[HN Gopher] Why does nuclear power plant construction cost so much?
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Why does nuclear power plant construction cost so much?
        
       Author : scythe
       Score  : 31 points
       Date   : 2023-06-14 21:52 UTC (1 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (progress.institute)
 (TXT) w3m dump (progress.institute)
        
       | arcticbull wrote:
       | Listening to Jigar Shah, head of the DOE loans program, indicated
       | part of the reason it's so expensive to build NPPs is that each
       | nuclear power plant is a bespoke operation and requires a ton of
       | custom work, planning and certification, etc. The suggestion he
       | made was to create a basic design that you can just copy-paste
       | where suitable, allowing you to leverage economics of scale. This
       | would seem at least at first glance to align with the
       | recommendations in the article.
       | 
       | [1] https://podcasts.apple.com/dk/podcast/jigar-shah-on-the-
       | does...
        
         | pfdietz wrote:
         | The way to build standardized nuclear plants is for the reactor
         | maker to build merchant plants, operate them, and sell the
         | output into competitive power markets. It's like SpaceX
         | building and operating their own vehicles, and how many
         | renewable and natural gas power plants work.
         | 
         | It's just that no such merchant nuclear plant has ever been
         | built anywhere. There's a serious lack of dog food here.
        
         | fundad wrote:
         | I think industry likes it bespoke because the money is
         | practically unlimited.
         | 
         | Selling a basic design or a micro reactor means the industry
         | would have to compete for the first time.
        
         | barake wrote:
         | France has sort of done this - they have 56 reactors in
         | operation all based on the same 3 basic designs[1]. It's pretty
         | incredible how quickly the plants were designed, tested, and
         | built. Over a span of 15 years they brought 56 reactors
         | online[2] - in the US we'd be lucky to build and commission a
         | single reactor in that time span.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/frances-efficiency-
         | in-t... [2]
         | https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/reaction/read...
        
           | Gwypaas wrote:
           | Lets add Flamanville 3 to the "experience" graph in the
           | article. The only reason it gets pushed through is for France
           | to have an industrial base enabling nuclear submarines,
           | carriers and weapons.
           | 
           | https://imgur.com/6G2RBa0
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flamanville_Nuclear_Power_Plan.
           | ..
        
         | hotpotamus wrote:
         | I have to imagine that someone has had the idea to create a
         | standard design prior to 2023.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | Georgelemental wrote:
       | TLDR: regulation
        
         | givemeethekeys wrote:
         | Yup. The cost of failure is too damn high. Nuclear plants,
         | despite our best efforts so far, don't have a reputation for
         | graceful degradation.
        
           | treeman79 wrote:
           | Okay. But no complaints about burning huge amounts of coal
           | then.
        
             | dale_glass wrote:
             | Plenty complain, and coal is being rapidly paced out.
        
             | dataflow wrote:
             | The logic doesn't follow.
        
             | bcrosby95 wrote:
             | There are plenty of complaints about burning coal. I don't
             | think I've seen an article arguing for that, and if I did I
             | would imagine people would be very against the idea.
        
             | thinkcontext wrote:
             | How could you possibly say there are no complaints about
             | coal?
        
       | slicktux wrote:
       | Licensing, regulation, inspections and certifications ; all good
       | things...but also accidents, technology changing before
       | construction is over.
        
         | ignite wrote:
         | insurance
        
       | r2vcap wrote:
       | Although this article is about nuclear power, in fact it may be
       | an issue that applies to all US infrastructure.
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29489616
       | 
       | Also, I wonder if the US has accumulated know-how to lower the
       | cost of nuclear power plant construction. Korea has continued to
       | build nuclear power plants, and it is clear that it has the know-
       | how to cut costs.
        
         | Gwypaas wrote:
         | Or just uses falsify certifications and use opaque accounting
         | methods, all while the regulator sat on double chairs.
         | 
         | > In November 2012 it was discovered that over 5,000 small
         | components used in five reactors at Yeonggwang Nuclear Power
         | Plant had not been properly certified; eight suppliers had
         | faked 60 warranties for the parts. Two reactors were shut down
         | for component replacement, which was likely to cause power
         | shortages in South Korea during the winter.[25] Reuters
         | reported this as South Korea's worst nuclear crisis,
         | highlighting a lack of transparency on nuclear safety and the
         | dual roles of South Korea's nuclear regulators on supervision
         | and promotion.[26] This incident followed the prosecution of
         | five senior engineers for the coverup of a serious loss of
         | power and cooling incident at Kori Nuclear Power Plant, which
         | was subsequently graded at INES level 2.[25][27]
         | 
         | > In 2013, there was a scandal involving the use of counterfeit
         | parts in nuclear plants and faked quality assurance
         | certificates. In June 2013 Kori 2 and Shin Wolsong 1 were shut
         | down, and Kori 1 and Shin Wolsong 2 ordered to remain offline,
         | until safety-related control cabling with forged safety
         | certificates is replaced.[28] Control cabling in the first
         | APR-1400s under construction had to be replaced delaying
         | construction by up to a year.[29] In October 2013 about 100
         | people were indicted for falsifying safety documents, including
         | a former chief executive of Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power and a
         | vice-president of Korea Electric Power Corporation.[30]
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_South_Korea#H...
        
       | quijoteuniv wrote:
       | I could not place this article about the high cost of regulation
       | of nuclear plants, together with the word <<progress>> so here
       | some notes on <<progress>> :
       | 
       | 1. Eurocentrism and Colonialism: Historically, the notion of
       | progress has often been associated with Western ideals and
       | values, ignoring the diverse experiences and contributions of
       | non-Western cultures. This Eurocentric perspective perpetuates a
       | hierarchical worldview, where Western civilization is considered
       | superior and others are deemed "backward" or in need of
       | development.
       | 
       | 2. Cultural Relativism: The concept of progress assumes a
       | universal standard by which societies are judged, neglecting the
       | inherent diversity of human cultures and their distinct paths of
       | development. Critics argue that progress should be assessed
       | within the context of each society's own values, aspirations, and
       | priorities, rather than imposing a singular notion of
       | advancement.
       | 
       | 3. Environmental Sustainability: The traditional notion of
       | progress has been closely tied to economic growth and material
       | consumption, often at the expense of the environment. Critics
       | argue that this narrow focus on economic indicators fails to
       | account for the long-term ecological consequences and the finite
       | nature of Earth's resources.
       | 
       | 4. Social Inequality: The idea of progress has often been used to
       | justify social inequalities and perpetuate power imbalances.
       | Critics argue that while certain segments of society may
       | experience progress, others may be left behind or even
       | disadvantaged by the very processes deemed as progressive.
       | 
       | 5. Loss of Traditional Knowledge: The relentless pursuit of
       | progress has led to the erosion and marginalization of
       | traditional knowledge systems, practices, and cultures. Critics
       | argue that this disregard for indigenous wisdom and local
       | knowledge can result in the loss of valuable insights and
       | sustainable practices.
       | 
       | 6. Human Well-being: Progress is commonly associated with
       | material wealth and technological advancements, but critics argue
       | that these measures alone do not necessarily translate into
       | improved human well-being. Factors such as social cohesion,
       | mental health, work-life balance, and access to basic services
       | are often overlooked in a purely materialistic understanding of
       | progress.
       | 
       | 7. Historical Consequences: The belief in progress as an inherent
       | and inevitable force has led to various harmful ideologies and
       | actions throughout history, including colonialism, imperialism,
       | and social Darwinism. Critics argue that a blind faith in
       | progress can obscure the negative consequences of certain
       | policies or ideologies, leading to unintended harm.
        
         | aaronbrethorst wrote:
         | What prompt did you give ChatGPT to generate this?
        
       | aaronbrethorst wrote:
       | Learning curves:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experience_curve_effects#:~:te....
       | 
       | More on the subject:
       | 
       | https://climateer.substack.com/p/learning-curves
       | 
       | https://www.volts.wtf/p/learning-curves-will-lead-to-extreme...
       | 
       | https://www.volts.wtf/p/which-technologies-get-cheaper-over#...
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-06-14 23:00 UTC)