[HN Gopher] Framework Laptop 16 Deep Dive: 180W Power Adapter
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Framework Laptop 16 Deep Dive: 180W Power Adapter
        
       Author : pimterry
       Score  : 147 points
       Date   : 2023-06-08 18:19 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (frame.work)
 (TXT) w3m dump (frame.work)
        
       | kayson wrote:
       | Are there other laptops/chargers out there that support USB PD
       | 3.1 EPR? Curious how those efficiencies compare.
        
         | Kirby64 wrote:
         | The latest Macbook 140W charger is USB PD EPR; It's not 180W,
         | but it's one of the first running EPR.
         | 
         | It appears the Macbook charger gets about ~93% efficiency at
         | ~100W load, and 87% efficiency at ~27W load. No metrics on the
         | 140W charging I can find, though.
        
         | staticfish wrote:
         | https://www.theverge.com/2021/10/19/22734233/apple-140w-macb...
         | 
         | MBP 16 inch in 2021 was apparently the first PD 3.1 apple
         | charger
        
       | betimsl wrote:
       | Holy moly; 180? Sufficient to power an entire house, my God.
        
         | geoffeg wrote:
         | You must have a _very_ efficient house.
        
           | betimsl wrote:
           | Actually I do. I have two solar panels, 60W usbc power brick
           | for my laptop and phone. And a small light...it was a joke.
           | OK? Why on the defense? :)
        
             | acomjean wrote:
             | we need a sarcasm tag/symbol.. That would be super useful.
             | I honestly can't tell tone anymore.
        
               | xxs wrote:
               | if "my God" part wasn't evident, and you need a mark for
               | sarcasm/joke/take the piss... I guess that part is beyond
               | help
        
               | betimsl wrote:
               | I would not say we need tag or symbol. First of all it
               | was not sarcasm at all, just a plain joke. And second,
               | instead of a symbol, what we need is to read more books.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | megous wrote:
       | That's still 12W to get rid of from a small enclosed space. I
       | wouldn't want to operate this at peak power all the time. And
       | SMPS don't usually have peak efficiency at rated output power.
       | 
       | Do these things re-negotiate power contract, or will they just go
       | into thermal shutdown when overheated?
        
       | LoganDark wrote:
       | Wait, this isn't a deep dive at all, this is just an ad.
       | 
       | (Is this a deep dive for the laptop itself or a deep dive for the
       | adapter? I can't tell.)
        
         | TOGoS wrote:
         | I guess a deep dive would have had to get into more gritty
         | details about USB-PD? Or maybe show how they crammed all the
         | requisite capacitors and heat dissipators into the thing.
         | 
         | It did answer my question, though, which was "how do they pull
         | that much power over a USB-C cable?" A: USB PD 3.1 allows up to
         | 48V * 5A to be supplied so long as the cable has the right
         | e-marker on it.
         | 
         | Though honestly, I would be careful trying to get deeper than
         | that. The USB standard has become a bit of a spaghetti mess.
         | Unless you are building your own equipment or trying to daisy-
         | chain some DisplayPort stuff through some Thunderbolt 3 hubs
         | you're probably better off thinking of it as `capabilities(USB
         | network) = min(capabilities(computer), capabilities(cable),
         | capabilitieS(hub))` and then dropping 50$ for a nice cable that
         | you can brag to your friends about ("ALL MY POWER, PERIPHERALS,
         | AND VIDEO OVER THIS ONE [insanely overengineered] WIRE
         | WOOHOOQ")
         | 
         | Anyway, my two cents are that I'm glad they kept the new power
         | brick mostly-the-same-dimensions as the old ones so that my
         | 3D-printed gridbeam-mountable power brick holders[1] continue
         | to work.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:5400078
        
           | LoganDark wrote:
           | > I guess a deep dive would have had to get into more gritty
           | details about USB-PD? Or maybe show how they crammed all the
           | requisite capacitors and heat dissipators into the thing.
           | 
           | I personally went in with the expectation of seeing the PCB
           | inside the adapter, but they don't even show that. :(
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | MichaelZuo wrote:
             | Yeah this is not anywhere close to a 'deep dive'. Surprised
             | Framework would editorialize the title so much, not a good
             | sign.
        
       | flakiness wrote:
       | Related threads:
       | 
       | - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35277660 "Framework
       | announces AMD, new Intel gen, 16" laptop and more"
       | 
       | - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35286544 "Framework Laptop
       | 16"
        
         | jeron wrote:
         | there's some guerilla marketing going on with Framework, I see
         | posts on Framework on front page of HN every few days and I
         | think everyone's tolerating it because we all support
         | Framework's goal. But this is effectively advertisements at
         | this point
        
           | ranger207 wrote:
           | Advertisements? On hackernews? Perish the thought
        
           | Lukas_Skywalker wrote:
           | I am one of the people that posted a Framework announcement
           | in the past. I do have a Framework laptop, but no relation to
           | the company other than being a customer.
           | 
           | I posted the announcement because I follow Framework pretty
           | closely, and figured other people might be interested in a
           | company that works in a direction opposed to the mainstream
           | manufacturers. It's Hacker News after all.
        
           | rowanG077 wrote:
           | Or, and hold your horses here, because so many people support
           | Framework here we see so many posts about it.
        
           | Topfi wrote:
           | Maybe I am missing something, but the Framework focused posts
           | I have seen seem to mostly come from long active accounts by
           | actual community members. Think this is more simply a case of
           | the product being interesting to the people on here.
           | 
           | Framework isn't even engaging in any tactics that may help to
           | get more attention organically, like Cloudflare when they
           | group a lot of releases into a very small window to dominate
           | the frontpage.
        
           | bityard wrote:
           | Some of us are just really excited about a laptop which is
           | intentionally built for upgrades, repairs, and re-usability.
           | 
           | The current trend of the household name manufacturers is to
           | solder and glue as many components together as possible,
           | meaning if one thing inside goes ka-plooey outside the
           | warranty then the whole unit is shot, forcing you to buy
           | another. They say their goal is to get their products thinner
           | and thinner (for some reason) but of course we all know the
           | likely real reason is designed obsolescence.
           | 
           | Edit: I don't own a Framework laptop yet, but the 16 is near
           | the top of the list of contenders when I upgrade within the
           | next year or so.
        
             | rkagerer wrote:
             | Yeah I think the 16's will be very popular. Do you know if
             | the Ethernet adapter still sticks out past the edge of the
             | unit?
        
             | robocat wrote:
             | > designed obsolescence
             | 
             | I am old enough to remember "reseating" memory to fix
             | faults. Connectors fail, often disgustingly intermittently.
             | Solder is used for reliability, performance and price
             | reduction: I think most people prefer those attributes
             | versus upgradability (although nice to get choice with
             | Framework!). Connectors now limit performance: there's a
             | reason why the highest performance memory does not use
             | pluggable formats. HBM2. Remember when cache was a seperate
             | stick of SRAM memory?
             | 
             | The majority of PCs were never upgraded, even if they could
             | be. I know, because I would do it for non-technical friends
             | back-in-the-day and eek a couple of years of extra life out
             | of a PC: however without my free labour (and usually
             | trickle-down free parts) those friends would just buy a new
             | PC and be happy. Upgrades are mostly for geeks.
             | 
             | Meanwhile good hardware (phones, laptops) is often becoming
             | obsolete due to lack of software upgrades, not lack of
             | grunt. I just bought a new iPad because of this. A friend's
             | MacBook Air: working fine but needed new battery and no
             | more MacOS upgrades. But also they wanted a new device with
             | a better screen since they spend many hours a day on it, so
             | less value in upgradeability?
             | 
             | Yeah, batteries. I haven't seen a good cost-benefit
             | analysis of sealed devices. Modern batteries now seem to
             | outlive the device, which wasn't the case 10 years ago with
             | iPhone6. Certainly I appreciate sealed mobile phones that
             | don't die from water damage.
        
       | dheera wrote:
       | "while also outputting enough power to handle the Graphics Module
       | with a discrete GPU"
       | 
       | Oh? This is news to me. Will it have an nVidia graphics card?
        
         | vhodges wrote:
         | the 16" will have a slot for discrete cards (I don't think it
         | will be a PCIe slot but could be wrong).
        
           | bityard wrote:
           | No need to wonder or guess, according to The Horse's
           | Mouth[0], the expansion bays in the 16 will have a PCIe x8
           | interface. (Not to be confused with the expansion cards from
           | the Framework 13.)
           | 
           | [0]: https://frame.work/blog/introducing-the-framework-
           | laptop-16
        
             | vhodges wrote:
             | Thanks, I remember seeing that, but wasn't sure of the form
             | factor (eg I am not sure you'll be able to plugin any old
             | gpu).
        
               | starkparker wrote:
               | It's not a desktop PCIe slot on the back of a laptop, but
               | the interface is already documented. The electrical,
               | shell-fit PCB, and general form-factor specs of the 16"
               | laptop's expansion bay are already published under a CC-
               | BY license by Framework:
               | https://github.com/FrameworkComputer/ExpansionBay
               | 
               | Direct link to the pinout PDF: https://github.com/Framewo
               | rkComputer/ExpansionBay/blob/main/...
               | 
               | It's a 4th-gen x8 interface, so there are limits to what
               | "any old GPU" might be capable of performance-wise, but
               | creating a passthrough-port accessory seems possible.
        
               | vhodges wrote:
               | Thanks, I had forgotten they had published specs. Note
               | with Thunderbolt and a eGPU chassis, you can get the
               | adaptor interace today. I was considering this to
               | repurpose an older machines GPU for my 12thgen 13", but
               | decided instead to turn the older machine into a Steambox
               | instead.
        
       | deepsun wrote:
       | I don't understand why they don't put two or three USB-C ports to
       | the charger. It could serve as universal charger for other
       | devices as well.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | Obviously that would cost more. Anker sells that BTW.
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | Apple has a couple models with 2 ports now but none of them
           | are particularly beefy. One is only 35 watts, which means
           | it's basically saving you from routing a whole bunch of
           | current into your Air and out the other side to charge your
           | giant cellphone.
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | So why didn't this support the 240 watt mode (ie. 48v 5 amps)?
       | 
       | I can't really envision any standard component choices which
       | would support 36 volts and yet not support 48 volts...
        
       | foxbyte wrote:
       | The inclusion of GaN technology in Framework's new 180W adapter
       | is a game-changer. GaN's superior power efficiency and ability to
       | sustain higher voltages translate to smaller, more efficient
       | charging . Great to see tech reducing waste and improving
       | performance!
        
         | megous wrote:
         | We don't know how efficient this is. Single number given in the
         | article doesn't mean anything. SMPS come with an efficiency
         | curve over the whole range of provided power. It can be 70%
         | efficient at 20W or 85% at 180W and 93% only at 70W. Complete
         | information was not provided by the article.
         | 
         | And USB-C supplies can also switch voltages, so the efficiency
         | will also depend on the voltage (both input and ouput, as this
         | can probably be used in both 110V and 230V grids)...
         | 
         | It's just marketing... "up to 93%" :)
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | I've gotten sucked into videos of making low-power low-noise
           | rack mount servers for home offices lately and that's come up
           | a couple times. Yeah you have a PSU that's 90% efficient
           | under load, and stays above 80% over a reasonable range of
           | power levels, but some of them are pretty bad when you get
           | down to 40 watts.
        
           | Tade0 wrote:
           | I happen to have a 180W adapter that came with my 2020
           | laptop.
           | 
           | Crude measurements with a ruler indicate that Framework's
           | unit is approximately 23% smaller by volume.
           | 
           | I don't know how far this field moved forward over the past
           | three years, but I see this as a win - mine is especially
           | annoying to handle due to its length - ~150mm.
           | 
           | Would love to know something about the weight, because that
           | thing is a brick, which for this reason I don't normally take
           | along with me on trips and opt for the 60W USB-C charger
           | instead.
        
           | yftsui wrote:
           | Exactly, the mentioned components used are not impressive if
           | at all. Guess what, almost all named brand laptop power
           | supply has an Onsemi chip, the only difference is big
           | manufacturers like Delta or Flextronics use customized Onsemi
           | chips made for them.
           | 
           | What made it even more interesting is mentioning Weltrend in
           | a marketing material, almost 50% of projects I used to work
           | on include a cost down part to switch from TI chips to
           | Weltrend or similar. Whoever wrote this material doesn't
           | understand what they really implies.
        
         | rejectfinite wrote:
         | I can't read and not think of WE GAAN
        
           | _joel wrote:
           | Generative Adversarial Networks nis my first thought
        
       | saltysalt wrote:
       | I am very happy with my Framework laptop, and love their vision
       | of modular design and upgrades.
        
       | levitate wrote:
       | Framework's modular design has been advertised as a solution to
       | upgradability, which is huge, but I see the real strength in
       | being able to have a GPU plugged in when I'm using my laptop at
       | home, and swapping it out for an extra battery when I'm using my
       | laptop away from an outlet.
       | 
       | Being able to transform the capabilities of the laptop based on
       | your situation is a huge game changer.
        
         | danShumway wrote:
         | How hard is that to do? I know Frameworks are repairable, but
         | you can really do a swap like that completely on the fly?
         | 
         | Honestly, this comment is a somewhat decent sales hook for me;
         | I've been thinking about getting a Framework for my next laptop
         | whenever the current one I use really starts to fail (depending
         | on how their AMD stuff works out), and this comment makes me
         | more curious to look into them.
        
           | pitaj wrote:
           | I think we'll have to wait and see whether these are hot-
           | pluggable.
        
           | pimterry wrote:
           | I don't think anybody outside Framework knows for sure yet
           | (maybe not even internally) but my impression from what
           | they've shared so far is that the expansion bays are intended
           | to be very easily swappable (external, a click & push like
           | the expansion slots) but almost certainly not hot-swappable
           | while the machine is powered on.
           | 
           | They do have some initial specs at
           | https://github.com/FrameworkComputer/ExpansionBay that
           | somebody more knowledgeable than me might be able to glean
           | some practical info from.
        
           | mfenniak wrote:
           | It looks really easy in their product preview:
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=km3MVZ8HZeY
        
           | stavros wrote:
           | I don't know about the GPU, but in general, you unscrew five
           | screws, lift up the magnetic lid/keyboard, and you have
           | access to all the internals. I imagine that swapping the GPU
           | is as easy as undoing one more screw.
           | 
           | Removing the battery is a cable and a few screws, for
           | example. Everything is very accessible.
        
             | alpaca128 wrote:
             | From what I've seen the GPU add-on is not an internal
             | component (within the laptop's case) but similar to
             | swappable batteries on oldschool laptops, slotted into a
             | port on the back. It makes the laptop larger just like
             | extra large batteries on Thinkpads.
        
             | stronglikedan wrote:
             | Hopefully they use some crazy hard screws so the heads
             | don't strip with repeated use. (I don't know much about
             | Framework... yet)
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | No, they're built to unscrew easily, and they're captive,
               | so you can't even lose them.
        
         | AceJohnny2 wrote:
         | My first "real" laptop was a beast of a Dell workstation-class
         | laptop in 2005. One of its key features for me was being able
         | to swap out the CD drive for an extra battery.
         | 
         | Of course, by modern standards the thing weighed a ton. These
         | days, my 15" MBP feels like a brick in my bike bag, and it's
         | likely 30-50% lighter!
         | 
         | (Oh and fun fact: recently I wanted to test out Moore's Law,
         | and see how the RasPi 4 compared to that Core Duo laptop (that
         | I still have!) Well, the 18y-old laptop still handily beat out
         | the RasPi4 in single-CPU performance! Moore's law can't quite
         | make up for opposite market segments)
        
           | thx-2718 wrote:
           | "(Oh and fun fact: recently I wanted to test out Moore's Law,
           | and see how the RasPi 4 compared to that Core Duo laptop
           | (that I still have!) Well, the 18y-old laptop still handily
           | beat out the RasPi4 in single-CPU performance! Moore's law
           | can't quite make up for opposite market segments)"
           | 
           | shouldn't power consumption also be a factor in comparing
           | performance?
           | 
           | I would think an ARM would use less wattage than a Core 2
           | Duo.
        
             | AceJohnny2 wrote:
             | Certainly, in a MIPS/W or MIPS/$, the RasPi beats the pants
             | off the old laptop (Edit: which I now remember was a Dell
             | Precision M65, which specs say weighed 2.81kg (6.2lb)
             | (likely without extra battery), whereas my current MBP M1
             | Pro is 1.6 kg (3.5 lbs) so more than half as heavy!)
             | 
             | But I had the mistaken assumption that 15+ years of Moore's
             | Law would certainly leave the old laptop in the dust, in
             | the same way that "modern smartphone more powerful than an
             | old supercomputer". It was interesting to be corrected!
        
           | kitsunesoba wrote:
           | I have a 2008 Dell workstation laptop (M4400) that had the
           | swappable bays feature that I bought used around 2012 and
           | used as my primary machine for several years (which as an
           | aside, worked so, so much better than buying a brand new
           | machine for the same price would've).
           | 
           | In my case I swapped the optical bay for a SATA bay which
           | enabled quick swapping of SATA drives. For my usage at that
           | point in time that ability was very handy... perfectly
           | possible with an external USB gadget of course, but it was
           | nice to have that _without_ the cables and gadget. Most of
           | the time that bay held a large HDD for  "cold" storage,
           | allowing the primary SATA slot to be filled with a fast 256GB
           | SSD.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | majormajor wrote:
           | Yeah, this used to be pretty common.
           | 
           | Through the 90s laptops came with expansion cards and often
           | swappable bays. Even late-90s Mac laptops had two bays that
           | you could swap batteries, DVD/CD/floppy drives into and out
           | of, plus a PC Card slot that could take things like TV video
           | capture cards or Wifi adapters.
           | 
           | I don't remember if PCMCIA slots had enough bandwidth to make
           | external video cards practical (plus... it would require a
           | separate monitor, I guess), though.
           | 
           | They all went away in the quest for lightweight size and
           | capacity... especially as more things got built in.
        
             | znpy wrote:
             | > I don't remember if PCMCIA slots had enough bandwidth to
             | make external video cards practical (plus... it would
             | require a separate monitor, I guess), though.
             | 
             | PCMCIA surely not, but express card most likely.
             | 
             | I remember some mods installing an external GPU onto the
             | mythical ThinkPad X220 by means of a bridge card that would
             | fit in the express card slot and would allow a full pci-
             | express to be connected. See:
             | https://artemis.sh/2021/08/04/eGPU-on-thinkpad-x220.html
        
             | acomjean wrote:
             | PCMCIA
             | 
             | I remember those slightly larger than a credit card (and
             | thicker).
             | 
             | I had 2, and IBM one which had a eithernet and modem on it
             | (and a really fun sparkly label). and a scsi one for a zip
             | drive (they had parallel port zip drives... but)
        
               | dabluecaboose wrote:
               | I had one I got at the Spy Museum in DC that was a little
               | compartment! In high school I used to keep a $20 bill in
               | there in case I wanted to do something with my friends
               | that cost money
        
             | toast0 wrote:
             | > I don't remember if PCMCIA slots had enough bandwidth to
             | make external video cards practical (plus... it would
             | require a separate monitor, I guess), though.
             | 
             | Original PCMCIA was 16-bit ISA (not sure the speed),
             | CardBus was 32-bit, 33Mhz PCI with DMA and whatnot.
             | Certainly there were many video cards on 16-bit ISA, but I
             | wouldn't think you'd want to stuff one into a PCMCIA slot,
             | maybe a hercules card so you could do monochrome/color
             | multi-monitor; but multimonitor didn't really come into
             | popularity until windows 98 and 2000 on the NT side;
             | advanced graphics card back then were AGP, but some were
             | released as 32-bit PCI as well; they almost certainly
             | wouldn't have been able to be compacted to fit in the slot,
             | but you could probably have a cardbus -> pci slot adapter
             | and some ugly thing. A quick search doesn't find any, but
             | I'd expect something to exist as a development tool.
        
         | sschueller wrote:
         | I find that hilarious because we did that back in the day on
         | laptops that let you put batteries in instead of a cd or floppy
         | drive.
         | 
         | Then Apple happened and ever laptop maker only saw the cash,
         | abondend what users needed and wanted to copy what Apple was
         | peddling including making parts on replacable.
         | 
         | Now after waisting all these resources on form over function
         | even Apple has started to go back to function (at least a tiny
         | bit).
        
           | sneak wrote:
           | > _Then Apple happened and ever laptop maker only saw the
           | cash, abondend what users needed_
           | 
           | 99% of users don't need a powerful discrete GPU _or_ an
           | extended battery, as evidenced by the Macbook Air (the base,
           | sub-$1k model) being Apple 's bestselling computer by far.
        
             | dabluecaboose wrote:
             | In fairness as well, Apple's laptop battery life is top
             | notch. So paradoxically it could be said that proves people
             | do need more battery
        
             | nordsieck wrote:
             | > 99% of users don't need a powerful discrete GPU or an
             | extended battery, as evidenced by the Macbook Air (the
             | base, sub-$1k model) being Apple's bestselling computer by
             | far.
             | 
             | To be fair to Apple, the m1 air has an absurdly good
             | battery life.
        
             | kaliqt wrote:
             | Let's be honest... That's a new thing. Laptops have sucked
             | for a long time prior.
        
           | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
           | _> Then Apple happened_
           | 
           | As much as I dislike Apple's anti-repair and anti-upgrade
           | practices, they're hardly to blame for this. They only gave
           | consumers what they wanted, and consumer collectively voted
           | for their wallets for sexyer, slimmer and lighter notebooks
           | at the expense of repairability and upgradability, regardless
           | of who made them, Apple, Lenovo, Dell, Asus etc.
           | 
           | Consumers are a lot more likely to prioritize _" hey look, my
           | laptop fits inside a Manila Envelope"_ rather than "hey look,
           | I can unscrew and replace/repair all these components in my
           | laptop if something breaks".
           | 
           | Now the entire consumer electronics industry has conditioned
           | consumers that whenever their laptop breaks they just take it
           | to a "genius" bar where some dude who doesn't have any
           | electronics repair knowledge (because that would be too
           | expensive), takes a look at your laptop and says "sorry mate,
           | looks like it's fucked and you're gonna need a new
           | motherboard replacement for 800$", when in fact it can be
           | fixed for 50$ in a 10 minute soldering job by a technician
           | who actually knows electronics but is either retired or out
           | of work because his job was offshored to China and we don't
           | repair things anymore we just throw them in the landfill
           | "because we're that wealthy and stuff made in China is that
           | cheap".
           | 
           | Hopefully right to repair laws, stricter environmental rules
           | and trade tariffs, will put an end to this consumerist
           | throwaway madness that just jack up corporate profits at the
           | expense of everything else, even if that means that MacBook
           | Airs will have to be 1.5mm thinker.
        
         | varispeed wrote:
         | Interesting that nobody came with a concept of a desktop PC,
         | but as a laptop (commercially) before.
         | 
         | Most like due to perceived niche, no standard format of laptop
         | motherboards, not easy to buy laptop motherboard off the shelf.
         | 
         | Then also the technology was evolving, so manufacturers maybe
         | didn't want to restrict themselves to the certain layout and
         | way how components can be laid out and connected.
        
           | ivan_gammel wrote:
           | I would love to see an external monitor with embedded
           | GPU/extra CPU etc that would serve as an extension to a
           | laptop, tablet, phone or stick. If such devices were popular
           | enough in remote-first offices, coworkings and hotels, it
           | would be a game changer making computing more inclusive.
           | Imagine having a $100 laptop with easily replaceable
           | components that is transformed into $1500 workstation on
           | demand.
        
             | vel0city wrote:
             | External Thunderbolt GPU enclosures exist and can behave as
             | a dock. A friend has one at his place, I can just plop my
             | own cheap laptop in and it gets a massively upgraded GPU,
             | access to a few monitors, USB PD, a USB hub with all the
             | peripherals plugged in, and wired networking.
             | 
             | Its not all built into the monitor, but IMO having the
             | several hundred dollar GPU outside of the monitor gives
             | really good flexibility. The dock isn't much larger than
             | the GPU and a few hundred watt power supply which you'd
             | need anyways.
             | 
             | The only thing really missing from that equation is the
             | extra CPU power and it being integrated into the monitor.
             | But having a powerful CPU that scales down to be power
             | friendly when on the go seems easier than finding a
             | powerful GPU that doesn't suck the battery dry just
             | rendering a desktop and a browser window.
        
             | acomjean wrote:
             | Isn't that what "Display Link" usb monitors kinda are
             | (without the powerful gpu and large screen real estate)
             | 
             | I've used a usb-> monitor adapter from time to time (with
             | my own screen). The performance wasn't great, but its not
             | bad and been more than usable for work and such.
             | 
             | with usb3 it should be better than the one I used.
             | 
             | https://www.synaptics.com/products/displaylink-
             | graphics/disp...
        
               | ivan_gammel wrote:
               | Well, the connector does not really matter, the key is
               | the hardware at the extension.
               | CPU+GPU+screen+network+camera+HDD with some software that
               | you need only in workstation mode etc. The software could
               | be sandboxed by the OS on your device, security of extra
               | CPU and GPU is interesting, but probably solvable
               | problem.
        
               | zozbot234 wrote:
               | That's pretty much an all-in-one PC. E.g. an iMac, or a
               | Surface Studio.
        
               | ivan_gammel wrote:
               | yes, if all components are present, it looks like an all-
               | in-one PC. But again, I'm talking about an extension,
               | where OS and your data belong to your portable device and
               | run in trusted environment using extension resources when
               | necessary.
        
             | dijit wrote:
             | I had the same idea before, its basically possible now if
             | you pass through the SSD to a host computer.
             | 
             | I even thought about maybe having an external SSD module
             | which you could swap out the SSD to a beast machine when
             | you need it.
        
               | ivan_gammel wrote:
               | This solution will work even with good old HDD, but you
               | need a whole host computer and you swap, not extend your
               | hardware.
        
           | sh34r wrote:
           | I strongly believe the tech just wasn't there 10 years ago.
           | It shouldn't have taken as long as it did to make a modular
           | laptop, but making some ten billion smartphones (and the
           | constant drive to make them ever thinner and smaller) made it
           | so we can pack far more power into a smaller space.
           | 
           | Modularity and repairability is always going to lead to less
           | space efficient designs. I will gladly concur that Apple and
           | others have taken severe advantage of this in an excuse to
           | push planned obsolescence, long after anyone cared about
           | shaving another millimeter from a device. But there was
           | absolutely a time where it just wasn't feasible to make a
           | laptop do what people wanted, at the desired price point, and
           | also make it modular. Computer architecture's all about
           | tradeoffs and there just wasn't a viable product on that part
           | of the "efficient frontier." Similar argument explains why
           | gaming laptops were also a massive disappointment for so many
           | years. There are conflicting requirements.
           | 
           | People also didn't really care as much about right to repair,
           | when hardware improvements made you want to upgrade every few
           | years anyway, and we didn't have such rapacious anti-consumer
           | monopolies.
        
           | jjice wrote:
           | There was a short period where external GPUs that could
           | connect to your laptop were kind of big a few years back. The
           | never really took off though, and that was the only big
           | component I saw that with.
        
             | theWreckluse wrote:
             | Any idea why they didn't take off?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | mschild wrote:
               | Guess on my part, but likely cost.
               | 
               | The cheapest egpu case I could find is 300 Euros and
               | that's just the case with an internal PSU. You still need
               | to buy an incredibly expensive GPU to put into it.
               | 
               | So now you're spending probably 1k just for the laptop,
               | plus 300 for the case and an additional, let say, 350-400
               | on the GPU. For that amount of money, most would probably
               | look for good laptops that have an integrated one, buy a
               | handheld, a console, or just don't want to spend that
               | amount of money on it.
        
               | Jochim wrote:
               | They often just don't justify the cost. The enclosures
               | themselves are expensive, and there's a really rough
               | performance hit, less than half the framerate of the same
               | card connected via PCIe in some cases[0]. A decent gaming
               | laptop probably costs about the same while having better
               | performance[1].
               | 
               | They're not particularly portable either, so you'd be
               | better off getting the gaming laptop, or building a
               | desktop with a cheaper GPU for roughly the same price.
               | 
               | The size/power delivery of the enclosure can be a
               | limiting factor as well, new GPUs have tended to be
               | bigger and more power hungry, resulting in many
               | enclosures just not being compatible with newer cards.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NlYHPj-0DTE
               | 
               | [1] https://egpu.io/forums/mac-setup/pcie-slot-dgpu-vs-
               | thunderbo...`
        
           | usrusr wrote:
           | Standing on the shoulders of giants is a pointless endeavor
           | if the giants simply aren't there or if their abilities are
           | too narrowly focused on the very hard problems.
           | 
           | Very fast (on a contemporary scale) mobile extension
           | interfaces have come and gone before, but only PCIe in its
           | USB-C and m.2 incarnations not only excels at high
           | performance but also scales down nicely to things as
           | pedestrian as plugging in a mouse or a non-exotic storage
           | extension. PCMCIA for example was dead weight unless you
           | happened to be one of the very few who had one of those super
           | exotic cards. An unused lightning 4 slot? There can never be
           | enough of those, the more the merrier. You might find
           | yourself using it for things as simple as topping up your
           | bike light battery when it's not running an external GPU.
        
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