[HN Gopher] Taxonomy of Procrastination
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Taxonomy of Procrastination
        
       Author : DerekBickerton
       Score  : 214 points
       Date   : 2023-05-15 16:23 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (dynomight.net)
 (TXT) w3m dump (dynomight.net)
        
       | breckinloggins wrote:
       | > Is there a failure mode from having too much willpower?
       | 
       | Yes.
       | 
       | I was a terribly undisciplined child and carried much of that
       | with me into college and early adulthood, so I spent over a
       | decade doing "self discipline workouts".
       | 
       | I'm happy to report that it worked: I now have the ability to
       | tell myself "you need to do X" and I will indeed do X. No matter
       | how unpleasant. No matter how long it takes.
       | 
       | I'm unhappy to report that it worked: I can willpower myself into
       | burnout easily and only notice how unhealthy I was being when I
       | force myself (or my partner gently forces me) to take a vacation.
       | 
       | Overall I'm happy with the tradeoff, but it _is_ possible to
       | become an incredibly unhealthy version of yourself by
       | overcorrecting on procrastination.
        
         | jgauth wrote:
         | What is a self discipline workout?
        
           | breckinloggins wrote:
           | Someday I should write an entire blog post about that, but
           | basically:
           | 
           | 1. Promise yourself you will do thing tomorrow
           | 
           | 2. If you do thing tomorrow, make another promise and repeat
           | (but maybe a more challenging thing)
           | 
           | 3. If you fail to do thing tomorrow, make another promise and
           | repeat (but a WAY less challenging thing)
           | 
           | Example:
           | 
           | 1. I will do 1 pushup tomorrow
           | 
           | 2a. Tomorrow happens, I do pushup. I promise myself I'll do 2
           | pushups tomorrow.
           | 
           | 2b. Tomorrow happens, I don't do pushup. I promise myself
           | I'll bend my knees in something vaguely resembling a
           | squatting stance tomorrow
           | 
           | I definitely recommend books like "Atomic Habits" and "The
           | Power of Habit" for getting ideas that might work for you.
        
             | tpoacher wrote:
             | "Someday"
        
               | breckinloggins wrote:
               | Nobody's perfect, and besides... I haven't promised
               | myself yet, so technically it isn't procrastination! :)
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | When someday arrives, I'm going to be really friggin'
               | busy
        
             | kworks wrote:
             | I used (and use) a similar approach to develop the habit of
             | writing everyday.
             | 
             | For example, if I'm scheduled to write for 3 hours and I
             | feel too much resistance, I write for less time. Maybe 2
             | hours. If I'm super resistant, I invoke the 'nuclear
             | option' and write for no more than 30 mins, or even less.
             | 
             | Much more important than hitting some predetermined target
             | is writing everyday no matter what. To be forthright, it's
             | not particularly difficult once I get going. The writer in
             | me wants to write; that guy just needs a little coaxing
             | sometimes.
             | 
             | I learned of the 'nuclear option' from an unfortunately
             | titled book by Jerrold Mundis called 'Break Writer's Block
             | Now'. The title is pretty cheesy but the book is gold. It's
             | designed to be read (and applied) over an afternoon,
             | perhaps 3-4 hours. It works. The proof is me. I've been a
             | professional screenwriter for several years now as a result
             | of daily effort.
             | 
             | I guess the most important thing I've learned is that
             | punishment doesn't work (at least for me). But gentle,
             | consistent practice does.
        
             | imhoguy wrote:
             | 0. I am going to start that workout tomorrow. /s
        
             | dkarras wrote:
             | how does it work though? sounds like you are being rewarded
             | for not holding your own end of the promise (next day you
             | do less challenging thing). I'm not saying punishment
             | should work better but curious how it works.
        
               | breckinloggins wrote:
               | > sounds like you are being rewarded for not holding your
               | own end of the promise
               | 
               | That's a risk, but I find that overall I pick things just
               | hard enough to be challenging but just easy enough to
               | make myself do. Then I do those things consistently until
               | they become my new baseline and I increase the challenge.
               | (2 pushups, 10, 20 pushups + putting on jogging shoes,
               | ...).
               | 
               | The big idea is to pick things that you're almost certain
               | you'll do. Falling back to smaller promises should be the
               | exception.
               | 
               | > curious how it works.
               | 
               | Slowly, with lots of restarts, but the advantage of this
               | method is that no matter how many times you fall off the
               | wagon (and no matter how far you fall) you have something
               | simple to start again.
               | 
               | Starting over at the proverbial "1 pushup" after you've
               | spent time and effort building it up to so much more than
               | that definitely sucks, but it's far better than other
               | alternatives I've tried (such as waiting until I have the
               | massive motivation needed to restart from exactly where I
               | stopped).
               | 
               | Edit: I think it works for me because it slowly builds up
               | self trust, which then becomes a positive feedback loop.
        
               | elefanten wrote:
               | I can corroborate this method and perspective on why it
               | might work. With a backstory similar to yours but earlier
               | in the journey to transformation / success, I've found
               | that locking in "wins" and completing the cycle of intent
               | to follow-through turned out to be much more valuable and
               | helpful than I ever imagined when I was slogging through
               | the long era of seeking change but preemptively
               | dismissing all visible paths.
               | 
               | Thanks for sharing and thanks for putting possible future
               | obstacles / challenges on my radar!
        
         | natdempk wrote:
         | Out of curiosity, what did you do as "self-discipline
         | workouts"?
        
         | chinchilla2020 wrote:
         | This sounds similar to the book 'atomic habits'
        
         | nvarsj wrote:
         | Hah this sounds familiar. My life is a series of waves of high
         | productivity and career growth, followed by troughs of burnout
         | and depression. I just don't know if I'm wired to be hyper
         | productive, or if anyone is, really.
        
         | quijoteuniv wrote:
         | Looks interesting, i ll save it to read later.
        
         | TeMPOraL wrote:
         | I'll happily buy this skill off you - it's still better than
         | attempting to willpower myself into doing anything _and
         | failing_.
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | You just need to find the right loot box to upgrade your
           | abilities
        
           | comet-engine wrote:
           | [dead]
        
       | trabant00 wrote:
       | I have this weird conspiracy theory based on absolutely nothing
       | that all the procrastination hype is sponsored by state actors of
       | the western world who are worried we are falling behind the east
       | in terms of productivity per capita.
       | 
       | I mean I'm sure some people suffer from real procrastination, but
       | these cases are quite easily identified: horrible junk filled
       | houses, terrible hygiene and health, no job, things of the sort.
       | 
       | Except these extreme cases, yeah, everybody could do more of
       | everything and be more productive. But think about it, no
       | organism wants to burn energy unless absolutely necessary. Any
       | effort you undertake costs you something. A broken back and a
       | broken mind are not exactly rare for heavy workers. If you have
       | your needs covered why would go with "more is better"? There's no
       | undertaking without risk or cost.
        
         | lazide wrote:
         | I'm not sure you're talking about the type of procrastination
         | people complain about.
         | 
         | It seems more like you're saying 'you don't need to be working
         | on that second side gig'. Which, sure (Assuming someone isn't
         | on the edge of insolvency due to lack of income, anyway and has
         | tried cutting back on expenses.).
         | 
         | But what typically causes people to complain are things like -
         | procrastinating looking for a job because the market is tight
         | and scary. Or procrastinating on doing the taxes because ugh,
         | or procrastinating on finding that weird production data
         | corruption bug that is going to suck.
         | 
         | Which have consequences, and cause a lot of stress avoiding
         | them, and realistically aren't actually optional.
         | 
         | Like ADHD meds, the tools can help someone go in the wrong
         | direction 'harder' if used without thinking about it or if
         | someone has a bad plan.
         | 
         | A shitty environment and unrealistic workload isn't going to
         | NOT result in burnout if it doesn't get better, no matter how
         | much Adderall someone takes, or how good they get at tackling
         | procrastination.
         | 
         | But if taking care of something (like looking for a better
         | job!) will produce a better outcome, but someone is
         | procrastinating, then the tools can help.
        
         | CrampusDestrus wrote:
         | Procrastination feels absolutely terrible, just like binge
         | eating. You know it's wrong but you keep doing it because you
         | are not in a good place mentally.
         | 
         | Even if ending procrastination led to no increase in
         | productivity it would still be a good achievement for mental
         | wellness
        
       | geye1234 wrote:
       | Neil Fiore's book _The Now Habit_ helped me quite a bit with
       | procrastination (I saw a recommendation on HN years ago, but
       | haven 't heard it mentioned much since). One key point to
       | remember is that procrastination is first and foremost an
       | emotional problem, not a time-management problem.
        
       | akhayam wrote:
       | Nicely written.
       | 
       | Before taxonomies and remediation, I would watch Tim Urban's
       | absolutely legendary TedX talk that humanizes procrastination--
       | despite all its ills--and how to empathize with procrastinators
       | (inside and around you):
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=arj7oStGLkU&pp=ygUacHJvY3Jhc...
        
       | MilStdJunkie wrote:
       | "Why does Jim exist?" Forgive me for being blunt, but I think it
       | might be winter.
       | 
       | Using resources to chase low-probability goods in a sharply
       | resource constrained environment is a lethal strategy. See also:
       | why being rich makes it easier to strike oil when investing, aka
       | the Risk Premium.
       | 
       | We've had such a fortunate run the last few decades that we've
       | forgotten just how potent a skill "holing up" was, and likely
       | will be again. Psychological illnesses like depression, maybe a
       | similar reason for passing the great evolutionary filter.
        
         | piyh wrote:
         | Depression sticking around isn't a sign it's evolutionarily
         | fit.
        
           | MilStdJunkie wrote:
           | Oh! Not now, no. No it is all bad. Definitely maladaptive.
           | But how did it make its way through the millennia without
           | killing everyone it touched and disappearing? Because a lot
           | of the carriers survived, and maybe because of it, or - more
           | likely - because of some trait related to it, like fat
           | metabolism or some form of environmental tolerance. Sickle
           | cell is the poster boy for this kind of thing - we though it
           | was just all bad, it turned out to be adaptive for a
           | particular environmnt.
        
           | twoquestions wrote:
           | If my understanding of history is reliable, there are times
           | when being in such a state can help your odds of survival,
           | like if your country is occupied by an insane murdering
           | tyrant. Your body wants to keep you alive much more than it
           | wants to keep you happy.
        
       | Tade0 wrote:
       | > If Jim thinks the reward on effort is too low, he puts a "tax"
       | on that activity.
       | 
       | Actually, considering how old a mechanism this is, his name is
       | not Jim but Grug.
       | 
       | And Grug no see point in doing tax when Grug belly full and cave
       | warm.
       | 
       | We evolved to feel tired an out of energy when our minds asses
       | that a task has a low probability of success. But chores, taxes,
       | phonecalls and moving tickets in JIRA are very recent things from
       | an evolutionary perspective, so it errs on the side of caution.
       | 
       | Personally I use this to fall asleep faster.
        
       | muhaaa wrote:
       | Jim is the collective around you. Jim is a mirror of your
       | position in your social environment. Jim is always looking for
       | clues about your position in your social environment. Jim is
       | looking which role you are playing in society right now.
       | 
       | Jim is there when you are a baby and picking your nose. Jim is
       | reflected in the face of your mother when you wanted to eat the
       | big fat booger and her warm and smiling face turned into an angry
       | and disgusted grimace. There is Jim. Jim turns from an observed
       | behavior as baby to an internalized behavior as adult. If you
       | want to change your behavior there is Jim.
       | 
       | Jim is at the edge of your comfort zone. Jim is at the edge to
       | the unknown. If you venture into new behaviors you will suck at
       | it and Jim will tell you to go back. Jim says its comfortable
       | where you came from.
       | 
       | Watch 1977-1983 Star Wars (which is full of eternal wisdom). Luke
       | fought his Jim before he could fight Darth Vader.
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_qiDuHCKSc8
       | 
       | The same as Luke fought his Jim, we all have to fight our Jims.
       | And as Luke kills dark-side Darth Vader, light-side Anakin
       | Skywalker is reborn. I told you. Star Wars is full of eternal
       | wisdom. The same will happen to you. As you fight, your dark-side
       | you will uncover your Jims light-side. Because Jim is the mirror
       | image of you.
       | 
       | It is your damn RESPONSIBILITY to create the best Jim there is.
       | It is your damn JOB to fight Jim everyday. It is your
       | RESPONSIBILITY and JOB to uncover his light-side one tiny bit
       | each day. Jedi, its our job to save the galaxy from the dark-
       | side. Its worth to die for!
        
         | muhaaa wrote:
         | Here is a nice interepretation on Darth Vader -> Anakin
         | Skywalker transformation.
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PPtdJuNn1oA
        
       | tikkun wrote:
       | Another interesting article from the same author:
       | https://dynomight.net/air/
       | 
       | Another related article on the same topic:
       | https://alexvermeer.com/limit-procrastination/
        
       | litoE wrote:
       | Procrastination is a good thing. Don't put it off until tomorrow.
        
       | augustk wrote:
       | One strategy that never fail me is the The Pomodoro Technique. I
       | usually only do one and then I stay motivated to complete the
       | task.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomodoro_Technique
        
       | Scarblac wrote:
       | It's also good to remember that _Jim is often wrong_.
       | 
       | Last week I found myself procrastinating for hours because
       | something was going to be hard, was vaguely defined, wasn't going
       | to work... and in the end it turned out to be _five minutes work_
       | to try the first thing that came to mind, which was enough to
       | solve the problem.
       | 
       | So in order to fool Jim, don't think about doing that whole big
       | thing you need to do. Just tell yourself you'll only work on it a
       | little bit for, say, ten minutes. Jim can hardly object to that.
       | 
       | And then much of the time, you made some kind of concrete start
       | in that time, and the objections disappear.
        
         | anthonypasq wrote:
         | Unfortunately my Jim is very easily able to object to that.
        
         | hoosieree wrote:
         | This works well for me. I'm in the middle of replicating
         | someone else's research for a paper, so it's fiddly, not very
         | exciting (I expect to confirm their conclusions, +/- some error
         | bars), and hard to remain motivated. But I tell myself "work on
         | this one little part for 30 minutes today" and eventually if I
         | stack enough of those parts together it'll be done.
        
       | ttul wrote:
       | Procrastination always boils down to one thing: the thing you
       | procrastinate about is seen as unpleasant. Whether it's because
       | you think you'll suck at it or because you don't think the
       | outcome matters that much, you imagine that doing the thing will
       | be unpleasant.
       | 
       | Beyond medication, the only thing I've found that works well
       | against procrastination is to tell my brain that it won't be as
       | unpleasant as I think, so long as I can just get started on it.
       | And getting started means literally spending one minute on the
       | thing.
       | 
       | Usually if I can get in that first minute, the thing becomes
       | interesting and then I can make it happen.
        
       | TeMPOraL wrote:
       | Okay, a question then: what if someone's Jim isn't just a random
       | taxman? What if it's raising taxes _for the mob_? What do you do
       | then?
       | 
       | My typical interaction with Jim looks more like:
       | 
       | Jim: "Nah, don't like it; if you want it, here is the new rate."
       | 
       | Me: <tries to pay the extortion money>
       | 
       | Jim: "Oh look at you, aren't you hungry? I know you've just eaten
       | your dinner, but _AREN 'T_. _YOU_. _HUNGRY_. _RIGHT_. _NOW_.? "
       | 
       | Me: <tries to ignore it and power through>
       | 
       | Jim: "What? Is Bob here squeezing your abdomen too tightly? Your
       | chest hurts? He will stop if you stop pursuing this."
       | 
       | Me: "I guess I'd better write a comment on this newest
       | procrastination story on HN."
       | 
       | Jim: "Good call."
        
       | Ancapistani wrote:
       | The linked article is _good_ , but I've found myself drawn in to
       | other of the author's writings. I'm both enjoying them and feel
       | like I'm taking something away from them - that's rare in my
       | experience.
       | 
       | I don't have a "top-level" comment specific to the linked
       | article, but I felt compared to share my impression of the site
       | as a whole. If you've got the time, I highly recommend spending
       | some of it reading this site.
        
         | antod wrote:
         | I found the same thing, already onto reading my third article
         | there. You could almost call it procrastinating.
        
       | SoftTalker wrote:
       | > Taxum 3: Even if you successfully did the thing, you don't
       | really think it will matter
       | 
       | This is the killer for me. For most of what I need to do, both
       | "You think no one else will care" and "You yourself won't care"
       | are true. Not only do I think no one else will care, I usually
       | _know_ that no one else will care. In cases where they do care,
       | it 's short term: They care that the thing gets done, but once it
       | is done, they don't care anymore. Because of these things, I
       | myself don't care, and it's hard to get motivated to do anything.
        
       | JohnMakin wrote:
       | I have mild executive dysfunction that only seldomly interferes
       | with my work. A strategy to defeating "Jim" as the article
       | defines him, for me, is I often have trouble completing tasks if
       | the goal/task is too broad. Going with agile methodology terms,
       | if something is assigned to me that could be recategorized as as
       | an epic with a bunch of sub-tasks or stories, it's very likely I
       | procrastinate on that task, because I am not easily able to
       | envision the series of steps to accomplish the larger goal.
       | 
       | So, I keep notes and to-do lists. I try to break tasks into as
       | small of sequential tasks as possible, and then go back and prune
       | this list throughout the week/day/hour, depending on how urgent
       | it is and how bad the procrastination is.
       | 
       | Sometimes these tasks are extremely simple. As simple as "turn on
       | your computer" sometimes. Completing them and checking it off
       | gives that little dopamine burst and the confidence to continue
       | the task. All you have to do is make sure that your smaller tasks
       | are organized in a way that allow you to complete the larger goal
       | (which admittedly isn't always easy).
        
         | sandymcmurray wrote:
         | This is me as well. I don't naturally 'see' that a task is
         | actually a bunch of smaller, easier tasks. It's easier not to
         | start when you're not sure where to start.
        
         | Ancapistani wrote:
         | I do this, but I honestly don't know if it helps or not; or, to
         | be more specific, I don't know if my actually breaking down the
         | task is what helps or if it's simply a means of coaxing myself
         | into thinking about the task long enough to get "in flow".
         | Outside of flow, doing anything else is easier than doing the
         | task. Inside of flow, it's just as difficult to _stop_ working
         | on it as it was to _start_ working on it in the first place.
         | 
         | Either way, I write things down. I used paper notebooks for
         | years before moving to a Markdown-formatted git repository that
         | is automatically built into a static site when I push it to the
         | remove. These days I've taken to using a reMarkable 2, an
         | e-paper tablet. The fact that I enjoy using it adds to its
         | utility, but I'm not yet sure if it's something I'm going to
         | stick with long term.
        
       | 300bps wrote:
       | There's a lot of research out there already that the OP doesn't
       | seem to be aware of.
       | 
       | For one very helpful example: the book, "Solving the
       | Procrastination Puzzle". One of the best techniques to solving
       | procrastination is "Just Get Started". It addresses a lot of the
       | objections that the OP brings up because very simply the tasks we
       | dread aren't often as bad as we think they will be. If we just
       | get started, we often find the challenge even enjoyable. Here is
       | ChatGPT-4's summary of the techniques in the book:
       | 
       | [redacted]
        
         | morning-coffee wrote:
         | > Here is ChatGPT-4's summary of the techniques in the book
         | 
         | Ugh. Now I need to decide if ChatGPT hallucinated something in
         | this summary, or if its otherwise factual.
        
           | dang wrote:
           | Users flagged the GP comment. With 300bps's permission, I
           | redacted the GPT-generated bit and restored the post.
           | 
           | (HN users are allergic to LLM generated comments, including
           | summaries. We don't know yet how the current AI wave is going
           | to play out on HN but for the time being the community is
           | super sensitive about not letting generated content permeate
           | the threads and I think it's the right call for now.)
        
         | jvican wrote:
         | > There's a lot of research out there already that the OP
         | doesn't seem to be aware of.
         | 
         | You don't need to undermine someone's position to add more
         | context. I like the additional context you add, but I believe
         | you'd be better off without the judgment. It's unwarranted, and
         | being an avid follower of the OP's blog, I'm pretty sure the
         | author knows these facts about procrastination.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | rektide wrote:
       | _On having enough socks_ is a very related discussion about
       | executive function, which also has an incredible breakdown of why
       | we don 't get stuff done. A pretty large discussion happened
       | recently, https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35812525
       | https://gwern.net/socks
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | juris wrote:
       | Nahaha, great writing! Though, the irony of reading this and
       | articles like these (as they often come up, or maybe that is my
       | selection bias)... right now? Thanks, Jim.
        
       | kayodelycaon wrote:
       | Pretty good article and I especially like the end:
       | 
       | > There's also the non-solution: Give up, reduce your ambitions,
       | and stop calling it procrastination. The only thing worse than
       | not doing the thing is not doing the thing and also beating
       | yourself up about it forever. You weren't designed to overpower
       | Jim all the time, so don't expect to.
       | 
       | As someone with executive impairment severe enough I can't
       | function without medication, it's obvious the presented model of
       | procrastination has gaps and the non-solution is a necessary
       | addition to the equation that's often omitted.
       | 
       | It has been very hard to accept my body or mind failing me is not
       | procrastination and I'm glad it's being mentioned. All of the
       | procrastination strategies presented are still very necessary.
       | They just don't work as well for me.
       | 
       | The important thing is to find what works for you. The article is
       | a good place to start.
       | 
       | Edit: as a side note, I think the ADHD being associated with
       | schizophrenia is due whatever causes schizophrenia initially
       | presenting as ADHD. Related, a lot of bipolar children have been
       | initially diagnosed with ADHD for the that reason.
        
         | ttul wrote:
         | This person tells the truth. If you're procrastinating a task
         | so hard that it has entered the realm of the ridiculous, then
         | perhaps you're not cut out for it. Give up and find something
         | that's more fun.
         | 
         | Unless you're living in the third world, you won't die for lack
         | of perseverance at some dull task. You might lose your job or
         | fail at school, but you won't starve. That's an embarrassingly
         | rich situation to be in. Take advantage of it, is my
         | suggestion.
        
       | EGreg wrote:
       | Or maybe... you shouldn't be doing it alone?
        
       | bobsoap wrote:
       | Well written, fun post!
       | 
       | It reminded me of this classic:
       | https://waitbutwhy.com/2013/10/why-procrastinators-procrasti...
       | 
       | (There's also a TED talk, linked in the article)
        
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