[HN Gopher] Nanoplastic Ingestion Causes Neurological Deficits
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Nanoplastic Ingestion Causes Neurological Deficits
        
       Author : pseudolus
       Score  : 265 points
       Date   : 2023-06-08 11:52 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.the-scientist.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.the-scientist.com)
        
       | peter_retief wrote:
       | Obesity...
        
       | jxramos wrote:
       | > After two months of daily ingestion of nanoplastics at the
       | estimated human consumption dose
       | 
       | What is this said estimated human consumption dose anyways?
        
       | neom wrote:
       | My mum when I was a kid in the 90s: we don't store things in
       | plastic, glass or ceramic only
       | 
       | Me when I was a kid in the 90s: mum is a f'ing idiot wtf is wrong
       | with plastic this hippy shit is dumb
       | 
       | My mum 2020s: so plastic huh?
       | 
       | Me 2020s: ugh.
        
         | myth_drannon wrote:
         | We threw away all our glass containers because they constantly
         | chip. I'm more afraid of ingesting piece of sharp glass than
         | nanoplastics. I don't know why that keeps happenning, I guess
         | dishwasher's high heat damages the glass or they keep bumping
         | into each other.
        
           | Ireallyapart wrote:
           | Get the expensive pyrex glass.
        
             | myth_drannon wrote:
             | Pyrex is the one that chips.
        
               | Ireallyapart wrote:
               | weird. I never had a problem with pyrex. Must be
               | something to do with the environment the glass in your
               | specific case is exposed to.
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | Pyrex is just tempered glass now. You have to trawl yard
               | sales and antique shops to find the borosylicate version.
        
           | idiotsecant wrote:
           | That's weird, I pretty much exclusively use glass food
           | storage and it's never chipped. And I just got some random
           | ones off Amazon, not like they're some super high quality or
           | anything
        
           | Fire-Dragon-DoL wrote:
           | You would poop the glass though
        
             | arsome wrote:
             | Yeah, generally speaking unless it's a very large shard and
             | cuts your esophagus, once it reaches your stomach, acids
             | will knock the edges off and it'll pass without issue.
        
               | thombat wrote:
               | Gastric acid is basically hydrochloric acid, and rather
               | less concentrated than the standard laboratory bench HCl,
               | which stands peaceably for years in glass flasks. I would
               | be wary of assuming that chemical attack will quickly
               | blunt glass shards.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | I really doubt stomach acid would do anything to glass.
               | Strong acids are regularly stored in glass.
        
               | XorNot wrote:
               | HCl will do _nothing_ to glass. It 's strong bases that
               | will dissolve glass (a little), and your digestive system
               | doesn't have any.
        
             | TurkishPoptart wrote:
             | No, I think eating glass leads to internal bleeding and
             | could be very bad for you.
        
               | Fire-Dragon-DoL wrote:
               | I remember being really scared about it and then I
               | vaguely remember some doctor saying most stuff will go
               | through stomach just fine, and that included glass.
               | 
               | Memory is fuzzy and I'm definitely not a doctor, so
               | please double check.
               | 
               | I'm assuming if you are eating glass, it's a small enough
               | piece that you won't notice, it can be big, you'll notice
               | in your mouth.
        
             | myth_drannon wrote:
             | well the pieces are about 5mm. For sure it will cut mouth,
             | throat or something else.
        
             | Karawebnetwork wrote:
             | In some cases, probably rare ones, it can lead to
             | perforation of the intestine
        
           | hedgehog wrote:
           | It may be how you load, I don't think that's a common issue.
           | Microscopic bits of glass are basically sand though so I
           | wouldn't worry unless there's a lot or it's getting airborne.
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | I've given up on teaching my partner how to load a
             | dishwasher. She insists you can fit more into a load. We
             | also have a bunch of chipped plates and mugs. Not on my
             | watch of course.
        
         | ren_engineer wrote:
         | will be interesting to see if plastic ends up being our modern
         | day equivalent to Rome and their lead pipes
        
           | anlaw wrote:
           | Sounds like leaded gas. Wasn't banned until 1980s.
           | 
           | Our leaders are 80 year old post war shell shocked, Cold War
           | paranoids who huffed leaded gas fumes for decades. Explains
           | quite a lot actually.
        
             | edem wrote:
             | this comment made my day
        
         | Night_Thastus wrote:
         | If you can, there are some great borosilicate glass containers
         | out there. I use them for everything. The ones I have seal well
         | enough that I can fill it with soup and stick it in a backpack,
         | ride somewhere and it's fine on the other side.
         | 
         | Thick enough to be basically unbreakable, microwavable,
         | dishwasher-safe, etc. Don't need to worry about tomato staining
         | either like on plastic. I've been thrilled with mine.
        
           | ajmurmann wrote:
           | I love using these for things like casseroles. I can bake it
           | directly in the container or even freeze a raw casserole and
           | when ready, defrost and bake. One less dirty dish and no need
           | to transfer and make sure it will fit.
        
             | rektide wrote:
             | Not a huge deal, but heads up from 3d ago that pyrex is now
             | often tempered soda-lime glass & not borosilicate & is
             | somewhat succeptible to thermal shock breakage.
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36206565
             | 
             | PYREX all caps should be borosilicate still & mostly immune
             | (within reason).
        
           | jolux wrote:
           | Aren't the lids typically plastic though?
        
             | bilekas wrote:
             | I would have assumed (probably incorrectly) that the 'seal'
             | which would come in contact with the glass & liquids would
             | be a type of silicone lid, while it could be considered a
             | type of plastic, if its a good food grade lid, I would
             | imagine it's a bit better ?
             | 
             | Ironically though silicone is much harder to recycle
             | though.
        
               | jolux wrote:
               | The lid is often thermoplastic of some sort, sometimes
               | with a rubber gasket and sometimes without.
        
               | actionfromafar wrote:
               | U don't recycle plastic, you burn it in a furnace. Spread
               | the word.
        
               | balaji1 wrote:
               | Burning seems to be the only good idea over long-term.
               | But someone on HN explained that there are some toxic
               | byproducts to burning plastic. Dioxins for one. So we
               | need some way to capture those waste and store it along
               | with the nuclear waste lol.
        
               | actionfromafar wrote:
               | There are such capture devices and they are already in
               | use to burn trash.
        
               | infogulch wrote:
               | You just need a catalytic converter.
        
               | digging wrote:
               | Not sure if you're serious or not, but plastic should not
               | actually be put in the recycling bin. It almost never
               | gets recycled, and if it does, it degrades quickly and
               | becomes more toxic after recycling.
               | 
               | Plastic is garbage. If you live in a place that burns
               | garbage for energy, that's the best fate for it.
        
               | bilekas wrote:
               | Everytime I think I can do even something small to help,
               | more clever people come along and ruin it!
               | 
               | Does remind me of a cool tech about plasma arc recycling.
               | 
               | https://www.explainthatstuff.com/plasma-arc-
               | recycling.html
               | 
               | It can basically recycle anything into energy from what I
               | briefly read.
        
             | Night_Thastus wrote:
             | Yes, but the vast majority of the container being glass
             | still has advantages. For example, whenever heating it,
             | you'd remove the lid and only be heating the glass.
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | Yeah. At least the food usually isn't in contact with the
             | lid though.
        
             | George83728 wrote:
             | You can buy glass bowls with glass lids.
        
           | JLCarveth wrote:
           | Aren't the lids still plastic? I've never seen ones with
           | glass lids.
        
             | tescocles wrote:
             | You can find ones with glass lids.
             | 
             | Here in the UK we're lucky that Pyrex is still borosilicate
             | glass, and there are some I've seen with glass lids that
             | are advertised as "zero plastic".
        
               | rektide wrote:
               | PYREX all caps should be borosilicate. Indeed harder to
               | get now. Submission from 3d ago on the this:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36206565
        
             | Grazester wrote:
             | And that is fine. We aren't going to be taking our spoons
             | and forks and scraping the food from the plastic lip as we
             | would with the container nor is the lid in contact with
             | food should we warm it in the microware.
        
               | kingkawn wrote:
               | real confident bout that, kind of like everyone who said
               | that the rest of the container being plastic was
               | acceptable before...
        
               | organsnyder wrote:
               | Perhaps not perfect, but it's at least a massive
               | improvement over all-plastic containers.
        
           | mensetmanusman wrote:
           | Storing leftovers in glass when the entire supply chain is
           | plastic... would be interesting to know how futile this is.
        
             | pengaru wrote:
             | Contaminants/toxins are cumulative, affecting probabilistic
             | negative outcomes. So it always makes sense to do what you
             | can to reduce your exposure.
             | 
             | Your line of thinking here is the same convenient sort of
             | apathy which enables so many to become and/or stay obese.
        
             | narag wrote:
             | It depends on what you buy and where.
        
             | Filligree wrote:
             | Fresh plastic, however. Newly made food-grade plastics will
             | 'leak' a lot less microplastics than anything you reuse.
        
           | adhesive_wombat wrote:
           | > basically unbreakable
           | 
           | The clip-retaining rims seem to _love_ to chip on the IKEA
           | 365 style ones.
           | 
           | The long-tabbed GlassLock ones seem less vulnerable to that.
           | 
           | Which not unique to glass boxes, I'm still amazed by how
           | robust the living hinges can be, some are going on 10 years
           | and haven't split yet.
        
             | mszcz wrote:
             | That's interesting. I have around 10-15 of those IKEA 365
             | glass containers with plastic lids and have never had them
             | chip. I stick them in the dishwasher all the time.
        
               | adhesive_wombat wrote:
               | I have had Lock&Lock ones, of almost exactly the same
               | design, for about 10 years and they're only recently
               | starting become significantly chipped, but I had an IKEA
               | one get a small chip within months. Maybe it's how I
               | stack then without lids (physically don't have cupboard
               | space to store with lids on).
        
               | curmudgeon22 wrote:
               | mine quickly chipped as well... also stack without lids
               | FWIW.
        
         | artursapek wrote:
         | based mum
        
         | Pxtl wrote:
         | A good set of mason jars is great for lunches, for salads and
         | pastas and the like. They seal better than tupper, they're
         | microwave-safe, they're standardized so you can get replacement
         | lids easily, and they're pretty rugged. I use metal when the
         | kids are too young for glass.
        
           | isametry wrote:
           | By "too young for glass", I'm assuming you mainly hint at
           | weight - which happens to be basically the only, but quite
           | significant downside to glass.
           | 
           | The material itself is already about 1.5x to 2x as dense as
           | your average container plastic, plus since you're aiming for
           | at least a decent strength, on top of that the wall thickness
           | will probably be several times larger too.
        
             | derekja wrote:
             | I had presumed he meant breakage and the shards turning
             | into little knives.
        
             | cout wrote:
             | Plain glass jars can break if dropped (or thrown) off the
             | table. If I'm sure a jar is borosilicate then I might
             | consider letting my child drink from it, otherwise it's not
             | worth the risk.
        
               | masfuerte wrote:
               | I've heard of a very small child being offered a sip from
               | a thin glass and biting a chunk off the rim. Fortunately
               | no harm was done.
        
               | saiya-jin wrote:
               | This happened to us on vacation in Italy 2 weeks ago, my
               | almost 2 years old daughter was drinking water from glass
               | wine (since some better restaurants there don't give you
               | any other type of glass regardless of drink).
               | 
               | We obviously freaked out and acted immediately, the staff
               | was a bit concerned but it wasn't their child chewing
               | glass shards. Daughter fortunately developed quite a
               | skill or pushing stuff she doesn't like from her mouth
               | using tongue, so she pushed out everything quickly, small
               | cut in her inner mouth, 2 minutes of crying, us running
               | around and that was it, with some evening worries (wife
               | is a doctor but still...).
               | 
               | Not recommending this experience, better check what they
               | give to your young ones (say below age of 3) beforehand,
               | or just bring your own unbreakable one, even if (good)
               | plastic.
        
           | Msw242 wrote:
           | Metal usually has a plastic coating though, doesn't it?
        
             | clnq wrote:
             | Coca-Cola cans, and probably many others, have plastic
             | coating with BPA on the inside.
             | 
             | But that doesn't matter much in comparison, because PFAS
             | (corrected) are in the product, allegedly: https://amp.theg
             | uardian.com/environment/2023/jan/19/simply-o...
        
               | chrisco255 wrote:
               | BPA is not plastic.
        
               | Grazester wrote:
               | I don't think someone trying to be totally healthy is
               | going to be drinking Soda or any of these juices with
               | their ridiculously high sugar content anyway.
        
               | clnq wrote:
               | Two things:
               | 
               | 1. Lots of drinks come in metal cans with BPA lining on
               | the inside.
               | 
               | 2. You can absolutely be reasonably healthy and drink
               | some of these drinks, including the variants that are not
               | sugar-free. I don't think most people try to be
               | perfectionistically healthy. But I think PFAs are not
               | anywhere closer "reasonably healthy" to consume.
        
               | ifyoubuildit wrote:
               | It's kinda like saying people can be reasonably healthy
               | and still smoke some cigarettes. True enough, but if
               | someone is trying to be healthy that's a pretty obvious
               | change to make.
        
               | kijin wrote:
               | Wine would be a better analogy. It contains a large
               | amount of a known carcinogen (alcohol), but plenty of
               | people who try to be healthy don't feel particularly
               | guilty about drinking some wine every now and then.
        
               | ifyoubuildit wrote:
               | I don't know if it's a better analogy, but I agree that
               | it's a good one. There are tons of things that won't
               | outright kill you on first exposure, but are good
               | candidates for minimizing if you want to improve your
               | health.
        
               | saiya-jin wrote:
               | I don't think I _ever_ considered drinking from cans
               | healthy, it is just a desperate move if no better option
               | is present. Same beer tastes significantly worse compared
               | to glass (but if you drink cheapest crap you probably don
               | 't notice nor care).
        
               | pitaj wrote:
               | It's not BPA anymore, but something very similar.
               | 
               | Also, PFAS is not the plural of PFA - those are actually
               | different classes of chemicals.
        
               | clnq wrote:
               | Thanks for the correction!
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | Food/drink cans do. Reusable storage made from stainless
             | steel usually doesn't.
        
         | balaji1 wrote:
         | What are the concerns about the "plastic" carpets in American
         | homes?
         | 
         | They are pretty much everywhere. They shed fibers all the time.
         | We're in contact with it all the time.
        
           | ericd wrote:
           | Yeah, polyester/nylon/polypropylene are everywhere. There are
           | some really good, reasonably priced all wool ones available
           | here: https://hookandloom.com/browse/undyed-natural-wool-
           | rugs/loom...
           | 
           | They're so much nicer than the plastic type, and seem durable
           | so far (the thick flat weave type has been holding up well on
           | our stairs).
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | Polypropylene is probably the least nasty of the bunch.
             | 
             | Probably.
             | 
             | When the BPA scare came I saw so many people switching to a
             | different kind of plastic instead of stainless steel or
             | glass. I just could not understand what people were
             | thinking.
        
             | rootusrootus wrote:
             | > They're so much nicer than the plastic type
             | 
             | Unless you have kids or pets, or live somewhere especially
             | humid, in which case you will regret not getting nylon.
        
               | ericd wrote:
               | We live somewhere humid and have very young kids, their
               | playroom is covered with a very big one of those loom
               | hooked ones, it's awesome for that because it's so soft.
               | Spills tends to come out of it pretty easily, the wool
               | seems to be at least mildly hydrophobic.
        
         | dclowd9901 wrote:
         | I keep saying it but it would be phenomenal if glass container
         | recycling became an earnest effort. I'm just not sure we
         | actually have the infrastructure to support such an endeavor.
         | Even something like carting a load of groceries out to your car
         | and loading them up suddenly becomes quite a lift.
        
           | chrisco255 wrote:
           | That's a good thing, many Americans are in need of a regular
           | workout anyways.
        
         | vsareto wrote:
         | Purchased drinks taste different in different containers (Coke
         | in plastic vs glass vs aluminum), so I'm on board with food.
        
           | dTal wrote:
           | Coke in "aluminum" is actually coke in plastic; the cans are
           | lined.
        
             | chrisco255 wrote:
             | No they're not. It's an epoxy resin, not plastic. It's BPA.
        
               | actionfromafar wrote:
               | So, a plastic then?
               | 
               | Edit after light scolding by commenter below:
               | 
               | BPA is a form of plastic, both in the pedantic sense
               | (it's formed ... plastically... into its product shape)
               | but more importantly in the colloquial sense, "synthetic,
               | plasticky material" and in this general thread "synthetic
               | material with harmful effects on health, probably through
               | hormonal disruption".
               | 
               | So, yes, BPA is a resin, it's also a plastic, and it's
               | also probably pretty bad, healthwise.
        
               | gamblor956 wrote:
               | BPA is not a plastic. BPA is not a resin.
               | 
               | It is a precursor to resins and plastics, the same way
               | that water is a precursor to sea water but is not the
               | same thing, even though sea water is 96% water by weight.
        
               | nehal3m wrote:
               | Is it?
               | 
               | [0] Bisphenol A (BPA) is a chemical produced in large
               | quantities for use primarily in the production of
               | polycarbonate plastics.
               | 
               | Guess it is. Why is it a problem?
               | 
               | [1] Researchers have found that BPA exposure is linked to
               | a number of health issues, partly because BPA mimics the
               | structure and function of the hormone estrogen
               | 
               | Not to be wagging the finger, but instead of a snarky
               | remark (ending in a question mark, so the reader can't
               | conclude anything from it) a little Googling and posting
               | a correction with the reasoning would be better.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/agents/sya-
               | bpa/index...
               | 
               | [1] https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/what-is-
               | bpa#basics
        
             | saiya-jin wrote:
             | And for decades it was full of BPA, AFAIK it still is
             | ('stable' one, if you believe them...)
        
             | teddyh wrote:
             | Obligatory link:
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hUhisi2FBuw
        
             | conradkay wrote:
             | I think they're talking about McDonalds which uses
             | stainless steel tanks for delivery. I'm pretty sure those
             | aren't lined with plastic.
        
               | dTal wrote:
               | I would think if they had meant "stainless steel" they
               | would have said so, rather than "aluminum".
        
               | cma wrote:
               | The cup linings and soda dispenser hoses and miles of
               | water supply lines to the store your house and everywhere
               | typically are.
        
             | Ireallyapart wrote:
             | aluminum may be toxic too.
        
         | posterchild7382 wrote:
         | I think the bigger problem can be that it is present in
         | drinking water. Both bottled and tap water.
         | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9103198/
         | 
         | Of course it cannot be positive to store food in plastic
         | containers either. But difficult to avoid.
        
         | washadjeffmad wrote:
         | We've got sets of Indian brass, Korean steel, and Japanese
         | lacquered wood food containers that we use in addition to
         | ceramics and glass. The glass chips, and once it does we tend
         | to avoid using it for food.
         | 
         | Because all of these things last or compound over a lifetime,
         | it's only expensive to be healthful if you wait.
        
           | bombela wrote:
           | Isn't lacquer technically a sort of plastic?
           | 
           | I could find images for Indian Brass Container to learn what
           | it is. But I didn't find anything conclusive for Korean
           | steel.
        
             | BizarroLand wrote:
             | Lacquer is resin from trees, not plastic.
             | 
             | I don't know if it's better for you than plastic or really
             | anything about its chemical composition, but it's not
             | plastic.
             | 
             | Edit: After reading more, there is an acrylic lacquer that
             | was developed in the 1950s that contains plastics, but
             | outside of that, normal or traditional lacquers are
             | typically biological in origin.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lacquer
        
               | BobbyJo wrote:
               | When you say "normal", does that mean "common"? As in, if
               | I buy lacquered wood, can I expect it to be synthetic or
               | biological? Is there a way to tell, or do you just have
               | to trust the source?
        
               | BizarroLand wrote:
               | For the lacquer you buy in the stores, you will have to
               | examine the contents to see if you have actual lacquer or
               | synthetic petroleum lacquers.
               | 
               | As far as wood products, if it was made after the early-
               | mid 80's, assume that if it was lacquered it was done so
               | with a synthetic, or if it is some form of manufactured
               | wood.
               | 
               | https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-
               | xpm-1986-11-09-860324...
        
               | pengaru wrote:
               | My impression is that finishes free of petroleum products
               | have become somewhat of a niche cottage industry these
               | days.
               | 
               | So I wouldn't assume _anything_ acquired finished by
               | someone else is free of such things, regardless of
               | whatever once-precise names they used to describe the
               | finish.
               | 
               | Even when you try DIY-finish something with an eye
               | towards food-safety it's rather challenging. E.g. the
               | "Boiled Linseed Oil" you find on store shelves isn't
               | actually boiled linseed oil, it's usually been
               | adulterated with petroleum distillates and sometimes
               | toxic "dryers" (cobalt comes to mind) to achieve the
               | results boiling used to serve.
               | 
               | Here in CA the once common Turpentine which is literally
               | distilled pine trees can't even be sold to the public due
               | to VOCs. The stocked replacements are mostly petroleum
               | distillates, labeled as known to cause cancer in the
               | state.
               | 
               | The oil industry has infected everything
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | Why would oil companies dispose of their toxic byproducts
               | when they can sell them to companies who will poison the
               | public with them? Since it makes them money and there's
               | zero risk of legal repercussions for it, the only thing
               | that would stop them is having morals and the oil
               | industry certainly isn't burdened with those.
        
               | ericd wrote:
               | What percentage of lacquers these days do you think is
               | the old natural type? I'd wager it's very low.
        
               | BizarroLand wrote:
               | For mass produced items, I would agree.
               | 
               | For stuff made by lone craftsmen & small boutique shops,
               | maybe 50/50? Maybe less?
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | That resin comes from a tree that is the source of the
               | name for urishiol - the chemical that makes poison ivy
               | such a nasty experience.
               | 
               | It's probably better than plastic, but remember that
               | coral snake venom and puffer fish toxin are 'all natural'
               | and so the concept of all natural is utter and complete
               | bullshit.
        
           | idiotsecant wrote:
           | What is with putting superfluous place names in front of
           | things? Are you trying to sound fancy? You have steel and
           | wood food containers.
        
             | lostlogin wrote:
             | Those containers have a shape and style and the place names
             | allow me to visualise what they look like.
        
               | idiotsecant wrote:
               | Nobody else knows what your country of origin status
               | symbol words are supposed to mean, so using them to
               | communicate has one clear motive and it isn't clarity
        
               | ajmurmann wrote:
               | I didn't know what a Korean steel container looked like,
               | but Google gave me clarity and now I want some.
        
               | cybervaz wrote:
               | nah, you're just being overly reactive about things.
               | You're not contributing to the main topic
        
               | kwhitefoot wrote:
               | Perhaps no one knows but once it is specified they can at
               | least look them up if they feel inclined.
        
             | JeremyHerrman wrote:
             | This reminds me of a scene from the Simpsons [1]:
             | 
             | Homer: Hmm. I wonder why he's so eager to go to the garage?
             | 
             | Moe: The "garage"? Hey fellas, the "garage"! Well, ooh la
             | di da, Mr. French Man.
             | 
             | Homer: Well what do you call it?
             | 
             | Moe: A car hole!
             | 
             | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m5t9w98afJo
        
             | washadjeffmad wrote:
             | Why even be that specific? My matter holders are made of
             | matter.
        
             | jxf wrote:
             | American cheese is different from other kinds of cheese.
             | Canadian bacon is different from other types of bacon.
             | English muffins are different from other types of muffins.
             | 
             | OP isn't trying to be "fancy", they're trying to
             | communicate. This is a weird thing to get agitated about.
        
               | myshpa wrote:
               | What we have here ... is a failure to communicate.
               | 
               | (I'll see myself out)
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | bilekas wrote:
         | Slightly different experience, but my parents were like this
         | always when growing up, it never was an issue but it was just a
         | constant thing that I inherited.
         | 
         | Nowadays though I have the extreme where if my food is in
         | plastic I don't feel the food is contaminated (until recently,
         | but for different reasons), but like the plastic is forever
         | smelling of the food and filthy.
         | 
         | My gf uses plastic lunchboxes and even reuses plastic bottles
         | and I swear I can smell the things around the appartment. It's
         | gross.
        
           | rektide wrote:
           | My dad & his ancient reused plastic waterbottles & container
           | ware. :(
        
         | mtlmtlmtlmtl wrote:
         | Not sure it matters since there's plastic in all the food and
         | drinking water anyway.
         | 
         | There's no way to avoid ingesting plastic any more. You could
         | maybe reduce it a bit, that's all.
        
           | jjallen wrote:
           | So don't try and minimize it altogether because you're
           | getting some elsewhere? This isn't good logic.
        
             | riskable wrote:
             | Eating food out of a plastic container isn't going to
             | increase your microplastics intake (by enough to matter).
             | Those kinds of plastics are too stable to be a problem in
             | that regards. Even if you left your food in them in the
             | fridge for days.
             | 
             | The microplastics problem is a _pollution_ problem. When
             | you 're done with any given plastic thing you throw it out.
             | Some tiny percentage gets recycled, sure but for the most
             | part nearly all plastics get trashed.
             | 
             | The trashed plastic breaks down into microplastics slowly
             | over time and those microplastics are very mobile and
             | easily wash or _blow_ away if they 're exposed to sun. This
             | means they end up in rivers, lakes, streams, and large
             | bodies of water (e.g. the ocean). From there they diffuse
             | and get inadvertently eaten by sea creatures which are then
             | eaten by larger sea creatures and ultimately end up
             | _concentrating_ inside the larger species that we eat.
             | 
             | It's not just the fish though; it ends up in our water
             | supplies which are used to wash our _other_ foods and
             | ourselves. Basically, microplastics are currently so
             | pervasive in our water supplies that every product made for
             | human consumption _that exists_ has microplastics in it.
             | 
             | The solution isn't to do away with plastics entirely it's
             | to use different kinds of plastics that don't become long-
             | lived microplastics. For example, polylactic acid (PLA).
             | It's not suitable for all purposes but it's perfectly fine
             | for something like a frozen food container or even the thin
             | plastic film that seals it up.
             | 
             | The only reason we're not using such plastics (in the
             | places where they can be used) is they're not as cheap as
             | the bad stuff. We need regulations that require single-use
             | products use plastics that don't break down into long-lived
             | microplastics.
        
             | mtlmtlmtlmtl wrote:
             | Sure, minimise if you want.
             | 
             | But yes, my intuition says that whatever you might
             | eliminate by not storing food in plastic and other types of
             | avoidance is just gonna be a tiny drop in the constant dose
             | of plastic you're getting from everything you ingest.
        
             | gotoeleven wrote:
             | It's important that the titanic's deck chairs be nicely
             | arranged.
        
             | olalonde wrote:
             | When the risk is small enough, it seems rational to ignore
             | it.
        
               | haswell wrote:
               | The more we learn, the less reasonable it seems to
               | dismiss the risk as small enough to ignore.
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | in many cases it's the opposite: the more we've learned,
               | the more we recognize that the body is able to tolerate
               | small doses of many things in a way where the effects at
               | larger doses don't scale down (IE, the linear no-
               | threshold model is probably wrong in many cases, beyond
               | radiation)
        
               | haswell wrote:
               | I'm not making claims about a specific harmful threshold,
               | just pointing to the rationality of concern given the
               | ubiquity of plastic and our increasing understanding of
               | its harm.
               | 
               | Unless you're saying we understand the specific threshold
               | for plastic and the risk of reaching that threshold can
               | be reasonably extrapolated from typical levels of
               | exposure, I think we're getting at different points.
        
               | matheusmoreira wrote:
               | When the risk is significant but there's no viable
               | solution, it's also reasonable to ignore it. There's no
               | way to fix the microplastic problem at the individual
               | level so the best thing to do is to ignore it. Actively
               | avoiding plastics will only cause hardships without any
               | significant results in exposure.
        
               | wkearney99 wrote:
               | Emphasis on /seems/. It all adds up, small or not.
        
             | coldtea wrote:
             | If minimizing it wont make any real dent, it's a sound
             | logic. You know, if it just ends up as wasted, feel-good
             | busy-work.
        
               | haswell wrote:
               | I don't think this is the right way to frame this.
               | 
               | To me, this is a problem that needs broad solutions and
               | some of those solutions are available immediately and
               | some require broader changes, i.e. there are some things
               | I can control and some things I can't.
               | 
               | Living your life in a way that is conscious of these
               | risks and minimizes them when possible makes the
               | avoidance of plastic an ongoing concern, and increases
               | awareness of the issue in public consciousness.
               | 
               | I don't see how broader changes are possible without
               | growing awareness, and often the best place to start is
               | in one's own life.
               | 
               | If you were to examine the decision in a vacuum and
               | discard all downstream effects, I think it's rational not
               | to invest effort if it won't make a difference.
               | 
               | But I think this overly constrains the possible effects
               | of making the changes that we can, and underestimates the
               | value of instilling ideas in public consciousness.
        
           | titzer wrote:
           | The planet is absolutely tainted with nanoplastics at this
           | point. They are already being sucked up into the atmosphere
           | and being deposited on the tops of mountains. There's no
           | escaping it.
        
       | ramijames wrote:
       | A modern, worse version of lead in gasoline.
        
         | kortex wrote:
         | I don't think you understand how bad lead is for neural
         | development. It's _far_ worse than plastic. And with leaded
         | gas, there was no escaping it. At least you can generally live
         | a no-plastic or reduced-plastic lifestyle. We literally dosed
         | an entire generation with aerosolized heavy metals.
        
           | mjhay wrote:
           | Leaded gas was probably worse, but you can't escape
           | microplastics. They are ubiquitous in all environments now.
        
             | can16358p wrote:
             | Effects are reversible though.
             | 
             | Of course not to defend plastics or anything. It's just
             | relatively less worse than lead.
        
       | FrustratedMonky wrote:
       | So I guess when I was a kid and microwaved things until the
       | plastic melted and the saranwrap melted, kind of sunk me.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | You are doomed. Please send me all your Lego and electronics.
        
       | ulnarkressty wrote:
       | Everyone is talking about food containers, what about textiles -
       | we breathe in and swallow quite a lot of dust every day, mostly
       | coming from them. Even if you're wearing pure cotton the others
       | may not and the office carpets and furniture are all plastic,
       | getting torn every day.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | According to a report compiled by the EU, the largest group of
         | primary sources consists of the small particles released from
         | the washing waters of synthetic textiles, such as fleece
         | clothing. Wear particles from tire and road materials are the
         | second largest primary source. Together, these primary sources
         | form 15-31% of the microplastics in the oceans, that is, less
         | than one third.              Secondary sources include larger
         | plastic items, such as bottles, bags and fishing nets that are
         | ground into microplastics over time. These are estimated to
         | form 69-81% of the sources of microplastics in the oceans, that
         | is, at least two thirds.
         | 
         | The fleece loving hippies are killing us faster than the car
         | fanatics are, but only just.
         | 
         | https://www.nokiantyres.com/company/sustainability/environme...
        
         | XorNot wrote:
         | Food containers are also just..not the problem. No bulk plastic
         | is. Even scraping the hell out of container isn't going to make
         | particles in any quantity.
         | 
         | Microplastic in the environment comes from long term
         | degradation of plastic when it washes into the ocean or
         | waterways and breaks down from UV / radical exposure.
        
       | kornhole wrote:
       | Yes those N95 and other disposable masks people have been wearing
       | for years are made of plastic. This is a great way to ingest
       | nanoplastics.
        
         | SapporoChris wrote:
         | N95 masks can be made from plastics, however to my knowledge
         | there are not any masks on the market made of nanoplastic
         | particles.
         | 
         | Just as air filters are not polluting the air with massive
         | clouds of nanoparticles your face mask is not filling your
         | lungs with them.
        
           | samstave wrote:
           | no - but disposed of masks decompose via UV and mechanical
           | means to particulates and get into the food hierarchy.
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | 'disposed of' masks don't decompose via UV. Littered masks
             | do, but littering is a lack of disposal.
        
         | balaji1 wrote:
         | Do air purifiers help with micro plastics in indoor air?
        
           | kornhole wrote:
           | I do not think any air purifiers can fit inside your face
           | mask. I assume in room air purifiers will capture some as
           | they are particles like others that get caught in filters.
        
             | balaji1 wrote:
             | The disposable masks were such a shame. We ingested and
             | breathed in the plastic. Then once discarded, it is just
             | plastic pollution.
        
               | ch4s3 wrote:
               | There's literally no evidence that they shed nano-plastic
               | particles in regular use. Also they need to be disposable
               | to be useful, they're filters which trap things you don't
               | want in your lungs. Also, if you put them into the
               | regular trash, they just go to a land fill, which is
               | totally fine.
        
         | samstave wrote:
         | Its not so much about ingesting from wearing them - they are
         | almost single-use and disposable - how many TRILLIONS of
         | plastic masks have been thrown into the environment in the last
         | 3 years.
         | 
         | Seriously - if I had enough tinfoil - I'd say that our entire
         | dietary ecosystem is under attack, directly, in order to reduce
         | the healthiness of our food supply. Plus the many many food
         | processing/farm etc plants which caught fire in the last 18
         | months.
        
         | lm28469 wrote:
         | Your clothes, your phone, your keyboard, &c.
         | 
         | The vast majority of what you interact with is made of plastic,
         | at least the mask is useful
        
           | throitallaway wrote:
           | This is highly reductive. Clothes are useful in ensuring I
           | adhere to societal standards (and laws.) Keyboards help me
           | earn my living (without which I wouldn't be able to eat.)
        
         | throwaway290 wrote:
         | So are HEPA filters in all air purifiers.
         | 
         | Pick your battles. First you don't want to be sick/die/cause
         | your elder relative to die by infecting them. Then once you are
         | not dead you don't want to get into your body substances that
         | clearly have no business being there and can make you sick
         | slower and less noticeably.
         | 
         | I'm guessing you would want to run a filter/wear a mask if
         | there's a good reason and not do it when there isn't.
        
       | Dowwie wrote:
       | How can nanoplastics be removed from the intestine?
        
         | manmal wrote:
         | I think the article insinuates that it gets excreted or decays
         | by itself over time.
        
       | kleer001 wrote:
       | ... IN MICE !
        
         | Taywee wrote:
         | They do these kinds of studies on mice because mice have a high
         | homology with humans, and a huge number of the findings
         | extrapolate to humans.
        
           | kansface wrote:
           | Any idea what percentage of mice studies do extrapolate to
           | humans?
        
           | kleer001 wrote:
           | Yes, and as a model organism they're fantastic. But I feel
           | any and all studies on mice need to have "on mice" always in
           | any published study or news report about that study.
           | 
           | But it's one thing to pump a 100g/100g of micro plastics to
           | bodyweight directly into the brain of a mouse and another to
           | study mice in a mostly natural environment filled with
           | plastic dust in similar proportions to what we find in our
           | human lives..
        
             | magicalhippo wrote:
             | Reminds me of those "mobile phone radiation is bad for you"
             | studies. I read a few and calculated the energy they
             | exposed those mice with in joules per kg, and it was like
             | putting your head in a microwave oven for a few seconds. No
             | wonder the mice had some issues afterwards...
        
       | tikkun wrote:
       | Eugh. See also: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36226432
        
       | Reptur wrote:
       | Companies poisoning us need to be held accountable.
        
       | mensetmanusman wrote:
       | It's amazing how robust the human body is to surviving every
       | little attempt to clog the gears.
        
       | ne0flex wrote:
       | Convenient non-plastic solutions need to be developed. After
       | learning about micro plastics and forever chemicals, I started to
       | get paranoid of this stuff. Started cooking at home more and
       | started removing plastic from my daily life. After my wife got
       | pregnant, I keep telling her to avoid plastic, but she doesn't
       | seem to take it seriously. She purchased plastic food containers,
       | I tell her don't microwave food in it, but she does it anyway
       | because the container is "microwave safe". She also wants to
       | carry her own lunch but glass containers are heavy and she
       | doesn't want to carry that. I keep reminding her that she
       | shouldn't use it, especially while pregnant, but she says that
       | I'm stressing her out with that. She said she's open to using
       | non-plastic stuff but it needs to be as convenient as the plastic
       | products she's using now. It's difficult to find proper
       | replacements for stuff like plastic wraps, or lightweight glass
       | food / beverage containers.
        
         | beambot wrote:
         | Should be equally concerned about non-stick pans. PTFE (Teflon)
         | and other coatings are notoriously bad...
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | They're not a lot lighter, but there are glass containers that
         | have a silicone mesh over the outside, which in theory gives
         | you better survivability.
        
         | rcme wrote:
         | > Convenient non-plastic solutions need to be developed.
         | 
         | PFAS coated paper?
        
           | ne0flex wrote:
           | Obviously not. I guess non-toxic (plastic, PFAs, etc.)
           | would've been a better description.
        
         | Tade0 wrote:
         | I hate to make this worse for you, but apparently (that's what
         | I read at least) water pipes are also lined with BPA.
         | 
         | Baby products are often made from stuff which at least in
         | theory should be less harmful, but I suppose it's only tested
         | for a select group of hazards.
         | 
         | EDIT: forget the bamboo - not microwave safe. I ate some glue
         | along with my dishes apparently.
         | 
         | EDIT2: Apparently wheat bran containers are microwave safe and
         | since they're edible, they can't be lined with plastic. Not
         | reusable of course.
         | 
         | Also I wouldn't put them on 100%, because low-water content
         | stuff tends to burn in a microwave oven.
        
         | snapcaster wrote:
         | It sounds like you and your wife have different values. I see a
         | lot of people that share her opinion. It's hard for me to not
         | be mad at them since their lack of care is what enables
         | companies to act like this in the first place and not lose
         | customers
        
         | Karawebnetwork wrote:
         | >replacements for stuff like plastic wraps
         | 
         | Beeswax food wraps work surprising well
        
           | ne0flex wrote:
           | To my understanding, they can't be microwaved so it defeats
           | the main purpose my wife uses plastic wrap for (wrapping rice
           | balls / covering food and heating them up)
        
             | carabiner wrote:
             | Cover them with a damp paper towel or a plate? Food usually
             | doesn't need an airtight cover to be microwaved.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | snapcaster wrote:
             | I wonder what harm she is doing to your child
        
             | mjhay wrote:
             | Ooh boy that's extremely bad to do, quite a bit worse than
             | heating food in a tupperware.
        
         | yboris wrote:
         | Make it easier for her by taking on the chores of washing them
         | and preparing them. If you're insisting she do something
         | differently, ask her if there is anything you could do to make
         | it easier for her to do it -- since this is clearly a more
         | important change for you than for her (at this time).
        
           | ne0flex wrote:
           | I did offer to do that but the main problem is she doesn't
           | want to carry the items and it can be heavy for her with all
           | the tools she carries (she's a piano technician). Really only
           | solution would be finding lightweight alternatives, but
           | haven't had luck with that.
        
             | oefnak wrote:
             | Metal? Lighter and less prone to breaking than glass. Also
             | less inert maybe, but probably better than plastic.
        
               | yboris wrote:
               | No way to microwave sadly :/
               | 
               | Hard problem to solve. I wonder what the best effort-per-
               | payoff is in this scenario. Perhaps cutting out plastic
               | water bottles would be 90% of the benefit, and the
               | plastic containers for food is 10% of the benefit but
               | tremendously more effort -- I don't know (never did
               | research on this).
        
       | cwkoss wrote:
       | When I clean the lint out of my dryer, I can see a very faint
       | cloud of particles.
       | 
       | Should I be worried about breathing those? I presume a portion of
       | them are plastic from synthetic fibers. Should I be wearing a
       | mask to load/unload the dryer?
        
         | can16358p wrote:
         | Well, better safe than sorry. Even if they aren't plastics, by
         | common sense we can say its bad for lungs regardless.
         | 
         | Use a mask or try not to breathe it as much as possible.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | Almost all of the synthetic clothes that I personally own are
         | drip dry. I garden, and I know where the dryer vent comes out.
         | 
         | I haven't convinced the rest of the family of this however, so
         | I'm just doing what I can.
        
         | culopatin wrote:
         | You get those as you wear the clothes anyway. Might as well get
         | rid of any polyester
        
         | positr0n wrote:
         | Cleaning dryer lint does massively spike PM 2.5. As far as we
         | know, any PM 2.5 probably is bad for you and could reduce your
         | lifespan.
         | 
         | https://dynomight.net/humidifiers/
         | 
         | That being said I have no idea if it's worth wearing a mask.
         | 
         | Edit: this joke comment that struck a nerve haha
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34428710
        
       | taneq wrote:
       | > According to Chao Wang, an immunologist at Soochow University
       | and coauthor of the study, feeding mice nanoplastics induced a
       | greater overall immune response in their guts than feeding mice
       | larger microplastics.
       | 
       | Still interesting, but yes, this is in mice.
        
         | AbrahamParangi wrote:
         | Treatments (in mice) are one thing but hazards (in mice) is a
         | totally different thing. Most things that help a mouse don't
         | help us. Most things that harm a mouse _do harm us_.
        
           | xedrac wrote:
           | > Most things that help a mouse don't help us.
           | 
           | Like exercise and eating fewer calories?
        
             | thx-2718 wrote:
             | I guess those things wouldn't be included in 'Most' then.
        
       | sproketboy wrote:
       | [dead]
        
       | 29athrowaway wrote:
       | Not only small plastic but also phtalates, PFAS, lead, etc.
        
       | EMCymatics wrote:
       | One of the reasons I love Pyrex
        
         | kwhitefoot wrote:
         | So long as it isn't modern US made Pyrex which is just soda
         | glass not borosilicate.
        
           | throitallaway wrote:
           | Soda glass is likely safer than plastics when it deteriorates
           | and is subsequently ingested.
        
       | EGreg wrote:
       | Sorry people, but you can't stop it:
       | 
       | 1. https://www.euronews.com/green/2022/04/11/how-much-
       | plastic-d...
       | 
       | 2.
       | https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/mar/24/micropla...
       | 
       | 3. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/apr/15/winds-
       | ca...
       | 
       | Because humanity and capitalism's incentives are just wrong.
       | Bottling companies like Coca Cola and Snapple have long switched
       | to plastic bottles, and externalized the cost to the environment.
       | 
       | My recommendation would be to tax negative externalities and
       | redistribute all of it as a UBI to the people of the country.
       | Simple and effective, but apparently the governments have been
       | moving way too slowly.
       | 
       | What's worse is that the governments perpetuate a lie to the
       | public, making them think they can individually make a
       | difference. In the case of plastic the lie was "recycling", when
       | in fact the plastics were simply shipped to China, who dumped
       | them in landfills and rivers.
       | 
       | But the government tells the individual that they can't have a
       | plastic straw or bag. It's all there to distract the individuals
       | from banding together and demanding the costs be imposed on the
       | corporations which put out metric tons every day. I write more
       | about this phenomenon here: https://magarshak.com/blog/?p=362
       | 
       | And it's not just the bottling companies. It's all the packaging.
       | It's the clothes using synthetic fabrics like polyester, which
       | generate microplastics flushed in every wash. And so on.
       | Convenience is when you'd rather have a one-time-use spoon
       | shipped from China, than wash and re-use a spoon. Your ancestors
       | re-filled containers.
       | 
       | If we made it more costly for these companies, they'd long ago
       | have researched biodegradable alternatives.
        
         | deelowe wrote:
         | One of my favorite quotes is:
         | 
         | "A problem is a challenge with a least one workable solution. A
         | dilemma is challenge with multiple choices, all equally bad."
         | 
         | If we eliminated all PFAS chemicals today, society would
         | collapse. What's the point of eliminating PFAS chemicals to
         | improve life expectancy if the very act of doing so would cause
         | a famine?
        
           | rngname22 wrote:
           | Phasing out PFAS over a 5-10 year period or imposing a
           | steady-increasing tax on its usage (to the point that
           | eventually it became an apocalyptically high tax) would drive
           | supply chains to adapt and move to alternatives. Paper, wood,
           | metal, glass, etc. are materials that have worked fine for
           | hundreds of years.
           | 
           | Oh no, less waterproofing, what will we ever do? Guess we
           | should keep this cancer material around.
           | 
           | Oh no, we lose some classes of medications, guess we should
           | just poison the Earth and generations to come because losing
           | lipitor and prozac is just unacceptable.
        
           | nahstra wrote:
           | What products use PFAS whose absence would cause society to
           | collapse? If you look at the major sources of PFAS by 3M,
           | it's not like these were essential products. Here's a random
           | list from wisconsin.gov:
           | 
           | Cleaning products. Water-resistant fabrics, such as rain
           | jackets, umbrellas and tents. Grease-resistant paper.
           | Nonstick cookware. Personal care products, like shampoo,
           | dental floss, nail polish, and eye makeup. Stain-resistant
           | coatings used on carpets, upholstery, and other fabrics.
        
             | DubiousPusher wrote:
             | I think the biggest material impact for any curb on
             | plastics would largely be felt in medicine. Disposability
             | is huge in preventing infection. Also, many medical
             | implants rely on the combination of elasticity and strength
             | found in plastics.
        
               | barbazoo wrote:
               | Maybe focus on all the non-essential shit people buy
               | every day then first.
        
               | Taywee wrote:
               | Medical use of plactic is a minuscule minority of plastic
               | use. The vast majority of disposable, single-use plastic
               | is not actually necessary. I'd be shocked if less than
               | 90% of single-use disposable plastic was from food
               | containers. Hell, I'd be pretty surprised if it were less
               | than 99%.
        
             | 83 wrote:
             | PFAS is used in the coolant for semiconductor production.
        
             | kortex wrote:
             | Just because you don't personally encounter it, doesn't
             | mean it's non-essential.
             | 
             | Viton is essential in modern engines. Basically anywhere
             | you are in contact with gasoline, you need fluoroelastomer.
             | 
             | The entire chemicals industry - everything from medicine to
             | energy to commodity chemicals - would collapse overnight if
             | you took away teflon, viton, and PVDF. That's not
             | hyperbole, it's used everywhere and there are no drop in
             | alternatives. Silicone can fit the bill for some purposes,
             | but it has nowhere the compatibility and longevity of
             | viton. We have no real non-fluoronated alternative to
             | teflon.
        
             | deelowe wrote:
             | Anything containing "rubber."
        
               | EGreg wrote:
               | Doesn't rubber come from rubber trees? What does that
               | have to do with PFAS?
               | 
               | Teflon is not rubber, as far as I know PTFE are petro-
               | flourochemicals
        
               | kortex wrote:
               | Very little "rubber" is actual natural latex rubber.
               | Balloons, certain hose, and some gloves are natural
               | latex, as are about 40% of the material in tires. The
               | rest is synthetic elastomer. EPDM and Buna-N/nitrile are
               | probably the most common.
               | 
               | Teflon is not rubber, but viton is fluorinated elastomer,
               | and it's used everywhere as well.
        
             | adrian_b wrote:
             | There are probably no products for individual consumers
             | that contain large amounts of PFAS and that are
             | indispensable.
             | 
             | Small amounts of hard to replace PFAS may be contained in
             | devices such as antenna connectors for devices with WiFi
             | (which cannot cause pollution unless destroyed in an
             | inappropriate way).
             | 
             | Nevertheless PFAS are absolutely irreplaceable in various
             | chemical equipment used in chemical analyses and in various
             | fabrication processes, for instance in the fabrication of
             | all semiconductor devices (because no other substances have
             | comparable corrosion resistance). PFAS would also be very
             | difficult to replace in a few other applications, e.g.
             | vacuum seals and insulators for high-frequency applications
             | (as no other materials have a similar combination of low
             | dielectric constant and low losses).
             | 
             | In all such industrial applications the risks of pollution
             | are much smaller than in mass-market applications. However,
             | it is likely that after PFAS will hopefully no longer be
             | used for mass-market applications their price for
             | professional applications might increase a lot, causing
             | some price increases in other products, e.g. electronic
             | devices.
        
           | DubiousPusher wrote:
           | > IF we eliminated all PFAS chemicals today, society would
           | collapse.
           | 
           | I think this is a failure of imagination. The modern world,
           | largely as we appreciate it today, existed in 1940 in Europe
           | and the U.S. That is well before the widespread deployment of
           | plastics. It was a world in which everyone, including the
           | very rich did with a little less but still, a fairly high
           | quality of life.
           | 
           | The only question that separates then from today, is whether
           | we can scale that kind of material to the much larger global
           | middle class.
        
             | kortex wrote:
             | Synthetic chemistry in the 40s was like alchemy compared to
             | the processes today. There are myriad chemical techniques
             | and reactions that exist today, that didn't exist in the
             | 40s, and you flat out can't do without fluoropolymers,
             | because the reagents used are way too aggressive on
             | virtually everything else.
        
             | adrian_b wrote:
             | In 1940, (with the exception of primitive point-contact
             | radar diodes) there was no production of semiconductor
             | devices.
             | 
             | Without PFAS there would be no production of modern
             | electronic devices, so no computers and no mobile phones.
             | 
             | Nevertheless, unlike with PFAS used in things like clothes,
             | kitchenware or packing, when PFAS are used in industrial
             | processes or in electronic equipment (as high-frequency
             | electrical insulators or in optical devices) it is much
             | easier to avoid any pollution.
        
         | veemjeem wrote:
         | I've read that the majority of microplastics come from tire
         | wear (national geographic quoted 28% of the total), and because
         | there's no good alternative to wheel tires, it's unlikely we'll
         | see a decrease of pollution here. So even if we found an
         | alternative to bottles, plastic bags, clothing, etc, it still
         | won't make a dent in pollution unless we convince the world to
         | use a form of public transit that doesn't make use of plastic
         | tires.
         | 
         | We could reduce human consumption of the particles if we only
         | consumed lab-grown meat & hydroponically grown vegetables where
         | the water is ultra-filtered before use.
        
           | proto_lambda wrote:
           | > there's no good alternative to wheel tires
           | 
           | Steel wheels on steel tracks work pretty well, actually.
           | Admittedly brake dust is still a problem for classic
           | locomotive-pulled trains.
        
           | broguinn wrote:
           | I also learned in a Not Just Bikes video that the US tire
           | lobby prevents regulation on quieter car tires. I bet there
           | are ways to make tires that shed fewer microplastics - it's
           | just that we don't do it.
        
           | digging wrote:
           | > because there's no good alternative to wheel tires, it's
           | unlikely we'll see a decrease of pollution here
           | 
           | Well, we could stop pretending that God gave cars dominion
           | over the earth and build livable cities.
        
             | bequanna wrote:
             | Not everyone wants to live in high density urban cities.
             | 
             | Suburbs don't exist because of some big oil and auto
             | company conspiracy. They exist because they give people an
             | option they find more appealing vs urban areas.
             | 
             | You are certainly welcome to try and lure more people out
             | of the suburbs and rural areas by creating better high
             | density, carless cities. I think the issue is that when
             | people have kids, they want bigger homes, yards, more
             | privacy, lower crime, freedom of movement etc.
             | 
             | It isn't clear how to give people (in the US) the things
             | that they want and make a city walkable. If it was obvious,
             | there would be plenty of examples.
        
               | digging wrote:
               | > Suburbs don't exist because of some big oil and auto
               | company conspiracy. They exist because they give people
               | an option they find more appealing vs urban areas.
               | 
               | No, modern car-dependent suburbs actually do exist
               | because of oil and auto conspiracies. There exist options
               | between high density and car-dependency. Surburbs can be
               | walkable, and cities can have walkable low-density areas.
        
               | mike50 wrote:
               | Your typical modern American suburb is homes that would
               | be three family homes 60 years ago on land that would fit
               | three of those homes let alone a normal size house. All
               | of this is subsidized by tax write-offs and gasoline that
               | is 50% discounted relative to the rest of the developed
               | world. Not much freedom of movement when everything even
               | a neighbor is a 15 minute drive away either due to sprawl
               | or trafic.
        
               | bequanna wrote:
               | "Subsidized by tax write offs"
               | 
               | Umm, are you referring to the being able to write off
               | mortgage interest on your personal residence? What
               | exactly does this have to do with suburbs?
        
           | merlinran wrote:
           | 28% is not majority. Plus the hard part shouldn't prevent us
           | from doing the easy part with much higher ROI.
        
             | veemjeem wrote:
             | I did some more research, and it looks like tires are the
             | 2nd largest part of the pie in terms of single origin. The
             | largest is textiles which are 35%.
        
         | conradev wrote:
         | > But the government tells the individual that they can't have
         | a plastic straw or bag
         | 
         | Policies exist to improve the situation, they just need to be
         | fought for (against the bottling companies):
         | 
         | > According to the Container Recycling Institute (CRI), the
         | average nationwide recycling rate for beverage containers is
         | around 35%. By contrast, Oregon's beverage container redemption
         | rate is regularly in the 80-90% range
         | 
         | https://obrc.com/results/how-bottle-bills-compare/
         | 
         | Plastic in a landfill is actually fine, even if wasteful, as
         | long as the landfill is properly built.
        
           | XorNot wrote:
           | Plastic in landfill has the quality of being oil that won't
           | be burned.
        
         | willcipriano wrote:
         | > My recommendation would be to tax negative externalities and
         | redistribute all of it as a UBI to the people of the country.
         | Simple and effective
         | 
         | Wouldn't you want to resolve the externalities with those funds
         | instead of spending it, likely increasing consumer consumption
         | and making the problem worse?
         | 
         | > If we made it more costly for these companies
         | 
         | Why wouldn't the costs flow to consumers? Firms recently seem
         | to be able to set prices at what the market will bear.
        
           | EGreg wrote:
           | Because we'd be indirectly subsidizing _any competitor_ who
           | puts out biodegradeable solutions, without directly picking
           | winners and losers, just making it more costly to produce
           | non-biodegradeable stuff. The alternatives can come out of
           | the same department (e.g. of DuPont chemicals) and they
           | wouldn 't be hit with the same tax, so they'd be more
           | competitive over time. The money is redistributed to the
           | working class because otherwise you get this:
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_vests_protests
        
             | willcipriano wrote:
             | How do you accurately price externalities without resolving
             | them? If you spend a billion a year cleaning up plastic
             | it's pretty simple math to spread that out over the cost of
             | plastic products. On the other hand if you don't actually
             | do anything to resolve it you are just guessing on what
             | that costs and could be way over or under.
             | 
             | This seems like "I want UBI" with a flimsy environmental
             | justification.
        
               | EGreg wrote:
               | You don't need to accurately price them. You just
               | gradually keep increasing the price year over year until
               | the companies spin up R&D departments to switch to
               | biodegradable sustainable alternatives, or their
               | competitors do.
               | 
               | You have to hit those corps in their pocketbook and
               | affect their bottom line before they act. It's the only
               | thing they understand.
               | 
               | As far as cleanup - forget it. We may be able to clean up
               | the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, but we won't be able to
               | remove microplastics around the world. It is urgent we
               | stop creating MORE though. That means also mandating
               | drainage systems that filter and trap these particles
               | before they escape. We already mandate that for many
               | forms of grease!
        
               | willcipriano wrote:
               | That's not really taxing externalities. Biodegradable
               | solutions likely have externalities of their own at
               | scale. In less words this solution is "tax corporations
               | that make plastic a lot and distribute the funds to the
               | citizens leaving the mess behind for future generations".
               | It isn't as noble when put that way.
               | 
               | It you on the other hand took those funds and used them
               | for environmental clean up, recycling programs, etc I'd
               | be on board. Consumers should pay for the disposal of
               | what they consumed.
        
       | MagicMoonlight wrote:
       | That might explain why some modern children are so stupid. I have
       | young relatives who are just gone. There's nothing in their
       | heads. It's like watching a fly bash into a window.
        
         | dysoco wrote:
         | Are you sure it's not just confirmation bias plus a bad
         | perception of how smart you and your same-age friends were when
         | you were young? Sounds like that to me.
         | 
         | Kids look normal to me, some of them probably smarter than I
         | was back when I was as kid, others not so much, it's hard to
         | say based on only a few observations but it's probably the same
         | it's always been.
        
           | saiya-jin wrote:
           | This is hugely anecdotal, I can find examples of both
           | extremes and everything in the middle around me. I think its
           | rather good/poor parenting, parents not having enough time to
           | raise kids properly (hint: there is never 'too much' time you
           | spend with kids, especially young), dumbing kids down with
           | primitive addictive screen fun or social media.
           | 
           | Lacking a lot of social interaction can make otherwise smart
           | kids appear... less smart, since they may be shy, lacking
           | motivation or skill to express themselves so they can be
           | interacted with on higher level.
           | 
           | Once you filter all of this (and probably much more), and
           | still see a difference on massive scale, we can start having
           | a case.
        
         | carabiner wrote:
         | It's fun to think about what society would be like if all those
         | "kids these days" denigrations, which are thousands of years
         | old, were objectively true. The ancient greeks must have had
         | secret fusion reactors and AGI that our blithering idiot
         | archaeologists have yet to uncover. Our hypersonic aircraft are
         | no comparison to the sumerians' near-lightspeed craft. Humanity
         | has been on a downhill trajectory since the phoenicians figured
         | out gravity field manipulation. Secrets lost to time along with
         | our IQ points.
        
         | jacobsenscott wrote:
         | As a parent I know a lot of kids. Sounds like it is a problem
         | with your relatives, and not kids in general.
        
       | aero-deck wrote:
       | and we're just soooo much smarter nowadays than we were 1000
       | years ago...
        
         | burke wrote:
         | I mean the average lifespan in the year 1000 was about 31, so
         | we're doing at least a few things right.
        
           | Night_Thastus wrote:
           | Isn't that average lifespan? There was a lot of death either
           | in childbirth or during early childhood years. If you filter
           | that data out a bit, adults lived a more comparable age.
           | Still not as good as today, but not 31.
        
             | Tenoke wrote:
             | >Excluding child mortality, the average life expectancy
             | during the 12th-19th centuries was approximately 55 years
             | 
             | So still worse by whole decades than now.
             | 
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_expectancy#:~:text=Exc
             | l....
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | Yes, although lots of places (mainly in Africa) have
               | average life spans in the 50s.
               | 
               | https://www.worlddata.info/life-expectancy.php#by-
               | population
        
             | tomgp wrote:
             | TBH I'm not sure the argument that only women and those
             | under 5 were dying young in large numbers is a great
             | rebuttal to the idea that we were better off in 1023.
        
               | jazzabeanie wrote:
               | Lifespans got worse before they got better. Better to
               | reference 10,000BC than 1023AD, and that's not so clear.
        
               | Night_Thastus wrote:
               | I wasn't arguing that. Of course medical tech is better
               | now. I was saying 31 is just not a good number to claim
               | for that time period.
        
           | dekhn wrote:
           | that's dominated by child mortality; people who survived to
           | teen years typically lived much longer than 31
        
           | albrewer wrote:
           | From what I've read, if you filter out children under 5 in
           | that statistic people lived into their early 60's pretty
           | regularly.
        
             | Tade0 wrote:
             | High child mortality is still a bad thing.
        
               | albrewer wrote:
               | Not saying it's not, but the implication that everyone
               | was dying at 30 isn't true.
        
               | Tade0 wrote:
               | That's not what's implied. Only thing that was said was
               | that the average lifespan was 31. Could be any curve
               | under that number, but it's bad however you cut it.
        
             | euroderf wrote:
             | Yes. Stats about average lifetimes are quite misleading &
             | useless until you filter out child mortality.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | aero-deck wrote:
           | all the correct observations about averages aside,
           | quantity!=quality
        
       | JR1427 wrote:
       | It would be worth checking that the concentrations of
       | microplastics used in this study are of a similar concentration
       | to those found naturally. Otherwise the research is not very
       | meaningful.
        
         | shaunregenbaum wrote:
         | Tap water contains about 1.67-2.08 ug/ml of nanoplastics on the
         | larger side (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/
         | pii/S00139...)
         | 
         | So this article was working with concentrations 10x larger on
         | mice (usually worse ability to filter). Beyond that, they
         | admitted that microplastics did not induce an effect which is
         | most of the plastics found in the ocean, etc...
        
           | shawndrost wrote:
           | "1.67-2.08 ug/ml" is incorrect. Your link states "1.67-2.08
           | ug/L". In other words, the paper is about the effects of
           | nanoplastic concentrations which are 10,000x greater than in
           | tap water.
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | Many nasty chemicals are attracted to plastic particles. As
             | bad as the plastics are, they may be carrying something
             | nastier.
             | 
             | Get some nice PCBs stuck to plastic particles and they may
             | not trip contamination sensors, but get deposited in your
             | body where the PCBs become mobile again and end up in your
             | system.
        
             | bboygravity wrote:
             | Yeah ok, I'm going to keep drinking tap-water and stop
             | reading clickbait "science" articles.
        
         | nologic01 wrote:
         | Could you elaborate on naturally found microplastics?
        
           | JR1427 wrote:
           | I meant microplastic concentrations in the real world, i.e.
           | not in a lab.
           | 
           | If the concentrations of those used in a lab are far in
           | excess of those in the real world, then these results may be
           | of less concern.
        
             | JR1427 wrote:
             | In the paper they mention a concentration of 20ug/ml. I
             | haven't compared this to what is typical for drinking
             | water, food, etc.
        
           | balaji1 wrote:
           | good one haha... nologic but savage... (commenter's handle is
           | nologic, this is supposed to be a pun)
        
         | civilized wrote:
         | One relevant bit from the article:
         | 
         | > After two months of daily ingestion of nanoplastics at the
         | estimated human consumption dose, nanoplastic-exposed mice
         | exhibited reduced cognition and short-term memory as assessed
         | by standard neurological assessments such as the open-field
         | test, novel object recognition assay, and the Morris water
         | maze.
         | 
         | I'm a bit confused about whether it makes sense to feed the
         | "estimated human consumption dose" of something to a mouse when
         | a human weighs something like 2000 times as much.
        
         | zug_zug wrote:
         | Well, except in the real world whatever amount of nanoplastics
         | we're consuming we consume for decades, starting from in utero.
         | 
         | It's obviously not possible to give a mouse a smaller dose of
         | microplastics over 30 years and measure the cognitive effects.
         | 
         | This is all to say -- your prior shouldn't be "this thing that
         | was never supposed to go into the body is safe until proven
         | otherwise"
        
         | habitmelon wrote:
         | It's still worthwhile to look at 10x and 100x concentrations
         | since these things bioaccumulate. Whatever negative effects are
         | happening at 1x should be studied as we crank that
         | concentration up. Might be fine now, but in 100 years? We
         | should probably have an idea how the harm/effects scale
        
       | DoreenMichele wrote:
       | I personally try to avoid canned drinks and foods to avoid metal
       | poisoning. I typically buy two liter sodas in plastic bottles and
       | avoid softer plastics. Styrofoam cups and other styrofoam food
       | containers are awful. If you get hot food in a styrofoam go box,
       | the box is often visibly marked by contact with hot food and you
       | can smell it and taste it.
       | 
       | It's also potentially a reason to switch to an electric vehicle
       | -- to avoid exposure to gas fumes while refueling your vehicle.
       | (Or you can be "an extremist nutter" like me and give up your car
       | entirely.)
        
         | quickthrowman wrote:
         | Canned food and beverage cans are lined with epoxy or plastic.
        
           | romseb wrote:
           | This is what you ingest when you drink/eat food from a can:
           | https://youtu.be/pGZyT9vGraw?t=135
        
             | hinkley wrote:
             | When I was young and poor I used to use a spatula to get
             | the last 20 calories out of the can. Now I plop out
             | whatever comes out and then rinse the remainder down the
             | drain before dropping it into recycling. I figure some
             | large fraction of the leachate stays near the lining
             | (unless you shake vigorously, or the contents are highly
             | liquid at room temperature)
        
         | civilized wrote:
         | What is metal poisoning? Should we be concerned about it if we
         | use stainless steel containers?
        
           | DoreenMichele wrote:
           | Stainless steel is ok.
        
         | lm28469 wrote:
         | > I typically buy two liter sodas in plastic bottles and avoid
         | softer plastics.
         | 
         | If you drink that plastic is the least of your problems
         | 
         | > It's also potentially a reason to switch to an electric
         | vehicle -- to avoid exposure to gas fumes while refueling your
         | vehicle.
         | 
         | Car interiors are off-gassing nasty shit all the time,
         | especially when they sit in the sun
        
           | Taywee wrote:
           | Both of those things are straight-up improvements, even if
           | they're not perfect. You can nit-pick every single thing all
           | you want, but better is better.
        
             | digging wrote:
             | Changing the container your soda comes in is like sanding
             | off splinters from the sharpened stake you're about to stab
             | into your leg.
        
               | DoreenMichele wrote:
               | It's a lot more complicated than that.
               | 
               | And I will note that I drink a lot of tea and fruit
               | juice, which _also_ come in plastic bottles. Most drinks
               | come in plastic or metal containers these days. Most of
               | the time, I buy mine in plastic containers.
               | 
               | I wish it were different and I've lived without a car for
               | more than a decade in the US. Try advocating for a less
               | car dependent infrastructure in the US. It gets you
               | mostly pissed on.
               | 
               | Individuals have limits on how much they can control
               | given the larger context of the world they live in.
               | Attacking my consumption of cola drinks as the focus
               | willfully ignores my real point that styrofoam food
               | containers are dramatically worse than plastic bottles.
        
               | carabiner wrote:
               | Not complicated. US has normalized sugar addiction and
               | obesity. Rest of the world sees this as fucking bizarre,
               | like pretending that cigarettes are ok as long as you
               | don't have cancer at the moment.
        
               | DoreenMichele wrote:
               | A. I only drink diet coke. It contains no sugar.
               | 
               | B. I have a genetic disorder. Diet coke contains extracts
               | from the coca plant -- thus the name "Coca Cola" -- minus
               | the hallucinogen cocaine. They have medicinal effects on
               | the gut and lungs, both important systems significantly
               | impacted by my genetic disorder.
               | 
               | C. Before someone else jumps up to tell me I'm evil
               | incarnate, diet coke is the only thing I consume that
               | contains sugar substitutes. I generally avoid them as
               | well. And I drink no other cola drinks. Full stop.
               | 
               | I generally don't discuss this on HN. I don't intend to
               | discuss it further in this thread. Note to self: I
               | thought it was just a few of my relatives who were
               | nutters who believe all sodas are the work of the devil
               | and if you have any health issues and ever drink a single
               | drop of cola, your health problems are entirely your
               | fault for drinking colas. But, no, there are more people
               | out there cast from the same mold.
               | 
               | Edit: comment not 100 percent accurate. I also drink
               | ginger ale. Feeling like you need to defend your personal
               | choices at gun point from judgy random internet strangers
               | is not the best means to engage in meaningful discussion.
        
               | digging wrote:
               | I'm sorry that I contributed to a judgmental discussion.
               | I was being glib and short-sighted.
        
               | timeon wrote:
               | > Most drinks come in plastic or metal containers these
               | days.
               | 
               | But do people buy those drinks daily? I drink mostly just
               | tap water - because it is convenient - as it is almost
               | everywhere.
        
               | DoreenMichele wrote:
               | I live in a 100 year old building with lots of plumbing
               | issues. I don't trust my tap water. I limit my
               | consumption of it.
               | 
               | So, yes, I buy such drinks -- and consume them --
               | _daily_.
               | 
               | This is possibly a class issue. Lots of people in the
               | world lack reliable access to clean water. There are
               | entire charities devoted to trying to remedy that fact.
        
               | Taywee wrote:
               | That's a ridiculous analogy. What about suger-free sodas,
               | or sparkling water without even artificial sweeteners?
               | What about people who drink soda, but still don't go over
               | the daily recommended sugar intake, and otherwise have
               | healthy lifestyles?
               | 
               | I'd be willing to make two assumptions:
               | 
               | 1. A gaping wound in your leg is probably less healthy
               | than a moderately-high sugar consumption.
               | 
               | 2. People who are concerned about nanoplastic intake are
               | probably also concerned about deleterious health effects
               | of things like sugar intake.
        
               | ifyoubuildit wrote:
               | I think sparkling water is a great alternative, but I'm
               | skeptical that all the fake sugars will turn out to be
               | much better in the end. We seem to have a habit of
               | replacing known bad things with things that we just
               | haven't found out are bad yet.
        
               | digging wrote:
               | > 1. A gaping wound in your leg is probably less healthy
               | than a moderately-high sugar consumption.
               | 
               | I didn't saw they were equivalent, I just said they're
               | similar. They're in fact two totally different categories
               | of "unhealthy", which is why I used them. Because over a
               | 20-year period, most stab wounds go away completely,
               | while the effects of sugar intake tend to compound.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | samstave wrote:
           | Exactly!
           | 
           | I dont think I have had a 'soda' in at least 15 years.
           | 
           | I havent been able to avoid plastic in my life - but I try.
           | 
           | For example, pretty much every spoon in my drawer is Bamboo.
           | 
           | I have a 'hippy' friend, and he has nearly zero plastic in
           | his kitchen - and he exclusively eats with wooden utensils,
           | stoneware or wooden bowls.
           | 
           | I think that ALL single-use-plastics should be replaced by
           | corn-plant-based materials.
           | 
           | Single use plastic should be taken out as aggressively as the
           | nazis! :-)
           | 
           | Its so bad for everything.
           | 
           | We should also be burning down DOW Chemical and the major
           | plastic manufacturers for their lack of any accountability,
           | responsibility.
           | 
           | Look at the documentary "the devil we know" about Teflon.
        
             | jackothy wrote:
             | Why bamboo or wood spoons/utensils instead of stainless
             | steel? I would imagine the wood will crack or break after a
             | while, and is harder to clean properly.
        
             | culopatin wrote:
             | You seem to imply that there is plastic in metal spoons
             | since you avoid the material in your examples. I'm yet to
             | open a drawer full of plastic spoons, most of them are
             | stainless, why bring those up in your example in
             | particular?
        
         | McSwag wrote:
         | You can't get metal poisoning from cans...because they're lined
         | with BPA! :)
        
       | Solvency wrote:
       | So do seed oils and other PUFAs and a thousand other things and
       | if anyone would just listen to a podcast once in a while (like
       | Peter Attia's) they'd learn a thing or two.
        
         | machinawhite wrote:
         | I'm not sure I can imagine something more painful than
         | listening to people that I find absolutely uninteresting
         | nerding out about microplastics for 3 hours but ok
        
         | digging wrote:
         | > just listen to a podcast once in a while
         | 
         | Sorry, but this just sounds so silly. If only I would take a
         | little bit of time out of my day to pick one of the 45 new
         | podcasts created that morning and learn from its reliable, well
         | sourced arguments!
        
           | throitallaway wrote:
           | Is "listen to a podcast" the new "read a book"?
        
             | ch4s3 wrote:
             | No, it's far worse. You can churn out junk podcast content
             | at a pretty impressive rate, hours a day if you wanted.
        
               | euroderf wrote:
               | Robots! We'll do it with chatty, witty robots!
        
         | stevebmark wrote:
         | The people who think seed oils are unhealthy and cause
         | inflammation are up there with the most ignorant folks in
         | nutrition.
        
           | ch4s3 wrote:
           | Hearing someone say "seed oils" is a good shibboleth for
           | knowing that your time is about to be wasted.
        
           | z9e wrote:
           | So, trans fats which are a known contributor to heart disease
           | are healthy now?
        
       | brianbreslin wrote:
       | I wonder if this will eventually make farmed fish the only safe
       | type of fish to eat. We can control their environment and define
       | what they ingest.
        
       | reset2023 wrote:
       | Coca Cola is to plastic what oil is to Exxon, and what food is to
       | Monsanto. The CEO of coca cola and his team of scientist in 1978
       | are responsible for this. Extremely intelligent but extremely
       | unconscious.
        
         | titzer wrote:
         | They'd make their containers out of pickled baby faces, set up
         | their factory next to a nuclear waste disposal site, and whip
         | children who nod off during their 18 hour shifts if it saved
         | one goddamn cent per bottle.
        
           | colpabar wrote:
           | And we'd all keep drinking coke products as long as they
           | express the correct opinions and put flags on their pfps when
           | appropriate on twitter.
        
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