[HN Gopher] AMD Expands AI Product Lineup with GPU-Only Instinct...
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       AMD Expands AI Product Lineup with GPU-Only Instinct Mi300X with
       192GB Memory
        
       Author : mfiguiere
       Score  : 96 points
       Date   : 2023-06-13 18:35 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.anandtech.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.anandtech.com)
        
       | lvl102 wrote:
       | To be honest, if I am building a CUDA alternative from scratch,
       | I'd build it for Apple Silicon. Apple will have a monopoly on
       | TSM's state of the art.
        
         | rbzz wrote:
         | AMD relations with TSMC are definitely much more tight than
         | Nvidia's. AMD has been helping with developing HPC-optimized
         | nodes and modern packaging techniques (3d-stacking and
         | chiplets), while Nvidia tried to force TSMC to drop prices by
         | going to Samsung fabs for 1.5 generations (did not go too well
         | for them).
         | 
         | The problem with AMD is definitely not modern node access, but
         | software, and with some investment it can probably change
         | really fast.
         | 
         | Apple, on the other hand, is definitely not going to release
         | standalone apple silicon products (GPUs or CPUs), so I don't
         | really believe for Apple Silicon as an AI platform (apart from
         | on-device inferrence).
        
           | brucethemoose2 wrote:
           | Maybe they have something in the oven?
           | 
           | I am skeptical too, but hardware design takes a _looong_
           | time, and surely Apple sees the writing on the wall and the
           | potential of their own hardware.
        
         | brucethemoose2 wrote:
         | The issue is Apple has zero presence in datacenters, and they
         | dont seem very interested in changing that.
         | 
         | And they are optimizing more for power efficiency in multimedia
         | workloads than raw AI throughout at _any_ cost like the AI ASIC
         | makers.
        
       | smy20011 wrote:
       | One thing AMD can do is working with ggml to make llama.cpp
       | running on AMD GPUs. Compile modern ML framework is a quite
       | complex due to number of OPs. However, running LLMs does not need
       | a lot of OPs. Just einsum & relu & softmax. Having LLM works with
       | llama.cpp could be done by a team within a week or so.
        
       | mastax wrote:
       | AMD ROCm vs Nvidia CUDA has been discussed to death, but I'm
       | curious how AMD fares compared to some of the AI training
       | accelerator vendors. I think it would be much more damning if AMD
       | were worse than some upstart, because the upstart wouldn't have
       | the huge resource advantage and decade long head start of Nvidia.
       | From my limited experience it seems like Google TPU and Cerebras
       | are much nicer to use for AI training, from the standpoint of
       | driver and software stability, documentation, and ecosystem
       | support.
       | 
       | Perhaps that's not a fair comparison. From what I know AMD and
       | NVIDIA use GPGPU cores (now with AI-focused instructions) plus
       | separate AI-specific accelerator blocks. Conceptually, GPGPU +
       | NPU on one die. NPUs can be much simpler than general-purpose
       | GPUs. So AMD's driver and software stack likely needs to be an
       | order of magnitude more complex than the NPU vendors' in order to
       | accommodate other non-AI use cases. But to an end user it doesn't
       | really matter _why_ it sucks, only that it does.
        
         | brucethemoose2 wrote:
         | ...Not precisely. AMD implements the "AI" matrix instructions
         | in the shaders themselves, not as big seperate blocks like
         | Nvidia. But unlike Nvidia, the instructions are different on
         | the consumer (RDNA3) and server line. I dont know anything
         | about building rocm, but supporting rdna must indeed make
         | things more difficult.
         | 
         | Intel takes this approach too.
        
       | zwaps wrote:
       | If you want to go an run inference/train on one of these fresh
       | and sweet LLMs using bitsandbytes/PEFT, which is really where the
       | excitement is at, you gotta use CUDA pretty much. This is the
       | story now. And the story for the innovation before was the same.
       | Use CUDA, or wait for AMD to catch up a year late and with a
       | worse version of everything.
       | 
       | I mean, sure, you could compile your stuff to XLA or just, I
       | dunno, set up 800 of these cards and train the whole thing on
       | ROCM. But then would you really, really use AMD instead of some
       | TPUs?
       | 
       | AMD made Machine Learning either impossible, unsupported or a
       | chore on most of their hardware for years. Their stack sucks and
       | no one wanted to implement it, and in fact they rarely supported
       | most of their own GPUs.
       | 
       | Yes you have GPUs. But we need also drivers. And software. People
       | have been yelling at AMD about this for years and years.
       | 
       | Instead, AMD has made it clear that Machine Learning is not a
       | priority for the company. Hence, they deserve the lack of
       | traction. Investing in AMD hardware for ML has literally been a
       | mistake at every point in recent history. Imagine if you bought a
       | bunch of ( _insert last Gen card which is no longer supported by
       | their stack_ ) how dumb you'd look.
       | 
       | Releasing a GPGPU card now? Honestly, why bother? No one is gonna
       | buy it.
        
         | thereisnospork wrote:
         | This is a naive question, but how hard would it be for AMD to
         | make their cards/firmware CUDA compatible? Feels like that's
         | what they would need to do to sell hardware in the space, other
         | than banking on sufficiently severe shortages.
        
           | JonChesterfield wrote:
           | Cuda runs in the layer above firmware. Compiling cuda to
           | amdgpu isa could be done but might invite lawsuits.
           | 
           | There's a language called HIP which is a fairly close
           | approximation to cuda. You can probably convert one to the
           | other with determination and regex. The GPUs themselves are
           | fundamentally different in ways that hopefully don't matter
           | to your application (warp synchronisation is the big one in
           | my opinion, but I suspect cuda applications ignore it and
           | just live with the race conditions).
        
         | mindcrime wrote:
         | There's more to machine learning and AI than just training the
         | latest LLM's though. Speaking for myself, I am very interested
         | in supporting AMD and the ROCm ecosystem, whatever AMD's past
         | sins may be. I'm building a machine now which will be based on
         | a high-end consumer GPU from AMD. Not going for something like
         | this as it's almost certainly way out of my budget, but perhaps
         | in the future.
         | 
         | So basically, I'm betting that AMD has had (or is having) a
         | change of heart and is genuinely committed to AI/ML on their
         | products. Time may ultimately prove me wrong, but so be it if
         | that proves to be the case.
         | 
         | And FWIW, one reason for my optimism is that, whatever you
         | think about the state of ROCm today, they are clearly investing
         | heavily into the platform and continually working on it. You
         | can see that just from looking at the activity on their Github
         | repos:
         | 
         | https://github.com/orgs/ROCmSoftwarePlatform/repositories
         | 
         | There is constant activity and has been for some time, which I
         | take as a good sign. Yes, it's just one signal among many that
         | one could consider, but I think it's an important one.
        
           | zwaps wrote:
           | Yeah but you see, we have been here before. "This time we are
           | serious about ML/AI..." And if you went and bought an AMD
           | card then, you'd have been wrong.
           | 
           | My example about LLMs was just to show that AMD is simply not
           | part of the conversation. Three month before you could have
           | made the same point about another approach.
           | 
           | And still, if you'd actually have to risk money, you and me
           | both know you'd never invest in AMD hardware for AI or start
           | developing on it something high stakes.
           | 
           | I mean, look at geohot he tried and just gave up entirely and
           | AMD.
        
             | mindcrime wrote:
             | _And still, if you 'd actually have to risk money, you and
             | me both know you'd never invest in AMD hardware for AI or
             | start developing on it something high stakes._
             | 
             | I assume you meant "you" in the royal sense. Since I
             | personally am, in point of fact, investing in AMD hardware
             | for AI. Yeah, it's a gamble, but that's my style. And I
             | have to admit, part of it is driven by ideological reasons
             | (ROCm being open source) and a simple desire to support AMD
             | since I want them to become a serious competitor to NVIDIA.
             | I believe that's an outcome that would benefit everybody.
             | 
             |  _I mean, look at geohot he tried and just gave up entirely
             | and AMD._
             | 
             | I have to admit, I don't find that particularly compelling
             | in any regard. Nothing against geohot, he's clearly a smart
             | dude, but... I'm not judging a company based on his
             | interactions with them. _shrug_
        
               | zwaps wrote:
               | I wish you luck then. Right now, you need CUDA to run
               | things like bf16 or quantization, which are truly
               | enablers in this space.
               | 
               | So for now, I don't see AMD getting any traction. And
               | apparently, the quality of the drivers has not been
               | improving. Time will tell.
        
               | mindcrime wrote:
               | Agreed. And FWIW, I'm not saying I use AMD kit
               | exclusively. I'm fine with using NVIDIA hardware and CUDA
               | when needed. In addition to the AMD based box I'm
               | building for the lab at home, I'm also building a sister
               | box which will be nearly identical, except using an
               | NVIDIA GPU. I am an ideologue but I'm also at least a
               | little bit pragmatic. :-)
        
         | jiggawatts wrote:
         | Can someone who works at AMD please print this out, roll it up,
         | and smack some senior managers on the nose with it?
         | 
         | NVIDIA is about to walk off with a trillion dollars because
         | nobody at AMD "gets it".
         | 
         | With no meaningful competition, NVIDIA will gouge as hard as
         | they can. Such as charging $50K for a card that's not too
         | different to a 4090 but with more memory.
        
           | JonChesterfield wrote:
           | AMD took aim at HPC and shipped Frontier. The ROCm stack is
           | quite HPC themed because that was the driving project.
           | Porting to run AI models is a work in progress but the back
           | end is the same compiler stack that was written for graphics
           | (largely games consoles iiuc) then upgraded for HPC, it'll
           | get there.
        
           | mindcrime wrote:
           | _NVIDIA is about to walk off with a trillion dollars because
           | nobody at AMD "gets it"._
           | 
           | I think they "get it" OK. Whether or not they can formulate a
           | viable strategy and execute it is one question, but they get
           | the idea that "AI is important" and they know where they
           | stand vis-a-vis NVIDIA.
           | 
           | This is another reason I'm willing to invest some time and
           | money in working with AMD products for AI/ML. History has
           | shown us their ability to go toe-to-toe with a seemingly
           | unassailable industry titan before, and they came out in
           | pretty good shape then.
           | 
           | https://www.forbes.com/sites/iainmartin/2023/05/31/lisa-
           | su-s...
        
         | stevenhuang wrote:
         | Been playing with Stable Diffusion on 6750XT 12GB for a while
         | now with minimal issues (low memory issues sometimes on higher
         | res, but it's less of a problem using grid upscaler).
         | 
         | ROCm is getting there, slowly.
        
       | rbanffy wrote:
       | Honestly, I find the x86+GPU parts more interesting. One could
       | make a very Apple-like PC with a SoM and very little glue around
       | it (a bit like what you can do with some top-of-the-line Xeons
       | that have HBM chiplets). And with between 1 and 6 x86 chiplets,
       | the Mi300 could have between 8 and 96 Zen 4 cores.
       | 
       | These things are so interesting it's a shame they aren't cheap.
        
         | the_pwner224 wrote:
         | An AMD Ryzen APU + RAM soldered onto the motherboard is very
         | similar to what Apple's doing.
         | 
         | Afaik, because the memory controller is part of the CPU, the
         | CPU-RAM connection on the consumer chips is entirely passive -
         | just copper traces on the motherboard with no ICs inbetween?
        
           | NekkoDroid wrote:
           | IIRC the APUs aren't exactly typical APUs with shared memory,
           | but more a CPU with a few GPU cores attached, operating
           | independently memory whise (but I might be wrong).
        
             | JonChesterfield wrote:
             | The ones that have been shipping for a few years have one
             | block of ddr that GPU and CPU cores both access. You can do
             | things like synchronise code running in a thread on the CPU
             | with a wavefront running in a kernel on the GPU using
             | atomic operations on that shared memory.
        
         | brucethemoose2 wrote:
         | AMD and Intel are both making quad channel APUs akin to the M2
         | Pro.
         | 
         | https://videocardz.com/newz/intel-arrow-lake-p-with-320eu-gp...
         | 
         | (Sorry, I cannot find the AMD rumor link atm)
         | 
         | But TBH the hybrid design is less interesting than you think,
         | just because nothing really takes advantage of it. Hence Intel
         | canceled their datacenter APU in favor of a pure Falcon Shores
         | GPU due to a lack of interest from customers.
        
           | rbanffy wrote:
           | > just because nothing really takes advantage of it.
           | 
           | This is precisely why AMD, Intel, and Nvidia should think
           | about making workstation-class machines with the lowest end
           | of these - because until more people have one to play with,
           | there won't be much to do with them.
        
             | brucethemoose2 wrote:
             | There were rumors of an AMD one... That also never
             | materialized.
             | 
             | Its a chicken and egg problem, I think. A big APU is so
             | expensive that it doesn't really make sense without a very
             | specific workload (like in a console), and the workloads
             | dont really appear without the APUs.
        
           | sliken wrote:
           | AMD halo strix is the future APU with a 256 bit wide
           | interface. Boggles my mind with a multi-year GPU shortage
           | that AMD didn't bring a wider memory interface to iGPUs.
           | Obviously they can do it since the ps5 and Xbox X have been
           | shopping for some time.
           | 
           | Looks like someone ported llama to apples metal v3 already
           | and are getting 5 tok/s on a 65b model.
        
             | brucethemoose2 wrote:
             | AMD should have re-used the Xbox APU, but other than that
             | it makes no economic sense?
             | 
             | The tape out cost would be huge, the die would be huge.
             | Either the mobo/socket would be super expensive and niche,
             | or consumers would be pissed about non expandable RAM.
             | 
             | Laptop OEMs didn't even want the Steam Deck chip or
             | Broadwell-edram back then, much less a big expensive APU.
        
       | digitallyfree wrote:
       | The issue with AMD and AI is, as always, the software stack. Even
       | if the hardware is great ROCM simply doesn't have industry
       | traction and accessiblity.
        
         | wing-_-nuts wrote:
         | Doesn't have the traction _for now_. Cloud providers (ms,
         | google, amz, etc) are quickly tiring of paying Nvidia monopoly
         | premiums for their gpu hardware. Google has already invested in
         | tpus and it wouldn 't surprise me at all if they got together
         | to fund ROCm development or even went so far as to develop
         | their own NN asics.
         | 
         | Cuda is great, but it's not _strictly_ necessary for much of
         | the latest AI  / ML developments.
        
           | gremlinsinc wrote:
           | Intel, AMD, Google, Amazon, etc should team up to create some
           | sort of standards/consortium around an open source CUDA
           | alternative, something that anyone who can fabricate chips
           | could use, and the consortium could have their own team of
           | devs/researchers to make improvements / next gen versions of
           | their CUDA alternative.
           | 
           | Something like the way chrome vs chromium is, or even a
           | foundation like the linux foundation, where you have multiple
           | distros contributing packages/etc back into the ecosystem.
        
             | bfeynman wrote:
             | they are already doing that with XLA, google has TPUs,
             | amazon has tranium/inferentia. common interface in future
             | that you basically just cast model to `.toDevice` of an
             | enum of accelerated computing types seems to be the goal.
        
             | mepian wrote:
             | They already did: https://www.khronos.org/sycl/
        
           | zwaps wrote:
           | ROCm is so terrible the cloud providers rolled out their own
           | chips rather than use AMD which has perfectly good GPUs and
           | the worst software stack ever.
        
           | mook wrote:
           | ROCm still doesn't support consumer GPUs; that means people
           | building random things (as opposed to more serious work
           | things) won't be using their stack, so none of the innovation
           | will be there.
           | 
           | It may be possible to use it with consumer GPUs anyway, but
           | many won't try because it's not officially supported.
           | 
           | https://rocm.docs.amd.com/en/latest/release/gpu_os_support.h.
           | .. https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus
        
           | YetAnotherNick wrote:
           | > Cloud providers (ms, google, amz, etc) are quickly tiring
           | of paying Nvidia monopoly premiums for their gpu hardware.
           | 
           | I think cloud providers love exclusivity(Nvidia MSRP is
           | significantly higher than it is available to clouds) and
           | based on pricing compared to competitors like lambdalabs they
           | have highest profit margin on GPU instances. Also based on
           | availability, they likely have the highest utilisation. They
           | definitely wouldn't want to commoditize the space. Google
           | already has TPU that they could scale and sell to everyone
           | but it would make the margins significantly smaller if they
           | do it.
        
       | michelb wrote:
       | Bit of a noob on these things here, but why 192GB? Why not, say,
       | 256GB? I noticed the new mac pro also caps out at 192GB, is there
       | a specific reason for that number?
        
         | zargon wrote:
         | The article says that HBM3 memory comes in 24GB stacks. (Not
         | 32GB.)
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | The largest DRAM dies are 24 gigabit.
        
         | Dylan16807 wrote:
         | In this case it's because memory scaling has slowed down, so
         | the manufacturers have introduced sizes that are halfway
         | between powers of two. It would simply take too long to wait
         | for 2x before making a new product line.
         | 
         | So the biggest HBM you can get is 24GB, and 8 of them is a
         | reasonable max.
        
         | brucethemoose2 wrote:
         | The MI300 has 8x 24GB stacks of memory, which is physically the
         | absolute max they can do. And those 24GB stacks are brand new.
         | 
         | I believe the Apple M series is limited by package space? The
         | LPDDR5(X?) bus is not physically/electrically limited to 192GB
         | like the MI300.
        
       | thewataccount wrote:
       | Does anyone know what type of api you'd use for this? I know AMD
       | has Rocm for their dedicated GPUs but it's barely usable from
       | what I've heard.
        
         | stuckinhell wrote:
         | ROCm just doesn't have the support these days. Supposedly
         | people are working on getting stable diffusion working on it.
         | https://www.videogames.ai/2022/11/06/Stable-Diffusion-AMD-GP...
         | 
         | But it's just too much of investment for me on something that
         | MAY work. I ended up just buying a 4080rtx
        
           | pja wrote:
           | Stable Diffusion worked fine for me with Rocm & my RX580
           | (once I had compiled a custom torch library IIRC).
           | 
           | But I don't know whether it works with the more recent RDNA2
           | cards.
        
             | pohuing wrote:
             | It works without a hitch on my rx6900xt. Only pain was
             | getting the amdpro drivers
        
           | thewataccount wrote:
           | Yeah that's kinda what I mean. I've heard to not even
           | consider AMD for ML applications specifically ROCM, so I'm
           | curious if these chips will use ROCM as their primary api or
           | not.
           | 
           | It "technically" works, but their own examples crash, you get
           | a fraction of the performance you'd expect for the level of
           | hardware you have, chicken&egg problem with little other
           | software having good support of it, etc.
        
             | delusional wrote:
             | I'm running stable diffusion on my 7900xtx and it's working
             | fine. I had to screw around a little bit to get the newest
             | ROCm and torch libraries since they aren't packed on my OS,
             | but it wasn't that bad. I made a docker image if anybody is
             | struggling to get it working:
             | https://hub.docker.com/r/delusional/sd-rx7900xtx
        
               | thewataccount wrote:
               | Out of curiosity, how many it/s do you get with DPM2 at
               | 512x512 with a batch size of 1, and then the it/s for
               | whatever the max batch size you can fit?
        
           | brucethemoose2 wrote:
           | Stable Diffusion works fine on rocm (and intel OpenVINO), the
           | issue is out-of-the-box support in popular UIs.
           | 
           | TBH the whole space is kinda a mess. Tons of optimizations
           | (like most ML compilers), even on Nvidia cards, are left on
           | the table because the SD UI devs just dont have the
           | throughout or motivation to implement them.
           | 
           | At the other end, hardware makers, ml compiler devs,
           | researchers and such are making quick demos, but are not
           | making any integration attempts for popular frameworks.
           | 
           | There is no one in the middle, so we are stuck with PyTorch
           | eager mode and a perception that it only works on big Nvidia
           | GPUs.
        
         | sp332 wrote:
         | This tools page makes me think they are sticking with ROCm
         | compilers and OpenCL.
         | https://docs.amd.com/category/compilers_and_tools They have a
         | tool called "hipify" that supposedly converts CUDA code to
         | something else. But the fact it's not just integrated as a CUDA
         | compiler makes it look like they don't really trust it to work.
         | Also they misspelled it.
        
           | kcb wrote:
           | HIP itself is a C++ language that can be utilized directly.
           | It's extremely similar to CUDA. I think the use case AMD
           | desires is the reverse. That software is written in HIP then
           | converted to CUDA to also run on Nvidia GPUs.
        
       | ilaksh wrote:
       | Is it possible to do inference with Falcon 40B on this type of
       | hardware or similar?
        
         | brucethemoose2 wrote:
         | Yes, but would be massive overkill. Falcon 40B takes ~35GB of
         | VRAM to load now, and probably less in the future with better
         | quant from llama.cpp and such.
         | 
         | https://huggingface.co/TheBloke/falcon-40b-instruct-GPTQ
         | 
         | Large context size is becoming less of an issue now too.
         | 
         | But maybe it would be good for batched inference?
        
           | ilaksh wrote:
           | I was thinking maybe RunPod or Modal could use it to handle
           | multiple containers per CPU, possibly including some that are
           | much lighter like stable diffusion.
        
             | brucethemoose2 wrote:
             | If its multiple llm client requests, batched inference
             | would be massively more efficient.
             | 
             | And for multiple services... Probably just better to run
             | multiple cheap instances and/or load dynamically? The MI300
             | is super expensive.
        
               | ilaksh wrote:
               | How expensive is it compared to A100?
        
           | zwaps wrote:
           | I mean the 35GB version of Falcon is maybe not something
           | you'd want to use in production
           | 
           | Also ironically, this version of Falcon will require CUDA.
        
         | seydor wrote:
         | They showed Falcon 40B running on the mi300x
        
           | ilaksh wrote:
           | Hm. Do you have a link to that?
           | 
           | It would be nice if this became on option for something like
           | RunPod or Modal. Especially if it could be slightly cheaper
           | than the Nvidia hardware somehow.
        
             | seydor wrote:
             | https://www.youtube.com/live/l3pe_qx95E0?feature=share&t=56
             | 4...
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | fcanesin wrote:
       | MI300A looks really nice, if only one anyone could buy it and do
       | a DIY "Mac Studio"-like linux machine. Imagine just swapping it
       | for the next generation in 2 or 3 years and keeping all the rest:
       | peripherals, case, motherboard and etc.
        
         | rbanffy wrote:
         | And the x86/GPU version would be an awesome workstation. Just
         | add M.2 and ethernet (and USB-C with video) and we are in
         | business.
         | 
         | As for a Hackintosh, I'd imagine an Nvidia Grace or Grace
         | Hopper as a good option, even though the 500+W TDP would
         | require a MacPro-sized heatsink. And it can have up to 960GB of
         | RAM.
         | 
         | edit: got a lot of details confused between the MI300 and the
         | Grace.
        
       | bratao wrote:
       | I'm genuinely rooting for AMD to develop a competitive
       | alternative to NVIDIA. Currently, NVIDIA dominates the machine
       | learning landscape, and there doesn't seem to be a justifiable
       | reason for the price discrepancy between the RTX 4090 and the
       | A100.
        
         | valyagolev wrote:
         | comma.ai dude is making a whole company to achieve just that
         | https://geohot.github.io/blog/jekyll/update/2023/05/24/the-t...
        
           | synthos wrote:
           | Interesting, seems like it's very similar to Modular's
           | runtime portion of their business case
        
         | brucethemoose2 wrote:
         | Its not so black and white. The A100 is exponentially more
         | difficult to assemble even though it is older. The silicon is
         | far more specialized. You pay a price for such a "fat" node and
         | server hardware guarantees.
         | 
         | At the same time, the cost _is_ outrageous. Its not a low
         | volume product.
         | 
         | Also, a 48GB 4090 (or 3090) would be trivial. So would a 48GB
         | 7900. Its not done for purely anticompetitive reasons, one that
         | AMD _and_ Nvidia are unfortunately happy to go along with.
        
           | densh wrote:
           | 48Gb 4090 exists already, just with a different name,
           | branding, and pricing strategy: https://www.nvidia.com/en-
           | us/design-visualization/rtx-6000/
           | 
           | 48Gb 3090: https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/design-
           | visualization/rtx-a6000/
        
           | BaculumMeumEst wrote:
           | > Also, a 48GB 4090 (or 3090) would be trivial. So would a
           | 48GB 7900. Its not done for purely anticompetitive reasons,
           | one that AMD and Nvidia are unfortunately happy to go along
           | with.
           | 
           | Is this why Intel started taking dGPU production more
           | seriously in recent years?
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | cycomanic wrote:
           | I'm always surprised that people bring up cost as a main
           | factor determining price, especially here on HN. Maybe it
           | would be on a commoditized market with many competitors,
           | which the GPUarket clearly isn't.
           | 
           | As most economics 101 lecture would tell you, price is
           | determined by supply and demand and in this case Nvidia
           | essentially maximizing their profit based on the demand and
           | segmentation of the market.
        
             | brucethemoose2 wrote:
             | Its not that simple, as Nvidia is supply constrained and
             | _technically_ not a monopoly. And they have to manage a
             | gaming market and share supply from TSMC /Samsung with with
             | other markets.
        
           | wmf wrote:
           | There kind of are 48 GB 4090s and 7900s; they're just under
           | different names.
        
             | brucethemoose2 wrote:
             | Yeah, but Quadros (and the AMD equivalents) are
             | outrageously priced too.
             | 
             | Nvidia and AMD used to "let" their manufacturers double up
             | the vram on gaming cards, but no more. Its pure, collusive,
             | anticompetitive market segmentation.
        
             | splitrocket wrote:
             | what names?
        
         | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
         | _> a justifiable reason for the price discrepancy between the
         | RTX 4090 and the A100_
         | 
         | 1. they're a publicly listed company operating in a free market
         | in an industry they themselves helped develop who's purpose is
         | to make returns for their investors, not be liked by the
         | public, they don't need to justify their pricing to their
         | buyers. They're not selling essentials for survival like
         | insulin, baby formula, or housing, they can charge as much as
         | the market will bear for their consumer electronics products.
         | Don't like the pricing? Don't buy it. Simple. Buy from the
         | competition instead or older generations off the second hand
         | market that fit your budget.
         | 
         | 2. the price justification is that cutting edge silicon is and
         | will always be in short supply, and buyers of the silicon in
         | A100 form, like datacenters, use it to make money, therefore
         | it's an investment that will yield returns, therefore they can
         | justify spending way more money to outbid the gamers who buy
         | the same silicon in RTX 4090 form and don't use it to make
         | money but use it to play games therefore for them the product
         | is worth less and it makes Nvidia smaller margins than what
         | selling it to datacenters can. It's basic price segmentation
         | that's been going on for decades.
         | 
         | I also don't like the GPU pricing situation but that's the
         | market reality I can't change and downvoting the messenger
         | won't change it either. My 2 cents.
        
           | ActorNightly wrote:
           | Yeah but the issue is that they can make more money if they
           | actually did affordable ML hardware and didn't purposefully
           | gimp the gaming cards.
           | 
           | LLms running on standalone affordable boxes could become a
           | ubiquitous home accessory, not to mention the potential for
           | things like being able to leverage learning from widespread
           | use to retrain the models, like Tesla does with their fleet.
        
             | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
             | _> Yeah but the issue is that they can make more money if
             | they actually did affordable ML hardware and didn't
             | purposefully gimp the gaming cards._
             | 
             | It's a dick move but it's not illegal (at least not now).
             | Their purpose is to make greater returns for their
             | investors, not make affordable ML hardware for every
             | consumer.
             | 
             |  _> LLms running on standalone affordable boxes could
             | become a ubiquitous home accessory_
             | 
             | They could be, but why is it Nvidia's fault if they don't
             | happen? They're in the business of making money, not
             | fulfilling dreams, and currently they can barely fulfill
             | their orders for the datacenter customers. Consumers could
             | move the LLM stuff on cheaper Apple HW or Intel or AMD SoCs
             | if they can't outbid the datacenter companies for Nvidia
             | silicone.
             | 
             | Seems like a market opening for Nvidia's competitors to
             | price cut them. If they don't exploit it and let Nvidia
             | dominate, it's their fault. It's not Nvidia's fault their
             | competitors were asleep at the wheel since they launched
             | CUDA in 2007 and were helping researchers put their GPUs to
             | use for parallel computing for over 15 years.
        
               | gremlinsinc wrote:
               | If AMD were smart(er), their cpu's are awesome at
               | least... They would team up with intel, google, apple,
               | etc to create a machine learning open cuda alternative,
               | such that all GPU's could essentially be used by ML
               | software equally, I think Nvidia's real hold on AI is
               | that most AI libs use CUDA, and nobody else can really
               | compete when all the tools use X, it's like if firefox
               | launched with their own different HTML syntax because
               | HTML was proprietary, and every other browser did the
               | same thing.
               | 
               | Something like chrome : chromium dynamic would work
               | wonders for bringing a sort of standard, not to mention
               | more minds could create better and better
               | implementations.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | ornitorrincos wrote:
               | They did try, apple made OpenCL and released it to
               | khronos to make a standard, but never got wide
               | support(well, they got plenty of manufacturers on board,
               | not so much users).
               | 
               | By that time nvidia already had an advantage with CUDA
               | and their opencl support always lagged.
        
             | WheatMillington wrote:
             | NVIDIA are not stupid, they understand their marginal
             | revenue and marginal cost analysis, and they obviously
             | decided they're making the most money doing what they're
             | doing. It's asinine to believe we, with access to almost
             | none of the requisite data, could tell NVIDIA how to turn a
             | better profit.
        
           | scld wrote:
           | It's because you're responding as if OP said it wasn't
           | justifiable legally. They're just saying that AMD is, in
           | their estimation, making a bad business decision.
        
             | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
             | That's was really not his point. His point was that Nvidia
             | is price gouging and I explained him why they can get away
             | with it since the current market conditions favor their
             | products a lot.
             | 
             | AMD has been consistently making bad business decisions in
             | the GPU space for years now. What's new? They're pricing
             | their hardware near NVidia but with less performance and
             | way less features and poor track record, especially for the
             | ML users.
        
               | wwtrv wrote:
               | Nvidia is price gouging because there is no credible
               | competition. That's the entire explanation and there is
               | nothing more to it.
        
               | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
               | Why are people here continuously surprised by this and
               | keep asking the same redundant questions: _" Why does
               | Nvidia charge so much?"_ I just don't get it.
               | 
               | Thinking that Nvidia is some evil villain doing it to
               | consumer out of spite, when they're just doing what any
               | other company in their dominant position would do: charge
               | as much as the market will bear.
               | 
               | Apple also doesn't have to charge you $200 for
               | configuring the 512GB SSD over the 256 SSD which only
               | costs them an extra $5 NAND chip, but they do it because
               | they can. So does Nvidia and any other company in a
               | dominant position with virtually no competition.
        
               | The_Colonel wrote:
               | > His point was that Nvidia is price gouging
               | 
               | You might be reading into their comment too much, they
               | don't really blame NVidia, just wish for more
               | competition. IMHO you're being downvoted because you come
               | across as needlessly confrontational to an innocent
               | comment.
        
               | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
               | I sound confrontational because it seems like the upvoted
               | poster didn't understand the laws of supply and demand
               | and neither do the people who upvoted it to the top, or
               | was just karma farming by asking redundant/self
               | explanatory questions hoping to get votes from the mobs
               | with their pitchforks out.
               | 
               | Maybe I'm wrong and OP really didn't understand the
               | curent supply/demand issues which is why I gave a lengthy
               | explanation of how it looks.
        
         | [deleted]
        
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