[HN Gopher] Dear Red Hat: Are you dumb?
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Dear Red Hat: Are you dumb?
        
       Author : thepbone
       Score  : 524 points
       Date   : 2023-06-22 18:39 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.jeffgeerling.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.jeffgeerling.com)
        
       | CrLf wrote:
       | I don't think Red Hat is trying to kill clones, but I believe
       | they're trying to kill clones that are "1:1 compatible with
       | RHEL".
       | 
       | They're trying to force a shift in what clones are supposed to
       | be, and that started with CentOS Stream. Locking the sources to
       | RHEL-proper is just the next step.
       | 
       | This may signal their death as a widely-recognizable Linux
       | distribution vendor, but I can't really say I blame them.
       | 
       | If CentOS Stream isn't adequate for production -- and I see it as
       | being at least as adequate as Debian for those that also upgraded
       | from one RHEL major to the next soon after its release -- then
       | the future of clones may lie in becoming downstreams of CentOS
       | just like RHEL is.
       | 
       | I do see the value in a CentOS Stream derivative that's more
       | conservative, but it doesn't need to be 1:1 bug compatible with
       | RHEL.
       | 
       | Honestly, I don't see the point of 1:1 clones unless you're
       | running some closed-source commercial software. And such software
       | tends to not be supported by its vendor even on 1:1 compatible
       | RHEL clones.
       | 
       | I like the Red Hat flavor of Linux, and I like the fact that I
       | can have a machine with an OS installed in 2014 continuing to get
       | security fixes without having to upgrade major versions. But I
       | don't care if that's 1:1 compatible with RHEL (and it doesn't
       | really need to be supported for 10 years).
        
         | phpisthebest wrote:
         | >>clones unless you're running some closed-source commercial
         | software. And such software tends to not be supported by its
         | vendor even on 1:1 compatible RHEL clones.
         | 
         | this is false, there are TONS of commercial software that runs
         | certified by the vendor to run on RHEL supported by the vendor
         | on RHEL, and only supported by the vendor if you run RHEL, that
         | is one of the things that made RedHat into a billion dollar
         | business.
         | 
         | ERP systems, commerical databases (that many here probally have
         | never heard of), and tons of other enterprise software.
         | 
         | Many of these vendors have been adding Ubuntu support since the
         | CentOS changes.
        
         | fariszr wrote:
         | Well, for those people who like upgrading, CentOS Stream still
         | doesn't support in place upgrades.
        
           | WesolyKubeczek wrote:
           | Wait, dnf system-upgrade won't work?
           | 
           | Granted, CentOS Stream has only seen two major releases in
           | its current form, but still.
        
       | apienx wrote:
       | Rocky Linux listing the following (funny) options:
       | 
       | - Buy a farm in Nebraska or Montana. Raise cattle Stack suggests
       | goats instead, as they may be easier (plus milk, cheese, gyro's,
       | and they will eat poison ivy!) - Utilize RH subscriptions to
       | access CDN sources and create local source mirrors for every
       | package which we can then import from Q for legal: we need to
       | review the licensing terms - Infiltrate RH
       | 
       | https://etherpad.opendev.org/p/r.24fab14385c0aa2db6fa7340a8b...
        
         | nhanlon wrote:
         | Author of that pad here: For the record, someone changed their
         | color to something similar to mine and added the 'Infiltrate
         | RH' line which has been since removed.
         | 
         | But thank you for appreciating my humor lol
        
       | snitty wrote:
       | Didn't expect the RaspberryPi YouTube guy...
        
         | superdug wrote:
         | Geerling is one of those guys who speaks with authority, mainly
         | by not speaking unless he's sure he's an authority on the
         | matter. I've solved many problems by just following his youtube
         | antics and blog posts. He's also kind of an Hn rockstar and
         | lurks here on occassion.
        
           | geerlingguy wrote:
           | Aww, thanks.
           | 
           | I think for me, this whole thing hurts the most because I
           | know SO many people in the Red Hat ecosystem. From Fedora, to
           | Ansible, to RHEL, to Kubernetes/Openshift people... I've
           | worked closely with so many.
           | 
           | And there are still many who work there, and I know the words
           | I wrote will sting for some of them. I don't hold any of this
           | against them.
           | 
           | It's just... painful to see the Red Hat that I remember from
           | a decade ago, slowly becoming, what? IBM-ified? There's still
           | a lot of good in that company, but it is being blotted out
           | over time.
        
         | drivers99 wrote:
         | I thought you meant Explaining Computers[1] and had to go back
         | and check.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCbiGcwDWZjz05njNPrJU7jA
        
         | b800h wrote:
         | NOBODY expects the RaspberryPi YouTube guy! His chief weapon is
         | surprise. Surprise and absurdly impractical Kubernetes
         | clusters. His TWO weapons.. etc.
        
         | totallywrong wrote:
         | Funny, I mostly knew him as the Ansible guy. He wouldn't be
         | notorious without RH and look at him now.
        
           | Zambyte wrote:
           | Notorious? I didn't know he was notorious at all..?
        
             | totallywrong wrote:
             | In here, kind of.
        
       | anyoneamous wrote:
       | Quick tip for any AWS users (or users of any cloud provider,
       | really): if this affects you, let your account manager know,
       | along with your thoughts on how you anticipate responding. That
       | feedback is invaluable for service teams who are trying to figure
       | out what OS support to prioritize for the tools they might be
       | building.
        
       | mathattack wrote:
       | This is a natural outgrowth of being owned by IBM. They are in
       | the business of harvesting revenue from existing customers until
       | they revolt. They don't care about open source or smaller
       | customers. They care about squeezing and auditing the enterprise.
       | This is bad for RedHat because there are other options.
        
       | bragr wrote:
       | Everyone seems to forget Redhat is owned by IBM, and this is
       | their core business model. IBM doesn't care that this guy is mad,
       | they were never going to make money off him. If you're a bank
       | (for example) running off Redhat, you aren't going to leave them
       | because of this, and if you make software for banking companies
       | (continuing the example), you'll pay up for the licensees to test
       | your software on.
       | 
       | If you're open to moving to another distro (Rocky, Debian,
       | Ubuntu, Alpine, etc), you were probably never to going to license
       | Redhat anyways.
        
         | theossuary wrote:
         | This is patently false. Redhat is making bank off of this guy.
         | Jeff has written 100s of Ansible roles for free and made them
         | widely available. I've used dozens of his roles as a contractor
         | for F500 companies to help get projects off the ground quickly.
         | 
         | Now instead of giving him free binary compatible OSes to
         | develop his roles against, he'll probably just drop support
         | because there's too much hassle. The next time I go to install
         | an OS, it'll be Debian, because most of the tools I'll use
         | won't have packages for RHEL like OSes.
         | 
         | This is so dumb it hurts, Redhat won't recover from this. It'll
         | cripple their package ecosystem over the next decade.
        
           | bragr wrote:
           | >This is patently false. Redhat is making bank off of this
           | guy. Jeff has written 100s of Ansible roles for free and made
           | them widely available.
           | 
           | Firstly, creating value is not the same thing as creating
           | revenue.
           | 
           | Second, people aren't licensing Redhat for access to these.
           | People license Redhat so when they have a bug that affects
           | them, it gets fixed right away with guarantees. Unless that
           | guy is getting paid to do those fixes, I don't see how this
           | affects Redhat customers.
        
             | geerlingguy wrote:
             | You'd be surprised how many paying RHEL customers use
             | community-contributed Ansible roles because there's no way
             | for a company even as large as IBM to employ experts in all
             | the various software RHEL users install to maintain
             | integrations.
             | 
             | That's the long-term effect of starving the wider
             | community: you lose having 'great' integrations, and you
             | end up with poorly-written and barely-maintained
             | integrations for anything that's not extremely mainstream,
             | and so you start losing the customers who use anything
             | outside the core set of products extensively.
        
               | bragr wrote:
               | I'll just copy paste what I said in another comment:
               | 
               | >I'm not saying this is the morally right, "best" in the
               | long term sense, or otherwise socially optimal choice,
               | I'm just saying it's the standard IBM choice.
        
               | geerlingguy wrote:
               | Ah, missed that ;)
        
           | Quarrelsome wrote:
           | > It'll cripple their package ecosystem over the next decade.
           | 
           | but in a way that's really hard to measure and doesn't show
           | up on a bean-counter's spreadsheet. So that means corporate
           | will consider it "good business" and will just blame
           | something else for the immeasurable failures a decade later.
        
         | notatoad wrote:
         | >IBM doesn't care that this guy is mad
         | 
         | No, but they should. Jeff Geerling is one of these guys:
         | https://xkcd.com/2347/
         | 
         | IBM might not make money off you or me, but they absolutely
         | make money off people like Jeff. In some regards, that's kinda
         | their _whole_ business
        
           | bragr wrote:
           | IBM is a big company. They can pay one their 300,000
           | employees less than one average support license to replace
           | all the work he does for them indirectly, and if he's
           | opensourcing his software, it's not like he can stop them
           | from using it even if he is mad.
           | 
           | I'm not saying this is the morally right, "best" in the long
           | term sense, or otherwise socially optimal choice, I'm just
           | saying it's the standard IBM choice.
        
             | blowski wrote:
             | > They can pay one their 300,000 employees less than one
             | average support license to replace all the work he does for
             | them indirectly
             | 
             | I bet they can't. He's hardly some code monkey churning out
             | generic lines of code.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | johnvanommen wrote:
         | > If you're a bank (for example) running off Redhat, you aren't
         | going to leave them because of this
         | 
         | Not sure if it ever happened, but when I was at BofA there was
         | _definitely_ interest from up high on going to Oracle Linux
        
           | Nifty3929 wrote:
           | Out of the frying pan and into....
        
       | BringerOfChaos wrote:
       | I'm a former Red Hatter. I left just after the IBM acquisition.
       | We all saw stupid stuff like this coming. It's a sad loss, but
       | the Debian (and Debian-based) world is lovely.
        
         | ddtaylor wrote:
         | As a long time Debian user for 20+ years I have to say I really
         | prefer dnf/yum over apt/dpkg now. It's significantly faster and
         | has much less version deadlock snafus from my experience in the
         | last 5 years. I still use and support servers from both sides
         | and my Debian servers are often a chore to work with by
         | comparison.
        
       | formerly_proven wrote:
       | > When Red Hat decided to turn the community CentOS distribution
       | into a leading-edge distro instead of basically "Red Hat
       | Enterprise Linux, but free", users like me were justifiably
       | angered.
       | 
       | Funny sentence there.
        
         | bodeadly wrote:
         | Yeah, I don't get it either.
         | 
         | On a related note, folks who are thinking we'll just use Debian
         | or SUSE or whatever other distro, don't understand what RH
         | does. RH is one of the principal contributors to core Linux
         | components used by all distros. Who makes some 10GbE driver
         | work really well? RedHat. And that driver makes it's way back
         | into the kernel sources used by all distros. So I think there's
         | a lack of understanding of the dynamic here.
         | 
         | The allure of RHEL clones is that it's all been checked over by
         | organized engineers who's job security depends on the quality
         | of their work. I would much prefer not to rely on a couple of
         | free-timers producing a result equivalent to what RH does.
         | 
         | And yet there is a huge demand from folks that simply cannot
         | pay what RH wants. So my guess is that something new is going
         | to come out of all of this ....
        
       | wronglebowski wrote:
       | Given my experience, RHEL is a favorite among enterprise
       | environments. As such IBM will continue to pursue a strategy that
       | forces people into that business funnel. They do not care who
       | falls out of it, the ecosystem will only become more closed.
       | 
       | I think we need to be more realistic about where things are
       | headed. SUSE? Market cap of 2.2 Billion, IBM paid 34 for RH.
       | Ubuntu? Still not profitable. As we continue to see the tech
       | sector cool and become more mature belts will tighten and things
       | will consolidate.
        
         | pjmlp wrote:
         | I bet Microsoft will eventually buy Ubuntu, given their
         | relationship on WSL and key distribution for Azure.
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | I've suspected this for a while as well. At one point GOOG
           | would have been a good bet, but having turned down many
           | potentials over the years they clearly don't have an
           | interest. I could see MS buying Canonical (or Ubuntu),
           | although there has to be enormous pressure against that from
           | the Windows people.
        
             | pjmlp wrote:
             | Why should be pressure be from Windows people?
             | 
             | They just announced at BUILD 2023 the graduation of CBL-
             | Mariner Linux distribution into "Azure Linux", and guess
             | what else has same support level, Ubuntu.
             | 
             | https://build.microsoft.com/en-
             | US/sessions/4c586f76-ad6e-444...
             | 
             | Naturally, they have plenty of other distributions being
             | supported.
             | 
             | If anything, most likely it is the Azure focus that is
             | partially responsible for the chaos of Windows GUI
             | frameworks, as the teams have minimal resources to keep
             | going.
        
           | fariszr wrote:
           | But why? What would they gain? You think Microsoft is
           | interested in Linux enterprise support?
        
             | kjs3 wrote:
             | Microsoft is very interested in _any_ enterprise support it
             | can monetize. Ignoring WSL (you shouldn 't), you'd be
             | surprised how much Linux runs in Azure. Buying Ubuntu lets
             | M$ say "sure you can run Linux in our cloud. We have one
             | right here, one we support, for a modest fee".
        
         | rektide wrote:
         | Most of the threads here - where people describe the
         | corporately driven business wants/desires - seem to recognize
         | though that this is killing the holden goose.
         | 
         | Enterprises want RHEL because the staff know & use RHEL _and_
         | the enterprise can get a support package for RHEL. If Red Hat
         | no longer is in the public eye, if it 's only a paid for Linux,
         | the demand is going to dry up, vanish.
         | 
         | There's only one way to retain mindshare & market share &
         | that's to keep RHEL in front of people. This current course of
         | action almost guarantees that RHEL fades into irrelevance.
        
           | johnvanommen wrote:
           | AIX would like to have a word...
        
         | pcthrowaway wrote:
         | Can you elaborate why a market cap of 2.2 billion makes SUSE
         | not a viable alternative? If anything, this makes me feel like
         | they're undervalued, especially now that they're the only
         | company shipping an enterprise linux with an open source and
         | privacy respecting (looking at you Canonical) base distro.
        
           | pjmlp wrote:
           | SuSE is owned by MicroFocus.
        
             | _whiteCaps_ wrote:
             | SUSE was sold to EQT in 2019 and went public in 2021.
        
               | pjmlp wrote:
               | I stand corrected, it is still owned by them in 75%
               | though, and apparently they are an investment fund.
        
               | pcthrowaway wrote:
               | Do you have a source for that? I was under the impression
               | SUSE no longer had any ties to Micro Focus
        
               | johnvanommen wrote:
               | Sometimes I feel that a lot of tech companies are
               | virtually behaving as hedge funds
        
           | johnvanommen wrote:
           | > Can you elaborate why a market cap of 2.2 billion makes
           | SUSE not a viable alternative?
           | 
           | I'd always assumed the MicroFocus acquisition of SuSE had
           | something to do with OpenStack, and when OpenStack stopped
           | being The Big New Thing, that impacted SuSE.
           | 
           | Basically:
           | 
           | * I was on the HP OpenStack team
           | 
           | * HP burned through over a billion on that, and sold the
           | product off to SuSE
           | 
           | * Somewhere in the mix there, MicroFocus was divested from
           | HP. Even working there, it was hard to follow, because HP
           | _also_ split into HP and HPE
           | 
           | * As various vendors lost interest in OpenStack (Cisco, EMC,
           | VMWare, etc), SuSE replaced their CEO who was behind the
           | acquisition in the first place
           | 
           | I talked to some SuSE folks about OpenStack at one of the
           | VMWare conferences, and they seemed confident in it's future,
           | and then just weeks later I read that they'd discontinued the
           | product in it's current state
           | 
           | The entire thing is incredibly confusing because HPE also had
           | _two_ versions of OpenStack.  "Helion Open Stack" and
           | "Carrier Grade OpenStack" and they were two different teams.
        
             | pcthrowaway wrote:
             | I didn't think they really had to pay for the openstack
             | assets, I didn't think they did anything with those. IIRC
             | they had their own managed openstack contracts with their
             | SLES customers before the acquisition, and were working on
             | getting kube/paas offerings on top of that which they then
             | scrapped for Rancher.
             | 
             | So I know they burned a bunch of money too, but I don't
             | think it was on the HPC or other openstack assets (HPC was
             | the public cloud openstack offering that I think got
             | shutdown sometime around the HPE split)
        
           | wronglebowski wrote:
           | What I meant is what would prevent IBM or other large
           | corporation from acquiring them as well?
        
             | pjmlp wrote:
             | They already have been, multiple times, nowadays they
             | belong to Micro Focus.
        
               | veave wrote:
               | _In July 2018, Micro Focus International, SUSE 's parent
               | company since 2014, announced its plan to sell the
               | business unit to a subsidiary of EQT Partners in the
               | first quarter of calendar year 2019.[7][8] This
               | acquisition was completed on 15 March 2019, making SUSE a
               | standalone business. Under new ownership, their legal
               | name is SUSE Software Solutions Germany GmbH._
        
               | pjmlp wrote:
               | I stand corrected, it is still owned by them in 75%
               | though.
        
         | jzb wrote:
         | SUSE is tenacious AF, you have to give 'em that. This _could_
         | be an opportunity for them to grab some market share. I 'd love
         | to see it. I don't wish ill on Red Hat, either, but I'd love to
         | see SUSE grow and be a stronger player here. It'd be good for
         | the larger ecosystem.
        
         | aeyes wrote:
         | About 15 years ago the (German) company I worked at had a lot
         | of their customers from different industries run on SLES. But
         | over time many customers just weren't willing to sign up for OS
         | support contracts anymore (and also switched from Oracle to
         | MySQL). SLES/openSUSE never managed to get the same support
         | from third parties and communities as CentOS/Fedora. With RHEL
         | 6 we migrated all customers from SLES to CentOS/RHEL. This
         | allowed to have a homogenous environment with and without
         | enterprise support contracts.
         | 
         | We'll have to see where this is going. Certain enterprise
         | software (like Oracle) requires the use of certified operating
         | systems or you lose support. Oracle Linux looks like the more
         | natural choice.
        
         | jacobsenscott wrote:
         | If you are using RH, or SUSE, it is because pointy hairs forced
         | you to use RH or SUSE. So you are kind of trapped in that
         | funnel.
        
       | IshKebab wrote:
       | Are you asking why a commercial company doesn't want to give its
       | main product away for free? I'm surprised CentOS lasted as long
       | as it did.
        
         | mindcrime wrote:
         | The code and bits aren't Red Hat's main product. Red Hat's main
         | product is the "warm fuzzies" that large enterprises get from
         | knowing that somebody is "on the hook" to provide support if
         | there's a SHTF outage or other incident, and somebody to sue in
         | the unlikely chance that they lose serious $$$ as a result of a
         | technical problem. In many ways Red Hat is closer to a company
         | that sells insurance than a company that sells software.
        
         | ozr wrote:
         | The product is open source. They chose to make a linux
         | distribution.
        
         | bananapub wrote:
         | what do you feel RH's main product is?
         | 
         | is it:
         | 
         | 1. a collection of very old binaries of software with lots of
         | testing done, or 2. a linux distribution that happens to have a
         | very good support contract and a web of agreements with other
         | vendors
         | 
         | ?
        
           | steve1977 wrote:
           | Based on the experience I had with their support (covered by
           | a support contract), it must be 1.
        
             | ahoka wrote:
             | So the value is having to live with the same bugs for 10
             | years?
        
               | somerandomqaguy wrote:
               | For some people yes. The bugs you know about usually will
               | have a workaround that minimizes it's impacts. It's the
               | bugs you don't know about that are typically most
               | difficult to deal with.
        
               | ElectricalUnion wrote:
               | The value is not having to reverse-engineer, rewrite and
               | recompile software every week because some random library
               | changed in a non-compatible way.
        
         | jrochkind1 wrote:
         | I guess the question that would lead to is why a company that
         | didn't want to give it's main product away for free would have
         | had a main product that was licensed as open source for so many
         | years.
         | 
         | We all know that an open source license means people can use
         | it, copy it, modify it, and run it where they want, without
         | paying anyone, right?
         | 
         | (Is it even legally possible to have a linux distribution that
         | isn't open source? I'm not sure?)
        
           | arp242 wrote:
           | > Is it even legally possible to have a linux distribution
           | that isn't open source? I'm not sure?
           | 
           | For the GPL parts? No. But that doesn't mean "you must make
           | it the source code publicly available at
           | https://example.com/source-code.tar.gz".
           | 
           | GPL 2 and 3 differ a little bit in the exact terms for this,
           | but both are essentially the same: you only need to ship
           | source code to the people you distribute the software to, not
           | to the general public at large.
        
             | aidenn0 wrote:
             | You need to ship the source code to the people you
             | distribute the software to _and_ you need to do so under a
             | license that allows them to modify and redistribute this.
             | 
             | So if any of your licensees wants to make a 100% copy of
             | what you shipped, then you need to allow them to.
        
               | arp242 wrote:
               | Kind of, but also no. As I understand it, RedHat
               | customers are forbidden to redistribute the source code
               | by the RedHat EULA. While they can't legally sue you for
               | breaking the GPL, they can sue you or just drop you as a
               | customer for breaching the EULA. I'm not entirely sure
               | how this interacts with the GPL's "no additional
               | restrictions" clause in a legal sense, although it
               | clearly isn't in the spirit of it.
               | 
               | Either way, the net effect is the same: no one is going
               | to risk the wrath of IBM's lawyers, and any avenue of
               | "source leaks" can be closed off. It's not a functional
               | mechanism for RHEL derivates.
        
               | jrochkind1 wrote:
               | I'm not sure that is accurate about the EULA?
               | 
               | The EULA I find googling (this is not something I am
               | previously acquainted with) says:
               | 
               | > With the exception of certain image files identified in
               | Section 1.3 below, the license terms for the components
               | permit User to copy, modify, and redistribute the
               | component, in both source code and binary code forms.
               | This EULA does not limit User's rights under, or grant
               | User rights that supersede, the license terms of any
               | particular component.
               | 
               | -- https://www.redhat.com/en/about/licenses/rhds-rhcs-
               | eula
               | 
               | I may not be interpreting that correctly or what it means
               | practically, I'm not really familiar with what's going on
               | here. If you definitely know better than me, I'm happy to
               | hear it (cites to other informed authors explaining it
               | would be great!), but I don't want to go down a long
               | thread accidentally discussing things based on a
               | misunderstanding of the EULA...
               | 
               | I do get that Red Hat is trying to somehow add value to
               | open source software (linux), have it's software be
               | understood as being open source itself (for the marketing
               | value), while also trying to get people to pay to use it.
               | They are trying to have their cake and eat it too, I get
               | it. And maybe they have enough lawyers to make it work
               | somehow, or can just make it _so inconvenient
               | practically_ to use the rights the open source license
               | grants to make it work somehow.
               | 
               | But yeah, if you "don't want to give your main product
               | away for free", and your "main product" is licensed with
               | an open source license... you are in a pretty difficult
               | spot. Which is, I guess, where Red Hat finds themselves.
        
               | arp242 wrote:
               | I've seen it mentioned in a few places; it took me a bit
               | to find it, but it's in the "subscription services
               | agreement"[1], the relevant bit being section 2.2:
               | 
               |  _" Distributing the Subscription Services (or any
               | portion) to a third party outside the Portal or using the
               | Subscription Services to support a third party without
               | paying the respective fees is a material breach of this
               | Agreement even though the open source license applicable
               | to individual software packages may give you the right to
               | distribute those packages (and this Agreement is not
               | intended to interfere with your rights under those
               | individual licenses)."_
               | 
               | I _think_ the way this works (legally) is that accessing
               | their service (their Customer Portal) is covered under
               | this EULA, while the software is covered under the
               | license. So technically you 're not adding additional
               | restrictions to the GPL. Or something like that. Not a
               | lawyer etc. etc.
               | 
               |  _Edit_ : I see there's also some discussion of this over
               | here, in case you're interested:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36436375
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.redhat.com/rhdc/managed-
               | files/GLOBAL_Cloud_Subsc...
        
               | jrochkind1 wrote:
               | Makes sense -- it sounds like you can't let someone else
               | use your credentials to access the Customer Portal
               | website/online services... or maybe there's something
               | else that's a "subscription service" they're trying to
               | limit too that I don't understand... but they seem to
               | acknowledge you still have the right to redistribute the
               | source code of any GPL licensed code, that the GPL gives
               | you, right?
               | 
               | But yeah, they are trying to figure out how to square the
               | circle and have their cake and eat it too. It does not
               | seem like they are actually trying to tell you that you
               | have lost the legal right to redistribute GPL software
               | though.
        
           | dboreham wrote:
           | The license doesn't actually say that. It says thar if you
           | ship someone a binary then you also need to give them the
           | source on request. Not the same as "everyone has a right to
           | free access to the source".
        
             | jrochkind1 wrote:
             | Open source licenses "actually" also say that anyone you
             | ship the binary and source to is free to share the source
             | with whomever else they want to.
             | 
             | So an open source license to me seems to be in conflict
             | with the idea that you "don't want to give it away for
             | free", but if you think a license that requires you to give
             | users the source and then lets them distribute that source
             | as they will is a different thing than "giving it away for
             | free", I don't know if I'm interested in arguing about it.
             | Although I guess I'm curious if that's your position.
             | 
             | The "four freedoms" are "the freedom to run, copy,
             | distribute, study, change and improve the software". Note
             | "copy" and "distribute". Any user of your software is free
             | to copy and distribute it.
             | 
             | "Open source" has for decades _not_ simply meant "you share
             | the source code with your licensed users", while not
             | allowing modification or redistribution except by further
             | license. There has for decades been a difference between
             | "open source" and simply sharing the source with paying
             | customers while not allowing them to share it with third
             | parties -- and attempts to rewrite history and make "open
             | source" mean nothing more than the latter are attempts to
             | rewrite history.
             | 
             | You are right that making software available under open
             | source license does not require the original owner/author
             | to run any particular infrastructure of distribution
             | though. It does not require them to run a web site or git
             | repo or anything else. It just says that anyone with the
             | software is allowed to share that software with whomever
             | they like however they like, as well as make modifications
             | and share those modifications with whomever they like, as
             | well as run that software however they like, with no
             | further permission or fee required because the open source
             | license already grants permission.
             | 
             | So, I stand by my comment -- if you "don't want to give
             | your main product away for free", and you license your
             | "main product" under an open source license -- you have
             | made a terrible mistake. (Or are engaged in some kind of
             | calculated deception of your userbase). Because the open
             | source license has indeed already granted the world the
             | right to use your software for free.
        
         | arp242 wrote:
         | The thing is, I'm not so sure RedHat actually lost revenue over
         | CentOS. The people who want to use CentOS is a very different
         | type of userbase than the people who would use RedHat/RHEL, and
         | the CentOS people would simply choose Debian or something else
         | over RedHat.
         | 
         | From purely a business perspective I think the entire thing
         | naively makes sense, from a far-away view without much
         | knowledge of the business space. But once you look a bit closer
         | I don't think it does.
        
           | IshKebab wrote:
           | They definitely lost revenue. People use RHEL/CentOS because
           | a load of software only officially supports Enterprise Linux.
           | But why would they pay for RHEL if CentOS works fine?
        
             | arp242 wrote:
             | > a load of software only officially supports Enterprise
             | Linux
             | 
             | Which software is that?
        
               | wingmanjd wrote:
               | The database engine IBM DB2 didn't (doesn't?) officially
               | support Centos. It had to be RHEL.
        
               | arp242 wrote:
               | At this point at least they seem to support RHEL, CentOS,
               | SUSE, and Ubuntu. Or at least, they offer downloads for
               | it - I'm having a hard time navigating their
               | documentation to find a more precise answer.
               | 
               | But the people who are running Db2 probably has very
               | little overlap with the people running CentOS, too.
               | 
               | https://www.ibm.com/software/reports/compatibility/clarit
               | y-r...
        
             | ilc wrote:
             | Then they shouldn't have poked the bear.
             | 
             | By taking out the CentOS Foundation, which was NEVER going
             | to sell support. They created 2 companies that will sell
             | support, and they still have the same issue.
             | 
             | At the WORST those companies will have to buy a RHEL
             | license somewhere in here, if Red Hat takes away
             | redistribution rights on the srpms... they might as well
             | put a gun to their own head.
             | 
             | SuSE will take the business gladly.
        
           | eYrKEC2 wrote:
           | But, sometimes the people that use CentOS get hired by Mega-
           | Corp and when their CTO requires a support contract with
           | contracted SLA's, they choose RHEL instead of Ubuntu One,
           | because they're way more familiar with RHEL'like systems
           | instead of Debian systems.
           | 
           | Yes, cheap/free people will be cheap/free, but sometimes
           | they're not the decider.
        
       | Ericson2314 wrote:
       | This is a bummer. But as a NixOS developer I gotta say it also
       | has its upsides.
        
       | ehayes wrote:
       | As an ex Red Hatter (pre IBM) this feels like top-down IBM
       | influence, and against the _always open_ spirit of the old Red
       | Hat.
        
         | freedomben wrote:
         | I'm also an ex-er but was there post acqui. It's definitely IBM
         | influence, but it's long-time Red Hat people who are actually
         | making these decisions. I don't think these are people that
         | actually believed in Red Hat in the first place. Or if they
         | did, they're willing to IBM-ify in order to keep their jobs (or
         | ascend the ladder)
        
           | BeefWellington wrote:
           | It's exactly this. When I worked at IBM some years ago via
           | another acquisition, this is the same pattern I saw. Senior
           | leadership -- people who had been at the prior company for
           | nearly two decades -- were the ones gladly steering it
           | aground in order to do what IBM wanted.
           | 
           | You can see this with Red Hat - the Chairman and the CEO are
           | both long-time RHers. Were they just the opportunists?
           | 
           | All the talk about running RH as an independent subsidiary
           | was either smoke and mirrors or the IBM management style has
           | infected the leadership at Red Hat.
        
           | jehb wrote:
           | I have to agree. All IBM is asking for is to hit certain
           | numbers. Now, those numbers might be short sighted and
           | unrealistic, but in my experience the operational decisions
           | were still coming from inside Red Hat, at least through the
           | middle of last year when I left. It doesn't matter whether
           | IBM or Wall Street is demanding double-digit growth numbers
           | every quarter, the end result is the same. Despite a really
           | strong push by a lot of people inside the company to put
           | culture first, in the end, a demand for unsustainable growth
           | is going to wreck any culture, no matter how strong.
        
       | oneplane wrote:
       | Seems like we're in a period of ecosystems shooting themselves in
       | the foot, be it 'social' media, software, banking or politics.
       | 
       | I suppose, in a way, we have gotten accustomed to a relatively
       | long period of stability. As for what RHEL thinks they are doing
       | with this: every time a (IMO: nasty) enterprise vendor starts
       | packaging their software in containers (IMO: a good thing!),
       | distributions become less relevant by the day, and so does their
       | view on software distribution.
        
         | noizejoy wrote:
         | Business models break, when money is no longer almost free.
         | Interest rates near zero created a historically rather unique
         | environment. That's now apparently ending.
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | We're in a period of unsustainably subsidized free environments
         | being culled.
         | 
         | People trying to monetize free things in order to continue
         | providing free things seems to not be working all that well.
         | 
         | The thing you do to make money and the free thing you offer
         | probably just need to be separate for long term stability.
         | 
         | The Linux kernel model of lots of institutions supporting an
         | actually free project is probably the only real long term
         | successful free model.
        
           | izacus wrote:
           | Ironically, Red Hat is one of the biggest supporters of Linux
           | Kernel and now needs to actually fund that support and dev
           | time.
        
           | oneplane wrote:
           | I suppose the linux kernel model has the benefit of having a
           | mutual dependency so you can't really easily long-term
           | extract value without adding value. (i.e. forking the kernel
           | means you'll be spending a lot of time keeping up, so doing
           | to work to upstream your stuff has a real benefit)
        
       | mrmister00 wrote:
       | Of course they're dumb, they are IBM now.
        
       | freedomben wrote:
       | Disclaimer: I'm a former Red Hatter but my opinion is my own
       | 
       | Red Hat, you _NEED_ to fix this. I get that it sucks to have your
       | business built on selling support, and a couple of companies have
       | popped up selling cheaper support but not taking on the cost of
       | building the thing. I get that (you think) it 's going to cause
       | problems for you (it might, I'm not sure yet). But you're
       | torching an _insane_ amount of good will that was built up over
       | 20 years of good and mostly selfless deeds. You are making
       | yourselves an enemy and a villain, rather than a friend. You need
       | to stop the bleeding.
       | 
       | I don't have any answers, but I have some ideas:
       | 
       | 1. Continue to make it so that rebuilders like Alma or Rocky can
       | exist as bug-for-bug by having access to the source, but reach an
       | agreement with them not to offer or sell support. If those don't
       | agree, other projects will emerge who _will_ agree and will take
       | their place. Don 't make their lives unnecessarily hard by
       | throwing up roadblocks in their way. There will probably be popup
       | companies selling third party support for Alma/Rocky etc here and
       | there, but I doubt that type of support competition makes a
       | serious dent to enterprise sales. In fact, I think it helps you
       | by increasing adoption. A rising tide raises all boats,
       | especially in this field.
       | 
       | 2. Figure out a way to let individuals and small developers use
       | real RHEL without having to dick with subscriptions or licensing
       | or activation. Be liberal with this and _make it easy_
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | I worked for a company that did the voting for American Idol
         | for the first few seasons. Weird culture, a mix of bare metal
         | and NIH that I thought didn't quite function and some of us
         | were trying to change that culture. Everyone resented working
         | on that project and wanted to do other things, so at some point
         | we disinvited ourselves (or so the story went, might have been
         | sour grapes).
         | 
         | The problem was we killed the cash cow without any viable
         | livestock lined up to replace it, and the layoffs started about
         | a year later. Of course 4/5ths of the people trying to change
         | the culture were in the first round. Get rid of the rabble
         | rousers first.
         | 
         | While I think our proposed changes would have helped
         | dramatically, I also think it might have been better if the
         | company management had invested in making it more palatable to
         | work on the project. Bribery if you have to. Conferences,
         | toys... but they didn't do either, and it flopped.
         | 
         | Edit: on rereading your comments I may have missed your angle,
         | but I'll leave this anyway, since we are talking dumb failure
         | modes.
        
         | gymbeaux wrote:
         | That I can't run sudo yum update out of the box with RHEL is
         | one of the big reasons I don't bother with it. I love the
         | "stability aspect" of RHEL but I love the I guess "convenience"
         | of any other distro being ready to go out of the box, no
         | activation required
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | I totally agree. Even when I worked at Red Hat and could get
           | whatever licenses I needed, I _still_ used CentOS for local
           | stuff and for testing things because of the friction of the
           | registration /activation process. It has gotten easier in
           | recent years, but simply existing is enough to turn off a lot
           | of people.
        
             | m4rtink wrote:
             | Since RHEL 8.2 its at least possible to register at
             | installation time.
        
             | ilc wrote:
             | "Me too" - Ex Red Hat. Development is done on Fedora and
             | CentOS. I was pissed when they changed CentOS mainly
             | because it changed my workflow.
        
         | pipo234 wrote:
         | Alma, Rocky, fair enough.
         | 
         | But isn't the elephant in the room here Oracle Linux?!
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | Yes, very fair point. Oracle and Amazon both deserve to be on
           | the list, probably much further up than Alma or Rocky
        
             | pipo234 wrote:
             | Amazon actually seems to have seen this coming. While
             | Amazon Linux 1&2 was a basterdized CentOS6& derivative
             | (with some newer packages), the latest breed (Amazon Linux
             | 2022/2023) is based off Fedora.
             | 
             | Also, I'm not convinced Amazon (or Oracle for that matter)
             | have a very bright future. The opaque development process
             | and (lack of) community support make development pretty
             | hard. I know from experience, getting bugs resolved (or
             | just getting Amazon to care) is _very_ hard. At the same
             | time, even for a large corporate maintaining your own
             | distro brings with it considerable costs.
             | 
             | Wouldn't it be great if instead they would work together,
             | share some of the costs and profits of support and cloud
             | mutually?!
        
               | ilc wrote:
               | Amazon missed then, the company to bet on is SuSE here.
               | 
               | Both Oracle and Amazon Linux have VERY bright futures for
               | their use-cases.
               | 
               | Do you run Oracle? Want to know your distro will be
               | supported 100%. Oracle Linux seems like a damn good bet
               | to use.
               | 
               | Are you one of the largest companies on earth, who needs
               | a distro to run your business? If so... guess what.. your
               | distro is viable just on your own business.
               | 
               | Amazon offering Amazon Linux is just them showing some
               | internal tech. Nothing more.
        
         | neilv wrote:
         | > _1. Continue to make it so that rebuilders like Alma or Rocky
         | can exist as bug-for-bug by having access to the source, but
         | reach an agreement with them not to offer or sell support._
         | 
         | I don't know how the support business breaks down for this, but
         | for the large customers, I can't imagine any of the little
         | rebranding projects taking the support business that the IT
         | dept. itself calls. "Nobody ever got fired for buying IBM," and
         | in this case it's literally true again: RH still have some of
         | the best technical experts.
         | 
         | (Imagine being a huge company with a urgent mission-critical
         | kernel problem: you want to be able to get a Red Hat commando
         | team parachuting in, including a Sr. Principal Engineer who
         | specializes in hard debugging tasks in that vast code base. Not
         | have Bob's Discount Distro's support line be lost after you say
         | you already tried rebooting and reinstalling your global
         | operations.)
         | 
         | At the same time, if anyone distro is rebranding RHEL _not_
         | just as an open source hippie volunteer thing (that a lot of
         | not-ready-to-pay-for-RHEL smaller businesses use), but _also_
         | trying to make it a support business out of it, then that might
         | be poking the lion. The hippie commune might get ripped apart
         | in a rampage. Which might be what 's happening now?
         | 
         | (Credible support options from AWS and maybe Oracle are a
         | different matter.)
         | 
         | > _2. Figure out a way to let individuals and small developers
         | use real RHEL without having to dick with subscriptions or
         | licensing or activation. Be liberal with this and make it easy_
         | 
         | Maybe CentOS had been providing this market segmentation with
         | upgrade path to enterprise support, until recently? RHEL is not
         | easy to switch to, and I've had a client that was very capable
         | shop look at switching to RHEL, and nope right back, because
         | they didn't want to learn the new bureaucracy. If they'd been
         | able to use RHEL for free since they were smaller, becoming an
         | RH enterprise support customer as they grew would be easy and a
         | no-brainer.
         | 
         | (Docker and then K8s have shaken this up a bit.)
        
         | that_guy_iain wrote:
         | > Red Hat, you NEED to fix this.
         | 
         | No, they don't. They don't need to do anything.
         | 
         | > But you're torching an insane amount of good will that was
         | built up over 20 years of good and mostly selfless deeds.
         | 
         | Doesn't matter. That goodwill doesn't really benefit them. How
         | many companies paid Red Hat because they liked the things they
         | did for open-source? Realistically, very few if any.
         | 
         | > Continue to make it so that rebuilders like Alma or Rocky can
         | exist as bug-for-bug by having access to the source, but reach
         | an agreement with them not to offer or sell support.
         | 
         | Realistically, there are lots of companies that would pay for
         | Red Hat but don't because they get can get it for free.
        
           | redundantly wrote:
           | > Realistically, there are lots of companies that would pay
           | for Red Hat but don't because they get can get it for free.
           | 
           | If the free RHEL variants disappeared today I'd wager most of
           | those companies would choose other distributions (Debian,
           | Ubuntu, openSUSE, etc) or making the jump to containerisation
           | or serverless before paying for RHEL. In the end less people
           | would be using their kind of Enterprise Linux, which in turn
           | will result in less conversion to the paid version of it.
        
             | zb3 wrote:
             | > In the end less people would be using their kind of
             | Enterprise Linux, which in turn will result in less
             | conversion to the paid version of it.
             | 
             | Why would anyone want to convert to the paid version if
             | their use case is covered by the free version? Out of
             | generosity?
        
               | anyoneamous wrote:
               | There are plenty of cases where infrastructure can be
               | split into "critical" and "nice to have".
               | 
               | In HPC, it is reasonably common for people to run RHEL on
               | the scheduler, database and login nodes (totalling maybe
               | a dozen servers) but then use CentOS (now Rocky) for the
               | compute nodes, which might be hundreds of nodes. Those
               | customers simply can't justify the cost of RHEL
               | everywhere, even with more recent changes which make it
               | cheaper than it has been historically in this use-case.
        
               | zb3 wrote:
               | To me it sounds like the pricing model is not optimal. I
               | guess in these situations, they could pay RH "a bit more"
               | in exchange for a legal RHEL license covering those extra
               | nodes. But if there was no such offer then it sounds like
               | a lost opportunity.
               | 
               | (but I'm a complete outsider, I just share my views and I
               | do acknowledge I may be missing something, so feel free
               | to elaborate further)
        
               | anyoneamous wrote:
               | I think you are right - the problem is that "a bit more"
               | really ought to be a small uplift on the _needed_
               | licenses, rather than the current inadequate discount on
               | compute nodes (along with hoop-jumping to convince sales
               | people you aren 't trying to scam them).
        
               | jsight wrote:
               | It is usually some combination of needing paid support if
               | updates break things, and also generosity. Trust and
               | generosity define the choice of paid support
               | organization.
        
               | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
               | Sometimes support - for the OS or from applications - is
               | actually useful. I worked at a shop once that ran CentOS
               | for most things but RHEL for the database servers,
               | because the vendor only officially supported that.
        
               | redundantly wrote:
               | Additionally as their needs grows and the free version
               | doesn't meet their needs out of the box and the non-free
               | version does they'll be more apt to buy into it given
               | their previous experience with their products.
        
               | zb3 wrote:
               | So the reason for not using RHEL everywhere is the
               | pricing model? I wonder whether it'd be possible for RH
               | to optimize it so that choosing RHEL 'd still be the best
               | option for them now that CentOS doesn't provide the same
               | level of stability.
        
               | redundantly wrote:
               | > I wonder whether it'd be possible for RH to optimize it
               | so that choosing RHEL 'd still be the best option for
               | them now that CentOS doesn't provide the same level of
               | stability.
               | 
               | What you may not be aware of, or have forgotten, is the
               | free versions provided by other companies that provide
               | package compatibility and similar support (as in updates
               | and security fixes) that CentOS did.
               | 
               | Oracle Linux, Alma Linux, Rocky Linux, and Amazon Linux.
               | Quite possibly even more.
               | 
               | Red Hat will have a hard time undercutting them just by
               | reducing their pricing, which is why they're using
               | tactics like a free number of subscriptions/licenses for
               | small organisations and developers and trying to cut off
               | access to the source code.
        
         | kbenson wrote:
         | I had a meeting with our RH reps last week, as a followup to
         | Red Hat Summit and to talk about a potential purchase with
         | them. I had a discussion about how we use free RHEL
         | derivatives, and have for almost 30 years (when Red Hat itself
         | was free), and we might have used one of the first public
         | releases (I do know we were running 5.2 in '99).
         | 
         | In explaining our position I told them we use the free products
         | (which meant CentOS until stream, and now Rocky), I noted how
         | I'm sure they have their own reasons for what they did, but the
         | Stream change made us _seriously_ consider other distros like
         | Ubuntu, and while we settled on Rocky in the end after it came
         | out, if we had chosen Ubuntu we wouldn 't be having a
         | discussion about possibly spending $100k with them now and more
         | in the future, so that's how they're hurting themselves.
         | 
         | Then again, from attending Red Hat Summit, it's apparent that
         | they're really aiming at the enterprise and government anyway.
         | I would estimate attendance was 60% government and education
         | (including a lot of government contractors), 30% enterprise
         | (Adobe, etc), and 10% small to medium business (and I'd bet
         | many of them are partners offering services and want to support
         | Red Hat).
         | 
         | To me it looks like people making short sighted moved to
         | increase their hold on their enterprise customers (this might
         | be aimed more at Oracle Linux than Rocky or Alma), but at the
         | expense of the surrounding ecosystem. The knock-on effects
         | might be that they kill the ramp to RHEL and the training of
         | admins in its use except for those companies willing to
         | actually shell out for official training programs, as there
         | will be little to no regular use by non-enterprise customers
         | anymore if they keep this up.
        
         | janosdebugs wrote:
         | Also former Red Hatter, disclaimer also applies.
         | 
         | According to my observations, Red Hat does an unbelievable
         | amount of stuff by hand. Lots of internal processes require
         | someone to do something at a given point, otherwise these
         | distros are not happening.
         | 
         | I believe RH is now cutting costs at precisely these places:
         | projects that don't directly contribute to the revenue get cut.
         | However, as the post said, these changes make it incredibly
         | hard to ship open source software for RHEL-likes to the point
         | where I already decided to look for alternatives when doing
         | integration work.
        
         | avhception wrote:
         | I would like to add the perspective of a small-business
         | infrastructure guy here.
         | 
         | First things first: we're a Rocky Linux shop. About 100
         | instances, some bare metal, some VMs. A few local, a few at
         | cloud providers like DigitalOcean. Held together by Ansible and
         | kickstart installs.
         | 
         | Too often the discussion about RHEL clones like Rocky paints a
         | picture of people like me as freeloaders. And some of the folks
         | with a similar setup might be. But most small-time Linux admins
         | I know are real open-source believers. I would really like to
         | funnel some money into the platform we're using. First and
         | foremost because it's the right thing to do, the people writing
         | all that source code deserve it. But also because we need
         | platform continuity, and being able to open a support case from
         | time to time would also be great.
         | 
         | But it's really hard. I don't have the time and nerves to deal
         | with the RHEL sales department, deal with the licensing,
         | produce my own cloud images because DigitalOcean can't provide
         | them, deal with our own internal purchasing process, deal with
         | convincing my superiors that we need to.
         | 
         | Please, dear Red Hat, just give me a DigitalOcean VM (or
         | something comparable) that costs a few dollars more and has
         | automatic RHEL licensing. Make deals with the VM providers,
         | work something out.
        
           | kbenson wrote:
           | We're the same, but a little larger. Don't let anyone
           | convince you you're a freeloader. If you're a freeloader,
           | then Red Hat are freeloaders for relying on the Linux Kernel
           | and all the open source software in their distros as well.
           | 
           | What we both are are power users that don't really need their
           | support. Our company has an entitlement so we can use the KB
           | articles (to our benefit) and view/submit bug reports to them
           | (which is to _their_ benefit). I have no problems telling
           | them that (and for the most part did last week), and if
           | someone on the call were to argue me on that point, I 'd have
           | happily gotten into it with them. I know they're adding a lot
           | to linux and open source, and pay for a lot of developers to
           | maintain and add to projects (including Linux itself), but
           | that's just the point, they're _adding_ to something that
           | _already exists_ that they use. They don 't own it, and they
           | can't expect to require payment for it. They aren't
           | Microsoft, and the only reason they've ever been able to
           | compete in that space is because they're standing on the
           | shoulders of what the open source community has made
           | possible.
           | 
           | It's a symbiotic relationship, and they can mess with it at
           | their peril.
        
             | avhception wrote:
             | Thanks for the feedback!
             | 
             | We've just about finished transitioning to 100% Rocky,
             | coming from a 50/50 setup with many of the bare metal
             | installs being Ubuntu. But Ubuntu left a real bitter taste
             | in my mouth with the snap enforcement (I can't even start
             | this snap thing in my Ubuntu Docker container? And you took
             | away the native apt? Wow.), so we started a migration to
             | 100% Rocky.
             | 
             | Telling my manager that we'll have to work something out
             | after we just about finished working something out will be
             | my own peril as well. Let's see where this will end.
        
               | kbenson wrote:
               | Yeah, we were late on CentOS 8, and had just put 3-4
               | systems and VMs into production when the Stream
               | announcement hit, which made us stop in our tracks. We
               | eventually accepted Rocky and started actually getting
               | newer systems in place once 9 was out, so we just jumped
               | to using 9 and in-place upgraded our Rocky 8 systems to
               | 9.
               | 
               | We're only about a quarter migrated though, so still have
               | a few hundred Centos 7 boxes to eventually get off of,
               | and we'll see if that ends up being Rocky or something
               | else.
               | 
               | I will note that this episode of The FOSS Pod[1] with a
               | Debian lead actually made me think switching to Debian
               | itself way back in the past (since we've been doing this
               | for almost three decades now) would have been a safer
               | path. I highly recommend it, it cleared up a few
               | misconceptions I had as a Red Hat/CentOS user about what
               | Debian is really attempting and why, and how that would
               | fit with our needs. For example why their goal of pure
               | open source licenses isn't an ideological choice, but a
               | choice to benefit the Debian ecosystem, since the goal is
               | to make downstream distros of Debian easy and without
               | problem (e.g. no extra legal review needed based on
               | licensed included).
               | 
               | 1: https://fosspod.content.town/episodes/debian-linux-
               | with-jona...
        
               | avhception wrote:
               | Same here, we still have 2 or 3 CentOS 8 to Rocky
               | conversions to go from before we even started replacing
               | Ubuntu!
               | 
               | I have to admit, while I share a lot of the values of
               | Debian, I never really liked the product. Especially the
               | apt package mangler, err, manager. They've also carried
               | some Debian in-house patches that really caused me some
               | grief in the past.
               | 
               | I've started running FreeBSD on my personal servers.
               | Unfortunately it's not an option at work.
        
               | kbenson wrote:
               | I've never really Debian it in the past, so can't comment
               | on the reality, just what I've heard, and even my Ubuntu
               | experience is lacking. I'm running it as a virtual
               | desktop now, but I try to keep my use of it to an MUA,
               | web browser and terminals so I don't have to spend the
               | time to become familiar with it, given it's got no other
               | use for me so far.
               | 
               | Our director loves FreeBSD, and we actually use it for
               | firewalls, so it's not a spectacularly hard sell. I'm not
               | sure it's significantly different from the problems of
               | Stream to make it worthwhile, at least not without some
               | external patching and support entity in addition, but
               | it's been a long time since I looked at the specifics of
               | their packaging and ports systems. I don't actually mind
               | something like Stream for a personal server actually.
               | It's just when trying to manage a fleet in the tens and
               | hundreds when it becomes a real liability and increased
               | possible admin support load IMO.
        
               | mwcampbell wrote:
               | Just curious, why didn't you migrate from Ubuntu to
               | Debian? Wouldn't that have been a smaller change?
        
               | freedomben wrote:
               | I would wait a bit to see how this shakes out before
               | raising the alarm. I'm waiting to see what Alma/Rocky do,
               | as well as holding out a small amount of hope that RH and
               | others will agree to something.
        
             | izacus wrote:
             | Did you really compare our freeloading shop against one of
             | the biggest software contributors to Linux and supporting
             | ecosystem? RH is a top 5 contributor of patches across the
             | most important core components.
        
             | op00to wrote:
             | > then Red Hat are freeloaders for relying on the Linux
             | Kernel
             | 
             | "freeloaders"
             | 
             | Most Active Linux 6.1 Employers [1]
             | 
             | By Changeset
             | 
             | [...]
             | 
             | 7. Red Hat 672 4.8%
             | 
             | By Lines Changed
             | 
             | [...]
             | 
             | 10. Red Hat 24073 3.1%
             | 
             | Most active employers, 5.16 through 6.1
             | 
             | By changesets
             | 
             | 3. Red Hat 4916 5.7% (behind Google and "Unknown")
             | 
             | By lines changed
             | 
             | 8. Red Hat 202698 3.3%
             | 
             | [1] https://lwn.net/Articles/915435/
        
               | dralley wrote:
               | There's also different types of contributions. Hardware
               | vendors like Intel and AMD are _mostly_ contributing
               | their own hardware drivers (and a lot of that, especially
               | in AMD 's case, is just autogenerated hardware
               | definitions), whereas Red Hat is _mostly_ contributing to
               | core kernel functionality.
        
               | autoexecdotbat wrote:
               | > If you're a freeloader...
               | 
               | It's dishonest to leave that conditional off the quote.
               | The work and risk/stress involved in running a
               | supportless shop is quite high. So if they are
               | freeloading by using Rocky then Red Hat is also
               | freeloading.
               | 
               | I do think it's funny that they weren't even number 1 on
               | that list though. Guess they are at least getting a lot
               | of volunteer work from other companies!
        
               | kbenson wrote:
               | It's hard to tell without more context _of your own_
               | whether you 're supporting what I said, or refuting the
               | argument that Red Hat are freeloaders, which is an
               | argument I _did not_ make.
        
               | freedomben wrote:
               | and that's just the kernel. Red Hat also runs or
               | contributes to a bunch of other projects that are
               | significant, especially relating to containers.
        
               | justinclift wrote:
               | ... and looks like they're locking many of those changes
               | to the source code behind their own paywall.
               | 
               | While it may technically be legal (ie crafted by lawyers
               | to make sure of it), that still seems like a pretty
               | shitty thing to do.
        
               | StillBored wrote:
               | Not just containers, all the core linux stuff. gcc,
               | binutils, gnome, systemd, etc.
               | 
               | One of the major differences between buying a support
               | contract with RH and buying one from literally any other
               | vendor is that RH doesn't sell support for things without
               | having someone active in that project's community.
               | 
               | AKA, there is a good chance the gatekeeper that your !RH
               | support provider is talking to is a RH employee or funded
               | by RH. Put another way, rocky can't afford to hire 1k
               | engineers to maintain all those packages, nor can anyone
               | else so your trusting that the bug you want fixed can be
               | fixed by a drive by contributor. This is part of the
               | reason that RHEL has such a small package list too, just
               | about every single package in that list has someone
               | working upstream.
               | 
               | So, you won't get stuck like i did 15 years ago with a
               | glibc bug that the company your paying a support contract
               | to can't fix. Sure that distro patched their own version,
               | but the change got dropped a couple years later during a
               | rebase, and it was the only distro with the fix. Meaning
               | our product only ran on that specific distro + version
               | until we reopened the bug with RH and they actually got
               | it fixed upstream.
        
               | kbenson wrote:
               | To be clear, you're _less likely_ to get stuck like that.
               | There 's plenty of bugs open that Red Hat doesn't fix
               | because it's either too problematic or affects too few
               | people. Sometimes that's eventually solved with a point
               | release and them rebasing to a newer package version
               | which includes an upstream fix, sometimes it just
               | persists. I'm not saying it's common, but it's happened,
               | and happened to us. Encountering a bug and finding the KB
               | article with only workarounds and then a bugzilla entry
               | that's been open for a couple years isn't exactly common,
               | but I also wouldn't count it as all that rare in my
               | experience.
               | 
               |  _Also_ to be clear, I wasn 't making a case abovc that
               | Red Hat doesn't provide a lot of benefit to the open
               | source community, just that Red Hat could not exist
               | without that same community. I do not begrudge Red Hat
               | making money. I do think they're being extremely
               | shortsighted if and when they shut off the larger open
               | source community's uses of their core OS product. They're
               | making their whole ecosystem much harder to get talent
               | for if they do that, and it's not like entities running
               | Rocky or Alma are just going to spring for RHEL. We trade
               | on our staff's skill as System/Linux Administrators, and
               | the core OS is not as important as all that. It's like if
               | Python started requiring licensing fees. You'd get some
               | short term return on that and some larger entities will
               | just pay, but you'd see python usage in the general
               | community plummet, with all that entails about its
               | future.
               | 
               | Maybe to their eyes it makes more sense in this current
               | world of startups and VC to just exclude the smaller
               | players, since those companies that grow organically to a
               | size where Red Hat's pricing makes sense are much rarer?
        
           | jzb wrote:
           | "Please, dear Red Hat, just give me a DigitalOcean VM (or
           | something comparable) that costs a few dollars more and has
           | automatic RHEL licensing."
           | 
           | This is a two-way street. It's not all on Red Hat. I don't
           | know to what extent Red Hat has or hasn't tried to do a deal
           | with Digital Ocean but it's not as simple as Red Hat just
           | deciding to do it. There's a fair amount of certification
           | work that DO would have to do as well as hammering out the
           | legal / business agreements.
           | 
           | The "comparable" part exists with many cloud providers, so if
           | you're not married to Digital Ocean then that part should be
           | doable. Red Hat also has some programs around subscription
           | portability.
           | 
           | However, I do get it that the subscription process introduces
           | friction and for small shops that have a patchwork
           | infrastructure as you describe, it's going to be difficult.
           | Some of that is on Red Hat to solve if they want your money,
           | but not all of it. They can't do it all themselves by fiat if
           | Digital Ocean isn't willing to meet them halfway.
        
             | avhception wrote:
             | We're not married to DigitalOcean, but changing cloud
             | providers also takes time and investment we'd rather spend
             | elsewhere. And we'd still have to figure out what to do
             | with the bare metal instances, container images and
             | whatnot. The friction is very real.
        
               | ikiris wrote:
               | you have to understand, why would digital ocean want to
               | deal with this when they can use actual open source
               | options without the overhead?
        
           | jehb wrote:
           | > Please, dear Red Hat, just give me a DigitalOcean VM (or
           | something comparable) that costs a few dollars more and has
           | automatic RHEL licensing. Make deals with the VM providers,
           | work something out.
           | 
           | I think they do this on AWS and Azure (and maybe GCE?). DO
           | may just not see enough of their enterprise customers asking
           | for it for them to dispatch the lawyers and negotiators to
           | make this happen.
           | 
           | Disclosure: Ex-Red Hatter, but never got anywhere close to
           | anything related to sales or licensing.
        
             | avhception wrote:
             | Thanks for the hint! I will keep it in mind. Still waiting
             | for the situation to really calm down. We'd rather not
             | spend precious time and effort on changing clouds, and even
             | if we did we'd still need to figure out the situation
             | regarding bare metal and container images.
        
               | progmetaldev wrote:
               | Most likely switching from DO to AWS or Azure is going to
               | greatly increase your costs
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | From your description, IMHO you're not a freeloader,
           | especially since you want to contribute. You are the exact
           | type of people that I think Red Hat is harming themselves
           | with.
           | 
           | I'm in basically the same boat, currently using Linode. At
           | other companies I've made decisions to buy RHEL and
           | OpenShift, and would again because I've been pretty happy
           | (we'll see how this current thing shakes out).
           | 
           | I also went to work for Red Hat (and took a pay and title
           | cut) largely because I had so much love for them. I'd been
           | using Fedora and CentOS (pre-stream) for many years. The
           | expertise that I gained from the experience also let me hit
           | the ground running in my new job, and I made them a lot of
           | money. Had CentOS not existed, I would never have learned
           | their ecosystem and certainly wouldn't have gone to work
           | there. That's profit that is hard to measure, and it is hard
           | to directly tie it to somebody's commission or KPIs, but I'm
           | sure it's not unsubstantial. Many of the people I worked with
           | had a similar backstory!
           | 
           | I would also say (at least when I worked there) I didn't know
           | _anybody_ (who wasn 't a sales person) who would have called
           | us free loaders. Quite the opposite, they considered us part
           | of the community.
        
             | avhception wrote:
             | This is essentially my backstory as well. I'm typing this
             | on a Thinkpad running Fedora. RedHat seems to be focused on
             | big corp and government customers. But even they are not an
             | island. Loosing the grassroots will really hurt them in the
             | long term I think.
        
           | bayindirh wrote:
           | You with 100 instances is pretty sizeable. On the other hand,
           | I know _research infrastructures_ (read: thousands of
           | instances around Europe) built with CentOS 7, Alma  & Rocky.
           | 
           | These guys are also power users and developers who need no
           | support.
           | 
           | This is a massive blow by RedHat, and I'm not sure that
           | they're aware of the size of the install base they are
           | attacking to.
        
           | Twirrim wrote:
           | > Please, dear Red Hat, just give me a DigitalOcean VM (or
           | something comparable) that costs a few dollars more and has
           | automatic RHEL licensing. Make deals with the VM providers,
           | work something out.
           | 
           | Most of the major clouds _have_ this pre-existing capability
           | to charge more and revenue share the extra through their
           | marketplace services etc; and they 're in active use by other
           | vendors. It's often a good source of revenue for both the
           | cloud company and the vendor, and helps the customers by
           | providing them with prebuild solutions that they don't have
           | to build themselves (e.g. web application firewall vendors
           | can/do provide closed source images that customers can use
           | that way). It's not like this is expecting cloud companies to
           | build whole new services from whole cloth just to support Red
           | Hat.
        
           | AlgorithmicTime wrote:
           | >Please, dear Red Hat, just give me a DigitalOcean VM (or
           | something comparable) that costs a few dollars more and has
           | automatic RHEL licensing. Make deals with the VM providers,
           | work something out.
           | 
           | We've tried to make deals with RH in the past, but they will
           | only let us sell RHEL VMs with licenses if it's running on a
           | RHEL hypervisor... which none of our platform is using at
           | all.
        
             | freedomben wrote:
             | I think this sucks, but for a little bit of defense of RH
             | on this the entire support stack is built around assuming a
             | RHEL host (meaning you're using a supported and exact
             | version of the hypervisor and associated tools). Adding
             | support capabilities for a non-RHEL host would be a major
             | task, and not one they are well equipped to do.
             | 
             | Now that said it's a bit dumb because with most things it's
             | not hard for support to tell your customer, "yep that's a
             | problem in the guest" and help, or "that's a problem with
             | the host, contact DO" or whoever.
             | 
             | But in general, when Red Hat says something is "supported"
             | they are guaranteeing a lot about it. They'll literally fix
             | the code if something is wrong. There's also a culture
             | internally of "be careful helping with something that is
             | 'unsupported'" because customers have previously accused RH
             | people of messing stuff up and demanding they fix it. I
             | helped with stuff like that most of the time when I worked
             | for RH, but I was always very clear with the customer that
             | "this isn't Red Hat, this is me helping as a friend and
             | fellow Linux nerd" and the rapport with the customers was
             | always good enough that I wasn't worried.
        
               | progmetaldev wrote:
               | As someone who has done this, and benefitted from others
               | doing this, I think the open sharing is probably the
               | number one reason to use these types of solutions. You
               | get people that are in their own niche and know specific
               | parts of the system inside and out. That builds
               | credibility and increased profits, but the companies are
               | too nervous to stand behind their people.
        
               | bonzini wrote:
               | > you're using a supported and exact version of the
               | hypervisor and associated tools
               | 
               | Having exact versions is not a problem (any version of
               | RHEL guests are supported on any RHEL hosts past and
               | future, almost). Plus Windows, ESX, Amazon and Google
               | clouds, and a few more.
               | 
               | Rather, the problem is having _up to date_ versions; with
               | RHEL you can often ask the customer to reproduce on an up
               | to date host if possible, with other distros the support
               | machinery isn't there and you need someone to talk to at
               | the cloud provider, so that they can debug stuff that
               | breaks only in their environment and can't be reproduced.
               | Otherwise you cannot guarantee the level of support that
               | you mention. Very few cloud provider can provide that, I
               | am not even sure that IBM's cloud made the short list.
        
               | XorNot wrote:
               | Isn't long term support Red Hat's thing? The ask isn't to
               | support some random system, it's for RH to put out an
               | official image and distro they support on cloud providers
               | and bake the licensing costs into the hourly runtime
               | fees.
               | 
               | This is exactly how you consume Windows on AWS and it's a
               | huge incentive to do it that way because it takes
               | licences management out of consideration.
        
               | bonzini wrote:
               | The cloud provider is also running software, the cloud
               | doesn't run on magic dust. Red Hat doesn't supports RHEL
               | on your blood if they don't believe they can trust you to
               | help supporting RHEL, the way their customers expect. The
               | easiest way is to run RHEL as the bare metal OS but it's
               | not the only way.
               | 
               | > This is exactly how you consume Windows on AWS and it's
               | a huge incentive to do it that way because it takes
               | licences management out of consideration.
               | 
               | It's also how you consume RHEL on AWS, GCE or Azure.
        
             | avhception wrote:
             | That's sad.
             | 
             | And we'd have to figure out what to do with the bare metal
             | instances and containers, too.
        
           | jsight wrote:
           | Honestly, there are a ton of people like you out there. A big
           | selling point for Red Hat has always been their contributions
           | to the community and that funding them would help to drive
           | that.
           | 
           | It is a big motivator for people transitioning from your
           | state to becoming a customer.
        
           | dralley wrote:
           | >Please, dear Red Hat, just give me a DigitalOcean VM (or
           | something comparable) that costs a few dollars more and has
           | automatic RHEL licensing. Make deals with the VM providers,
           | work something out.
           | 
           | This 100% already exists, but I don't believe Digital Ocean
           | is one of the supported vendors.
        
         | rwmj wrote:
         | _> Continue to make it so that rebuilders like Alma or Rocky
         | can exist as bug-for-bug by having access to the source, but
         | reach an agreement with them not to offer or sell support._
         | 
         | That was CentOS (after acquisition by Red Hat but before CentOS
         | Stream). Unfortunately killed off.
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | Agreed, although there is one important difference: Red Hat
           | isn't behind Alma or Rocky like they were CentOS (yes they
           | did that to themselves by acquiring CentOS, but that was in
           | the past. It was a mistake, but we have to move forward from
           | where we are _today_ ). A lot of people knew that CentOS was
           | owned by Red Hat and that made them a lot more comfortable
           | using it. They kind of had to change that relationship
           | somehow. I'm not happy at all that they did it, but I can
           | understand why.
           | 
           | Option 1 above allows them to keep that "those are third
           | parties, not Red Hat" relationship but still have the
           | benefits of a free community build.
        
         | acomjean wrote:
         | almost 20 years ago when I took a Red Hat Kernel internals
         | class (at Redhat) they basically told us to use CentOS if we
         | wanted to experiment with RHEL. (We were preparing for a
         | transition from the HPUX/Solaris machines.). But it worked,
         | some of our architects did that and we could get the scheduler
         | behaving similar to HPUX. I left that company, but I'm pretty
         | sure they did switch and RedHat got a big contract out of it.
         | 
         | We've come a long way.
        
         | redundantly wrote:
         | > Red Hat, you NEED to fix this
         | 
         | You should be addressing IBM. This is how they operate. Things
         | will only get more strict and more difficult to work with from
         | here. They don't care about good will. They don't care about
         | OSS. The only thing that matters is dominance in the market
         | place to take care of their bottom line.
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | A lot of Red Hat people pay attention to forums like this,
           | and I would bet money there's a big discussion going on
           | internally right now. IBM couldn't care less, but the people
           | at Red Hat will. They're also not powerless (at least, they
           | weren't when I left a few years ago).
        
           | jzb wrote:
           | Obviously IBM owns Red Hat now and all that. But people
           | overestimate how much involvement IBM has day-to-day with Red
           | Hat. (Source: I'm a former Red Hatter, left last year.)
           | 
           | At worst I'd imagine that IBM's influence is felt this way:
           | IBM expects x% growth and other metrics every quarter. How
           | that is achieved is up to Red Hat's executives. If the
           | leadership at Red Hat decides it can do that with the status
           | quo, then I don't think IBM is going to say "no, you _must_
           | change the source distribution to fit our evil plan. "
           | 
           | The worst thing that IBM has done directly (IMO) was plucking
           | Jim Whitehurst away from Red Hat and over to IBM, but not
           | making him CEO. Whatever reason IBM chose to do that, it
           | wasn't good for Red Hat or IBM long-term in my opinion.
        
         | bamfly wrote:
         | I think this is a key part of where they've been aiming for
         | _years_. Since the  '00s, even. Maybe earlier, IDK. I just have
         | their public behavior to go on, but it sure _looks_ like a
         | long-term strategy. If it 's not, it ought to be, because
         | they're doing most of the work for it anyway.
         | 
         | 1) Steer enough of the Linux ecosystem that Red Hat is _the_
         | most-qualified support source for common Linux stacks,
         | including maneuvering to make it difficult to decouple or avoid
         | them in other distros (Systemd, Gnome, and Wayland are key
         | plays here).
         | 
         | 2) Cut off access to the blessed least-risky-for-enterprise
         | version of your product.
         | 
         | 3) You _are_ Linux for much of the market. You own it. Profit.
        
           | busterarm wrote:
           | a.k.a. The more things change, the more they stay the same.
           | 
           | Few of us have careers long enough to remember purchasing SCO
           | or HP-UX or similar and what that whole experience was like.
           | We're positively blessed compared to how things were in the
           | '90s.
           | 
           | Red Hat's leadership forgets what made them successful in the
           | first place and wants those bad old days back badly.
        
             | kbenson wrote:
             | When you're not at the top you want competition, since you
             | _are_ competition. When you 're at the top you want to
             | choke competition and gate as much as you can. It's a story
             | as old as trade itself.
        
           | kelnos wrote:
           | > _Systemd, Gnome, and Wayland are key plays here_
           | 
           | Systemd, sure, but I would assume that the vast majority of
           | Red Hat's support contracts would be for server use, where
           | GNOME and Wayland are irrelevant.
        
             | bamfly wrote:
             | Gnome was a major lever in making it hard for other distros
             | to avoid systemd, early on. The way Wayland's been
             | structured and that... transition, such as it is, has been
             | managed, smells a whole lot like a fire-and-motion move,
             | and besides, dominance there was necessary to keep Mir from
             | winning as the successor to X-Window and making it possible
             | for Ubuntu to follow Red Hat's playbook and use it to push
             | some of their other, deeper-in-the-stack projects (they'd
             | have been _neatly_ positioned to interfere with both
             | Systemd and Gnome, had they won). I don 't think Red Hat
             | would let Ubuntu push _anything_ of note, at this point,
             | without countering it, for (justified!) fear of their own
             | tactics being turned on them.
             | 
             | https://www.joelonsoftware.com/2002/01/06/fire-and-motion/
             | 
             | Systemd's the main body of Red Hat's army here, if you will
             | --no doubt that's the most important part of all this--but
             | other projects have played other important roles in
             | supporting or defending it, at times.
        
               | xorcist wrote:
               | It's not like Red Hat planned and schemed to execute on
               | Wayland as a plan for domination, but their decision to
               | support Wayland as an existing project with technical
               | merit staffed by skilled people might well have been
               | tactical for the reason you mention.
               | 
               | Some people tend to imagine the first situation and
               | rightly dismiss it as a post facto conspiration but the
               | second situation is utterly realistic. They may even not
               | have realized until much later how right they got.
               | 
               | And I say that as someone who is convinced we need
               | something like Wayland, the sooner the better. But we
               | also have to avoid being naive about how business is
               | done.
        
           | zh3 wrote:
           | You missed 'deprecating the alternatives' :)
           | 
           | Somewhat jaded opinion after many years in the business, but
           | these companies exploiting OSS for profit have learnt from
           | how Microsoft's moves have played out over the years (and are
           | now making their own mistakes). Given the only way they make
           | money is by providing support, obviously they're going to go
           | the MS route (make operation arcane and complex, as per your
           | first point).
        
             | kelnos wrote:
             | > _You missed 'deprecating the alternatives'_
             | 
             | I don't want to disagree too hard with this, because I,
             | too, have been uncomfortable with the march toward making
             | it very difficult to build a Linux system without things
             | like systemd (I actually don't have all that much of a
             | problem with systemd anymore, but I also value choice).
             | 
             | But no one company can deprecate anything. The source is
             | all there, under permissive licenses. If people want
             | sysvinit or openrc (etc.) to work well in order to build
             | systems without systemd (for example), they are free to
             | maintain, support, and evangelize them. And this happens,
             | to some degree. If it's not happening to the degree we're
             | all happy with, then we should pitch in to help, either
             | with our labor, or financially. Otherwise we don't really
             | get a say.
        
               | bamfly wrote:
               | They just have to make it hard/risky/expensive to keep
               | using things they've declared deprecated, or to avoid the
               | software they're pushing & steering. Which they've done
               | pretty damn effectively (again, if this were all somehow
               | accidentally, holy shit, it _shouldn 't_ have been,
               | because, _wow_ , it's been a highly-successful-and-
               | effective set of business maneuvers executed over a span
               | of years)
               | 
               | Doesn't matter if some hobbyists still run Gentoo with
               | openrc and X-Window with Windowmaker and all the classic
               | interchangeable daemons and components that Systemd
               | replaced (and with which it is incompatible)--it matters
               | that any _commercial_ competitor 's only realist option,
               | short of a massive and risky investment, is offering the
               | same things Red Hat does, but with less influence on
               | those projects. They want it to be expensive to build a
               | competitor that's not a Red Hat knockoff--and if that's
               | not what they wanted, well, somehow they took a whole
               | bunch of steps over a span of years to make it happen
               | anyway, by accident I suppose, but the outcome's the
               | same.
        
               | notabee wrote:
               | As ever, solidarity matters. The only way to get out of
               | these embrace, extend, extinguish cycles is to form
               | independent organizations that are never beholden to a
               | single company or even a small handful. Individuals can't
               | stand up to the efforts of teams of company-paid
               | developers just by contributing their free time. But it's
               | very hard to create such an organization without the
               | companies immediately recognizing the need to stuff as
               | many of their proxies into said org to gain influence,
               | and that's a difficult thing to counter. As an ecosystem,
               | we need to contend not only with whether a particular
               | thing like systemd works well or solves a problem but
               | also whether it has predatory intentions. This is simply
               | what the incentives lead to unless the community has a
               | strong voice to counter such attempts. And in this day
               | and age, that also includes dealing with all the
               | submarine articles and other consent manufacturing that
               | are well within the budget of any large company to try to
               | fake organic community discourse.
        
           | IntelMiner wrote:
           | That sounds a lot more like Canonical's (attempted)
           | strategies
           | 
           | 1) Be the defacto "new user" or "newbie friendly" distro for
           | two decades
           | 
           | 2) Keep making asinine attempts to monetize your users
           | (Amazon search bar comes to mind)
           | 
           | 3) Try to pivot and break core Linux functionality so
           | software _only_ works on you (Keeping Upstart after everyone
           | else abandoned it, Mir instead of Wayland and the horrendous
           | amount of forking done to GTK and others to get that hideous
           | 'Unity' desktop going)
        
             | bamfly wrote:
             | Yes, Canonical has been their main competitor on each point
             | and it's _possible_ the threat of Canonical is what sent
             | them this direction in the first place [EDIT: or vice-versa
             | --Ubuntu may have attempted to  "own" parts of their system
             | in response to Red Hat's moves to do the same, I'm not sure
             | how exactly that timeline works out and all I have to go on
             | is how both have behaved].
             | 
             | Canonical-steered alternatives to Systemd, Gnome, and
             | Wayland, have been advanced (as you note: Mir, Unity,
             | Upstart) with less political and/or technical savvy than
             | Red Hat's efforts, and have all failed. Technically they
             | all still exist, in some form, but they're _de facto_ dead.
             | Snap /FlatPack is another place they're butting heads, and
             | I think it's fair to say Snap's not got a bright future,
             | but I guess it's technically still in the running, so we'll
             | have to call that one undecided.
        
               | vedranm wrote:
               | How exactly would Red Hat pursue such strategy and
               | compete with Canonical? Consider the fact that Red Hat
               | leaves the copyright to the contributor in Red Hat's
               | projects, while Canonical requires contributors to sign
               | CLA to get patches included in Canonical's projects.
               | Given this arrangement, Canonical both benefits from the
               | contributions and also has extra rights over the code
               | that everyone else doesn't have that gives them a
               | competitive advantage.
        
               | bamfly wrote:
               | What's that got to do with maneuvering for control of
               | extremely-important parts of Linux? If anything,
               | license/attribution fuckery would put you at a
               | disadvantage in that kind of a game. Red Hat was playing
               | for position, not material, in chess terms. Canonical may
               | have held more rights to their competing software, but it
               | doesn't matter a bit, because those projects are
               | irrelevant now. They "own" more, perhaps, but they're in
               | checkmate, so it doesn't matter. Who's looking to pay the
               | best-positioned claimant to "upstart maintainer" for
               | support? Practically nobody, and that's not a growing
               | market.
               | 
               | If you're an enterprise, do you see Canonical/Ubuntu or
               | Red Hat as the most-credible vendor to support Systemd,
               | which both of them are running? Is there anyone _else_
               | who might hold that title? The answer to those questions
               | _are the point_ of what Red Hat 's done (or else they've
               | accidentally achieved a pretty amazing coup through a
               | series of maneuvers that led to that outcome simply by
               | chance, which notion strikes me as unlikely).
               | 
               | What's important is making it extremely expensive to
               | launch or re-position a competitor distro to Red Hat that
               | actually ships substantially-different software than Red
               | Hat does, at a level of polish & reliability that might
               | let you compete with them. It leaves competing distros as
               | Red Hat _followers_. Which, fine if some hobbyists pick
               | that, what they care about is being perceived as the only
               | credible claimant to the title of first-party vendor _of
               | Linux, in most contexts_ by enterprise.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | progmetaldev wrote:
             | I think you can really only use this assumption if you are
             | talking about desktop Linux. Using the Ubuntu server
             | version is mostly giving you Debian with more packages
             | available (and all the benefit and downsides to that).
        
             | freedomben wrote:
             | Agreed, I think Canonical has been a lot worse in this
             | respect than Red Hat. I think Red Hat's technical arguments
             | have merit, and they do a pretty good job separating
             | projects from the company so they are definitely not RPM
             | distro-only.
        
             | rlpb wrote:
             | > Keeping Upstart after everyone else abandoned it...
             | 
             | False. Ubuntu switched to systemd as soon as its upstream
             | (Debian) did.
             | 
             | See https://www.markshuttleworth.com/archives/1316
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | At the (current) top levels, you might be right. I don't
           | think it's been going on longer than 10 years though. I'd
           | guess maybe 5 or 6.
           | 
           | The bulk of engineering doesn't like this, but sadly for a
           | while now it's been a sales-driven company, and the IBM
           | influence has certainly not helped. Sales doesn't give a shit
           | about the health of Linux, or even the long-term health of
           | Red Hat. They want their commission and promotion, and pesky
           | open-source ideological things get in the way.
        
             | mrighele wrote:
             | I would say at least since udev was merged into systemd and
             | gnome adding an hard dependecy on systemd-logind [2], both
             | in 2012 so I would say more than 10 years.
             | 
             | To me that this was an act to force a Redhat-led project
             | through other Redhat-led projects.
             | 
             | [1] https://lwn.net/Articles/490413/ [2]
             | https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gnome-settings-
             | daemon/-/commi...
        
             | TheRealDunkirk wrote:
             | How about since July 9th, 2019?
        
               | hosteur wrote:
               | What happened then?
        
           | jacooper wrote:
           | Gnome and Wayland are the last worries for any enterprise
           | customer.
        
             | bamfly wrote:
             | Gnome's part of the play to make it painful for other
             | distros to avoid Systemd, which _does_ concern ~all
             | enterprise customers. And I 'm sure some of those
             | enterprise customers are paying for graphical workstations,
             | besides, even if it's a minority.
             | 
             | [EDIT] If I'm not communicating this well, consider: if Red
             | Hat steers several key projects that basically all other
             | serious distros are stuck with (in no small part due to Red
             | Hat maneuvering that _sure looks like_ it was designed to
             | bring this situation about on purpose), how can another
             | vendor ever be anything more than a knock-off of Red Hat?
             | Ubuntu tried to fight them on each of these points, and
             | others, and lost every time. Result: if you 're running
             | Ubuntu, much of your system is defined by, and the future
             | development of it steered by, Red Hat. You're practically
             | running a Red Hat knock-off, aside from their dead-man-
             | walking FlatPack competitor, Snap. May as well just pay for
             | support from a budget RHEL vendor... oh, wait, those just
             | got cut off, guess you'll be paying Red Hat. It
             | dramatically increases their moat and the cost of building
             | a credible competitor that's not basically just off-brand
             | Red Hat with less ability to steer the future of the
             | platform.
        
               | charcircuit wrote:
               | systemd makes enterprise customer's lives easier. It's
               | more reliable and it's easier to write your own units and
               | timers than what came before.
        
               | bamfly wrote:
               | Systemd's a lot more than an init system, and that's no
               | accident. Red Hat now determines where Linux goes in some
               | very important ways, and I think they believe they've
               | finally got a solid lock on that, after years of effort,
               | if they're making this move. Why go with a competitor (if
               | you're a paying customer, which is who matters) that's
               | just following in Red Hat's wake? And now, the options
               | for RHEL-in-a-different-label will be gone. Who's left?
               | Nobody, you're gonna pay Red Hat or eat extra (perceived,
               | if not actual) risk.
               | 
               | [EDIT] Nb that for the above it _doesn 't even matter_ if
               | Systemd's better than the pile of interchangeable daemons
               | and programs it replaced. I have opinions on that, but
               | it's irrelevant to Red Hat's market maneuvers, aside from
               | that it was important to them that it not be easy & safe
               | to cleanly replace, in part or whole.
        
               | sho_hn wrote:
               | Have you looked at 2022/23 commit logs for systemd and
               | matched those authors to employers?
               | 
               | (Preview: It's mostly Microsoft, Meta and Suse.)
        
               | jsight wrote:
               | The funny thing is that it looks like most of the
               | decisions leading to that outcome have been
               | overwhelmingly coincidental.
        
               | bamfly wrote:
               | I would be very surprised if it's a coincidence that
               | Systemd's as difficult to avoid, if you're building a
               | Linux distro, as it now is, nor a coincidence that it's
               | been going NIH all over the rest of the system ever since
               | Gnome was leveraged to speed up its adoption.
               | 
               | The point is to make it difficult to offer a credible
               | enterprise Linux distro that's not full of Red Hat-
               | steered software in key places, turning you into a cheap
               | knock-off of Red Hat with little say in what happens to
               | the software you're providing, in terms of future
               | development. It now costs a lot more money to get out of
               | Red Hat's shadow & control, as a would-be Red Hat
               | competitor--they're not just another distro among many,
               | they run the damn show.
        
           | tester756 wrote:
           | >You are Linux for much of the market. You own it. Profit.
           | 
           | What a twist!
           | 
           | So after all it wasn't Microsoft EEEing Linux, but actual
           | "Linux Companies"?!
        
             | anyoneamous wrote:
             | Microsoft tried and failed because their product is
             | strictly inferior for the market which Linux has ended up
             | dominating. Marketing and evil behaviour can definitely win
             | out over technical quality, but we were fortunate that it
             | didn't go that way in this case.
        
           | jzb wrote:
           | "Systemd, Gnome, and Wayland are key plays here"
           | 
           | GNOME and Wayland are utterly non-strategic for most of Red
           | Hat's business. If your theory of Red Hat's long-term
           | strategy hinges on those being strategic, then you need to go
           | back to the drawing board. You could fairly cite systemd, I
           | suppose, but Wayland and GNOME not so much.
           | 
           | On point 3 - that's not really controversial. All the Linux
           | vendors have tried to "be" Linux in the public market.
           | Canonical has certainly tried to be the brand-name Linux for
           | most users.
           | 
           | To the extent Red Hat has tried to steer the market w/r/t its
           | tech stack, it's done so pretty honestly and by trying to
           | persuade others to adopt its tech stack _and_ by doing the
           | work in the open. This is the opposite approach of Canonical
           | which has tried to push lots of NIH technologies to silo
           | people to Ubuntu and continues to fail at it over and over
           | again.
        
             | justinclift wrote:
             | Yeah. To me, this just seems like IBM feeling like their
             | existing (corporate) sales funnel is big enough that the
             | consequence of this (reducing OSS users based sales funnel)
             | aren't going to meaningfully matter.
             | 
             | Or, at least they won't matter while the current decision
             | makers are still at IBM. It could be a problem for future
             | IBM leaders, who will probably just attempt to buy SuSE or
             | Canonical or something at that point. ;)
        
             | bamfly wrote:
             | Gnome and Wayland countered Ubuntu's attempts to "own"
             | competitor projects in those areas (the current fight is
             | Snap/Flatpack). Gnome, in particular, was important as a
             | lever used to make it expensive for distros to avoid
             | Systemd, forcing it into _de facto_ standard status more
             | quickly than it may have achieved on its own merits (if it
             | ever would have--and maybe it would!), from which point
             | they 've started using Systemd to eat other system services
             | & daemons, increasing their control over the platform and
             | cementing their status as, effectively, the "first party"
             | vendor _for Linux itself_ --not literally the kernel, but
             | enough of the system that you've got to go pretty far into
             | _here be dragons_ territory, by the standards of
             | enterprise, at least, not to be using Red Hat-steered
             | software in key parts of your system--so if you want a say
             | in the direction of Linux, as you experience it, or
             | priority bugfixes from the best-possible source, or to talk
             | to experts who _write that software_ for a living, for
             | advice or training, you 're short on options other than...
             | Red Hat. Which is the whole point.
        
               | sho_hn wrote:
               | Gnome is a healthy non-profit foundation with the
               | majority of its organizational capacity (and income) not
               | associated with Red Hat.
               | 
               | Red Hat hasn't been dominant in Wayland for years. It's
               | very much a community effort, including governance and
               | maintainership.
               | 
               | systemd is currently mostly developed by employees of
               | Microsoft, Meta and Suse, aside from I guess Frantisek.
               | 
               | Red Hat does a lot, and I'm sure they have thoughts about
               | where they spend their money, but I don't think people
               | really understand how decoupled these projects and
               | communities are.
        
               | admax88qqq wrote:
               | It's funny how people view GNOME/systemd as some sort of
               | conspiracy rather than it just being what the people who
               | contribute want to work on.
        
               | anyoneamous wrote:
               | > the current fight is Snap/Flatpack
               | 
               | I work with enterprise customers every day who use RHEL,
               | it's free variants, and Ubuntu - I can promise that none
               | of them give a single shit about Flatpak or Snap. They
               | will never use either of them. Those tools are only
               | relevant to Linux on the desktop - the small size of that
               | market is exactly why both companies (mostly Canonical)
               | have gotten away with being a nuisance on this front.
        
               | dizhn wrote:
               | Flatpak is very relevant on the immutable OS space which
               | is being pushed hard as the future. It is mostly an
               | enterprise (server/vm) thing too.
        
               | anyoneamous wrote:
               | I just don't see people caring about an immutable OS in
               | the enterprise space. The central requirement is already
               | addressed by containers, and all of the security and
               | compliance stuff enterprises do is predicated on having a
               | "normal" OS - even if an immutable deployment is
               | technically more secure, that doesn't help you if your
               | auditors can't understand whether it checks the requisite
               | boxes.
        
         | pmontra wrote:
         | Maybe a solution for point 2 could be that the first five
         | licenses or activations are free.
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | That would help, but I think that only works optimally if
           | they also do number 1. If there is any "activation" process
           | or the like, it adds enough friction to cause problems,
           | especially in a modern CI/CD environment. It's not an easy
           | change by any stretch, but if they don't do something they're
           | going to be the next Oracle.
        
         | m463 wrote:
         | International Business Machines1 should merge with the
         | International Brotherhood of Magicians2 to get a better chance
         | of pulling this off.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM [2]
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Brotherhood_of_M...
        
       | totallywrong wrote:
       | > When Red Hat decided to turn the community CentOS distribution
       | into a leading-edge distro instead of basically "Red Hat
       | Enterprise Linux, but free", users like me were justifiably
       | angered.
       | 
       | I miss CentOS too. But how is that justifiable anger? Are you
       | angry at the myriad of companies using open source code to build
       | a paid product, and not giving it for free? I absolutely think
       | that it backfired and they shouldn't have done it, but I also
       | understand they had no obligation to maintain a 1:1 free
       | alternative of their main product. That's just an unrealistic
       | expectation imo.
        
         | soneil wrote:
         | Changing the support terms from 10 years to 1 year mid-stream
         | lost them a lot of trust. It's not just what they did, it's
         | how.
        
           | totallywrong wrote:
           | To that, I couldn't agree more.
        
         | leni536 wrote:
         | It's not comparable, as the source code is mostly not theirs.
        
           | totallywrong wrote:
           | As long as they comply with the licenses, which they do,
           | that's largely irrelevant I'm afraid.
        
             | soneil wrote:
             | I'm a little confused how this new move still complies with
             | many licences.
             | 
             | As a paying customer you receive access the sources, as
             | you're supposed to - but under contractual terms that you
             | can't share them.
             | 
             | Take the GPL as the most famous example. Providing me GPL'd
             | sources that I'm not allowed to redistribute under the same
             | terms definitely feels like it's against the spirit of the
             | agreement. I'm too warm-blooded to argue whether it's under
             | the letter.
        
               | totallywrong wrote:
               | It's been said elsewhere, you can legally redistribute,
               | but then they will end your subscription, as those are
               | the terms you agree to.
        
               | soneil wrote:
               | So the restriction isn't on exercising your rights on
               | what you've received, which would be under the terms of
               | the licence - it's on their willingness to provide you
               | with anything else, which would be under the terms of
               | their contract.
               | 
               | I think I'll stick with my position that it's not within
               | the spirit of the licence. (But I'd agree that this
               | change has no impact on this.)
        
               | pg_1234 wrote:
               | Not just the spirit, the GPLv2 terms include:
               | 
               | "Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work
               | based on the Program), the recipient automatically
               | receives a license from the original licensor to copy,
               | distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms
               | and conditions. You may not impose any further
               | restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights
               | granted herein."[1]
               | 
               | So if they forbid sharing, they can't distribute Linux
               | themselves.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-
               | licenses/gpl-2.0.html
        
             | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
             | It's _legally_ irrelevant, but if you want an explanation
             | for  "justifiable anger" it's extremely relevant.
        
         | shaan7 wrote:
         | These days isn't OpenShift their main product?
        
       | singpolyma3 wrote:
       | Can someone explain what the value of RHEL is supposed to be?
        
         | op00to wrote:
         | Yes, your Red Hat sales person can explain it, or perhaps their
         | web site. Posters are not here to do the bare minimum of
         | research for you that is freely available.
        
         | shaan7 wrote:
         | This comment sums it up quite well I think:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36438048
        
       | nolist_policy wrote:
       | This is great actually! Redhat continues to keep the same
       | maintainers and devs on payroll and working on the same open-
       | source projects, so the OSS ecosystem won't loose anything in
       | that regard.
       | 
       | But where will the big research labs that previously used
       | Scientific Linux, then Almalinux go now? CentOS Stream? Debian?
       | They will switch some systems to RHEL, but probably only a
       | minority.
       | 
       | I wonder what distro will gain from this, makes me excited for
       | the future.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | stndef wrote:
       | Red Hat, you made the internet's nicest man, Jeff Geerling, upset
       | and you should be ashamed of yourselves.
        
       | taylodl wrote:
       | Is anyone surprised?
       | 
       | Red Hat has been running roughshod over the Linux community for
       | some time now. I say good riddance!
        
       | synergy20 wrote:
       | I have been using debian and ubuntu for almost two decades
       | without using Redhat, things seems OK, will this change by Redhat
       | push more users to debian|ubuntu side?
       | 
       | Canonical probably will do something similar in the future, but
       | at least we have Debian.
        
         | fariszr wrote:
         | I mean they might've already done it, is Ubuntu Pros source
         | code open?
        
       | tguvot wrote:
       | "Any headline that ends in a question mark can be answered by the
       | word no."
       | 
       | i worked in many different companies (including multi-billion
       | revenue per year), and all of them used centos in order to have
       | "proper enterprise linux" but for free. The only cases when real
       | redhat was used is for something that actually required it by
       | licensing/support terms - like Oracle, or alternatively
       | contractual obligations for SLA.
       | 
       | Pretty sure that IBM/Redhat know this as well and "third party
       | open source packages compatability" not exactly something that
       | they care about. Availability of sources only takes business from
       | them.
       | 
       | I personally somewhat happy about it. I moved to Debian 20 years
       | ago and it "uncomfortable" to live in RH derived world. Even
       | though Redhat 4 (or 4.1) was first ever Linux distribution that I
       | installed back in 1997
       | 
       | PS. Also when RedHat "partnered" with CentOS back in 2014, it was
       | somewhat obvious what is the direction. If there is anything that
       | it surprising, then it will be that it took so much time.
        
         | AdmiralAsshat wrote:
         | > i worked in many different companies, and all of them used
         | centos in order to have "proper enterprise linux" but for free.
         | The only cases when real redhat was used is for something that
         | actually required it by licensing/support terms - like Oracle,
         | or alternatively contractual obligations for SLA.
         | 
         | I worked on a product that allowed both RHEL and CentOS, and
         | then moved to a different one that mandated RHEL with a
         | supported contract. The latter was _far_ less stressful to deal
         | with, because any time there was an OS issue, we could pretty
         | easily tell them,  "Go to Red Hat." The shops that were on
         | CentOS on the other product tended to be small businesses (and
         | cheapskates), and every time an OS issue arose, it was a
         | screaming match trying to convince them that we're not going to
         | fix their OS for them.
        
           | tguvot wrote:
           | i just edited my post when you replied. companies where i
           | worked had multi-billion revenues. it's not exactly small
           | business. they just don't want to pay money for proper
           | redhat. they had money to do so, but savings are savings.
        
             | chasil wrote:
             | Red Hat also conducts software audits.
             | 
             | That is a huge reason to avoid them, regardless of the
             | savings.
        
               | tguvot wrote:
               | in some cases, it's just cost of doing business
        
       | sumanthvepa wrote:
       | I for one would be okay with a distro like AlmaLinux migrating
       | away from being an exact RHEL downstream clone to being an
       | independent stable RPM based distribution. Stability and RPM
       | ecosystem compatibility is what people are really looking for
       | when they use a distribution like RHEL. So any reasonable
       | distribution that provides those two will be sufficient to
       | migrate away from Fedora/Redhat entirely.
        
         | kjs3 wrote:
         | I wouldn't, and neither would a _lot_ of other shops I 'm
         | familiar with. Being able to run binary compatible distro in
         | dev/test/QA and pretty seamlessly migrate to supported RHEL in
         | prod is an important cost and risk containment measure. Now
         | it's either 1) deal with 'is this bug our issue or because of
         | something in the close-but-not-exact distro', 2) Dump our
         | current supported distro for another; RH support has been in my
         | experience very, very good, and no I don't think Rocky or the
         | rest will come close any time soon, or 3) take a pretty big
         | financial hit licensing RHEL everywhere.
         | 
         | May be time to look at SuSE again.
        
       | nickdothutton wrote:
       | Red Hat is IBM now. That might not be clear today, but give it 5
       | or 10 years and it will be.
        
         | kjs3 wrote:
         | IBM bought them in 2019. Do you need another 5 or 10 years to
         | figure it out?
        
       | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
       | Respectfully, what's wrong with CentOS for testing purposes?
        
         | jacooper wrote:
         | Isnt 100% compatible with RHEL, so the result won't really
         | represent what would happen on RHEL.
        
           | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
           | If it's not 100% compatible then how compatible is it?
           | 
           | If 100% compatibility is the requirement then the only option
           | has always been RHEL built, packaged, and distributed by Red
           | Hat. Not some 3rd party's infrastructure.
        
             | secabeen wrote:
             | CentOS Stream is not the same operating system as RHEL.
             | Original CentOS nearly was. 99+% of the time, if you ran
             | into a bug in CentOS, that bug could be replicated in RHEL.
             | For most people, that 99%+ compatibility was enough.
        
             | teruakohatu wrote:
             | Apparently the package versions don't match and the order
             | they are released don't match RHEL, so it is not possible
             | to be sure a package that works on CentOS Stream works on
             | any given version of RHEL.
        
       | javitury wrote:
       | RHEL market share won't last forever, so they have decided to
       | milk the Red Hat cow as fast as they can.
       | 
       | Long term, people will switch to containers and cloud apps
       | (Kubernetes, AWS). In this new environment, operating systems are
       | commoditized and RHEL's moat will slowly shrink. Instead,
       | developers will focus on alpine, debian or similar.
        
         | time0ut wrote:
         | My company is steadily moving from being a heavy RH shop (RHEL
         | and OpenShift) to Amazon (Amazon Linux 2 and EKS) as we migrate
         | from our colos to AWS. RH has been a good vendor and I have no
         | complaints, but it makes little sense in the long run. I am
         | sure they are feeling it.
        
         | creatonez wrote:
         | Red Hat has significant involvement in container platforms
         | right now.
        
           | javitury wrote:
           | Those are different Red Hat products and belong to different
           | layers of the cloud stack.
           | 
           | Previously third party developers targeted RHEL directly,
           | enhancing the RHEL ecosystem. Red Hat could play long term by
           | (indirectly) giving away the base product to the community,
           | and profit from the increase in support subscriptions.
           | 
           | New projects don't target RHEL as often as their primary
           | platform, they prefer containers now. There is less ecosystem
           | enhancement and it's more profitable to milk existing RHEL
           | users. Centos Stream makes it possible to smooth the
           | transition to the new paradigm.
           | 
           | Openshift, Coreos, etc have different purposes and follow
           | different market dynamics. Mainstream developers don't target
           | them directly.
        
       | game_the0ry wrote:
       | Corporate brain fucking up yet another formerly admired
       | organization.
       | 
       | RIP Redhat. And fuck you, IBM.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | Everybody treats the sale of a company like you've won a game
         | of Life. I went through a few where I obviously did not become
         | a millionaire, and with a lot of time and unpacking it with
         | coworkers and people with similar experiences, it's more like
         | an Irish Wake.
         | 
         | Sure there's booze and laughter, but something unique has been
         | lost to the world, and that's why we are all here.
        
       | jpswade wrote:
       | This isn't a RedHat problem, it's an IBM problem.
        
       | mynonameaccount wrote:
       | I disagree. RedHat can do whatever they want just like you can do
       | whatever you want. Don't like what RedHat is doing, then change
       | your distro.
        
       | cowmix wrote:
       | "yes"
       | 
       | That's today's episode of EZ answers to EZ questions.
        
         | Alifatisk wrote:
         | What a great episode, see you on the next!
        
       | throwawaaarrgh wrote:
       | Y'all are talking to the subsidiary of a Fortune 500 like it has
       | ears, or feelings. It doesn't. It doesn't care about your open
       | source. It doesn't care about logic, or slowly shooting itself in
       | the foot, or alienating its base.
       | 
       | It cares about sales, profits, and the balance sheet. As long as
       | it can make a profit, the people supporting and developing for
       | its platform _for free_ can go fly a kite. And it will continue
       | to burn itself into the ground until it becomes a write-off.
       | Because there is no founder worried about its livelihood to try
       | to right the ship. There is merely an executive VP who needs to
       | jigger the numbers to make it look like they got another win this
       | year so he can make his bonus.
       | 
       | I call this Corporate Source.
        
         | Aperocky wrote:
         | There are Corporate and then there are IBM.
         | 
         | Some corporations have a working long term plan, even if those
         | plans are are purely about making more money in the future.
         | Can't say the same for IBM.
        
         | pengaru wrote:
         | Wait, you're telling me IBM isn't committed to their messaging
         | of Peace Love Linux, 23 years later?
         | 
         | https://linuxgizmos.com/files/peace-love-linux.jpg
        
         | freedomben wrote:
         | You're probably right, but for some of us (certainly me) Red
         | Hat is like an old friend. If there's even a tiny chance we can
         | stop them from running off of a cliff, we have to try. When we
         | see the self-harm they are doing, it pains us.
         | 
         | Now, if there were widespread engineering dissatisfaction and
         | turnover and they started losing some of the top talent and
         | nerd-famous people that work there, I think there's a chance
         | the people at the top would listen. Just a chance of course.
        
         | loudmax wrote:
         | I think the hope is that Red Hat would care about its own long
         | term profitability. That is, the people running Red Hat will
         | realize that they're sacrificing future revenue by prioritizing
         | instant profits and this course is unsustainable. If they're
         | interested in maximizing long term revenue, they should take
         | the long term view.
         | 
         | That is a reasonable idea. Unfortunately, the situation seems
         | to be that the execs making these decisions are taking a pump
         | and dump approach to the brand and don't care if Red Hat is
         | still in business by the end of the decade. They'd rather the
         | certainty of a dollar today than the promise of ten dollars
         | tomorrow.
        
           | eikenberry wrote:
           | > I think the hope is that Red Hat would care about its own
           | long term profitability.
           | 
           | They are a public corporation. They only care about the short
           | term sheet as that is all investors care about. As long as
           | the stock market punishes long term thinking this is what you
           | will get. Part of me thinks it is by design... that it is
           | easier to make money in the market if you have a steady flow
           | of companies going public then eventually going out of
           | business.
        
             | mananaysiempre wrote:
             | > As long as the stock market punishes long term thinking
             | this is what you will get.
             | 
             | I hate to have to ask this, but _why is this not priced
             | in_? In a naive conception of the stock market, public
             | knowledge that a company is screwing itself over is
             | basically free money, and somebody should take that money
             | and thereby push the stock price down. Why, again and again
             | in tech, does that not happen? Is the slow decline simply
             | too slow or what?
        
               | BirAdam wrote:
               | There are a few parts to this. The first is, the future
               | is currently extremely uncertain and therefore short term
               | moves make sense. The second is the same as every other
               | industry, if the price of money (interest rates) is super
               | low people accumulate debt leveraging the future for the
               | present and thereby raising the need for immediate
               | return. This second part creates a feedback loop of
               | constantly needing more and more revenue to pay the
               | lenders. The third part of this is that most megacorps
               | become seriously dysfunctional over time. There are a ton
               | of reasons for this, but it mostly comes down to growing
               | bureaucratization. IBM is among the worst in this regard,
               | and many people predicted exactly this future when IBM
               | bought Red Hat.
        
               | eikenberry wrote:
               | Personally I see it as an inherent flaw in the corporate
               | model and we should rethink the idea of permanent
               | corporations.
        
         | gary_0 wrote:
         | Do not anthropomorphize the IBM.
        
           | sneed_chucker wrote:
           | I always come back to Bryan Cantrill telling me not to stick
           | my arm into a lawnmower.
        
             | Jalad wrote:
             | Amazing talk that's referenced in this thread. Good review
             | of Sun's opensource history, and a hilarious amount of
             | shade thrown at Oracle:
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-zRN7XLCRhc
             | 
             | The specific clip starts at 33 minutes but I recommend
             | watching the whole thing. Also Bryan is on HN!
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | It hates it when you do that.
        
           | RobotToaster wrote:
           | and above all, never feed it after midnight
        
           | Thoreandan wrote:
           | (1992) https://genius.com/Information-society-where-would-i-
           | be-with...
        
           | Nifty3929 wrote:
           | This is an important point! Corporations don't make decisions
           | - individual people do. A corporation is a piece of paper in
           | a drawer.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | zb3 wrote:
       | Why should Red Hat provide its main product (stability,
       | compatibility, support) for free? Why are enterprise users so
       | entitled? Why should Red Hat care about them at all?
        
         | jillesvangurp wrote:
         | While I agree with that partially, unfortunately I don't agree
         | that it's a wise move for IBM. There is indeed a weird dynamic
         | where IBM is basically funding third party companies to make a
         | profit reselling what is advertised as a bug for bug compatible
         | version of their own software while struggling to sell the
         | original.
         | 
         | So, I can see the logic of IBM wanting to end that. Of course
         | the flip side is that that might prompt those third party
         | companies to cut loose and join forces on creating a proper
         | alternative that is effectively an independent fork that
         | replaces Red Hat as an upstream. Amazon would be well familiar
         | with that playbook of course. And they already have Amazon
         | Linux as their in house preferred Red Hat derivative. And I
         | seriously doubt Amazon cares a lot about bug for bug
         | compatibility. In fact the whole point for them is probably not
         | having most of those bugs to begin with. They just want a
         | stable upstream that they can pull changes from.
         | 
         | That's what makes this such a dumb move. IBM/Red Hat might get
         | a few users to jump ship to the paid Red Hat. But most simply
         | won't. And the further which ever fork emerges as the
         | alternative diverges the less likely it becomes that users will
         | still want to consider switching. Users want a stable upstream
         | but it's not a given that IBM is the ideal steward of that
         | upstream. And with Amazon, Oracle, Rocky, Alma, etc. all
         | needing the same thing, the logical alternative for them would
         | be to unite and form a foundation that takes that role.
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Recent and related:
       | 
       |  _Impact of RHEL Changes to AlmaLinux_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36436375 - June 2023 (43
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Red Hat cutting back RHEL source availability_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36420259 - June 2023 (299
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Red Hat Now Limiting RHEL Sources to CentOS Stream_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36419586 - June 2023 (27
       | comments)
        
       | jacobsenscott wrote:
       | It is completely mystifying to me that anyone would use a
       | "commercial" version of linux at all. I can't image commercial
       | linux support is better than google and s.*overflow. I guess the
       | answer is, as always, lawyers.
        
         | teruakohatu wrote:
         | > I can't image commercial linux support is better than google
         | 
         | You get a real expert engineer answering your questions and
         | even fixing package source verses an outdated answer on SO.
        
         | tredre3 wrote:
         | > I can't image commercial linux support is better than google
         | and s.*overflow. I guess the answer is, as always, lawyers.
         | 
         | Then I guess you've never dealt with Red Hat.
         | 
         | Sure I can spend a few hours Googling about mysterious log
         | entries, blindly try various solutions that will fuck my system
         | even more, and eventually I might even find a solution.
         | 
         | OR I can just ping my support contact, get on with other tasks,
         | and receive a magical solution by the end of the day. And if
         | it's a software bug, they might even patch it!
        
       | ledgerdev wrote:
       | Reminds me of the wise words of Steve Jobs, the sales and
       | marketing people are running things now. The product Genius has
       | been rotted out, by people who have no conception of good
       | product, no feeling in their heart about wanting to help
       | customers.
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P4VBqTViEx4
        
       | soulbadguy wrote:
       | I can't help that think this kind of move should be expected once
       | IBM bought red hat. The core of the issue is an trying to extract
       | more value from a well run/well optimize business which usually
       | happens after such large acquisition. There is a fundamental
       | limit to the kind of return on investment that a OSS first/sell
       | support model can provide. In the short term, it's probably more
       | profitable to pivot to more close model, and try to extract even
       | more value from captive audience... But only time will tell how
       | that pans out in the long term.
        
       | PedroBatista wrote:
       | Red Hat is IBM, do the math.
       | 
       | This is not the inflammatory surface level comment that it seems
       | to be, Red Hat invests and supports a lot of opensource projects
       | and there are many good people there, but..
       | 
       | Red Hat is IBM, do the math.
        
       | andix wrote:
       | I think a lot of companies are using RHEL and Alma/Rocky side by
       | side. Because they are compatible, because people have an easy
       | time to switch between them. I don't think that those people will
       | move their license free servers to RHEL, but they will probably
       | switch to Debian/Ubuntu.
       | 
       | So in the end Red Hat will have a smaller market share and less
       | support from the community. Currently most software provides a
       | package at least for RHEL and Debian/Ubuntu. That may change in
       | the future, if the amount of RHEL compatible systems drop
       | significantly.
        
         | izacus wrote:
         | Noone is switching from RHEL to Ubuntu or Debian. If you're on
         | RHEL it's because you need their ridiculous long support cycle
         | which noone else comes close for.
         | 
         | It's used by people building medical hardware and telescopes,
         | not for website deployments.
        
           | andix wrote:
           | I meant their license free Alma/Rocky Servers.
        
           | AlgorithmicTime wrote:
           | [dead]
        
           | depereo wrote:
           | Sometimes it's because you're operating a platform for a
           | government entity and they have requirements like 'all OSes
           | are under support contracts'.
           | 
           | It's harder to get reputable support for debian in the south
           | Pacific. RH is damned near the only decent option.
        
             | throwawaaarrgh wrote:
             | Or compliance certifications. Whomever has the one you
             | need, that's the distro you're going with. And any customer
             | who needs that compliance usually has a boat load of cash.
             | 
             | Microsoft really missed an opportunity for a boatload of
             | cash by not putting out a distro for enterprise and
             | government use. I guess they're making up for it now on
             | Azure.
        
               | andix wrote:
               | If you're running some expensive software, the few
               | hundred bucks for a RHEL license doesn't matter at all.
               | Some database licenses easily reach a six figure price
               | per server. Custom built software often runs only on a
               | handful of servers and can then easily reach seven
               | figures per server.
        
           | phpisthebest wrote:
           | We did... Enterprise ERP systems...
        
           | bubblethink wrote:
           | Ubuntu offers 10 years which is the same. RH is more
           | entrenched, especially in the US. On the technical side,
           | aside from selinux v/s apparmor, there aren't too many
           | differences between Ubuntu and RHEL. RH has a few more custom
           | offerings on the server side (freeipa, openstack, rhev,
           | gluster, etc.), but those are probably not relevant for most
           | users.
        
             | MereInterest wrote:
             | Ubuntu has 5 years of "standard support", with EOL after 10
             | years. RHEL has 10 years of "production", with another 3-5
             | years of "extended support".
        
               | bubblethink wrote:
               | That's just corporate speak. They are all the same. If
               | you use RHEL after 5 years or after the .5 release, it
               | becomes plainly obvious that it's begging you to pull the
               | plug. It's only half assed security fixes after a few
               | years, no matter where you are. If a customer asks for 13
               | years, I'm sure Canonical will oblige.
               | 
               | Edit: I'm talking about Ubuntu Pro that is 10 years.
        
               | MereInterest wrote:
               | Ah, that makes sense. As somebody outside the RHEL
               | ecosystem, my main experience is needing to argue that
               | maintaining compatibility with whatever ancient version
               | of gcc ships with the oldest "production" version of RHEL
               | isn't worth it. (E.g. that it is okay to require C++14
               | support)
        
               | izacus wrote:
               | It's that "corporate speak" that wins paid contracts for
               | software that needs to run for a decade or more.
               | 
               | RHEL competitor in the market is Windows, not half
               | supported hobby distros.
        
               | bonzini wrote:
               | I can't find numbers, but an awful lot of customers are
               | still on RHEL 7 which was released in 2014. It's old but
               | it's way more up to date than Ubuntu 14.04.
               | 
               | I myself only switched (to CentOS Stream 9) last February
               | for my personal servers.
        
               | bubblethink wrote:
               | Canonical started that 10 year thing only recently (maybe
               | around 18.04). Also, you need to be on the pro
               | subscription to get updates beyond 5 years. So a more
               | accurate comparison would be 18.04+pro and RHEL 8,
               | accounting for the fact that RHEL 8 is a year newer. Or
               | 22.04 and RHEL 9.
        
             | rch wrote:
             | FreeIPA is a compelling differentiator.
             | 
             | I've just started testing the port that recently landed in
             | NixOS.
        
               | bubblethink wrote:
               | FreeIPA is nice, if over engineered and fragile. There is
               | nothing preventing Canonical from packaging it, they just
               | don't see enough demand probably, and for the most part,
               | they care about ubuntu clients joining an AD domain,
               | which I think Canonical supports.
        
           | wingmanjd wrote:
           | Fwiw, we moved (are moving) on from RHEL and derivatives to
           | Debian/ Ubuntu servers at $DAYJOB. We were planning on
           | deploying Centos 8 before the Stream debacle came along.
        
           | monkeywork wrote:
           | SuSE offers 10+ years support windows, is also RPM based, and
           | has been the RHEL of Europe really for decades.
        
             | izacus wrote:
             | Indeed, SuSE is a much more likely alternative than others
             | that are being thrown around.
        
             | jacooper wrote:
             | But support from the community almost doesnt exist.
        
       | charcircuit wrote:
       | Imagine if a Windows developer complained that they had to get a
       | license for Windows in order to make sure their software worked
       | on Windows. It is entitled to think that just because you are a
       | developer that you deserve a license.
        
         | aidenn0 wrote:
         | I don't see this as being about entitlement either way. RHEL
         | isn't entitled to Jeff testing his software on RHEL, and Jeff
         | isn't entitled to test his software on RHEL for free. The point
         | was that a previously mutually beneficial arrangement is ended.
         | 
         | The thesis is that Red Hat needs 3rd party devs to test on RHEL
         | more than 3rd party devs need access to Red Hat, and if this is
         | true then the move is dumb.
        
         | izacus wrote:
         | The business hustlers of Hacker News demand everything be given
         | to them for free so they can then extract maximum margin for
         | their Salas built on top of free (as in beer) software. It
         | angers them when they find out that someone needs to pay for
         | OSS development too.
        
         | freedomben wrote:
         | That's a fair point, but as one of the developers who complains
         | about it, the difference for me at least is I don't support
         | Windows or Mac unless someone in the community will test it. I
         | only have Linux in my life, and I'm not buying Windows or Mac
         | in order to support those platforms. I'm not buying RHEL to
         | support that either. I'm a big Fedora user these days so I'll
         | probably end up supporting RHEL by inference since most Fedora
         | packages will work unchanged on RHEL, but I won't be testing
         | it. I'm also considering moving back to Arch, but Fedora is so
         | good that it's hard to picture leaving and Arch has the same
         | problem that Fedora now has (that there's no "server" version I
         | can use, and I like to use the same ecosystem on servers as I
         | do locally. That's actually why I started using EL in the first
         | place and have since been the cause of hundreds of purchased
         | licenses over the years).
         | 
         | And no CentOS Stream and Fedora Server aren't quite good enough
         | because at this point in my life I have many dozens of boxes to
         | maintain. I can't migrate every box every 6 to 12 months when
         | Fedora revs, and I can't install and test updates constantly
         | with CentOS. It would take a ton of my dev time that needs to
         | be used for dev.
        
         | coredog64 wrote:
         | Historically, Microsoft had very easy to access developer
         | programs to ensure that people were building software for
         | Windows. More recently, they gave out free VM images for time-
         | bombed Windows for the purpose. Currently, Windows 10 is free
         | if you don't need to access customizable features like desktop
         | background and are okay with a permanent notice on your
         | desktop.
        
           | johnvanommen wrote:
           | Agreed.
           | 
           | I'd argue it's never been easier to run a legitimate copy of
           | Windows with very few hassles without paying for it. Sure,
           | there's a watermark, but that's it.
        
         | gary_0 wrote:
         | You don't need to buy a license to test software on Windows:
         | https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/downloads/virt...
        
           | johnvanommen wrote:
           | Even as a dyed-in-the-wool Open Source Guy, I give kudos to
           | Microsoft for managing to avoid the pitfalls of it's peers.
           | 25 years ago, everyone seemed to hate the company, but
           | they've done a great job of turning a profit while _not_
           | alienating developers and operations folks.
        
             | eYrKEC2 wrote:
             | It's self-serving of me to like this clip by Balmer, but
             | maybe Microsoft gets it some times.
             | 
             | "Developers, Developers, Developers, Developers, [...]"
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vhh_GeBPOhs
        
       | ilyt wrote:
       | Nothing unexpected after IBM takeover sadly.
       | 
       | Pick Debian for your next install.
        
       | ape4 wrote:
       | IBM, are you d*mb?
        
         | mcguire wrote:
         | Yes.
        
       | mcdermott wrote:
       | Glad that we dumped CentOS/RHEL in favor of Ubuntu LTS years ago.
        
       | 120photo wrote:
       | How about everyone chip in so that Rocky/Alma can get a
       | subscription to RHEL and get the source that way? The GPL does
       | not say they have to publish the code in the wild just that they
       | have to provide it when they distribute. There are many companies
       | that use OSS, make modifications, and since they never distribute
       | are not required to make that source available.
        
       | superdug wrote:
       | I started my life with a plethora of distros, but I still
       | remember redhat 5.2. Redhat in the latter years as it tried to
       | incentivize became known to me as redhate. Their insistence on
       | gnome over kde was what broke us up, I thought getting bought by
       | IBM would be the nail in the coffin, it appears I was right.
        
       | kristianpaul wrote:
       | "Many people believe that the spirit of the GNU Project is that
       | you should not charge money for distributing copies of software,
       | or that you should charge as little as possible--just enough to
       | cover the cost. This is a misunderstanding.
       | 
       | Actually, we encourage people who redistribute free software to
       | charge as much as they wish or can. If a license does not permit
       | users to make copies and sell them, it is a nonfree license. If
       | this seems surprising to you, please read on."
       | 
       | https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/selling.html
        
         | BirAdam wrote:
         | I believe that it would stand to reason that if IBM/RH is not
         | permitting redistribution of sources made available in their
         | customer portal, this would constitute a violation of the GPL
         | for any GPL package.
         | 
         | I would assume that IBM/RH will then need to take the Apple
         | approach and quickly start working to replace GCC with LLVM and
         | next rid itself of all GPL software and stick with
         | MIT/BSD/OSC...
        
       | bubblethink wrote:
       | Seeing how Intel, AMD, AWS, etc. are involved in some way or the
       | other in maintaining their distros or supporting RHEL
       | derivatives, it would make sense for them to band together and do
       | an LTS distro from scratch, or pump enough money into Canonical
       | so that it becomes a viable competitor. The distro is not where
       | the alpha is. So why all the fuss ?
        
         | kjs3 wrote:
         | Only if they make Canonical dump snap.
        
         | izacus wrote:
         | Why on earth would they do that?
        
       | putnambr wrote:
       | Is there any risk to the Quarkus project from Red Hat's
       | involvement? It's been my go-to for Java webservices, but Red
       | Hat's track record is making me consider something like Helidon.
        
       | ddtaylor wrote:
       | As it stands I really like Fedora and I'm inclined to continue to
       | give it a shot. I hope I don't have to eat my words on that. I
       | _believe_ that the Fedora Project is somewhat independent of
       | RedHat, although they have a sponsorship arrangement.
        
         | fariszr wrote:
         | Its relatively independent, but I don't see how fedora can be a
         | RHEL replacement.
        
           | GlacierFox wrote:
           | It can if you like upgrading your entire operating system
           | every 6 months.
        
       | bubblethink wrote:
       | This is a pretty good opportunity for Canonical to pick up the
       | slack. Aside from the snap related self-sabotage, Canonical was
       | on a pretty good trajectory.
        
         | phatfish wrote:
         | Given their team up with Microsoft on Azure I don't see a
         | redemption arc anytime soon. What is left, SUSE I suppose for
         | an enterprise style LTS distro?
        
         | nvy wrote:
         | Don't forget baking Amazon ads into their default desktop
         | environment. Unity, was it? I forget which one.
        
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