[HN Gopher] Grass Makes Better Ethanol Than Corn Does (2008)
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       Grass Makes Better Ethanol Than Corn Does (2008)
        
       Author : dmbche
       Score  : 28 points
       Date   : 2023-06-07 21:31 UTC (1 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.scientificamerican.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.scientificamerican.com)
        
       | bumby wrote:
       | Isn't part of the idea that corn makes more sense to subsidize
       | because it multi-use? I.e., it can be food and fuel?
       | 
       | > _" This is an energy crop that can be grown on marginal land,"_
       | 
       | This seems like the lede and comparison to corn is missing point
       | and opening itself up to counterpoints that detract from the
       | value of using grass on land that would otherwise probably only
       | be used for grazing.
        
         | dragontamer wrote:
         | The land-conversion from forest or grassland into farmland is a
         | surprisingly large effect on the environment.
         | 
         | Making Ethanol from natural grasses and keeping the land
         | natural is one of the best things we can do for the
         | environment, as well as creating an alternative means of
         | capturing solar energy.
         | 
         | You know... if we can get it to be commercially successful. If
         | we can't sell the darn thing, then it'd never happen. But the
         | theory is sound and enough prototypes have been created that we
         | know how this works.
        
           | bumby wrote:
           | How much current grassland is used for grazing? Works there
           | be any potential pushback from, say, cattle ranchers who
           | would be otherwise using the land or is there a plentiful
           | amount of otherwise land unused for agriculture?
        
       | rdevsrex wrote:
       | Who didn't already get that ethanol was about corn subsidies and
       | not the environment?
        
       | phtrivier wrote:
       | The article is from 2008. What happened in the 15 next years on
       | this front ? Is any biofuel actually produced this way ? How many
       | cars can use it ?
       | 
       | Or is the submission a troll on modeling ?
        
         | sidewndr46 wrote:
         | Well, this happened for one:
         | https://www.clarionledger.com/story/news/politics/2017/07/30...
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/biofuels/ethanol-supply....
         | 
         | https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=27&t=4
         | 
         | https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=90&t=4
         | 
         | https://apnews.com/article/ethanol-e15-gasoline-midwest-epa-...
         | 
         | Coincidently, increasing EV sales threatens ethanol production,
         | so there are calls for increasing ethanol in fuels to
         | compensate. Subsidies typically don't die quietly,
         | unfortunately.
        
           | jerrysievert wrote:
           | > Coincidently, increasing EV sales threatens ethanol
           | production, so there are calls for increasing ethanol in
           | fuels to compensate.
           | 
           | I already have to search out "clear" gas to gain back the 25%
           | mpg loss I receive when I use ethanol (currently 15% I
           | believe in Oregon?).
           | 
           | I fear what adding more will do. if I don't use clear gas, I
           | have to run my car a lot more often, which is also not good.
        
             | sidewndr46 wrote:
             | I accidentally got ethanol free gas one time and was
             | baffled at the sky high fuel economy I was getting for that
             | whole tank.
        
             | soperj wrote:
             | I noticed a massive difference in L/100Km when i filled up
             | in the US vs Canada. It was unquestionably cheaper to fill
             | up though.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | Gordonjcp wrote:
       | Meanwhile as part of the process of making plastics, we're
       | flaring off enough propane and butane to run millions of cars.
        
       | mewse-hn wrote:
       | "It's a prediction because right now there are no biorefineries
       | built that handle cellulosic material" like that which
       | switchgrass provides
       | 
       | so.. nobody can ferment it but it gives a higher ethanol yield
       | than corn.. how does that work
        
       | dmbche wrote:
       | This video is an interesting look at this whole
       | issue:(Engineering Explained - America Was Wrong About Ethanol)
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F-yDKeya4SU
       | 
       | Especially his summary, where corn creates 20 percent less GHG
       | than gasoline and ''breaks even'' after 28 years, while
       | switchgrass creates 94% less GHG and breaks even in it's first
       | year.
        
         | jvanderbot wrote:
         | Switchgrass farmers don't vote enough. The whole ethanol thing
         | was just to prop up corn prices and production during election
         | runs.
        
           | PaulHoule wrote:
           | How practical is it really? They've been talking about
           | ethanol from cellulosic biomass since at least the 1970s but
           | progress seems about as fast as fast breeder reactors.
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | The idea looks sound, but cellulose is hard to break down.
             | If it wasn't bacteria would have figure it out long ago
             | (before the dinosaurs ago)
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | There's a number of animals called Ruminants that do it
               | regularly no?
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | No, that's not right. Cellulose decomposition is easy.
               | You are probably thinking about lignin decomposition,
               | which is typically done by fungi, not bacteria.
        
           | changoplatanero wrote:
           | And to make things worse, corn farmers are concentrated in
           | Iowa which was one of the first states in the presidential
           | primary. So they had outsized influence over who gets chosen
           | as president and what campaign promises they have to make in
           | order to get elected.
        
             | sidewndr46 wrote:
             | one of the first? Don't they literally have laws requiring
             | them to have the first presidential primary?
        
         | soperj wrote:
         | It was never about GHGs, always about subsidizing corn farmers.
        
         | hawk_ wrote:
         | Thanks for that summary, the video doesn't say much more other
         | than repeat these things over and over.
         | 
         | One thing that wasn't clear is why does tilling the land
         | release so much carbon into the atmosphere?
        
           | toomuchtodo wrote:
           | Tilling the soil in conventional farming creates large air
           | pockets which fill up with oxygen, where microbes then turn
           | carbon in the soil into CO2.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | myshpa wrote:
       | Corn-Based Ethanol May Be Worse For the Climate Than Gasoline, a
       | New Study Finds (2022)
       | 
       | Long touted as a renewable fuel emitting 20 percent fewer
       | greenhouse gasses than gasoline, ethanols' emissions may be 24
       | percent higher.
       | 
       | https://insideclimatenews.org/news/16022022/corn-ethanol-gas...
       | 
       | https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.2101084119
        
         | credit_guy wrote:
         | In reality ethanol is not used as a renewable fuel, although it
         | is touted as such. It is simply used to increase the octane
         | rating of gasoline. Without ethanol we'd need lead. Or some
         | stuff that would be worse. Or, we'd put up with the lower
         | octane rating, and so less efficient engines, and fewer mpg,
         | and more CO2 emissions.
        
       | bluGill wrote:
       | Corn is a type of grass. So is sugarcane. (The article is about
       | switchgrass, not generic grass)
       | 
       | I know attempts have been made to use more than just the corn
       | seed into ethanol. The big disadvantage is that you take away a
       | lot of nutrients from the soil forever. Sulphur for example
       | doesn't go back, and so the more of the plant you take away, the
       | more you have to add back as fertilizer .
        
         | pstuart wrote:
         | seems like the waste from digesters could be returned back as
         | fertilizer.
        
         | sidewndr46 wrote:
         | If only there were at thick black viscous substance rich in
         | sulfur that was present in the Earth's crust we could harvest
         | easily, then extract the sulfur, & then use to create
         | fertilizer.
        
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       (page generated 2023-06-07 23:01 UTC)