[HN Gopher] Canary domain - use-application-dns.net
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       Canary domain - use-application-dns.net
        
       Author : conductor
       Score  : 35 points
       Date   : 2023-05-25 19:21 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (support.mozilla.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (support.mozilla.org)
        
       | egberts1 wrote:
       | Worse, I clicked the thumbs down icon on "Was the article
       | helpful?" at the bottom of their page: A forever circling waiting
       | icon appears. Running latest Mozilla Firefox on latest Apple iOS.
       | 
       | In short, it is a * _cricket*_
       | 
       | Was going to say: as a DNS administrator of 30 years, this stuff
       | does not fully nor adequately explains how this feature is used
       | or benefit the end-user.
        
         | celsoazevedo wrote:
         | > Running latest Mozilla Firefox on latest Apple iOS.
         | 
         | Shouldn't matter btw. On iOS everyone uses Webkit as that's the
         | only engine Apple allows on the App Store.
        
       | donmcronald wrote:
       | > The use of this domain is specified by Mozilla, as a limited-
       | time measure until a method for signaling the presence of DNS-
       | based content filtering is defined and adopted by an Internet
       | standards body.
       | 
       | Yeah. Once DoH succeeds in preventing DNS based blocking of ads,
       | trackers, etc., I'm sure all the big tech companies will come
       | back to the table and agree on a standard that gives that power
       | back to users.
       | 
       | /s for anyone that needs it.
        
         | 542458 wrote:
         | > Once DoH succeeds in preventing DNS based blocking of ads,
         | trackers, etc...
         | 
         | I'm not sure how DoH dramatically changes this. Even absent DoH
         | a device can always ignore your network's DNS settings and just
         | query 8.8.8.8 or whatever "known good" DNS server they wanted.
         | This isn't uncommon with IoT devices today, usually to avoid
         | ISP tampering with DNS.
        
           | djbusby wrote:
           | Routers can intercept your Port53 queries and inject their
           | own replies.
        
         | jchw wrote:
         | This is almost the exact opposite reason why browsers adopted
         | DoH; the problem is that DNS providers and any intermediary
         | that can MitM have been applying content filtering at the DNS
         | level. It can also be used to track users to an extent. DoH is
         | necessary to reduce the set of parties who are able to see what
         | domains you are accessing, in conjunction with ECH.
         | 
         | I actually think Chromium adopted the better solution. Chromium
         | will "upgrade" to DoH when you are already connecting to a DNS
         | server known to support DoH anyways. It also bothers to
         | implement /etc/hosts resolution, as well.
         | 
         | Of course Google could use DoH to defeat AdBlock, but they can
         | do that regardless of whether or not DoH is adopted by browser
         | vendors. You already have control over the DNS resolution on
         | your browser/most devices, so it hardly does anything. If they
         | really wanted to defeat DNS based filtering, there's no reason
         | they need to use DNS in the first place.
         | 
         | For some reason, unencrypted DNS has a lot of fans. I don't
         | understand it. I can understand why Firefox's approach is not
         | loved, but Chromium's approach seems entirely reasonable and
         | has basically no conflict of interest whatsoever.
        
       | gigel82 wrote:
       | The ship has already sailed... no one says one has to use the
       | prescribed DoH protocol. An app could simply embed a list of
       | known IP addresses and make custom TCP queries using entirely
       | proprietary / opaque protocols to "resolve DNS" or just discover
       | ip addresses for their services.
       | 
       | I'm sure many applications and devices are already doing it. Who
       | has the time and inclination to monitor the network traffic of
       | all their appliances to ensure they're not being spied on? I wish
       | someone would and we'd publicly shame all the scumbags that do
       | it, but alas...
        
       | WirelessGigabit wrote:
       | DoH is such a weird thing.
       | 
       | I am against individual applications making their own DNS
       | queries. This is a responsibility of the OS.
       | 
       | I love the idea that I can query DNS without being spied upon.
       | However, at home, for the protection of my family and me I want
       | all devices to go through a certain DNS server.
       | 
       | So where does this leave us? We're delegating the statement of
       | 'I'm being secure' to the DNS server itself.
       | 
       | Shoutout to my Google Mini which ignores DNS servers in the DHCP
       | response.
        
         | xg15 wrote:
         | Yeah, I think the question is what exactly the thread model is
         | and what gets protected.
         | 
         | DoH as protection of my own traffic against snooping ISPs is
         | very much welcome. DoH as protection of locked down apps and
         | devices against their owners - not so much.
        
         | jon-wood wrote:
         | As a one-time developer of consumer IoT hardware I'm divided on
         | this. In principle everything should respect the DNS servers
         | provided by your local DHCP server. In practice some of those
         | DNS servers are hilariously bad, because they're operated by
         | ISPs, who will happily highjack every single DNS query to
         | inject a message about how you're approaching your bandwidth
         | quota, or just outright ignore TTLs that were dropped to allow
         | clean switchover between providers. We ended up hardcoding
         | known good DNS servers because otherwise we'd get complaints
         | from customers when things stopped working, and no amount of
         | saying it's not our fault would avoid being branded as useless
         | crap.
        
           | powersnail wrote:
           | > In principle everything should respect the DNS servers
           | provided by your local DHCP server. In practice some of those
           | DNS servers are hilariously bad, because they're operated by
           | ISPs
           | 
           | It's not just ISP operated DNS. There are many other
           | scenarios where multiple parties share one DHCP server, where
           | the DHCP admin's choice of DNS might not be what every other
           | participant desires. For instance, using a public wifi,
           | roommates sharing a router, visiting someone's house, etc.
        
         | johnklos wrote:
         | This is exactly what Cloudflare wants - they want us to blindly
         | "trust" them with our DNS lookups, even though they've
         | prioritized paying scammers over doing the right thing for
         | years.
        
         | Spivak wrote:
         | > I am against individual applications making their own DNS
         | queries
         | 
         | But every other network request they will ever make is fine if
         | they do it themselves? Like at some point we have to be like
         | DNS being a service provided by the system to apps was mostly a
         | historical accident or an idea for a network model that never
         | really panned out.
         | 
         | I would have loved to see the alternate universe where your
         | typical unprivileged app has no direct access to sockets and
         | routes all requests through a system service that handles all
         | the application-layer protocols and encryption.
        
         | donmcronald wrote:
         | > Shoutout to my Google Mini which ignores DNS servers in the
         | DHCP response.
         | 
         | Put Roku on that list. They also break in a spectacular fashion
         | if you redirect the queries to a DNS server that returns
         | NXDOMAIN. Its like they query in an infinite loop with no rate
         | limits. They absolutely hammer the DNS server.
        
           | AviationAtom wrote:
           | I made it a point to NAT redirect all outbound requests to
           | UDP 53 in our enterprise back to our enterprise DNS server.
           | It would sometimes piss off our engineers, when they realized
           | 8.8.8.8 was somehow resolving our internal DNS names, but if
           | they came to us and nicely explained their use-case then we
           | excluded them from the NAT rule.
        
             | groestl wrote:
             | Great when you debug something for ages, just to find out
             | your company's DNS setup is broken. Because it can't be
             | DNS, right? /s
        
               | AviationAtom wrote:
               | Compliance sucks, but it's required. I didn't make up the
               | rules, just implemented and enforced them.
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | Can we rename the domain to "privacy-isnt-permitted-on-this-
       | network.net"?
        
         | ilyt wrote:
         | more like "tell-cloudflare-everything-i-visit"...
        
         | helpfulclippy wrote:
         | Sounds like this is meant to avoid interfering with internal
         | DNS servers. Mozilla's documentation says that if you enable
         | DoH manually, it will use DoH even if the canary domain check
         | would have turned it off.
        
       | throwaway2016a wrote:
       | Reading the comments I think it may sound worse than it is.
       | 
       | > The canary domain only applies to users who have DoH enabled as
       | the default option. It does not apply for users who have made the
       | choice to turn on DoH by themselves.
       | 
       | So basically it sounds like a way for system administrators to
       | disable DNS over HTTPS on their local network when DoH is enabled
       | by default on the machine.
       | 
       | Though I'm not sure what's preventing people from abusing this on
       | public networks and ISP level.
        
         | johnklos wrote:
         | How is it abuse? Think about it - something is turned on for
         | you by default, without asking you, which sends all of your DNS
         | lookups to some third party (Cloudflare), which we have no
         | reason to trust (rather, we have plenty of reasons to not
         | trust).
         | 
         | So a public network, which you already have to trust enough to
         | use, tells you which DNS servers to use, and there's an
         | implicit agreement and understanding about that. So which is
         | more abusive - this implicit agreement and understanding, or
         | some third party changing your defaults without asking you
         | which then sends all your lookups to a third party you probably
         | didn't even know anything about?
        
           | throwaway2016a wrote:
           | You may not have a reason to trust Cloudflare but if DoH is
           | off you are essentialy trusting every router / NAT gateway /
           | anyone capable of packet inspection between you and the DNS
           | server.
        
             | gkbrk wrote:
             | I think this can be translated pretty accurately as
             | follows.
             | 
             | You may not have a reason to trust Cloudflare, a company
             | that you have no contract with, and a company that you do
             | not pay, and a company that blocks most of the internet to
             | people using browsers/extensions to protect their privacy.
             | 
             | But if DoH is off, you are essentially trusting your
             | hardware, and your ISP with which you have a paid contract.
        
               | throwaway2016a wrote:
               | My point was this can be done on any network you join...
               | a coffee shop, a coworking space, etc (unless your using
               | encrypted VPNed obviously) so not just your hardware.
               | 
               | Additionally, any network along the way can inspect
               | unencrypted packets not just your ISP. Unless your ISP is
               | just one hop from the DNS server you're using (or you use
               | your ISPs DNS).
               | 
               | You are trusting potentially dozens of parties... some of
               | whom you have a contract with any many you don't and some
               | of whom may be a malicious government (depending on where
               | in the world you are).
               | 
               | But I do agree with, implicitly, what you are saying. I
               | wish the default wasn't Cloudflare and if you change it
               | explicitly it sounds like the canary won't work anyway.
        
               | djbusby wrote:
               | One must have technical expertise and lots of available
               | time to enforce said contract
        
               | gkbrk wrote:
               | And one must have magical powers to enforce a contract
               | that doesn't exist.
               | 
               | Enforcing a hard-to-enforce contract is possible, and
               | such contracts have been enforced before.
               | 
               | You will have a more difficult time getting anyone to
               | enforce good behaviour from an entity that you do not
               | pay, and have no contractual relationship with.
               | Especially if that entity is subject to a law that
               | requires them to access not only their data on US
               | servers, but foreign ones as well.
        
         | AviationAtom wrote:
         | If you're doing it right then you're using GPO and/or the
         | policies file to lockout the ability to tamper with your
         | preferred DNS settings on browsers in the enterprise.
        
       | codetrotter wrote:
       | I don't completely understand this.
       | 
       | Isn't the purpose of DoH to increase privacy?
       | 
       | But then if I go to a coffee shop that wants to inspect my DNS
       | queries, they can respond for this mentioned domain in a certain
       | way, and it will result in DoH being disabled and leaving the
       | coffee shop free to inspect the unencrypted DNS I am making?
        
         | opheliate wrote:
         | Not entirely certain, but I think to some degree this is a way
         | for the network to say, "I will not respect your privacy, so
         | don't try".
         | 
         | If a network implements DNS-based content filtering and blocks
         | DOH requests, not responding to a query for this domain could
         | allow an application to know to not bother trying DOH, since it
         | will definitely fail every time.
         | 
         | I could be totally off the mark here, though.
        
           | donmcronald wrote:
           | > and blocks DOH requests
           | 
           | It's on port 443, probably to the IP of a huge CDN. How would
           | you block it?
        
             | opheliate wrote:
             | Ah of course, sorry, teaches me to speak without thinking.
        
             | LinuxBender wrote:
             | This comes up in discussions quite a bit but in practice I
             | have never seen that become a thing. There is technically
             | nothing stopping a DNS provider from using random CDN nodes
             | but unless you have found a working exception they all have
             | well defined static IP addresses, sometimes even novelty
             | IP's. Perhaps some day they will do this at the risk of CDN
             | nodes getting blocked.
             | 
             | I block DoH/DoT quite successfully on my network, not to
             | invade privacy but to block privacy invading sites and
             | usage statistics that the current DoH/DoT providers gather.
             | Thus far it has not been an issue.
             | 
             | I was surprised to find that cell phones automagically
             | discover my DoT 853 listener on my firewall that is served
             | up by Unbound. I do have a "_dns.resolver.arpa" hint record
             | but nothing has ever queried it.
        
               | donmcronald wrote:
               | > This comes up in discussions quite a bit but in
               | practice I have never seen that become a thing.
               | 
               | How would you even know it's happening? Is it even
               | possible to snoop on HTTPS traffic if you have a mobile
               | device like an iPhone? Making it impossible to see is the
               | entire point AFAIK.
        
               | LinuxBender wrote:
               | I have physical access to the devices and I can also see
               | every device that is registered in DHCP making queries to
               | Unbound. Unless a specific application is leaking
               | requests to 443 I can say with certainty that they are
               | using my DNS server. People on my network appreciate the
               | ad blocking and I would hear about it if that stopped
               | working.
               | 
               | [Edit] I should also add that I do not block VPN's. If
               | someone wants to manually bypass my DNS they can do so
               | with a VPN client. Perhaps some day all the browsers will
               | start creating VPN tunnels to random CDN's on 443.
        
         | johnklos wrote:
         | DoH only increases privacy if the DoH provider is demonstrably
         | more honest and privacy concerned than the network you're on.
         | Mozilla defaults to Cloudflare, and Cloudflare are deceptive,
         | disingenuous, and scammer friendly. Plus, many of us who care
         | about privacy believe Cloudflare would sell access to the data
         | they collect (the DNS lookups) to the US government for the
         | right price.
         | 
         | The argument for this is specious at best - people who don't
         | care enough to change their own DNS servers on their own
         | networks apparently have to be saved from themselves, which is
         | why Firefox decided to turn it on without prompting the user,
         | in spite of many people complaining about changing the default
         | without asking.
         | 
         | Enabling this canary domain doesn't disable DoH, if you've
         | explicitly turned it and/or configured DoH with your own
         | settings. DoH still stays on.
        
           | traceroute66 wrote:
           | > many of us who care about privacy believe Cloudflare would
           | sell access to the data they collect
           | 
           | The Cloudflare DoH privacy policy is _already_ one of the
           | _least_ privacy friendly, so anyone who remotely cares about
           | their privacy should not be using Cloudflare DoH.
           | 
           | For example, "transactional and debug log data" is stored for
           | 25 hours at Cloudflare.
        
         | traceroute66 wrote:
         | > But then if I go to a coffee shop that wants to inspect my
         | DNS queries
         | 
         | If you're in a coffee shop and not using a VPN then, well....
         | 
         | But in direct answer to your question. No.
         | 
         | If you setup DoH correctly then you are not reliant on the
         | initial DNS lookup. For example 9.9.9.9 has a valid cert for
         | 9.9.9.9, so no initial DNS lookup needs to be done.
        
         | WirelessGigabit wrote:
         | `use-application-dns.net` to me means:
         | 
         | As an application, don't do your own DNS lookups but respect
         | the ones from the OS.
         | 
         | Which makes me wonder, does Windows respect `use-application-
         | dns.net` when I enable DoH?
        
         | AviationAtom wrote:
         | This domain has zero to do with home use and everything to do
         | with enterprise. DNS is one of the best tools for detecting and
         | sinkhole'ing malicious domains using threat intelligence feeds.
         | If the systems on your network are bypassing your DNS servers
         | then you lose that visibility and ability to filter malicious
         | DNS traffic.
        
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       (page generated 2023-05-25 23:02 UTC)