[HN Gopher] Requiem for a bank loan
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       Requiem for a bank loan
        
       Author : Ozzie_osman
       Score  : 83 points
       Date   : 2023-06-16 16:49 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bitsaboutmoney.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bitsaboutmoney.com)
        
       | BSEdlMMldESB wrote:
       | I'm interested "the metaphysics" of credit emission
       | 
       | too bad this is not publicly permitted, I fear this stuff only
       | gets discussed in private (occulted) societies and 'back rooms'
       | (or private lounges) with lots of wooden furniture (I imagine)
       | 
       | when somebody emits a credit for somebody else, they've set a
       | requirement for the future, this has consequences that ain't so
       | simple; and what's worse, that are all taboo to discuss with
       | 'randos' (outsiders of any sort)
        
         | Biologist123 wrote:
         | There's some interesting ideas here of the type I'm interested
         | in. Can you eleborate a little further?
        
       | ryandrake wrote:
       | > So I had a brief negotiation with First Republic, where I asked
       | for (and got) a $100,000 credit line "for cash management
       | purposes." My recollection is that this took less than two hours
       | total, inclusive of time to write the loan application.
       | 
       | Fascinating look at a world that I just kind of assumed was only
       | for the ultra-wealthy. Who knew one could simply stroll into a
       | bank, and two hours later and a couple of signatures and
       | handshakes, simply walk out with a $100K _unsecured_ line of
       | credit! Mind blown. I always just assumed that you had to show
       | $millions in net worth or be some kind of Investment Banking
       | super-partner to the bank in order to get such generous
       | treatment. Or at least secure the credit with _something_. Wow.
        
         | hcknwscommenter wrote:
         | Unfortunately, your intuition is largely correct. The First
         | Republic product was unique, and basically a marketing tool (as
         | the article does explain). Typical unsecured rates for loans to
         | individuals are floating, calculated as (libor/sofor) + some
         | market rate, or maybe just prime+. The market rate can be quite
         | high.
        
         | nocoiner wrote:
         | Depending on prevailing circumstances (basically how long has
         | it been since there's been a financial crisis, or how frothy
         | are the markets currently?), it can be a pretty common product.
         | Like Patrick wrote, smaller lenders and private bank divisions
         | of the big banks (used to?) love to give these to people with
         | highly probable future income and wealth generation potential
         | (doctors, lawyers, etc.)
         | 
         | Though, am I wrong, or wouldn't it be pretty straightforward
         | for someone with what I assume would be average comp for an HN
         | reader to take out several credit cards and get a similar
         | amount of unsecured credit? Obviously a different loan product
         | (higher interest rate, non-amortizing) but isn't that a fairly
         | accessible path to six figures of unsecured debt?
        
         | lief79 wrote:
         | He already had 100k in other accounts, and not just retirement
         | savings. He was a safe bet.
        
       | cypherpunks01 wrote:
       | This is a great rule of thumb: "a 1% increase in prevailing
       | interest rates decreases the value of the loan by approximately
       | 1% per year of duration".
       | 
       | Especially good to keep in mind for borrowers who are trying to
       | negotiate payoff amounts for fixed term loans. A 5% interest rate
       | increase means you can potentially negotiate a loan payoff for
       | significantly less than you owe for loans that have multiple
       | years remaining. Has anyone been successful at this for consumer
       | loans recently?
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | I'm pretty sure that consumer lenders will never negotiate with
         | borrowers to allow paying off a loan in good standing for less
         | than the balance. Usually they're only willing to negotiate if
         | you're already in default, and your credit rating will take a
         | hit either way. In many cases the loan will have already been
         | securitized and sold to an outside investor so the servicer
         | that you deal with might not even have the contractual
         | authority to negotiate with you.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | This is correct. The _only_ time you will get a chance to do
           | this with a non-commercial loan (like a massive loan on a
           | factory, etc) is if you got a loan that was so short term
           | that the bank didn 't bother selling it, and kept it in
           | house.
           | 
           | Then there is a _slight_ chance that you can convince the
           | bank to give you a bonus for refinancing with them.
        
         | wewtyflakes wrote:
         | That is a neat idea; a calculator to plug in the numbers and
         | get back a hypothetical payoff number. It would be also neat if
         | we could track which lenders are willing to take the deal; it
         | may lead to people preferentially using them in the future.
        
         | hospitalJail wrote:
         | I dont totally understand this.
         | 
         | Do you mean that you could refinance it to defeat the rule of
         | thumb?
        
           | sokoloff wrote:
           | Suppose I owe you a million dollars for 30-years at a fixed
           | rate of 5%. If the prevailing rates are 5% or less (and you
           | think I'll remain solvent), there's no real reason for you to
           | take less than face value if I agree to pay it off now.
           | 
           | Suppose then prevailing rates go up to 10%. Now you have
           | incentive to take less than a million dollars if I pay it off
           | now. You could take the million bucks and lend it back out at
           | 10% now, but you're stuck with 5% with me.
           | 
           | The question is "how much incentive/how much less would you
           | rationally take?"
        
             | jagged-chisel wrote:
             | But the bank is in the position to "create money" to loan
             | at 10% while also making that 5% on you. I don't think it's
             | realistic to expect the bank to be interested in taking
             | your (lower) payoff specifically to loan it at a higher
             | rate.
        
               | stocknoob wrote:
               | Banks have a reserve ratio. The money lent suboptimally
               | to you at 5% has an opportunity cost.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | They still have reserve requirements, meaning the total
               | money they can lend out isn't infinite and therefore the
               | money they lent to me they might wish to have back and
               | lend it out to someone else at the higher rate.
        
               | shawabawa3 wrote:
               | By that logic you would expect banks to create infinite
               | money and drive interest rates down to 0.00001%. the fact
               | that doesn't happen should hint that you've misunderstood
               | how banks work
        
               | pwatsonwailes wrote:
               | Depends how many people come back willing to sell their
               | loans, and what that does to the liquidity position of
               | the bank, and their current intentions regarding
               | investment and the capital requirements to execute that.
        
             | beezle wrote:
             | Big assumption that the "bank" owns the loan, in particular
             | the original lender. If it has been pooled nobody is going
             | to answer the phone.
        
         | SilasX wrote:
         | The idea came up before on HN[1], where the upshot is, banks
         | don't do this, because if they sell the loan at all, they sell
         | a bunch at once, and there are game-theoretic reasons not to
         | encourage this kind of deal. But Denmark gives you the right to
         | buy your mortgage back under that formula, meaning you benefit
         | from interest rates going both up _and_ down.[2]
         | 
         | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31189814
         | 
         | [2] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32813598
        
         | lend000 wrote:
         | Someone clever enough to try this might also just invest their
         | cash in treasuries and cut out the middleman's fees, unless you
         | think you know better than the bank that interest rates will be
         | coming down soon and the opportunity will evaporate (banks are
         | not great at predicting market conditions as showcased recently
         | by SVB and company but I wouldn't do it personally without some
         | edge).
         | 
         | Edit: Although if the bank was mismanaged into a bad liquidity
         | situation, they might want to offer an even better price than
         | the difference between treasuries would provide as incentive.
        
         | loeg wrote:
         | Yeah, I've thought there should be a cash-out mortgage
         | refinancing product for monetizing the difference between my
         | 2.5% mortgage and prevailing rates north of 5%. Unfortunately,
         | I don't think there is.
        
           | HWR_14 wrote:
           | Interesting. So you are thinking you would get a lump sum
           | payment, and then the mortgage would change to a 5% rate?
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | beezle wrote:
         | Better: a 100 bp increase in prevailing interest rates...
         | 
         | edit to add:
         | 
         | Also, in the context of loans/notes/bonds, duration refers to
         | sensitivity of the price of the instrument to a small change in
         | interest rates.
         | 
         | Knowing the duration of the instrument is all you need, it is
         | very odd to say 'by approximately 1% per year of duration' If
         | the duration is 4 yrs, a 100bp increase in rates will result in
         | a 4% decline in the price of the bond.
        
         | gigel82 wrote:
         | I got a chuckle out of that... I'd be very interested in
         | hearing if this was ever done in the history of consumer loans
         | (from a reputable financial institution). Don't get me wrong,
         | I've got a 4% mortgage so would totally go for some of that
         | "reduced loan payoff" stuff, but it's not realistic.
        
           | dmoy wrote:
           | Likely not for mortgages at least, since those get packaged
           | and securitized like immediately
        
       | cwillu wrote:
       | Actual title is "Requiem for a bank loan", we don't need to
       | repeat the domain name.
        
       | Biologist123 wrote:
       | > The fundamental purpose of bank loans is to enable measured
       | private risk-taking by leveraging a small amount of bank equity
       | (from risk-taking investors) with a larger amount of risk-adverse
       | deposits. Sometimes the risks are opening a restaurant or buying
       | an apartment building in an up-and-coming neighborhood; here the
       | risk was a crash project to build charitable medical
       | infrastructure during a crisis.
       | 
       | This is central to the author's defence of the social importance
       | of banks. And if only it were true, banks really don't finance
       | small businesses in a meaningful way anymore. At least not in the
       | UK.
        
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