[HN Gopher] When photography "produces something other than phot...
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       When photography "produces something other than photographs"
        
       Author : chippy
       Score  : 87 points
       Date   : 2023-06-01 10:45 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (we-make-money-not-art.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (we-make-money-not-art.com)
        
       | cryptonector wrote:
       | How does this AI sound camera thing detect color? I can see such
       | a device seeing shapes and movements, but not _color_.
        
         | mzs wrote:
         | Maybe because he trained it on Mexico City videos and as an
         | example in the subway for those particular sounds the ANN best
         | matched the subway, the subway where in the training set the
         | trains were that color.
         | 
         | That was a great question BTW!
        
       | johnp271 wrote:
       | This artist's several sentence summary of an ANN and relating it
       | to prejudice is fascinating: "The output of an artificial neural
       | network can be roughly defined as a conclusion obtained by
       | generalising a limited set of observations. Surprisingly
       | prejudice can be defined in the same way. This will always be a
       | problem with systems that generalize information. No matter how
       | large and representative a dataset might be there will always be
       | an eccentric outlier that will break the system." On the one hand
       | this succinctly sums up the challenges we face with AI systems
       | becoming more and more ubiquitous and on the other hand the
       | reality we non-artifical intellegent humans face in living our
       | lives and dealing with day to day encounters.
        
         | jchw wrote:
         | It's interesting. Everybody is always talking about creating
         | unbiased machine learning models, but we're still no closer to
         | cracking the code on unbiased humans.
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | I'm not biased. It's everyone else that is.
        
           | Solvency wrote:
           | In the data sense isn't bias literally just the result of
           | limited/narrow data? So isn't the problem not in how you
           | train models but simply the fact that it's
           | impossible/exceeding difficult to provide omnipotent and
           | universal data?
        
             | bravura wrote:
             | Bias of a data set is when it doesn't reflect the true
             | underlying distribution of nature.
             | 
             | So a face corpus with only white faces doesn't reflect the
             | diversity of faces one encounters in the world.
             | 
             | With that said, unbiasing data is extremely difficult
             | because the true distribution of things is unknown and
             | sometimes subjective. The visual images you would encounter
             | as a human from birth to death growing up in a first world
             | country would be very different from that of a drone's
             | video camera. Are we really sure that imagenet should be K%
             | animals and not K/2% animals? And if you train a machine
             | learning algorithm on every possible image with every
             | possible pixel, it will just learn noise.
        
         | giantg2 wrote:
         | "The output of an artificial neural network can be roughly
         | defined as a conclusion obtained by generalising a limited set
         | of observations. Surprisingly prejudice can be defined in the
         | same way."
         | 
         | Not really surprising. The first thing they teach in data
         | science is that bias is everywhere. One of the first things
         | taught in programming is garbage in garbage out and that
         | computers do _exactly_ what we tell them. Once you start making
         | decisions with biased data you will start to prejudice some
         | group.
         | 
         | The quest for non-biases systems is a little like a perpetual
         | motion machine. If we all have biases and these machines learn
         | from the same data we do, using systems we write, how could one
         | expect a different outcome?
         | 
         | The
        
           | nerpderp82 wrote:
           | This is why you strive to identify the biases and move them
           | from system 1 to system 2 thinking. AI will help humanity
           | operate in a direct cognitive regime rather than sub-
           | conscious one.
        
             | bequanna wrote:
             | Not all or even most subconscious influence on decision
             | making is bad. There is plenty we can't yet quantify and
             | fully understand.
        
         | bravura wrote:
         | There is a classic thereom from computational learning theory
         | that says, if all hypotheses are equally likely, then no
         | generalization can happen. Ie bias is necessary for learning.
         | 
         | To respond to some sibling comments: Yup, this is prejudice.
         | I'll try to analogize the thereom with an example: Without
         | prejudice, you can't recognize a leaf in a figure, because
         | alternate hypotheses (there are an arbitrary number of things
         | in this universe that look like leaves but in fact are not) are
         | equally likely.
         | 
         | My advisor one told me that machine learning is the study of
         | biases.
         | 
         | "Without the aid of prejudice and custom, I should not be able
         | to find my way across the room." - William Hazlitt
        
           | etrautmann wrote:
           | Isn't this more a study of priors and statistics than bias?
           | Bias would be an error between some latent underlying value
           | and an estimate of it.
        
         | BurningFrog wrote:
         | This labels all imperfection in reasoning "prejudice".
         | 
         | Seems like a biased premise.
        
           | jnovek wrote:
           | Definition 1 of prejudice in a lazy google search is
           | "preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual
           | experience." Certainly that figures into most reasoning,
           | considering that perfect information is impossible.
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | That definition seems to cover _everything you 've learned_
             | a textbook, video, lecture, another person, or in any other
             | indirect way, and which you didn't have an opportunity to
             | think through yet.
             | 
             | Which is... most of the thing people know? Including,
             | ironically, this very definition, which I learned about
             | from a HN comment that quoted a Google search result...
        
             | mc32 wrote:
             | I guess it depends on what we define reason and reasoning
             | as. Are the rules a "reason" even if not "reasoning"?
        
           | jmbwell wrote:
           | It doesn't label. It doesn't do anything to "all" of
           | anything. It doesn't refer to any "imperfection," and it
           | doesn't address "reasoning."
           | 
           | This is a misrepresentation of the parent comment and the
           | article.
        
       | chrisweekly wrote:
       | Interesting article about an extremely thoughtful artist. I liked
       | this quote, "...artwork can be seen as an interface to experience
       | the world. This makes the artwork akin to a scientific
       | experiment, but while the experiment seeks to provide objective
       | and repeatable knowledge, the artwork provides meaning and
       | alternate points of view."
        
         | saiya-jin wrote:
         | I try to look at modern art with similar lens, that way I can
         | accept and tolerate at least some of them while pondering about
         | their effects on me, and even find beauty in few.
         | 
         | But I have to ignore what giants like Rembrandt achieved, how
         | much effort they put in and how universal those messages are.
         | And sure as hell I can't and don't want to ignore that.
         | 
         | I guess I'll stay in the museums of the old masters (but not
         | too old).
        
           | MiddleEndian wrote:
           | >I guess I'll stay in the museums of the old masters (but not
           | too old).
           | 
           | On the other hand, I really enjoy the medieval art where
           | there is absolutely no perspective and everything is the
           | wrong size. I'd go to an exhibit just for that.
        
           | hef19898 wrote:
           | I am somehow drawn to the old Dutch masters and early
           | Impressionists. Previously, I never was much of an art guy,
           | since I took up photography again I look at art differently.
           | Especially the play with light and shadows, composition amd
           | colours.
           | 
           | I guess the closer paintings are to reality, the more I can
           | take from them, and thus I am drawn more to them. For more
           | abstract works I need time. Strangely, I develop a fondness
           | for some of Dali's work... That being said, when visiting the
           | van Gogh museum, I much preferred his earlier work more
           | resembling the old Dutch masters. Still do.
        
           | thinkyfish wrote:
           | You bring up an interesting point, not all modern art is
           | directed at anyone other than the artist themselves. Its less
           | likely in that framework that a particular artist just
           | happens to create art that most people would also like and
           | create a name for themselves and there are fewer trying to
           | show off an absurd quantity of craftsmanship in a single
           | work.
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | I like the site in general for its dedication to Hard Art. I
         | used to visit at least weekly some ten years ago just to inhale
         | a little bit of that European-tinged creativity. I'm happy to
         | see it make the front page of HN. I should return to visiting
         | more often.
        
       | webel0 wrote:
       | I like the effort that the artist put into designing objects that
       | we might consider to be strictly functional. For example, his
       | data collection device and even the suit he worse to do data
       | collection.
        
       | lo_zamoyski wrote:
       | Artists (specifically conceptual artists) are generally poor
       | philosophers. You can expect a sort of a hodge-podge of presently
       | fashionable ideas combined with some colloquial observations,
       | banality, and inscrutable turns of phrase.
       | 
       | Take the distinction between the natural and the artificial. A
       | colloquial distinction is not especially sensible. It's some kind
       | of conflation between "man-made", not occurring in "nature" and
       | "fake" which confuses a few notions that are not mutually
       | dependent on one another.
       | 
       | In the first case, that something is man-made merely means that
       | human beings made it. Water can be synthesized, but there is no
       | difference between the water we find around us and the water we
       | can synthesize. Human production involves the use of reason to
       | modify or transform existing things to produce something else.
       | But transformation of things is very much universal. Our cells
       | transform things. Non-human animals and plants transform things.
       | Stars transform things. The universe is in a constant flux of
       | transformation. While only human beings are known to produce
       | plastic (as far as I know), there is no reason in principle why
       | other life forms or physical processes might not effect plastic.
       | 
       | In the second case, the notion of "nature" is a vague, largely
       | romantic idea that doesn't seem to mean anything more than
       | everything that isn't Man or man-made. Distinguishing Man from
       | the rest of the universe is not unreasonable for certain
       | metaphysical reasons (for example, the capacity for reason and
       | thus moral responsibility; artifact as a product of deliberately
       | and directly rational activity). But whence the sense of
       | alienation? Perhaps this has to do with human moral failure.
       | Traditionally, in the Jewish and Christian traditions, men were
       | understood to be stewards of creation (pagan cultures tended
       | toward pantheism which incidentally stifled their scientific
       | development; modernism tends to denigrate the world by adopting a
       | desiccated and reductive metaphysics which, while perhaps
       | practical in some cases, is false). Stewardship is a
       | responsibility and thus a failure in this regard can create a
       | sense of rift.
       | 
       | In the third case, "artificial" can mean "fake", something
       | presented as something it is not. But the mere fact that
       | something is man-made doesn't mean it is "fake", and artifactual
       | identity is dependent in part on the cultural conventions it is
       | embedded in.
       | 
       | "Nature", in a traditional metaphysical sense, is merely the
       | nature of a thing. There is human nature, the nature of plastic,
       | the nature of water or trees or whatever. These are all real
       | things and their nature is what makes them what they are. Thus,
       | the "unnatural" is that which is opposed to the nature of a thing
       | doing it. We say that a desire to eat glass or Styrofoam is
       | unnatural because the consumption of it has no nutritive value,
       | and the desire to eat is per se ordered toward nutrition. Thus we
       | say that the desire to eat glass or Styrofoam is disordered, even
       | intrinsically disordered. Wishing to cut your arm off is
       | unnatural because human nature is ordered toward self-
       | preservation. "Nature" is very teleological, in other words, but
       | it is _the_ basis for normativity.
        
         | George83728 wrote:
         | So I take it you're a conceptual artist?
        
         | stubybubs wrote:
         | So... sounds like this artist statement on the distinction
         | between the natural and the engineered has caused you to think
         | about yourself, which is kind of the point?
        
         | thanatropism wrote:
         | I think artists are compelled to produce "artist statements"
         | about their work, and in tune with current intellectual
         | fashions too. This is a little like complaining that Ariana
         | Grande wears stupid clothes.
        
       | mgdlbp wrote:
       | That's a different lensless camera art project than yesterday's
       | (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36139729). Related list of
       | lists:
       | 
       | https://github.com/golanlevin/ExperimentalCapture/blob/maste...
       | 
       | https://www.fotomuseum.ch/en/situations-post/vernetzte-kamer...
       | 
       | https://unthinking.photography/imgexhaust/three-new-cameras
       | "Don't tell me you're going to use that smartphone for night
       | photography."            "My camera is augmented."
        
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       (page generated 2023-06-02 23:02 UTC)