[HN Gopher] Software licenses masquerading as open source
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       Software licenses masquerading as open source
        
       Author : andy99
       Score  : 48 points
       Date   : 2023-06-01 18:42 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (marble.onl)
 (TXT) w3m dump (marble.onl)
        
       | 2h wrote:
       | I often use non commercial license:
       | 
       | https://polyformproject.org/licenses/noncommercial/1.0.0/
       | 
       | And without fail, people will howl ITS NOT OPEN SOURCE. They
       | ignore that the code is on GitHub, and as long as you're not
       | trying to make money with it, then do whatever you want with it.
       | I don't like the idea of companies getting code for free and
       | giving nothing back. I do like to support people who want my
       | software for personal use.
        
         | candiddevmike wrote:
         | How do you see yourself enforcing that license?
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | 0x0000000 wrote:
         | So license it AGPL if you're worried about them giving back.
         | Trust me, AGPL alone will almost totally discourage commercial
         | use, and then your software will actually be open source, not
         | just source available.
        
         | scj wrote:
         | https://polyformproject.org/what-is-polyform/
         | 
         | "PolyForm is not... Open source or free software."
        
         | jraph wrote:
         | > If you make any written claim that the software infringes or
         | contributes to infringement of any patent, your patent license
         | for the software granted under these terms ends immediately.
         | 
         | This seems quite abusive. If I notice that using your software
         | put people at risk of infringing some patent, I should be free
         | to warn people about it.
         | 
         | Usually patent clauses are revoked when the user sues the
         | author over patent infringement and this is arguably already
         | bad (though I have no sympathy for patents, one could argue
         | that it's fair game).
         | 
         | But this clause is quite nasty.
        
         | jraph wrote:
         | That's because there are legitimate commercial uses. I'm sure
         | you could find some cases that you would agree with. For
         | instance would you disagree with your baker who does not make
         | an insane amount of money to use your software? or some group
         | of people paid to work towards a cause close to your heart? NC
         | makes your software far less useful and may have unintended
         | consequences. Free software is also a means for the human
         | civilization to build public commons cooperatively and NC
         | prevents that a bit. Many desirable and useful things are made
         | in a commercial setting. Unfortunately, people need money to
         | live. Non commercial stuff can only happen in the time that
         | remains.
         | 
         | Even in this time left: I'm in a choir that does not make any
         | profit. Can we use your NC software even if we pay our director
         | or if we make people coming to our concerts pay? In doubt I
         | would not.
         | 
         | You could make your code open source copyleft (so people cannot
         | lock you out by building closed software from your code), and
         | distribute binaries with a more restrictive license that people
         | who need to use them commercially need to pay. As such you have
         | your free software, people with commercial needs give back by
         | paying you and people with non commercial needs can use your
         | software for free. People with commercial needs could compile
         | your software from source but probably won't and probably be
         | happy to pay you a few bucks.
         | 
         | I work for a software company that develops an open source wiki
         | enginr (XWiki) and also sell paid GPL'd extension. People
         | actually pay. It helps founding further developments on the
         | wiki engine and the extensions. See also premium WordPress
         | extensions, or open source apps on the Play Store that are
         | downloadable for a few bucks. As a dev, it's gratifying and
         | your users' liberties are respected. I can't recommend this
         | model enough. It can also enable commercial users to contribute
         | code instead of having to find alternatives and directing their
         | money elsewhere. I really believe an open source license can
         | greatly benefit you and your software, helping a community to
         | gather around it. NC will strongly limit how big this community
         | can be.
         | 
         | You could also make your binaries downloadable for a fee for
         | everyone and send them for free to whoever sends you a message
         | telling you they want to use your software in a non commercial
         | setting.
         | 
         | In any case, you do you and that's already very nice to provide
         | the source code.
        
         | bityard wrote:
         | Well I clicked on the site and I don't see anywhere where you
         | call it open source software, in fact your FAQ explicitly says
         | that the licenses you provide are not open source.
         | 
         | So what's the matter with just defending that position? Or
         | ignoring those who don't read? People are allowed to not like
         | software that's not open source. (And open source DOES have a
         | particular definition. Which is very much not, "it's on github
         | so it must be open source!")
        
         | JohnTHaller wrote:
         | The source is available, but it is not open source by the
         | accepted definition used within the open source community:
         | https://opensource.org/osd/
         | 
         | Lots of source available projects are not open source. The
         | source code being available on GitHub means that the source is
         | available, not that it is open. I can post my copyrighted
         | source code only permits me to use it in a project on GitHub.
         | That doesn't make it open.
        
         | ilyt wrote:
         | > And without fail, people will howl ITS NOT OPEN SOURCE. They
         | ignore that the code is on GitHub, and as long as you're not
         | trying to make money with it, then do whatever you want with it
         | 
         | Could just... not say that it is open source when it is not.
         | The widely used definition of open is not limiting the usage of
         | the code, not "just" showing the source code.
         | 
         | "All rights reserved" code is still all rights reserved even if
         | you put the code out there.
         | 
         | > I don't like the idea of companies getting code for free and
         | giving nothing back.
         | 
         | Doesn't GPL/AGPL prevent that enough?
        
           | majormajor wrote:
           | It's not clear here if the poster you're replying to claims
           | it's "open source" or if it's just source code on Github with
           | a non-commercial license itself that offends some.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | NotYourLawyer wrote:
           | It is open source. It's just not free.
           | 
           | There's been a lot of effort to conflate those terms over the
           | years.
        
             | josephcsible wrote:
             | Are you saying the Open Source Definition isn't the
             | definition of open source?
        
               | NotYourLawyer wrote:
               | https://opensource.org/osd/
               | 
               | I'm saying that there is a large amount of software out
               | there that calls itself open source but that doesn't meet
               | these terms.
        
               | ilyt wrote:
               | ...like ? Where is that "large amount"?
               | 
               | The two I remember (Mongo and Elastic) were shat on for
               | their license change and fake open source.
        
               | jraph wrote:
               | I have never run into such software and it would be wrong
               | to do this. Open source is a well understood and non-
               | controversial designation. If you are a developer you
               | have run into the OSD for sure and therefore, even if you
               | don't agree with this use of the expression, if your goal
               | is to be clear and understood, you'd be a fool to call
               | your software open source if it does not use an OSI
               | approved license because it would be confusing and you'd
               | be aware of this fact.
               | 
               | The usual qualifier for software with source available is
               | source-available. There's no doubt about it.
               | 
               | We really don't need even more confusion around the terms
               | of free software and open source than we already have.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | Open Source is quite a strange term, and the only reason
               | one would use it to refer to something other than an OSI-
               | approved license is to intentionally cause confusion for
               | users.
        
           | LadyCailin wrote:
           | To me, "open source" means you can see the source code. "Free
           | software" means you don't have to pay for the binary. "Libre
           | software" means you can do what you like with the software.
           | The terms get conflated, but it seems to me that when you
           | want to argue semantics, these are quite clear definitions.
        
             | rhn_mk1 wrote:
             | They might be clear, but they are not universally accepted.
             | Ultimately, usage makes the definition.
        
               | ilyt wrote:
               | And doing that should be condemned, especially that in
               | this case it is mostly to further corporate interest.
               | 
               | What next, gotta call Windows "open source"?
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | > gotta call Windows "open source"?
               | 
               | Just wait. That's coming.
        
             | josephcsible wrote:
             | > To me, "open source" means you can see the source code.
             | 
             | To me, "sugar" means cane sugar, so I should be able to
             | call food that's full of HFCS "sugar free".
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | I mean, might as well go with if you don't have to pay
               | for the sugar, you can call it "sugar free".
        
             | pessimizer wrote:
             | To me, "Open Source" means an OSI-approved license, and
             | "Free Software" means a FSF-approved license. Any
             | redefinition of these (quite strange) terms means that
             | somebody is trying to make money piggybacking off of the
             | goodwill that FOSS has generated.
             | 
             | If your source is available, tell people that your source
             | is available. If you're not going to charge for your
             | software, call it "free software" if you want to confuse
             | people, say it's available for free if you don't. Otherwise
             | I'm going to start selling apples that are 30% plastic as
             | _organic._
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | > To me, "Open Source" means an OSI-approved license, and
               | "Free Software" means a FSF-approved license.
               | 
               | I mostly agree, although I don't think they have to use
               | the official licenses to qualify for the terms. Your
               | license does have to adhere to the underlying principles
               | those official licenses are built on, though!
               | 
               | And this is where things fall down a bit, because too
               | many people don't understand that these terms have very
               | specific meanings and end up misusing them.
        
             | ilyt wrote:
             | It's not to the law. The fact you see the source doesn't
             | mean you can just take and use it.
             | 
             | > "Libre software" means you can do what you like with the
             | software. The terms get conflated, but it seems to me that
             | when you want to argue semantics, these are quite clear
             | definitions.
             | 
             | The term was perfectly clear before people like you tried
             | to conflate it by throwing bullshit terms like "libre
             | software"
        
             | mook wrote:
             | My understanding is that "you can see the source code" is
             | typically labeled "source available". "Don't have to pay
             | for the binary" is sometimes "free as in beer", or if
             | you're using floppy disks, "freeware" (though that term
             | seems to have fallen out of use).
        
               | LordDragonfang wrote:
               | >typically labeled "source available"
               | 
               | I have literally only seen Free Software folks claiming
               | this in similar discussions to this, and have not once
               | seen that term used in practice (I'm sure you can find at
               | least one example, but it's far from being common). The
               | _typical_ term for this is still  "open source" whether
               | it technically conforms to the OSI definition or not.
        
               | ilyt wrote:
               | Yes, the people who created invented what open source is
               | are the folks claiming that, how bizzare /s
               | 
               | And corporations that try to get some free marketing and
               | code I guess.
               | 
               | The term is clear - lack of limitations of usage for the
               | code makes it open source. If you put any limitations,
               | whether noncommercial, "not for evil" etc. it stops being
               | open.
               | 
               | It's not hard. If you close a door, it's not open
               | anymore.
        
         | pantojax45 wrote:
         | > And without fail, people will howl ITS NOT OPEN SOURCE.
         | 
         | Right, they mean that, as a user, you are not free to use the
         | software for any purpose, nor are you free to change it in any
         | way. Whether open source is morally/ethically better is
         | separate from its definition.
         | 
         | It's fine for you to say you only want to support non-
         | commercial use, but if you call it "Open Source" it dilutes the
         | definition.
        
         | WWLink wrote:
         | If you were claiming that your project was free and open source
         | on the front page, that would be very misleading and dangerous
         | for software engineers at a company who may inadvertently use
         | your code at their job in a professional manner and then get
         | their employer sued for violating the terms of the license. I'm
         | not sure how well that would hold up in court, because every
         | other "free for non-commercial use" license I've seen was VERY
         | up-front about that and had some call-out for professional-use
         | license pricing.
         | 
         | Using dubious marketing for a software product that isn't free
         | for all uses would only tarnish the reputation of open source
         | projects that ARE free. Eventually you get a company where
         | someone was familiar with a lawsuit and makes a rule where
         | using open source code is forbidden. Is that the path you want
         | to go down?
        
           | drewcoo wrote:
           | > that would be very misleading and dangerous for software
           | engineers at a company who may inadvertently use your code at
           | their job in a professional manner and then get their
           | employer sued for violating the terms of the license
           | 
           | So there's another point of confusion/disagreement.
           | 
           | I don't recall open source ever meaning "no restrictions."
           | Copyleft, for example, is OSS with the restriction that any
           | future use must also be OSS and copyleft.
        
           | JohnFen wrote:
           | > software engineers at a company who may inadvertently use
           | your code at their job in a professional manner and then get
           | their employer sued for violating the terms of the license.
           | 
           | Every place I've ever worked treats OSS in exactly the same
           | way as closed-source software. You don't get to just use it
           | based on your own judgement as a dev. You have to request to
           | use it, which involves providing the license it is under to
           | legal and getting their approval.
           | 
           | In most cases, legal will require a commercial license to be
           | purchased if that's an option (even for OSS) because they
           | value the legal certainty more than the cost of the
           | commercial license.
        
       | JohnFen wrote:
       | The phrase "open source" has become very muddled and unclear
       | these days, and you can no longer assume that software calling
       | itself that is actually OSS.
       | 
       | I've come to a place where I just consider the phrase as noise,
       | and generally ignore it. Instead, I just pay attention to the
       | license and if it's acceptable to me, I'll use it. If it's not, I
       | won't. That serves my needs.
       | 
       | I also stopped associating my own software with the term, even
       | when it's actually open source by OSI's definition. Doing that
       | avoids a whole lot of unnecessary arguing.
       | 
       | It's a little sad for me, though. I've been a strong OSS advocate
       | since the Dark Ages, and it's painful to have to disassociate
       | with it.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | shrimp_emoji wrote:
         | Stallman was right yet again:
         | https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/floss-and-foss.en.html
        
           | Culonavirus wrote:
           | I mean, Unreal Engine is open source. That's all you really
           | need to know. It is software "with source code that anyone
           | can inspect, modify, and enhance", you just can't ship
           | anything made with it without paying Epic a cut of your
           | revenue. (Actually you can, Epic has this, well, pretty damn
           | generous setup, where you don't pay anything until you reach
           | $1M in gross revenue _per title_ , then it's 5% of gross
           | revenue above $1M of that title. Just not to shit on Epic as
           | everyone likes to do.)
        
             | palata wrote:
             | That is the definition of "source-available", not open
             | source. The first sentence of the OSI definition [1] of
             | open source is:
             | 
             | "Open source doesn't just mean access to the source code.
             | The distribution terms of open-source software must comply
             | with the following criteria:"
             | 
             | [1]: https://opensource.org/osd/
        
             | jraph wrote:
             | That's source-available.
             | 
             | What's with people in this HN thread knowing full well
             | about the open source definition but advocating for this
             | confusing use of the term anyway, don't you strive for
             | clarity and ambiguity-free expression when talking about
             | something?
             | 
             | And also... what is the link between unreal engine and this
             | text from RMS about the different philosophies behind the
             | Open Source and the Free Software movement?
        
         | Dalewyn wrote:
         | The way I see it, it's very simple: If I can view the source
         | code, it's open source.
         | 
         | Open source has nothing to do with whether something is free-
         | as-in-beer or commercial, whether something is free-as-in-libre
         | or proprietary, or whatever else.
         | 
         | Open source simply means source code that is open for public
         | viewing, all other rights reserved unless declared otherwise.
         | 
         | Obligatory IANAL, don't take legal advice from random internet
         | comments.
        
           | cxr wrote:
           | > The way I see it, it's very simple: If I can view the
           | source code, it's open source.
           | 
           | By that definition, Harry Potter is open source. As is every
           | Star Wars novelization, New York Times article...
           | 
           | I'm looking forward to your fork of your favorite open source
           | franchise.
        
           | singpolyma3 wrote:
           | Except that we literally have a different term for that:
           | "shared source"
        
             | JohnFen wrote:
             | This is the first and only time I've heard that term used.
        
               | palata wrote:
               | There is a first for everything ;).
               | 
               | It's also called "source-available".
        
           | JohnFen wrote:
           | I understand your definition. The problem is that not
           | everyone agrees with it. This is a great example of why I
           | don't use the term -- there is no longer a real consensus on
           | what it means, exactly.
        
             | cxr wrote:
             | > The problem is that not everyone agrees with it [...]
             | there is no longer a real consensus on what it means
             | 
             | The term lacks consensus in the way that evolution lacks
             | consensus. Overwhelmingly, it's those least in a position
             | to disagree stating that they disagree.
        
             | palata wrote:
             | I think that the OSI definition is a large consensus:
             | https://opensource.org/osd/
        
           | fn-mote wrote:
           | > If I can view the source code, it's open source
           | 
           | The whole point of this discussion is that this term is
           | contentious. Your comment reads to me as dismissive of the
           | arguments/context/nuance without engaging in a dialog.
           | 
           | Especially as a reply to the GP who essentially says "I
           | stopped using the term open source because it was
           | problematic."
        
             | Dalewyn wrote:
             | I agree "open source" has become a problematic term, thanks
             | to people who want to throw political dogma onto an
             | otherwise useful term.
             | 
             | I've seen plenty of open source software published under
             | restrictive licenses, and closed source software published
             | under free-as-in-beer and/or free-as-in-libre licenses.
             | 
             | Open/closed source seriously has nothing to do with payment
             | terms, usage rights (aside from viewing the source code,
             | obviously), and whatever else. It is very counterproductive
             | that people keep trying to conflate what open/closed source
             | means.
        
           | RobotToaster wrote:
           | >If I can view the source code, it's open source.
           | 
           | The windows source code was leaked several years ago, so
           | obviously windows is open source.
        
           | jraph wrote:
           | You have it backwards: if it's open source, then you can see
           | the code. This remains true even in cases people are being
           | sloppy with the term.
           | 
           | Open source is whatever follows the open source definition.
           | No more, no less.
           | 
           | What you are talking about is source available. This is the
           | only designation that is not confusing and that is
           | uncontroversial.
           | 
           | I haven't seen any half-serious project use "open source"
           | that does not actually use an OSI-approved license.
           | 
           | But I agree with the parent commenter. Do check out what is
           | the actual license in any case, and feel free to avoid the
           | term open source altogether if you think it confuses people.
           | As this HN thread seems to show, the term does seem to
           | confuse people indeed. You can use free software, or even
           | "libre" if you find free software confusing. Or FLOSS.
        
             | grt_thr wrote:
             | [dead]
        
           | palata wrote:
           | I agree that it is very simple, but I believe that you should
           | not make up your own definition (respectfully) :).
           | 
           | What you describe is "source-available":
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source-available_software
           | 
           | Open source implies stuff like free redistribution and
           | derived works (among others): https://opensource.org/osd/
           | 
           | Free/Libre implies open source, but goes one step further,
           | implying freedom for the end-user. If I license my library as
           | LGPL (for instance), I am saying that I want the end-users to
           | be able to read and modify my library in the products they
           | buy. And therefore if you want to build a product using my
           | LGPL library, then you must make sure that your users can do
           | that with my library.
        
           | hristov wrote:
           | Viewing the source code does not give you much rights. In
           | most cases it probably wont even give you the right to view
           | the source code, because if you do not have the right to
           | compile and run the code yourself, it is quite possible and
           | actually likely that the person giving you the source code
           | will not give you the correct source code.
           | 
           | So if that is the acceptable term for open source it does not
           | mean much. It seems to me that historically the meaning of
           | open source implies much more than being able to view the
           | code. It implies the right to compile the code, to run the
           | compiled code, to make changes, etc.
        
             | JohnFen wrote:
             | Also, I sell some libraries that are specifically not open
             | sourced. But you know what people who license my libraries
             | get along with the binaries? The source code. What they
             | don't get is the right to redistribute the source code or
             | the libraries themselves except in the form of having been
             | linked to an application. So, not open source.
        
       | ronsor wrote:
       | The first company being referred to in the article that wants 10%
       | of your revenue trained Falcon LLM, I believe. The company is
       | tied to Abu Dhabi/UAE government.
        
       | m463 wrote:
       | A lot of people try to pull a fast one by capitalizing on
       | ambiguity or euphemisms.
       | 
       | I think of speakers who might talk about terms like "justice" in
       | an attempt to have something in common with a group, all the
       | while hiding that their definition of "justice" is different than
       | the group's definition.
       | 
       | Same goes for "telemetry" or "analytics" or "advertising", which
       | mostly means using surveillance to build a dossier for everyone.
       | 
       | Stallman should get credit when he nitpicks the finer points,
       | because it might be annoying, but it is important to make the
       | finer distinctions:
       | 
       | https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point....
        
         | JohnFen wrote:
         | > Stallman should get credit when he nitpicks the finer points,
         | because it might be annoying
         | 
         | I've long thought that the aspects that make him annoying are
         | the very same aspects that make him invaluable.
        
       | bityard wrote:
       | I just wrote a comment about this kind of thing recently. It's
       | sad that 2023 seems to be the year of entrepreneurs, SEOs,
       | marketers, and other kinds of bullshitters intentionally diluting
       | the meaning of "open" and "free" software.
       | 
       | I feel like the DFSG is the most concise version of what the
       | Internet used to generally consider open and free software:
       | https://wiki.debian.org/DebianFreeSoftwareGuidelines
        
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