantinople...
         | 
         | The song's appearance on MTV's Liquid Television was my
         | introduction to TMBG.
        
           | jonhohle wrote:
           | I mean, they do love the TMBG cover, regardless of whether or
           | not they wrote it.
        
             | Electricniko wrote:
             | I didn't even know it was a song by a real band when I was
             | a kid. I only knew it from a cartoon. Depending on how old
             | your kids are, they might like this:
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IqJXxHi6RwQ
        
         | xraystyle wrote:
         | It's not a TMBG song, they just covered it. It was originally
         | released by a Canadian vocal quartet called The Four Lads in
         | 1953.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | tcbawo wrote:
       | I haven't see this mentioned here, but I found Lars Brownworth's
       | "12 Byzantine Rulers: The History of the Byzantine Empire"
       | (https://12byzantinerulers.com) particularly entertaining and
       | informative back in the day.
        
       | igammarays wrote:
       | Here's a crazy tidbit: There are some Muslim eschatologists and
       | preachers who believe that Constantinople is coming back! Based
       | on their interpretation of the Prophet Muhammad's  well-known
       | prophecy regarding the conquest of Constantinople, they also
       | believe that the Hagia Sophia will become an Orthodox church once
       | again.
       | 
       | See Imam Nazar Hosein's book titled "Constantinople in the
       | Quran": http://imranhosein.org/n/wp-
       | content/uploads/2018/12/Constant...
        
         | pixel3234 wrote:
         | So far quite opposite is happening. Until about 15 years ago,
         | Istanbul was very cosmopolitan city. You could meet people from
         | all corners of Africa, Asia and Europe there. Even locals
         | looked very white because of all slaves Ottomans brought into
         | Istanbul. To some extend Istanbul was culturally not part of
         | Turkey (something like London and UK).
         | 
         | Hovewer over last decade or so, Istanbul is being assimilated
         | into Turkey. Many orthodox muslim turkish immigrants from east
         | part of Turkey. More radicals... Foreigners are not so welcomed
         | anymore...
        
           | proser wrote:
           | This has more in common with Austin, Texas. Everyone is
           | grumpy about all the people moving there, but the vast, vast
           | majority are moving there from other parts of Texas rather
           | than out of state.
        
           | derefr wrote:
           | Is it that foreigners are less welcome, or is it that anyone
           | with other options for places to live is leaving the country
           | to avoid the tanking ecomomy?
        
             | pixel3234 wrote:
             | For an western expat it is more difficult to move to
             | Turkey. Administrative and government stuff. Economy as
             | well.
        
           | DSingularity wrote:
           | Yeah, culturally identical to Europe like how there are all
           | those mosques everywhere.
        
             | pixel3234 wrote:
             | Visited France or UK recently? :)
        
             | ReptileMan wrote:
             | But a lot less headscarves than today.
        
         | Aerbil313 wrote:
         | That's not mainstream nor the correct interpretation. Other
         | hadiths of our prophet confirm that the second Constantinople
         | is Rome. Thus both are capitals of the (Eastern and Western)
         | Roman Empires. The Sultan who conquered Constantinople, Fatih
         | Sultan Mehmet, sent the navy to Otranto/Italy and conquered
         | there for this reason: to conquer the two Constantinoples and
         | thus fulfill the prophecy. He died without doing it in
         | accordance with the prophecies, the one to conquer 2nd
         | Constantinople will be the Mahdi, expected leader of Muslims in
         | the end times and his name will be the same as our prophet's:
         | Muhammad ibni Abdullah (means son of Abdullah).
        
         | countrymile wrote:
         | It probably would have if the Russian empire had won ww1
        
           | ng12 wrote:
           | It actually did for a few short years as an independent city-
           | state. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greco-
           | Turkish_War_(1919%E2%80%...
        
       | Mobius01 wrote:
       | Somewhat tangential, but I started to read Baudolino by Umberto
       | Eco last night, and the first chapter at least takes place during
       | the (it seems) the last siege of Constantinople. So far it has
       | been a wonderful read.
        
       | pawelkobojek wrote:
       | There's wonderful podcast on Spotify - Fall of Civilizations
       | which has an episode on that subject:
       | https://open.spotify.com/episode/4iiSrljKh9sVHBgMPd9EPd
        
       | YeGoblynQueenne wrote:
       | Did they really stamp "Museum Britannicum" with red ink on that
       | Byzantine-era manuscript? Are they completely mad?
        
       | petesergeant wrote:
       | https://www.netflix.com/title/80990771 was surprisingly watchable
        
         | tacker2000 wrote:
         | Came here looking for a mention of this! "Rise of Empires:
         | Ottoman - The conquest of Constantinople"
         | 
         | I enjoyed this. Really well made and some great actors in
         | there.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-06-26 23:01 UTC)