[HN Gopher] Hippo Meat Nearly Became an American Food Staple
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Hippo Meat Nearly Became an American Food Staple
        
       Author : nonethewiser
       Score  : 110 points
       Date   : 2023-05-15 09:54 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.ripleys.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.ripleys.com)
        
       | smcl wrote:
       | I can understand that this was glossed over somewhat to focus on
       | the quirky and bizarre rather than the grim. But here:
       | 
       | > Bison _had become_ nearly extinct
       | 
       | The use of the passive "had become" in the above is hiding a
       | pretty important part of this story - the snippet below from
       | http://www.ozarkbisons.com/aboutbison.php explains a bit more
       | about what happened.
       | 
       | > But the fur trade and other commodities from the Bison is only
       | a small part of the story. The American government encouraged
       | elimination of the Plains Indians' primary food source, the
       | bison. The idea was to kill off the Buffalo to starve the
       | Indians, force them into relatively small areas, or north into
       | Canada - make their food source either scarce or non-existent.
       | The results would be starvation and high infant mortality amongst
       | the Indian populations that would pave the way west for European
       | settlement and the start of the western beef industry
       | 
       | So they didn't really just "become" nearly extinct, they were
       | very deliberately eliminated in a sort of genocidal effort. Not
       | saying people shouldn't enjoy the story (because it _is_
       | interesting after all), I just think this additional context is
       | worth knowing.
        
         | boplicity wrote:
         | I found that omission distracting; it made me question the rest
         | of the article, if this important piece of context was not
         | included, you have to wonder what else wasn't included.
        
           | smcl wrote:
           | Yeah I think it could've easily been included (even just a
           | sentence[0] and a link to something that explored it in a bit
           | more detail maybe?) but I don't think there was any malice in
           | its omission. Some people want to rewrite or whitewash
           | history, but I don't think that was the case here.
           | 
           | [0] - update: user jjeaff included an example of the kind of
           | sentence I meant here
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35951313
        
             | boplicity wrote:
             | I think most whitewashing of history comes out of the urge
             | to avoid uncomfortable topics, rather than any malice. The
             | topic of genocide, for example, opens a huge can of worms.
             | It's much easier to keep that can of worms out of sight.
             | 
             | Plus, in the interest of storytelling, you often don't want
             | to open up "threads" in a story that don't support the main
             | plot.
             | 
             | I've noticed this is especially true for children's books.
             | They _have to_ have a happy ending. (I mean, who wants to
             | read a kids book that leaves the kid depressed about
             | history?) Of course, because of this, many kids grow up
             | thinking that  "problems" like racism are things that were
             | solved in the past. And that's because those problems were
             | solved in the books that have been read to them, or that
             | they've read. (This is based on my experience reading many
             | hundreds of books to my kids.)
             | 
             | Anyways, that's a bit of a tangent.
        
               | smcl wrote:
               | Honestly I'm with you on everything you have said in this
               | thread. I was dancing around it because I didn't want to
               | be too accusatory, but I might as well say that what I
               | meant is that if someone's writing little "oo what if we
               | were eating hippos" pieces and the like, I would
               | understand if they didn't want to become a victim of
               | targeted hatred from the weird MAGA guys who can easily
               | get set off by smaller things like this. It may sound
               | silly but they can be dedicated, persistent and creative
               | so if someone figures "it's not worth it for the $x00 I'm
               | getting" then fine.
               | 
               | Note: not accusing anyone in this thread of anything like
               | that, it's pretty cordial as far as I can tell even if I
               | disagree with some
        
           | lovich wrote:
           | How deep do you take that though? The reason why bison were
           | gone doesn't change the fact that they were nearly were at
           | the time and that the introduction of hippos were a
           | replacement. If you need to have every side fact explained in
           | detail, then you're going to have an extremely long, probably
           | book length discussion on any given topic.
           | 
           | I think "bison had become nearly extinct" is accurate enough
           | to show why hippos as a meat source were even a topic of
           | discussion
        
             | boplicity wrote:
             | > How deep do you take that though?
             | 
             | The literal _reason_ they were even thinking about
             | importing hippos was because  "bison had become nearly
             | extinct." It's not exactly going "deep" to spend one or two
             | sentences on _why_ they 'd gone extinct.
             | 
             | Without the genocide, this very likely wouldn't have
             | happened. It's the direct cause, and not a "side fact." I'm
             | confused why you would think otherwise.
        
               | nonethewiser wrote:
               | I posted this article because it highlighted the
               | interesting details about the plan the best, but others
               | suggested meat monopolies were the actual reason. I dont
               | think Bison were a staple prior to 1900 or anything.
               | 
               | If we want to talk about a glaring omission, its that.
        
               | boplicity wrote:
               | >I dont think Bison were a staple prior to 1900 or
               | anything.
               | 
               | You've been misinformed. Bison was the "was the principal
               | food source for Indigenous Peoples of the Plains.[0]"
               | 
               | Indigenous people depended on bison for food; bison were
               | slaughtered wholesale in order to make life as hard as
               | possible for indigenous people to live. This was quite
               | intentional, and extremely horrible. And yes, it sucks,
               | and is uncomfortable to think about. Doesn't mean we
               | should ignore it, though.
               | 
               | [0] http://traditionalanimalfoods.org/mammals/hoofed/page
               | .aspx?i...
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | they are clearly talking about the US as a whole
               | 
               | and the collapse of bison population was multi-causal,
               | attributing it all to an effort to get rid of native
               | americans is frankly ahistorical.
               | 
               | Bison decline was already decidedly in the cards by the
               | time colonizers started large-scale hunting of them, due
               | to the introduction of the horse and the rifle among
               | tribal communities (the popular depiction of plains
               | native americans as long-term bison hunters is a western
               | conjuration not based in reality). [0]
               | 
               | there is a tendency in pop (progressive) history
               | journalism to use the fact that someone said something as
               | evidence that this was the primary motivator for why
               | people did the things they did. (see, for instance, the
               | 1492 project).
               | 
               | [0]: https://www.counterpunch.org/2021/06/09/what-role-
               | did-native...
        
           | nonethewiser wrote:
           | I think it was clearly just out of scope.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | Now I'm imagining an alternate history where the Indians were
         | forced into Canada, and came back years later riding war
         | hippos.
        
           | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
           | > an alternate history where the Indians ... came back years
           | later riding war hippos.
           | 
           | You'd need more than an alternate history, actual hippos
           | aren't that tractable.
        
           | kalupa wrote:
           | I came for hippo burgers but left with hippo warriors
        
         | bequanna wrote:
         | What you're saying isn't false, but I guess I don't understand
         | what you're suggesting. That this article should take some
         | white guilt detour to delve into this topic?
         | 
         | I think most are growing weary of having content about how
         | terrible white people are injected into every possible thing.
        
           | WaxProlix wrote:
           | I don't think the Irish government did this, nor the Germans.
           | And brown Americans' government did. You're the one bringing
           | up white guilt here, and glossing over atrocities can be
           | called out without any need for invoking the idea of racial
           | guilt.
        
           | smcl wrote:
           | I _explicitly_ said that I understood why they didn 't
           | include it - the article was meant to highlight the bizarre
           | idea of hippo meat being introduced in the USA. I commented
           | here because I just thought some HN'ers would like to know a
           | bit more - and I said that too.
           | 
           | I'm not sure how else I could've worded my comment that
           | wouldn't have triggered this kind of reaction :-/
        
           | steve_adams_86 wrote:
           | I don't read that as a cause for guilt as a white person. I
           | wasn't there and I wouldn't currently support that kind of
           | endeavour. I'd almost certainly speak up against it, and I
           | don't hesitate to speak up about injustices that are still
           | occurring.
           | 
           | I read it as important history to take into account moving
           | forward. There's no need for guilt over a past you didn't
           | participate in. There is however a benefit from considering
           | the past and how it affects the present, and an opportunity
           | to be better for it. At no point does anyone need to feel
           | guilty, though.
        
           | jjeaff wrote:
           | Is it really "injecting" to simply be accurate? "Had become
           | extinct" is technically correct. As much as, "Jews had become
           | less populous during World War II."
           | 
           | Teaching real history is not "injecting".
           | 
           | Bison had become nearly extinct due to extreme overhunting by
           | European settlers would be fine. And if pertinent, you could
           | add more reasons for the extreme overhunting.
        
             | boplicity wrote:
             | Why not just call genocide what it is -- genocide? Wouldn't
             | it be far more accurate, and just as concise, to say "Bison
             | had become nearly extinct due to genocide by European
             | settlers"?
        
               | yamtaddle wrote:
               | "Genocide" applied to the killing of animals would be a
               | very unusual usage. Something like "extermination" would
               | probably be more appropriate.
        
               | porkbeer wrote:
               | No it really isnt, that is the most common usage besides
               | ww2 history.
        
               | yamtaddle wrote:
               | Got a source? Webster's and Dictionary.com both list a
               | _single_ sense, and it 's to do with peoples and
               | cultures, not any living thing. I'm sure it's been used
               | that way on occasion, but I'm quite confident that's not
               | a common usage, and employing it for a general audience
               | would tend not to be the best choice.
               | 
               | (as another poster noted, the extermination was _part of_
               | a genocide, that 's true, but it remains weird to
               | describe extermination of animals as "genocide" in this
               | kind of context, where we're evidently concerned that the
               | reader might not be aware of why the bison were few in
               | number--it's strange to imply we committed genocide
               | _against bison_. That is definitely not a normal way to
               | phrase that.)
        
               | smcl wrote:
               | The genocide in question is that of the indigenous
               | people, not of the Bison
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | The purpose was to force them onto the reservation, not
               | exterminate them.
               | 
               | See "Empire of the Summer Moon".
               | 
               | https://www.amazon.com/Empire-Summer-Moon-Comanches-
               | Powerful...
               | 
               | An excellent read for anyone curious about the history of
               | this.
        
               | ethanbond wrote:
               | I'm comfortable calling an extermination attempt the
               | actions that would certainly destroy their culture and
               | history and food supply and language.
        
               | yamtaddle wrote:
               | If we're adding detail to the story because we think the
               | reader might not be aware of why there weren't many bison
               | left, I'm not sure:
               | 
               | > Bison had become nearly extinct due to genocide by
               | European settlers
               | 
               | is going to help. Any reader who'd benefit from
               | specifying why bison had been largely wiped out, probably
               | won't connect the dots here, and will instead read that
               | as genocide against bison. Readers who read "genocide" as
               | referring to "genocide against indigenous people, part of
               | which was eradication of bison" didn't need any of this
               | called out to begin with.
        
               | smcl wrote:
               | I don't think it's right to hold a comment on HN to the
               | same standards as a magazine article, though. It's
               | entirely possible to write that sentence you had a
               | problem with in a way that describes what happened
               | without any confusion.
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | barbazoo wrote:
         | This reminds me of an English term that, to me as an ELL,
         | sticks out like a sore thumb every time I see it: Landfill. It
         | almost sounds like we're doing something admirable by filling
         | the land where there's an emptiness rather than saying what it
         | really is, a place where we dump our garbage waiting for it to
         | decompose, creating a hostile environment for everyone and
         | everything around.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | ajb wrote:
           | Yes, it probably was a euphemism originally, but negative
           | connotations catch up pretty fast:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euphemism#Euphemism_treadmill
        
           | callalex wrote:
           | Landfill is what the government calls them. The commonly used
           | term is dump.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | smcl wrote:
           | That's an interesting perspective, I hadn't ever broken the
           | word down and thought about it like that! However from the
           | perspective of a native speaker, I can't imagine anyone
           | thinks there's anything admirable about a "landfill". It's
           | possible that it's a euphemism preferred by the local
           | authority or whoever has to handle the rubbish we generate,
           | but really we all know what it is referring to.
        
           | akiselev wrote:
           | They're called landfills because of the method used to
           | dispose the garbage: digging out a trench, covering the
           | garbage with dirt, and compacting it to prevent rodents [1].
           | The land is literally "filled in" with garbage.
           | 
           | Before that trash was either incinerated, which caused lots
           | of air pollution, or just dumped in large piles that created
           | all kinds of sanitation issues, especially in urban areas. As
           | unsavory as it is to think about, landfills were an actual
           | innovation in waste disposal that exploded in the post war
           | boom, not just a euphemism for a dump.
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresno_Municipal_Sanitary_L
           | and...
        
             | smcl wrote:
             | It's still incinerated plenty of places, iirc Japan does it
             | and I know that at least some of it here is:
             | https://www.teplarny.cz/cs/spolecenska-odpovednost
             | 
             | > Vyuzivame spalovani odpadu. V lete je spalovna hlavnim
             | zdrojem teple vody pro mesto. Vyrabime soucasne elektrinu.
             | 
             | ~= "We are using incinerated waste. In summer the
             | incinerator is the main source of hot water for the city.
             | At the same time we're producing electricity."
             | 
             | They do have a couple of charging ports at the _teplarny_
             | near me, but I don 't know how much electricity they
             | produce.
        
               | akiselev wrote:
               | Yeah modern incineration is a totally different beast
               | with flue gas cleaning systems [1].
               | 
               | Before wet scrubbers [2] and some other clean air
               | technology reached mass production - largely in the 70s
               | iirc, because of EPA & California Air Resources Board
               | pressure on coal power plants - incineration was a much
               | dirtier way of disposing of trash.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incineration#Flue-
               | gas_cleaning
               | 
               | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wet_scrubber
        
           | nonethewiser wrote:
           | Thats a good observation, I never thought of it like that. Im
           | not sure where you are, but its also called a dump in the US.
        
         | whimsicalism wrote:
         | The collapse of bison population was multi-causal, attributing
         | it all to an effort to get rid of native americans is frankly
         | ahistorical.
         | 
         | Bison decline was already decidedly in the cards by the time
         | colonizers started large-scale hunting of them, due to the
         | introduction of the horse and the rifle among tribal
         | communities (the popular depiction of plains native americans
         | as long-term bison hunters is a western conjuration not based
         | in reality). [0]
         | 
         | there is a tendency in pop (progressive) history journalism to
         | use the fact that someone said something as evidence that this
         | was the primary motivator for why people did the things they
         | did. (see, for instance, the 1492 project).
         | 
         | The tendency to valorize Native Americans as somehow above
         | material trends, not prone to waste, etc. etc. is a cultural
         | invention of the latter 20th century and the counterculture
         | movement.
         | 
         | [0]: https://www.counterpunch.org/2021/06/09/what-role-did-
         | native...
        
           | emodendroket wrote:
           | > The tendency to valorize Native Americans as somehow above
           | material trends, not prone to waste, etc. etc. is a cultural
           | invention of the latter 20th century and the counterculture
           | movement.
           | 
           | It is hard to see why this is relevant to bring up except as
           | a way of excusing the historical incident at hand.
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | > excusing the historical incident at hand.
             | 
             | If the 'historical incident' is the extinction of the
             | bison, then I bring it up because it is directly relevant
             | to our views on the extinction of the bison?
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | The post you're replying to attributes the dwindling
               | bison population to a real, documented effort to starve
               | Amerindians and your response is to say there were other
               | causes besides that and anyway the Indians had their own
               | problems. Both claims may be true but I don't see what it
               | changes.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | > dwindling bison population to a real, documented effort
               | to starve Amerindians
               | 
               | It's a discussion about the cause of bison elimination
               | and I am discussing large proximate causes of bison death
               | in the 19th century. Not sure why this is out of left
               | field for you.
        
               | emodendroket wrote:
               | Because I think that even if they had the wind at their
               | backs, so to speak, and don't deserve full "credit," your
               | post reads like an attempt to minimize what would
               | otherwise read as a shocking act of violence, especially
               | with a coda that seems to serve no real purpose but to
               | denigrate the victims of it.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | > especially with a coda that seems to serve no real
               | purpose but to denigrate the victims of it.
               | 
               | I'm not denigrating Native Americans by rejecting the
               | racist trope that they were too simplistic and culturally
               | at peace with nature to ever destabilize the environment
               | they were in.
               | 
               | I think there is a big gulf between how we are
               | interpreting this thread that I can't bridge. European
               | colonization of the Americas was marked by many, many
               | acts of horrific violence, regardless of whether they
               | were the sole cause of bison extinction.
        
           | wahern wrote:
           | > The tendency to valorize Native Americans as somehow above
           | material trends, not prone to waste, etc. etc. is a cultural
           | invention of the latter 20th century and the counterculture
           | movement.
           | 
           | Perceiving peoples living outside industrialized society (or
           | whatever is perceived as locally modern) this way is
           | definitely not an invention of the latter 20th century. The
           | flip side to being "less civilized" is having access to
           | ancient concepts and norms that are more "natural" and
           | "wholistic", and Native Americans and others were absolutely
           | described in this ostensibly positive light just as much as
           | they were in a negative, derogatory light. All peoples have
           | done this throughout time; pick any cultural group anywhere
           | and at any time and you'll also find another group who were
           | the objective of such perceptions and ideas.
           | 
           | If latter 20th century and 21st century leftist thinkers
           | wonder how or why such reductive, dehumanizing thinking could
           | become ingrained in a culture, or if they wonder if the
           | people who promoted these reductive identities had ill or
           | good intentions, they need only reflect upon their own
           | narratives.
        
             | smcl wrote:
             | I feel like the issue of whether he left are the real
             | racists (as you seem to be implying) or whether they
             | infantilise indigineous people is a separate one
        
               | wahern wrote:
               | I didn't say the left are the real racists. Racism comes
               | in many shapes and forms, some more obvious than others.
               | (FWIW, I grew up one town away from an infamous "sundown
               | town", where people didn't feel the need to use dog
               | whistles, innuendo, or even bother justifying facially
               | racist ideas and behaviors. I've seen what that sort of
               | racism looks like, watched it morph, and haven't lost
               | track of its whereabouts.) Contemporary criticisms by the
               | left have many salient and important things to say.
               | Separating the constructive criticisms from the intrinsic
               | infirmities isn't easy, however. (Some people, like
               | Tucker Carlson, are better at it than others, and use
               | their skill to loathsome ends.) But one way to start is
               | to identify the problematic threads which their proposed
               | solutions actually share with the harmful dynamics they
               | claim to address.
               | 
               | The left ultimately embraced identity politics because
               | identities can be _empowering_ , culturally and of course
               | politically. But identities are fundamentally and
               | necessarily reductive, from which derives both its
               | empowering capacity, but also derives the ability to
               | readily label people and easily attach presumptions about
               | how certain groups of people behave or should be treated,
               | and to do so systematically and comprehensively. Such
               | labels may seem positive one day, but can easily--perhaps
               | even invariably--evolve into negative stereotypes as
               | culture shifts. Moreover, identities invite one group to
               | project their beliefs about themselves onto other groups,
               | so they can be just as if not more empowering to
               | entrenched powers as they are to the disenfranchised.
               | 
               | Thus, for example, the classic example of the Noble
               | Savage, where Europeans projected their own criticisms
               | about their rapidly changing, industrializing societies
               | onto native peoples in what at face value was often a
               | positive light (and often sincerely intended by some as
               | positive), but which nonetheless furthered deeply harmful
               | stereotypes and presumptions about the cultural,
               | political, and moral capacity of those groups and
               | individuals. The parallels between Noble Savage
               | narratives and today are crystal clear, IMO. It's how you
               | get leftist defenses of "colored people's time" and
               | similar stereotypes (e.g. as in the infamous Smithsonian
               | Poster) as testifying to a true and inherent trait of
               | some racial groups; it can be understood as a positive
               | trait by upper middle class professionals who bemoan the
               | stressful demands of their occupations and wish for a
               | more "relaxed" culture, but that positively bent
               | characterization is fleeting, and its fundamentally
               | controlled by the professional class and subject to their
               | whims, not the disenfranchised to whom it may be intended
               | to defend.
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | ben7799 wrote:
       | "Nearly" seems to be a big stretch.. journalists assuming 99% of
       | the work is the idea and getting it cleared from a regulatory
       | perspective.
       | 
       | Implementation is always so much harder once you have to actually
       | do it then when you just have to talk about it or write articles
       | about it.
        
         | sf_rob wrote:
         | Even post-implementation, even in a poorer era, dietary
         | preferences are sticky. There are fads in farming, for instance
         | my distant family got into the emu hype of the late 90s and
         | lost a decent chunk of money because there was only a small
         | specialty market that never grew. There's also been bison and
         | alpacas.
        
         | johnwalkr wrote:
         | It's easy you just pick the right framework, then domesticate
         | the hippos, then monetize hippos as a monthly service.
        
       | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
       | FYI, this a bad idea because Hippos are not cute placid animals.
       | They are deadly dangerous. They may be herbivorous, but a Hippo
       | is two tons of bad-tempered "aggressive and territorial" bastard,
       | and they can move faster than you can, on land or in the water.
       | 
       | "the hippopotamus is the world's deadliest large land mammal,
       | killing an estimated 500 people per year
       | 
       | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-36320744
        
         | fencepost wrote:
         | So it'd be just like herds of cattle except all of them with
         | the gentle demeanor of uncut bulls in close proximity to other
         | uncut bulls.
         | 
         | Eeeeeeasy! For someone else to do.
        
         | iancmceachern wrote:
         | Cattle are equally, if not more, dangerous, and also kill over
         | 500 people a year in the US
        
           | stephenhuey wrote:
           | There are a little over 100,000 hippos in the world and
           | almost 100 million cattle in the USA, so on a per capita
           | basis it's not even close! My grandfather raised cattle in
           | Texas and we had to be aware at times, but the level of
           | caution was nowhere near the extent needed when my brother
           | and friends went fishing for giwan ruwa ("river elephant" aka
           | Nile perch) in a remote part of Nigeria, because hippos were
           | nearby! And when my friends took a 3-day canoe trip down the
           | Zambezi River, the guides were vigilant about hippos more
           | than anything else, because they are very aggressive when
           | they feel threatened and they can bite a crocodile in half.
           | Cattle are domesticated animals, but hippos are wild!
        
             | iancmceachern wrote:
             | True, but comparing a domesticated animal in a feed lot to
             | wild animals doesn't really track.
             | 
             | Comparing hippo deaths in captive populations, like in
             | zoos, ate more comparable to domesticated farm animals.
        
           | chimeracoder wrote:
           | > Cattle are equally, if not more, dangerous, and also kill
           | over 500 people a year in the US
           | 
           | According to the CDC, it's closer to 25/year[0] (108 over 4
           | years). And that's just raw totals, not accounting for
           | populations size or the relative likelihood of encounters.
           | 
           | People underestimate how dangerous cows are, but hippos are
           | _way_ more aggressive and dangerous.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5829a2.htm
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Also I've seen cows alongside the road many times (as
             | required by international law, you have to moo at them) -
             | but I've never seen a hippo except in a zoo.
        
         | munificent wrote:
         | > the hippopotamus
         | 
         | Jesus Christ, they should find that hippo and take the fucker
         | out before it kills us all.
        
         | dangus wrote:
         | Which is why "nearly became a food staple" is not a very honest
         | headline.
         | 
         | Nobody would have succeeded at this endeavor, so the idea that
         | this "almost" happened is ludicrous.
         | 
         | You might as well say that Star Trek almost invented warp
         | drive.
        
           | Aissen wrote:
           | Mankind has transformed deadly predators (wolves) into
           | routine companions (dogs); and over centuries created
           | multiple species specifically for food consumption (many
           | plants, but also modern cows, sheep, etc.). I think hippos
           | would have been possible; albeit probably not desirable.
        
             | justinator wrote:
             | I think there are many theories that say that the dog had
             | some say in the matter of being domesticated. Could have
             | actually been there idea to start!
             | 
             | It's a wonder how few truly domesticated animals there are
             | which may lead one to believe that it's not so easy or
             | natural. I guess we could give each hippo a lobotomy but
             | that really wouldn't go over well with the PETA crowd and
             | I'm not shy to say I'd probably side with them on this
             | matter.
        
         | bigyikes wrote:
         | > "the hippopotamus is the world's deadliest large land mammal,
         | killing an estimated 500 people per year"
         | 
         | ah yes, the humble hippopotamus, my favorite LLM (sorry
         | llamas!) :)
        
           | qup wrote:
           | They rejected the RLHF, no doubt
        
             | dmm wrote:
             | reinforcement learning from human fatalities
        
               | kerkeslager wrote:
               | This would have been a pretty bad AI (animal invasion).
        
         | Alex3917 wrote:
         | > the hippopotamus is the world's deadliest large land mammal,
         | killing an estimated 500 people per year
         | 
         | I'm pretty sure that excessive consumption of beef and pork
         | kills a lot more than 500 people per year.
        
           | otabdeveloper4 wrote:
           | I'm pretty sure that excessive consumption of sugar kills a
           | lot more than 5 million people per year.
        
             | timeon wrote:
             | How is this relevant?
        
           | rmdashrfstar wrote:
           | The largest and strongest animals are herbivores and yet
           | people are obsessed with eating flesh because "protein", lol
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | Hippos have to graze up to 16 hours a day. Meat is a
             | shortcut that enabled our species to put time into other
             | things that made us the dominant species on the planet.
        
               | timeon wrote:
               | So is wheat/gluten.
        
             | NoMoreNicksLeft wrote:
             | I don't have a rumen or an abomasum.
             | 
             | If you want to be large and strong, the science is
             | irrefutable... eating meat is essential. Nothing
             | substitutes.
        
               | tomjakubowski wrote:
               | How is it possible that meat is "essential" for size or
               | strength, when there are plenty of professional athletes
               | who eat vegan?
               | 
               | This guy weighs 263 pounds, squats > 650, and eats vegan.
               | https://www.openpowerlifting.org/u/ryanjstills
        
               | NoMoreNicksLeft wrote:
               | How is it possible that it's essential, when a 22 yr old
               | juicing to the gills can look like a bodybuilder carved
               | out of marble?
               | 
               | Well, when you're not a 1-in-a-million athlete. That's
               | how it's possible.
        
               | tomjakubowski wrote:
               | Who are you talking about? What juiced-to-the-gills 22
               | year old?
               | 
               | More importantly, what's the science backing your claim
               | that eating meat is essential to becoming big and strong?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | porkbeer wrote:
               | Vegan athletes are a rounding error, and most suppliment
               | with things you would not typically consider vegan, much
               | less nagural.
        
               | tomjakubowski wrote:
               | The claim is that meat is "essential" to become big and
               | strong. Which nutrients in meat are "essential" for this
               | but not in a vegan's diet, so that they have to fill the
               | gap with supplements to be competitive in sports?
               | 
               | For what one anecdote is worth, I'm friends with a former
               | professional athlete who tried a vegan diet after after
               | retiring - and years on he is still as freakishly strong
               | and agile as ever. Many well-known pro athletes have gone
               | vegan during their careers as well: Chris Paul, Venus
               | Williams, Carl Lewis, among others.
               | 
               | https://health.clevelandclinic.org/yes-can-vegetarian-
               | athlet...
               | 
               | https://www.gq.com/story/real-life-diet-chris-paul
        
             | grumple wrote:
             | Herbivores have digestive tracks that are better at
             | breaking down plant matter than ours [1]. They also spend
             | far more time eating [2]. Obviously these are not huge
             | problems these days, since we can grow plants that give us
             | more protein and calories, while being easier to digest.
             | But to say "hippo get strong from eating plant, you get
             | strong from eating plant" is pretty silly. If you spend 5-6
             | hours a day eating grass like a hippo, you will die from
             | starvation.
             | 
             | 1. https://stluciasouthafrica.com/hippo-facts/hippo-
             | digestive-s...
             | 
             | 2. https://ielc.libguides.com/sdzg/factsheets/hippopotamus/
             | diet....
        
             | tomjakubowski wrote:
             | Yes, that's right, those large and strong herbivores are a
             | great source of protein.
        
             | pawelmurias wrote:
             | You should eat only grass for a year and report back how
             | you feel about this.
        
               | Firmwarrior wrote:
               | Does wheat-based cereal count?
        
         | shawabawa3 wrote:
         | Presumably a few generations of selective breeding could get us
         | some nice docile hippos
        
         | justrealist wrote:
         | Un-castrated bulls are also deadly dangerous. We just have a
         | lot of infrastructure around keeping them away from people (and
         | minimizing the number that remain intact).
        
           | chimeracoder wrote:
           | > Un-castrated bulls are also deadly dangerous.
           | 
           | Yes, but nowhere near as dangerous or as aggressive as hippos
           | are.
           | 
           | Cows are domesticated. There's a reason that all attempts to
           | domesticate hippos have failed.
        
             | NoMoreNicksLeft wrote:
             | Dairy bulls are the worst. It might be wrong to say that
             | they are effectively domesticated... the genes for high
             | milk production are tangled up with those for
             | aggressiveness (I hesitate here, "hostility" might be a
             | better word) in males.
        
         | BigCryo wrote:
         | Hey, pigs can be very dangerous too.. many a lad has been treed
         | in rural America in decades past by a herd of feral hogs.. go
         | read the book Old yeller or even watch the movie if books are
         | not your thing
        
           | whizzter wrote:
           | """Legit question for rural Americans - How do I kill the
           | 30-50 feral hippos that run into my yard within 3-5 mins
           | while my small kids play?"""
        
             | moron4hire wrote:
             | I'm assuming you mean pigs, not hippos.
             | 
             | My understanding (and you'll have to check your local laws)
             | is that there is no "hunting season" for wild pigs because
             | they are considered a pest species and thus they can be
             | culled at anytime, with no restriction on type of weapon.
             | 
             | So basically, this is one case where an AR-15 would
             | actually be a decent weapon for civilian use. Most places
             | won't let you use a high-capacity, auto-loading rifle for
             | hunting, but wild-pig-pest-control isn't hunting.
             | 
             | On the other hand, AR-15s are kinda 'spensive, so an AK-47
             | pattern rifle in 7.62x39mm might be a better choice (and
             | surplus ammo is plentiful). The AK-74 pattern rifles in
             | 5.45x39mm that I've seen have tended to be almost as
             | expensive as a "cheap" AR-15, so at that point I don't know
             | why you wouldn't just get an AR-15 for the more common ammo
             | type.
             | 
             | If price is _especially_ a problem, then a Hi Point carbine
             | in 40S &W or 45ACP won't break the bank and should have
             | enough stopping power. Plus, they usually come with some
             | cheap optics that are more than adequate for the effective
             | range of the rifle, which basically makes the thing almost
             | as easy to shoot as a video game. But they are quite, erhm,
             | ugly (mushy trigger pull, bad ergonomics), so if you can
             | swing a more expensive rifle, that'd be preferable.
        
               | zrail wrote:
               | Imma let you finish but 30-50 feral hogs is a meme. See
               | sibling comment.
        
               | moron4hire wrote:
               | Hrm. Well, I guess I "touch grass" too often to have run
               | across that one before.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | LgWoodenBadger wrote:
               | While that used to be true, AK-47/AK-74/etc. types of
               | rifles are typically multiple times more expensive than
               | AR-15s these days.
        
               | moron4hire wrote:
               | Whoa, yeah, just checked. AR-15 prices have really
               | crashed. Glad I talked my dad out of using them as an
               | "investment".
        
               | porkbeer wrote:
               | Investment quality ars are still holding value fine. The
               | cheap ar rifles are... well, cheaply made. Not my
               | favorite feature of a firearm that rests next to your
               | face while use.
        
             | aperson_hello wrote:
             | Clearly the answer is a personal Predator drone fleet
             | carrying hellfire missiles. As is my God-given right to own
             | and use as a red-blooded American.
        
             | jwilk wrote:
             | For the uninitiated:
             | 
             | https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/30-50-feral-hogs
        
               | Firmwarrior wrote:
               | I love that a few people familiar with guns and hunting
               | here just went into a clinical analysis of the
               | feasibility of killing 50 hippos in your yard
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | A good SRE doesn't only prepare for the obvious failure
               | modes, but also considers other possible avenues
               | (especially since if it works for 50 hippos it will
               | _probably_ help against 50 elephants, maybe).
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | Rural Americans have a .30-06 (or similar rifle) and know
             | how to use it, and they often have access to more powerful
             | guns. The question is can you hit a moving target without
             | hitting the kids in the yard - unlikely no matter how much
             | you train.
             | 
             | .30 caliber is a little light for this job, but it will
             | work if you aim well. Generally you would want a more
             | powerful gun.
        
               | skymast wrote:
               | Placement takes precedence over caliber size.
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | I don't think that still holds true at the extremes.
               | These extremes include
               | 
               | 1) very small calibre
               | 
               | 2) high stress situation where quick reaction is needed,
               | very precise placement such as the eye is nigh
               | impossible. "head" is a good as you'll realistically get.
               | 
               | 3) very large animal with a thick skull.
               | 
               | "charging Hippo" is 2 & 3.
        
             | nordsieck wrote:
             | > How do I kill the 30-50 feral hippos that run into my
             | yard within 3-5 mins while my small kids play?
             | 
             | 1. This[1] page suggests:
             | 
             | > The minimum suggested caliber for hunting hippo is a 375
             | and up, using solid bullets.
             | 
             | I assume that means .375 H&H magnum.
             | 
             | If you're actually going to try to kill Hippos, you're
             | going to want to study their anatomy carefully. From what I
             | understand, most hunters take headshots because Hippos are
             | typically mostly submerged. But for most large game, a
             | heart shot is seen as less risky since the brain is
             | surprisingly small and well protected, which is an option
             | unless your yard is deeply submurged.
             | 
             | 2. 30-50 is almost certainly impossible in 3-5 minutes.
             | Even with extensive practice.
             | 
             | Almost all rifles that shoot such high powered ammunition
             | have an integral magazine, which means you'd have to load
             | each bullet individually. And shooting that many targets at
             | speed virtually guarantees that you'll miss their vitals
             | somewhat regularly.
             | 
             | Also, 40-80 rounds of .375 H&H magnum would be extremely
             | physically punishing to shoot.
             | 
             | ---
             | 
             | 1. https://somerbysafaris.com/species/hunting-hippo-in-
             | south-af...
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | > From what I understand, most hunters take headshots
               | because Hippos are typically mostly submerged.
               | 
               | If it's active defence against a Hippo charging at you,
               | "running into your yard" then the Hippo is not mostly
               | submerged.
               | 
               | If you need to clear the swamp of those pesky Hippos
               | before they kill again, then sure.
        
               | kerkeslager wrote:
               | I know that the intention is somewhat humorous here,
               | but...
               | 
               | A lot of caliber recommendations out there are
               | significant overkill, based on limited data. In cases
               | where we _do_ have data, calibers signicantly less
               | powerful than recommendations often prove surprisingly
               | effective.
               | 
               | For example, in a survey of 104 grizzly and polar bear
               | attacks _with handgun calibers_ , there were only 3
               | failures, all of which involved firing after the bear had
               | already caused damage (an automatic failure) or
               | completely missing[1]. You'll often see guys carrying 44
               | magnums in grizzly country, but the evidence seems to
               | suggest that common 9mm rounds are effective enough. Even
               | the lowly 22 rimfire is represented in the data with
               | success against black bears (but not polar bears). I
               | don't know anyone who would recommend 22 rimfire for
               | _deer_ let alone bears.
               | 
               | Given this, I think it's reasonable to select the
               | venerable 7.62x39. This is a common chambering for semi-
               | automatic and even automatic rifles with high-capacity
               | magazines, which would obviate the need to load each
               | bullet individually. It also is easy to obtain armor-
               | piercing rounds in this caliber if penetration is your
               | concern. This is still a punishing round to fire a lot
               | of, but with a modern recoil management system it's
               | manageable.
               | 
               | Additionally, the heart is a small target as well, but
               | luckily most hunters' experience is that larger target
               | including the lung and liver can provide reasonably
               | ethical kills (i.e. the animal dies quickly without a
               | prolonged tracking during which the animal suffers). For
               | most animals striking the scapula proves disabling,
               | allowing for an easier follow-up. So just aiming slightly
               | forward of center of mass should be sufficient--no
               | detailed knowledge of anatomy or high-speed, high-
               | precision shooting needed.
               | 
               | All this is to say that with a different approach,
               | killing what can only be described as a stampede of 30-50
               | hippos in 3-5 minutes isn't as implausible as a more
               | conservative approach might make it seem.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.ammoland.com/2021/06/handgun-or-pistol-
               | against-b...
        
               | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
               | If they're charging at you, it seems most effective to
               | aim for the brain, that's the target (1). I would prefer
               | the armour-piercing rounds, to get through the thick
               | skull.
               | 
               | At that angle, the other vital organs are also well-
               | shielded, by bulk if not by skull.
               | 
               | 1) https://www.istockphoto.com/photo/hippopotamus-
               | running-in-th...
        
               | wcarron wrote:
               | > You'll often see guys carrying 44 magnums in grizzly
               | country, but the evidence seems to suggest that common
               | 9mm rounds are effective enough. Even the lowly 22
               | rimfire is represented in the data with success against
               | black bears (but not polar bears). I don't know anyone
               | who would recommend 22 rimfire for deer let alone bears.
               | 
               | > Given this, I think it's reasonable to select the
               | venerable 7.62x39. This is a common chambering for semi-
               | automatic and even automatic rifles with high-capacity
               | magazines, which would obviate the need to load each
               | bullet individually. It also is easy to obtain armor-
               | piercing rounds in this caliber if penetration is your
               | concern. This is still a punishing round to fire a lot
               | of, but with a modern recoil management system it's
               | manageable.
               | 
               | So, the .308 is extremely common in the US and is
               | somewhat similar to the 7.62x39. A .308 fires a typical
               | round with, oh about 2500 ft-lbs of muzzle energy.
               | Meanwhile a 44mag has maybe 1000 ft-lbs of muzzle energy.
               | An Ak-47 is also 7.62x39 and has ~ 1500 ft-lbs of energy.
               | That's a hell of a lot more grunt than a 44 magnum, any
               | way you dice it.
               | 
               | At that point, skip the armor-piercing or FMJ and go
               | hollow point. There's more than enough power in that
               | round and the larger wound channel is probably a plus.
        
               | FredPret wrote:
               | If you're hunting in the African bush (not the scenario
               | described, I know) I'd want to carry the largest possible
               | caliber. These animals are big and _fast_ - you get one
               | shot if you are lucky.
               | 
               | There are also other animals that share an environment
               | with the hippo that are very well-armoured and hard to
               | kill with one shot, like elephants, Cape buffalo, etc.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | The caliber stuff isn't about the "bear" minimum, it's
               | about overkill because it not working can be an issue.
               | 
               | Reference that Tokyo Joe article posted here a few days
               | ago where the dude took some number of .22 shells direct
               | to the skull _and lived_.
               | 
               | I have read that _too_ high powered a rifle can also be
               | an issue, as the bullet just punches through the animal
               | leaving a small entry wound and a relatively small exit
               | wound, allowing the animal some significant time before
               | it bleeds out.
        
               | nordsieck wrote:
               | > I have read that too high powered a rifle can also be
               | an issue, as the bullet just punches through the animal
               | leaving a small entry wound and a relatively small exit
               | wound, allowing the animal some significant time before
               | it bleeds out.
               | 
               | It's not.
               | 
               | "Solid bullet" typically means hard cast lead; it's a
               | non-deforming bullet. The name of the game when it comes
               | to the "big 5" is penetration. If you hit the brain or
               | heart, it's dead quickly. If not, it'll probably shrug
               | off the wound.
               | 
               | These are animals that fight lions and crocodiles, not to
               | mention other hippos. Their bodies can take pretty
               | massive damage (compared to humans anyhow) and just keep
               | trucking.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | To be fair most game hunting is (at least arguably) for
               | meat or trophy, weaponry that completely turns your hippo
               | into a thin red mist works for hippo control but is hard
               | to mount on your wall, so your CSAM would probably work -
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=heLuUd0VK2s
        
               | RetpolineDrama wrote:
               | Yeah, 30-50 feral hippos in 3-5 minutes is well past "man
               | portable weapon" territory. You're going to need a 40mm
               | autocannon. Preferably on an Apache
        
             | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
             | A big gun, .40 calibre or more, elephant gun if you have
             | it. Aim for the brain.
             | 
             | If your kids are in the way, it would be very hard to get
             | there in time.
             | 
             | https://www.quora.com/What-should-I-use-to-take-down-a-
             | hippo...
             | 
             | https://www.discountafricanhunts.com/africananimals/hippo.h
             | t...
        
           | justinator wrote:
           | Would you rather fight 10 pig sized hippos or one hippo sized
           | pig?
        
             | iancmceachern wrote:
             | Or choice #3 - 4 hungry hippos!
        
         | jokowueu wrote:
         | Technically speaking , arnt humans the most dangerous land
         | mammal ?
        
           | bloomingeek wrote:
           | Yes, but you can't eat them, silly. (All kidding aside, I
           | hear hippo taste like chicken.)
        
           | jylam wrote:
           | "large land mammal"
        
             | nkozyra wrote:
             | I think humans fit that description, though.
        
               | euroderf wrote:
               | Talkin'bout mud flaps, my hippo's got'em.
        
       | jimmytucson wrote:
       | There's no reason to think this would have worked. To quote Jared
       | Diamond, only 14 of 148 large herbivorous mammals have ever been
       | domesticated because they need very specific traits to be
       | domesticable - pleasant disposition being one of them that hippos
       | lack.
       | 
       | Is there any evidence that humans have ever succeeded in
       | domesticating hippos?
        
         | nonethewiser wrote:
         | Domesticated? They planned on releasing them in Lousiana.
         | 
         | Which -- to be clear -- would be WAY worse!
        
         | byyyyy wrote:
         | [dead]
        
       | nonethewiser wrote:
       | The most interesting detail of this story IMO is that they may
       | have been released into the Louisiana bayou. Imagine these
       | creatures wild in the swamps!
        
         | euroderf wrote:
         | They are killers. BAD idea.
        
         | gadders wrote:
         | Probably a bit like this: https://www.dw.com/en/colombia-pablo-
         | escobars-hippo-populati...
        
           | nbardy wrote:
           | > Since Pepe, authorities have been trying, unsuccessfully,
           | to limit hippos' numbers by chemically sterilizing them or
           | castrating them. This is a hard task given their immense
           | size, aggression and internal testicles.
        
       | hnburnsy wrote:
       | Anyone watching Mrs. Davis on Peacock? The Resistance lives in an
       | old Hippo Meat Factory known as the Hippo Campus.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | throwawaydc223 wrote:
       | An excellent long-read of this topic can be found at
       | https://magazine.atavist.com/american-hippopotamus/.
       | 
       | It's one of my favorite pieces of online journalism and goes deep
       | into the unique lives involved and prevailing culture of the
       | team.
        
         | nonethewiser wrote:
         | Thanks you for sharing this. The ripleys article highlighted
         | some interesting points so I chose that, but I was hoping to
         | find a better account. Like the one you shared.
        
         | nonethewiser wrote:
         | How can it be a good article if the word "bison" cant even be
         | found in it?
         | 
         | /s
        
         | karaterobot wrote:
         | Ha, I came here to link the same article. It's really
         | fantastic.
        
       | kernal wrote:
       | It's surprising that the most obvious question hasn't been
       | answered. So what does Hippo meat taste like?
       | 
       | The taste is mild, less than lamb and more than beef, slightly
       | more marbled than usual venison.
        
         | porkbeer wrote:
         | Came here wondering exactly this.
        
       | BigCryo wrote:
       | Our meat Staples here in America are very unhealthy.. we really
       | should be aqua farming cetaceans and walruses and seals and
       | stuff. Loaded with healthy fats... Eskimos eat pure meat and fat
       | from these animals and they never get heart disease.. something
       | to think about..... PostScript... Some would say we should not
       | aquafarm cetaceans, but surely there are dumb cetaceans...
        
         | BurningFrog wrote:
         | The Eskimos surviving after thousands of years in the arctic
         | have evolved to thrive with the available diet.
         | 
         | That very likely does not apply to the rest of us.
        
           | ch4s3 wrote:
           | There's no evolutionary pressure to not die from a stroke at
           | 50 because you subsist on that sort of diet. Rates of stroke
           | mortality are higher among Alaskan natives than other US
           | ethnic groups, for example[1].
           | 
           | [1] https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/full/10.2105/AJPH.2
           | 008...
        
         | causi wrote:
         | Different human ethnic groups have different dietary needs.
         | Eating like a traditional Inuit would not go as well for, say,
         | a Frankish man.
         | 
         | https://arstechnica.com/science/2017/03/europeans-evolved-to...
        
         | tpush wrote:
         | > Eskimos eat pure meat and fat from these animals and they
         | never get heart disease..
         | 
         | That is probably more of a myth than anything [0].
         | 
         | "The evidence for a low mortality from IHD among the Inuit is
         | fragile and rests on unreliable mortality statistics. Mortality
         | from stroke, however, is higher among the Inuit than among
         | other western populations."
         | 
         | [0] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12535749/
        
       | itamarst wrote:
       | There's a fun pair of alternate history novellas based on this:
       | https://publishing.tor.com/americanhippo-sarahgailey/9781250...
        
         | ubermonkey wrote:
         | Clicked into this thread to ensure their work was mentioned!
         | 
         | Those stories are fun.
        
       | soegaard wrote:
       | Meanwhile in Floria:
       | 
       | I Cooked A Whole Alligator ft. Guga - Joshua Weissman
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v__SIw48G-I
        
       | danparsonson wrote:
       | What a great story!
       | 
       | > The New York Times coined the phrase "lake cow bacon,"
       | 
       | Seems like a wasted opportunity not to go for the portmanteau and
       | call it Lakon
        
         | Dalewyn wrote:
         | The Lakon Type-10 Defender: Built like a steakhouse, handles
         | like a bistro.
        
           | weard_beard wrote:
           | 07
           | 
           | (this is a requisite greeting among enthusiasts of the game
           | the parent comment is referencing - elite dangerous. Captains
           | salute each other upon a random meeting in the millions and
           | millions of space stations in the galaxy.)
        
             | rythmshifter wrote:
             | I think this was first used in EVE online but I could be
             | wrong
        
               | MadsRC wrote:
               | I remember this from EVE online vividly. Sometime around
               | 2004-2006 I believe
        
               | BolexNOLA wrote:
               | Futurama. This is clearly the work of the greatest poet
               | yet to be born, Zapp Brannigan!
        
             | thatguy0900 wrote:
             | This is a Futurama reference, no?
             | 
             | https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=uFNN5Qf2AR4
        
               | barbecue_sauce wrote:
               | Looks like a combo reference.
        
       | mzpmzpmzp wrote:
       | Makes me think of that Bong Joon Ho movie, Okja!
        
       | citizenkeen wrote:
       | This is fascinating, because the current TV show _Mrs. Davis_ has
       | references to hippo meat which I think really cements that it's a
       | parallel universe.
        
       | Chazprime wrote:
       | Sounds a bit like Okja!
        
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       (page generated 2023-05-15 23:01 UTC)