[HN Gopher] Apple busts iOS 17 leaker with spycraft 'canary trap'
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       Apple busts iOS 17 leaker with spycraft 'canary trap'
        
       Author : isomorph
       Score  : 130 points
       Date   : 2023-05-10 20:51 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.cultofmac.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.cultofmac.com)
        
       | gnicholas wrote:
       | > _Leaks spoil Apple's surprise "one-last-thing" approach to
       | product unveilings_
       | 
       | I remember Steve doing "one last thing" announcements a long time
       | ago, but have they done any in the post-Steve era? I can't
       | remember the last one, TBH.
        
         | n2d4 wrote:
         | Apple Watch, Apple Music, and iPhone X, according to Macworld.
         | 
         | https://www.macworld.com/article/674643/every-one-more-thing...
        
         | asimpletune wrote:
         | The last one I remember was actually the Swift programming
         | language.
        
       | yalogin wrote:
       | I don't get why employees leak like this. They know full well
       | that the company does not want to reveal info and the employees
       | are told not to leak too. I don't get what they get by leaking.
       | In this case the girl is not even getting any money. Even if they
       | get money it will never be enough to cover for a 6 figure salary
       | + stock options. Such foolish people in this world throwing hard
       | work away. If you don't believe in secrecy or believe in
       | revealing info for what ever reason, just dont join the company,
       | it's very simple.
        
       | zyang wrote:
       | You know what would the make the situation better, write up a
       | melodramatic full admission of guilt and linked himself to his
       | sister.
        
       | dividedbyzero wrote:
       | > According to analyst941's post, Apple might take legal action
       | against both the former employee and the tipster.
       | 
       | Assuming the tipster is not under any NDA, is there anything
       | Apple could take them to court for?
        
         | jrm4 wrote:
         | Sure, I'm a little rusty, but you could perhaps sue anyone for
         | "tortious interference of contract," I'm guessing all you'd
         | need to show is something like "deliberate and intentional
         | screwing around with someone elses source of money"
         | 
         | Folks below were also discussing criminal, which strikes me as
         | unlikely but not at all impossible.
         | 
         | (Can you tell I'm a non-practicing lawyer?)
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | xoa wrote:
         | > _Assuming the tipster is not under any NDA, is there anything
         | Apple could take them to court for?_
         | 
         | In some jurisdictions (including mine, but I do not know
         | California law) there is the civil tort of Tortious
         | Interference, where Parties A & B have a contract, and Party C
         | improperly pushes/induces B to break their contract with A. A
         | could then have a claim against C. What counts is specific,
         | some sort of financial carrot/stick commonly. The former is
         | obvious, for the latter a classic/textbook example would be if
         | you have a contract to sell 500 foobars to A. Meanwhile C is
         | planning to start selling foobars too, and also has lots of
         | existing business with A that is very valuable to A. So C
         | threatens A, saying they'll stop doing business with them
         | unless they breach their contract with you. There is no
         | explicit bribing or payment there, merely denial of future
         | payment, but that could still be a case for tortious
         | interference.
         | 
         | But it's very possible that there's nothing here actionable (or
         | the tort may not be there in CA), and this is just someone
         | using a very generous " _might_ take legal action ". If this
         | goes to court Apple would do discovery and check I assume, but
         | it'd be fact dependent.
         | 
         | Edit: sibling comments mention there is also some specific CA
         | law regarding trade secrets.
        
         | gjsman-1000 wrote:
         | Reporting on leaked documents is not a crime. Providing
         | financial, sexual, or other incentives for leaked documents
         | could be a crime. Publishing certain parts of leaked documents
         | (i.e. reporting on a major breach of 1 million social security
         | numbers, by publishing all of the leaked numbers; or reporting
         | the Nintendo breach by posting Nintendo's source code), could
         | be a crime or civil issue on a circumstantial basis.
         | 
         | For groups like Wikileaks, it helps that US government
         | documents and laws, with limited exceptions, are not
         | copyrighted or copyrightable in the US. So when they report a
         | huge NSA scandal and publish those documents, the government
         | can't claim copyright infringement... but they will tear the
         | place apart to find the leaker. And of course, spy on the
         | reporter extremely closely for any possible legal slip-up no
         | matter how small (or, arguably, if they hate the reporter
         | enough, make something up).
        
         | danaris wrote:
         | From the MacRumors thread posted by n2d4 (thanks for this
         | context!), it sounds like the tipster was the sibling of the
         | Apple employee who leaked the information.
         | 
         | I don't know if this changes the legal situation any, but it
         | has certainly already (assuming the tipster is honest) led to
         | negative consequences for them: their sister lost her job
         | because of them, and is now no longer speaking to them.
        
         | sberens wrote:
         | From the article:
         | 
         | > Apple also requires its employees to sign nondisclosure
         | agreements, which forbid the signees from discussing secret
         | projects with unauthorized people. That includes other Apple
         | employees -- and most certainly anyone outside the company.
        
           | jonny_eh wrote:
           | The tipster didn't work for Apple.
        
             | vulcan01 wrote:
             | His sister shared the secret project with the "unauthorized
             | person" (the tipster).
        
         | bastijn wrote:
         | The assumption apple employees are not under nda is already
         | false. People working on projects that have classified
         | information are asked to sign NDAs (like in most if not all
         | companies). The article mentions the same.
        
           | garbagecoder wrote:
           | I thought the tipster was a relative of an employee.
        
             | jonny_eh wrote:
             | The brother of the Apple employee does NOT work for Apple.
        
           | czx4f4bd wrote:
           | The quoted section says "both the former employee and the
           | tipster", so "the tipster" here clearly refers to the non-
           | employee who would presumably not have signed any NDA with
           | Apple.
        
         | n2d4 wrote:
         | This was discussed in the tipster's MacRumors farewell thread
         | [1]. I'm not a lawyer to understand the context of it, but
         | someone quoted:
         | 
         | > California Trade Secrets Act (2022) sections 3426 to 3426.11
         | of the California Civil Code
         | 
         | > (a) "Improper means" includes theft, bribery,
         | misrepresentation, breach or inducement of a breach of a duty
         | to maintain secrecy, or espionage through electronic or other
         | means. Reverse engineering or independent derivation alone
         | shall not be considered improper means.
         | 
         | > (b) "Misappropriation" means:
         | 
         | > (1) Acquisition of a trade secret of another by a person who
         | knows or has reason to know that the trade secret was acquired
         | by improper means; or(2) Disclosure or use of a trade secret of
         | another without express or implied consent by a person who A)
         | Used improper means to acquire knowledge of the trade secret;
         | or(B) At the time of disclosure or use, knew or had reason to
         | know that his or her knowledge of the trade secret was i)
         | Derived from or through a person who had utilized improper
         | means to acquire it;(ii) Acquired under circumstances giving
         | rise to a duty to maintain its secrecy or limit its use;
         | or(iii) Derived from or through a person who owed a duty to the
         | person seeking relief to maintain its secrecy or limit its use;
         | or(C) Before a material change of his or her position, knew or
         | had reason to know that it was a trade secret and that
         | knowledge of it had been acquired by accident or mistake.
         | 
         | It sounds to me like that would incriminate the tipster as
         | well, if the leaked information counts as a trade secret at
         | least, regardless of whether the former employee knew about it
         | or not.
         | 
         | [1] https://forums.macrumors.com/threads/farewell-
         | message.238918...
        
       | sourcecodeplz wrote:
       | Trust, honesty, secrecy, decency are difficult to find together.
       | 
       | Edit: the sister was most likely in marketing/social
        
       | DamonHD wrote:
       | Again: the site's cookie selection wouldn't know what GDPR and
       | privacy were if they came up and bit it, but dark patterns are
       | its old friend...
        
       | colmmacc wrote:
       | Has a single significant Apple launch _not_ leaked in the last
       | decade? I can 't think of any. With the scale of the company and
       | corporate loyalty being what they are these days, it just seems
       | inevitable that many things will leak. Yet Apple persist in a
       | hyper-vigilant program of leak prevention.
       | 
       | There's definitely still huge value in the newsworthiness of the
       | launches. Apple get a lot of free media coverage, and for the
       | most part the press treat the actual launches as news because
       | that final official confirmation matters much more than tenuous
       | leaks.
       | 
       | But I often wonder if the top down focus on secrecy and the
       | famous leak prevention programs are more motivated by the strong
       | desire for _focus_. One of the challenges of keeping a big
       | company effective is combating the tendency for well-meaning
       | collaboration and suggestion making to turn into sluggish
       | bureaucracy and committees. Secrecy a _very_ powerful tool in
       | optimizing a corporate culture, and reminding everyone that it is
       | definitely not ok to share things has that big benefit too.
        
         | giobox wrote:
         | > Has a single significant Apple launch not leaked in the last
         | decade?
         | 
         | It's not a black and white leak vs no leak situation - there
         | are very clearly degrees of severity at play here.
         | 
         | To use a recent example, sure we all know Apple is working on a
         | VR headset, but there have been (to best of my knowledge) no
         | meaningful leaks of images of the actual hardware or software;
         | these will be a surprise on launch day, and surprises can be
         | news worthy - helpful when trying to sell new things, or slow
         | down the rate at which competitors build imitations.
        
         | foverzar wrote:
         | There are leaks, and then there are _leaks_. The former is bad
         | for business and the latter is marketing.
        
           | sublinear wrote:
           | I'm having an extremely difficult time believing this isn't a
           | marketing stunt. In what universe can another company beat
           | Apple on implementation, or generally ever do anything wrong
           | according to its loyal fans?
        
         | mrtksn wrote:
         | IIRC the dynamic island functionality wasn't leaked, albeit the
         | new notch design was. It felts so nice to be properly
         | introduced to new ideas and work.
         | 
         | I'm not surprised that Apple can't contain supplier leaks, they
         | produce these things on such a high scale that tight teams are
         | not an option in production.
         | 
         | However I expect better from Apple when it comes to software
         | leaks as they can have the employees close to themselves.
         | 
         | I definitely dig the leaks but it's much more satisfying to be
         | surprised by a proper presentation. I remember the iPhone 4
         | situation where the whole device leaked and I was reluctant to
         | believe that this is Apple design because of the poor
         | presentation bu by the tech journalists. Later, after proper
         | introduction and using the device, it become my favourite
         | iPhone design ever. Proper introductions are important, I wish
         | Apple Jeynotes weren't spoiled as much.
        
           | johnwalkr wrote:
           | iphone 4 is timeless except for the bezels/chin/forehead
           | around the screen. No wonder they've basically gone back
           | towards iphone 4 mechanical design.
        
       | CharlesW wrote:
       | > _It appears to be the first time Apple has used the method to
       | catch a source of internal leaks._
       | 
       | Definitely not. One of the infamous examples we know about is
       | that _Think Secret_ was forced to shut down after publishing a
       | planted leak about a FireWire audio interface.
       | 
       | https://www.macobserver.com/tmo/article/apple_subpoenas_mac_...
        
         | nntwozz wrote:
         | Oh man Think Secret was juicy back in the day, it had awesome
         | leaks.
         | 
         | Good times.
        
           | giobox wrote:
           | I was thinking the other day it's funny there's like an
           | entire generation of Apple enthusiasts have now grown up not
           | even knowing about the site, and its not like its still
           | online as a historical thing - the quality and accuracy of
           | some of the stories "Nick dePlume" broke was pretty amazing
           | back then. The wikipedia page doesn't do it justice.
           | 
           | > https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Think_Secret
        
         | quitit wrote:
         | I recall reading years ago that false information was always
         | disseminated through Apple specifically for this purpose, along
         | with many other forms of tracking and that staff knew about it
         | specifically to limit temptation. When the goal is to stop the
         | leak, letting staff know of the activities is more powerful
         | than keeping the programme secret.
         | 
         | In one example for the iPad, Business Insider reported that the
         | device was chained to the desk and photos of the desk's wood
         | grain were taken to simplify singling out any leaked photos.
         | Obviously they could refer to the wood grain later, with so few
         | prototypes, preshooting photos isn't needed - however it's
         | about conveying the message.
         | 
         | A lot of this stuff is theatre to telegraph to staff that they
         | risk the weight of the NDA.
        
         | dgriffinjones wrote:
         | From your own link:
         | 
         |  _> Having failed to identify who leaked the information
         | regarding  "Asteroid", Apple requested the subpoenas in an
         | effort to find the culprit._
         | 
         | In that case, they used the courts to compel publishers to
         | divulge their source. In this case, Apple's own methods of
         | planting a false flag among their employees caught the source.
         | This is what the author was referring to.
        
           | CharlesW wrote:
           | I recall reports that the leak _Think Secret_ published was
           | planted by Apple, but that was long ago, and most of the
           | original reporting has disappeared. I _can_ personally
           | confirm that Apple wanted employees to know that planting
           | leaks was something that Apple sometimes did, so it wasn 't a
           | huge surprise at the time.
        
           | SoylentYellow wrote:
           | Apple tried to use the courts but failed. The California
           | Appeal's court granted the publishers a protection order
           | against revealing their sources:
           | https://www.eff.org/cases/apple-v-does
        
           | giobox wrote:
           | Is there any evidence the "Asteroid" device was fake for the
           | purposes of finding a leaker? I've never heard that angle,
           | and I'm pretty familiar with the case and followed the trial
           | and Think Secret at the time.
           | 
           | While it never launched, it clearly made sense as a device
           | given Apple's recent launch of Garage Band.
           | 
           | From what I've just searched, the only "evidence" it was a
           | hoax appears to originate in this very speculative _theory_
           | concocted on lowendmac.com that the entire thing was planned
           | to take down the rumor industry, which seems possible but
           | unlikely to me:
           | 
           | > https://lowendmac.com/2006/sudden-impact-apples-great-
           | astero...
           | 
           | The article also argues its odd for Apple not to release
           | something that was planned, but hardware companies I imagine
           | cancel unannounced devices all the time. Audio interfaces is
           | a crowded space thats hard to stand out in too, even for
           | someone like Apple. This claim alone makes me not trust the
           | article:
           | 
           | > "after over two years, Apple hasn't released a breakout box
           | for use with GarageBand... Sound suspicious? It should. If
           | this was an important project, you'd think Apple would have
           | gone ahead with it even after the "trade secret" of its
           | existence was made known. You'd think they would have rushed
           | to market to take advantage of the buzz."
           | 
           | I can't agree with that statement at all! There are countless
           | reasons it could have been cancelled, and it was never all
           | that "important" to begin with. It's also written by "Anne
           | Onymus" - believe what you will.
        
         | SllX wrote:
         | I thought it was pretty well known in Apple circles this was
         | one of the methods they use. I didn't know the term for it
         | until now though.
        
       | npunt wrote:
       | It's incredibly stupid to leak like this, plus it's a real f-you
       | to the people working on the stuff. If I were on a product that
       | got leaked I'd be pissed seeing my unfinished work out there.
       | Looking at this person's past leaks[1] their eagerness for
       | approval is on full display, and it's just a bunch of details
       | that do nothing but diminish the magic.
       | 
       | The only real utility leaking has to people is stuff like 'do I
       | buy now or wait' but that can usually be determined by supply
       | chain status dredged up by rumors sites. Sometimes it's best if
       | we don't treat everything like we _have to know it right now_
       | like every day is Information Christmas or something.
       | 
       | [1] https://forums.macrumors.com/members/anonymous-
       | a-s.1321969/#...
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | If they can't even keep their releases a secret, how can I trust
       | them with my data?
        
       | haney wrote:
       | Can anyone recommend a book or resource for an introduction to
       | spy craft? I'm sure there are more approaches like 'canary traps'
       | that would be useful mechanisms to understand.
        
       | Nullabillity wrote:
       | The tone in this comment section is, frankly, baffling. Nobody
       | owes Apple any kind of right to control when or how their
       | products are announced.
        
         | JohnFen wrote:
         | What's baffling? It's not a matter of "owing" Apple any right.
         | Apple already has the inherent right to control what and when
         | they want to publicly reveal, and anyone who has signed an NDA
         | with them has made a promise that they won't do it first.
        
       | yasp wrote:
       | Really foolish to keep posting with details even after the sister
       | was caught. Some people just can't help themselves.
        
         | bagels wrote:
         | Yes, that post is going to be evidence. It potentially ties the
         | leaker to the sister that was fired.
        
         | grupthink wrote:
         | If my sister was caught doing something illegal, the last thing
         | I would do is reveal more details about her inside leaks online
         | (that could be further used against her in court).
         | 
         | It feels like a cautionary tale for would-be leakers inside of
         | Apple.
        
           | vkou wrote:
           | Generally speaking, leakers aren't very smart.
        
             | grupthink wrote:
             | Let me get this straight. The sister gets caught. The
             | sibling expresses concern for impending legal action, but
             | in spite of this, goes online to share EVEN MORE details
             | that could be used against them in court, and cries "woe is
             | me" and "farewell".
             | 
             | This canary story feels like a contrived story intended to
             | scare potential leakers inside the company.
        
             | JohnFen wrote:
             | Whenever I hear people say some variant of "criminals
             | aren't very smart", there's a part of my brain that says
             | "how do we know? Surely the smart ones aren't getting
             | caught so we never hear about them."
        
               | xoa wrote:
               | > _" how do we know? Surely the smart ones aren't getting
               | caught so we never hear about them."_
               | 
               | This only works if you exclusively consider crimes that
               | have zero discernible external effect ("victimless
               | crimes" in common parlance). Some percentage of copyright
               | infringement or drug use would be good examples. But most
               | crimes people really care about have external effects,
               | and that is indeed precisely why they're crimes. If
               | someone robs a house, they need not ever be caught for
               | everyone to know a house was robbed. In turn, one can
               | consider the ratio of crimes to criminals-caught-for-
               | those-crimes. Further, since trials are all fully public,
               | one can look at why exactly those criminals were caught.
               | If most get caught, and it tends to be for stupid
               | mistakes, then one can reasonably argue "criminals aren't
               | very smart".
               | 
               | Leaks by definition are self-revealing, that's the point
               | of them. If secret information is appearing in the
               | general world, the organization knows their are one or
               | more leaks, even if the exact nature of them could be a
               | number of things (ie, could be an insider, could be a
               | partner, could be an external break-in).
        
             | porkbeer wrote:
             | I would contest that.
        
         | oh_sigh wrote:
         | There's also the possibility that this information is just made
         | up by the leaker in an attempt to look better for a coming
         | lawsuit.
         | 
         | A possibility: analyst941 and the Apple employee are the same
         | person. They leaked for whatever reason. After they were
         | caught/fired, they fabricated this story about analyst941
         | actually being the sibling (with a real sibling's blessing).
         | The sibling will not be in any trouble, because they didn't
         | sign a confidentiality agreement - so it seems a loving sibling
         | might sign on to play this role.
         | 
         | The ex-employee could face a lawsuit, and the lawsuit will look
         | much better for the ex-employee if they merely told a sibling
         | all these things(who then had loose lips), vs if the ex-
         | employee specifically went to MacRumors message board to leak
         | the info to the general public.
        
       | pasttense01 wrote:
       | Did the leaker make any money out of the leaks?
        
         | porkbeer wrote:
         | Unlikely
        
       | webwielder2 wrote:
       | Never understood the motivation for leakers. Are their lives that
       | gray?
        
         | nomel wrote:
         | "The Psychology of Espionage and Leaking in the Digital Age"
         | 
         | https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intellig...
        
           | jonbc wrote:
           | Archived version: https://web.archive.org/web/20200716101239/
           | https://www.cia.g...
        
           | robocat wrote:
           | Darn: link comes up blank on Mobile Safari (iPadOS 16.4.1
           | (a)) in New Zealand.
        
             | nikp123 wrote:
             | Same here in Serbia, I'm guessing this document is being
             | geo restricted via IP.
        
         | ajross wrote:
         | It's just gossip. Same impetus exactly: "I know something
         | special and want to share it" is a basic human motivation. It's
         | only in places like this where shy introverts are the norm that
         | anyone would even ask that question.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | mrtranscendence wrote:
         | I'm reminded of another recent incident where Dan Allen, a
         | gaming YouTuber, used the handle TheRealInsider to leak secrets
         | (against NDA). As far as I know he got nothing from it except a
         | bit of minor fame while the persona was active, and wide
         | ridicule when he was found out -- how that's worth enough to
         | risk your reputation and livelihood I can't imagine.
        
         | porkbeer wrote:
         | Depends on the leak. Some leaks are for the good of mankind,
         | others are just for some internet points. Seldom do they
         | generate a profit unless the leaker is leveraged or in cahoots
         | with someone who is.
        
         | dmbche wrote:
         | My understanding is that for websites that live on leaking
         | things from manufacturers, the person who leaks gets some of
         | the revenue. I wouldn't be surprised they get people hired to
         | get access to the information.
         | 
         | Doubt it's a good way to run a profitable enterprise - but I'm
         | sure some people do
        
           | JohnFen wrote:
           | > for websites that live on leaking things from
           | manufacturers, the person who leaks gets some of the revenue
           | 
           | I have a hard time believing that's common, if for no other
           | reason than because it would open those websites up to legal
           | liability.
        
           | trzy wrote:
           | I don't know about that. It's usually just reporters reaching
           | out asking you to dish in violation of your NDA for nothing
           | in return. When I left Apple TDG, I was contacted by two
           | reporters from well known publications on LinkedIn. I
           | completely ignored both. Quite frankly it's pretty upsetting
           | that they're so eager to put people in legal and financial
           | jeopardy to write their stupid columns.
        
             | dmbche wrote:
             | Wow! I was going from their comments on the leaker being
             | fired after this leak being done - I imagine the site has a
             | roster or something? Or a bounty program kind of thing?
             | 
             | Edit: hadn't read the full thing - it's just a guy that
             | shared stuff her sister said to him for internet points -
             | what a loser
        
             | JohnFen wrote:
             | > I completely ignored both.
             | 
             | That's very wise.
             | 
             | Here's an illustrative tale, although I'm omitting details
             | that could identify myself or the companies involved.
             | 
             | Many years ago when I was still pretty wet behind the ears,
             | I had just completed the sale of my company to another.
             | This was fairly big news at the time, and my phone was
             | ringing off the hook with reporters wanting more details.
             | The details -- especially the sale price -- were
             | confidential, and I was contractually prohibited from
             | discussing them.
             | 
             | One particularly devious reporter managed to get me
             | involved in a "friendly" conversation talking generally
             | (and safely) about the the two companies, then when my
             | guard was down, asked me a question that wasn't directly
             | about the sale price -- but my answer did tell him the
             | general magnitude of it, which he reported.
             | 
             | It was a huge hairy problem that took weeks to smooth over.
             | It nearly made the deal fall through. I learned to never
             | talk to reporters. Some of them are very, very good at
             | their job.
        
               | trzy wrote:
               | Yeah these guys are total slime balls. Once they get what
               | they want, their lack of concern for their sources is
               | appalling. Breaking the news to drive eyeballs on their
               | reporting is their 100% priority.
        
           | madeofpalk wrote:
           | My understanding that the more well known sites ( _such as_
           | Cult of Mac, Mac Rumors, 9to5Mac etc) avoid paying for leaks
           | because it creates poor incentives and legal issues.
        
       | darth_avocado wrote:
       | Hard way to learn that internet likes aren't everything.
        
       | barbegal wrote:
       | I remember the rumors of a 2025 release date and thinking that is
       | oddly far into the future. If you were deeply involved in the
       | project you would know that those dates weren't accurate so it
       | must have been someone on the periphery. In that case the number
       | of possible date combinations will be far fewer than the number
       | of people who need to be informed so it seems this must have been
       | a targeted communication to someone Apple suspected was leaking
       | information.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | peyton wrote:
         | It's a hardware company, so it's not uncommon for software to
         | be planned a few years out.
        
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