[HN Gopher] Germany falls into recession as inflation hits economy
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Germany falls into recession as inflation hits economy
        
       Author : paulpauper
       Score  : 87 points
       Date   : 2023-05-27 17:21 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bbc.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bbc.com)
        
       | throwaway220033 wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | malikNF wrote:
         | Lol hilarious how you had to use a throwaway account to say
         | what you said. Shows somewhere in that skull of yours theres a
         | part of you that knows what you said was not right.
        
           | sourcecodeplz wrote:
           | Right or not it's sad that you can't say what you think
           | nowadays due to the cancel culture. What a dystopia.
        
             | ok_dad wrote:
             | [flagged]
        
               | throwaway220033 wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
               | asmor wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
           | throwaway220033 wrote:
           | What's actually hilarious is the maturity of your comment and
           | the logic behind it.
        
         | ok_dad wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
       | lapama wrote:
       | I felt it coming... as a migrant, a couple of weeks ago I felt
       | people started to look at me differently.
        
         | wahnfrieden wrote:
         | People take it out on their peers rather than their masters
        
           | RedCondor wrote:
           | Only if they lack political education.
        
             | wahnfrieden wrote:
             | especially if they have political education most of the
             | time lol
        
             | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
             | The education system, controlled by their masters, has no
             | interest in education the people to blame their masters, so
             | of course most are uneducated in this regard.
        
               | RedCondor wrote:
               | This isn't new. Historically, many great teachers of the
               | workers have got around this with a little cleverness.
               | 
               | It'll happen again.
        
             | x3874 wrote:
             | No, the fact is that somehow for decades German authorities
             | think they have a right / a budget (that is build up by
             | taxes paid for by natural Germans and also documented,
             | naturalized, legally working people now living in Germany)
             | to spend on things here and there over half of the world,
             | be it illegal migrants, approved migrants, EU-internal
             | subsidies or subsidies and projects for other nations
             | across the globe. Ukraine, Afghanistan and Syria come
             | lately to mind.
             | 
             | That this insane behavior doesn't bode well regardless of
             | 'polictical education' should come to no ones' surprise.
             | Especially if you, as a so-so earner, pay almost 40% in
             | taxes and social security / healthcare. And if you happen
             | to already have experienced socialism before, you have an
             | even less chilled opinion. Thank you.
        
               | RedCondor wrote:
               | Socialists will once again get to explain how the
               | capitalist welfare state was an unsustainable scam paid
               | for by neocolonialism. Demonized socialist projects will
               | come to be seen in a more authentic, positive light, and
               | the fight for worker and human emancipation from
               | capitalism will resume.
        
               | wahnfrieden wrote:
               | Both socialist and capitalist liberal states are bad,
               | liberation requires overcoming the power structures of
               | both state and capital. We all stand to gain from it,
               | it's not like a new tax system.
               | 
               | Socialist states are just elitist authoritarian
               | capitalism. Both kinds of states trap their populaces in
               | endless all consuming work. Please, let's move on, we
               | have automation and industrialized processes now to not
               | need constant work at the behest of rulers commanding us
               | or gatekeeping and bean countnig access to reproducible
               | technology and information
               | 
               | (It's incidentally also the same fight as the ecological
               | problem.)
        
         | ComputerGuru wrote:
         | I'm certainly not discounting your experience but do you really
         | think this is something that took shape only over a couple of
         | weeks? Or did you mean that you woke to the realization?
        
         | s9w wrote:
         | [dead]
        
       | Simulacra wrote:
       | I think their failed energy policy has a lot to do with this
        
         | lornemalvo wrote:
         | In which way has it failed?
        
           | MichaelRazum wrote:
           | simple, the price is to high. Germany might be "Weltmeister"
           | with one of the highest energy prices...
        
           | lnsru wrote:
           | Burning coal in winter and turning off safe(!) and paid
           | off(!) nuclear plants sounds like a failure to me.
        
             | ZeroGravitas wrote:
             | The right wing parties at this very moment campaigning
             | against heat pumps is a better example.
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36089912
        
               | aeyes wrote:
               | You are in a thread saying that shutting down nuclear was
               | a mistake because they'd have to burn coal to make up for
               | it. At the same time you are saying that forcing new
               | installations (and repairs to a certain extent) to use
               | heat pumps instead of gas starting next year putting even
               | more stress on the grid is a good move?
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | Yes. Because it is.
               | 
               | The "grid" wasn't "strained". The main source of cheap
               | gas got strangled due to a war. Most of it was used in
               | home heating and industry, neither of which nuclear would
               | help with without more electrification.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Yes, because regardless of the niose the CDU/CSU and FDP
               | make, thebgrid im Germany never had any issues.
        
               | eisa01 wrote:
               | Yes, you get more heat out of a CCGT->Heat pump, than
               | directly with a gas boiler
               | 
               | This has been known for decades, see Without Hot Air:
               | http://www.withouthotair.com/c21/page_150.shtml
        
             | hef19898 wrote:
             | Nuclear power plants need maintenance ("failing" France is
             | used an example for this all the time on HN) and fuel rods.
             | With the nuclear exit, reaffirmed by a conservative
             | government, was decided ages ago, German nuclear plants
             | were in no position to rwtain their certification. Nor was
             | fuel ordered or available.
             | 
             | And yes, still having coal is a failure from a climate
             | perspective. Energy was plenty so, if we exclude price
             | hikes caused by Russia's invasion of Ukraine. And those
             | price hike were global.
        
           | the_third_wave wrote:
           | They closed their nuclear power stations which made them even
           | more dependent on natural gas which was in short supply,
           | leading to an increase in the use of coal (which is supposed
           | to be "bad for the climate" due to the higher CO2/TWh
           | coefficient) and an increase in electricity import dependency
           | which in turn drove up prices in the rest of Europe. German
           | industry is both dependent on electricity as well as natural
           | gas, the decision to close those - perfectly functional -
           | nuclear power plants reduced the amount of natural gas
           | available to industry even more since it was now also needed
           | more for electricity production. I already mentioned the
           | higher electricity prices.
           | 
           | In short the "traffic light coalition" chose ideology over
           | logic as well as ideology over the will of the German people
           | [1] to the detriment of all - even the ideologues even though
           | they will be hit less hard since they have well-remunerated
           | positions and state pensions.
           | 
           | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35665122
        
       | fatneckbeard wrote:
       | why does it feel like every tech website turns into an amateur
       | humanities and economics discussion group?
        
         | twelve40 wrote:
         | because this stuff affects everyone including startups
        
         | the_third_wave wrote:
         | Because everything is subject to politics so discussing tech
         | automatically leads to discussing politics. Where politics is
         | discussed people tend to have different opinions which leads to
         | longer discussions [1] which makes this all the more visible.
         | 
         | [1] ...and lots of greyed-out posts, unfortunately
        
         | fullshark wrote:
         | It's a topic everyone has an opinion on I guess and engagement
         | drives what gets surfaced.
        
         | seydor wrote:
         | they are easy subjects
        
       | tomohelix wrote:
       | The first of many to officially enter a recession. We all know it
       | is coming, there is no avoiding it. Lots of places are already in
       | a recession but just doesn't officially announce it yet.
       | 
       | Things are going to get tough and I am tired...
        
         | bojan wrote:
         | Considering that the energy prices fell down to their usual
         | levels, I'd not be surprised if this recession turns out to be
         | short-lived.
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | The recession is caused by monetary factors. The energy
           | prices just add a little more pop into it.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | SantalBlush wrote:
         | >We all know it is coming, there is no avoiding it.
         | 
         | "We all know a recession will happen in the future." Yes, that
         | is how recessions work. The economy is cyclical, so if you
         | predict a recession long enough, you will eventually be right.
        
         | HL33tibCe7 wrote:
         | Surprisingly it looks like the UK might avoid it
        
           | monero-xmr wrote:
           | Is that a joke? The UK is in dire straits. The NHS is
           | flailing and the standard of living is dropping like a rock.
           | I am looking forwards to when I can hire devs there remotely
           | however. Better time zone than Eastern Europe.
        
             | sebzim4500 wrote:
             | The state of the NHS, while embarassing, has little bearing
             | on whether we enter a recession. Most of their effort goes
             | into helping people who do not productively contribute to
             | the economy.
        
               | monero-xmr wrote:
               | I see it as a major symptom of larger structural issues
               | that are going to make the UK poorer for 10 to 20 more
               | years. You haven't even begun to steal in earnest from
               | the wealthy and successful corporations, which will cause
               | capital flight and further erode your standard of living.
               | First you need many more union strikes, then you need to
               | elect the hard left (which is coming), then you need to
               | finally accept the inevitable and cut taxes, regulations,
               | red tape, open up immigration, etc.
               | 
               | But this will take 10 to 20 years.
        
               | sebzim4500 wrote:
               | There is absolutely no appetite to elect the hard left.
               | The left of the Labour party is dead and it is unclear if
               | its leader will even be a member of the party in the next
               | election.
               | 
               | We did get a significant tax cut a few months ago (?), it
               | wasn't a rate change but they removed the cap of how much
               | of your pension is tax free.
               | 
               | Immigration is at record levels, I'm not sure what it
               | would mean to open it up further.
               | 
               | I think the stuff you are hoping for will happen quite
               | soon, especially with loosening of regulations around
               | food (so we can e.g. import US meat)
        
       | paulpauper wrote:
       | Yet again, this seems to confirm that whatever problems the US
       | has, as bad as those seem, are worse overseas even in Western
       | countries. Higher inflation, more unrest, higher unemployment,
       | weaker growth, worse stock market returns, etc.
        
         | Levitz wrote:
         | Well, yes and no.
         | 
         | Even if inflation or unemployment get worse, it's a whole
         | different deal for the average citizen to deal with those when
         | you have socialized healthcare or unemployment benefits.
        
         | joemazerino wrote:
         | Seems more West specific. Related to money printing and
         | lockdowns during COVID.
        
         | arez wrote:
         | S&P is up 3% from one year ago, Dax is up 12% so stockmarket
         | wise it's not true
        
           | hef19898 wrote:
           | And so far nobody tried to overturn election results in an
           | European country, for now.
        
           | rvz wrote:
           | It is down almost 12% since the November 2021 all time high
           | [0] and since the market crash happened [1] as I said before.
           | 
           | [0]
           | https://www.google.com/finance/quote/.INX:INDEXSP?window=5Y
           | 
           | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29508238
        
           | super256 wrote:
           | The DAX40 is a piece of German financial engineering, aka not
           | fair to compare to the S&P500: the DAX40 excludes a large
           | part of public German corporations + as a price index it
           | includes distributed dividends, which causes an unfair
           | advantage when compared to a price return index like S&P500.
        
         | curiousgal wrote:
         | Unless those problems are, you know, things that matter, like
         | life expectancy for one.
        
           | it_citizen wrote:
           | Education quality, political polarisation, inequality,
           | poverty index, happiness.
        
         | pphysch wrote:
         | It helps that Washington has thousands of troops in those
         | countries, and not the other way around.
        
           | SllX wrote:
           | This is true, misleading and repeated to the point of
           | worthlessness.
           | 
           | There was a big to do among our NATO allies about ramping up
           | their own spending in response to the previous President
           | threatening to pull out of NATO. They want those troops
           | there, under NATO command and especially lately.
        
             | pphysch wrote:
             | It does matter, because it means Washington has tangible
             | leverage over these supposedly-sovereign states and can
             | enforce hard limits on their behavior. As an extreme
             | example, a nationalist coup against a weak & corrupt Berlin
             | simply can't happen with such an enormous foreign military
             | presence. We learned from Versailles.
             | 
             | The IRA and NS2 sabotage were really bad for Germany. But
             | what are they gonna do about it?
             | 
             | https://www.politico.eu/article/france-and-germany-find-
             | grou...
        
               | matkoniecz wrote:
               | > It does matter, because it means Washington has
               | tangible leverage over these supposedly-sovereign states
               | 
               | In case that someone is genuinely confused: Poland put
               | quite significant effort into using far-away and much
               | more reasonable and friendly USA to decrease risk of
               | invasion of nearby, brutal and evil Russia.
               | 
               | Main leverage that USA has in Poland is risk of
               | *withdrawing* military support.
               | 
               | Because getting invaded by Russia is extremely bad, war
               | worse than average invasion results.
        
               | fabian2k wrote:
               | You're saying Germany isn't actually sovereign?
               | 
               | And what's that about US troops preventing a nationalist
               | coup? That sounds like an insane conspiracy theory.
               | 
               | We're not an occupied nation. There are 35,000 US troops
               | in Germany. Compare that with 180,000-250,000 German
               | troops (depending on how you count them).
               | 
               | And the NS2 sabotage is pretty much irrelevant. No gas
               | has ever flown through that pipe, and it was exceedingly
               | unlikely to ever happen after the Russian invasion of
               | Ukraine.
        
               | vasac wrote:
               | Oh, NS2 sabotage is quite relevant as it shows that
               | "someone" can blow up (partially) German infrastructure
               | while Germany have no guts to even wink in the direction
               | of the perpetrator. Not exactly a definition of a
               | sovereign country.
        
               | fabian2k wrote:
               | NS2 was not quite German infrastructure, it's really
               | Russian infrastructure. It was also entirely irrelevant
               | for Germany at that point, no gas ever has flown through
               | it and none would have almost certainly even if it were
               | still fully intact (one strand is undamaged).
               | 
               | We don't know if the German government knows who did
               | this. So I don't think we can draw any conclusions from
               | the lack of action here, we simply do not have enough
               | information.
        
               | fuoqi wrote:
               | >NS2 was not quite German infrastructure, it's really
               | Russian infrastructure
               | 
               | What are you talking about? Western companies literally
               | own half of NS2.
               | 
               | >no gas ever has flown through it and none would have
               | almost certainly even if it were still fully intact (one
               | strand is undamaged)
               | 
               | I wonder if intentionally delayed certification of the
               | pipeline by Germany has anything to do with "no gas ever
               | has flown". The point is: NS1 + NS2 was a constant
               | temptation for Germany and blowing it has removed the
               | "wrong" incentive.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Basocally everyone wanted NS2 to be gone, including the
               | Russians. So in all honesty, I'd expect saboteurs frok
               | NATO country A helping out saboteurs from non-NATO
               | country B with explosives and detonators if needed.
               | 
               | By the way, nobody wanted NS2 by the time it was
               | technologocally ready. Funny enough, if Trump wouldn't
               | have been president a deal for CNG anf LNG would have
               | been had a lot easier and earlier.
        
               | fuoqi wrote:
               | >Basocally everyone wanted NS2 to be gone, including the
               | Russians
               | 
               | I call BS. Not only have they invested a significant
               | amount of money into it, they also sell gas to Europe
               | through Ukraine even today. I think they would like to
               | have working pipelines which do not cross any
               | intermediate states, even in offline state.
        
               | pphysch wrote:
               | Can you provide some recent (say, post-Merkel) examples
               | where Berlin has acted in its own interest _at the
               | expense_ of Washington 's interests? And how did
               | Washington respond?
               | 
               | I'm genuinely curious since you seem to know a lot about
               | German national governance.
        
               | fabian2k wrote:
               | That is entirely irrelevant, you're the one making absurd
               | claims about Germany not being sovereign. You're also
               | leaving a very short timespan here, one dominated by the
               | war against Ukraine where US and German interests align
               | very well.
               | 
               | There is one event, if you believe the reports. And that
               | was Germany allegedly making US deliveries of main battle
               | tanks a requirements to agree to Leopard 2 deliveries to
               | Ukraine. That was not something the US wanted to do at
               | that point, though obviously it also wasn't something
               | they disagreed with entirely.
        
               | pphysch wrote:
               | As other commenters have remarked, the bombing of
               | Germany's energy infrastructure by a _literal ally_ is an
               | extraordinary violation of sovereignty. You can do mental
               | gymnastics to pretend that is irrelevant. It 's called
               | "being in denial". And yet Germany is now in an energy-
               | cost-induced recession. Is that also "irrelevant"?
               | 
               | And we haven't even brought up FM Baerbock and where her
               | allegiance lies (the Washington-based Atlantic Council
               | said she was "in lockstep" with them).
               | 
               | Regarding the German tanks, it says everything that even
               | the Scholz-Baerbock regime was reluctant to send them. If
               | it was truly in Germany's national security interest, it
               | would be a no-brainer. But it's not about national
               | security, it's about politics and Washington's interests
               | in the region.
               | 
               | So there's clearly a strong case for Germany not really
               | being sovereign. When I ask you to make the opposing
               | argument, you evade.
        
               | fabian2k wrote:
               | There is no evidence the US destroyed the pipeline.
               | Hersh's story is a fairytale with lots of alleged facts
               | that have been specifically debunked. There is no robust
               | public evidence on who actually destroyed the pipeline.
               | Everything that is public is circumstancial and
               | contradictory.
               | 
               | You are making a very extreme and frankly just plain
               | insulting statement here by disputing our sovereignty.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | So, ypu know who blew up NS2, owned by Gazprom? Care to
               | tell me who it was?
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | >> The Scholz-Baerbock regime
               | 
               | I thoight you people moved on from blaming _her_ to blame
               | Habeck for everything by now...
               | 
               | Also nice, that everyone ignores the fact NATO is an
               | alliance, and having one country moving alone woupd be
               | really bad in a time showing strength and unity is
               | paramount.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | SllX wrote:
               | Yet our troops are still welcomed and NATO is more
               | popular than ever.
               | 
               | I'm not saying it doesn't put us in an advantageous
               | position if it came down to war with Germany or France,
               | but it does matter that we handle trade disputes and NATO
               | as separate matters, and it isn't as if EU has exactly
               | been kind to American tech companies lately given with
               | each passing year they pass new onerous legislation that
               | mostly affects foreign tech companies more than it
               | affects their own domestic industry because their own
               | home grown tech industry wasn't worth much before we took
               | any protectionist measures.
               | 
               | Right now we are guests in the country with our shields
               | and spears pointed in the direction of the East because
               | we have overlapping interests in defending _their_
               | nations with their present governments as they are
               | against the threat of Russia. The reality on the ground
               | now outweighs an incidental hypothetical that would be a
               | repeat of a hundred years ago. If our presence dissuades
               | a second rise of Nazism, that's probably as much to
               | Germany's benefit as it is ours, but the market disputes
               | are between the EU and USA, not European NATO and North
               | American NATO and while we're there as guests and not
               | belligerents, we're there to defend Germany, not impugn
               | its sovereignty.
        
               | c00lio wrote:
               | Where Europe is protectionist about tech, the US did the
               | same about steel, aluminium, aircraft and certain foods.
               | I guess the tech sector is just more present in the minds
               | of HN readers.
        
               | SllX wrote:
               | I didn't forget about that, but I felt no need to double-
               | down on the both-sides bit when the one I replied to
               | already mentioned the IRA, and it's irrelevant to the
               | point that trade including disputes and NATO are separate
               | threads to the Trans-Atlantic relationships between
               | America and our European allies. We can go tick for tack
               | for all I care on trade--I mean I do care to the extent
               | that I think it's dumb and we shouldn't but it also isn't
               | a political priority for me--whereas NATO is severely
               | more important independent of where we stand on the
               | balance of our trade relationships at the end of the day
               | because keeping Europe free and independent of Russia
               | matters a great deal more.
               | 
               | That even includes ensuring they have the freedom to pass
               | screwball legislation that screws with our tech companies
               | and moves the needle closer to re-evaluating their
               | European operations as a priority.
               | 
               | I'm not hearing any Europeans outside of Russia chime in
               | to say they would in fact prefer the opposite outcome or
               | an inverse set of priorities where we give them better
               | access to American steel, aluminum, aircraft and food
               | markets but dissolve NATO and pull out of their
               | respective countries. It's a complicated series of
               | military, trade, diplomatic and personal relationships
               | with both profits and losses on both sides of the
               | Atlantic, but on balance is still beneficial for
               | Americans and Europeans.
        
           | qwytw wrote:
           | How?
           | 
           | Also do you think US would not remove their troops if the
           | host countries actually wanted to?
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | The US removed its presence from France at their request.
        
           | ComputerGuru wrote:
           | The economic benefits of NATO for the USA wouldn't change
           | much _today_ if Germany had its own troops instead of the US
           | troops stationed there. Of course, if the troops _were never
           | there in the first place_ , that's a different matter.
           | 
           | The biggest actual difference isn't US troops stationed in
           | NATO countries but rather the extent of the US as a global
           | reserve currency and the power of the petrodollar. The
           | concerns over these are well-founded as the powers that be
           | have willingly traded the latter in exchange for upping the
           | US' position in the current brinksmanship with Russia, when
           | Russia was never the economic juggernaut to be reckoned with
           | and certainly not worth giving up those cards for.
        
           | cscurmudgeon wrote:
           | Wait, doesn't it actually help those countries?
        
           | latency-guy2 wrote:
           | Germans are invited to invade the United States of America. I
           | hope to see your 5,000 helmets faring well.
        
         | kurthr wrote:
         | Losing half their gas supply and a huge amount of electrical as
         | well, didn't help... but England and Italy will quickly follow,
         | France and Spain with longer delay. The failure of China
         | reopening was also a big hit.
        
           | throwbadubadu wrote:
           | Yeah, one has to admit that the US quite cleverly pulled at
           | least some strings and got its win-win-situation while Europe
           | is in no other position as to pay and still loose.
        
             | kranke155 wrote:
             | Peter Zeihan was right about one thing - even as the world
             | declines America can thrive due to its position and massive
             | access to local resources.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | If you throw enough stuff on the wall, something will
               | utimately stick. Even if it is just for a moment.
        
       | baridbelmedar wrote:
       | It's sadly not that surprising. Germany has a lot of heavy
       | industries that require access to relatively low and stable
       | energy prices. Furthermore, given the changed world situation
       | regarding energy and the lack of developed nuclear power, they
       | will need to rely on wind and solar power to a greater extent.
       | 
       | Regrettably, energy poverty is a new concept we will have to
       | learn in Europe, I'm afraid...
        
         | qwytw wrote:
         | But gas and power are now cheaper than they were before the
         | war?
        
           | pnpnp wrote:
           | Financial markets are complex, and often have a long lag
           | time. There are many compounding factors at play here.
        
           | cscurmudgeon wrote:
           | Curious, won't a recession do that?
        
           | fuoqi wrote:
           | It's spot prices, which:
           | 
           | 1) Can change very fast, e.g. on potential strong China
           | reopening or colder than usual winter.
           | 
           | 2) Do not fully represent cost of long-term contracts.
           | 
           | Also, with reduced industrial output (especially in energy
           | intensive production) you need less gas. If you try to return
           | to the previous levels, the price will react sharply, thus
           | making growth in those sectors difficult. Finally, a
           | significant amount of electricity generation has migrated
           | from gas to coal, which is not free of consequences...
        
             | fpoling wrote:
             | Also spot prices reflect the storage availability. The
             | storage will be filled by October according to the existing
             | contracts. I.e. there is no much room to receive more gas
             | if it will have to be brought to Europe in the next few
             | months.
             | 
             | A really cold winter without Russian gas may bring the spot
             | prices back to record levels as then the supply lines will
             | be the bottleneck.
             | 
             | Long term Europe needs bigger storage to smooth price
             | volatility.
        
           | c00lio wrote:
           | Cheaper than immediately before the war. Far more expensive
           | than the long-term average of the 2000s and 2010s.
           | 
           | Edit: also, immediately before the war, Russia already seems
           | to have started restricting supply, driving up prices.
        
         | draw_down wrote:
         | [dead]
        
         | kranke155 wrote:
         | Why? How expensive is nuclear vs wind and solar at this point?
        
           | missedthecue wrote:
           | The problem for Germany is that nuclear power plants, wind,
           | and solar don't product natural gas.
           | 
           | Natural gas can be turned into electricity, but electricity
           | cannot practically be turned into natural gas and German
           | industry needs a lot of natural gas.
        
             | c00lio wrote:
             | But with sufficient baseload nuclear, one could free up gas
             | capacity because of the lower demand for gas peaker plants.
             | Similarly, if electricity were as cheap as gas per kWh,
             | many industrial applications could actually switch to
             | electrical heating.
        
           | swarnie wrote:
           | The cost of nuclear isn't important to this short term
           | debate, simply having it is.
        
             | baridbelmedar wrote:
             | Right, solar and wind, although relatively cheap to
             | produce, unfortunately, face challenges when it comes to
             | energy storage. These types of industries require
             | stability.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Electricity cannot be stored, regardless of source. Base
               | load is a thing, sure. But there are ways ro cope with
               | that, all energy hungry industries in Europe, and
               | Germany, found ways to do so. That includes everything,
               | from steel over chemicals to paper.
               | 
               | The lack, and price, of gas for things other than
               | electricity was a problem for a while. But one that had
               | nothing to do with nuclear power.
        
               | c00lio wrote:
               | Electricity can be stored, mostly in pumped hydro
               | storage, but also in e.g. battery storage, pressurized
               | air or heated rock. But storage is scarce, expensive and
               | doesn't look like it is going to be built anytime soon
               | (for the usual reasons, NIMBY, environmentalism, YAGNI
               | (correct or imagined), "energy abstinence is more
               | virtuous", "we can manage by regulating demand", etc.)
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Pumped hydro capacities are all but fully occupied, and
               | few and far between to begin with. Battery tech os
               | nowhere close, nor is battery capacity, to make as much
               | as a dent overall.
        
           | WinstonSmith84 wrote:
           | Nuclear is very cheap when you have an available power plant
           | like Germany has... but instead decides to shut it down
           | because that's not politically acceptable to use them
        
             | schnuri wrote:
             | The plants in Germany would have been due for expensive
             | maintenance and they are old. (Maybe not EOL old but old)
        
             | andromeduck wrote:
             | I think public opinion has shifted actually, but greens are
             | still very ideologically opposed and a member of the
             | coalition government.
        
           | jillesvangurp wrote:
           | Depends; a lot more expensive typically. But the real
           | challenge is the process of getting any nuclear built in a
           | hurry. This seems to be a process that is measured in
           | decades; not months or years.
           | 
           | And given the cost, is not something that seems to be very
           | popular in any case right now. Wind and solar are much more
           | popular. The cost is much lower, plans are easy to get
           | approved because there is very little controversy (other than
           | some level of NIMBYism) and you can be up and running pretty
           | soon after.
           | 
           | And a useful side-effect of investing in renewable technology
           | is that it can be exported. German companies like Siemens and
           | others are making quite a bit of money with this. That's a
           | good thing in times of recessions. Germany's heavy industry
           | will end up going cold turkey on fossil fuels because of cost
           | and climate. This is short term very disruptive of course but
           | that also means a lot of money is being invested in
           | alternatives. Which of course is something Germany can export
           | as well. Germany might come out fine.
        
             | twelve40 wrote:
             | > a lot more expensive typically
             | 
             | more expensive to operate existing plants that were already
             | paid for a long time ago? i could never understand the
             | shutting down part.
        
           | c00lio wrote:
           | Nuclear is dirt cheap when you have your power plants already
           | built. Most of the cost of nuclear is building cost and
           | related capital cost for the loans you take to build one and
           | teardown/disposal. All German reactors had already paid off,
           | teardown and disposal are deposited up front. So just running
           | cost for them, mostly people and fuel, which is in the
           | 5ct/kWh range (for sources e.g. look at the last IPCC report,
           | but good numbers are hard to come by for the usual trade
           | secret reasons).
           | 
           | Wind is also in the 5ct/kWh range, solar at 10ct/kWh.
           | However, to get both to a load factor of over 90% (which is
           | typical for nuclear power plants) you would need a sufficient
           | amount of storage and overbuild your capacity, which will
           | cost an additional >10ct/kWh.
        
             | hef19898 wrote:
             | On the energy markets in Europe, at least the one Germany
             | is connected to, the prices per kWh are calculated basedbon
             | generation costs. Meaning investments and fox costs are not
             | considered. CO2 certificates are so. With those being way
             | too cheap the three cheapest electricity sources are: Wind,
             | PV and coal. If memory serves well you have then hydro and
             | nuclear, with has gas power plants usually being priced out
             | more often than not.
             | 
             | That structure doesn't really make sense from a climate
             | perspective. It does show so, that nuclear is far, far from
             | being cheap.
        
               | c00lio wrote:
               | > On the energy markets in Europe, at least the one
               | Germany is connected to, the prices per kWh are
               | calculated basedbon generation costs. Meaning investments
               | and fox costs are not considered.
               | 
               | Nope. Definitely not.
               | 
               | Prices are based on a) fixed-price contracts that are
               | negotiated with energy-producers and b) an spot-price
               | auctioning model that is based on supply/demand. As an
               | energy reseller, what you cannot get with your long-term
               | contracts you have to make up with spot priced. With some
               | additional provisions: Renewables get fixed prices
               | (determined by bid) by lay by their regional reseller.
               | And the highest spot price is always paid out to all
               | lower-priced energy producers.
               | 
               | But in all that, no energy producer will leave out the
               | building and financing cost from their price calculation.
               | Otherwise e.g. renewables would be free, because their
               | generation cost is practically zero, no people or fuel to
               | pay for, just building and financing.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Fixed prices =|= fixed costs. And yes, spot prices
               | actually do exclude those. Sure, companies do include
               | those in their internal calculations. The energy markets
               | don't care. And yes, the results of this are funny. E.g.
               | closing down gas plants without a single opertional hour
               | because they are just not able to operate economically.
        
         | WinstonSmith84 wrote:
         | > lack of developed nuclear power
         | 
         | Well, Germany had a few (remaining) nuclear power plants, and
         | the lasts were shut down this year for political reasons.
         | Apparently, it's better to import gas from Qatar and burn coal
         | in the meantime while enjoying a (partially) self inflicted
         | recession.
        
           | hef19898 wrote:
           | Besides some random commenters on the internet, nobody
           | swriously links the complex nuclear exit in Germany to the
           | current recession.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | asah wrote:
             | ? Sorry why?
        
               | oezi wrote:
               | The remaining nuclear power plants just had 4GW of
               | output. Just this year alone 12 GW of renewables will
               | come online.
        
               | 411111111111111 wrote:
               | The nuclear power plants that were shut down would've
               | needed extremely expensive maintenance to keep them
               | running.
               | 
               | It's a really complicated issue, with lots of
               | misinformation floating around on both sides of the
               | discussion. After all, nuclear power plants aren't
               | actually economically viable either without heavy
               | subsidisation and socialising the trash management (at
               | least the ones we've had in Germany).
               | 
               | While I can't say wherever Germany should've built more
               | nuclear power plants... I'm however certain that most
               | online discussions about the topic are extremely
               | misinformed. The biggest reason for this situation is
               | probably corruption, some of which has been proven and
               | reported on going back decades with Schroeder for
               | example.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | That kind of corruption goes bavk to the likes of
               | Strauss. Otherwise, fully agree.
        
       | jsnell wrote:
       | Discussed recently:
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36070611
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36082406
        
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