[HN Gopher] Private equity is buying everything from vet offices...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Private equity is buying everything from vet offices to tech
       conglomerates
        
       Author : Brajeshwar
       Score  : 295 points
       Date   : 2023-06-13 17:54 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.theverge.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.theverge.com)
        
       | awaythrow483 wrote:
       | If you want to understand what went wrong with America, start
       | with private equity
        
         | thrawa8387336 wrote:
         | Nah, many countries have it. If people have a damn it would be
         | a different story but in the US, cheaper is always better. See
         | architecture, food, housing, hotels...
        
         | hospitalJail wrote:
         | Lobbying/Bribery seems more egregious than investing.
         | 
         | At least investing has some economic forces that cause people
         | to conserve resources and allocate them better than prior.
         | 
         | Lobbying/Bribery is just pure corruption. The medical industry
         | is so extravagant because they are among the top lobbyists of
         | all time. Only the entirety of real estate or all US
         | businesses(chamber of commerce) can even compete with merely
         | the American Medical Association or AHA. Heck, combining all of
         | medical and the lobbying is worse than every other industry
         | including all US businesses
         | 
         | https://www.opensecrets.org/federal-lobbying/top-spenders?cy...
        
           | jtode wrote:
           | Private Equity is the most destructive and bad-faith-
           | operating version of investing, in much the same way that Kim
           | Jong Un is the most destructive and bad-faith-operating
           | version of a politician. The capital that one would define as
           | the "investment" is in fact just a viral delivery mechanism,
           | so the parasite can infest the host, devour its innards, and
           | leave its husk to dry up.
        
           | ARandomerDude wrote:
           | Don't forget teachers unions and the Dept of Ed.
           | 
           | They bleed taxpayers dry because they are "helping the
           | children" and everybody knows a nice teacher who isn't part
           | of the problem but will be held out as a defense of govt and
           | union corruption.
        
           | ambicapter wrote:
           | > At least investing has some economic forces that cause
           | people to conserve resources and allocate them better than
           | prior.
           | 
           | Not when the money is basically free, e.g. the last decade of
           | money policy. PE has always been around, so why is it hated
           | now? Probably the forces that would normally keep it in
           | check, namely, a cost to capital and a competitive business
           | environment (as opposed to monopolies and natural monopolies
           | all over the place) haven't been present in the last decade.
        
             | khuey wrote:
             | PE has been hated since at least the 1980s, when capital
             | was very far from free.
        
               | Veliladon wrote:
               | Yep. When Carl Icahn was doing it they just called it
               | "asset stripping" and "corporate raiding" instead of
               | using the term private equity.
               | 
               | Fucker made squillions off the backs of misery for
               | hundreds of thousands of people.
        
         | garbagecoder wrote:
         | I mostly agree with this. I would say a lot of what is wrong
         | with America is that corporation laws allow this kind of thing.
         | There are other ways. Nobody thinks Germany is an economic
         | backwater and they require, I believe in large companies, for
         | employees to have a role in the management of the company [1].
         | There are also co-ops like the Mondragon Coop in Spain[2]. Some
         | states have co-op laws but are mostly used by farmers and a few
         | other niche things.
         | 
         | Interesting, most professional firms must be managed by their
         | professionals, so law firms are partially "worker owned" too.
         | 
         | But I think the German model is probably the best. Equity
         | interests and employee interests can both be short-term, but
         | usually the best way to balance them is with long-term
         | thinking.
         | 
         | I'm not sure that would save the world, but I think it would
         | improve the lives of working people.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codetermination_in_Germany
         | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mondragon_Corporation
        
           | earnesti wrote:
           | What I know about PE firms in Europe, they mostly operate the
           | same way as in the US. There are plenty of PE firms and in
           | general to me it feels like they are more popular here than
           | US actually, as with LP's they are perceived as lower risk.
           | 
           | What I don't understand from the article, is how the PE firm
           | is able to shift the debt from the buyer to the firm. That
           | shouldn't be possible in any jurisdiction I know a little bit
           | of, and I highly doubt that it is easy to do in US.
        
             | garbagecoder wrote:
             | >I highly doubt that it is easy to do in US.
             | 
             | There are many such cases. The book in the article
             | "Barbarians at the Gate" was probably the most famous
             | instance until AOL took over Time Warner.
        
             | coastermug wrote:
             | Leveraged buyouts. I've seen them explained like a
             | mortgage, except that doesn't work in my head either.
        
               | ahzhou wrote:
               | It's basically the acquisition (buying out) a company
               | using debt-financing (leverage). The typical plan is
               | usually to use business revenue to finance the interest
               | payments, optimize the business via cost-cuts or roll-
               | ups, and flip it for a profit in 5-7 years. Like most
               | things, PE can be helpful or destructive depending on the
               | execution and the exact strategy for flipping.
               | 
               | At its best, it's bringing in experienced operators and
               | maturing a company into something that is stable, before
               | selling it to an acquirer or IPO.
               | 
               | At its worst, it's saddling a weak business with debt,
               | hiring terrible execs, and making unsustainable cost cuts
               | to stave off an implosion.
               | 
               | The strategy matters a lot. Some funds specialize in
               | "distressed assets", for example and are very good at
               | carving up dying company and selling it for parts.
        
               | coastermug wrote:
               | Thank you, this is a balanced and detailed response. I
               | don't personally "buy" the narrative that all LBOs are
               | destructive. After all there are entire funds devoted to
               | LBOs and how would these PE outfits carry on getting
               | loans if their companies constantly defaulted?
        
               | ahzhou wrote:
               | Thats right. At the end of the day, PE investors need to
               | make their returns and blow-ups like Toys-R-Us did not
               | make good returns. That said, there are systematic
               | problems with the incentives involved.
               | 
               | 1. PE investors tend to be VERY financially savvy, but
               | sell to less skilled investors. If they see that they
               | have the chance to sell one of their assets at a great
               | price, they don't have any issue with anyone holding the
               | bag. There were at least a few IPOs/SPACs that left the
               | (relatively less-savvy) public holding the bag.
               | 
               | 2. PE investors tend to be be finance-minded, not
               | operations-focused. That means that their planned
               | optimizations think about the financial health of a
               | company, not the "real" health. Culture can suffer
               | because of this, for example.
               | 
               | 3. PE is very interest rate dependent, and low interest
               | rates / bad investors can (and probably did) make the
               | tech bubble worse.
        
               | lazerpants wrote:
               | I am not a PE expert but I will try to explain using the
               | mortgage analogy. This is drastically simplified. The
               | shoehorned part of the analogy is that a bank won't
               | exactly lend as described below.
               | 
               | You take out a mortgage for a property you intend to
               | cashflow by posting it on AirBnB. You open an LLC to do
               | so. You put down a fraction of the price of the home,
               | let's say 5-10% and then you do some upgrades, but you
               | borrow against the price of the home for the upgrades,
               | not against your own credit. Now, you start AirBnBing
               | this very nice house out for absolute top dollar. It's
               | nice and people love it, you have great reviews. Every
               | time you get a payment from AirBnB, you take most of the
               | money and move it to your personal bank account as a
               | "management fee" or a "bonus" and you put the smallest
               | amount possible into the mortgage and the second mortgage
               | (the one you used to upgrade the house). Now, as the
               | house gets more use, or you cut costs, say on having the
               | pool cleaned, or on yard maintenance, the house goes down
               | in quality pretty significantly, but your original AirBnB
               | ratings are there and people are willing to pay
               | significant sums so you continue to rake in cash, and you
               | try to avoid maintenance as much as possible.
               | 
               | Eventually, the place is a run down heap, and people are
               | leaving terrible reviews, so you stop having
               | bookings/cashflow. Okay, now you just send the keys to
               | the bank and say "it's your problem". They get a rundown
               | house that has barely repaid its mortgage, and you get to
               | keep the cash. The trick is to have moved a lot more cash
               | into your account than you lose in the mortgage down
               | payment.
               | 
               | Edit: I should add that PE firms aren't always trying to
               | extract value at the cost of the business (sometimes they
               | absolutely are). However, they are always incentivized to
               | make cash flow and take maximum business risk for
               | potentially even larger payout.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Every time you get a payment from AirBnB, you take
               | most of the money and move it to your personal bank
               | account as a "management fee" or a "bonus" and you put
               | the smallest amount possible into the mortgage and the
               | second mortgage_
               | 
               | Correction: you pay your debt first. Then you take the
               | money and spend it on yourself versus investing in the
               | business, upgrading the home.
        
             | Veliladon wrote:
             | Debt can be acquired so long as there's a counterparty
             | willing to lend it. Banks can be convinced to pony up a lot
             | the cash because the business will often have scrap value
             | if all else fails and they can secure themselves a very
             | senior tranche to get that scrap value if everything goes
             | belly up. The unsecured tranches are often marketed
             | directly by PE firms to suckers otherwise known as
             | investors. They like to do lots of little things to make
             | the investor feel better like being able to convert debt to
             | equity at highly attractive rates ("if we IPO you'll make
             | squillions!") but for the investor they might as well be
             | buying a lottery ticket.
        
           | MandieD wrote:
           | We also have very effective unions in a lot of sectors,
           | particularly manufacturing. They're usually one of the main
           | factions in a Betriebsrat, so do a lot of negotiating long
           | before problems rise to the level of a strike.
           | 
           | We employees vote for our Betriebsrat members, and in very
           | large firms like mine, the candidates organize themselves
           | into faction lists (kind of like parties), and it works
           | basically like electoral politics do in the national and
           | state parliaments. At my company, our Betriebsrat elections
           | are every four years. You can go to the Betriebsrat, either
           | individual members or the council as a whole, with things
           | Americans would (reluctantly) go to HR for.
           | 
           | The top members of a large company Betriebsrat (but not all -
           | our Betriebsrat is way too large for that) are then part of
           | the board of directors during their elected term.
           | 
           | A former IT colleague of mine is currently serving as a full-
           | time Betriebsrat member after years of being involved, still
           | receiving his full salary; he will go back to working in IT
           | again at the end of the current term. Another colleague is a
           | lower-ranking member (different faction, too) and just gets a
           | certain number of paid hours per month to do Betriebsrat
           | stuff.
        
       | hn8305823 wrote:
       | > That's a great point, and I'm always adamant about pushing back
       | slightly on the story of Toys"R"Us. Toys"R"Us was profitable the
       | last year before it declared bankruptcy. The challenge was that
       | it had so much debt that it was servicing that rather than being
       | able to expand its operations, and it had advantages that Amazon
       | didn't have in terms of physical stores.
       | 
       | Push back more strongly. My partner at the time had been working
       | at a Toys'R'Us store for many years. She said right up to the
       | last day store traffic was as strong as ever - think last minute
       | shopping for your kid's friend's birthday party, buying toys for
       | your own kid's birthday etc. They had significant traffic and
       | sales throughout the year, not just holiday season. Buying a
       | bicycle for our kid? You're going to want to do that in person.
       | You're a mediocre parent that wants to placate your "annoying"
       | kid? take them to Toys'R'Us and let them shop for something.
       | People really underestimate how well TRU was thriving as a brick-
       | and-mortar store.
       | 
       | Also, contrary to what the article says about not figuring out
       | online shopping and logistics, she said associates spent a
       | majority of their time pulling online orders for same-day in-
       | store pickup, and that business was steadily increasing.
       | 
       | Too much debt killed Toys'R'Us, not Amazon. I don't know if it
       | was all acquisition debt, or if they loaded up afterwords to
       | strip-mine value but either way it was the debt period.
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | > _She said right up to the last day store traffic was as
         | strong as ever... People really underestimate how well TRU was
         | thriving as a brick-and-mortar store._
         | 
         | To be fair, that doesn't mean thriving at all. It's easy to
         | have tons of customers but be making zero profit because all
         | your revenue is eaten up by costs. It's common for stores to be
         | busy up to the moment they go bankrupt -- because the problem
         | is they're stuck where they can't raise prices (shoppers will
         | evaporate) and they can't lower costs.
         | 
         | > _contrary to what the article says about not figuring out
         | online shopping and logistics, she said associates spent a
         | majority of their time pulling online orders for same-day in-
         | store pickup_
         | 
         | That sounds like _not_ figuring it out to me. Store employees
         | pulling orders for in-store pickup is generally a _losing_
         | proposition and has never been sustainable. Big warehouses
         | handle online orders efficiently. Retail stores don 't at all,
         | generally speaking.
        
       | madballster wrote:
       | Ballou's criticism of PE fund managers being skilled in finance
       | but not in operations or engineering is missing the point. A good
       | PE fund manager understands the ins and outs of capital
       | allocation and its long-term effects on corporate performance. A
       | typical engineer or product company founder does not, and those
       | who do are the exception. PE companies are never operators of
       | businesses. They find (ideally) competent management teams and
       | advise them in capital allocation. Ballou alleges PE buys to
       | pillage and throw away the corpse. In truth, PE buys to sell,
       | that's the only way to make good returns.
       | 
       | In a perfect world, they'd buy an under-managed, undervalued
       | company, where necessary throw out management, bring in competent
       | management, perform bolt-on M&A where it makes sense, improve
       | KPIs, then sell a rejuvenated and much more competitive company
       | 5-10 years later at a much higher multiple. Examples? Ingersoll-
       | Rand, Brenntag, SS&C. Unfortunately, Ballou does not talk about
       | the positive outcomes because they don't make headlines.
        
       | toast0 wrote:
       | Private equity leveraged buyouts are an option for companies to
       | change their fate. Typically, they're on a long path towards an
       | slow death. With the buyout, current shareholders get a return,
       | and the company is on a 3-7 year path towards a crisis
       | bankruptcy.
       | 
       | It's good for the current shareholders, and it's good for the
       | private equity company. It's not good for the business, but if
       | the old owners and the new owners like the deal, who's really got
       | standing to object? How do you force a business to continue to
       | operate in spite of the business being unsustainable and
       | ownership wanting out?
       | 
       | Employees don't like it, but the business is already on a path to
       | death, so whatcha gonna do there? It's probably better for
       | employees if Toys R Us closes stores every year for many years,
       | instead of all of them at once, but those jobs are on borrowed
       | time either way. I'd imagine vendors don't like it, because
       | they're going to lose in bankruptcy, but after PE takes over your
       | client, that's a good time to reevaluate their credit and put
       | them on a shorter leash.
        
         | linuxftw wrote:
         | The problem lies in where the money comes from the execute
         | taking the company private. A big bank will issue the debt,
         | then peddle the debt as AAA rated into all of America's 401k's
         | via their friends at the brokerages. You think the banks are
         | just sitting on those debts hoping to make it to maturity?
         | 
         | And it's never the PE firm that owes the debt, they're able to
         | get paid back by the thing they buy, and that shell owes the
         | debt. The losses are socialized among the public.
        
           | Aunche wrote:
           | Sorry, but you have no idea what you're talking about.
           | There's no way debt from a leveraged buyout is going to be
           | rated anywhere close to AAA. The leveraged buyouts of Twitter
           | and Toy's R Us were funded by junk bonds.
           | 
           | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-10-31/twitter-s.
           | ...
           | 
           | https://www.moodys.com/credit-ratings/Toys-R-US-Inc-Old-
           | cred...
        
             | linuxftw wrote:
             | Don't worry, the banks figured out how to solve this
             | problem decades ago, they're called CBOs:
             | https://thebusinessprofessor.com/en_US/investments-
             | trading-f...
             | 
             | Basically, you take a bunch of junk, package it up, and
             | like magic, it's investment grade.
        
           | Invictus0 wrote:
           | You think the banks are so stupid that they just let PE firms
           | saddle them with a bunch of debt and walk away? Bank PE loans
           | are almost always senior loans, meaning the loan has to be
           | completely repaid before you can start distributing
           | dividends.
        
             | linuxftw wrote:
             | If the banks have sold the debt, they don't care if it's
             | paid or not, they're already paid.
        
             | AlexandrB wrote:
             | 2008 proved that banks are plenty stupid, especially if
             | they think they can sell the bad debt to someone else
             | before it explodes.
        
           | oatmeal1 wrote:
           | > A big bank will issue the debt, then peddle the debt as AAA
           | rated into all of America's 401k's via their friends at the
           | brokerages.
           | 
           | Do you have any links about this? I'd like to learn more
           | about how this scheme works.
        
             | linuxftw wrote:
             | https://debtexplorer.whitecase.com/leveraged-finance-
             | comment...!
             | 
             | I don't think that's going to walk you through all the
             | steps, but it shows you there's a market for buyout bonds,
             | aka, the bonds that pay the PE firms back so they saddle
             | the buyout debt onto the companies themselves.
             | 
             | There's no shortage of 'funds' that buy this garbage. When
             | a bond has a certain credit rating, it's going to get
             | sucked up into the funds, and those funds aren't
             | capitalized by Warren Buffett, they get cash from Joe and
             | Jane Doe's 401k.
             | 
             | That's how it works.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | verteu wrote:
         | > who's really got standing to object?
         | 
         | Other stakeholders, such as government regulators or the extra
         | patients killed when PE takes over their hospitals and nursing
         | homes [1].
         | 
         | [1] https://www.nber.org/papers/w28474
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | If the business is (seemingly) on the path to death and current
         | owners are done with it, but employees still want to stay, then
         | the obvious best outcome for the business is to be handed over
         | to the employees. The downside is that there's less money in
         | that for the shareholders and the PE fund, but let's not try to
         | change the narrative to "PE buyouts are best for the business"
         | when they clearly aren't. They are a way to squeeze out as much
         | capital as possible from a company before tossing its carcass,
         | nothing more.
        
           | mucle6 wrote:
           | This assumes that the current company has no valuation, or
           | the current employees can fund a purchase. And it assume that
           | the employees are more apt to run the company than PE
        
             | paxys wrote:
             | Yeah employees would probably never be able to match the
             | money offered by PE, but is assuming the second part too
             | much of a stretch?
        
         | CPLX wrote:
         | Who has standing to object? How about the people that get
         | ripped off.
         | 
         | It's looting. They're asset stripping.
         | 
         | They are _literally_ doing this:
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/ZPtjyqgZAUk
         | 
         | It's not a metaphor what is happening is _actually_ the same as
         | a common organized crime scheme. They are stealing from
         | creditors.
        
         | basch wrote:
         | Plants get pruned and brought back to life. I think there is an
         | argument to be made that PE could be caretakers and stewards
         | that unlock the good trapped by rot, but that might take time,
         | so instead they extract the value immediately but destroy the
         | life in the process. If corporations are people, my friends,
         | they deserve some human rights of their own.
        
       | d136o wrote:
       | One of the Montessori schools in SF (across the street from blue
       | bird hq) was bought by some Miami PE fund... that and some other
       | data points informed our decision to pass on it.
        
       | koromak wrote:
       | I fucking hate the financial system
        
       | Dowwie wrote:
       | Well, to be fair, doctors sold themselves out. In New Jersey and
       | New York City, I have to explicitly state that I only want to
       | meet with an MD and not an assistant physician or nurse
       | practitioner. As to how this is even legal is probably explained
       | by insurance company lobbying efforts for cost control.
        
         | alistairSH wrote:
         | That hasn't been quite my experience.
         | 
         | I've used PAs/NPs when it was appropriate (annual physical,
         | etc) - I don't need an MD to take a blood sample, run a blood
         | pressure check, and read of a standard checklist of questions.
         | 
         | And I've seen MDs when that was appropriate (specialist
         | procedures, things that aren't "a cold", etc).
         | 
         | There's room for both.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | legitster wrote:
         | Well, there is a nationwide (potentially global) doctor
         | shortage.
         | 
         | It's not like doctors are sitting in a room twiddling their
         | thumbs because insurance companies in the US are cheap.
         | 
         | Residency programs are kept artificially low through successful
         | efforts of the AMA to intentionally limit the number of doctors
         | in the US.
        
           | screye wrote:
           | Doctors are a cartel. Every organization that artificially
           | controls the number of doctors is run by doctors.
           | 
           | Ofc, no individual doctor is malicious, but their continued
           | support of what's effectively a 5-10 year hazing is at the
           | core of the issue.
        
       | KerrAvon wrote:
       | Instant Pot just got knifed by PE.
       | 
       | https://www.theverge.com/2023/6/12/23758602/instant-pot-bank...
       | 
       | > The other reason it's absolutely got to keep growing is that
       | there are expectations placed upon it by Cornell Capital, the
       | private equity firm that acquired the Instant from its founder in
       | 2019 and merged it with Corelle Brands, which makes all the Pyrex
       | and CorningWare products you probably heat up leftovers in. ... >
       | Sometimes you don't have to grow at all costs. You can just be
       | very good at one thing
        
       | letsdothisagain wrote:
       | PE is just a rebrand of Corporate Raiders. The fact that this
       | worked is a testament to just how much of our media is directly
       | controlled by Wall St.
        
         | monnok wrote:
         | I sold my house to PE. I work for a conglomerate that was
         | captured by a vulture capitalist and immediately flipped to PE.
         | I've been thinking a lot about PE.
         | 
         | I think PE is this decade's banks bailout. Bank balance sheets
         | were severely unhealthy in the face of fixed rate loans and
         | skyrocketing inflation. Easy credit was eagerly extended to
         | anyone crooked enough take on variable rates and capture real
         | assets.
         | 
         | The LLCs that the smart firms financed for their small captures
         | (like houses) are going bankrupt while the revenue they booked
         | is already packaged into REITs and held by corporations as part
         | of their supposed inflation hedges (or timebombs).
         | 
         | Meanwhile, the reckless PEs owning multiple corporations are
         | either going to flip them to international bag holders, or
         | drown under the operating costs of servicing 100% debt-financed
         | equity themselves.
         | 
         | When catastrophe comes, and bagholders go under, rotten assets
         | will revert to the banks... and taxpayers will bailout the
         | banks to protect hundreds of PE-owned corporations and
         | thousands of "innocent" corporations saddled with toxic REIT-
         | backed instruments and each other's default swaps.
         | 
         | All of which means, if you were priced out of a home in the
         | last three years, it might have been your future tax paying
         | self who outbid you... on behalf of the banks who will
         | indirectly own that home.
        
       | jrochkind1 wrote:
       | I feel like private equitys game plan is generally to make a good
       | profit while making employers and customers both miserable. So...
       | this is _great_ for our society.
        
       | ranting-moth wrote:
       | I don't know if it was PE change, but I remember the last time I
       | went to Toys R Us. The whole shop was full of expensive garbage
       | toys. I didn't buy anything and left feeling like someone had
       | just tried to scam me.
        
       | JumpCrisscross wrote:
       | I have a pet theory: there are managerially-minded university
       | graduates who value prestige more than power or pay. In the post-
       | War era, they became beige-suited company men. In my generation,
       | they went corporate finance. Today, they work for private equity.
       | 
       | Banking was great. Everyone-from liberal arts to engineering
       | majors-could putz around for years in a pre-defined and
       | prestigious path with moderately above-market pay and the
       | potential to become rich. (Most don't.) It was also a field that
       | could absorb a lot of grunt work, because most of what these
       | folks did was format PowerPoints and populate Excel templates.
       | 
       | After the GFC, bulge-bracket finance became less prestigious
       | right when technology lowered the industry's hunger for grunts.
       | Silicon Valley took up some slack, but at least until the
       | pandemic hiring boom, there was a _modicum_ of technical gating
       | factors.
       | 
       | The entire time, corporate and industrial America needed
       | administration. But working at a chemical plant in Baton Rouge
       | isn't sexy. You know what _is_ sexy? Working for KKR.
       | 
       | So KKR's partners buy the plant, hire the college grad, give them
       | a few weeks' training and "deploy" them to Baton Rouge. That will
       | be their "project" for years. There are perks: they get to fly in
       | from a city, for instance. But overall, the partners can acquire
       | this labor cheaper than their portolio companies. (Ask anyone who
       | isn't a partner at a private equity firm what they do, and it's
       | on a spectrum between administrative assistance and middle
       | management in a random business.) It's what consulting did in
       | another era, re-branded for what young people willing to take
       | less pay and power predict their peers and parents find
       | prestigious (and what they consider safe).
        
         | courseofaction wrote:
         | The banality of evil.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | PE fund managers and associates aren't on the ground managing
         | factories. Very, very far from it.
        
         | TrackerFF wrote:
         | Yes, they are called "Insecure overachievers". They are the
         | bread and butter of investment banks, management consulting
         | firms, big law firms, etc.
         | 
         | They are also the reason that partnerships still thrive. A
         | couple of years ago I was talking with this (big law) partner
         | at a dinner, and we came in on the topic around partnership -
         | and he just said it straight: The competition / rat race
         | towards partnership is 100% skewed to the firms advantage. They
         | get dozens of highly motivated, highly competent professionals
         | competing against each others to prove their worth. They'll be
         | on call 24/7/365 to show that they're worthy of partnership.
         | Even if they become partners, most won't be rainmakers - and
         | many would have made the same amount of money if they struck
         | out on their own, opening a small boutique firm.
         | 
         | Prestige is a powerful motivator.
        
           | JohnFen wrote:
           | > Prestige is a powerful motivator.
           | 
           | I know this to be true because I've seen so many people given
           | BS titles instead of raises and be happy about it as if they
           | got something of real value.
           | 
           | But I don't understand it at all. Apparently, I lack the
           | "prestige" gene.
        
             | tiffanyh wrote:
             | My favorite title bump is "Head of X".
             | 
             | Because rarely the person is ever the actual head.
        
           | notacoward wrote:
           | That sounds like the "elite overproduction" which is commonly
           | held to be one of the two factors increasing likelihood of a
           | revolution (the other being popular immiseration).
           | 
           | https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2023/06/us-
           | societa...
           | 
           | As much as I like the idea of PE scum putting their own necks
           | into the guillotines, though, I'm skeptical of whether this
           | theory really works.
        
         | yasman wrote:
         | There's a book called "Excellent Sheep" that explores this idea
         | as well. It's been a while since I read it but roughly the
         | premise was that all these "prestigious" organisations (they
         | focused more on McKinsey et al) are another, maybe final, stage
         | on a long ladder of structured excellence. AP/Extracurricular
         | -> Ivy League College -> Consulting (or PE/IB) -> MBA -> ?
         | 
         | The path is well defined and optimises for essentially
         | racehorses. The path is defined at each step, you bring the
         | sweat and hours. Hope to make it through the filter to the next
         | level.
         | 
         | The book ends with the question of what to do after the last
         | rung of the ladder? How do deal with the existential crisis? To
         | be on the ladder is to adopt an external value system. How to
         | find yourself now? Liberate yourself from the golden handcuffs?
         | 
         | Interesting read
        
         | jazzkingrt wrote:
         | A friend of mine is VP (not partner), and he seems to spend
         | most of his time on deals. Market research, building financial
         | models for a potential LBO, or for the sale of a portfolio
         | company.
         | 
         | From what I understand, the on-the-ground management work after
         | acquisition is outsourced to specialized executives with whom
         | the firm has a relationship. They can bring expertise in a
         | specific industry, and the deal structure pays them with large
         | performance incentives.
        
         | jfidbfidvdid wrote:
         | too complex. world is simple.
         | 
         | boom-bust cycles enable capital to buy everything in the bust
         | period. every thing.
         | 
         | legal entities keep shifting to join news tax avoidance tricks.
         | it's not a static game.
        
         | relativty wrote:
         | [dead]
        
       | coastermug wrote:
       | I've pushed back on previous discussions on here about PE because
       | of lack of detail about wrong doings, however this article is
       | excellent. "dividend recapitalization" seems absolutely insane
       | for anyone running a business.
        
         | Footkerchief wrote:
         | Yes: https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-news/greed-
         | an...
         | 
         | > Romney and Bain avoided the hostile approach, preferring to
         | secure the cooperation of their takeover targets by buying off
         | a company's management with lucrative bonuses. Once management
         | is on board, the rest is just math. So if the target company is
         | worth $500 million, Bain might put down $20 million of its own
         | cash, then borrow $350 million from an investment bank to take
         | over a controlling stake.
         | 
         | > But here's the catch. When Bain borrows all of that money
         | from the bank, it's the target company that ends up on the hook
         | for all of the debt.
         | 
         | > This business model wasn't really "helping," of course - and
         | it wasn't new. Fans of mob movies will recognize what's known
         | as the "bust-out," in which a gangster takes over a restaurant
         | or sporting goods store and then monetizes his investment by
         | running up giant debts on the company's credit line. (Think
         | Paulie buying all those cases of Cutty Sark in Goodfellas.)
         | When the note comes due, the mobster simply torches the
         | restaurant and collects the insurance money. Reduced to their
         | most basic level, the leveraged buyouts engineered by Romney
         | followed exactly the same business model. "It's the bust-out,"
         | one Wall Street trader says with a laugh. "That's all it is."
        
           | coastermug wrote:
           | What I want to know, is how do the banks keep lending to PE
           | outfits? They are surely the losers in this situation?
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | I've turned down interviews with several companies after finding
       | out they were PE managed. If you need the job take it, but
       | otherwise find something with hope. After looking them up on
       | crunchbase or the public filings, a decline on sight policy on PE
       | owned companies has saved me a lot of time and, I think, career
       | suffering.
        
       | Avshalom wrote:
       | Just bankrupted instant pots and pyrex too
       | 
       | https://edition.cnn.com/2023/06/13/business/instant-brands-b...
        
         | pierat wrote:
         | > Instant Brands was purchased by private equity firm Cornell
         | Capital in 2017.
         | 
         | And although https://cornellcapllc.com/investments/ provides
         | the shell companies they own, who knows what's under each of
         | those shells, and under those shells.
        
       | mperham wrote:
       | There's an effective tactic for dealing with Wall St control:
       | unionize.
        
       | briandoll wrote:
       | A friend of mine is a Vet at a place recently sold to a PE firm.
       | If your wait times are crazy long, if you can't get through on a
       | phone, if you realize your vet's office has parted ways with the
       | great vet you used to see -- that's the PE firm counting beans
       | and destroying the service for customers in an effort to squeeze
       | every dollar out of the system.
       | 
       | As a specific obviously bad example -- Vet services in California
       | are kinda seasonal. More visits in summer than winter, due to
       | more time outdoors, etc. A PE firm looked at visits on a weekly
       | basis and saw a downward trend in the winter and decided to re-
       | set staffing based on that. Now that summer has arrived they are
       | severely short staffed, have parted ways with great vets, and now
       | wait times are horrific.
       | 
       | Thanks PE!
        
         | epups wrote:
         | Why wouldn't your friend just open up a practice and compete
         | with this dysfunctional company?
        
           | singleshot_ wrote:
           | Maybe because now that the retail vet is destroyed and rich
           | people need vets who are not pathologically inconvenient and
           | terrible, there is a brisk market for retained private vets.
           | 
           | This is a trend I've noticed that goes along with
           | "enshittification" wherein the normal thing (let's take
           | grocery stores as an example) become either so downmarket-
           | oriented (e.g., Dollar General) or aggravating (e.g., self-
           | checkout lanes, poor inventory management, objectionable
           | customer service) that they abandon the middle market and
           | become intolerable.
           | 
           | At that point the upper part of the market diverges, and
           | something like personal shoppers becomes the norm for anyone
           | who can afford it.
           | 
           | On one hand, people in the middle class get squeezed by
           | salary, and on the other hand they get squeezed because they
           | hate Dollar General and they can't afford a butler to shop
           | for them.
           | 
           | Real nice system we have here.
        
           | failuser wrote:
           | This is not a stupid question. I would only guess that start
           | up capital is not available and the market is not big enough
           | for another practice. And all that before considering
           | licensing.
           | 
           | Most professions have a gulf between the wealth of business
           | owners and workers. You can't start a business working hand
           | to mouth.
        
           | JohnFen wrote:
           | Starting a business requires a certain sort of personality
           | and interest. Most people don't fit that mold, and most of
           | those people are fully aware of that.
        
           | petsfed wrote:
           | And take on all the overhead of running a company, when they
           | already have a maybe 1:1 ratio of patient contact hours to
           | unbillable admin?
           | 
           | And anyway, even the doctors of veterinary work aren't
           | rolling in money. Private practices sell to investors because
           | they have the mountains of cash that the sole proprietor does
           | not. Its just the devils bargain people strike all the time.
        
           | quickthrowman wrote:
           | Some vets just want to practice veterinary medicine instead
           | of running a business.
           | 
           | Start to finish, a vet clinic buildout is going to run you
           | $1M+, and any lender is going to want a personal guarantee
           | that uses your home and other personal assets as collateral
           | if they're lending to a new business owner.
           | 
           | You could certainly find investors, but then you'll have
           | people wanting an ROI.
           | 
           | I could come up with more reasons, but those two are probably
           | the main ones.
           | 
           | My grandfather opened and ran two veterinary clinics in the
           | 1970s. He sold both of them in the 1980s, one of them is
           | still around. The other one closed after the buyer, another
           | veterinarian, killed himself after the building and land were
           | eminent domained for a freeway expansion and he felt he
           | wasn't paid enough for the land by the government.
        
         | ProjectArcturis wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
         | snapetom wrote:
         | My wife is a vet for a corporate owned hospital and our circle
         | of friends are naturally very vet centric. They run the gamut
         | from PE vets, corp vets, and private owners. We know GPS,
         | specialists, dogs and cats only, large animal, exotics. What
         | you are describing is not PE specific.
         | 
         | Staffing issues, primarily technicians, have hit everyone
         | across the board. It's a combination of wages, training,
         | quality of life. Moreover, COVID caused a dramatic demand in
         | vet services but protocols decreased the amount of patients
         | seen. Only now is there starting to be some relief on that.
         | Maybe PE reacted in a way that was not the wisest in your
         | friend's opinion, but everyone scrambled and few succeeded.
        
           | pc86 wrote:
           | I dated a vet tech several years before COVID and it sounded
           | like a horrendous job. $20/hr was considered good pay, you're
           | constantly bending over, pickup up things (sometimes things
           | that definitively do _not_ to get picked up), and you 're
           | literally dealing with some of the shittiest parts of animal
           | care.
        
             | TylerE wrote:
             | Better than doing the same work with heavier patients in
             | nursing homes for $12/hr.
        
               | slimsag wrote:
               | The level of mental trauma endured by vets I doubt is
               | matched by elderly care nurses.
        
               | primax wrote:
               | My wife worked in aged care. There are plenty of nasty or
               | racist old people in aged care that make their job awful
        
       | moomoo11 wrote:
       | PE is only good for PE and privileged shareholders.
       | 
       | I think they have a place, maybe in hell?
       | 
       | My dad used to work somewhere that got taken over by PE. He was
       | immigrant so can't really change jobs easily esp in that
       | environment. Fuck those asswipes for making his work life a
       | nightmare that eventually permeated into family life because he
       | was always stressed out.
        
       | lapcat wrote:
       | Some highlights (lowlights?) of the interview:
       | 
       | > the model is that often businesses that service working-class
       | people are attractive because poorer customers don't have
       | alternatives, so you can raise prices, you can cut quality care
       | 
       | > Private equity firms have donated something like $900 million
       | since 1990 to federal candidates. They have a bench of employees
       | that include former cabinet members, secretaries of state,
       | treasury, defense, chairman of the FCC, SEC.
       | 
       | > it's almost impossible for a private equity firm to be held
       | legally responsible under common law veil-piercing arguments
       | 
       | > They executed a sale-leaseback, which means they sold the
       | underlying assets of the nursing home chain and had the chain
       | lease it back for a quick hit of money, but now they've got a
       | long-term obligation. They executed what's called a dividend
       | recapitalization, so ManorCare had to borrow money to pay Carlyle
       | and the other investors a profit.
        
       | SNosTrAnDbLe wrote:
       | I have firsthand experience of how PE ruins startups. We were a
       | small startup and unfortunately our founder decided to go with a
       | PE firm rather than a VC firm for a round of funding. The latter
       | were upfront about job cuts but the PE firm did not say anything
       | until them took over. The founder got a good paycheck but we were
       | left holding the bag.
       | 
       | There was a bloodbath and they ruined the culture, the product
       | and the morale. I never realized the meaning of a "cutthroat"
       | culture until that time. It was personally the most stressful
       | period of my employment.
       | 
       | From then on, the moment that I see PE mentioned anywhere, I know
       | its time to run.
        
         | hotpotamus wrote:
         | I believe they prefer the term "sharp-elbowed", but either way,
         | you can imagine why so many were not interested in having Mitt
         | Romney as a national leader.
        
         | andix wrote:
         | Was it at least a good deal for the founder?
         | 
         | I feel your pain about what happened. I've seen comparable
         | things a few times first hand. My learning was: just leave once
         | the change starts, only stay if you're getting something out of
         | it. It's not my company, I'm only in charge of my life, I'll
         | find something better soon.
         | 
         | I think I would not recommend to run once PE is mentioned, it
         | can also change for the better, but it can be a red flag to
         | look more closely.
        
           | fnimick wrote:
           | > Was it at least a good deal for the founder?
           | 
           | This doesn't make it any better for the, you know, entire
           | rest of the company.
           | 
           | It's important to remember that this startup industry relies
           | on selling dreams to idealistic young grads who will usually
           | end up under the bus while the higher-ups walk away with the
           | profit, if there is any. And a lot of us here are complicit,
           | because we rely on cheap labor and false promises to get the
           | next company off the ground.
           | 
           | Once you see your first exit where the CEO walks away with
           | $10+ million and every single other employee's stock (even
           | the first few engineers) was made worthless in backroom
           | dealings, you get jaded about the way this entire business
           | operates.
        
             | twiddling wrote:
             | It's strictly business. You keep your CV up to date and
             | move on.
        
               | BizarreByte wrote:
               | Nah, I'm tired of this. It's not simply business, some of
               | us actually give a damn and care.
               | 
               | PE fucks up everything most of the time, hurts the
               | majority, and I hope I never encounter it again in my
               | working career.
        
             | andix wrote:
             | For me a job is a job, my emotional attachment is limited.
             | It can be awesome, but how the company changes is not in my
             | power, if I don't own an substantial amount of equity.
             | 
             | Usually if a company fails, it happens in slow-motion. As
             | an employee you can often spot that years before it makes
             | the news. Just move on before it makes the news.
        
           | SNosTrAnDbLe wrote:
           | Thanks! It was a really sweet deal for the founder as he left
           | as far as I know and I suspect for their direct reports as
           | well.
           | 
           | Its been a while but it still brings out some bitterness. I
           | did leave after an year but the damage had been done by then.
        
           | JohnFen wrote:
           | > My learning was: just leave once the change starts
           | 
           | As a customer, rather than an employee, that's what I learned
           | too. If a PE firm buys a company that I do business with, the
           | best thing for me to do is to stop doing business with them.
        
         | api wrote:
         | A major difference is that VCs (good ones at least) specialize
         | in startups in a given sector and have some understanding of
         | the sector, the product, the market landscape, the culture,
         | etc. They also operate in that sector long term which means
         | they really want to maintain a decent reputation among
         | founders, employees, and even customers. VCs really don't want
         | to get their name associated with "OMG run away!" since it
         | could adversely affect their deal flow in the future.
         | 
         | PE usually doesn't have any special connection to your sector
         | or community. They just buy stuff and try to run it according
         | to bog standard MBA rules.
        
           | vdqtp3 wrote:
           | > PE usually doesn't have any special connection to your
           | sector or community.
           | 
           | I know you said usually, but it really does depend. Thoma
           | Bravo would be an example of one that is tech sector focused.
           | Not that I like TB, just saying that doesn't always apply.
        
         | snapetom wrote:
         | I am inadvertently part of a PE cleanup, being a PM hired by a
         | guy PE brought in.
         | 
         | I am of the opinion if PE destroyed this company's culture and
         | strip/sell it off, it's certainly deserves it and will be
         | better for everyone involved.
         | 
         | This place worked for decades as a cost center. It never made
         | money, routinely losing $10-$40 million a year. Multimillion
         | dollar deals were negotiated and made with handshakes, biting
         | is in the ass. The engineers spent their time making shit, over
         | engineered products with no regards to the little customers we
         | had. Our suite of products have no interoperability. Just last
         | week i again repeated why to a couple of "top engineers" why
         | having single sign on across Our products makes a good customer
         | experience.
         | 
         | PE is a tech boogeyman here on HN and Reddit. But now I
         | wholeheartedly believe that's Sometimes PE needs to come in and
         | shut things down.
        
         | enlyth wrote:
         | It's not all black and white, at least from my experience
         | 
         | A similar thing to what you described happened at a software
         | company where I used to work at, culture destroyed, many people
         | let go. I will name and shame the PE firm - it was Hg Capital
         | 
         | However currently, I've been at a company for a few years who
         | is owned by Morgan Stanley Capital Partners, and it's a
         | completely different story. The culture is great and hasn't
         | changed at all
        
           | rcoveson wrote:
           | Morgan Stanley Capital Partners: The middle-market private
           | equity platform that cares.
        
           | lisasays wrote:
           | _I will name and shame the PE firm - it was Hg Capital._
           | 
           | Always appreciated and very helpful. Nothing in this comments
           | suggest that it deserves any downvotes.
        
           | curiousllama wrote:
           | It REALLY matters what kind of PE you're talking about.
           | 
           | Bought by a growth equity fund? Probably fine. Bought as part
           | of a roll up? Probably screwed.
           | 
           | PE is like tech: similar tools, but very different firms.
        
             | chiph wrote:
             | A previous firm I worked at was bought as part of a roll-up
             | (market segment consolidation). If you're the firm that
             | they're rolling all their acquisitions into, that's great &
             | exciting. If you're one of the roll-ees, not so much.
             | 
             | They bought us not for our technology but our customer
             | base. They intended to convert them all to their other
             | firm's product. Little did they know that a lot of our
             | customers had left the other firm for us because we treated
             | them better.. So what happened is in addition to the back
             | office staff & sales staff being laid off, they laid off
             | the developers & testers too (they kept a few managers for
             | a year for continuity). I realized this when the folks they
             | sent to town refused to go to lunch with us in an rather
             | awkward moment.
        
               | SNosTrAnDbLe wrote:
               | That is funny as the exact thing happened in my startup
               | as well (we were one of the roll-ees) We got some suits
               | sent by the PE after the funding round.They politely said
               | that they had other plans when we invited them for lunch.
        
         | eli wrote:
         | PE acquired us and was a great partner. Allowed us to do larger
         | M&A deals than we otherwise could have. Supportive but mostly
         | stayed out of the way. Never suggested any cuts or anything
         | that would impact culture. Ultimately led to us being acquired
         | by a strategic a few years later in what I think was a good
         | outcome for everyone.
         | 
         | These are all just anecdotes. My experience doesn't override
         | yours, but I'd be careful drawing broad conclusions.
         | 
         | I think sometimes PE gets a bad rap because they can be a
         | "buyer of last resort" for companies that are already
         | struggling.
        
           | dmix wrote:
           | If PE ruined more businesses than it helped then people
           | wouldn't be doing PE (either the finance guys or the
           | companies).
           | 
           | So technically there should be more wins than not. At least
           | on paper. How that looks for lower level employees may be
           | different but often PE is there for a reason.
        
             | bee_rider wrote:
             | If PE ruined 5 companies for every success but that one
             | success paid back 10x, someone would do it.
        
             | majormajor wrote:
             | Eh, you'd expect that trend to take something like decades
             | to fully percolate and result in behavioral change, if
             | ever.
             | 
             | You could apply your first sentence pretty directly to
             | MLMs, for instance.
        
             | derefr wrote:
             | You can turn a low-profit "boutique" business that pays the
             | salary of 100 people, into a high-margin marque for an
             | acquiring larger-sized corp where every one of those
             | employees get thrown out on their asses because they're
             | redundant post-consolidation.
             | 
             | If you built the boutique business to get a payday, maybe
             | you'd consider that a win. The market certainly would.
             | 
             | If you built the boutique business because the megaco had a
             | monopoly and was stagnating and awful and you believed in a
             | vision where you can do better -- then the PE firm just
             | forced you to take an L by selling to that same megaco and
             | hollowing out your business to just become another head of
             | its behemoth.
             | 
             | If you built the boutique business to work with your
             | favorite people in a non-hellish work environment and
             | ensure they all get to live comfortably -- you've probably
             | developed cirrhosis from all the regret you're drinking
             | away.
        
               | ideamotor wrote:
               | Brutal
        
           | SNosTrAnDbLe wrote:
           | Maybe PE firms are ok and mine was an extreme example but I
           | got burned pretty badly. If I do have to work on a place
           | backed by a PE firm for some reason, I would start out as a
           | contractor and then see how it plays out before committing to
           | be a full time employee.
        
           | jfidbfidvdid wrote:
           | do you tell this often? i could swear I've read this exact
           | comment before (pe acquired, great partner, enabled m&a,
           | ultimately acquired by a strategic)
        
           | mbesto wrote:
           | My firm supports 100's of PE acquisitions every year and I
           | can tell you that your experience is far more the norm than
           | what the parent comment has suggested.
        
             | icelancer wrote:
             | The idea that PE comes in and sets eight figures of their
             | own money on fire and ruins a business, shooting themselves
             | in the foot makes no sense, yet every other story online is
             | about them doing exactly that.
             | 
             | Of course there are LBO scams going on (more historically
             | rather than currently) but these billion dollar firms don't
             | come in and lose a ton of their own money along with money
             | of their outside investors on a regular basis.
        
               | mbesto wrote:
               | > yet every other story online is about them doing
               | exactly that.
               | 
               | That's because this strategy is only normally utilized by
               | the biggest PE firms (Apollo, KKR, etc.) who acquire
               | large businesses (Toys R Us, Instant Brands, etc.) and
               | those sell headlines. Net on net returns, it's much
               | harder to turn a $1B biz into a $2B, versus a $10M
               | business into a $20M business. So the large funds
               | typically do a ton of creative financing to achieve
               | returns and hence how they essentially bankrupt the
               | companies. Sub $1B acquisitions usually this strategy
               | doesn't make much sense.
        
               | FormerBandmate wrote:
               | PE firms are brutal to journalists because journalism
               | doesn't make any money anymore (which is tragic).
               | Journalists as such hate them
        
               | BeetleB wrote:
               | > The idea that PE comes in and sets eight figures of
               | their own money on fire and ruins a business, shooting
               | themselves in the foot makes no sense, yet every other
               | story online is about them doing exactly that.
               | 
               | On How I Built This, they frequently talk to companies
               | that were bought out by PE. Some had negative
               | experiences, but the majority were positive.
        
               | r00fus wrote:
               | Isn't LBO the norm in industry? Where they charge from
               | the acquired company and the acquired company takes on a
               | huge loan?
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Isn't LBO the norm in industry?_
               | 
               | No, it's one of many PE strategies. Almost all private
               | equity firms utilize leverage in some form, but it's not
               | universal and certainly not as extreme in all cases as
               | the LBO shops.
        
               | mbesto wrote:
               | LBO != debt ("huge loan")
               | 
               | LBO is how the PE firm finances the acquisition. Think of
               | almost exactly like a mortgage. The bank ( = investment
               | bank) doesn't want to maintain/manage the house ( =
               | company) so they help fund the acquiring cost. Typically
               | it's 50/50 (50% the PE firm uses its own fund and 50% it
               | uses a loan from an investment bank "mortgage).
               | 
               | Post close, they might utilize a credit facility (usually
               | a bank loan) where they can put debt on the company's
               | books for specific initiatives (add-on acquisitions,
               | hiring, etc.). There are some huge advantages to this
               | because they usually can get loans at way better rates
               | than a company could get if they went to a bank and got
               | an SBA loan, venture debt, etc.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | eli wrote:
               | To be fair, I think there are also some PE firms that
               | simply aren't that good at their job.
        
               | mbesto wrote:
               | This is very, very true. There is a huge proliferation of
               | PE firms now too and many who are very unsophisticated,
               | especially when dealing with smaller, family run
               | businesses.
        
               | Jeslijar wrote:
               | They come in, reduce costs as much as possible, keep
               | revenue coming in as long as they can while having huge
               | dividends to said PE until they get so far into debt they
               | are not sustainable. They'll swap to service providers
               | that they either own or get a cut from and pay
               | themselves.
               | 
               | Then their purchased company gets bankrupted, sells their
               | assets to cover their debts (including said PE's 'debts'
               | of services provided.)
               | 
               | They probably make 200-300% of their initial investment
               | back by paying for the initial purchase with debt that is
               | tacked onto the purchased organization and simply drain
               | them dry. PE doesn't make a ton of money by being dumb,
               | they make a ton of money using any and all tactics
               | necessary to make big stacks in short time. Obviously not
               | all PEs operate like this and there are likely many
               | loopholes and strategies.
               | 
               | They bankrupt it by basically pumping it full of debt
               | while taking money out and dumping it once it's out of
               | money - zero liability with a LLC right?
        
               | AlphaSite wrote:
               | Who's the one offering them the debt in the first place?
               | You'd think if it were so easy people would wise up to it
               | and stop offering debt to PE owned firms.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | Growth equity blurs the line between traditional PE, on one
             | hand, which spans buying and responsibly operating good
             | companies to LBOs, which require cuts, and venture capital,
             | on the other hand, which is more hands off but also more
             | brutal if you don't look like you're flying moonwards. This
             | ambiguity as to what "private equity" is might be clouding
             | the data.
        
               | mbesto wrote:
               | That's true. I equate Growth PE with "minority interest,
               | positive profitability", VC as "minority interest, growth
               | at all costs" and PE is simply "majority acquisition,
               | typically profitable".
        
             | JohnFen wrote:
             | Not that I don't believe you, but my personal experience
             | dealing with outfits (as a customer) that have been
             | acquired by PE firms is that they have ruined the thing
             | they acquired approximately 100% of the time.
        
         | tracerbulletx wrote:
         | Same thing happened at a company I worked at, they also
         | constantly tell you how they are investing in the future of the
         | company and will not be doing all of the culture destroying
         | things that they are definitely going to do. So if you are in
         | this position and they say it will be different, don't believe
         | them.
        
           | SirMaster wrote:
           | It's not always like this.
           | 
           | A PE bought a majority stake in the company I work for which
           | for 40 years was a family owned company.
           | 
           | They said they were financial partners only, non-operational
           | and they bought because they liked how we were.
           | 
           | It's been years since and things have only gotten better as
           | far as I am concerned. I mean they were pretty great
           | originally when the family owned it and I had no complaints,
           | but the culture and engagement and such has only gotten
           | better, and the company is growing faster and becoming even
           | more profitable than ever before as well.
        
             | mistrial9 wrote:
             | that is the Warren Buffet model.. who can complain? not
             | everything goes that way.. congrats on the successful
             | transition
        
               | SirMaster wrote:
               | Just from what I hear it seems like most go bad. Though I
               | have to assume it's also a case of people are more
               | inclined to complain when things go poorly.
               | 
               | I mean why would people write comments about how such a
               | thing went smoothly and well. People do now and again but
               | not usually spontaneously.
               | 
               | Part of why I felt I should share my own experience. Hard
               | to know what % of PE acquisitions the workers end up
               | liking vs. hating, but I bet it's not as many bad cases
               | as it seems from media or online comments.
        
         | mbesto wrote:
         | YMMV. Really depends on which PE firm it is. The large cap ones
         | are notorious for what you are describing.
         | 
         | The PE clients I work with are very growth orientated and
         | understand that culture is important for growth, so I don't
         | believe you can paint the whole space with one brushstroke.
        
       | rhino369 wrote:
       | I can't speak to Toys R Us specifically, but if the underlying
       | business was solid, it would reemerge under chapter 11.
        
       | thedangler wrote:
       | Don't forget the amazing track record of BCG leading companies
       | into bankruptcy. Yes BCG consulted for Toy's R Us. Maybe there is
       | more too it...
       | 
       | There is a conspiracy theory BCG is tied to SHF to lead companies
       | into bankruptcy with help of negative news narratives and help
       | from MM to internalize buy orders and place sell orders on lit
       | markets driving stock prices down.
       | 
       | No concrete evidence yet but who knows when all they get is a
       | fine and it's business as usual.
       | 
       | BCG also consulted for:
       | 
       | Blockbuster
       | 
       | OfficeMax
       | 
       | Pizza Hut
       | 
       | KLM Air France
       | 
       | K-Mart
       | 
       | Neiman Marcus
       | 
       | Pier 1 Imports
       | 
       | Sears
       | 
       | Toys R Us
       | 
       | Circuit City
       | 
       | JC Penny
       | 
       | Radio Shack
       | 
       | Texaco
       | 
       | Chrysler
       | 
       | MF Global
       | 
       | Conseco Inc.
       | 
       | CIT Group
       | 
       | GM
       | 
       | WorldCom
       | 
       | Washington Mutual
       | 
       | Lehman Brothers
       | 
       | GameStop - Fired avoided bankruptcy
       | 
       | PulteGroup - Fired and avoided bankruptcy.
        
         | vkou wrote:
         | Which of these brands do you think were healthy, prior to
         | hiring consultants? Which of them had healthy future prospects,
         | and did not deserve to have 'their stock prices driven down'?
         | 
         | I'm not saying that the consultants provided any value add, but
         | if a priest gets hired to say last rights over a terminal
         | patient, it's hard to accuse the priest of _killing_ the
         | patient.
        
         | 4rd wrote:
         | Isn't there significant sample bias here though? I imagine
         | companies in dire circumstances would be more likely to bring
         | on consultants to help "right the ship"
        
       | lordnacho wrote:
       | I literally tasted a PE takeover once.
       | 
       | Those of you in Britain might remember a burger chain called Ed's
       | Easy Diner. They had a shop in Soho, served really good
       | "American" burgers and shakes. So good I used to yearn for them
       | after I left the country.
       | 
       | I came back after a few years, and found they had expanded. I
       | excitedly took my family to eat at one of the new branches.
       | 
       | I took one bite of what appeared to be my old favorite, spat it
       | out, and immediately reached for my phone. The burger was now
       | made of gristle instead of meat, other ingredients were worse,
       | and the shake was not too nice either.
       | 
       | Indeed, it had been bought out not long after my previous visit.
        
       | jarym wrote:
       | Not just in the US either - in the UK my local gym (part of a
       | national chain) that I've been with for over a decade got bought
       | by a PE firm. In 18 months the fees went up over 60%. They used
       | to give out regular guest passes - now only 1-2 passes once a
       | year and they're valid for less time than they used to be.
       | They've also doubled the charges for bringing a guest.
       | 
       | All these price increases and while the staff are still nice, the
       | gym is now overcrowded and many times there isn't any equipment
       | available. Also, there is dust on almost all the equipment - like
       | a thick layer, clearly the only thing being regularly cleaned is
       | the floor.
       | 
       | Naturally, I am looking to go elsewhere but my impression of PE
       | as a consumer based on my personal experience is quite negative.
        
         | gibspaulding wrote:
         | The PE firm has managed to charge more, clean less, AND bring
         | in enough customers that the gym is overcrowded?
         | 
         | I'd be looking elsewhere too, but from a business perspective
         | that sounds like a roaring success.
        
           | johneth wrote:
           | > I'd be looking elsewhere too, but from a business
           | perspective that sounds like a roaring success.
           | 
           | Short term, yeah. Long term, it's a big opportunity for
           | someone else to come in and provide the original superior
           | service and eat their lunch.
        
         | tucaz wrote:
         | This is weird.
         | 
         | - Prices went up - Way more people are going to the point where
         | it's overcrowded - But still dust accumulates on the equipment?
        
       | S_A_P wrote:
       | I don't know the answer here, so Im asking hoping that someone
       | may. Couldn't private equity be seen as the "ants" of the
       | economic landscape? Scraping the skeleton companies of the world
       | for the last bits of meat on the bone and then move on to the
       | next?
        
         | bell-cot wrote:
         | PE is more like a flock of buzzards, cleaning up the bodies at
         | train wrecks. A very clever, malicious flock of buzzards -
         | who've learned how to hack the switches & signals, to ensure an
         | ample & growing supply of train wrecks.
        
           | GartzenDeHaes wrote:
           | More like zombies overrunning the last defenses of
           | civilization and consuming the few remaining survivors.
        
         | ekanes wrote:
         | Yes. That's perfect. Except that the animal they're eating
         | wasn't necessarily dying, it might have just been growing
         | slowly.
        
         | oneplane wrote:
         | I'd say more like some slimy poison frog, toxic, nasty and only
         | care about themselves while smearing themselves all over the
         | place. Looks great from a distance tho.
         | 
         | Or, they are a self-aware trolley that eats run-over people
         | after choosing to switch tracks to where a bunch of people are
         | tied down.
         | 
         | I think more similar descriptions can be found, but as for what
         | they really are: definitely not the economy immune system
         | cleaning up the remains of dead companies. They are just
         | predatory wealth hoarders. But it's all legal and I'm sure the
         | people making lots of money don't emphatise with the rest of
         | the humans, otherwise they might not be doing it.
        
           | zactato wrote:
           | Frogs are notorious for their selfishness.
        
           | arcanemachiner wrote:
           | > Or, they are a self-aware trolley that eats run-over people
           | after choosing to switch tracks to where a bunch of people
           | are tied down.
           | 
           | This is pure poetry.
        
         | KerrAvon wrote:
         | No -- the companies in question aren't usually basket cases --
         | if they were, they wouldn't have the assets to make the PE
         | takeover profitable in the first place. In most cases, they're
         | growing at a fine, steady rate, or even better. It's just
         | whatever the PE vultures can get away with.
        
       | busterarm wrote:
       | It's interesting reading all of the stories of PE firms destroy
       | businesses.
       | 
       | I've had those experiences, but I've also had the opposite
       | experience. I used to work for a regional internet service
       | provider/cable/phone company that was owned by PE. They poured a
       | ton of resources into the business, improved our processes and
       | standardized things so that we could expand to more regions.
       | 
       | Then they sold us for a nice chunk of money (for themselves, but
       | employees got better pay and benefits under the new company). The
       | new parent used our practices as the model to use across the
       | whole business.
       | 
       | It was a good deal.
        
       | wmaiouiru wrote:
       | I am curious if there is a database of all the companies that are
       | being run by a PE firm to bring transparency around the track
       | record of PE firms.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | scarface_74 wrote:
       | I am not anti-capitalists by any means and I think much of the VC
       | industry is a Ponzi scheme. But at least some good comes out of
       | it occasionally.
       | 
       | But private equity is pure evil. I worked for a number of VC
       | backed companies and the only one that failed completely was just
       | not able to pivot to a changing mobile landscape as much as we
       | tried.
       | 
       | We had a years long head start on mobile devices/field services
       | with Windows CE and Microsoft imploding in mobile and the rise of
       | iPhones and cheap Android devices was too much of a sea change.
       | 
       | On the other hand, the slice and dice and look good for the
       | public market that I saw first hand from a PE firm when I was the
       | tech lead was too much. They wouldn't hire any permanent people
       | for a massive migration/integration effort as they were
       | consolidating the market and forced me to use contractors.
        
       | mjcohen wrote:
       | Private equity buying goods that should be public (e.g.,
       | hospitals, schools) is a disaster that is crippling society. It
       | should be banned.
        
       | addflip wrote:
       | It's a shame what's happened to my local HVAC contractor. It used
       | to be a great local operation where a real person picked up when
       | you called. But lately, after a private equity group took over,
       | it's all automated calls and foreign call centers. The personal
       | touch is gone and, sadly, their service quality has taken a
       | noticeable hit. It's just not the same anymore.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | I knew some local guys that basically made a living doing that
         | - start an HVAC company, get it working good, sell it to a
         | equity group, they destroy it pretty quickly, everyone quits,
         | then one of the other original guys starts a new HVAC company,
         | gets it working good, sells it ...
        
           | bhewes wrote:
           | Oil and Gas field services does the same thing and only
           | difference is they buy the company back and then flip it
           | again.
        
         | SN76477 wrote:
         | A few years back I had to run door dash orders to pay the
         | bills. I noticed then that distribution of labor removes a lot
         | of the spirit and purpose behind the work.
         | 
         | No one at the call center is enjoying the satisfaction of a job
         | well done, it is complete detached. I'm sure the laborers are
         | pushed hard to high quotas and have zero time to follow up with
         | customers.
         | 
         | I think we need to back to owning the entire system if we are
         | going to have better services, better profits and satisfied
         | employees.
        
           | hotpotamus wrote:
           | Easy there comrade, you need to watch that talk about
           | alienation of labor and ownership of the means of production.
           | But it is interesting how a brief trip through the gig
           | economy will start someone talking like Marx even if they
           | (presumably) haven't read him.
        
             | thrawa8387336 wrote:
             | Like Marx or the Unabomber
        
             | uni_rule wrote:
             | I think that means we're doing as well socioeconomically as
             | 1800s Prussia.
        
         | alistairSH wrote:
         | The worst "foreign call center" experience I've had lately...
         | 
         | Hotel check-in. Walked in, lady at desk is read a novel, I ask
         | "can I check in?", she directs me to a video-conference kiosk
         | across the room, which is actively in-use by a high-maintenance
         | customer who, in addition to changing her reservation details,
         | can't understand a fairly light Indian accent. 15 minutes of
         | waiting later, this other customer is still going around-and-
         | around with the call center guy (who's being nothing but
         | patient and trying his best with the system provided), the lady
         | at the desk, rolls her eyes, harrumphs, and asks if I want to
         | check-in with her instead.
        
           | d136o wrote:
           | Which hotel?
        
             | alistairSH wrote:
             | It was the Quality Inn in Kill Devil Hills, Outer Banks,
             | NC. Typical mediocre beach hotel in that area.
        
       | legitster wrote:
       | Despite the directions the interviewer tried steering this
       | conversation into, this is a really interesting interview.
       | 
       | But when it comes to the private equity roll-ups, I think
       | everyone is missing the forest for the trees. If you are a doctor
       | looking to retire and sell your business _there is no one else
       | right now who would buy it_. The same goes for every category of
       | "mom and pop" business in the US. Even if you could find someone
       | experienced enough and interested in running it - that person
       | could not afford the business.
       | 
       | So there is kind of a double problem happening right now. One is
       | simply demographic - experienced business owners are retiring at
       | a much faster rate than they are being replaced. Secondly, there
       | is the capitalization problem. A doctor knows what his practice
       | is worth and wants every cent he can get out of it - but the next
       | generation of doctor is not going to be able to compete with debt
       | financing what a PE cash-buyer can get.
       | 
       | In addition, there is a problem specific to medical practices -
       | you can't just hand them over to your kid! (unless they also
       | happened to pursue the exact same medical training you did). _And
       | in addition to this_ medical schools (as I have been told) are
       | really underprepared new doctors for running a business.
       | 
       | Keep in mind owner-operators already get a huge income and tax
       | incentive over PE firms. It's kind of a perfect storm that makes
       | medical clinics such a special target vs plumbers or landscapers
       | or whatever.
       | 
       | If you want clinics to stay independent _and keep retiring
       | doctors happy_ , we are going to have to carve out special
       | programs or tax breaks for young doctors to buy up these
       | businesses with debt. And keep in mind, these would be
       | essentially subsidies for millionaires.
        
         | mistrial9 wrote:
         | sorry, thirty years ago I could have subscribed to "and keep
         | retiring doctors happy" but now, no way Jose
        
           | meepmorp wrote:
           | why the change, out of curiosity?
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | The partnership model exists for exactly this scenario and has
         | thrived for centuries in every sector. If a doctor wants to
         | retire they are obligated sell their share of the business to
         | other partners, not outside entities. When a new partner is
         | promoted they have to buy their way in. All of these problems
         | are solved. If PE firms are getting involved it is due to
         | either greed or mismanagement (or both), not some inherent flaw
         | in the system.
        
         | CryptoBanker wrote:
         | I don't know where you get the idea that private medical
         | practices are unsellable... It is very common for retiring
         | doctors to sell their client base/practice to other doctors in
         | the same field.
        
         | busterarm wrote:
         | Doctors are an exception and specifically because of the
         | regulatory issues.
         | 
         | If you look at other boring "mom and pop" businesses out there,
         | like laundromats, gas stations, car washes, liquor stores,
         | mailbox stores, etc...there's a tons of "acquisitions"
         | entrepreneurs out there buying these things up like crazy and
         | tons of influencers out there (codie sanchez, etc) telling them
         | to do so.
        
         | dwallin wrote:
         | "there is no one else right now who would buy it."
         | 
         | You are missing a qualifier: "at the current market price."
         | 
         | If you prevent or disincentivize PE from buying these types of
         | businesses, the price would drop to the level of its new
         | adjusted demand.
        
           | legitster wrote:
           | Sure! But that cuts into the "keeping retiring doctors happy"
           | piece. If your practice is worth $15 million but you only get
           | 50c on the dollar because there is no buyer pool, you might
           | be pretty grumpy.
           | 
           | To the broader picture though, this is a double edged sword
           | _if_ you want more private family practices. Less doctors are
           | going to go through the work and cost of starting their own
           | business if they have to take a haircut on its net worth at
           | retirement.
        
             | atourgates wrote:
             | Then your practice isn't worth $15-million.
             | 
             | I'm married to a physician in private practice, who owns
             | their practice.
             | 
             | From the beginning, we've always been aware that when she
             | retires in 15-25 years, we have literally no idea what if
             | anything the sale of her practice might bring.
             | 
             | It could be essentially nothing (aka, the used value of the
             | equipment, and it's shocking how quickly even very
             | expensive medical equipment depreciates on the used
             | market).
             | 
             | It could be sustainability more, but that'd be a nice
             | bonus, not something we can count on, or that any physician
             | should count on for their retirement planning.
             | 
             | No retiring physician is owed anything for the "value" of
             | their practice. And while on a personal level a PE buyout
             | would be a nice bonus at the end of my spouse's career, not
             | getting it wouldn't have affected either her decision to go
             | into private practice, or her ability to.
             | 
             | Far and away the biggest factor preventing more privately
             | owned physician practices is the fact that hospital-owned
             | practices are often reimbursed around double for the same
             | procedure as independent practices. This has shifted
             | somewhat with the shift from "pay for service" to "value
             | based care" models, but both put independent physician-
             | owner practices at a tremendous disadvantage to large
             | hospital systems.
             | 
             | And it's a damn shame because private physician owned
             | practices are a much more efficient way to care for
             | patients.
        
               | legitster wrote:
               | > No retiring physician is owed anything for the "value"
               | of their practice.
               | 
               | Not saying you are wrong, but this makes private practice
               | different than any other small business. Pretty
               | universally most businesses are evaluated by their capex.
               | (If the medical industry is unique it's because there is
               | _no_ business to evaluate without a practitioner)
               | 
               | But 100% to everything else you said. Private practices
               | are clearly superior in every regard except rent-seeking.
        
               | taeric wrote:
               | I think they meant more that you don't get some magic
               | pass for years of service, kind of thing. If you have
               | built up a paying customer base, odds are high that you
               | can leverage that to another owner, no? No need for PE to
               | get involved. Unless you are trying to maximize every
               | penny you can get on that sale alone.
        
               | atourgates wrote:
               | It's more complicated than that.
               | 
               | TL;DR: To a larger degree than most businesses, the
               | physician _is_ the value in a medical practice.
               | 
               | Let's say you're a dermatologist in Lincoln, Nebraska.
               | You want to live there because of family reasons or
               | whatever. You build a great thriving practice. You're
               | clearing $1m in profit annually.
               | 
               | (A high, but doable number for a dermatologist with a
               | good private practice)
               | 
               | Now it's time to retire.
               | 
               | First of all, you can't sell a patient. Patients go where
               | they want to. You also can't sell medical records.
               | Because laws. Nor really would you want to.
               | 
               | All you can do is sell patient habits, and tangible
               | assets.
               | 
               | But of course the biggest asset is the physician
               | themselves. And they don't come with the practice when
               | they retire.
               | 
               | Now sure. There are ways of driving non-directly-
               | physician-derived lines of revenue in a practice. Maybe
               | you have a nurse that does aesthetics. Maybe you sell
               | skin creams or whatever. But generally, those lines of
               | revenue are still broadly dependent on the physician.
               | 
               | So what you need is a physician who wants to move to
               | Lincoln, Nebraska at the same time you want to retire,
               | and buy your practice.
               | 
               | But even if another dermatologist _did_ want to practice
               | in Lincoln at the right time, why should they pay a bunch
               | of money to you for _your_ practice? They could just
               | start up next door.
               | 
               | Sure, they'd have to buy some equipment and hire and
               | train staff, but there's a good chance they'd have to do
               | some of that even buying your practice.
               | 
               | And truth be told, they know you're retiring anyway, so
               | why not just wait it out?
               | 
               | Plus, medical specialists are in short supply. Especially
               | those who want to move to Lincoln at that very moment.
               | (I'm being hard on Lincoln. I went there once and it was
               | nice. I just don't imagine it's a destination most highly
               | qualified medical specialists dream of moving to.)
               | 
               | So probably the actual value of your practice is "the
               | number that makes it less of a hassle to buy you out than
               | for another specialist to start up their own practice."
               | Assuming there _is_ a specialist who wants to move to
               | where you're selling.
               | 
               | And remember, if such a practice already exists, they
               | already own the most valuable asset of your practice: a
               | qualified medical specialist.
               | 
               | So in a traditional medical practice sale scenario, your
               | valuation almost certainly isn't going to be a multiple
               | of your revenue or profit like a more traditional
               | business.
               | 
               | And the location can be a real challenge too. I know
               | classmates of my spouse who turned down salary offers in
               | the $800k range in the rural Midwest (with the potential
               | to earn much more in the future through
               | partnership/ownership) in order to make less than half
               | that in the cities they wanted to live in.
               | 
               | Even if your practice is in a desirable location, most of
               | these issues still apply. It's just much more likely
               | you'll find someone to buy your practice and not have to
               | shut it down and sell it for parts.
        
             | vkou wrote:
             | > If your practice is worth $15 million
             | 
             | What on Earth makes a single-doctor practice worth $15
             | million _when that doctor leaves_? Or even $5 million, or
             | even $1 million?
             | 
             | The patient list? It's a zero-sum game! Are these patients
             | just going to stop getting medical treatment when their
             | doctor retires? Or are they just... Going to go to the next
             | clinic over?
             | 
             | There's something rotten here, and it's not PE buying
             | practices. It's that the practice is worth much _beyond the
             | value of the particular physician working in it_! If you
             | 're wondering why medical costs are ballooning in this
             | country, shit like this is one of the contributors!
        
               | BeetleB wrote:
               | > What on Earth makes a single-doctor practice worth $15
               | million when that doctor leaves? Or even $5 million, or
               | even $1 million?
               | 
               | He just pulled a random number. But to answer your
               | question for $1M - equipment for one thing...? The
               | business likely has a fair amount of debt on the
               | equipment.
        
             | tiedieconderoga wrote:
             | If you remove the premium offered by people who just want
             | to scrap the business for parts, and no prospective owners
             | can afford it at your target price, is the business
             | actually worth that much as a going concern?
             | 
             | It sounds to me like your hypothetical doctor might
             | actually be upset that they can't get $2 on the dollar by
             | selling to an unscrupulous party. You could view the PE
             | premium as a way for the good doctor to benefit twice from
             | all the tax benefits that they accrued over the years as
             | incentives to keep their business around.
        
         | vault_ wrote:
         | > A doctor knows what his practice is worth and wants every
         | cent he can get out of it - but the next generation of doctor
         | is not going to be able to compete with debt financing what a
         | PE cash-buyer can get.
         | 
         | In my opinion, the physician in this example is a monster.
         | Profit maximization is a choice, not some kind of moral
         | imperative. Am I supposed to have any respect for somebody
         | selling out their employees and patients to vampires so they
         | can retire to a beach or whatever?
         | 
         | The solution I'd want to see for situations like this is to
         | find a way to sell to the people who have a continuing interest
         | in how the business is run: employees and customers. The "exit"
         | that does right by all interested parties would be something
         | like having a newly formed employee coop gradually buy out the
         | founder's ownership stake. To make a tech analogy, you don't
         | have to sell your 0-day to foreign government just because they
         | pay more than the bug bounty program! You don't have to sell
         | out your community to vampires because they're the highest
         | bidders! This is a choice that somebody is making.
        
           | BeetleB wrote:
           | > In my opinion, the physician in this example is a monster.
           | Profit maximization is a choice, not some kind of moral
           | imperative.
           | 
           | They've had a career of treating patients. I think they've
           | satisfied the moral imperative already. And selling to PE
           | doesn't necessarily equate to "profit maximization". It could
           | just mean "decent sale". As the OP said, often there simply
           | isn't anyone available to buy it out at the timeline it needs
           | to be bought out.
           | 
           | > The solution I'd want to see for situations like this is to
           | find a way to sell to the people who have a continuing
           | interest in how the business is run: employees and customers.
           | The "exit" that does right by all interested parties would be
           | something like having a newly formed employee coop gradually
           | buy out the founder's ownership stake.
           | 
           | I don't doubt that this can work (it has for other
           | businesses!). However, a given doctor wants to retire soon.
           | Can you point him to a _concrete_ plan to set this up? As in
           | a firm that will have said plan ready, does all the legal
           | work, and manages the terms with the existing employees
           | /customers? The doctor already has his hands full treating
           | patients and running the business.
           | 
           | If you cannot point him to such a resource, then do you see
           | why he'd just sell to PE?
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _Am I supposed to have any respect for somebody selling out
           | their employees and patients to vampires so they can retire
           | to a beach_
           | 
           | Nobody else will buy it. The alternatives are shutting down
           | the practice or forcing oneself to keep working. Particularly
           | in medicine, the latter is dangerous.
           | 
           | > _solution I 'd want to see for situations like this is to
           | find a way to sell to the people who have a continuing
           | interest in how the business is run_
           | 
           | Sounds like a buy-out strategy! Seriously. Berkshire Hathaway
           | could negotiate good deal terms by making this promise.
        
             | pitaj wrote:
             | > Nobody else will buy it. The alternatives are shutting
             | down the practice or forcing oneself to keep working.
             | Particularly in medicine, the latter is dangerous.
             | 
             | Can't you just hire a "CEO" who will take over all
             | management responsibilities?
        
           | legitster wrote:
           | Well, keep in mind that from the perspective of the rest of
           | the healthcare industry, private practices are kind of
           | dinosaurs at this point. They don't play well in our modern
           | system, and the last 50 years of healthcare legislation has
           | done everything short of outright banning them.
           | 
           | New doctors are not trained or expected to run businesses.
           | Getting money from medicare or insurance is a nightmare.
           | Patients want access to more services than ever before. The
           | entire idea of a private practice is anathema to modern ideas
           | of healthcare oversight and access equity. Even getting
           | private malpractice insurance is almost impossible now.
           | 
           | There is a reason almost nobody is starting private practices
           | anymore. So to give the doctors a bit of credit this is a
           | chance to slip quietly into the night.
        
             | JohnFen wrote:
             | This explains quite a lot about why health care has been
             | noticeably getting worse over the last several years -- for
             | everybody.
             | 
             | In my part of the US, you can't even find a doctor that is
             | taking new patients at all, private practice or otherwise.
             | Talking with some doctors, it's clear that being a doctor
             | these days is a very undesirable job. I know I wouldn't
             | want to do it.
        
         | Dwolb wrote:
         | Agreed.
         | 
         | Had a family member receive an LOI at 10x EBITDA so they
         | decided to sell (not sure where they closed).
         | 
         | They mentioned that if a doctor would have purchased the
         | practice, it would be 1x or 2x at best.
         | 
         | Related: they would have been interested to scale up, but
         | didn't know how and were afraid of the complexity of trying to
         | manage a 3rd location.
        
           | legitster wrote:
           | Another thing to keep in mind is that it was a completely
           | different regulatory environment when most of these private
           | practices started. 50 years ago you could run a cash business
           | with yourself, a receptionist, and a nurse. Incumbent
           | practices could keep up with the times and add billing staff,
           | but you would have to be insane to start a new practice
           | today.
           | 
           | I'm all for healthcare reforms, but it's a pity that we
           | didn't pursue a simple voucher or cash-based system over our
           | insanely complex system.
        
             | Dwolb wrote:
             | Right.
             | 
             | Seems like there's opportunity to be the backend operating
             | system to scale these practices.
             | 
             | That's what PE is supposed to be anyway, but they don't run
             | it like an owner-operator would.
        
         | TearsInTheRain wrote:
         | "In addition, there is a problem specific to medical practices
         | - you can't just hand them over to your kid!"
         | 
         | - Doctors partner with the person that will take over their
         | practice for years before retiring. PE is destroying this
         | system and the latest crop of doctors will lose out on
         | mentorship and the opportunity to run a practice. Everything
         | will become big corporate offices and everyone will suffer
        
           | BeetleB wrote:
           | > Doctors partner with the person that will take over their
           | practice for years before retiring. PE is destroying this
           | system and the latest crop of doctors will lose out on
           | mentorship and the opportunity to run a practice. Everything
           | will become big corporate offices and everyone will suffer
           | 
           | Of all the doctors I personally know, only _one_ was
           | interested in working in such a practice (let alone owning
           | one). Where is the existing doctor going to find other
           | doctors to partner with? Especially when they can get paid
           | more to work elsewhere?
        
       | bena wrote:
       | > When KKR buys Toys"R"Us or when Carlyle buys the nursing home
       | chain ManorCare, the debt is held by the company that they bought
       | 
       | That right there is what should be made illegal. Somehow. There's
       | probably all sorts of technicalities wherein KKR didn't buy it
       | directly, but as the majority of the board of TRU, authorized the
       | self-purchase or something like that. But you shouldn't be able
       | to force a company to essentially buy itself, pay you a lot of
       | fees to do so, then fuck off while it drowns in the debt you
       | forced on it.
       | 
       | If you have authority over something, you are also responsible
       | for it. Both the good and the bad.
        
         | bell-cot wrote:
         | Old, old school solution: Nobody is stupid enough to buy the
         | mountain of debt (junk bonds, whatever) - debt which will only
         | be paid off if everything goes exactly perfect for many years
         | to come.
         | 
         | Perhaps the SEC and DoJ should be considering fraud charges
         | against the ratings agencies, investment banks, brokers, etc.
         | who (in effect) represented that debt as worth ~100 cents on
         | the dollar?
        
           | Veliladon wrote:
           | PE doesn't go through rating agencies. Their deals are by and
           | large unrated and the debt for the most part is not traded on
           | the secondary market because of that. That's why they can
           | pull off so much shady shit.
        
         | 8note wrote:
         | It should incur some tax in that you took out debt with one
         | entity, then another entity paid off your debt and it on its
         | own. The PE has been paid the amount of the loan by the company
         | they just bought as some kind of return
        
         | bequanna wrote:
         | Well, they aren't really forcing the company to do anything.
         | The original owners agree to the sale which is financed by debt
         | that is secured by the business.
         | 
         | The other non-owner stakeholders (employees, customers) may not
         | enjoy this new deal but that is the reality with any new owner
         | of a business.
         | 
         | Of course, it is crappy when this results in negative
         | experiences for them but at the end of the day, employees are
         | free to work elsewhere and customers are free to buy elsewhere.
         | 
         | That last sentence is mostly meant as a warning to the new
         | owners: screw up the business too badly and you won't have
         | clients or employees.
        
           | bena wrote:
           | So you're saying that _technically_ , it isn't what it looks
           | like it is. That _technically_ , TRU is buying itself. That
           | _technically_ KKR isn 't actually the new owner.
           | 
           | Technically, it's still predatory.
        
             | bequanna wrote:
             | The business isn't "buying itself" any more than a house
             | does when you purchase it. The debt is just placed against
             | the assets (real assets and cash flow). The business has
             | owners. It doesn't "own itself".
             | 
             | I don't think it is predatory at all. A leveraged buyout is
             | a pretty fundamental and common strategy across all
             | business types and sizes.
             | 
             | Don't hate the strategy of buying a business with debt,
             | hate the players that execute it like assholes.
        
               | IX-103 wrote:
               | When I buy a house, the house serves as collateral on the
               | mortgage, but ultimately I'm responsible for the loan. So
               | I'm liable for the loan amount and am legally obligated
               | to pay.
               | 
               | A leveraged buyout is similar except the "house" is
               | responsible for the mortgage and will suffer reputational
               | damage if it fails to pay. But no person or collection of
               | people are obligated to pay (ignoring the collateral).
               | 
               | One of the benefits of corporations is that the
               | limitations is liabilities allow them to take risks that
               | would be prohibitive for individuals. Originally
               | corporate charters required direct intervention by the
               | government chief executive or legislature. Corporations
               | were limited to tasks that served a public benefit as
               | that government wanted to incentivize.
               | 
               | Leveraged buyouts where the buyer doesn't intend to
               | continue the business long term or true to drain value
               | from the company instead of focusing on it's main
               | business seem like an abuse of the trust the public has
               | invested in these companies when it gave them a corporate
               | charters.
               | 
               | Of course, nowadays you can get a corporation with little
               | to no documentation at low cost, so maybe the government
               | doesn't actually give a shit what they do...
        
               | klabb3 wrote:
               | > Don't hate the strategy of buying a business with debt,
               | hate the players that execute it like assholes.
               | 
               | The purpose of a system _is_ what it does. Players take
               | whatever they can get away with, in this case a good old
               | mafia bust-out, but laundered legal. In the shadowy world
               | of PE, there's even less transparency and accountability
               | than the usual near-zero amount. I mean, you could just
               | wait for the mob justice of a fully fledged revolution to
               | do its magic but I think most of us would prefer toothful
               | regulation.
        
               | KerrAvon wrote:
               | It's literally the legality of the strategy that enables
               | the players to behave like assholes in this particular
               | incredibly destructive way. The use of debt financing
               | needs to be made illegal or have stronger constraints,
               | for the health of the country in general.
        
         | rocket_surgeron wrote:
         | >If you have authority over something, you are also responsible
         | for it. Both the good and the bad.
         | 
         | Cool your jets, there, commie.
         | 
         | We can't be burdening Job CreatorsTM with silly little things
         | like that. Their control over the total pool of capital might
         | decrease by several percentage points!
        
       | mark_l_watson wrote:
       | I think that smart money understands that the US dollar is going
       | to lose a lot of purchasing power or value so they want to buy up
       | "real things."
        
       | version_five wrote:
       | Curious hot take:
       | 
       | There's really dumb money, i.e. public markets
       | 
       | Then there's dumb money, i.e. VC
       | 
       | Then there's smart-ish money, where I'd place PE, that basically
       | wants to strip mine any value away from companies
       | 
       | And it must be some kind of food chain - people get rich from
       | dumb public investors, dupe some companies investing in venture
       | funds, pillage some veterinary clinics or dentists or whatever.
       | But then what?
       | 
       | Is there really smart money somewhere making good, sustainable
       | investments in stuff, to secure generational wealth? Some pension
       | funds maybe? And some family offices?
        
       | fzeroracer wrote:
       | Vulture capitalists are bad, but at least sometimes they can fund
       | something decent. PE is full of scammers and criminals that
       | honestly should be behind bars because their entire existence
       | involves destruction. It should be blatantly illegal to buy a
       | company and saddle it with the debt you used to buy it.
        
       | penguin_booze wrote:
       | Freakonomics had a couple of related episodes:
       | https://freakonomics.com/podcast/should-you-trust-private-eq....
        
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