[HN Gopher] Mapping pedestrian traffic light timing in Sydney, A...
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       Mapping pedestrian traffic light timing in Sydney, Australia
        
       Author : jakecopp
       Score  : 67 points
       Date   : 2023-06-12 22:37 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (jakecoppinger.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (jakecoppinger.com)
        
       | streamfrog wrote:
       | When I moved from Europe to Sydney, it was striking how much
       | traffic lights deprioritised walking. Visitors have independently
       | commented on similar things.
       | 
       | Its not just timing, but also inefficient phases. I requested the
       | dataset for phases, but after months was given a totally
       | different dataset. I gave up.
        
         | gtmb wrote:
         | Australia is at least 40 years behind in traffic management.
         | 
         | There is no traffic lights priority for public transport.
         | Melbourne's tram avg speed is 10-15 kph. If you power walk you
         | can go faster than the tram. It just sits there waiting on
         | traffic lights more than moving.
         | 
         | There is no synced traffic lights. On long avenues you just
         | stop every 200m because once the light goes green when you
         | arrive at the next intersection the light there goes red. It
         | seems it is synced, but to the opposite it should be doing.
        
           | madeofpalk wrote:
           | Sydney's traffic light system (Sydney Coordinated Adaptive
           | Traffic System, or SCATS) is supposedly "a recognised
           | worldwide market leader in intelligent transport systems" and
           | has been exported to a bunch of cities around the world. It
           | does (supposedly) prioritise public transport in phase
           | timings.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Coordinated_Adaptive_Tr.
           | ..
           | 
           | > On long avenues you just stop every 200m because once the
           | light goes green when you arrive at the next intersection the
           | light there goes red. It seems it is synced, but to the
           | opposite it should be doing.
           | 
           | I recall a link a while back (from HN?) that demonstrated
           | that it's basically impossible to sync green traffic lights
           | in both directions. Any attempt at syncing will priotitise
           | one direction over the other. I can't find the source, and it
           | was so long ago that it's very likely that I'm
           | misremembering.
        
             | contingencies wrote:
             | Re. SCATS, I used to work at the RTA as a consultant for
             | another company back in ~2000 when it was still based as
             | Eveleigh. My understanding is and has always been that they
             | were the ~first to put loops under the road to count
             | traffic but the other elements of the system were not that
             | amazing. They still had a PDP live, and also ran the Sydney
             | portion of the emergency services radio network from the
             | same data center. A control system would show real time
             | traffic densities. We were adding a PTZ-capable remote
             | video on demand component circa 2000 using a combination of
             | 128K ISDN and fiber. I wrote some kind of last minute
             | multiplexing PTZ data control bridge kludge in perl. The
             | idea was that, after the traffic system detected an
             | anomaly, the control system operators could "dial in" and
             | "look around" to "determine" the cause of traffic issues
             | and create an appropriate response using their bridgedeck
             | mounted joysticks straight out of the 80s. We sold some to
             | the Philippines and I got to go, as an 18 year old, and
             | party hard with the locals after we signed a deal with the
             | mayor of Manila. Fun times. Corrupt as knifespoon.
             | 
             | These days I assume most people/companies/governments
             | source their traffic flow info from Google because it has
             | more 'active' sensors in so far as every car has at least
             | one mobile phone. Telcos could and should also sell this
             | type of data in an anonymous format. Large toll roads track
             | individual vehicles with a combination of wireless billing
             | systems and numberplate ID so they are effectively able to
             | provide a similar solution for those high value roads.
        
             | iggldiggl wrote:
             | > it's basically impossible to sync green traffic lights in
             | both directions.
             | 
             | For a bi-directional green wave, intersections have to be
             | spaced at intervals consistent half the cycle time (times
             | the intended travel speed) of the traffic lights. In that
             | case opposing vehicle streams will always meet each other
             | at an intersection, thereby minimising the green time
             | required along the green wave and maximising the green time
             | available for handling crossing and turning traffic.
             | 
             | If an intersection deviates from that mathematically
             | optimal location, it means that there'll be less of an
             | overlap between the green times for the two opposing
             | direction, meaning that there's less green time left over
             | for cross traffic.
             | 
             | And since in real life, intersections are rarely spaced at
             | the mathematically optimal interval, in practice this means
             | that eventually you have to give up and just favour one
             | direction depending on the time of the day. (To some extent
             | you can try to salvage things by varying the assumed speed
             | between intersections in order to keep the travel time from
             | intersection to intersection constant, but there's only a
             | limited usable speed range between too slow and the legal
             | speed limit.)
             | 
             | And if you attempt to have multiple green waves crossing
             | each other, you introduce even more scheduling constraints
             | which might leave no room for a perfect solution.
        
             | csunbird wrote:
             | Germany does it very well. Until I make a turn, I do not
             | wait at red lights more than once or twice.
        
         | shortcake27 wrote:
         | Melbourne is the same. Buttons that change the timing are rare
         | or maybe even non-existent. I can't think of any intersections
         | where pressing the button does anything other than activate the
         | pedestrian lights.
        
           | Someone wrote:
           | > Buttons that change the timing are rare or maybe even non-
           | existent
           | 
           | Buttons are old tech.
           | https://www.flir.com/products/trafione/:
           | 
           |  _"The FLIR TrafiOne uses thermal imaging and Wi-Fi
           | technology to adapt traffic signals based on the presence
           | detection of vehicles, bicycles and pedestrians, even in
           | total darkness or adverse weather."_
           | 
           | I don't know how smart that version is, but there are
           | versions that predict whether pedestrians have the intention
           | to cross the street. https://www.tugraz.at/en/tu-
           | graz/services/news-stories/tu-gr...:
           | 
           |  _"The innovative camera-based system recognises the
           | intention of pedestrians to cross the road and switches to
           | green automatically. What's more, it optimises the traffic
           | flow further, as Horst Possegger from the Institute of
           | Computer Graphics and Vision explains by way of two examples:
           | "The green phase can be extended in the case of large groups
           | of persons, who require more time to cross the road. And if
           | persons leave the waiting area before the lights have turned
           | to green, this is also passed on to the lights. The traffic
           | lights subsequently don't switch to green and there are no
           | unnecessary waiting times for motorised traffic."
           | 
           | [...]
           | 
           | "Using the current configurations, our system signals that
           | wish to cross three to four seconds before the button is
           | pushed," says Possegger."_
        
             | reaperman wrote:
             | Feels like you could do that somewhat cheaper with just
             | visual cameras and any off-the-shelf YOLOv# detection
             | model.
        
               | kimixa wrote:
               | For the pedestrian problem at least, it seems even
               | cheaper to just use a button. That also completely
               | bypasses the problem of trying to detect if they intend
               | to cross. Is there really much of a disadvantage? The
               | pedestrian has to be in a specified area beside the
               | crossing already to use it, so likely within arms reach
               | of a pole already. But I can see it being useful for cars
               | and bikes - as a cyclist I've hit a good number of times
               | the magnetic sensors clearly just don't work for a bike,
               | and had to wheel over to the pedestrian crossing to press
               | the button to get the lights to change.
               | 
               | And I expect "person detection" to be much easier with an
               | IR image, there's probably not many places where human
               | body temperature isn't noticeably higher than the
               | background should make it more accurate to pick out. And
               | if you don't need accuracy of temperature reading, an IR
               | camera isn't really any more expensive than a visual
               | camera - it's the same CCD just with a different filter
               | on top. And it completely bypasses any problems of
               | darkness.
               | 
               | I also wouldn't be surprised if the actual camera unit
               | was a near negligible cost of installing something like
               | this, so even if it was multiples of the price,
               | optimizing for that may be the wrong target if it affects
               | accuracy at all.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | iggldiggl wrote:
               | > Is there really much of a disadvantage?
               | 
               | Granted it's probably nothing too big in absolute terms,
               | but does feel a little unfair, because vehicles usually
               | get a few seconds head start for free due to being able
               | to call a signal as soon as they reach the location of
               | the green extension detector, which can be a few tens of
               | metres in advance of the stop line.
               | 
               | (On the other hand yes, I do acknowledge the because
               | "turning lanes" don't really work for pedestrian traffic,
               | it's often hard to detect pedestrians much in advance
               | because you'll have no idea which way they'll want to
               | turn at the intersection. But it still feels a little
               | unfair :-) )
               | 
               | And unless the default state of an intersection is "red
               | for all directions", switching the lights will always
               | take a few seconds even in the best of cases. By giving
               | the traffic lights controller some advance warning of
               | somebody approaching, it's possible to switch the traffic
               | lights just in time so that that user doesn't have to
               | stop (if traffic conditions allow it of course - with
               | heavy traffic it's unavoidable that _somebody_ will have
               | to wait eventually).
               | 
               | With semi-flexible traffic light designs (where phase
               | length and whether a phase is called at all depends on
               | traffic conditions, but otherwise they still always cycle
               | through the phases in a fixed sequence), there are also
               | situations where a signal can only turn green (if called)
               | until a certain point in the cycle no later than X (in
               | which case it'll remain green until let's say for example
               | X + 10 seconds). If you miss that time X, you'll have to
               | wait a whole signal cycle until the signal can turn green
               | again. If it just happens that you're reaching the
               | intersection at a time X + 5 seconds, it means that if
               | you could have called the signal while still six seconds
               | away (i.e. at X - 1 second), you still could have crossed
               | successfully (because in that case the signal would have
               | been green between X and X + 10), whereas without that
               | possibility you can only press the button at X + 5
               | seconds and now have to wait one whole signal cycle.
        
           | bobthepanda wrote:
           | I have never seen an intersection where beg buttons favor
           | pedestrians and not drivers, because beg buttons give
           | engineers the latitude to establish red crosswalks unless
           | requested. So help you if you arrive just in time to miss
           | your activation cycle and have to wait a full light cycle for
           | the crosswalk.
        
             | danhor wrote:
             | I've seen quite a few intersections (Germany) that only
             | feature one car road, but a crossing pedestrian/bike street
             | that after pressing the beg button immediately begin to
             | switch the light, resulting in a consistent, short wait
             | (apart from signal priority stuff for busses). But anything
             | more complicated, nothing comes to mind.
        
               | Someone wrote:
               | https://bicycledutch.wordpress.com/2016/06/21/traffic-
               | lights... has plenty examples of things more complicated,
               | for example:
               | 
               |  _"In the past, buses always got priority. Now every bus
               | is tagged and the computer knows all the time-tables of
               | every line. The system knows exactly when which bus needs
               | to arrive at a certain intersection. The installation
               | checks whether a bus is too early, on time, or running
               | late and sets the lights accordingly."_
               | 
               |  _"On the cycleways we always have double loops,
               | separated by 75 centimetres. That way we can measure
               | speed and direction by combining the data the computer
               | receives from the two loops. It also means we don't need
               | to reserve green time for a cyclist riding against
               | traffic, away from the intersection." And the pushbutton?
               | "For cyclists that's not really necessary. They're only
               | there for reassurance. You often see in the reports that
               | people don't even bother to push the button."_
        
               | bobthepanda wrote:
               | But there the priority is pretty much everything else
               | other than the beg button.
               | 
               | I can't help but wonder if such aggressive timings
               | discussed in the article are good for people with
               | disabilities. People often panic when rushed by a change
               | to red.
        
             | toast0 wrote:
             | I've experienced plenty of beg buttons that don't do
             | anything other than activate the crossing light when that
             | direction next goes green for cars. But also plenty where
             | pressing the button takes immediate steps for the
             | pedestrian: if the direction is already green for cars, the
             | walk sign is turned on; otherwise, the current cycle ends
             | and any intermediate cycles proceed with minimum duration;
             | non-dominant directions will have longer minimum cycle time
             | if the pedestrian button has been pressed.
             | 
             | In my experience, if the intersection processes car traffic
             | dynamically, it will also process pedestrian traffic
             | dynamically, and generally favor pedestrians. If the
             | intersection has static timing, it's not going to do
             | anything different for pedestrians. I recall driving in
             | Milwaukee near UWM two decades ago, every morning I could
             | count on the lights showing exactly the same thing at the
             | same time. If I left my apartment at the same time, I'd get
             | the same sequence of missed or made lights. Most other
             | places I've driven had car sensors (usually loops in the
             | pavement, but cameras are cheaper and less maintenance
             | now), so there's no schedule to be learned, although the
             | behavior is predictable if you learn the cycles and observe
             | the stimuli. (Although, sometimes sensors are broken or
             | miswired; there was an intersection near one of my
             | employers where the cyclist button was connected as an left
             | turn lane occupancy sensor; resulting in consistently wrong
             | behavior. it's also not uncommon for a disabled vehicle to
             | be located above a loop, or sometimes a construction /
             | utility vehicle to be parked above a loop; some control
             | systems can adapt and filter that out, but many don't.)
        
       | rconti wrote:
       | Don't forget the infuriating situation where infra
       | designers/whomever decide "we can't put a sidewalk here", or
       | governments allow construction to close a sidewalk for years on
       | end.
       | 
       | Why it's acceptable to put up signs saying "don't cross here" and
       | instead require that people cross the road 3 times to go a few
       | dozens of feet is beyond me.
        
         | fatnoah wrote:
         | > Don't forget the infuriating situation where infra
         | designers/whomever decide "we can't put a sidewalk here", or
         | governments allow construction to close a sidewalk for years on
         | end.
         | 
         | My favorite instance of this happened when the town decided to
         | improve the dodgy sidewalk that followed a busy road. The
         | sidewalk was in rough shape, and while it was walkable, it
         | would have been impossible for anyone with a mobility
         | impairment.
         | 
         | Improving the sidewalk meant that it was closed for almost 8
         | months. During that time, I had to walk at the edge of the
         | vehicle travel lane. As winter approached, they finally
         | finished construction and I enjoyed the beautiful condition of
         | the new sidewalk...for about two months. After the first snow
         | storm, it became impassible and, for reasons I never found out,
         | the town never plowed it again. So, I had the option to travel
         | back in traffic, or trudge through the snow. The situation
         | ended up being a factor in me giving up and buying a car.
        
       | leothelion_ wrote:
       | I'd very much like to see for Melbourne!
        
       | secretsatan wrote:
       | I've been meaning to time the traffic lights where I am, most are
       | really good for pedestrians, but there are some here and there
       | that take an age to change. I even changed my walk to work as the
       | shortest path has a couple of particularly slow crossings, making
       | a slightly longer route quicker as it only has zebra crossings.
        
       | kfarr wrote:
       | This is awesome, and I'd add that in doing safe streets advocacy
       | in SF I have learned that to make changes like these it's helpful
       | to record the entire signal timing for all phases to make more
       | concrete recommendations for changing timing. In other words
       | you'll have to take time from other signal phases to increase ped
       | timing and without that data it's hard to advocate for change.
       | Here is one example of a full phase visualization:
       | https://glitch.com/edit/#!/aframe-ped-signals?path=README.md...
        
       | ninesnines wrote:
       | This is actually one of the most annoying things I've noticed in
       | Brisbane - the lights for walking take absolutely forever. To the
       | point that everyone will j walk because it can take 5 minutes for
       | a light to change; it makes getting around the city so
       | frustrating as a person coming from Northern Europe
        
       | blindstitch wrote:
       | In the USA, the Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices has an
       | (I think) reasonable requirements for crossing durations but
       | almost no further recommendations about maximum wait times. This
       | results in completely idiotic timing programs of the signals
       | everywhere that encourage people to cross when cars have a green
       | light. If you want to change it to be more pedestrian friendly,
       | it can cost $20k+ because the signals are programmed in a 40 year
       | old language that only a very small group of highly paid traffic
       | engineers know how to write.
        
         | lostlogin wrote:
         | > If you want to change it to be more pedestrian friendly, it
         | can cost $20k+
         | 
         | Per set of lights?!
        
         | unflxw wrote:
         | > the signals are programmed in a 40 year old language that
         | only a very small group of highly paid traffic engineers know
         | how to write.
         | 
         | This is interesting. What language is this, or more generally,
         | where can I read more about this?
        
           | nwahs_op wrote:
           | If you are super bored. Here is a manual that is VERY
           | detailed explanation on programming traffic signals. I give
           | this to new engineers and technicians to look at when they
           | first start.
           | 
           | Chapters 5 and 6 get into the actual programming of the
           | signal.
           | 
           | https://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/fhwahop08024/index.htm
        
           | yamazakiwi wrote:
           | Traffic light systems are designed using software such as
           | LINSIG, TRANSYT, CORSIM/TRANSYT-7F or VISSIM.
           | 
           | Per wikipedia different countries use different systems over
           | time:
           | 
           | e.g. Sydney: 3,400 traffic signals co-ordinated by the Sydney
           | Co-ordinated Adaptive Traffic System (SCATS). Designed and
           | developed by RTA, the system was first introduced in 1963 and
           | progressively developed since then. By October 2010, SCATS
           | was licensed to 33,200 intersections in 144 cities across 24
           | countries worldwide, including Singapore, Hong Kong, Dublin,
           | Tehran and Minneapolis and Detroit.[19][23][24]
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_light_control_and_coor.
           | ..
        
           | mschild wrote:
           | edit: Whops. Just realized theyre talking about the US.
           | Disregard my comment.
           | 
           | I'm not entirely sure what OP is talking about, but I think
           | they use a system called SCATS.[0] Looks like the system is
           | actually pretty widely used in some other countries as well.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.scats.nsw.gov.au/solutions/products
        
         | nwahs_op wrote:
         | I happen to be a traffic engineer who operates signals in the
         | USA. We may not have the most advanced technology but I can
         | assure that we don't not write code to operate our signals. We
         | do enter different parameters that govern the amount of time
         | that you have to wait.
         | 
         | In most situations it comes down to if you want to favor
         | vehicles or if you want to favor pedestrians. As everyone has
         | mentioned it is difficult to accommodate both as they would
         | like.
         | 
         | Also as government worker I can assure we are not highly paid.
         | We make a decent living but there is actually a shortage of
         | people right now that want to do the work.
        
       | jakecopp wrote:
       | Transport for NSW, the government agency which controls traffic
       | signal timing in Sydney and NSW, has an excellent stated goal of
       | increasing walking and cycling trips - and reducing pedestrian
       | wait times at intersections.
       | 
       | However, there is no public data on traffic light timing in
       | Sydney or NSW.
       | 
       | I built this little React site to crowdsource measurements and
       | inform where positive changes could be made - Sydney focused, but
       | works anywhere in the world if you'd like to make use of it/fork
       | it!
        
         | joppy wrote:
         | Thanks for making this! I've found that as a pedestrian in
         | Sydney, up to half my walking time is spent waiting for traffic
         | lights, and have always wondered what could be done about it.
        
         | rozenmd wrote:
         | I wonder if the $75 fine for jaywalking and NSW Police's love
         | for issuing these fines are related to how long the timings
         | are.
        
           | robbiep wrote:
           | Just cross back from the crossing. It's legal (?not illegal)
           | to jaywalk in NSW if you are more than 20m from the nearest
           | designated crossing, if you are not interfering with traffic
           | (section 234). I've never met anyone who has received a fine
           | for crossing at the wrong time?
        
             | rozenmd wrote:
             | Most folks in the city just walk through the red light when
             | there's no traffic - I've seen them fine folks in waves
             | around Central and Town Hall.
        
               | riekus wrote:
               | As an European which spend 4 years in Sydney recently I
               | was always surprised at the opposite. Every after going
               | out at midnight, Hurds of people would be waiting for a
               | red light with no car/traffic in sight for a mile. I
               | always jaywalk, feel particularly upset that a computer
               | is telling me to wait for a save time, without context,
               | while I can obviously tell it's save.
               | 
               | Recently discussed this behaviour in Sydney, remember it
               | was particularly bad around Surry hills
        
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       (page generated 2023-06-13 23:02 UTC)