[HN Gopher] Social network ad targeting can "listen into" conver...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Social network ad targeting can "listen into" conversations using
       "live photos"
        
       Author : benguild
       Score  : 65 points
       Date   : 2023-05-18 17:19 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (twitter.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (twitter.com)
        
       | majormajor wrote:
       | "Ad targeting is listening more often than you think" is a
       | "conspiracy theory" I believe in.
       | 
       | I've had too many "mentioned an idea, then got targeted ads for
       | it within a day" incidents to _not_ think some combination of
       | things on the Google Home or iPhones or other smart devices is
       | spying. Yeah, yeah, familiar with all the  "someone else on the
       | same wifi probably searched for it" or "Baader-Meinhof" or what
       | have you, but I don't live with a lot of people and Instagram ads
       | in particular are VERY focused these days in a way that Baader-
       | Meinhof doesn't really fit - if I'd seen the ad for [specific
       | thing] a couple days before I mentioned it, it would've been
       | noticeably weird and out of place in a different way.
       | 
       | I was in ad-tech for a bit in the last decade, and even at a tiny
       | company there were some data sources we bought or heard about
       | that were pretty spooky, so I would not be shocked if there are
       | some wild ones out there today.
        
         | guessmyname wrote:
         | My wife uses Instagram and sometimes she gets ads about things
         | she talks about with me or her friends.
         | 
         | You would think that _"sometimes"_ makes them fall into the
         | realm of coincidences, but they are so specific, it is creepy.
         | 
         | Curiously, we get super excited when it happens because we are
         | not fluent in English, so when the spyware manages to
         | understand what we've been talking about, despite our heavy
         | accent, it makes us feel that our speaking skills are
         | improving.
         | 
         | This is inversely proportional to the sentiment we have when we
         | inadvertently activate Apple's Siri while talking about random
         | stuff. For some reason the chip dedicated to detect "Hey,
         | Siri!" thinks one of us used that command and starts listening,
         | we look at each other and then burst out laughing.
         | 
         | Maybe there is an idea for an app somewhere in there: an app
         | that always listens in the background and randomly tells a joke
         | about the topic of conversation.
        
         | jvm___ wrote:
         | I mentioned not being flexible enough on a Facebook comment and
         | instantly my reels feed is full of flexibility videos.
        
         | camdat wrote:
         | It would be trivial to confirm yourself, Wireshark can scan for
         | outgoing network packets and audio would require a large,
         | continuous, byte stream.
         | 
         | Unless you assume that Facebook et al are running ASR models
         | on-device all the time and somehow making it invisible to the
         | end-user.
        
           | anon223345 wrote:
           | Good call, I'm going to try this actually
        
             | camdat wrote:
             | I can save you the effort, it's not happening. This would
             | be a monumental national security concern for non-US
             | states, not even considering the technical limitations that
             | exist for storing or utilizing literally millions of audio
             | samples a minute.
             | 
             | People are incredibly predictable using only a handful of
             | demographics, there's simply no need to invest the
             | astronomical amount that would be necessary to process
             | these conversations when there's already many simple ways
             | to track/generate user interest.
        
           | antognini wrote:
           | The main problem with the ad-companies-are-listening-to-you
           | theory is that audio processing is very power hungry. Running
           | an ASR model locally would eat up a _ton_ of power. Just
           | doing wakeword detection (where you 're only listening for a
           | specific phrase like "Hey Siri") generally requires a
           | dedicated specialized chip so as to not impact power
           | consumption too much.
           | 
           | Same problem if they were surreptitiously streaming audio to
           | their servers. You would see it from the outgoing packets and
           | streaming that amount of data would also be fairly expensive.
        
             | pcdoodle wrote:
             | What if it's not audio processing real time?
             | 
             | Some voice codecs get their rate down to 2-3kbps. Maybe it
             | could store and forward with content loads without raising
             | flags?
             | 
             | Just spit balling here.
        
         | czx4f4bd wrote:
         | And yet there's still zero remotely plausible evidence for it.
         | 
         | Nobody has caught continuous audio feeds being transmitted from
         | smart devices to the cloud (which would be noticeable due to
         | increased network traffic and bandwidth usage) nor identified
         | any secret speech recognition code on the client (which would
         | be noticeable due to severely shortened battery life). Nobody
         | who's worked in adtech has come forward to blow the whistle or
         | admit that they shipped this feature for a big tech company.
         | 
         | I get why it's an appealing conspiracy from a gut instinct
         | perspective, but it really makes no sense. When you're
         | observing the behavior of billions of people and using machine
         | learning algorithms trained to get the best results possible,
         | some uncanny shit will naturally result. Look at how effective
         | LLMs like ChatGPT have gotten _without_ an obvious route to
         | profitability, then think about how much more money has been
         | invested into ad targeting algorithms just in the last couple
         | decades alone.
        
         | JohnFen wrote:
         | > I was in ad-tech for a bit in the last decade
         | 
         | I'm glad that you got out! I tend to be shy about calling
         | things "evil", but I really do think the entire ad-tech
         | industry qualifies.
        
         | failuser wrote:
         | I need to try disabling adblock and say random words. Chariots,
         | chariots. Had anyone tested that?
        
       | moomoo11 wrote:
       | How do these ad tech engineers at google and meta feel when they
       | see posts like this?
       | 
       | "Haha I made that xD. Oh well 600k tc lol"
        
         | Gigachad wrote:
         | Some people have no problems developing literal killing
         | machines, or even using them. I'm not at all surprised some
         | have no problem building advertisement targeting.
        
           | moomoo11 wrote:
           | I guess you're right. Even the Death Star engineers were
           | probably excited to be working on cutting edge tech.
        
             | version_five wrote:
             | There are lots of coherent arguments (whether you agree
             | with them or not) about why defence tech could be
             | considered valuable. Ad-tech has a lot less going for it.
        
         | jonas21 wrote:
         | Live photos are an Apple feature.
        
       | Calvin02 wrote:
       | If I were running a social network, I would prioritize using AI
       | to describe photos and using that as part of the targeting data
       | over the 1-1.5 seconds of audio in Live Photos.
        
         | nullsense wrote:
         | I would presume they're already past that point and just want
         | all they can get.
        
       | giobox wrote:
       | This is actually a wider issue with live photos IMO - people
       | often share them not remembering or noticing snippets of private
       | conversations can be present. I have live photos enabled by
       | default and have to remind myself to check the audio before I
       | forward a picture quite often, or remember to turn it back to a
       | static image. Sending your mother baby pics while your spouse
       | moans about the mother-in-law in background, that kind of
       | thing...
       | 
       | I'd actually probably get a lot of use from a feature whereby
       | live photos displays a quick transcript of any words it picked up
       | in the recording over the top of the image, or in a prompt, any
       | time you try to share one with clear button to remove it. Similar
       | to the local voicemail transcription feature, then I wouldn't
       | have to waste time playing the recording. You could probably add
       | the same detected words to the photos search index too.
        
         | benguild wrote:
         | agreed
        
         | bobmaxup wrote:
         | > your spouse moans about
         | 
         | bemoans?
        
           | giantrobot wrote:
           | No, moans.
           | 
           | So that's how it is in their family... /Rooney
        
           | czx4f4bd wrote:
           | https://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/moan+about
        
         | ok_dad wrote:
         | There's a setting in iPhones which will just send the static
         | image when you share images.
        
           | giobox wrote:
           | Right, but I don't want to always send static images either.
        
             | hackernewds wrote:
             | Live photos do not even load on Android
        
               | kevviiinn wrote:
               | What does that have to do with this?
        
               | BLKNSLVR wrote:
               | Points out the ecosystem this issue is limited to
        
         | tremon wrote:
         | Sorry, I must be from the previous century... what is a "live
         | photo" and why does it include audio?
        
           | detaro wrote:
           | it's an iOSism for "short video clip"
        
       | umeshunni wrote:
       | Is this the 2023 Tin Foil hat version of Instagram is listening
       | to your microphone all the time?
        
         | lancesells wrote:
         | https://www.businessinsider.com/instagram-camera-on-when-not...
         | 
         | "Caused by a bug"
        
           | june_twenty wrote:
           | I'd imagine it would be leaked if they were actually doing
           | it. The bug story holds up imo.
        
       | pcdoodle wrote:
       | Another thing to consider: A 3d fingerprint of a space can be
       | created with live photos. I'm sure object recognition benefits
       | from the small perspective changes as well.
        
       | version_five wrote:
       | I guess I'm old. Is "live photo" a new name for video? This is
       | the first time I've heard the term.
        
         | JohnFen wrote:
         | I'd never heard of them either. Seems to be an iPhone thing.
         | 
         | "Basically, Live Photos on iPhone is a regular digital photo
         | and a short 2 seconds video recording the few moments before
         | the photo. Essentially, the iPhone camera captures 2 media
         | files, one photo and one video. When viewing a Live Photo, the
         | operating system, iOS plays the video file first and then it
         | shows the picture."
         | 
         | The part that makes me feel old is that I have literally no
         | idea why this sort of thing would be useful or desirable.
        
           | lilyball wrote:
           | It's actually really nice. Not only does it provide a really
           | good effect when swiping between photos in your photo album
           | (it plays a bit of that video during the swipe, so your photo
           | basically animates into place), but it often captures some
           | really good stuff. I can't tell you in how many photos of my
           | kids I've found utter delight in the live portion.
           | 
           | It also lets you pick a different key frame, so if e.g. you
           | get someone blinking, you can pick a different frame from the
           | video to use instead.
           | 
           | And if you capture photos back to back such that the live
           | portions overlap, you can convert the group of photos into a
           | single contiguous video.
        
           | myhf wrote:
           | It's similar to the "burst mode" that digital cameras have
           | used for decades to capture exact moments during fast action.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burst_mode_(photography)
           | 
           | Adding sound can make these bursts more pleasant. But there
           | is no easy way to disable or remove the audio.
        
           | majormajor wrote:
           | They can be fun, you get a photo plus a short video "for
           | free." Much easier than filming constantly and editing things
           | down later. You can pick a different key frame to display as
           | well, so it can be a good way to fix an awkwardly-timed yawn
           | or such.
           | 
           | I don't use them personally, though, but I'm a curmudgeon
           | about my camera controls ;)
           | 
           | I think Google added something similar in their Pixel camera
           | app.
        
             | JohnFen wrote:
             | Eh, I think this is just one of those things I don't "get".
             | A 2 second video seems without value to me.
        
               | majormajor wrote:
               | From the POV of the user it's much more "a photo" than a
               | video. It just gives you a bit of extra context and
               | ability to pick your key frame.
        
         | leroy-is-here wrote:
         | When on an iPhone and viewing a "live photo", you can hold down
         | on the screen and the image turns into a short video leading up
         | to the moment of the photo.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ben_w wrote:
         | Apple thing; they're short clips of about a second, with a few
         | options for displaying as loops or long exposures.
         | 
         | I've used them _deliberately_ perhaps twice, and wish I knew
         | how to force all the far more numerous _accidental_ uses into
         | normal jpgs as I don 't want to waste any of the limited iCloud
         | storage space on video I'll never watch.
        
           | orf wrote:
           | I just took a Live Photo and a non-raw photo of the same
           | thing. The size is identical, likely because Live Photos
           | compress really, really well.
        
           | RheingoldRiver wrote:
           | Samsung has something like this too, though I'm not sure what
           | it's called. My mom was showing me "photos" she'd taken
           | recently, and they all had 1-2 seconds of "noise" (motion)
           | surrounding them. To me there is no appeal in this as a
           | default setting, it just shows off how unsteadily you hold
           | your phone when taking a picture. But I can see how an
           | experienced photographer might take advantage of it when
           | capturing moving targets.
        
       | chatmasta wrote:
       | There are a few separate issues here:
       | 
       | 1) photos permission includes access to full file for each photo,
       | including geotagged metadata and any audio from "live photo"
       | 
       | This seems desirable and working as expected. You might
       | legitimately want to share the live photo, or the photo with
       | metadata. However, it would be nice if the photo picker asked you
       | whether you wanted to share with metadata. (Note: unlike the
       | photo picker in native apps, the Safari file picker, ie the HTML5
       | <input type="file" />, _does_ strip EXIF data by default.)
       | 
       | 2) it's easy to take a live photo without realizing it, and
       | similarly easy to share it
       | 
       | This could be improved when selecting photos within the photo
       | picker. There should be an option to separately select the static
       | or full file (maybe with a long press).
       | 
       | 2) granting access to "all photos" doesn't alert you when an app
       | accesses a photo without you selecting it for some reason
       | 
       | This used to be much worse, when the default and only option was
       | to grant access to all photos, or no photos. Ever since Apple
       | added the option to select which photos an app can access, I
       | think this is less of a problem. But there is an education issue;
       | people don't realize that "all" means the app can truly read all
       | your photos, including geotagged metadata and audio of live
       | photos, even without you selecting one to "upload" (or "do
       | something with," depending on the purpose of the app). Even as a
       | relative expert, I never understood this until I saw a demo app
       | (to prove the privacy issue) that looped through all your photos
       | and displayed your geotagged locations.
       | 
       | But even if people did realize this, there is no indication that
       | an app has accessed a photo, like there is with the icon
       | indicating the microphone or camera was used recently. Perhaps a
       | solution to this could be changing the photo picker to overlay a
       | green dot on any photo the app has accessed.
        
         | benguild wrote:
         | Would be interesting to see Apple show which apps accessed what
         | photo and perhaps why!
        
           | chatmasta wrote:
           | Definitely. And it would be a lot more interesting if they
           | tracked it for a few months and then rolled out the reporting
           | feature retroactively :)
        
         | lilyball wrote:
         | FWIW my understanding is you don't get geotagging information
         | on photos unless you've requested location access too.
        
       | blakesterz wrote:
       | I can see how that apps COULD do this, but is there any evidence
       | any apps actually do "listen" to live photos? I don't see any
       | evidence presented.
       | 
       | I actually don't doubt it, I'd just like to see some kind of
       | evidence it's being done.
        
         | testHNac wrote:
         | If they didn't till today, they will start now.
        
           | anamexis wrote:
           | Why would random 1 second snippets of audio from when photos
           | were being taken be useful to advertisers?
        
             | alephxyz wrote:
             | Ultrasonic beacon tracking + being able to tell if someone
             | is indoors, in a vehicle, at a concert, sporting event,
             | watching something on tv, etc
        
               | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
               | I would expect that you could tell if someone was
               | indoors, in a vehicle, at a concert, or sporting event
               | based upon the content of the photo.
        
               | bastawhiz wrote:
               | Most photos have a timestamp and geotag. Knowing whether
               | you're in a vehicle, at a concert or sporting event, or
               | really doing just about anything can be gathered from
               | that information as well as whatever the photos is of.
               | One second of audio isn't giving much (additional) useful
               | data.
        
             | godelski wrote:
             | Training ML models
        
               | hackernewds wrote:
               | ??? is this a meme
        
               | godelski wrote:
               | Why would this be a meme?
        
             | NotYourLawyer wrote:
             | Because there are billions of them.
        
               | bastawhiz wrote:
               | All of those individual seconds don't add up to a sum
               | greater than their parts. There are trillions
               | (quadrillions?) of seconds of reality that those same
               | cameras/microphones didn't capture. Capturing a single
               | second of each of a billion people's lives isn't really
               | all that useful, especially for advertisers.
        
               | SketchySeaBeast wrote:
               | "Based upon our spying people spend a large amount of
               | time saying '...eese'. Can someone please find out what
               | 'eese' is?"
        
               | NotYourLawyer wrote:
               | I'm willing to bet that an AI could learn a lot about a
               | person by listening to a large number of short audio
               | clips, together with the photos themselves.
        
               | bastawhiz wrote:
               | One second isn't even long enough to hear the full
               | pronunciation of all of most English words. Let's say
               | people take ten photos per day. Let's generously say that
               | captures ten random spoken words. Ten random words per
               | day is hardly enough for a _human_ to learn anything
               | about a person, let alone AI. AI cannot magically conjure
               | data from noise.
               | 
               | And when you think about what people take pictures of
               | (their parking spot, selfies, nudes, landmarks, birthday
               | cakes, sunsets, cats), what's heard is likely not even
               | relevant to the picture taker's life or interests. If I
               | look at all of the photos I've taken in the last two
               | weeks, I've got:
               | 
               | - Cat (2) - Building (1) - Stuff in my home (6) - Selfie
               | (4)
               | 
               | All thirteen photos were taken in ~silence.
        
               | fauxpause_ wrote:
               | There are billions of ants
        
         | soared wrote:
         | It's more feasible that an app would analyze the metadata and
         | image itself than the audio, and I don't think we've seen that
         | happening.
        
           | lancesells wrote:
           | Meta analyzes the metadata and image. I would be shocked if
           | they aren't analyzing the audio of Live Photos since their
           | release.
        
             | soared wrote:
             | For ad targeting?
        
       | kristo wrote:
       | I have been using social media strictly through mobile Safari for
       | a month now and my ads have gotten so insanely irrelevant. It
       | made me wonder what data they were getting from the app that they
       | don't have access to any more
        
       | Nextgrid wrote:
       | A similar risk exists with geotagged photos.
       | 
       | Even if you don't mind it accessing locations from individual
       | photos, nothing prevents the app from scanning your entire
       | library and getting _all_ the locations from there too.
       | 
       | Same risk with timestamps - the app can get a list of all the
       | timestamps and use that to confirm/refute other fuzzy datapoints
       | collected elsewhere (web tracking, etc).
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-05-18 23:00 UTC)